Display apparatus and preparation method therfor

Abstract

A display apparatus and a preparation method therefor. The display apparatus comprises a display panel (1) and a grating structure arranged on a light-emitting side of the display panel (1). The grating structure comprises a first grating layer (4), a second grating layer (5), and a light-shielding layer (3). The first grating layer (4) is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel (1), and comprises a plurality of lens units (41) arranged in an array. The second grating layer (5) is provided on the side of the first grating layer (4) away from the display panel (1) and covers the lens units (41) of the first grating layer (4). The surface of the side of the second grating layer (5) away from the first grating layer (4) is a continuous flat surface. The refractive index of the first grating layer (4) is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer (5). The orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer (3) on the display panel (1) in a first direction at least partially covers the orthographic projection of an interval region between adjacent lens units (41) on the display panel (1) in the first direction. The first direction is the direction of the second grating layer (5) pointing toward the first grating layer (4). The display apparatus having said structure can improve the quality of a displayed image, thereby improving a 3D display effect.

Description

Display device and its manufacturing method Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, specifically to a display device and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] As we all know, the 2D displays we see every day cannot provide us with depth information like the real world. The key to our ability to perceive depth (3D effect) lies in the positional difference created by the approximately 60mm interpupillary distance between our two eyes. Two images with "binocular parallax" become a "stereoscopic image pair," which, after being fused by the visual cortex of the human brain, produces a stereoscopic effect.

[0003] 3D displays are divided into glasses-free and glasses-based types, with glasses-free 3D displays attracting significant attention. Specifically, the 3D display effect is achieved as follows: a left-eye image is input into the left-eye pixel of the display panel, and a right-eye image is input into the right-eye pixel; a Resin lens grating module forms a lens grating, and the light emitted from the left-eye and right-eye images of the display panel passes through the lens grating and enters the left-eye and right-eye visual areas respectively. While existing 3D display devices can achieve the desired display effect, directly focusing multi-directional light through a grating makes grating fabrication difficult and results in poor display quality. With increasingly demanding consumer needs, there is an urgent need for a display device and manufacturing method with better 3D effects and a simpler manufacturing process to improve the user experience.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application addresses the shortcomings of related technologies by proposing a display device and its manufacturing method to solve the problems of poor display effect or complex manufacturing process of 3D display devices in related technologies.

[0006] This application provides a display device, including a display panel and a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel. The grating structure includes a first grating layer, a second grating layer, and a light-shielding layer. The first grating layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel and includes a plurality of lens units arranged in an array. The second grating layer is disposed on the side of the first grating layer away from the display panel and covers the lens units on the first grating layer. The surface of the side of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer onto the display panel along a first direction at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the interval region between adjacent lens units onto the display panel along the first direction, where the first direction is the direction from the second grating layer to the first grating layer.

[0007] As can be seen from the above embodiments, compared to the traditional technology that uses only a single grating structure to focus light from multiple directions, the grating structure in this application uses a combination of a first grating layer and a second grating layer. On the one hand, the second grating layer can protect the lens unit in the first grating layer. On the other hand, the greater the refractive index difference between the second grating layer and the first grating layer, the smaller the lens arch can be. Therefore, the arch of the lens in the first grating layer can be adjusted by adjusting the refractive index, thereby thinning the display device and improving the product's aesthetics. In addition, the grating structure in this application has a light-shielding layer perpendicular to the panel direction between adjacent lens units, which can reduce light crosstalk between pixel units of different colors in the display panel, improve the quality of the displayed image, and thus enhance the 3D display effect.

[0008] In one embodiment, the light-shielding layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel, the light-shielding layer is located in the interval area between adjacent lens units, and the dimension of the light-shielding layer along the first direction is smaller than the maximum dimension of the lens unit along the first direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, the dimension of the light-shielding layer along the first direction is one-fiftieth to one-tenth of the maximum dimension of the lens unit along the first direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, the light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer, and the dimension of the light-shielding layer along the first direction is smaller than the minimum dimension of the second grating layer along the first direction.

[0011] In one embodiment, the dimension of the light-shielding layer along the first direction is one-fiftieth to one-tenth of the minimum dimension of the second grating layer along the first direction.

[0012] This application also provides a display device, including a display panel and a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel. The grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer. The first grating layer is disposed on the surface of the light-emitting side of the display panel. The first grating layer includes a planarization layer covering the display panel and a plurality of lens units arranged in an array on the side of the planarization layer away from the display panel. The surface of the planarization layer away from the lens units is a continuous plane, and the planarization layer and the lens units are made of the same material. The second grating layer is disposed on the side of the first grating layer away from the display panel and covers the lens units on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer.

[0013] In one embodiment, the plurality of lens units and the planarization layer are relatively independent structures;

[0014] In one embodiment, the plurality of lens units are integrally formed with the planarization layer.

[0015] This application also provides a display device, including a display panel and a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel, wherein the grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer; the first grating layer includes a plurality of lens units arranged in an array, the convex surfaces of the lens units facing the light-emitting side of the display panel; the second grating layer is located between the first grating layer and the display panel, the second grating layer covers the lens units on the first grating layer, the surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer; the display device further includes a light-shielding layer, the light-shielding layer is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer on the display panel along a first direction at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the interval region between adjacent lens units on the display panel along the first direction, the first direction being the direction from the second grating layer to the first grating layer.

[0016] This application also provides a method for manufacturing a display device, including:

[0017] Form a display panel;

[0018] A grating structure is formed on the display panel, wherein the grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer stacked sequentially on the display panel. The first grating layer includes a plurality of lens units arranged in an array. The second grating layer covers the lens units on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane. The refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer. The grating structure also includes a light-shielding layer. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer on the display panel along a first direction at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the interval region between adjacent lens units on the display panel along the first direction, where the first direction is the direction from the second grating layer to the first grating layer.

[0019] In one embodiment, forming the grating structure on the display panel includes:

[0020] Alignment marks are formed on the display panel;

[0021] A light-shielding layer is formed on the display panel according to the alignment mark, the light-shielding layer comprising a plurality of spaced light-shielding blocks;

[0022] The lens unit is formed within the interval between adjacent light-shielding blocks;

[0023] The second grating layer is covered on the lens unit and the light-shielding block.

[0024] In one embodiment, forming the lens unit within the interval between adjacent light-shielding blocks includes:

[0025] A first photosensitive material layer is formed within the interval between adjacent light-shielding blocks;

[0026] The first photosensitive material layer is patterned to form a grating transition pattern;

[0027] The grating transition pattern is subjected to ultraviolet light exposure processing;

[0028] The grating transition pattern is subjected to low-temperature thermal reflow treatment at temperatures of 150°C and below to form multiple arrayed lens units.

[0029] In one embodiment, forming the grating structure on the display panel includes:

[0030] Provide lens substrate;

[0031] At least one alignment mark is formed on the lens substrate;

[0032] Multiple light-shielding blocks are formed in an array on the lens substrate according to the alignment marks;

[0033] The lens unit is formed within the interval between adjacent light-shielding blocks;

[0034] The grating structure is obtained by covering the lens unit and the light-shielding block with the second grating layer.

[0035] The side of the grating structure closest to the lens substrate is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel.

[0036] In one embodiment, forming the grating structure on the display panel includes:

[0037] Provide lens substrate;

[0038] The lens units arranged in an array and at least one alignment mark are formed on the lens substrate;

[0039] The second grating layer is covered on the lens unit and the alignment mark;

[0040] A light-shielding layer is formed on the side of the second grating layer away from the lens unit to obtain the grating structure;

[0041] The side of the grating structure closest to the lens substrate is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel.

[0042] In one embodiment, the lens units arranged in an array on the lens substrate and at least one alignment mark include:

[0043] A first imprint template is provided, the first imprint template including a substrate and a plurality of lens units arranged in an array on the substrate and at least one alignment mark;

[0044] An embossing material is coated on the side of the first embossing template closest to the lens unit, so that the embossing material forms a second embossing template;

[0045] A second photosensitive material layer is formed on the lens substrate;

[0046] After the second photosensitive material layer on the lens substrate is molded using the second imprinting template, the lens units arranged in an array and at least one alignment mark are formed, and then the mold is removed.

[0047] This application also provides a method for manufacturing a display device, including:

[0048] Form a display panel;

[0049] A grating structure is formed on the display panel, wherein the grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer stacked sequentially on the display panel. The first grating layer includes a planarization layer covering the display panel and a plurality of lens units arranged in an array on the side of the planarization layer away from the display panel. The surface of the planarization layer away from the lens units is a continuous plane, and the planarization layer and the lens units are made of the same material. The second grating layer covers the lens units on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer.

[0050] In one embodiment, forming the grating structure on the display panel includes:

[0051] Provide lens substrate;

[0052] At least one alignment mark is formed on the lens substrate;

[0053] The second grating layer is formed on the lens substrate according to the alignment mark;

[0054] The first grating layer is formed on the side of the second grating layer away from the lens substrate to obtain the grating structure;

[0055] The side of the grating structure closest to the first grating layer is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel.

[0056] In one embodiment, forming the second grating layer on the lens substrate according to the alignment mark includes:

[0057] A third imprint template is provided, the third imprint template including a substrate and a plurality of lens units arranged in an array on the substrate and at least one alignment mark;

[0058] A third photosensitive material layer is formed on the lens substrate;

[0059] The second grating layer is formed by molding the third photosensitive material layer on the lens substrate using the third imprinting template, and then demolded.

[0060] This application also provides a method for manufacturing a display device, including:

[0061] Form a display panel;

[0062] A light-shielding layer and at least one alignment mark are formed on the light-emitting side of the display panel;

[0063] A grating structure is formed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the display panel. The grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer. The first grating layer includes a plurality of lens units arranged in an array, with the convex surface of the lens units facing the light-emitting side of the display panel. The second grating layer is located between the first grating layer and the display panel, and covers the lens units on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer.

[0064] In one embodiment, forming a grating structure on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the display panel includes:

[0065] Provide lens substrate;

[0066] The lens units arranged in an array and at least one alignment mark are formed on the lens substrate;

[0067] The second grating layer is covered over the lens unit and the alignment mark to obtain the grating structure;

[0068] The side of the grating structure closest to the second grating layer is bonded to the side of the light-shielding layer furthest from the display panel.

[0069] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0070] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0071] Figures 1a to 1f are schematic diagrams of the steps in a method for manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figures 2a to 2d are schematic diagrams of the steps in another method for manufacturing a display device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figures 3a to 3d are schematic diagrams of the steps in another method for manufacturing a display device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figures 4a to 4e are schematic diagrams of the steps in the manufacturing method of a display device according to the embodiment of this application in Figure 3a.

[0075] Figures 5a to 5c are schematic diagrams of the steps in another method for manufacturing a display device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figures 6a and 6b are schematic diagrams of the steps in the manufacturing method of a display device according to the embodiment of this application in Figure 5a.

[0077] Figures 7a to 7e are schematic diagrams of the steps in another method for manufacturing a display device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0078] Figure 8 shows a comparison of the preparation process results between the embodiments of this application and related technologies.

[0079] In the figure: 1-Display panel; 2-Alignment mark; 3-Light shielding layer; 4-First grating layer; 41-Lens unit; 42-Planarization layer; 5-Second grating layer; 6-Lens substrate; 7-Adhesive layer; 8-First imprinting template; 9-Second imprinting template; 10-Third imprinting template; 01-First photosensitive material layer; 02-Raster transition pattern; 03-Second photosensitive material layer; 04-Fourth photosensitive material layer. Detailed Implementation

[0080] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0081] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0082] It should be understood that when describing the structure of a component, when referring to a layer or region as being "above" or "on top of" another layer or region, it can mean that it is directly above the other layer or region, or that it contains other layers or regions between it and the other layer or region. Furthermore, if the component is flipped over, that layer or region will be located "below" or "under" the other layer or region.

[0083] Currently, 3D displays in the field of display technology are divided into naked-eye and glasses-based displays. Digital maskless lithography systems are now used in 3D display devices, employing micromirrors as spatial light modulators to replace the traditional photomask method. However, directly focusing multi-directional light rays through gratings is difficult to fabricate and results in poor display quality.

[0084] The display device and its manufacturing method provided in this application are intended to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in related technologies.

[0085] The display panel and display device in the embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features in the following embodiments may complement or combine with each other.

[0086] The display device provided in this embodiment of the invention can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), or other types of display devices such as organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and micro-LED.

[0087] This application provides a display device, as shown in Figures 1f, 2d, and 3d, including a display panel 1 and a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1. The grating structure includes a first grating layer 4, a second grating layer 5, and a light-shielding layer 3. The first grating layer 4 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1 and includes a plurality of lens units 41 arranged in an array. The second grating layer 5 is disposed on the side of the first grating layer 4 away from the display panel 1 and covers the lens units 41 on the first grating layer 4. The surface of the side of the second grating layer 5 away from the first grating layer 4 is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer 4 is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer 5. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer 3 on the display panel 1 along a first direction x at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the interval area between adjacent lens units 41 on the display panel 1 along the first direction x, where the first direction x is the direction from the second grating layer 5 to the first grating layer 4.

[0088] As can be seen from the above embodiments, compared with the traditional technology that uses only a single grating structure to focus light from multiple directions, the grating structure in this application uses a combination of a first grating layer 4 and a second grating layer 5. On the one hand, the second grating layer 5 can protect the lens unit 41 in the first grating layer 4. On the other hand, the greater the refractive index difference between the second grating layer 5 and the first grating layer 4, the smaller the lens arch can be. Therefore, the arch of the lens in the first grating layer 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the refractive index, thereby thinning the display device and improving the product's aesthetics. In addition, the grating structure in this application has a light-shielding layer 3 between adjacent lens units 41 in a direction perpendicular to the panel, which can reduce light crosstalk between pixel units of different colors in the display panel 1, improve the quality of the displayed image, and thus enhance the 3D display effect.

[0089] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1f and FIG2d, the light-shielding layer 3 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1, the light-shielding layer 3 is located in the interval area between adjacent lens units 41, and the dimension h1 of the light-shielding layer 3 along the first direction x is smaller than the maximum dimension h2 of the lens unit 41 along the first direction x.

[0090] It should be noted that, in the related technologies, it is impossible to achieve a completely gapless lens arrangement during photolithography. When using a digital exposure machine to fabricate grating structures, the gap between the lenses is determined by the resolving power of the digital exposure machine. The exposure machines in the related technologies achieve gaps of 2 μm or more when fabricating grating structures, while digital exposure machines can achieve gaps of 1 μm or even 0.7 μm, resulting in smaller gaps and higher precision. Therefore, digital exposure machines are preferably used for fabrication. The lens spacing obtained by digital exposure machines is between 0.7 μm and 5 μm.

[0091] In some embodiments, the size of the light-shielding layer 3 along the first direction x is one-fiftieth to one-tenth of the maximum size of the lens unit 41 along the first direction x. This ensures that the light-shielding layer 3 does not affect the emission of light between pixel units in the display panel 1, while preventing light leakage to avoid crosstalk between pixels of different colors. In one example, the size of the light-shielding layer 3 along the first direction x is 1 μm, and the size of the lens unit 41 along the first direction x is 12 μm.

[0092] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3d, the light-shielding layer 3 is disposed on the side of the second grating layer 5 away from the first grating layer 4, and the dimension h1 of the light-shielding layer 3 along the first direction x is smaller than the minimum dimension h3 of the second grating layer 5 along the first direction x. This embodiment can prevent non-perfectly direct light from being blocked by the light-shielding layer 3, thereby improving light utilization.

[0093] In some embodiments, the dimension of the light-shielding layer 3 along the first direction x is one-fiftieth to one-tenth of the minimum dimension of the second grating layer 5 along the first direction x. In one example, the dimension of the light-shielding layer 3 along the first direction x is 1 μm, and the minimum dimension of the second grating layer 5 along the first direction x is 30 μm.

[0094] In some embodiments, the diameter of the lens unit 41 is 1–10 μm, and the dimension h2 of the lens unit 41 along the first direction x is 1–50 μm. Further, the dimension h2 of the lens unit 41 along the first direction x is 21–31 μm. Further, the diameter / height ratio of the lens unit 41 is 2–9.

[0095] In some embodiments, the difference between the refractive index of the first grating layer 4 and the refractive index of the second grating layer 5 is greater than or equal to 0.03. In one example, the refractive index of the first grating layer 4 is 1.63, and the refractive index of the second grating layer 5 is 1.42 to 1.5.

[0096] In some embodiments, the grating structure further includes a lens substrate 6, as shown in Figures 2d and 3d. The lens substrate 6 is located on the side of the first grating layer 4 close to the display panel 1. The lens substrate 6 and the display panel 1 are bonded and fixed together by an adhesive layer 7. For example, the adhesive layer 7 is OCA optical adhesive.

[0097] In some embodiments, the lens substrate 6 is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0098] In some embodiments, the lens unit 41 is a cylindrical lens or a spherical lens.

[0099] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a display device, as shown in FIG5c, including a display panel 1 and a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1. The grating structure includes a first grating layer 4 and a second grating layer 5. The first grating layer 4 is disposed on the surface of the light-emitting side of the display panel 1. The first grating layer 4 includes a planarization layer 42 covering the display panel 1 and a plurality of lens units 41 arranged in an array on the side of the planarization layer 42 away from the display panel 1. The surface of the planarization layer 42 away from the lens units 41 is a continuous plane. The planarization layer 42 and the lens units 41 are made of the same material. The second grating layer 5 is disposed on the side of the first grating layer 4 away from the display panel 1 and covers the lens units 41 on the first grating layer 4. The surface of the second grating layer 5 away from the first grating layer 4 is a continuous plane. The refractive index of the first grating layer 4 is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer 5.

[0100] In the grating structure of this embodiment, since the first grating layer 4 includes a planarization layer 42 and a plurality of arrayed lens units 41 located on the side of the planarization layer 42 away from the display panel 1, and the material of the planarization layer 42 is the same as the material of the lens units 41, the parallel emitted light will be focused after encountering the lens. Therefore, the light between different color pixel units in the display panel 1 can be kept from being interfered with without the need for the light-shielding layer 3, which can ensure the 3D display effect and improve the display quality.

[0101] In some embodiments, the plurality of lens units 41 and the planarization layer 42 are relatively independent structures.

[0102] In some embodiments, the plurality of lens units 41 are integrally formed with the planarization layer 42. Those skilled in the art can choose different designs according to the actual situation.

[0103] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a display device, as shown in FIG7e, including a display panel 1 and a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1, wherein...

[0104] The grating structure includes a first grating layer 4 and a second grating layer 5; the first grating layer 4 includes a plurality of lens units 41 arranged in an array, the convex surface of the lens units 41 facing the light-emitting side of the display panel 1; the second grating layer 5 is located between the first grating layer 4 and the display panel 1, the second grating layer 5 covers the lens units 41 on the first grating layer 4, the surface of the second grating layer 5 away from the first grating layer 4 is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer 4 is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer 5;

[0105] The display device also includes a light-shielding layer 3, which is located on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer 3 on the display panel 1 along the first direction x at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the interval area between adjacent lens units 41 on the display panel 1 along the first direction x, where the first direction x is the direction from the second grating layer 5 to the first grating layer 4.

[0106] In this embodiment, the convex surface of the lens faces the light-emitting side of the display panel 1. At the same time, the light-shielding layer 3 can be set on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1 first, and the fabrication process of the grating structure can be carried out simultaneously. In the actual fabrication process, it can be flexibly selected according to different needs. The resulting display device can achieve the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned embodiment.

[0107] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a method for manufacturing a display device, comprising the following steps:

[0108] Step 100: Form display panel 1;

[0109] Step 200: Form a grating structure on the display panel 1, wherein the grating structure includes a first grating layer 4 and a second grating layer 5 stacked sequentially on the display panel 1. The first grating layer 4 includes a plurality of lens units 41 arranged in an array. The second grating layer 5 covers the lens units 41 on the first grating layer 4. The surface of the second grating layer 5 away from the first grating layer 4 is a continuous plane. The refractive index of the first grating layer 4 is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer 5. The grating structure also includes a light-shielding layer 3. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer 3 on the display panel 1 along the first direction x at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the interval area between adjacent lens units 41 on the display panel 1 along the first direction x. The first direction x is the direction from the second grating layer 5 to the first grating layer 4.

[0110] In some embodiments, step S200 includes the following steps:

[0111] Step 2110: As shown in Figure 1a, form alignment marks 2 on display panel 1;

[0112] Step 2120: As shown in Figure 1b, a light-shielding layer 3 is formed on the display panel 1 according to the alignment mark 2. The light-shielding layer 3 includes a plurality of spaced light-shielding blocks.

[0113] Step 2130: As shown in Figures 1c to 1e, a lens unit 41 is formed within the interval between adjacent light-blocking blocks;

[0114] Step 2140: As shown in Figure 1f, cover the lens unit 41 and the light-shielding block with the second grating layer 5.

[0115] In this embodiment, the grating structure is formed directly on the display panel 1 without the need for other auxiliary layers, which can improve the efficiency of the overall manufacturing process.

[0116] In some embodiments, step 2130 includes the following steps:

[0117] Step 2131: As shown in Figure 1c, a first photosensitive material layer 01 is formed within the interval between adjacent light-blocking blocks;

[0118] Step 2132: As shown in Figure 1d, the first photosensitive material layer 01 is patterned to form a grating transition pattern 02;

[0119] Step 2133: As shown in Figure 1e, perform ultraviolet light exposure processing on the grating transition pattern 02;

[0120] Step 2134: As shown in Figure 1e, the grating transition pattern 02 is subjected to low-temperature thermal reflow treatment at a temperature of 150°C or below to form multiple arrayed lens units 41.

[0121] In this embodiment, step 2133, through ultraviolet light exposure (bleaching), effectively improves the light transmittance of the first grating layer 4, causing cross-linking reactions of molecules in the coating material that affect transmittance, forming transparent molecules, and thus improving the transmittance of the coating material. Specifically, as shown in Figure 8, the light transmittance in the process without bleaching is significantly lower than that in the process with bleaching. Furthermore, in step 2134 of this embodiment, the grating structure is integrated on the display panel 1 under low-temperature conditions, avoiding the impact of high-temperature conditions on the internal structure of the display panel 1. For example, the material properties of the liquid crystal layer in an LCD and the EL layer in an OLED are affected under high-temperature conditions, causing damage to the entire display device. Therefore, this embodiment uses a temperature below 150℃ (greater than or equal to 100℃) for low-temperature thermal reflow treatment, solving the problem of lens fabrication being incompatible with the processes of flat panel display factory equipment. This improves the manufacturing process efficiency and enhances the 3D display effect.

[0122] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1d, the grating transition pattern 02 includes a plurality of grating modules. The grating modules include a symmetrical first part and a second part. The first part includes a plurality of sub-units in a stepped structure. The thickness of the plurality of sub-units gradually decreases along the direction from near the display panel 1 to away from the display panel 1.

[0123] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1d, the height h4 of the sub-unit is 0.5-0.9 μm and the width x1 is 0.7-1 μm. It should be noted that in some embodiments, there can be multiple sub-units, and the thickness of the multiple sub-units can be equal. For example, there are 15 sub-units, and the height of each sub-unit is 0.6 μm.

[0124] In some embodiments, the aperture deviation of the lens in the display device prepared using this embodiment is ≤ ±0.05 μm, TP is ≤ ±1.5 μm, and rotation deviation is ≤ 0.01°. This demonstrates the optimization effect of the preparation process in this embodiment.

[0125] In some embodiments, step S200 includes the following steps:

[0126] Step 2210: Provide lens substrate 6;

[0127] Step 2220: As shown in FIG2a, at least one alignment mark 2 is formed on the lens substrate 6;

[0128] Step 2230: As shown in Figure 2a, multiple light-shielding blocks are formed on the lens substrate 6 according to the alignment mark 2;

[0129] Step 2240: As shown in Figure 2b, a lens unit 41 is formed within the interval between adjacent light-blocking blocks;

[0130] Step 2250: As shown in Figure 2c, a second grating layer 5 is covered on the lens unit 41 and the light-shielding block to obtain a grating structure;

[0131] Step 2260: As shown in Figure 2d, the side of the grating structure closest to the lens substrate 6 is attached to the light-emitting side of the display panel 1.

[0132] In this embodiment, the fabrication method involves adding a lens substrate 6 to fabricate the grating structure separately before bonding it to the display panel 1. Although this increases the complexity of the fabrication process, it eliminates the temperature limitations during the grating structure fabrication process. Both high-temperature reflow (150°C and above, preferably 230°C) and low-temperature reflow (below 150°C) can achieve the integration of the grating structure onto the display panel 1. This results in fewer restrictions on process conditions.

[0133] In some embodiments, step S200 includes the following steps:

[0134] Step 2310: Provide lens substrate 6;

[0135] Step 2320: As shown in FIG3a, an array of lens units 41 and at least one alignment mark 2 are formed on the lens substrate 6.

[0136] Step 2330: As shown in Figure 3b, cover the lens unit 41 and the alignment mark 2 with the second grating layer 5;

[0137] Step 2340: As shown in Figure 3c, a light-shielding layer 3 is formed on the side of the second grating layer 5 away from the lens unit 41 to obtain the grating structure;

[0138] Step 2350: As shown in Figure 3d, the side of the grating structure closest to the lens substrate 6 is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel 1.

[0139] The preparation method in this embodiment adopts the method of first forming the first grating layer 4 and the second grating layer 5, and then forming the light-shielding layer 3. Its beneficial effects are the same as those in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] In some embodiments, step S2320 includes the following steps:

[0141] Step S2321: As shown in FIG4a, a first imprint template 8 is provided. The first imprint template 8 includes a substrate and a plurality of lens units 41 arranged in an array on the substrate and at least one alignment mark 2.

[0142] Step S2322: As shown in Figures 4b to 4c, an imprinting material is coated on the side of the first imprinting template 8 near the lens unit 41, so that the imprinting material forms the second imprinting template 9;

[0143] Step S2323: As shown in Figure 4d, a second photosensitive material layer 03 is formed on the lens substrate 6;

[0144] Step S2324: As shown in Figures 4d to 4e, after the second photosensitive material layer 03 on the lens substrate 6 is molded using the second imprinting template 9, an array of lens units 41 and at least one alignment mark 2 are formed, and then the mold is removed.

[0145] Traditional photolithography machines suffer from light diffraction, requiring precise calculations of the resulting deviations during design. This process necessitates working backwards to determine the necessary modifications to the template pattern to achieve the desired pattern. In contrast, the nanoimprinting technology presented in this embodiment, employing a two-stage molding process, achieves high pattern accuracy, reduces processing errors, enhances the precision of the grating structure on the display panel 1, and improves the 3D display effect.

[0146] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides another method for manufacturing a display device, comprising the following steps:

[0147] Step 100': Form display panel 1;

[0148] Step 200': A grating structure is formed on the display panel 1, wherein the grating structure includes a first grating layer 4 and a second grating layer 5 stacked sequentially on the display panel 1. The first grating layer 4 includes a planarization layer 42 covering the display panel 1 and a plurality of arrayed lens units 41 located on the side of the planarization layer 42 away from the display panel 1. The surface of the planarization layer 42 away from the lens units 41 is a continuous plane, and the planarization layer 42 and the lens units 41 are made of the same material. The second grating layer 5 covers the lens units 41 on the first grating layer 4. The surface of the second grating layer 5 away from the first grating layer 4 is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer 4 is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer 5.

[0149] In some embodiments, step 200' includes the following steps:

[0150] Step 210': As shown in Figure 5a, a lens substrate 6 is provided;

[0151] Step 220': As shown in FIG5a, at least one alignment mark 2 is formed on the lens substrate 6;

[0152] Step 230': As shown in Figure 5a, a second grating layer 5 is formed on the lens substrate 6 according to the alignment mark 2;

[0153] Step 240': As shown in Figure 5b, a first grating layer 4 is formed on the side of the second grating layer 5 away from the lens substrate 6 to obtain a grating structure;

[0154] Step 250': As shown in Figure 5c, the side of the grating structure closest to the first grating layer 4 is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel 1.

[0155] In some embodiments, step 230' includes the following steps:

[0156] Step 231': As shown in FIG6a, a third imprint template 10 is provided. The third imprint template 10 includes a substrate and a plurality of lens units 41 arranged in an array on the substrate, as well as at least one alignment mark 2.

[0157] Step 232': As shown in Figure 6a, a third photosensitive material layer 04 is formed on the lens substrate 6;

[0158] Step 233': As shown in Figures 6a to 6b, the third photosensitive material layer 04 on the lens substrate 6 is molded using the third imprinting template 10 to form the second grating layer 5, and then demolded.

[0159] In this embodiment, a nanoimprinting process with one-time molding is used to first form a second grating layer 5 with a recess, and then form a first grating layer 4. The first grating layer 4 includes an integrally formed planarization layer 42 and multiple arrayed lenses, which can avoid light leakage of the grating structure without the need for a light-shielding layer 3. Therefore, the display effect of the display device can be improved while simplifying the process.

[0160] In some embodiments, step 240' includes the following steps:

[0161] A fourth photosensitive material layer is formed on the side of the second grating layer 5 away from the lens substrate 6, and the side of the fourth photosensitive material layer away from the second grating layer 5 is a continuous plane.

[0162] In this embodiment, the side of the fourth photosensitive material layer away from the second grating layer 5 is a continuous plane, which can form a planarization layer 42 with a certain thickness, which is beneficial for light concentration.

[0163] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a method for manufacturing a display device, comprising the following steps:

[0164] Step 100”: As shown in Figure 7a, form display panel 1;

[0165] Step 200”: As shown in FIG7b, a light-shielding layer 3 and at least one alignment mark 2 are formed on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1;

[0166] Step 300”: As shown in Figures 7c to 7e, a grating structure is formed on the side of the light-shielding layer 3 away from the display panel 1. The grating structure includes a first grating layer 4 and a second grating layer 5. The first grating layer 4 includes a plurality of lens units 41 arranged in an array, with the convex surface of the lens units 41 facing the light-emitting side of the display panel 1. The second grating layer 5 is located between the first grating layer 4 and the display panel 1. The second grating layer 5 covers the lens units 41 on the first grating layer 4. The surface of the second grating layer 5 away from the first grating layer 4 is a continuous plane. The refractive index of the first grating layer 4 is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer 5.

[0167] In some embodiments, step 300 includes the following steps:

[0168] Step 310”: As shown in Figure 7c, a lens substrate 6 is provided;

[0169] Step 320”: As shown in FIG7c, an array of lens units 41 and at least one alignment mark 2 are formed on the lens substrate 6;

[0170] Step 330”: As shown in Figure 7d, cover the lens unit 41 and the alignment mark 2 with the second grating layer 5 to obtain the grating structure;

[0171] Step 340”: As shown in Figure 7e, the side of the grating structure closer to the second grating layer 5 is bonded to the side of the light-shielding layer 3 away from the display panel 1.

[0172] This embodiment also uses nanoimprint technology, and the selected template is a densely packed template. Therefore, it is different from the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, the convex surface of the lens faces the light-emitting side of the display panel 1, providing more application possibilities in different scenarios.

[0173] It should be noted that the 3D display device can be any device that displays images, whether moving (e.g., video) or fixed (e.g., still images), and whether it contains text or images. More specifically, the intended embodiments can be implemented in or associated with a variety of electronic devices, such as (but not limited to) mobile phones, wireless devices, personal data assistants (PDAs), handheld or portable computers, GPS receivers / navigators, cameras, MP4 video players, camcorders, game consoles, watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat panel displays, computer monitors, automotive displays (e.g., odometer displays, etc.), navigators, cockpit controllers and / or displays, displays of camera views (e.g., displays of rearview cameras in vehicles), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging and aesthetic structures (e.g., displays of images of a piece of jewelry), etc.

[0174] The above embodiments of this application can complement each other without causing conflict.

[0175] It should be noted that the dimensions of layers and regions may be exaggerated in the accompanying drawings for clarity. Furthermore, it is understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on" another element or layer, it can be directly on the other element, or there may be intermediate layers. Additionally, it is understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "below" another element or layer, it can be directly below the other element, or there may be more than one intermediate layer or element. Furthermore, it is also understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being "between" two layers or two elements, it can be the only layer between the two layers or two elements, or there may be more than one intermediate layer or element. Similar reference numerals throughout indicate similar elements.

[0176] The terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0177] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0178] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the claims.

[0179] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, The display panel includes a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel, the grating structure comprising: A first grating layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the first grating layer includes a plurality of lens units arranged in an array; A second grating layer is disposed on the side of the first grating layer away from the display panel, covering the lens unit on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer on the side away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer. A light-shielding layer, wherein the orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer on the display panel along a first direction at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the spacing region between adjacent lens units on the display panel along the first direction, wherein the first direction is the direction in which the second grating layer points to the first grating layer.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-shielding layer is disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the light-shielding layer is located in the interval area between adjacent lens units. The size of the light-shielding layer along the first direction is smaller than the maximum size of the lens unit along the first direction.

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dimension of the light-shielding layer along the first direction is one-fiftieth to one-tenth of the maximum dimension of the lens unit along the first direction.

4. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer, and the dimension of the light-shielding layer along the first direction is smaller than the minimum dimension of the second grating layer along the first direction.

5. The display device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dimension of the light-shielding layer along the first direction is one-fiftieth to one-tenth of the minimum dimension of the second grating layer along the first direction.

6. A display device, characterized in that, The display panel includes a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel, the grating structure comprising: A first grating layer is disposed on the surface of the light-emitting side of the display panel. The first grating layer includes a planarization layer covering the display panel and a plurality of lens units arranged in an array on the side of the planarization layer away from the display panel. The surface of the planarization layer away from the lens units is a continuous plane, and the planarization layer and the lens units are made of the same material. The second grating layer is disposed on the side of the first grating layer away from the display panel, covering the lens unit on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer on the side away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer.

7. The display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multiple lens units and the planarization layer are relatively independent structures; Alternatively, multiple lens units may be integrally formed with the planarization layer.

8. A display device, characterized in that, Includes a display panel and a grating structure disposed on the light-emitting side of the display panel, wherein, The grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer; the first grating layer includes multiple... The array of lens units has its convex surface facing the light-emitting side of the display panel; the second grating layer is located between the first grating layer and the display panel, the second grating layer covers the lens units on the first grating layer, the surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer. The display device further includes a light-shielding layer located on the light-emitting side of the display panel. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer onto the display panel along a first direction at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the space between adjacent lens units onto the display panel along the first direction, where the first direction is the direction from the second grating layer to the first grating layer.

9. A method for manufacturing a display device, characterized in that, include: Form a display panel; A grating structure is formed on the display panel, wherein the grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer stacked sequentially on the display panel. The first grating layer includes a plurality of lens units arranged in an array. The second grating layer covers the lens units on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane. The refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer. The grating structure also includes a light-shielding layer. The orthographic projection of the light-shielding layer on the display panel along a first direction at least partially covers the orthographic projection of the interval region between adjacent lens units on the display panel along the first direction, where the first direction is the direction from the second grating layer to the first grating layer.

10. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of forming a grating structure on the display panel includes: Alignment marks are formed on the display panel; A light-shielding layer is formed on the display panel according to the alignment mark, the light-shielding layer comprising a plurality of spaced light-shielding blocks; The lens unit is formed within the interval between adjacent light-shielding blocks; The second grating layer is covered on the lens unit and the light-shielding block.

11. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The process of forming the lens unit within the interval between adjacent light-shielding blocks includes: A first photosensitive material layer is formed within the interval between adjacent light-shielding blocks; The first photosensitive material layer is patterned to form a grating transition pattern; The grating transition pattern is subjected to ultraviolet light exposure processing; The grating transition pattern is subjected to low-temperature thermal reflow treatment at temperatures of 150°C and below to form multiple arrayed lens units.

12. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of forming a grating structure on the display panel includes: Provide lens substrate; At least one alignment mark is formed on the lens substrate; Multiple light-shielding blocks are formed in an array on the lens substrate according to the alignment marks; The lens unit is formed within the interval between adjacent light-shielding blocks; The grating structure is obtained by covering the lens unit and the light-shielding block with the second grating layer. The grating structure is positioned between the side of the lens substrate and the light-emitting side of the display panel. Fits perfectly.

13. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of forming a grating structure on the display panel includes: Provide lens substrate; The lens units arranged in an array and at least one alignment mark are formed on the lens substrate; The second grating layer is covered on the lens unit and the alignment mark; A light-shielding layer is formed on the side of the second grating layer away from the lens unit to obtain the grating structure; The side of the grating structure closest to the lens substrate is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel.

14. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The lens units arranged in an array on the lens substrate and at least one alignment mark include: A first imprint template is provided, the first imprint template including a substrate and a plurality of lens units arranged in an array on the substrate and at least one alignment mark; An embossing material is coated on the side of the first embossing template closest to the lens unit, so that the embossing material forms a second embossing template; A second photosensitive material layer is formed on the lens substrate; After the second photosensitive material layer on the lens substrate is molded using the second imprinting template, the lens units arranged in an array and at least one alignment mark are formed, and then the mold is removed.

15. A method for manufacturing a display device, characterized in that, include: Form a display panel; A grating structure is formed on the display panel, wherein the grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer stacked sequentially on the display panel. The first grating layer includes a planarization layer covering the display panel and a plurality of lens units arranged in an array on the side of the planarization layer away from the display panel. The surface of the planarization layer away from the lens units is a continuous plane, and the planarization layer and the lens units are made of the same material. The second grating layer covers the lens units on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer.

16. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 15, characterized in that, The process of forming a grating structure on the display panel includes: Provide lens substrate; At least one alignment mark is formed on the lens substrate; The second grating layer is formed on the lens substrate according to the alignment mark; The first grating layer is formed on the side of the second grating layer away from the lens substrate to obtain the grating structure; The side of the grating structure closest to the first grating layer is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel.

17. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The step of forming the second grating layer on the lens substrate according to the alignment mark includes: A third imprinting template is provided, the third imprinting template including a substrate and a substrate disposed on the substrate. Multiple lens units arranged in an array and at least one alignment mark; A third photosensitive material layer is formed on the lens substrate; The second grating layer is formed by molding the third photosensitive material layer on the lens substrate using the third imprinting template, and then demolded.

18. A method for manufacturing a display device, characterized in that, include: Form a display panel; A light-shielding layer and at least one alignment mark are formed on the light-emitting side of the display panel; A grating structure is formed on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the display panel. The grating structure includes a first grating layer and a second grating layer. The first grating layer includes a plurality of lens units arranged in an array, with the convex surface of the lens units facing the light-emitting side of the display panel. The second grating layer is located between the first grating layer and the display panel, and covers the lens units on the first grating layer. The surface of the second grating layer away from the first grating layer is a continuous plane, and the refractive index of the first grating layer is greater than the refractive index of the second grating layer.

19. The method for manufacturing a display device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The step of forming a grating structure on the side of the light-shielding layer away from the display panel includes: Provide lens substrate; The lens units arranged in an array and at least one alignment mark are formed on the lens substrate; The second grating layer is covered over the lens unit and the alignment mark to obtain the grating structure; The side of the grating structure closest to the second grating layer is bonded to the side of the light-shielding layer furthest from the display panel.

Images