Energy-saving and environmentally-friendly intelligent thermal insulation air chamber for cold-region tunnel, and arrangement method therefor

Abstract

An energy-saving and environmentally-friendly intelligent thermal insulation air chamber for a cold-region tunnel, and an arrangement method therefor, which air chamber and arrangement method belong to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The thermal insulation air chamber comprises an air curtain assembly (10) which is used for generating a thermal buffer zone to prevent external low-temperature airflows from entering a tunnel, a temperature regulation assembly (20) which is used for regulating the temperature in the thermal insulation air chamber, a sensor assembly (30) which is used for controlling the air curtain assembly (10) and the temperature regulation assembly (20) in real time on the basis of environment data, a controller assembly (40), and a power source assembly.

Description

An energy-saving and environmentally friendly cold-region tunnel intelligent insulation air chamber and its setting method

[0001] Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to an energy-saving and environment-friendly intelligent heat-insulating air chamber for cold-region tunnels and a setting method thereof. Background Art

[0003] In addition to the common engineering problems encountered in tunnels in general areas, tunnel projects in high-altitude and cold regions also face unique frost damage issues. The fundamental cause of frost damage is the intrusion of low-temperature natural airflow into the tunnel in winter, which causes significant changes in the temperature field inside the tunnel. Combined with the freezing effect of groundwater, this threatens the safety of the structure and causes serious consequences. Judging from the cause of frost damage, the most effective way to avoid tunnel frost damage is to isolate the air inside and outside the tunnel and maintain the temperature inside the tunnel above the freezing point. To achieve this goal, air curtain systems have gradually become popular in tunnels in cold regions. The air curtain system uses fans and heat engines to generate airflow with higher wind speeds and temperatures, forming an air curtain wall to resist the intrusion of natural low-temperature winds, which can achieve excellent insulation effects. At present, domestic scholars have proposed a series of air curtain systems that can be used in cold-region tunnels, such as a cold-region tunnel air curtain insulation and heating system disclosed in the patent specification ZL201610955084.3, a new cold-region tunnel portal front-end insulation system device disclosed in the patent specification ZL202111065527.9, and a cold-region high-speed rail tunnel micro-pressure wave relief and cold-proof insulation system disclosed in the patent specification ZL202210215697.9.

[0004] The above-mentioned air curtain system has a certain positive effect on alleviating the frost damage problem, but the following problems may still exist: 1. The above-mentioned structures are all built outside the tunnel entrance and require additional protective sheds to operate. They are also easily restricted by the terrain conditions outside the tunnel, and their adaptability to tunnels in cold areas needs to be improved; 2. Common air curtain systems often use vertical wind curtains from top to bottom. In some large-section tunnels, the air curtain cannot cover the entire section. When the natural wind speed is high, a large amount of cold air will still enter the bottom of the tunnel, and the effect of the air curtain will be affected; 3. The high-temperature airflow ejected by the air curtain is generated by heating the low-temperature air. However, the heated airflow directly enters the atmosphere after being ejected and cannot be reused. Therefore, the long-term operation of the air curtain will consume a lot of energy and fail to reflect the concept of green environmental protection.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a high-efficiency, low-energy treatment method for tunnel frost damage and improve the energy-saving and environmental protection characteristics of anti-freeze measures. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly intelligent thermal insulation air chamber for cold-region tunnels, which has good thermal insulation effect and reduces heated air loss, and a method for setting it up.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly intelligent thermal insulation air chamber for cold-region tunnels. The thermal insulation air chamber is arranged at the tunnel portal position. The thermal insulation air chamber has an inner side and an outer side that are opposite to each other. The thermal insulation air chamber includes:

[0009] An air curtain assembly, the air curtain assembly comprising an outer air curtain and an inner air curtain, wherein a heat-insulating cavity is formed between the outer air curtain and the inner air curtain;

[0010] A temperature regulating assembly, the temperature regulating assembly comprising a temperature regulating device and a plurality of air inlets and air outlets connected to the temperature regulating device;

[0011] A sensor assembly, comprising a weather monitor disposed outside the tunnel and a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a speed sensor disposed inside the tunnel;

[0012] A controller component, the controller component including an intelligent control system, the intelligent control system being electrically connected to the weather monitor, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, and the speed sensor respectively;

[0013] A power supply assembly is used to supply energy to the air curtain assembly, temperature adjustment assembly, sensor assembly and controller assembly.

[0014] Optionally or preferably, the outer wind curtain includes a first air supply outlet and a first return air outlet, and the inner wind curtain includes a second air supply outlet and a second return air outlet; the first return air outlet and the second air supply outlet, and the second return air outlet and the first air supply outlet are respectively connected through the thermal insulation airflow pipe one and the thermal insulation airflow pipe two.

[0015] Optionally or preferably, the temperature regulating device is connected to the outside of the tunnel through the thermal insulation air flow pipe three and the thermal insulation air flow pipe four respectively.

[0016] Optionally or preferably, the power supply component is a photovoltaic solar component.

[0017] A method for setting up an energy-saving and environmentally friendly cold-region tunnel intelligent insulation air chamber includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Based on different tunnels, use a 3D laser scanner to measure the actual size of the tunnel lining and determine the sizes of the outer air curtain, the inner air curtain, and the temperature control device;

[0019] S2. Prefabricate the outer air curtain, inner air curtain, and temperature control device according to the above dimensions and assemble them on site;

[0020] S3. Installing the first air supply vent and the first air return vent along the tunnel lining contour on the outside of the tunnel entrance section to form an outer air curtain; installing the second air supply vent and the second air return vent along the tunnel lining contour on the inside of the tunnel entrance section to form an inner air curtain, so that a heat-insulating cavity is formed between the inner and outer air curtains;

[0021] S4, connecting the first air supply outlet and the second air return outlet through the heat preservation air flow pipe 1; connecting the first air return outlet and the second air supply outlet through the heat preservation air flow pipe 2;

[0022] S5. Install a temperature regulating device on the top of the insulation cavity and connect insulation airflow pipe 3 and insulation airflow pipe 4 so that the insulation airflow pipe 3 and insulation airflow pipe 4 are connected to the outside of the tunnel;

[0023] S6. Setting a sensor assembly and a controller assembly, and connecting the controller assembly with the sensor assembly, the air curtain assembly, and the temperature adjustment assembly; the controller assembly receives signals from the sensor assembly and sends instructions to the air curtain assembly and the temperature adjustment assembly.

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can produce at least the following technical effects:

[0025] The present invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly intelligent thermal insulation air chamber for cold-region tunnels and a method for installing the chamber. The chamber can be installed directly at the tunnel entrance, eliminating the need for an additional protective shed and unrestricted by terrain outside the tunnel, thus having a wide range of applications. Furthermore, photovoltaic solar panels can be installed near the tunnel entrance, fully utilizing natural energy as a power reserve.

[0026] The insulated air chamber forms three airflow defense lines at the tunnel entrance: the airflow isolation defense line formed by the first air supply and return air outlets, the temperature buffer defense line formed by the high-temperature air mass ejected from the temperature control device through the air outlet in the insulation cavity, and the airflow regulation defense line formed by the second air supply and return air outlets.

[0027] The air curtain assembly forms a hot air circulation between the air supply and return outlets. The temperature adjustment assembly fully utilizes the high-temperature air inside the thermal insulation air chamber and reuses it, which can effectively improve the air conditioning efficiency of the thermal insulation air chamber and fully embodies the concept of green environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0028] Through the sensor components and controller components, the functions of heat preservation, pressure maintenance, temperature regulation, pressure regulation, and speed regulation can be realized in the heat-insulating air chamber. The range of temperature regulation, speed regulation, and pressure regulation is wide, and based on real-time monitoring data, the working parameters of each component can be intelligently controlled, thereby achieving efficient prevention of tunnel disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the energy-saving and environmentally friendly cold region tunnel intelligent insulation air chamber of the present invention;

[0030] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the operating state of the energy-saving and environmentally friendly cold region tunnel intelligent insulation air chamber of the present invention;

[0031] FIG3 is a functional diagram of the intelligent control system in the energy-saving and environment-friendly cold region tunnel intelligent insulation air chamber of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 10, air curtain assembly; 101, first air supply outlet; 102, first return air outlet; 103, second air supply outlet; 104, second return air outlet; 105, thermal insulation air flow pipe 1; 106, thermal insulation air flow pipe 2; 20, temperature adjustment assembly; 201, temperature adjustment device; 202, air inlet; 203, air outlet; 204, thermal insulation air flow pipe 3; 205, thermal insulation air flow pipe 4; 30, sensor assembly; 301, meteorological detector; 302, temperature sensor; 303, pressure sensor; 304, speed sensor; 40, controller assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2, which show an energy-saving and environmentally friendly intelligent thermal insulation air chamber for cold-region tunnels. It is set at the tunnel portal and is a three-dimensional structure set along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel with a certain length. Its setting length can be adaptively adjusted according to actual work needs; Figure 2 shows the air flow direction under actual working conditions through arrows.

[0036] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned insulated air warehouse includes an air curtain assembly 10 for generating an air defense line to prevent external low-temperature airflow from entering the tunnel, a temperature regulating assembly 20 for regulating the air temperature inside the insulated air warehouse, a sensor assembly 30 for controlling the above-mentioned air curtain assembly 10 and the temperature regulating assembly 20 in real time according to environmental data, a controller assembly 40 and a power supply assembly.

[0037] Specifically, the air curtain assembly 10 includes an outer air curtain arranged on the outside of the tunnel portal and an inner air curtain arranged on the inside of the tunnel portal, and an insulation cavity is formed between the outer air curtain and the inner air curtain. It can be understood that the outer side and the inner side of the outer air curtain and the inner air curtain in this embodiment refer to the side close to the external environment relative to one side of the tunnel opening, and the side away from the external environment is the inner side.

[0038] The above-mentioned outer air curtain assembly includes a first air supply port 101 and a first air return port 102, and the inner air curtain includes a second air supply port 103 and a second air return port 104; the above-mentioned first air supply port 101 and the first return air port 102 are installed on the outside of the tunnel entrance section along the tunnel lining contour and form an outer air curtain; the above-mentioned second air supply port 103 and the second return air port 104 are installed on the inside of the tunnel entrance section along the tunnel lining contour and form an inner air curtain, and an insulation cavity is formed between the above-mentioned inner air curtain and the outer air curtain. The outer air curtain can form an airflow isolation line to prevent low-temperature airflow outside the tunnel from entering the interior and causing damage, and the inner air curtain can form an airflow adjustment line, which further improves the insulation effect of the insulation air compartment and prevents the entry of low-temperature air into the tunnel.

[0039] In actual operation, the first air supply port 101 and the second air supply port 103 are used to eject high-speed airflow with a temperature higher than the outside temperature, and the first air return port 102 and the second air return port 104 are used to inhale low-temperature air and the airflow from the first air supply port 101 and the second air supply port 103.

[0040] The specific geometric design schemes of the outer and inner air curtains can be determined with the help of a three-dimensional laser scanner, and their overall shapes can be adaptively selected in combination with the shape and size of the tunnel entrance.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first return air outlet 102 and the second air supply outlet 103, as well as the second return air outlet 104 and the first air supply outlet 101 are connected respectively through the thermal insulation airflow pipe 105 and the thermal insulation airflow pipe 2 106; in actual work, the high-temperature airflow from the first air supply outlet 101 and the second air supply outlet 103 can be reused through the above-mentioned thermal insulation airflow pipe 105 and the thermal insulation airflow pipe 2 106, and after reheating, they are respectively sent out through the second return air outlet 104 and the first return air outlet 102, and the internal circulation of the airflow is formed by mutual cooperation, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the thermal insulation air warehouse.

[0042] In this embodiment, the temperature regulating assembly 20 includes a temperature regulating device 201, which is arranged at the top of the thermal insulation air warehouse. A plurality of air outlets 203 are arranged at the bottom of the temperature regulating device 201, and a plurality of air inlets 202 are arranged in the middle. The temperature regulating device 201 can reheat the air from the air inlet 202 and discharge it from the bottom air outlet 203 to regulate the temperature in the thermal insulation air warehouse and maintain it at a higher value. The heating temperature can be adjusted according to actual work.

[0043] Furthermore, the temperature control device 201 is connected to the outside of the tunnel via the third and fourth heat-insulating airflow pipes 204 and 205, respectively. During operation, when the ambient temperature outside the tunnel is high, the third and fourth heat-insulating airflow pipes 204 and 205 draw the high-temperature airflow into the heat-insulating air chamber for circulation. This naturally generated high-temperature airflow reduces the heat loss required by the heating device inside the heat-insulating air chamber when the ambient temperature is low.

[0044] In this embodiment, the sensor assembly includes a meteorological monitor 301 arranged outside the tunnel and a temperature sensor 302, a pressure sensor 303 and a speed sensor 304 arranged inside the tunnel; the meteorological monitor 301 is used to monitor the wind speed, wind direction and temperature outside the tunnel in real time, and feed back to the controller assembly 40; a plurality of temperature sensors 302 can be set and arranged respectively inside the insulated air bin, the tunnel entrance section and the middle of the tunnel to monitor the real-time temperature of the insulated air bin and multiple points in the tunnel in real time and feed back to the controller assembly 40; the pressure sensor 303 and the speed sensor 304 can be set inside the tunnel to monitor the wind speed and pressure values ​​in the tunnel in real time, and feed back to the controller assembly 40 in real time.

[0045] The controller component 40 includes an intelligent control system, which is electrically connected to the above-mentioned meteorological monitor 301, temperature sensor 302, pressure sensor 303 and speed sensor 304 respectively; the intelligent control system 3 is arranged inside the insulated air warehouse, and is used to monitor, analyze and control the operating status of each component. Specifically, based on real-time monitoring data, it can output the operating parameters of each component of the insulated air warehouse that meets the anti-freeze requirements and has the lowest energy consumption, and issue instructions to each component; the intelligent control system should enter relevant design data for the layout of the air insulation warehouse tunnel in advance, including but not limited to tunnel cross-sectional dimensions, length, design speed and other information; the intelligent control system should be pre-set with wind speed and pressure thresholds. When the monitoring data of the corresponding sensor component exceeds the set threshold, the intelligent control system can increase or decrease the power of the air curtain component 10 or the temperature adjustment component 20 according to actual needs.

[0046] The power supply assembly is used to supply energy to the air curtain assembly 10, the temperature adjustment assembly 20, the sensor assembly 30 and the controller assembly 40; in this embodiment, the power supply assembly can be a photovoltaic solar assembly, and in other embodiments, the power supply assembly can be other power supply devices other than the photovoltaic solar assembly.

[0047] Please refer to FIG3 , which shows a schematic diagram of the system functions of the intelligent control system. The intelligent control system can transmit real-time monitoring data from the sensor component 30 to send instructions to the air curtain component 10 and the temperature adjustment component 20 to meet the preset conditions.

[0048] The present invention also proposes a method for setting up the energy-saving and environmentally friendly cold region tunnel intelligent insulation air chamber, comprising the following steps:

[0049] S1. Based on different tunnels, a 3D laser scanner is used to measure the actual size of the tunnel lining to determine the size of the outer air curtain, the inner air curtain, and the temperature adjustment device 201;

[0050] S2. Prefabricate the outer air curtain, inner air curtain and temperature adjustment device 201 according to the above dimensions and assemble them on site;

[0051] S3. Install the first air supply vent 101 and the first air return vent 102 along the tunnel lining contour on the outside of the tunnel entrance section to form an outer air curtain; install the second air supply vent 103 and the second air return vent 104 along the tunnel lining contour on the inside of the tunnel entrance section to form an inner air curtain, so that a heat-insulating cavity is formed between the inner and outer air curtains;

[0052] S4. Connect the first air supply port 101 and the second air return port 104 through the heat preservation air flow pipe 105; connect the first air return port 102 and the second air supply port 103 through the heat preservation air flow pipe 2 106;

[0053] S5. Install a temperature regulating device 201 on the top of the insulation cavity and connect the insulation airflow pipe 3 204 and the insulation airflow pipe 4 205 so that the insulation airflow pipe 3 204 and the insulation airflow pipe 4 205 are connected to the outside of the tunnel;

[0054] S6. Set up a sensor component 30 and a controller component 40, and connect the controller component 40 to the sensor component 30, the air curtain component 10 and the temperature adjustment component 20; the controller component 40 receives signals from the sensor component 30 and sends instructions to the air curtain component 10 and the temperature adjustment component 20.

[0055] After the heat preservation air chamber is set up by the above method, the controller component 40 can receive the real-time monitoring data from the sensor component 30 and send adjustment instructions to the air curtain component 1 and the temperature adjustment component 20.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "mounted / connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0057] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and environmentally friendly cold-region tunnel intelligent insulation air chamber, characterized in that: The heat preservation air chamber is arranged at the tunnel portal position, and the heat preservation air chamber has an inner side and an outer side opposite to each other, and the heat preservation air chamber comprises: An air curtain assembly (10), the air curtain assembly (10) comprising an outer air curtain and an inner air curtain, a heat preservation cavity being formed between the outer air curtain and the inner air curtain; A temperature adjustment component (20), the temperature adjustment component (20) comprising a temperature adjustment device (201) and a plurality of air inlets (202) and air outlets (203) connected to the temperature adjustment device (201); A sensor assembly (30), the sensor assembly (30) comprising a meteorological monitor (301) arranged outside the tunnel, and a temperature sensor (302), a pressure sensor (303), and a speed sensor (304) arranged inside the tunnel; A controller component (40), the controller component (40) comprising an intelligent control system, the intelligent control system being electrically connected to the meteorological monitor (301), the temperature sensor (302), the pressure sensor (303), and the speed sensor (304) respectively; A power supply component, the power supply component is used to supply energy to the air curtain component (10), the temperature adjustment component (20), the sensor component (30) and the controller component (40).

2. The energy-saving and environment-friendly cold region tunnel intelligent heat preservation air chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer wind curtain comprises a first air supply port (101) and a first air return port (102), and the inner wind curtain comprises a second air supply port (103) and a second air return port (104); the first air return port (102) and the second air supply port (103), and the second air return port (104) and the first air supply port (101) are respectively connected via a first heat preservation air flow pipe (105) and a second heat preservation air flow pipe (106).

3. The energy-saving and environment-friendly cold-region tunnel intelligent heat preservation air chamber according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The temperature regulating device (201) is connected to the outside of the tunnel through the heat preservation air flow pipe three (204) and the heat preservation air flow pipe four (205).

4. The energy-saving and environment-friendly cold region tunnel intelligent heat preservation air chamber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power supply component is a photovoltaic solar component.

5. A method for setting up an energy-saving and environment-friendly cold-region tunnel intelligent insulation air chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Based on different tunnels, a three-dimensional laser scanner is used to measure the actual size of the tunnel lining, and the size of the outer air curtain, the inner air curtain and the temperature regulating device (201) is determined; S2. Prefabricate the outer air curtain, the inner air curtain and the temperature regulating device (201) according to the above dimensions and assemble them on site; S3, installing the first air supply port (101) and the first air return port (102) on the outside of the tunnel entrance section along the tunnel lining contour to form an outer air curtain; installing the second air supply port (103) and the second air return port (104) on the inside of the tunnel entrance section along the tunnel lining contour to form an inner air curtain, so that a heat preservation cavity is formed between the inner air curtain and the outer air curtain; S4, connecting the first air supply port (101) and the second air return port (104) via the heat preservation air flow pipe 1 (105); connecting the first air return port (102) and the second air supply port (103) via the heat preservation air flow pipe 2 (106); S5. Install a temperature regulating device (201) on the top of the heat-insulating cavity and connect the heat-insulating airflow pipe three (204) and the heat-insulating airflow pipe four (205) so that the heat-insulating airflow pipe three (204) and the heat-insulating airflow pipe four (205) are connected to the outside of the tunnel; S6. Setting a sensor component (30) and a controller component (40), and connecting the controller component (40) to the sensor component (30), the air curtain component (10), and the temperature adjustment component (20); the controller component (40) receives a signal from the sensor component (30) and issues instructions to the air curtain component (10) and the temperature adjustment component (20).

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