River crossing pipeline and installation method therefor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of oil and gas pipeline tunnel design. Disclosed are a river crossing pipeline and an installation method therefor. The installation method comprises: S1, respectively excavating a deep vertical shaft and a shallow vertical shaft on two sides of the river, and excavating a tunnel between the deep vertical shaft and the shallow vertical shaft, wherein the tunnel comprises a horizontal section directly communicated with the deep vertical shaft and an ascending section directly communicated with the shallow vertical shaft; and S2, excavating a first trench on the side of the shallow vertical shaft facing away from the river, and conveying a welded main pipeline into the tunnel from one side of the shallow vertical shaft through the first trench, so that a first end of the main pipeline reaches the deep vertical shaft. By means of the technical solution, the main pipeline is allowed to be conveyed into the tunnel after being welded on the ground, so that the fully-automatic welding efficiency of pipelines is improved, the construction period is shortened, and the welding construction space does not need to be arranged in the tunnel, thereby shortening the construction period of tunnel excavation, and reducing the engineering cost.

Description

Pipelines crossing rivers and their installation methods

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of Chinese patent application No. 202311196091.6 filed on September 15, 2023, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to the field of oil and gas pipeline tunnel design, in particular to a pipeline crossing a river, and to an installation method for the pipeline crossing a river. Background Art

[0004] When shield tunneling is used to transport long-distance oil and gas pipelines across rivers, shield shafts are typically set up on both sides of the river. The launch shaft is used for launching the shield, lowering the pipeline, and transporting materials, while the receiving shaft is used for receiving the shield, disassembling and lifting out the pipeline, or pulling it back. After the shield tunnel civil engineering is completed and accepted, pipeline installation is required.

[0005] There are generally two ways to install pipelines in shield tunnels that have been built: one is to weld the pipelines in the tunnel. After the installation of the tunnel lane pipelines is completed, the hot-bent pipe compensators are installed in the shield shaft, and then the joints are welded with the tunnel lanes and the ground pipelines outside the shaft. The second is to weld the pipelines in the shaft. Generally, the pipelines are hoisted down from the side of the starting shaft. The pipelines are fully automatically welded, non-destructively tested, and anti-corrosion patched in the starting shaft. A traction device is set up in the receiving shaft to traction and drag the pipelines toward the receiving shaft. Every time a pipeline is welded in the starting shaft, the receiving shaft side drags the pipeline once. This process repeats to complete the fully automatic welding and installation of the pipelines in the shield tunnel lanes, and then the hot-bent pipe compensators are installed in the shaft, which is similar to the first method.

[0006] To ensure pipeline welding quality and enhance pipeline construction safety, construction companies explicitly require fully automated welding for pipelines, unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, in Method 2, fully automated welding, nondestructive testing, and anti-corrosion patching are performed within the originating shaft of the oil and gas pipeline. A winch is installed within the receiving shaft to haul the pipeline toward the receiving shaft.

[0007] However, the above pipeline installation schemes have the following problems: For scheme one, since the pipeline is welded in the tunnel, which is a confined space, the welding and installation efficiency is low. For the D1422 pipeline, only 6 to 7 welding joints can be completed in a day (24 hours). For scheme two, the pipeline needs to be hoisted down the well by a gantry crane from the ground. Only one pipeline can be welded at a time in the starting shaft. Non-destructive testing and patching are then carried out. Only after passing the acceptance test can the pipeline be pulled. Construction can only be carried out sequentially, and the construction period is long. For the D1422 pipeline, the welding efficiency is only 1.5 to 2 welding joints / day. In addition, the receiving shaft is buried deep, the shaft construction period is long, and the project cost is high.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of long construction period and high construction cost of river crossing pipelines in the prior art.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides, on one hand, a method for installing a pipeline crossing a river, which comprises:

[0011] S1. Dig a first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft on both sides of a river, wherein the second vertical shaft is a shallow vertical shaft, and dig a tunnel between the first vertical shaft and the shallow vertical shaft, wherein the tunnel includes a horizontal section and an ascending section directly connected to the shallow vertical shaft;

[0012] S2. Dig a first tunnel on the side of the shallow vertical shaft facing away from the river, and transport the welded main pipe from one side of the shallow vertical shaft to the tunnel through the first tunnel, so that the first end of the main pipe reaches the first vertical shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first vertical shaft is a deep vertical shaft to achieve vertical compensation of the pipeline; and the horizontal section is directly connected to the deep vertical shaft.

[0014] In some embodiments, further comprising:

[0015] S3. Install a vertical compensator in the deep shaft, and connect the lower end of the vertical compensator to the first end of the main pipeline.

[0016] In some embodiments, further comprising:

[0017] S4. Dig a compensation tunnel connected to the first tunnel, set a horizontal compensator in the compensation tunnel, and connect the horizontal compensator to the second end of the main pipeline.

[0018] In some embodiments, S3 further includes: digging a second tunnel on a side of the deep shaft facing away from the river, setting a first horizontal pipeline in the second tunnel, and connecting the upper end of the vertical compensator to the first horizontal pipeline.

[0019] In some embodiments, a first fixing pier for fixing the first horizontal pipe is provided in the second tunnel.

[0020] In some embodiments, a limiting bracket supporting the vertical compensator is provided in the deep shaft; and / or the vertical compensator is coated with a flexible material.

[0021] In some embodiments, a sealing structure is provided around a connection between the vertical compensator and the main pipe at a connection point between the deep shaft and the tunnel.

[0022] In some embodiments, a second horizontal pipe communicating with the horizontal compensator is provided in the compensation tunnel, and a second fixing pier for fixing the second horizontal pipe is provided.

[0023] In some embodiments, a track is provided in the tunnel, and a pipeline transportation device capable of moving on the track is provided, and the main pipeline is carried by the pipeline transportation device to move in the tunnel.

[0024] In some embodiments, the ascending section includes an arc section and a slope section.

[0025] In some embodiments, the curvature radius of the arc segment should meet the requirements of pipeline elastic laying stress, pipe segment bending and sealing, and smooth driving of pipeline transportation equipment, and is generally greater than or equal to 1500 times the outer diameter of the main pipeline; and / or, the slope of the slope section is less than or equal to 5%.

[0026] In some embodiments, the shallow shaft has a depth of less than 5 meters.

[0027] In some embodiments, water is injected into the tunnel and the deep shaft and the shallow shaft are backfilled.

[0028] In addition, this solution also provides a river crossing pipeline, wherein the river crossing pipeline is installed by the river crossing pipeline installation method described in the above solution.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, the main pipeline can be transported to the tunnel after welding on the ground, which improves the efficiency of fully automatic pipeline welding, shortens the construction period, eliminates the need to set up welding construction space in the tunnel, reduces the tunnel excavation period, and reduces the project cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tunnel, pipeline, etc. according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the tunnel, pipeline, etc. described in the embodiment of this scheme;

[0032] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep vertical shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the compensation tunnel described in an embodiment of this scheme.

[0035] Explanation of Reference Numerals 1 Tunnel 2 Deep vertical shaft 3 Shallow vertical shaft 4 Vertical compensator 5 Main pipeline 6 Horizontal compensator 7 First fixed pier 8 Second fixed pier 9 Limiting bracket 10 Track 11 Pipeline transportation device 12 First horizontal pipeline 13 Second horizontal pipeline 1-1 Horizontal section 1-2 Arc section 1-3 Slope section DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following embodiments of the present disclosure are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following examples and the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather includes all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

[0037] The present disclosure provides these embodiments in order to make this disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as limiting.

[0038] It should be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means greater than or equal to two; terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicating directions or positional relationships are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of this disclosure, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Perpendicular" does not mean perpendicular in the strict sense, but rather means within the tolerance range. "Parallel" does not mean parallel in the strict sense, but rather means within the tolerance range. "Include" or "comprising" and similar terms mean that the elements preceding the term include the elements listed after the term, and do not exclude the possibility of also including other elements.

[0040] It should also be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intervening device between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0041] All terms used in this disclosure have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in, for example, common dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or highly formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0042] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This solution provides a method for installing a pipeline crossing a river, which includes:

[0045] S1. A first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft are excavated on both sides of a river, wherein the second vertical shaft is a shallow vertical shaft 3. A tunnel 1 is excavated between the first vertical shaft and the shallow vertical shaft 3. The tunnel 1 includes a horizontal section 1-1 and an ascending section directly connected to the shallow vertical shaft 3.

[0046] S2. Dig a first tunnel on the side of the shallow vertical shaft 3 facing away from the river, and transport the welded main pipe 5 from one side of the shallow vertical shaft 3 to the tunnel 1 through the first tunnel, so that the first end of the main pipe 5 reaches the first vertical shaft.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first vertical shaft is a deep vertical shaft 2, and the horizontal section 1-1 is directly connected to the deep vertical shaft 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the first vertical shaft can also be a shallow vertical shaft 3, that is, both sides of the river are shallow vertical shafts 3, and both ends of the horizontal section 1-1 are respectively provided with rising sections that are directly connected to the shallow vertical shaft 3.

[0048] The following description will be made with the first vertical shaft being a deep vertical shaft 2 ; based on the following description, those skilled in the art can conceive of a solution in which the same shallow vertical shaft 3 is provided on both sides of the river.

[0049] The deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 may be located outside the embankment of a river, respectively. The depth of the deep shaft 2 is greater than the depth of the river, and the depth of the shallow shaft 3 is less than that of the deep shaft 2 .

[0050] The tunnel 1 passes through the lower part of the river, and the section near the shallow shaft 3 is a gradually rising ascending section, which is roughly formed in an inclined shape. The purpose of setting the ascending section is to gradually reduce the depth of the tunnel 1 and eventually extend to the open-air first tunnel, so as to facilitate the lowering of the main pipeline 5 into the tunnel 1 from the first tunnel.

[0051] Tunnel 1 can be formed by excavating a shield machine, which can be lowered into the deep shaft 2 and excavated toward the other side of the river until it reaches the shallow shaft 3 to form a tunnel 1 with a horizontal section 1-1 (which may also have a slight slope) and an ascending section, and then the shield machine is lifted out of the shallow shaft 3.

[0052] The first tunnel is located on the side of the shallow shaft 3 facing away from the river. It is an open-air structure, which facilitates the gradual delivery of the main pipeline 5 into the tunnel 1. The first tunnel can serve as a continuation of the ascending section of the tunnel 1, and its inclination angle with the horizontal plane is basically the same as the inclination angle of the ascending section.

[0053] Regarding tunnel 1, the ascending section is inclined upward relative to the horizontal section 1-1, forming an obtuse angle. The main conduit 5 enters the ascending section first, then undergoes elastic bending deformation due to its greater length as it passes through the junction of the ascending and horizontal sections. It then enters the horizontal section and returns to a straight line. The curved shape of tunnel 1 allows the main conduit 5 to be gradually conveyed into tunnel 1 as a whole, eliminating the need to connect individual sections of the main conduit 5 within tunnel 1.

[0054] The main pipeline 5 is integrally welded on the ground and subjected to anti-corrosion treatment and non-destructive testing.

[0055] In this solution, the main pipeline can be transported to the tunnel after welding is completed on the ground, which improves the efficiency of fully automatic pipeline welding, shortens the construction period, eliminates the need to set up welding construction space in the tunnel, reduces the tunnel excavation period, and reduces the project cost.

[0056] In addition, the river crossing pipeline installation method further includes: S3, installing a vertical compensator 4 in the deep shaft 2, and connecting the lower end of the vertical compensator 4 to the first end of the main pipeline 5. Referring to Figure 3, the vertical compensator 4 includes an upper elbow, a vertical section, and a lower elbow. The main pipeline 5 is connected to the lower elbow. The vertical compensator 4 can be extended and deformed to compensate for the deformation of the main pipeline 5.

[0057] In addition, the installation method for a river-crossing pipeline further includes: S4, excavating a compensation tunnel connected to the first tunnel, installing a horizontal compensator 6 in the compensation tunnel, and connecting the horizontal compensator 6 to the second end of the main pipeline 5. The compensation tunnel is a horizontally extending tunnel, and the horizontal compensator 6 is generally formed into a U-shape and can be horizontally expanded and contracted to compensate for the expansion and contraction deformation of the main pipeline 5. As shown in Figure 5, the bottom of the compensation tunnel can be a concrete cushion layer, with brick walls on both sides and filled with flexible material to absorb the deformation of the horizontal compensator 6. The compensation tunnel can be covered with a cover plate, which is covered with soil, and the soil can be provided with an identification tape.

[0058] S3 further includes: excavating a second tunnel on the side of the deep shaft 2 facing away from the river, installing a first horizontal pipe 12 in the second tunnel, and connecting the upper end of the vertical compensator 4 to the first horizontal pipe 12. The second tunnel extends horizontally and is an open-air structure, which facilitates the installation of the first horizontal pipe 12. The first horizontal pipe 12 is connected to the upper elbow of the vertical compensator 4 near the wall of the deep shaft 2.

[0059] A first fixing pier 7 is provided in the second tunnel for fixing the first horizontal pipe 12. The first fixing pier 7 may be a concrete structure, which is provided in the second tunnel and cast around the first horizontal pipe 12 to fix the first horizontal pipe 12.

[0060] In addition, a limiting bracket 9 supporting the vertical compensator 4 is provided in the deep shaft 2; and / or, the vertical compensator 4 is covered with a flexible material. The limiting bracket 9 is provided in the deep shaft 2 and supports the vertical compensator 4 to ensure the stability of the vertical compensator 4 and prevent it from moving over a large range. The vertical compensator 4 can be covered with a flexible material, that is, a tubular structure surrounding the vertical compensator 4 is formed by the flexible material. When the deep shaft 2 is filled with soil, the flexible material can allow the vertical compensator 4 to deform. By combining the limiting bracket with the flexible material backfill method, longitudinal and lateral controllable flexible deformation within a certain range is achieved, which can meet the pipeline re-deformation requirements and in-situ stability requirements.

[0061] Among them, at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the tunnel 1, a sealing structure is set around the connection point between the vertical compensator 4 and the main pipe 5. A sealing wall can be set at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the tunnel 1, with holes left on the sealing wall to accommodate the passage of the pipe, and flexible sealing materials can be set around the pipe. The sealing structure should meet the waterproof requirements to prevent the water that is subsequently filled into the tunnel 1 from entering the deep vertical shaft 2. In addition, the connection point between the vertical compensator 4 and the main pipe 5 can be supported by a pipe pier. Similarly, a similar sealing structure can also be set at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the second tunnel, including a sealing wall and a flexible sealing material surrounding the pipe.

[0062] In addition, a second horizontal pipe 13 connected to the horizontal compensator 6 is provided in the compensation tunnel, and a second fixing pier 8 is provided for fixing the second horizontal pipe 13. The second fixing pier 8 can be formed by pouring concrete, which surrounds the second horizontal pipe 13 to fix the second horizontal pipe 13.

[0063] A track 10 is provided in the tunnel 1, and a pipeline transport device 11 capable of moving on the track 10 is provided. The pipeline transport device 11 carries the main pipeline 5 and moves it in the tunnel 1. The track 10 can be a structure similar to a railway track. The pipeline transport device 11 is a trolley structure with running wheels, on which a structure for supporting and fixing the main pipeline 5 is provided. The pipeline transport device 11 travels along the track 10 from the shallow shaft 3 to the deep shaft 2, thereby gradually moving the main pipeline 5 to the deep shaft 2. After the main pipeline 5 is in place, a limiting structure can be provided in the tunnel 1 to achieve lateral fixation of the main pipeline 5. The pipeline transport device 11 can be used for both transportation during the pipeline pullback process and for installation after the pipeline is in place. It has anti-floating and lateral limiting functions and can be used for pipeline installation in water-filled or empty shield tunnels. It also has a certain lateral restraint capability in the curved section of the pipeline. The pipeline transport device 11 has the functions of preventing the pipeline from degassing and deflecting.

[0064] The ascending section of the tunnel 1 includes an arc section 1-2 and a slope section 1-3. The slope section 1-3 is a straight tunnel, and the arc section 1-2 is a circular tunnel. The arc section 1-2 realizes a smooth transition between the horizontal section 1-1 and the slope section 1-3, allowing the main pipe 5 to pass through the arc section 1-2 more smoothly after elastic bending.

[0065] Furthermore, the radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 is greater than or equal to 1500 times the outer diameter of the main pipe 5; and / or the slope of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%. The radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 is associated with the outer diameter of the main pipe 5. The outer diameter of the main pipe 5 affects the bending and deformation ability of the main pipe 5 to a certain extent. That is, the larger the outer diameter, the smaller the degree of bending. Therefore, the radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 needs to be designed based on the outer diameter of the main pipe 5. On the other hand, the slope of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%, that is, the ratio of the vertical height to the horizontal length of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%.

[0066] The curvature radius of the arc segment 1-2 may be 1500 times the outer diameter of the main pipe 5; and the slope of the slope segment 1-3 may be 5%.

[0067] The shallow vertical shaft 3 is less than 5 meters deep. The lower end of the shallow vertical shaft 3 is connected to the upper end of the slope section 1-3. The maximum depth of the first tunnel, i.e., the depth at the point of connection to the shallow vertical shaft 3, is the same as the depth of the shallow vertical shaft 3, allowing the main pipeline 5 to be transported from the first tunnel to the slope section 1-3. The depth of the shallow vertical shaft 3 should not be too great to avoid the first tunnel being too deep and increasing the construction workload.

[0068] Water is injected into the tunnel 1, and the deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 are backfilled. The deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 are backfilled with original soil, wherein the sealing wall and sealing material between the deep shaft 2 and the tunnel 1 can prevent water in the tunnel 1 from entering the deep shaft 2.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] This solution provides a method for installing a pipeline crossing a river, which includes:

[0071] S1. A first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft are excavated on both sides of a river, wherein the second vertical shaft is a shallow vertical shaft 3. A tunnel 1 is excavated between the first vertical shaft and the shallow vertical shaft 3. The tunnel 1 includes a horizontal section 1-1 and an ascending section directly connected to the shallow vertical shaft 3.

[0072] S2. Dig a first tunnel on the side of the shallow vertical shaft 3 facing away from the river, and transport the welded main pipe 5 from one side of the shallow vertical shaft 3 to the tunnel 1 through the first tunnel, so that the first end of the main pipe 5 reaches the first vertical shaft.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first vertical shaft is a deep vertical shaft 2, and the horizontal section 1-1 is directly connected to the deep vertical shaft 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the first vertical shaft can also be a shallow vertical shaft 3, that is, both sides of the river are shallow vertical shafts 3, and both ends of the horizontal section 1-1 are respectively provided with rising sections that are directly connected to the shallow vertical shaft 3.

[0074] The following description will be made with the first vertical shaft being a deep vertical shaft 2 ; based on the following description, those skilled in the art can conceive of a solution in which the same shallow vertical shaft 3 is provided on both sides of the river.

[0075] The deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 may be located outside the embankment of a river, respectively. The depth of the deep shaft 2 is greater than the depth of the river, and the depth of the shallow shaft 3 is less than that of the deep shaft 2 .

[0076] The tunnel 1 passes through the lower part of the river, and the section near the shallow shaft 3 is a gradually rising ascending section, which is roughly formed in an inclined shape. The purpose of setting the ascending section is to gradually reduce the depth of the tunnel 1 and eventually extend to the open-air first tunnel, so as to facilitate the lowering of the main pipeline 5 into the tunnel 1 from the first tunnel.

[0077] Tunnel 1 can be formed by excavating a shield machine, which can be lowered into the deep shaft 2 and excavated toward the other side of the river until it reaches the shallow shaft 3 to form a tunnel 1 with a horizontal section 1-1 (which may also have a slight slope) and an ascending section, and then the shield machine is lifted out of the shallow shaft 3.

[0078] The first tunnel is located on the side of the shallow shaft 3 facing away from the river. It is an open-air structure, which facilitates the gradual delivery of the main pipeline 5 into the tunnel 1. The first tunnel can serve as a continuation of the ascending section of the tunnel 1, and its inclination angle with the horizontal plane is basically the same as the inclination angle of the ascending section.

[0079] Regarding tunnel 1, the ascending section is inclined upward relative to the horizontal section 1-1, forming an obtuse angle. The main conduit 5 enters the ascending section first, then undergoes elastic bending deformation due to its greater length as it passes through the junction of the ascending and horizontal sections. It then enters the horizontal section and returns to a straight line. The curved shape of tunnel 1 allows the main conduit 5 to be gradually conveyed into tunnel 1 as a whole, eliminating the need to connect individual sections of the main conduit 5 within tunnel 1.

[0080] The main pipeline 5 is integrally welded on the ground and subjected to anti-corrosion treatment and non-destructive testing.

[0081] In this solution, the main pipeline can be transported to the tunnel after welding is completed on the ground, which improves the efficiency of fully automatic pipeline welding, shortens the construction period, eliminates the need to set up welding construction space in the tunnel, reduces the tunnel excavation period, and reduces the project cost.

[0082] In addition, the river crossing pipeline installation method further includes: S3, installing a vertical compensator 4 in the deep shaft 2, and connecting the lower end of the vertical compensator 4 to the first end of the main pipeline 5. Referring to Figure 3, the vertical compensator 4 includes an upper elbow, a vertical section, and a lower elbow. The main pipeline 5 is connected to the lower elbow. The vertical compensator 4 can be extended and deformed to compensate for the deformation of the main pipeline 5.

[0083] In addition, the installation method for a river-crossing pipeline further includes: S4, excavating a compensation tunnel connected to the first tunnel, installing a horizontal compensator 6 in the compensation tunnel, and connecting the horizontal compensator 6 to the second end of the main pipeline 5. The compensation tunnel is a horizontally extending tunnel, and the horizontal compensator 6 is generally formed into a U-shape and can be horizontally expanded and contracted to compensate for the expansion and contraction deformation of the main pipeline 5. As shown in Figure 5, the bottom of the compensation tunnel can be a concrete cushion layer, with brick walls on both sides and filled with flexible material to absorb the deformation of the horizontal compensator 6. The compensation tunnel can be covered with a cover plate, which is covered with soil, and the soil can be provided with an identification tape.

[0084] S3 further includes: excavating a second tunnel on the side of the deep shaft 2 facing away from the river, installing a first horizontal pipe 12 in the second tunnel, and connecting the upper end of the vertical compensator 4 to the first horizontal pipe 12. The second tunnel extends horizontally and is an open-air structure, which facilitates the installation of the first horizontal pipe 12. The first horizontal pipe 12 is connected to the upper elbow of the vertical compensator 4 near the wall of the deep shaft 2.

[0085] A first fixing pier 7 is provided in the second tunnel for fixing the first horizontal pipe 12. The first fixing pier 7 may be a concrete structure, which is provided in the second tunnel and cast around the first horizontal pipe 12 to fix the first horizontal pipe 12.

[0086] In addition, a position-limiting bracket 9 is provided in the deep shaft 2 to support the vertical compensator 4; and / or the vertical compensator 4 is coated with a flexible material. The position-limiting bracket 9 is provided in the deep shaft 2 and supports the vertical compensator 4, ensuring its stability and preventing it from moving. The vertical compensator 4 can be coated with a flexible material, forming a tubular structure around the vertical compensator 4. When the deep shaft 2 is filled with soil, the flexible material allows the vertical compensator 4 to deform.

[0087] Among them, at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the tunnel 1, a sealing structure is set around the connection point between the vertical compensator 4 and the main pipe 5. A sealing wall can be set at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the tunnel 1, with holes left on the sealing wall to accommodate the passage of the pipe, and flexible sealing materials can be set around the pipe. The sealing structure should meet the waterproof requirements to prevent the water that is subsequently filled into the tunnel 1 from entering the deep vertical shaft 2. In addition, the connection point between the vertical compensator 4 and the main pipe 5 can be supported by a pipe pier. Similarly, a similar sealing structure can also be set at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the second tunnel, including a sealing wall and a flexible sealing material surrounding the pipe.

[0088] In addition, a second horizontal pipe 13 connected to the horizontal compensator 6 is provided in the compensation tunnel, and a second fixing pier 8 is provided for fixing the second horizontal pipe 13. The second fixing pier 8 can be formed by pouring concrete, which surrounds the second horizontal pipe 13 to fix the second horizontal pipe 13.

[0089] A track 10 is provided in the tunnel 1, along with a pipeline transport device 11 capable of moving on the track 10. The pipeline transport device 11 carries the main pipeline 5 and moves within the tunnel 1. The track 10 may be a structure similar to a railway track, and the pipeline transport device 11 is a trolley structure with running wheels, on which a structure for supporting and fixing the main pipeline 5 is provided. The pipeline transport device 11 travels along the track 10 from the shallow shaft 3 to the deep shaft 2, thereby gradually moving the main pipeline 5 to the deep shaft 2. After the main pipeline 5 is in place, a limiting structure may be provided in the tunnel 1 to achieve lateral fixation of the main pipeline 5.

[0090] The ascending section of the tunnel 1 includes an arc section 1-2 and a slope section 1-3. The slope section 1-3 is a straight tunnel, and the arc section 1-2 is a circular tunnel. The arc section 1-2 realizes a smooth transition between the horizontal section 1-1 and the slope section 1-3, allowing the main pipe 5 to pass through the arc section 1-2 more smoothly after bending.

[0091] Furthermore, the radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 is greater than or equal to 1500 times the outer diameter of the main pipe 5; and / or the slope of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%. The radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 is associated with the outer diameter of the main pipe 5. The outer diameter of the main pipe 5 affects the bending and deformation ability of the main pipe 5 to a certain extent. That is, the larger the outer diameter, the smaller the degree of bending. Therefore, the radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 needs to be designed based on the outer diameter of the main pipe 5. On the other hand, the slope of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%, that is, the ratio of the vertical height to the horizontal length of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%.

[0092] The curvature radius of the arc segment 1-2 may be 1550 times the outer diameter of the main pipe 5; and the slope of the slope segment 1-3 may be 4%.

[0093] The shallow vertical shaft 3 is less than 5 meters deep. The lower end of the shallow vertical shaft 3 is connected to the upper end of the slope section 1-3. The maximum depth of the first tunnel, i.e., the depth at the point of connection to the shallow vertical shaft 3, is the same as the depth of the shallow vertical shaft 3, allowing the main pipeline 5 to be transported from the first tunnel to the slope section 1-3. The depth of the shallow vertical shaft 3 should not be too great to avoid the first tunnel being too deep and increasing the construction workload.

[0094] Water is injected into the tunnel 1, and the deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 are backfilled. The deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 are backfilled with original soil, wherein the sealing wall and sealing material between the deep shaft 2 and the tunnel 1 can prevent water in the horizontal section 1-1 from entering the deep shaft 2.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] This solution provides a method for installing a pipeline crossing a river, which includes:

[0097] S1. A first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft are excavated on both sides of a river, wherein the second vertical shaft is a shallow vertical shaft 3. A tunnel 1 is excavated between the first vertical shaft and the shallow vertical shaft 3. The tunnel 1 includes a horizontal section 1-1 and an ascending section directly connected to the shallow vertical shaft 3.

[0098] S2. Dig a first tunnel on the side of the shallow vertical shaft 3 facing away from the river, and transport the welded main pipe 5 from one side of the shallow vertical shaft 3 to the tunnel 1 through the first tunnel, so that the first end of the main pipe 5 reaches the first vertical shaft.

[0099] In some embodiments, the first vertical shaft is a deep vertical shaft 2, and the horizontal section 1-1 is directly connected to the deep vertical shaft 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the first vertical shaft can also be a shallow vertical shaft 3, that is, both sides of the river are shallow vertical shafts 3, and both ends of the horizontal section 1-1 are respectively provided with rising sections that are directly connected to the shallow vertical shaft 3.

[0100] The following description will be made with the first vertical shaft being a deep vertical shaft 2 ; based on the following description, those skilled in the art can conceive of a solution in which the same shallow vertical shaft 3 is provided on both sides of the river.

[0101] The deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 may be located outside the embankment of a river, respectively. The depth of the deep shaft 2 is greater than the depth of the river, and the depth of the shallow shaft 3 is less than that of the deep shaft 2 .

[0102] The tunnel 1 passes through the lower part of the river, and the section near the shallow shaft 3 is a gradually rising ascending section, which is roughly formed in an inclined shape. The purpose of setting the ascending section is to gradually reduce the depth of the tunnel 1 and eventually extend to the open-air first tunnel, so as to facilitate the lowering of the main pipeline 5 into the tunnel 1 from the first tunnel.

[0103] Tunnel 1 can be formed by excavating a shield machine, which can be lowered into the deep shaft 2 and excavated toward the other side of the river until it reaches the shallow shaft 3 to form a tunnel 1 with a horizontal section 1-1 (which may also have a slight slope) and an ascending section, and then the shield machine is lifted out of the shallow shaft 3.

[0104] The first tunnel is located on the side of the shallow shaft 3 facing away from the river. It is an open-air structure, which facilitates the gradual delivery of the main pipeline 5 into the tunnel 1. The first tunnel can serve as a continuation of the ascending section of the tunnel 1, and its inclination angle with the horizontal plane is basically the same as the inclination angle of the ascending section.

[0105] Regarding tunnel 1, the ascending section is inclined upward relative to the horizontal section 1-1, forming an obtuse angle. The main conduit 5 enters the ascending section first, then undergoes elastic bending deformation due to its greater length as it passes through the junction of the ascending and horizontal sections. It then enters the horizontal section and returns to a straight line. The curved shape of tunnel 1 allows the main conduit 5 to be gradually conveyed into tunnel 1 as a whole, eliminating the need to connect individual sections of the main conduit 5 within tunnel 1.

[0106] The main pipeline 5 is integrally welded on the ground and subjected to anti-corrosion treatment and non-destructive testing.

[0107] In this solution, the main pipeline can be transported to the tunnel after welding is completed on the ground, which improves the efficiency of fully automatic pipeline welding, shortens the construction period, eliminates the need to set up welding construction space in the tunnel, reduces the tunnel excavation period, and reduces the project cost.

[0108] In addition, the river crossing pipeline installation method further includes: S3, installing a vertical compensator 4 in the deep shaft 2, and connecting the lower end of the vertical compensator 4 to the first end of the main pipeline 5. Referring to Figure 3, the vertical compensator 4 includes an upper elbow, a vertical section, and a lower elbow. The main pipeline 5 is connected to the lower elbow. The vertical compensator 4 can be extended and deformed to compensate for the deformation of the main pipeline 5.

[0109] In addition, the installation method for a river-crossing pipeline further includes: S4, excavating a compensation tunnel connected to the first tunnel, installing a horizontal compensator 6 in the compensation tunnel, and connecting the horizontal compensator 6 to the second end of the main pipeline 5. The compensation tunnel is a horizontally extending tunnel, and the horizontal compensator 6 is generally formed into a U-shape and can be horizontally expanded and contracted to compensate for the expansion and contraction deformation of the main pipeline 5. As shown in Figure 5, the bottom of the compensation tunnel can be a concrete cushion layer, with brick walls on both sides and filled with flexible material to absorb the deformation of the horizontal compensator 6. The compensation tunnel can be covered with a cover plate, which is covered with soil, and the soil can be provided with an identification tape.

[0110] S3 further includes: excavating a second tunnel on the side of the deep shaft 2 facing away from the river, installing a first horizontal pipe 12 in the second tunnel, and connecting the upper end of the vertical compensator 4 to the first horizontal pipe 12. The second tunnel extends horizontally and is an open-air structure, which facilitates the installation of the first horizontal pipe 12. The first horizontal pipe 12 is connected to the upper elbow of the vertical compensator 4 at the wall of the deep shaft 2.

[0111] A first fixing pier 7 is provided in the second tunnel for fixing the first horizontal pipe 12. The first fixing pier 7 may be a concrete structure, which is provided in the second tunnel and cast around the first horizontal pipe 12 to fix the first horizontal pipe 12.

[0112] In addition, a position-limiting bracket 9 is provided in the deep shaft 2 to support the vertical compensator 4; and / or the vertical compensator 4 is coated with a flexible material. The position-limiting bracket 9 is provided in the deep shaft 2 and supports the vertical compensator 4, ensuring its stability and preventing it from moving. The vertical compensator 4 can be coated with a flexible material, forming a tubular structure around the vertical compensator 4. When the deep shaft 2 is filled with soil, the flexible material allows the vertical compensator 4 to deform.

[0113] Among them, at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the tunnel 1, a sealing structure is set around the connection point between the vertical compensator 4 and the main pipe 5. A sealing wall can be set at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the tunnel 1, with holes left on the sealing wall to accommodate the passage of the pipe, and flexible sealing materials can be set around the pipe. The sealing structure should meet the waterproof requirements to prevent the water that is subsequently filled into the tunnel 1 from entering the deep vertical shaft 2. In addition, the connection point between the vertical compensator 4 and the main pipe 5 can be supported by a pipe pier. Similarly, a similar sealing structure can also be set at the connection point between the deep vertical shaft 2 and the second tunnel, including a sealing wall and a flexible sealing material surrounding the pipe.

[0114] In addition, a second horizontal pipe 13 connected to the horizontal compensator 6 is provided in the compensation tunnel, and a second fixing pier 8 is provided for fixing the second horizontal pipe 13. The second fixing pier 8 can be formed by pouring concrete, which surrounds the second horizontal pipe 13 to fix the second horizontal pipe 13.

[0115] A track 10 is provided in the tunnel 1, along with a pipeline transport device 11 capable of moving on the track 10. The pipeline transport device 11 carries the main pipeline 5 and moves within the tunnel 1. The track 10 may be a structure similar to a railway track, and the pipeline transport device 11 is a trolley structure with running wheels, on which a structure for supporting and fixing the main pipeline 5 is provided. The pipeline transport device 11 travels along the track 10 from the shallow shaft 3 to the deep shaft 2, thereby gradually moving the main pipeline 5 to the deep shaft 2. After the main pipeline 5 is in place, a limiting structure may be provided in the tunnel 1 to achieve lateral fixation of the main pipeline 5.

[0116] The ascending section includes an arc section 1-2 and a slope section 1-3. The slope section 1-3 is a straight tunnel, and the arc section 1-2 is a circular tunnel. The arc section 1-2 realizes a smooth transition between the horizontal section 1-1 and the slope section 1-3, allowing the main pipe 5 to pass through the arc section 1-2 more smoothly after bending.

[0117] Furthermore, the radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 is greater than or equal to 1500 times the outer diameter of the main pipe 5; and / or the slope of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%. The radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 is associated with the outer diameter of the main pipe 5. The outer diameter of the main pipe 5 affects the bending and deformation ability of the main pipe 5 to a certain extent. That is, the larger the outer diameter, the smaller the degree of bending. Therefore, the radius of curvature of the arc segment 1-2 needs to be designed based on the outer diameter of the main pipe 5. On the other hand, the slope of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%, that is, the ratio of the vertical height to the horizontal length of the ramp segment 1-3 is less than or equal to 5%.

[0118] The curvature radius of the arc segment 1-2 may be 1600 times the outer diameter of the main pipe 5; and the slope of the slope segment 1-3 may be 3%.

[0119] The shallow vertical shaft 3 is less than 5 meters deep. The lower end of the shallow vertical shaft 3 is connected to the upper end of the slope section 1-3. The maximum depth of the first tunnel, i.e., the depth at the point of connection to the shallow vertical shaft 3, is the same as the depth of the shallow vertical shaft 3, allowing the main pipeline 5 to be transported from the first tunnel to the slope section 1-3. The depth of the shallow vertical shaft 3 should not be too great to avoid the first tunnel being too deep and increasing the construction workload.

[0120] Water is injected into the horizontal section 1-1, and the deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 are backfilled. The deep shaft 2 and the shallow shaft 3 are backfilled with original soil, wherein the sealing wall and sealing material between the deep shaft 2 and the tunnel 1 can prevent water in the tunnel 1 from entering the deep shaft 2.

[0121] On the other hand, the present solution provides a river crossing pipeline, wherein the river crossing pipeline is installed by the river crossing pipeline installation method described in the above solution.

[0122] Thus far, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art have not been described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein.

[0123] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art will understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In particular, as long as there are no structural conflicts, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner.

Claims

1. A method for installing a pipeline crossing a river, characterized in that: include: S1. A first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft are respectively excavated on both sides of a river, wherein the second vertical shaft is a shallow vertical shaft (3), and a tunnel (1) is excavated between the first vertical shaft and the shallow vertical shaft (3), wherein the tunnel (1) comprises a horizontal section (1-1) and an ascending section directly connected to the shallow vertical shaft (3); S2. A first tunnel is excavated on the side of the shallow vertical shaft (3) facing away from the river, and the welded main pipeline (5) is transported from one side of the shallow vertical shaft (3) to the tunnel (1) through the first tunnel, so that the first end of the main pipeline (5) reaches the first vertical shaft.

2. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vertical shaft is a deep vertical shaft (2), and the horizontal section (1-1) is directly connected to the deep vertical shaft (2).

3. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: S3. A vertical compensator (4) is arranged in the deep shaft (2), and the lower end of the vertical compensator (4) is connected to the first end of the main pipeline (5).

4. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: S4. Dig out a compensation tunnel connected to the first tunnel, set a horizontal compensator (6) in the compensation tunnel, and connect the horizontal compensator (6) to the second end of the main pipeline (5).

5. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 4, characterized in that: S3 also includes: digging a second tunnel on the side of the deep shaft (2) facing away from the river, setting a first horizontal pipeline (12) in the second tunnel, and connecting the upper end of the vertical compensator (4) to the first horizontal pipeline (12).

6. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first fixing pier (7) for fixing the first horizontal pipeline (12) is arranged in the second tunnel.

7. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting bracket (9) for supporting the vertical compensator (4) is arranged in the deep shaft (2); and / or the vertical compensator (4) is covered with a flexible material.

8. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 5, characterized in that: At the connection point between the deep shaft (2) and the tunnel (1), a sealing structure is provided around the connection point between the vertical compensator (4) and the main pipeline (5).

9. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second horizontal pipeline (13) connected to the horizontal compensator (6) is arranged in the compensation tunnel, and a second fixing pier (8) for fixing the second horizontal pipeline (13) is arranged.

10. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 1, characterized in that: A track (10) is arranged in the tunnel (1), and a pipeline transport device (11) capable of moving on the track (10) is arranged, and the main pipeline (5) is carried by the pipeline transport device (11) to move in the tunnel (1).

11. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rising section comprises an arc section (1-2) and a slope section (1-3).

12. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 11, characterized in that: The radius of curvature of the arc section (1-2) is greater than or equal to 1500 times the outer diameter of the main pipe (5); and / or the slope of the slope section (1-3) is less than or equal to 5%.

13. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the shallow vertical shaft (3) is less than 5 meters.

14. The method for installing a pipeline crossing a river according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water is injected into the tunnel (1) and the shaft is backfilled.

15. A pipeline crossing a river, characterized in that: The river crossing pipeline is installed by the river crossing pipeline installation method according to any one of claims 1-14.

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