Hub, impeller, fan and vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle, comprising a fan. The fan comprises an impeller. The impeller comprises a hub. The hub comprises a mounting part, wherein two axial sides of the mounting part are respectively an air intake side and an air output side, a dirt discharge surface formed on the mounting part being inclined in a direction from the air intake side to the air output side.

Description

Hubs, impellers, fans and vehicles

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202311230163.4 filed by BYD Co., Ltd. on September 20, 2023, entitled “Hub, Impeller, Fan and Vehicle,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a wheel hub, an impeller, a fan, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0004] Currently, when a vehicle is driving in a desert or in an area with strong wind and sand, the wind and sand may flow into the fan of the vehicle's cooling system with the air flow, affecting the normal operation of the fan and even causing damage to the fan.

[0005] Public content

[0006] The present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, a first object of the present invention is to provide a wheel hub that can enhance the sand discharge effect.

[0007] A second objective of the present disclosure is to provide another wheel hub to improve the sand removal effect of the wheel hub.

[0008] The third object of the present disclosure is to provide an impeller comprising the hub described above.

[0009] The fourth objective of the present disclosure is to provide a fan comprising the impeller described above.

[0010] A fifth object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle comprising the fan described in the above embodiment.

[0011] According to the wheel hub of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, it includes: a mounting portion, wherein the mounting portion has an air inlet side and an air outlet side on both sides along the axial direction of the mounting portion respectively; a sewage discharge surface is formed on the mounting portion, and is inclined in a direction from the air inlet side to the air outlet side, with the sewage discharge surface facing away from the central axis of the mounting portion.

[0012] According to the wheel hub of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a drainage surface is provided on the mounting portion, so that the sand and dust on the air inlet side and the air outlet side can flow away along the drainage surface, avoiding the accumulation of sand and dust in the mounting portion, and reducing the accumulation of sand and dust on the wheel hub, causing uneven force on the wheel hub, resulting in jamming or abnormal noise.

[0013] In some examples, the dirt discharge surface faces the air outlet side, and is inclined in a direction away from a central axis of the mounting portion along a direction from the air inlet side to the air outlet side.

[0014] In some examples, the dirt discharge surface faces the air inlet side, and along the direction from the air outlet side to the air inlet side, the dirt discharge surface is inclined toward a direction close to the central axis of the mounting portion.

[0015] In some examples, the drainage surface extends along the circumference of the mounting portion.

[0016] In some examples, at least one sand discharge hole is formed on the mounting portion, the sand discharge hole passes through the mounting portion, and the sand discharge hole intersects with the sewage discharge surface.

[0017] In some examples, a central axis of the sand drainage hole is parallel to a central axis of the mounting portion.

[0018] In some examples, the wheel hub further includes: a sand retaining structure, the sand retaining structure being disposed on the wind outlet side of the mounting portion, and the sand retaining structure being inclined relative to the central axis of the mounting portion along at least one side surface of the mounting portion in the circumferential direction.

[0019] In some examples, the two side surfaces of the sand retaining structure along the circumference of the mounting portion are respectively a first surface and a second surface, and the first surface is arranged upstream of the second surface along the rotation direction of the wheel hub; the first surface is parallel to the central axis of the mounting portion, and the second surface is inclined relative to the central axis of the mounting portion.

[0020] In some examples, there are multiple sand retaining structures, and the multiple sand retaining structures are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting portion; an angle α is formed between two adjacent wall surfaces of two adjacent sand retaining structures, and α satisfies: 20°≤α≤30°.

[0021] In some examples, at least one weight-reducing groove is formed on the mounting portion, the weight-reducing groove is located on the air inlet side, and the sand discharge hole is formed on a bottom wall of the weight-reducing groove.

[0022] In some examples, the sand discharge hole is located upstream of the weight reduction groove along the rotation direction of the impeller.

[0023] In some examples, the bottom wall of the weight-reducing groove extends obliquely in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting portion along a direction from the air inlet side toward the air outlet side, and the sand discharge hole is formed on a side of the bottom wall of the weight-reducing groove away from the central axis of the mounting portion.

[0024] In some examples, at least one through hole is formed on the mounting portion, and the through hole extends obliquely from the air inlet side toward the air outlet side in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting portion.

[0025] In some examples, a plurality of sand drainage holes are formed on the mounting portion, and the plurality of sand drainage holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting portion.

[0026] In some examples, a plurality of through holes are formed on the mounting portion, and the plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting portion.

[0027] In some examples, the mounting portion is formed with a plurality of sand drainage holes, a plurality of through holes, and at least one sewage discharge surface, the plurality of sand drainage holes are located radially outside the plurality of through holes along the mounting portion, and the sewage discharge surface is located radially outside the plurality of through holes along the mounting portion.

[0028] In some examples, the plurality of sand drainage holes and the plurality of through holes are respectively opposite to each other.

[0029] In some examples, the mounting portion includes: a mounting plate and a peripheral wall, the two axial sides of the mounting plate are the air inlet side and the air outlet side respectively; the peripheral wall includes a first sub-wall and a second sub-wall, one end of the first sub-wall is connected to the mounting plate, and extends obliquely from the air inlet side to the air outlet side, and the other end of the first sub-wall extends in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting plate, a side surface of the first sub-wall adjacent to the central axis of the mounting plate is the sewage discharge surface, one end of the second sub-wall is connected to the other end of the first sub-wall, and the other end of the second sub-wall extends in the direction of the air inlet side.

[0030] A wheel hub according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure includes: a mounting portion, wherein at least one sand drainage hole is formed on the mounting portion, and the sand drainage hole passes through the mounting portion.

[0031] In some examples, a central axis of the sand drainage hole is parallel to a central axis of the mounting portion.

[0032] In some examples, there are a plurality of sand drainage holes, and the plurality of sand drainage holes are spaced apart along the circumference of the mounting portion.

[0033] In some examples, the sand drainage holes are provided on an outer periphery of the mounting portion.

[0034] The impeller according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present disclosure includes the hub described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a fan includes: a wind shield and an impeller. An opening is formed on the wind shield. The impeller is the impeller described in any one of the above embodiments, and the impeller is arranged at the opening.

[0036] In some examples, a wind shield is provided at the opening, a sand discharge port is formed at the bottom of the wind shield, and the sand discharge port is opposite to the impeller.

[0037] In some examples, the fan further includes: a sand discharge valve, which is arranged at the sand discharge port, and the sand discharge port opens when the force exerted by the fluid at the sand discharge port on the sand discharge valve reaches the opening force of the sand discharge valve, and the sand discharge port closes when the force exerted by the fluid at the sand discharge port on the sand discharge valve does not reach the opening force of the sand discharge valve.

[0038] In some examples, the sand discharge valve includes: a sand discharge baffle and at least one elastic reset member. The sand discharge baffle is openably and closably arranged at the sand discharge port. The sand discharge baffle is rotatably connected to the wind protection ring. The elastic reset member is configured to keep the sand discharge baffle constantly closed.

[0039] In some examples, it further includes: at least one rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the wind shield, the sand discharge baffle is connected to the rotating shaft, and the elastic reset member is sleeved on the rotating shaft to drive the sand discharge baffle to open and close the sand discharge port.

[0040] In some examples, the fan further includes: a motor, the motor is disposed at the mounting portion, the motor includes a rotor, and the mounting portion is connected to the rotor.

[0041] A vehicle according to an embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present disclosure includes the fan according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0042] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be obvious from the following description, or may be learned through practice of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0044] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the air inlet side of a fan according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the air outlet side of a fan according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] FIG3 is a schematic axial view of a fan according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the air outlet side of an impeller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] FIG5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the P region in FIG4 ;

[0049] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the air inlet side of an impeller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the Q region in FIG6 ;

[0051] FIG8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a fan according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] FIG9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the N region in FIG8 ;

[0053] FIG10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the R region in FIG8 ;

[0054] FIG11 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the M region in FIG8 ;

[0055] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Figure numerals: 100, fan; 200, vehicle; 10, impeller; 101, hub; 11, mounting portion; 111, through hole; 112, sand discharge hole; 113, sewage discharge surface; 114, mounting plate; 115, peripheral wall; 1151, first sub-wall; 1152, second sub-wall; 12, blades; 13, weight reduction groove; 131, bottom wall; 20, sand retaining structure; 21, first surface; 22, second surface; 30, wind shield; 31, opening; 32, wind shield; 321, sand discharge port; 40, sand discharge valve; 41, sand discharge baffle; 42, rotating shaft; 43, elastic reset part; 50, motor; 501, rotor; a, air inlet side; b, air outlet side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following describes an embodiment of the present disclosure in detail. The embodiment described with reference to the accompanying drawings is exemplary. The following describes a wheel hub 101 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to Figures 1 to 11. The wheel hub 101 includes a mounting portion 11.

[0058] Specifically, as shown in Figures 1-5 , the mounting portion 11 has two axially oriented sides, one defining an air inlet side a and the other defining an air outlet side b. A drainage surface 113 is formed on the mounting portion 11. The drainage surface 113 is tilted away from the central axis of the mounting portion 11, extending from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b.

[0059] In this embodiment, fan 100 serves as part of the cooling system of vehicle 200. Fan 100 is used to draw outside air into the front compartment of vehicle 200, thereby reducing the temperature of the engine and / or drive motor and ensuring normal operation of the engine and drive motor. Simultaneously, some of the air entering fan 100 flows back to dissipate heat from motor 50 included in fan 100. For example, when vehicle 200 is traveling in a desert area, it is affected by wind and sand. As wheel hub 101 rotates, the wind and sand are carried along with the air into the mounting portion 11 of wheel hub 101. Accumulation of wind and sand within mounting portion 11 or on wheel hub 101 can cause wear or noise on wheel hub 101, thereby reducing its service life. A drainage surface 113 is provided on at least one of the two sides of mounting portion 11 along its central axis. This drainage surface 113 can be located on either the inlet side a or the outlet side b, or both.

[0060] According to the wheel hub 101 of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a sewage discharge surface is provided on the mounting portion 11 so that the sand and dust on the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b can flow away along the sewage discharge surface, thereby avoiding the accumulation of sand and dust in the mounting portion 11, and reducing the accumulation of sand and dust on the wheel hub 101, resulting in uneven force on the wheel hub 101, resulting in jamming or abnormal noise.

[0061] In addition, the provision of the drainage surface 113 can reduce the dynamic imbalance of the hub 101 during operation, thereby enabling the hub 101 to operate continuously and stably and preventing damage to the hub 101. Furthermore, the rotation of the hub 101 generates a large centrifugal force, and dust flows away from the drainage surface at a faster rate under the action of the centrifugal force and its own gravity, which helps to reduce the possibility of dust accumulating in the mounting portion 11.

[0062] Here, "dynamic imbalance" is a mechanical term relative to "dynamic balance", which refers to the phenomenon that rotating parts and components produce vibrations and adverse effects when the machine or mechanism rotates due to shape errors (for example, the inner and outer circles are not coaxial, the cylinder is not round, the generatrix is ​​not straight, the end face is not perpendicular to the axis, etc.) and uneven internal structure. The dynamic imbalance refers to the physical quantity that measures this phenomenon.

[0063] For example, the discharge surface on the mounting portion 11 is arranged to face the air outlet side b. In this case, the discharge surface is inclined from the air inlet side a toward the air outlet side b, away from the central axis of the mounting portion 11, so that dust flowing toward the air outlet side b can be discharged toward the circumference of the mounting portion 11 of the hub 101 under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the hub 101. This can prevent dust from affecting the rotation of the hub 101 at the air outlet side b and reduce the possibility of abnormal noise caused by uneven force on the hub 101.

[0064] The dirt discharge surface of the mounting portion 11 faces the air inlet side a and is inclined toward the central axis of the mounting portion 11 along the air outlet side b toward the air inlet side a. During the rotation of the hub 101, both the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b are affected by centrifugal force. This centrifugal force causes dust on the air inlet side a to be discharged toward the outer periphery of the mounting portion 11, thereby reducing the likelihood of dust adhering to the hub 101 on the air inlet side a.

[0065] Optionally, a drainage surface is formed on both the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b of the mounting portion 11. The drainage surfaces provided on the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b are symmetrically distributed in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting portion 11. When the hub 101 rotates, the sand and dust on the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b are discharged from the mounting portion 11 toward the outer peripheral side of the mounting portion 11 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting portion 11 under the action of centrifugal force and its own gravity, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the sand and dust on the hub 101 on the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b, and increasing the sand discharge capacity of the hub 101. In some embodiments, the drainage surface 113 extends along the circumference of the mounting portion 11. The drainage surface 113 is an annular inclined surface and is provided on one side of the mounting portion 11 adjacent to the center of the mounting portion 11. The centrifugal force generated by the circumferential rotation of the hub 101 is distributed along the circumference of the mounting portion 11. The circumferentially extending drainage surface 113 can better discharge the sand and dust, thereby reducing the impact of the sand and dust on the rotation of the hub 101.

[0066] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4-10, at least one sand discharge hole 112 is formed on the mounting portion 11. The sand discharge hole 112 penetrates the mounting portion 11 from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b, and intersects with the drainage surface 113. The sand discharge hole 112 is formed on the mounting portion 11. There are multiple sand discharge holes 112, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the mounting portion 11, and the sand discharge holes 112 are formed on the drainage surface 113. When sand and dust pass through the fan 100 with the air under the action of the fan 100, some of the sand and dust are blocked by the mounting portion 11 and slide down on the air inlet side a of the mounting portion, while some of the sand and dust enter the fan 100 through the sand discharge holes 112 and slide down on the air outlet side b of the mounting portion 11.

[0067] When the wheel hub 101 rotates, the dust entering from the air inlet side a flows toward the air outlet side b. For example, the discharge surface 113 is located on the air outlet side b, opposite to the mounting portion 11 along the central axis of the mounting portion 11 and located on the side of the air outlet side b. Due to the difference in air flow rate from the surrounding air, a negative pressure area is formed, and some of the dust on the air outlet side b will flow back into the mounting portion 11. The sand discharge holes 112 intersect with the discharge surface 113, so that the airflow generated by the air in the sand discharge holes 112 can blow away the dust on the discharge surface 113, preventing the accumulation of dust in the mounting portion 11, which will cause uneven force during the rotation of the wheel hub 101, and reduce the possibility of vibration and abnormal noise from the wheel hub 101.

[0068] In some embodiments, the central axis of the sand discharge hole 112 is parallel to the central axis of the mounting portion 11. This allows sand and dust to flow with air from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b, increasing the air velocity within the sand discharge hole 112 and allowing sand and dust to pass through more efficiently. Furthermore, the sand discharge hole 112 can be positioned on the drainage surface 113 so that it intersects with the drainage surface 113, thereby facilitating the removal of sand and dust from the drainage surface 113.

[0069] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the hub 101 also includes a sand retaining structure 20. The sand retaining structure 20 is provided on the air outlet side b of the mounting portion 11. At least one side surface of the sand retaining structure 20 along the circumference of the mounting portion 11 is inclined relative to the central axis of the mounting portion 11. The sand retaining structure 20 is located between two adjacent sand discharge holes 112. In this embodiment, the sand retaining structure 20 is provided on the air outlet side b and between two adjacent sand discharge holes 112 as an example. One end of the sand retaining structure 20 is connected to the sewage discharge surface 113 of the mounting portion 11, and the other end of the sand retaining structure 20 extends along the central axis direction of the mounting portion 11.

[0070] The mounting portion 11 is shaped like a hood. A receiving groove is provided on one side of the mounting portion 11, adjacent to the air outlet side (b), and the sand retaining structure 20 is disposed within the receiving groove. The inclined arrangement of at least one side of the circumferential surface of the mounting portion 11 can mean that only one of the two circumferential surfaces of the sand retaining structure 20 is inclined, or both sides are inclined. In this embodiment, only one side of the sand retaining structure 20 is inclined.

[0071] Thus, the sand retaining structure 20, which is tilted on the air outlet side b, can facilitate separating the discharge surface 113, preventing sand and dust from flowing between the sand discharge holes 112. Combined with the discharge surface 113, the sand removal capacity of the impeller 10 is increased, allowing the sand and dust to slide off the sand retaining structure 20 under the action of its own gravity and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the hub 101. At the same time, the tilted arrangement of at least one side of the sand retaining structure 20 can facilitate demolding during the manufacture of the hub 101, facilitate the formation of the mounting portion 11 and the sand retaining structure 20, reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the hub 101, and improve the production efficiency of the hub 101.

[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5 , the two side surfaces of the sand retaining structure 20 along the circumference of the mounting portion 11 are respectively a first surface 21 and a second surface 22, and the first surface 21 is arranged upstream of the second surface 22 along the rotation direction of the hub 101. That is, as the hub 101 rotates, for example, when the hub 101 rotates counterclockwise, part of the air rotates along the circumference of the mounting portion 11. At this time, the air first passes through the first surface 21 and then passes through the second surface 22. The first surface 21 is located upstream of the second surface 22 in the direction of air flow. Among them, the first surface 21 is parallel to the central axis of the mounting portion 11, that is, the first surface 21 is arranged perpendicular to the mounting portion 11, so that the air intake in the direction of the centerline axis of the mounting portion 11 is increased during the rotation of the fan 100, thereby increasing the heat dissipation to the front compartment behind the fan 100.

[0073] The second surface 22 is tilted relative to the central axis of the mounting portion 11. That is, the second surface 22 is tilted relative to the first surface 21 in the circumferential direction of the mounting portion 11. As a result, after sand passes through the sand discharge holes 112, the sand adheres to the second surface 22 under the action of centrifugal force and slides out of the wheel hub 101.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first surface 21 of the sand retaining structure 20 is parallel to the central axis of the mounting portion 11, and the second surface 22 is inclined relative to the central axis of the mounting portion 11. This arrangement increases the airflow and sand removal capabilities of the fan 100 while facilitating the manufacture and demolding of the hub 101 and improving production efficiency. Furthermore, the angle between the first surface 21 and the second surface 22 of two adjacent sand retaining structures 20 is 25°, meaning that the second surface 22 is inclined at a 25° angle, facilitating both demolding and sand removal.

[0075] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5 , there are multiple sand retaining structures 20. The multiple sand retaining structures 20 are spaced apart along the circumference of the mounting portion 11. At least one sand discharge hole 112 is provided between each pair of adjacent sand retaining structures 20. An angle α is formed between the adjacent walls of the two adjacent sand retaining structures 20, where α satisfies the following: 20° ≤ α ≤ 30°.

[0076] For example, two adjacent sand retaining structures 20 each have a first surface 21 and a second surface 22, where the angle between the first surface 21 of one sand retaining structure 20 and the second surface 22 of the other sand retaining structure 20 is α. If the angle is small, a negative pressure area will form on the air outlet side b of the mounting portion 11 as the hub 101 rotates, easily accumulating sand and dust within the mounting portion 11. This will also make it difficult to remove the hub 101 from the mold during manufacturing, affecting the manufacturing accuracy of the mounting portion 11. If the angle is large, the sand retaining structure 20 will have poor sand retaining effect in the circumferential direction when the hub 101 rotates, affecting the sand removal effect of the hub 101 along its central axis. Here, α = 25°. Therefore, by limiting the angle between the adjacent wall surfaces of the two adjacent sand retaining structures 20, sand removal is facilitated and the sand removal effect of the hub 101 is improved. Furthermore, it can facilitate the removal of the mold during manufacturing of the hub 101.

[0077] In some embodiments, in conjunction with Figures 6 to 9, at least one weight-reducing groove 13 is formed on the mounting portion 11. The weight-reducing groove 13 is located on the air inlet side a, and the sand discharge hole 112 is formed on the bottom wall 131 of the weight-reducing groove 13. That is, a weight-reducing groove 13 is further provided on the mounting portion 11 for reducing the weight of the hub 101. The weight-reducing groove 13 is provided on one side of the sand discharge hole 112 close to the center of the mounting portion 11 along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting portion 11. The weight-reducing groove 13 is formed by a portion of the mounting portion 11 that is recessed from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b, thereby reducing the accumulation of sand and dust in the weight-reducing groove 13, so that the sand and dust in the weight-reducing groove 13 can be quickly discharged from the sand discharge hole 112, thereby increasing the air intake of the impeller 10. Sand removal holes 112 are provided on the sidewall of the weight-reducing groove 13, adjacent to the air outlet side b. These holes are located at the bottom of the weight-reducing groove 13 along the central axis of the mounting portion 11 and are arranged on one side of the weight-reducing groove 13 along the circumference of the mounting portion 11. Some sand and dust that enters the fan 100 is blocked by the weight-reducing groove 13 and flows back down the air inlet side a of the mounting portion 11, while some is blown toward the air outlet side b through the sand removal holes 112.

[0078] Thus, the provision of the weight-reducing groove 13 can facilitate reducing the weight of the impeller 10, achieving a lightweight impeller 10, allowing the impeller 10 to rotate more smoothly and effectively blocking sand and dust, allowing the sand and dust to slide off from the air inlet side a. At the same time, the sand discharge holes 112 provided in the weight-reducing groove 13 can further enhance the sand discharge capacity of the hub 101 and reduce the accumulation of sand and dust on the hub 101, allowing the sand and dust in the weight-reducing groove 13 to flow away from the sand discharge holes 112, reducing the accumulation of sand and dust in the weight-reducing groove 13.

[0079] In addition, the provision of the weight-reducing groove 13 and the sand-discharging hole 112 can increase the air intake capacity of the hub 101 and increase the air flow rate, so as to better remove the sand and dust on the discharge surface 113, and facilitate the formation of a negative pressure environment on the air outlet side b of the hub 101 so that part of the air can enter the mounting portion 11 to dissipate heat for the motor 50.

[0080] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the sand discharge holes 112 are located upstream of the weight reduction groove 13 along the rotation direction of the hub 101. The sand discharge holes 112 are located upstream of the weight reduction groove 13 along the rotation direction of the impeller 10. For example, when viewed from the air inlet side a, the hub 101 rotates clockwise, and the sand discharge holes 112 are located upstream of the weight reduction groove 13. That is, the direction from the upstream end to the downstream end of a weight reduction groove 13 is the same as the rotation direction of the impeller 10. As the impeller 10 rotates, the sand and dust in the weight reduction groove 13 flows toward the side of the weight reduction groove 13 adjacent to the upstream under the action of centrifugal force. The sand discharge holes 112 are located on the upstream side to smoothly discharge the sand and dust in the weight reduction groove 13, thereby preventing the accumulation of sand and dust in the weight reduction groove 13. The term "upstream" in the direction of impeller 10's rotation can be understood as meaning that when impeller 10 rotates clockwise, air rotates counterclockwise along the circumference of mounting portion 11 on outlet side b, flowing along the circumference of mounting portion 11 toward the side of the weight-reducing groove 13 where the sand discharge holes 112 are located. In other words, the direction of sand flow is the same as the direction of hub 101's rotation, with sand flowing on outlet side b toward the sand discharge holes 112 within weight-reducing groove 13. Sand within weight-reducing groove 13 flows upstream, where it converges and flows out through sand discharge holes 112.

[0081] Therefore, the sand discharge hole 112 is located upstream of the weight reduction groove 13 along the rotation direction of the impeller 10, which can facilitate the sand and dust in the weight reduction groove 13 to flow to the sand discharge hole 112 under the action of centrifugal force, increase the flow rate of the sand and dust in the sand discharge hole 112, facilitate the sand and dust to flow out faster, reduce the possibility of sand and dust adhering to the impeller 10, and reduce the impact of sand and dust on the rotation of the impeller 10.

[0082] 9 , the bottom wall 131 of the weight-reducing groove 13 extends obliquely from the air inlet side a toward the air outlet side b in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting portion 11. The sand discharge hole 112 is formed on a side of the bottom wall 131 of the weight-reducing groove 13 away from the central axis of the mounting portion 11.

[0083] The bottom wall 131 of the weight-reducing groove 13 extends along the central axis of the mounting portion 11, gradually extending from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b, away from the center of the mounting portion 11. Under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, dust within the weight-reducing groove 13 can be concentrated on the side of the weight-reducing groove 13, perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting portion 11, away from the center of the mounting portion 11. This allows dust that enters the weight-reducing groove 13 to be concentrated at the sand discharge hole 112 and then discharged from the sand discharge hole 112 under the action of air flow. This can reduce the accumulation of dust within the weight-reducing groove 13 and reduce the dynamic imbalance of the hub 101 caused by dust adhering to the hub 101. Thus, the inclined arrangement of the bottom wall 131 of the weight-reducing groove 13 facilitates the smooth discharge of dust that has entered from the sand discharge hole 112, increasing the sand discharge capacity of the sand discharge hole 112 and reducing the adhesion of dust to the hub 101. This balances the forces applied to various parts of the hub 101 and reduces wear and vibration of the hub 101.

[0084] The angle between the bottom wall 131 of the weight-reducing groove 13 and the central axis of the mounting portion 11 is β, where β = 25°. Specifically, the angle of inclination of the bottom wall 131 can be selectively designed based on the specific usage scenario and the difficulty of the implementation process. Here, the angle of inclination of the bottom wall 131 includes but is not limited to 25°. For example, the angle of the bottom wall 131 relative to the central axis of the mounting portion 11 can be in the range of 0 < α ≤ 90°.

[0085] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4, 5, 8, and 9, the mounting portion 11 is formed with at least one through-hole 111, extending obliquely from the air inlet side a toward the air outlet side b, and away from the central axis of the mounting portion 11. For example, the through-hole 111 is located near the edge of the mounting portion 11, and the central axis of the through-hole 111 forms an acute angle with the central axis of the mounting portion 11. As dust flows from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b, it gradually moves away from the center of the mounting portion 11. During rotation, the hub 101 generates centrifugal force perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting portion 11. Dust entering the hub 101 is moved toward the outer periphery of the mounting portion 11 under the influence of centrifugal force and its own gravity. Therefore, by obliquely extending the through-hole 111 away from the central axis, the opening direction of the through-hole 111 can be aligned with the direction of dust flow.

[0086] Therefore, the through hole 111 extends obliquely in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting portion 11, so that sand and dust can be discharged from the through hole 111. At the same time, the centrifugal force of the rotation of the wheel hub 101 can accelerate the flow of sand and dust, and can further ensure that sand and dust do not accumulate on the wheel hub 101, thereby reducing the impact on the stability of the rotation of the wheel hub 101, and the rotation of the wheel hub 101 is better.

[0087] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4-7 , the mounting portion 11 is formed with a plurality of sand-discharge holes 112 and a plurality of through-holes 111. Both the plurality of sand-discharge holes 112 and the plurality of through-holes 111 are spaced apart along the circumference of the mounting portion 11. The plurality of through-holes 111 are disposed on the surface of the mounting portion 11 adjacent to the air inlet side a, and are radially inward of the plurality of sand-discharge holes 112. Both the through-holes 111 and the sand-discharge holes 112 are used to discharge sand. Under the influence of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller 10 and its own gravity, sand and dust flow radially toward the outside of the mounting portion 11. Some of the sand and dust that flows back through the air inlet side a of the through-holes 111 flows into the weight-reducing grooves 13 and out of the sand-discharge holes 112. The sand-discharge holes 112 located within the weight-reducing grooves 13 have a stronger sand-discharge capability than the through-holes 111, effectively utilizing the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the impeller 10 to accelerate the sand-discharge capability of the impeller 10.

[0088] Optionally, the mounting portion 11 is formed with a drainage surface 113 on the air outlet side b. The drainage surface 113 is disposed facing the air outlet side b. The plurality of sand discharge holes 112 are located radially outward of the plurality of through holes 111 along the mounting portion 11. The drainage surface 113 is located radially outward of the plurality of through holes 111 along the mounting portion 11.

[0089] A plurality of through holes 111 and a plurality of sand discharge holes 112 are arranged along the radial direction of the mounting portion 11, and the sand discharge holes 112 are arranged on the radial outside of the through holes 111. A sewage surface 113 is arranged on the radial outside of the through hole 111. The sand discharge holes 112 pass through the side wall where the sewage surface 113 is located. The sand discharge holes 112 can blow away the sand and dust accumulated on the sewage surface 113. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the wheel hub 101 can accelerate the sand and dust to flow along the radial direction of the mounting portion 11 toward the through holes 111 and the sand discharge holes 112, thereby increasing the flow rate in the through holes 111 and the sand discharge holes 112. The air passing through the through holes 111 can flow to the sewage surface 113 and, in combination with the sand discharge holes 112, carry away the sand and dust from the windward side b, thereby increasing the sand discharge capacity of the wheel hub 101, improving the adhesion of sand and dust on the wheel hub 101, and increasing the flow of air between the wind inlet side a and the wind outlet side b.

[0090] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 5-7 , the plurality of sand removal holes 112 and the plurality of through holes 111 are opposed to each other. That is, the plurality of sand removal holes 112 and the plurality of through holes 111 correspond one-to-one on the mounting portion 11 . Air entering through the through holes 111 can be blown between two adjacent sand retaining structures 20 , helping to discharge sand and dust from the discharge surface 113 and preventing sand and dust from accumulating between the two adjacent sand retaining structures 20 . This further prevents sand and dust from accumulating between the two adjacent sand retaining structures 20 and enhances the sand removal efficiency of the wheel hub 101 .

[0091] Specifically, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the sand discharge holes 112 deviate from the corresponding through holes 111 in the radial direction of the mounting portion 11. The sand discharge holes 112 are located downstream of the corresponding through holes 111 in the direction of rotation of the hub 101. The sand discharge holes 112 are located radially outward of the through holes 111 along the radial direction of the mounting portion 11, and the through holes 111 and the sand discharge holes 112 are staggered in the radial direction of the mounting portion 11. Along the rotation direction of the impeller 10, the sand discharge holes 112 are located downstream of the through holes 111. That is, for the through holes 111 and the sand discharge holes 112 in the same orientation, the sand and dust on the surface a of the air inlet side first passes through the through holes 111 and then passes through the sand discharge holes 112. The sand discharge holes 112 are located on the upstream side of the bottom wall 131 of the weight reduction groove 13 along the circumference of the mounting portion 11. For example, the bottom wall 131 of the weight-reducing groove 13 has a first side and a second side in the circumferential direction of the mounting portion 11. When the wheel hub 101 rotates from the second side to the first side, the sand discharge hole 112 is arranged adjacent to the second side so that sand and dust can be quickly discharged from the sand discharge hole 112 under the action of centrifugal force.

[0092] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 5, 9, and 10, the mounting portion 11 includes a mounting plate 114 and a peripheral wall 115. The two axial sides of the mounting plate 114 are the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b, respectively. The peripheral wall 115 includes a first sub-wall 1151 and a second sub-wall 1152. One end of the first sub-wall 1151 is connected to the mounting plate 114, and extends obliquely from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b, while the other end of the first sub-wall 1151 extends away from the central axis of the mounting plate 114. The side surface of the first sub-wall 1151 adjacent to the central axis of the mounting plate 114 is a sewage discharge surface 113. The first sub-wall 1151 is arranged adjacent to the center of the mounting portion 11 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the mounting portion 11, and extends obliquely from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b in a direction away from the central axis. A side surface of the first sub-wall 1151 away from the second sub-wall 1152 is a sewage discharge surface 113 , so that the dust flowing to the air outlet side b can be discharged along the sewage discharge surface 113 .

[0093] One end of the second sub-wall 1152 is connected to the other end of the first sub-wall 1151. That is, the first and second sub-walls 1151 and 1152 are adjacent on the air outlet side b of the mounting portion 11, and the other end of the second sub-wall 1152 extends toward the air inlet side a. The one end of the first sub-wall 1151 extends obliquely toward the central axis of the mounting portion 11, away from the other end of the second sub-wall 1152. Multiple blades 12 are connected to the outer periphery of the second sub-wall 1152 and are spaced apart along the circumference of the mounting plate 114.

[0094] In this embodiment, the peripheral wall 115 is provided with a first sub-wall 1151 and a second sub-wall 1152 along the central axis of the vertical mounting portion 11. The first sub-wall 1151 extends obliquely from the air inlet side a toward the air outlet side b in a direction away from the central axis. The end of the first sub-wall 1151 away from the central axis of the mounting portion 11 is connected to the second sub-wall 1152, and the end of the second sub-wall 1152 away from the first sub-wall 1151 extends along the central axis of the mounting portion 11 toward the air inlet side a. The sand retaining structure 20 is provided on the side of the first sub-wall 1151 away from the second sub-wall 1152. The blades 12 are provided on the side of the second sub-wall 1152 away from the first sub-wall 1151, and a plurality of blades 12 are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the second sub-wall 1152. Thus, the provision of the first sub-wall 1151 and the second sub-wall 1152 facilitates the formation of a weight-reducing groove 13 on the air inlet side a, thereby improving the structural strength of the mounting portion 11. At the same time, a dirt discharge surface 113 is formed on the air outlet side b, which increases the speed of sand and dust flowing on the air outlet side b and improves the sand discharge capability of the impeller 10 .

[0095] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the hub 101 includes a mounting portion 11. At least one sand discharge hole 112 is formed on the mounting portion 11. The sand discharge hole 112 passes through the mounting portion 11. Thus, as the air flows in the sand discharge hole 112 from the air inlet side a to the air outlet side b, part of the sand and dust can flow from the sand discharge hole 112 to the air outlet side b, taking away the sand and dust on the air outlet side b of the mounting portion 11, avoiding the accumulation of sand and dust on the air outlet side b, increasing the flow of air on the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b, improving the negative pressure area formed by the mounting portion 11 on the air outlet side b, and reducing the possibility of sand and dust adhering to the mounting portion 11 due to negative pressure backflow.

[0096] Optionally, the central axis of the sand discharge hole 112 is parallel to the central axis of the mounting portion 11. That is, the sand discharge hole 112 extends through the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b of the mounting portion 11 along the central axis of the mounting portion 11, ensuring air flow within the sand discharge hole 112 and increasing the air flow rate within the sand discharge hole 112 to better discharge sand and dust that may accumulate on the air outlet side b of the mounting portion 11.

[0097] Furthermore, there are multiple sand discharge holes 112, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the mounting portion 11. Thus, the multiple sand discharge holes 112 are spaced apart along the circumference of the mounting portion 11 so that when the hub 101 rotates, sand and dust on the air outlet side b can be blown out circumferentially due to centrifugal force and the sand discharge holes 112, thereby reducing the weight of the mounting portion 11 and improving the sand discharge effect of the hub 101.

[0098] In some embodiments, sand drainage holes 112 are positioned on the outer periphery of mounting portion 11. That is, sand drainage holes 112 are positioned adjacent to the outer periphery of mounting portion 11. In this case, sand drainage holes 112 are located farther from the center of mounting portion 11, and the centrifugal force generated at the outer periphery by the rotation of hub 101 is greater, which helps improve sand drainage at sand drainage holes 112. Furthermore, the positioning of sand drainage holes 112 can reduce interference with motor 50 located on the air outlet side b of hub 101, thereby reducing the impact of sand and dust on motor 50.

[0099] An impeller 10 according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present disclosure includes any of the aforementioned hubs 101. Hub 101 is provided with a sand retaining structure 20, a sand discharge hole 112, and a waste discharge surface 113. Sand and dust accumulated within hub 101 can be promptly discharged, preventing the accumulation of sand and dust within hub 101 from causing uneven force during rotation, resulting in wear and shortening the lifespan of hub 101. This also reduces noise generation and improves user comfort.

[0100] According to the fan 100 of the embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure. The fan 100 includes a wind shield 30 and an impeller 10. An opening 31 is formed on the wind shield 30, and the impeller 10 is the impeller 10 of any one of the above embodiments, and the impeller 10 is arranged at the opening 31. That is, at least one side of the wind shield 30 along the central axis direction of the mounting portion 11 is open to form the opening 31. The impeller 10 is installed in the wind shield 30 through the opening 31. The wind shield 30 can protect the impeller 10 and prevent more sand and dust from entering the front cabin.

[0101] Furthermore, a wind shield 32 is provided at the opening 31. A sand discharge port 321 is formed at the bottom of the wind shield 32. The sand discharge port 321 is opposite the impeller 10. During the rotation of the impeller 10, the dust and sand that flows back from the air inlet side a of the fan 100 and that slides down from the through hole 111 and the sand discharge hole 112 will fall into the wind shield 32, fall into the sand discharge port 321 along the circumference of the wind shield 32, and flow away from the sand discharge port 321. The wind shield 32 can be fixedly mounted on the wind shield 30, or the wind shield 32 and the wind shield 30 can be integrally formed. Therefore, the sand discharge port 321 is provided at the bottom of the wind shield 32 so that the dust and sand that fall during the operation of the fan 100 can flow away from the sand discharge port 321, thereby preventing the dust and sand from accumulating at the bottom of the wind shield 32.

[0102] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3 and 8, the fan 100 further includes a sand discharge valve 40. The sand discharge valve 40 is located at the sand discharge port 321. When the force exerted by the fluid at the sand discharge port 321 on the sand discharge valve 40 reaches the opening force of the sand discharge valve 40, the sand discharge port 321 opens. When the force exerted by the fluid at the sand discharge port 321 on the sand discharge valve 40 does not reach the opening force of the sand discharge valve 40, the sand discharge port 321 closes. In other words, as the fan 100 operates, sand and dust that enters the fan 100 and falls into the sand discharge port 321 accumulates. When the weight of the accumulated sand and dust exceeds the force exerted by the sand discharge valve 40 on the sand discharge port 321, the sand discharge port 321 opens, and the accumulated sand and dust flows out of the sand discharge port 321. When the weight accumulated at the sand discharge port 321 is less than the force exerted by the sand discharge valve 40 on the sand discharge port 321, the sand discharge valve 40 closes the sand discharge port 321 to increase the stability of the air flow in the fan 100 when the sand discharge is not needed, and reduce the impact of the uneven air flow on the stability of the rotation of the impeller 10 when the sand discharge valve 40 is open, so that the impeller 10 can maintain good stability and improve the quietness and reliability of the operation of the fan 100.

[0103] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 8-10 , the sand discharge valve 40 includes a sand discharge baffle 41 and at least one elastic return element. The sand discharge baffle 41 is openably and closably disposed at the sand discharge opening 321. The sand discharge baffle 41 is rotatably connected to the wind shield 32. The elastic return element is configured to keep the sand discharge baffle 41 constantly closed. A mounting slot is provided on the wind shield 30 opposite the sand discharge opening 321, and the elastic return element is disposed within the mounting slot. The elastic return element may be a spiral spring or a torsion spring. One end of the elastic return element abuts against the sand discharge baffle 41, and the other end abuts against the wind shield 30. Under external force, the sand discharge baffle 41 rotates away from the sand discharge opening 321. When the external force is less than the force exerted by the elastic return element, the sand discharge baffle 41 closes the sand discharge opening 321.

[0104] Thus, the provision of sand discharge valve 40 enables automatic opening and closing of sand discharge port 321. The sand discharge valve 40 has a simple structure, is easy to design and install, and provides a good sand discharge effect, effectively reducing sand discharge costs. The external force here can be the gravity of the sand and dust at the sand discharge port 321, or the combined force of gravity and the centrifugal force. The sand discharge valve 40 that closes and opens the sand discharge port 321 is not limited, and the sand discharge valve 40 can be a solenoid valve.

[0105] Furthermore, the sand discharge valve 40 includes at least one rotating shaft 42. The rotating shaft 42 is rotatably mounted on the wind shield 32. The sand discharge baffle 41 is connected to the rotating shaft 42. An elastic return element is mounted on the rotating shaft 42, driving the sand discharge baffle 41 to open and close the sand discharge opening 321. The rotating shaft 42 is rotatably mounted on the wind shield 32. The sand discharge baffle 41 is connected to the rotating shaft 42. The elastic return element is connected between the rotating shaft 42 and the wind shield 32. The elastic return element is mounted on the rotating shaft 42 so that the rotating shaft 42 supports and limits the elastic return element and the sand discharge baffle 41.

[0106] In some embodiments, fan 100 further includes a motor 50. Motor 50 is mounted on mounting portion 11. Motor 50 includes a rotor, which is connected to mounting portion 11. Specifically, motor 50 is mounted on a side of mounting portion 11 adjacent to the air outlet side (b). When the rotor is mounted on mounting portion 11, the motor 50 rotates with mounting portion 11, allowing air to enter.

[0107] The vehicle 200 according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure, in conjunction with FIG12 , includes the fan 100 according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0108] According to the vehicle 200 of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a fan 100 with sand removal capability is provided in the front cabin of the vehicle 200 to enable the vehicle 200 to travel in extreme environments such as desert areas. Due to the perennial wind and sand in desert areas, the fan 100 will bring in a lot of sand and dust while cooling. A plurality of sand removal holes 112 and a sand removal port 321 are provided on the mounting portion 11 of the fan 100 to enable the sand and dust on the fan 100 to be discharged in a timely manner, effectively avoiding the accumulation of sand and dust on the fan 100 and reducing the influence on the stability of the rotation of the multi-impeller 10. Moreover, due to the provision of the through holes 111 and the sand removal holes 112 and the sand retaining structure 20 on the fan 100, the sand and dust can be accelerated to flow out during the rotation of the fan 100 under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the fan 100 and the gravity of the sand and dust itself, thereby improving the sand removal effect of the fan 100, ensuring the safe operation of the fan 100, and increasing the service life of the vehicle 200. At the same time, the provision of multiple sand discharge holes 112 and sand discharge ports 321 can facilitate increasing the circulation of air between the air inlet side a and the air outlet side b, thereby increasing the heat dissipation effect on the engine or drive motor in the front cabin, and can form a negative pressure environment on the air outlet side b of the fan 100 to increase the heat dissipation of the motor 50 of the fan 100 by air return.

[0109] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0110] In the description of the present disclosure, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, "plurality" means two or more. In the description of the present disclosure, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them. In the description of the present disclosure, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.

[0111] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0112] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wheel hub (101), characterized in that: include: A mounting portion (11), wherein two axial sides of the mounting portion (11) are respectively an air inlet side (a) and an air outlet side (b); A sewage discharge surface (113) is formed on the mounting portion (11), and the sewage discharge surface (113) is arranged obliquely along the direction from the air inlet side (a) to the air outlet side (b).

2. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dirt discharge surface (113) faces the air outlet side (b), and along the direction from the air inlet side (a) to the air outlet side (b), the dirt discharge surface (113) is inclined in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting portion (11).

3. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The dirt discharge surface (113) faces the air inlet side (a), and along the direction from the air outlet side (b) to the air inlet side (a), the dirt discharge surface (113) is inclined in a direction close to the central axis of the mounting portion (11).

4. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sewage discharge surface (113) extends along the circumference of the mounting portion (11).

5. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: At least one sand discharge hole (112) is formed on the mounting portion (11), the sand discharge hole (112) passes through the mounting portion (11), and the sand discharge hole (112) intersects with the sewage discharge surface (113).

6. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 5, characterized in that The central axis of the sand discharge hole (112) is parallel to the central axis of the mounting portion (11).

7. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The wheel hub (101) further comprises: A sand retaining structure (20) is provided on the air outlet side (b) of the mounting portion (11), and the sand retaining structure (20) is provided along at least one side surface of the mounting portion (11) in a circumferential direction thereof and is inclined relative to the central axis of the mounting portion (11).

8. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two side surfaces of the sand retaining structure (20) along the circumferential direction of the mounting portion (11) are respectively a first surface (21) and a second surface (22), and the first surface (21) is arranged upstream of the second surface (22) along the rotation direction of the hub (101); The first surface (21) is parallel to the central axis of the mounting portion (11), and the second surface (22) is arranged obliquely relative to the central axis of the mounting portion (11).

9. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: There are a plurality of the sand retaining structures (20), and the plurality of the sand retaining structures (20) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting portion (11); An angle α is formed between two adjacent wall surfaces of two adjacent sand retaining structures (20), and the angle α satisfies: 20°≤α≤30°.

10. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that: At least one weight-reducing groove (13) is formed on the mounting portion (11), the weight-reducing groove (13) is located on the air inlet side (a), and the sand discharge hole (112) is formed on the bottom wall (131) of the weight-reducing groove (13).

11. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 10, characterized in that The sand discharge hole (112) is located upstream of the weight reduction groove (13) along the rotation direction of the wheel hub (101).

12. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: Along the direction from the air inlet side (a) toward the air outlet side (b), the bottom wall (131) of the weight-reducing groove (13) extends obliquely in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting portion (11), and the sand discharge hole (112) is formed on a side of the bottom wall (131) of the weight-reducing groove (13) away from the central axis of the mounting portion (11).

13. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: At least one through hole (111) is formed on the mounting portion (11), and the through hole (111) extends obliquely in a direction from the air inlet side (a) toward the air outlet side (b) and in a direction away from the central axis of the mounting portion (11).

14. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that: A plurality of sand discharge holes (112) are formed on the mounting portion (11), and the plurality of sand discharge holes (112) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting portion (11).

15. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (111) are formed on the mounting portion (11), and the plurality of through holes (111) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting portion (11).

16. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that: The mounting portion (11) is formed with a plurality of sand discharge holes (112), a plurality of through holes (111) and at least one sewage discharge surface (113); the plurality of sand discharge holes (112) are located radially outside the plurality of through holes (111) along the mounting portion (11); and the sewage discharge surface (113) is located radially outside the plurality of through holes (111) along the mounting portion (11).

17. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 16, characterized in that The plurality of sand discharge holes (112) and the plurality of through holes (111) are respectively opposite to each other.

18. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: The mounting portion (11) comprises: A mounting plate (114), wherein two sides of the mounting plate (114) along the axial direction of the mounting plate (114) are respectively an air inlet side (a) and an air outlet side (b); A peripheral wall (115), the peripheral wall (115) comprising a first sub-wall (1151) and a second sub-wall (1152), one end of the first sub-wall (1151) being connected to the mounting plate (114), extending in a direction from the air inlet side (a) to the air outlet side (b), the other end of the first sub-wall (1151) being inclined toward a direction away from the central axis of the mounting plate (114), a side surface of the first sub-wall (1151) adjacent to the central axis of the mounting plate (114) being the sewage discharge surface (113), one end of the second sub-wall (1152) being connected to the other end of the first sub-wall (1151), and the other end of the second sub-wall (1152) extending in a direction toward the air inlet side (a).

19. A wheel hub (101), characterized in that: include: A mounting portion (11), wherein at least one sand discharge hole (112) is formed on the mounting portion (11), and the sand discharge hole (112) passes through the mounting portion (11).

20. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 19, characterized in that The central axis of the sand discharge hole (112) is parallel to the central axis of the mounting portion (11).

21. The wheel hub (101) according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that: There are a plurality of sand discharge holes (112), and the plurality of sand discharge holes (112) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting portion (11).

22. The wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that: The sand discharge hole (112) is arranged on the outer periphery of the mounting portion (11).

23. An impeller (10), characterized in that: The invention comprises a wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 1-18 or a wheel hub (101) according to any one of claims 19-22.

24. A fan (100), characterized in that: include: A wind shield (30), wherein an opening (31) is formed on the wind shield (30); An impeller (10), wherein the impeller (10) is the impeller (10) according to claim 23, and the impeller (10) is arranged at the opening (31).

25. The fan (100) according to claim 24, characterized in that: A wind protection ring (32) is provided at the opening (31), and a sand discharge port (321) is formed at the bottom of the wind protection ring (32), and the sand discharge port (321) is opposite to the impeller (10).

26. The fan (100) according to claim 25, characterized in that: Also includes: a sand discharge valve (40), the sand discharge valve (40) being arranged at the sand discharge port (321), When the force exerted by the fluid at the sand discharge port (321) on the sand discharge valve (40) reaches the opening force of the sand discharge valve (40), the sand discharge port (321) is opened; when the force exerted by the fluid at the sand discharge port (321) on the sand discharge valve (40) does not reach the opening force of the sand discharge valve (40), the sand discharge port (321) is closed.

27. The fan (100) according to claim 26, characterized in that: The sand discharge valve (40) comprises: The sand discharge baffle (41) is openably and closably arranged at the sand discharge port (321). The baffle plate (41) is rotatably connected to the wind protection ring (32); At least one elastic reset member (43), wherein the elastic reset member (43) is configured to enable the sand discharge baffle (41) to always close the sand discharge port (321).

28. The fan (100) according to claim 27, characterized in that: Further including: At least one rotating shaft (42), the rotating shaft (42) is rotatably arranged on the wind shield (32), the sand discharge baffle (41) is connected to the rotating shaft (42), and the elastic reset member (43) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (42) to drive the sand discharge baffle (41) to open and close the sand discharge port (321).

29. The fan (100) according to any one of claims 24-28, characterized in that: Further including: A motor (50), the motor (50) being arranged at the mounting portion (11), the motor (50) comprising a rotor (501), and the mounting portion (11) being connected to the rotor (501).

30. A vehicle (200), characterized in that: It comprises a fan (100) according to any one of claims 24-29.

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