Rotary peeling head

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotary peeling head (1) for machining a workpiece, in particular a metal workpiece, such as a metal rod, comprising a main part (2) with a central recess (11) for axially introducing the workpiece and a plurality of tool supports (4) arranged on the main part (2) for receiving at least one respective cutting element for machining the workpiece, wherein the tool supports (5) can be fixed in different positions in the radial direction (R). According to the invention, the main part (2) has a plurality of guides (3), in particular radially running guides, for the tool supports (4) and at least one actuator (5), by means of which the tool supports (4) can be brought to the desired position in a preferably infinitely variable manner along the paired guide (3).

Description

[0001] rotary peeling head

[0002] The invention relates to a rotary peeling head for machining a particularly metallic workpiece such as a metal rod, comprising a base body with a central recess for axial insertion of the workpiece and a plurality of tool carriers arranged on the base body for receiving at least one cutting element each for machining the workpiece, wherein the tool carriers can be fixed in different positions in the radial direction.

[0003] Various prior art methods are known for machining elongated, round workpieces, particularly metal bars. For example, so-called longitudinal cylindrical turning is known, in which the elongated workpiece is machined while rotating by positioning a tool holder with a suitable cutting element and moving it along the axial direction of the workpiece so that the cutting element engages with the workpiece. Material is removed from the surface of the workpiece by machining. The selected feed rate, together with the infeed depth, determines the machining process, with a distinction being made between roughing and finishing. Roughing involves pre-machining the workpiece during longitudinal cylindrical turning, which saves a lot of time.During the subsequent finishing step, however, the final contour is created at a lower feed rate and high cutting speed, usually with a small infeed. For both machining processes, there are specially designed inserts that are mounted on tool holders.

[0004] In rotary peeling, however, unlike longitudinal cylindrical turning, the rotary movement is not carried out by the workpiece but by the tool, usually a so-called rotary peeling head. Rotary peeling heads usually have several tool holders, each equipped with at least one cutting element in order to achieve suitable machining of a metal bar passed through a central recess in the base body of the rotary peeling head. The tool holders can be equipped with several cutting inserts that can engage one after the other, so that ultimately several machining operations can be carried out and completed in a single pass of the metal bar to be machined. Various rotary peeling heads have become known from the prior art, but they do have certain disadvantages. Some of the known rotary peeling heads have only limited adjustability.For example, to cover diameter ranges from 2 mm to 50 mm, individual systems require the use of ten different rotary peeling heads. While this may be acceptable for large-scale industrial production, it leads to very long setup times for smaller companies with frequently changing special orders. Furthermore, precisely setting a radius with conventional rotary peeling heads is often complex because it requires a dial indicator.

[0005] To achieve small infeed depths of, for example, a p To eliminate only 2.5 mm, more complex systems were developed that allow a greater feed depth of a p 3.0 mm. The corresponding rotary peeling heads are significantly more complex and therefore more expensive, but the resulting advantage of a greater feed depth is manageable.

[0006] This is where the invention comes in. The object of the invention is to provide a generic rotary peeling head that allows for greater feed depths while simultaneously maintaining a simple and stable tool design.

[0007] This object is achieved if, in a rotary peeling head of the type mentioned at the outset, the base body has a plurality of, in particular radially extending, guides for the tool carriers and at least one adjusting means with which the tool carriers can be brought into the desired position, preferably continuously, along the associated guide.

[0008] One advantage achieved by the invention is that the interaction of the provided guides with the tool carriers allows for a maximized feed depth. At the same time, a stable and easy-to-use structure is achieved. Using the adjusting device(s), the individual tool carriers can be moved, preferably continuously, within the guides and fixed in a desired position, depending on the feed depth.

[0009] The tool carriers and the associated guides are preferably each designed with corresponding surfaces, in particular with corresponding projections and recesses. This ensures that the individual

[0010] Tool carriers can be held in a continuously linearly movable manner without tilting.

[0011] This can be optimized by appropriate forward and backward jumps.

[0012] The guides are preferably formed with a groove in which the associated tool carrier is slidably received, particularly longitudinally. Typically, only a portion of the tool carrier or a portion thereof is accommodated in the associated guide. Otherwise, the tool carrier is exposed, if possible, so that it is easily accessible to operating personnel.

[0013] The adjusting means(s) can in principle be designed in any desired manner, as long as the adjusting means(s) are configured such that, upon actuation of the adjusting means, the associated tool carrier can be displaced in the guide for the tool carrier in both directions, i.e., toward the axial receptacle, but also away from it in the radial direction. However, it is particularly preferred that the at least one adjusting means is rotatable, with a rotary movement of the adjusting means causing a linear movement of the tool carrier(s) in the guide(s). Thus, a rotary movement of the adjusting means is converted into a longitudinal movement of the tool carrier, which enables particularly simple adjustment of the tool carrier.

[0014] The tool holders can be constructed as a single piece. However, it is advantageous for the tool holders to be formed with a carriage positioned in the respective guide and a tool holder, the tool holder being detachably attached to the carriage. This allows the tool holder, including the cutting elements attached to it, such as cutting inserts, or possibly even multiple cutting inserts attached to it, to be quickly removed by detaching it from the carriage. The tool holder can then be refitted, for example, if one or more cutting inserts become worn. Afterwards, it is only necessary to reattach the tool holder to the carriage. The carriage therefore does not have to be removed from the guide when cutting inserts need to be replaced. This can further reduce setup times.It is particularly advantageous if the adjusting means is ring-shaped and rotatably fastened to the base body for moving at least one tool carrier. The adjusting means is then formed in a connecting region corresponding to the circumference of the base body. Rotation of the adjusting means then allows a feed depth to be set particularly precisely. The adjusting means can comprise a first ring and a second ring, wherein the first ring is connected to the base body via a thread and wherein the second ring is mounted on the first ring such that it is decoupled from any rotational movement of the first ring. A rotational movement of the first ring then causes the second ring to advance without it rotating forward with the first ring.If the second ring is connected to the tool carrier, as intended, the rotary movement of the first ring and the associated linear displacement of the second ring, with a suitable design, can move the connected tool carrier in a radial direction. This linear displacement of the tool carrier can occur toward the axial recess of the base body, but also in the opposite direction.

[0015] In this context, it can be provided that a rotary movement of the first ring causes a linear displacement of the second ring and that the second ring is connected to the tool carriers via lugs. The lugs can advantageously be designed so that they carry the tool carriers with them. In this context, in particular, it can also be provided that the adjusting means is designed to move all tool carriers simultaneously. This makes it possible to move all tool carriers simultaneously in the respective associated guide towards or away from the center or the central recess. This allows extremely efficient adjustment to a desired infeed depth and thus further reduces setup times for machining the next product(s).

[0016] In particular, it can be provided that the tool carrier has a first contact surface running obliquely to an axial direction and / or radial direction, which interacts with a first pressing surface that corresponds at least in some areas, wherein the first pressing surface causes a displacement of the tool carrier towards the central recess upon axial movement in the axial direction towards the tool carrier. Conversely, it can also be provided that the tool carrier has a second contact surface running obliquely to an axial direction and / or radial direction, which interacts with a second pressing surface that corresponds at least in some areas, wherein the second pressing surface causes a displacement of the tool carrier away from the central recess upon axial movement in the axial direction away from the tool carrier.It is particularly advantageous if the contact surfaces, in conjunction with the associated pressing surfaces, in particular corresponding surfaces of a previously discussed nose of an adjusting device, enable both movement of the tool carrier toward and away from the central recess. When combined with an annular adjusting device of the previously discussed design, a feed depth can be set precisely and quickly by rotating the first ring.

[0017] Further features, advantages, and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following exemplary embodiments. Reference is made to the drawings, which show:

[0018] Fig. 1 shows part of a first variant of a rotary peeling head according to the invention;

[0019] Fig. 2 shows a section from Fig. 1;

[0020] Fig. 3 a second variant of a rotary peeling head;

[0021] Fig. 4 shows a partial cross-section through a rotary peeling head according to Fig. 3;

[0022] Fig. 5 is a partially exploded view of a third variant of a rotary peeling head; Fig. 6 shows the rotary peeling head from Fig. 5 in assembled condition;

[0023] Fig. 7 shows the rotary peeling head from Fig. 5 in a front view;

[0024] Fig. 8 shows the rotary peeling head from Fig. 5 in a side view;

[0025] Fig. 9 is a cross-section along the line IX-IX in Fig. 7;

[0026] Fig. 10 is a section along the line XX in Fig. 7;

[0027] Fig. 11 is a section along the line XI-XI in Fig. 7;

[0028] Fig. 12 the rotary peeling head from Fig. 5 in a further frontal view;

[0029] Fig. 13 shows the rotary peeling head from Fig. 5 in a side view in a second position;

[0030] Fig. 14 is a section along the line XIV-XIV in Fig. 12;

[0031] Fig. 15 is a section along the line XV-XV in Fig. 12;

[0032] Fig. 16 is a section along the line XVI-XVI in Fig. 12.

[0033] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a first variant of a rotary peeling head 1 according to the invention. The rotary peeling head 1 has a base body 2 with a central recess 11. A round metal rod, which is to be machined on the surface, for example, due to scaling of the surface of the metal rod, can be guided through the central recess 11.

[0034] In this variant, as in all other embodiments, the base body 2 is designed as a substantially cylindrical block having multiple guides 3. The individual guides 3 are arranged at an angle of 90° to one another, which is also common to all embodiments. Each of the guides 3 accommodates a tool carrier 4. In principle, more or fewer guides 3 could be provided; however, a number of four guides 3 and thus a division of the segments at an angle of 90° has proven to be expedient in terms of optimum machining speed and quality as well as setup time.

[0035] The tool carriers 4 are each equipped with a cutting plate 43 at their ends. Thus, when the four tool carriers 4 are positioned against a metal bar to be machined, the four slightly protruding cutting plates 43 engage with the metal bar as the rotary peeling head 1 rotates around the metal bar, which is simultaneously pushed forward through the central recess 11.

[0036] The tool carriers 4 are each connected to an adjusting means 5. The adjusting means 5 is identical for all four guides 3 or tool carriers 4. Each adjusting means 5 comprises a threaded spindle 6 and a threaded spindle receptacle 7. The threaded spindle 6 connects the tool carrier 4 to the threaded spindle receptacle 7. For this purpose, a T-shaped recess is provided in the tool carrier 4, into which a bearing 61 of the threaded spindle 6 is inserted or placed. The bearing 61 of the threaded spindle 6 can be designed as a roller bearing so that the tool carrier 4 does not rotate when the threaded spindle 6 rotates. In the threaded spindle receptacle 7, however, the threaded spindle 6 is received with a (fine) thread. For this purpose, the threaded spindle 6, on the one hand, and the threaded spindle receptacle 7, on the other hand, have a corresponding internal thread and external thread.Furthermore, as indicated by the Allen key, the threaded spindle holder 7 can be securely fixed in position in the guide 3 by a clamping jaw 8. This allows for a rough adjustment. The threaded spindle 6 is then tightened using a hexagon wrench or the like.

[0037] When rotated, the threaded spindle 6 moves toward or away from the central recess 11, depending on the direction of rotation. Thus, the tool holder 4 can be moved linearly by rotating the threaded spindle 6, thus setting a feed depth. Once this fine adjustment has been made, a second clamping jaw 8, which is located closer to the central recess 11, is actuated to fix the tool holder 4.

[0038] Tests have shown that the solution of a rotary peeling head 1 shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 still has potential for improvement in the sense that axial centrifugal forces can be very high. In a further development, a rotary peeling head 1 according to the variant in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 therefore additionally has a fixable stop 9, which can also accommodate a clamping screw 10 for the purpose of wedging, and which is fixed to the base body 2 with fastening screws 14. The stop 9, which is detachably attached to the base body 2, in conjunction with the clamping screw 10, allows centrifugal forces to be handled effectively. The infeed depth for the tool holder 4 can still be adjusted using a threaded spindle 6.

[0039] In the second variant in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it is further evident that the tool carrier 4 is now constructed in two parts. The tool carrier 4 consists of a carriage 41, which is connected to a guide 3 and guided therein, and a tool holder 42, on which a cutting insert 43 is positioned for machining. The multi-part design of the tool carrier 4 offers the particular advantage that the tool carrier 4 can be quickly removed and refitted when the cutting insert wears. This can reduce setup times.

[0040] Fig. 5 to Fig. 16 show a further improved, third variant of a rotary peeling head 1 according to the invention. The rotary peeling head 1 again has an approximately cylindrical base body 2. In the exploded view according to Fig. 5 and the associated assembly drawing according to Fig. 6, it can be seen that the tool carrier 4 is constructed in several parts in the proven manner according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. The tool carrier 4 comprises in particular a carriage 41, which is mounted in the associated guide 3, and a tool holder 42 for a cutting insert 43. Again, the tool holder 42 of the tool carrier 4, as can be seen in particular from Fig. 6, can be easily detached from the carriage 41 and reattached thereto. Similar to the two previously explained variants, the base body 2 again has four guides 3, which are arranged at an angle of 90° to one another. In each of the guides 3, a tool carrier 4 is accommodated in a groove 31.

[0041] Compared to the previous variants, the tool carrier 4 additionally includes a clamping device 15, with which the tool holder 42, including the cutting plate 43, can be releasably secured to the carriage 41 with sufficient stability. Furthermore, a clamping jaw 12 is provided, with which the tool carrier 4 can be firmly fixed after a radial position has been determined. For this purpose, corresponding clamping jaw recesses 13 are provided in the base body 2.

[0042] The carriage 41 is basically constructed in one piece and has a carriage groove 44 on a rear area. This carriage groove 44 is designed to interact with the adjusting means 5, as will be explained below. In contrast to the two variants according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as well as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the third variant according to Fig. 5 to Fig. 16 provides that a single adjusting means 5 is designed to be able to move all tool carriers 4 simultaneously. In the third embodiment, this means that the four tool carriers 4 can be moved simultaneously. For this purpose, the adjusting means 5 is designed with a first ring 51 and a second ring 52, as can be seen in particular in cross-section in Fig. 9 or Fig. 14. The first ring 51 is connected to the second ring 52. The second ring 52 is rotatably mounted in a ring receptacle provided for this purpose.This means that the second ring 52 does not rotate when the first ring 51 is rotated. The first ring 51 is in turn connected to the base body 2 via a threaded connection. For this purpose, the base body 2 has a suitable external thread and the first ring 51 has a suitable internal thread, resulting in a threaded connection 44 as shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 14.

[0043] The second ring 52 further has four lugs 53 extending inwards, i.e. in the direction of the axial recess 11, which can be seen, for example, in Fig. 5. The lugs 53 are designed such that they can each interact with a carriage groove 44 and corresponding surfaces formed in the same. This is particularly visible in the cross-sectional views in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 for a first operating position and Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 for a second operating position. Individual surfaces of the lugs 53 interact with corresponding surfaces of the carriage 41 of the tool carrier 4. In the first operating position in Fig. 7 to Fig. 11, a lug 53 is shown in which the first ring 51 on the base body 2 is in a rear position. If the first ring 51 is now rotated, it and thus also the second ring 52 move in the axial direction A (Fig. 9) towards the tool carrier 4.Since the nose 53 has a pressing surface which comes into contact with a corresponding contact surface of the tool carrier 4 in the groove 31, the rotation and thus the linear displacement of the second ring 52 causes the nose 53 to be pressed onto the tool carrier 4, which is thereby moved in the radial direction R (Fig. 8) towards the axial recess 11, until the second operating position according to Fig. 12 to Fig. 16 is finally reached. As a comparison of Fig. 9 and Fig. 14 shows, the tool carriers 4 and thus also the.

[0044] Cutting plates 43 are moved toward each other so that a metal rod with a smaller diameter can be machined. If the first ring 51 is subsequently rotated in the opposite direction, the lugs 53 on the second ring 52 again ensure that the slides 41 are driven, this time outward in the radial direction R. Corresponding toothing of the lugs 53 with the corresponding surfaces in the area of ​​the slide groove 411 ensures that the tool holder 4 is moved either toward the central recess or away from it, depending on the direction of rotation.

[0045] With the variant according to Fig. 5 to Fig. 16, a rotary peeling head 1 is created, which allows a variation of the feed depth a over a very wide range. pFurthermore, due to the multi-part design of the tool carrier 4, setup times can be further optimized. A particular advantage is that all tool carriers 4 can be moved to a desired position simultaneously using a single adjusting device 5.

Claims

Claims 1. Rotary peeling head (1) for machining a workpiece, in particular a metallic one, such as a metal rod, comprising a base body (2) with a central recess (11) for axially inserting the workpiece and a plurality of tool carriers (4) arranged on the base body (2) for receiving at least one cutting element each for machining the workpiece, wherein the tool carriers (4) can be fixed in different positions in the radial direction (R), characterized in that the base body (2) has a plurality of, in particular radially extending, guides (3) for the tool carriers (4) and at least one adjusting means (5) with which the tool carriers (4) can be brought into the desired position, preferably continuously, along the associated guide (3).

2. Rotary peeling head (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool carriers (4) and the associated guides (3) are each formed with corresponding surfaces, in particular with corresponding projections and recesses.

3. Rotary peeling head (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guides (3) are formed with a groove (31) in which the associated tool carrier (4) is received displaceably, in particular longitudinally displaceably.

4. Rotary peeling head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one adjusting means (5) is rotatable, wherein a rotary movement of the adjusting means (5) causes a linear movement of the tool carrier(s) (4) in the guide (3) or the guides (3).

5. Rotary peeling head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tool carriers (4) are formed with a carriage (41) positioned in the respective guide (3) and a tool holder (42), wherein the tool holder (42) is detachably fastened to the carriage (41).

6. Rotary peeling head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adjusting means (5) is ring-shaped and is rotatably attached to the base body for moving at least one tool carrier (4).

7. Rotary peeling head (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the adjusting means (5) comprises a first ring (51) and a second ring (52), wherein the first ring (51) is connected to the base body (2) via a thread and wherein the second ring (52) is mounted on the first ring (51) decoupled from a rotational movement of the first ring (51).

8. Rotary peeling head (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that a rotary movement of the first ring (51) causes a linear displacement of the second ring (52) and that the second ring (52) is connected to the tool carriers (4) via lugs (53).

9. Rotary peeling head (1) according to 8, characterized in that the noses (53) are arranged to carry the tool carriers (4).

10. Rotary peeling head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the adjusting means (5) is arranged to move all tool carriers (4) simultaneously.

11. Rotary peeling head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tool carrier (4) has a first contact surface which runs obliquely to an axial direction (A) and / or radial direction (R) and which cooperates with an at least partially corresponding first pressing surface of the adjusting means (5), wherein the first pressing surface causes a displacement of the tool carrier (4) towards the central recess (11) during axial movement in the axial direction (A) towards the tool carrier (4).

12. Rotary peeling head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tool carrier (4) has a second contact surface which runs obliquely to an axial direction (A) and / or radial direction (R) and which cooperates with a second pressing surface which corresponds at least in regions, wherein the second pressing surface causes a displacement of the tool carrier (4) away from the central recess (11) during axial movement in the axial direction (A) away from the tool carrier (4).

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