Dispersion-based non-local polarization and spectral high-dimensional photoelectric detector

Abstract

A dispersion-based non-local polarization and spectral high-dimensional photoelectric detector. Incident light is modulated by a spatial light modulation module and then irradiates a non-local dispersion device (5) in the form of a specific spatial light field. Because of different polarization states and spectrums of the light in the spatial light field, the spatial light field that has passed through an angular channel generation component (4) irradiating the non-local dispersion device (5) will generate a corresponding transmitted intensity distribution; a light receiving module (6) images the transmitted intensity distribution; an information analysis module (7) analyzes the transmitted intensity distribution, and outputs high-dimensional intensity, polarization and spectral information of the incident light. The present application can detect with high precision high-dimensional light information of which the polarization state and the intensity vary with wavelengths, and acquire accurate intensity, polarization and spectral information only by a single measurement of a single detector, breaks through the detection dimension of conventional methods, reduces the complexity and measurement time costs of existing polarization and spectral imaging systems, and is significant for miniaturization and lightweightness of the polarization and spectral imaging systems.

Description

High-dimensional photodetector based on dispersion-based non-local polarization spectroscopy

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the Patent Office of China on October 10, 2023, with application number 202311308027.2 and invention name “Dispersion-based non-local polarization spectroscopy high-dimensional photodetector”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of optical detection technology, and in particular to a high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion-based non-local polarization spectrum. Background Art

[0003] Polarization-spectral multiplexing detection technology can simultaneously detect both the polarization state and spectral information of a target. It offers advantages such as high information density and multiple information dimensions. It can directly reveal the target's material composition, surface texture, and chemical makeup, extracting multi-dimensional information about the target and effectively identifying it. Polarization-spectral multiplexing detection technology has a wide range of applications in astronomical exploration, biological identification, remote sensing, medical diagnosis, and other fields.

[0004] Traditional polarization-spectral multiplexing detection technology is generally implemented by combining multiple polarization detectors and spectrometers. The detection of polarization and spectral information is generally based on the following two methods: the time-sharing method, which arranges the responses corresponding to different polarization or spectral information in a time series and then extracts and analyzes them separately; the amplitude-sharing method, which uses polarization-selective elements such as metal wire grids or dispersive elements such as prisms to disperse different polarization or spectral information to different spatial locations, and then extracts and analyzes them separately. However, existing methods have two major problems: First, polarization-spectral information is extracted separately. When multiplexing the full Stokes polarization state and ultra-wide spectrum, the number of detection units required or the total detection time increases exponentially, making it unsuitable for applications in miniaturization or rapid detection. Second, this combined detection method can only obtain intensity and polarization state information at a fixed wavelength or spectral and intensity information under a fixed polarization state. It is difficult to accurately detect high-dimensional information where polarization and intensity vary with wavelength over a wide spectral range (such as light emitted by blazars in practical applications or reflected light from thin film systems under oblique incidence). Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion-based non-local polarization spectroscopy, which can detect and image high-dimensional light information whose polarization state and intensity vary with wavelength in a single measurement over a wide spectral range. This detector opens up a new path for the research of ultra-compact, high-dimensional photoelectric imaging detectors.

[0006] The present invention provides a high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on non-local polarization spectrum dispersion, comprising: a spatial light modulation module, a non-local dispersion device, a light receiving module and an information analysis module;

[0007] The incident light is modulated by the spatial light modulation module to form a spatial light field. Due to the different polarization states and spectra of the light in the spatial light field, the spatial light field will produce a corresponding transmission intensity distribution when it is irradiated on the non-local dispersion device. The light receiving module receives the transmission intensity distribution and performs imaging. The information analysis module analyzes the transmission intensity distribution and outputs the high-dimensional intensity, polarization and spectral information of the incident light.

[0008] Preferably, the spatial light modulation module includes a beam collimation component, a polarization beam splitting component and an angle channel generating component. The beam collimation component is used to collimate the incident light; the polarization beam splitting component is used to change the polarization state of the incident light; and the angle channel generating component is used to generate an angle channel for the incident light.

[0009] Preferably, the angle channel generating component adopts a microscope objective lens, a lens, a microlens, a microlens array, a superlens, a supersurface, a grating, a micro-nano structure, a parabolic reflector, a scatterer or a microsphere structure.

[0010] Preferably, the non-local dispersion device can adopt an interface, a single-layer thin film structure, a multi-layer thin film structure, a metasurface, a photonic crystal, a two-dimensional material heterojunction device and a porous scattering medium.

[0011] Preferably, the information analysis module uses a fully connected neural network, a convolutional neural network, a residual neural network, a graph neural network, a recurrent neural network or a long short-term memory network to analyze the transmission intensity distribution.

[0012] Preferably, the intensity at any point in the transmission intensity distribution generated by the non-local dispersion device is Satisfies the following formula:

[0013] ;

[0014] Where A represents the amplitude of the spatial light field, represents the transmittance spectrum of the non-local dispersion device for p-polarized light when the incident angle is θ;

[0015] represents the transmittance spectrum of the non-local dispersion device for s-polarized light when the incident angle is θ;

[0016] The electric field is The polarization state of light, represents the amplitude angle of polarized light, where represents the phase difference between the electric fields in the x and y directions, represents the azimuth angle of any point in the transmission intensity distribution, represents the phase delay between the p and s components in a non-local dispersion device;

[0017] and are all constant coefficients.

[0018] Preferably, the non-local dispersion device is composed of 8 layers of transparent thin films, which are: titanium dioxide film, silicon dioxide film, titanium dioxide film, single crystal quartz film, magnesium fluoride crystal film, titanium dioxide film, silicon dioxide film and titanium dioxide film.

[0019] Preferably, the light receiving module adopts an optical camera for receiving the transmission intensity distribution.

[0020] Preferably, the information analysis module analyzes the transmission intensity distribution through a residual neural network.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention can perform high-precision detection of high-dimensional light information whose polarization state and intensity vary with wavelength. Only a single measurement with a single detector is needed to obtain accurate intensity, polarization and spectral information, which greatly reduces the volume and complexity of existing polarization spectral imaging systems and the measurement time. It is of great significance to the miniaturization and lightweighting of polarization spectral imaging systems.

[0023] The application band of the present invention is not limited by materials. By selecting suitable materials to design non-local dispersion devices, it is possible to detect and image high-dimensional information of polarization spectra in any required band including extreme ultraviolet, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, far infrared, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a high-dimensional photodetector based on dispersion-based non-local polarization spectroscopy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-local dispersion device operating in a wide wavelength band of 400-900 nm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG3 is a diagram showing the transmission intensity distribution obtained in momentum space using a 400-900 nm wide-band non-local dispersion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0029] 1 is the incident light, 2 is the beam collimation component, 3 is the polarization beam splitting component, 4 is the angle channel generating component, 5 is the non-local dispersion device, 5-1 is the titanium dioxide film, 5-2 is the silicon dioxide film, 5-3 is the single crystal quartz film, 5-4 is the magnesium fluoride crystal film, 6 is the light receiving module, and 7 is the information analysis module.

[0030] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The following description sets forth specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art will be able to make similar generalizations without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] The dispersion-based non-local polarization spectrum high-dimensional photodetector provided in an embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a spatial light modulation module, a non-local dispersion device 5, a light receiving module 6 and an information analysis module 7. It can detect and image the high-dimensional polarization spectrum information of the incident light 1 through a single measurement. The incident light 1 can be either an incident signal light or a spontaneous light source, generally including all types of light sources with low power density such as continuous wave lasers and halogen lamps, or signal light to be measured.

[0034] The spatial light modulation module is primarily used to shape and adjust the polarization state of incident light 1, ultimately obtaining the desired spatial light field. After entering the spatial light modulation module, incident light 1 passes sequentially through the beam collimation component 2, the polarization beam splitting component 3, and the angle channel generation component 4. The beam collimation component 2 is used to collimate the incident light 1. After passing through the beam collimation component 2, the incident light 1 is transmitted through space in a nearly parallel state. The beam collimation component 2 can utilize an existing lens assembly. The collimated incident light 1 enters the polarization beam splitting component 3, which adjusts the polarization characteristics of the incident light 1 so that each component of the incident light 1 produces the desired polarization state. The polarization beam splitting component 3 is composed of polarization-selective elements such as polarizers. The incident light 1 after polarization characteristics are adjusted enters the angle channel generating component 4, which causes the incident light 1 to generate an angle channel and enter the non-local dispersion device 5 with a specific spatial light distribution. The angle channel generating component 4 can adopt optical elements that can generate angle channels, such as microscope objective lenses, lenses, microlenses, microlens arrays, superlenses, metasurfaces, gratings, micro-nano structures, parabolic reflectors, scatterers and microsphere structures.

[0035] The non-local dispersion device 5 is used to modulate the incident spatial light field. Its function is to generate a specific transmission intensity distribution for different polarization states and different incident spectra. The intensity at any point in the transmission intensity distribution generated by the non-local dispersion device 5 is Satisfies the following formula:

[0036] ;

[0037] Where A represents the amplitude of the spatial light field, Indicates that the incident angle is When , the transmittance spectrum of the non-local dispersion device for p-polarized light;

[0038] Indicates that the incident angle is When , the transmittance spectrum of the non-local dispersion device for s-polarized light;

[0039] The electric field is The polarization state of light, where represents the amplitude angle of polarized light, and , represents the phase difference between the electric fields in the x and y directions, and , represents the azimuth angle of any point in the transmission intensity distribution, represents the phase delay between the p and s components in a non-local dispersion device;

[0040] and All are related to P, and The constant coefficient of the correlation, where , .

[0041] In addition, in order to obtain higher high-dimensional information detection accuracy, it is necessary to first design the non-local dispersion device 5 using simulation calculations, particle swarm optimization and other methods, so that the multiple resonance peaks in the transmittance spectrum of the non-local dispersion device 5 are evenly distributed in the required band, and then substitute the characteristic parameters of the designed non-local dispersion device 5 into the above formula, and finally the transmission intensity distribution in the momentum space can be obtained.

[0042] Depending on the operating wavelength of the non-local dispersion device 5, materials such as dielectrics, metals, semiconductors, ferromagnetic materials, and two-dimensional materials can be used for design. The non-local dispersion device 5 can be structured in the form of an interface, a single-layer thin-film structure, a multi-layer thin-film structure, a metasurface, a photonic crystal, a two-dimensional material heterojunction device, or a porous scattering medium.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2, the 400-900 nm wideband non-local dispersion device 5 employed in this embodiment of the present invention employs a multilayer thin-film structure, specifically comprised of eight transparent thin films of varying thicknesses: a titanium dioxide film 5-1, a silicon dioxide film 5-2, a titanium dioxide film 5-1, a single-crystal quartz film 5-3, a magnesium fluoride crystal film 5-4, a titanium dioxide film 5-1, a silicon dioxide film 5-2, and a titanium dioxide film 5-1. Furthermore, by varying the design of the non-local dispersion device 5, it can be used to detect and image high-dimensional polarization and spectral information across any operating wavelength range, including the extreme ultraviolet, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and far infrared.

[0044] After passing through the non-local dispersion device 5, the incident light 1 forms a specific transmission intensity distribution. The light receiving module 6 is used to receive the transmission intensity distribution and receive it in the form of an image. The light receiving module 6 uses an optical camera that can perform imaging within the operating band to obtain a transmission intensity distribution image. The information analysis module 7 receives the transmission intensity distribution image and analyzes the transmission intensity distribution, thereby outputting high-dimensional intensity, polarization, and spectral information of the incident light 1. The information analysis module 7 can use neural network methods such as fully connected neural networks, convolutional neural networks, residual neural networks, graph neural networks, recurrent neural networks, and long-short-term memory networks to analyze the transmission intensity distribution. In this embodiment, the information analysis module 7 is composed of a computer equipped with a pre-trained neural network image analysis algorithm such as a convolutional neural network, residual neural network, and recurrent neural network. Based on the received transmission intensity distribution information, the module automatically outputs high-dimensional intensity, polarization, and spectral information of the incident light 1.

[0045] As shown in Figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention uses a non-local dispersion device 5 with a wide band of 400-900 nm to obtain a transmission intensity distribution image in momentum space. The upper row of Figure 3 shows the transmission intensity distribution images obtained when the polarization state of the incident light 1 is fixed to be left-handed circular polarization and the wavelength of the incident light 1 is 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, and 900 nm respectively; the lower row of Figure 3 shows the transmission intensity distribution images obtained when the wavelength of the incident light 1 is fixed to 532 nm and the polarization states of the incident light 1 are 0 degree linear polarization, 45 degree linear polarization, 90 degree linear polarization, 135 degree linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization, and right-hand circular polarization respectively.

[0046] Compared to traditional polarization spectrum multiplexing detection systems that combine multiple polarization detectors and spectrometers, the present invention has a more compact structure and does not require the combination of multiple polarization detectors, greatly improving the integration and miniaturization of the system. Furthermore, the present invention only requires a single measurement from a single detector, greatly reducing system complexity and measurement time costs. Furthermore, the present invention can also image and extract information from high-dimensional, complex incident light fields whose polarization state and intensity vary with wavelength, something that is difficult to achieve with existing systems. While ensuring the ability to extract information from high-dimensional polarization spectra, the present invention opens new doors for the further miniaturization of polarization spectrum detectors.

[0047] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0048] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0049] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-dimensional photodetector based on dispersion-based non-local polarization spectroscopy, characterized in that: include: Spatial light modulation module, non-local dispersion device, optical receiving module and information analysis module; The incident light is modulated by the spatial light modulation module to form a spatial light field. Since the polarization state and spectrum of the light in the spatial light field are different, the spatial light field irradiates the non-local dispersion device to produce a corresponding transmission intensity distribution. The light receiving module receives the transmission intensity distribution and performs imaging. The information analysis module analyzes the transmission intensity distribution and outputs the high-dimensional intensity, polarization and spectral information of the incident light.

2. The high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion non-local polarization spectrum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial light modulation module includes a beam collimation component, a polarization beam splitting component and an angle channel generating component. The beam collimation component is used to collimate the incident light; the polarization beam splitting component is used to change the polarization state of the incident light; and the angle channel generating component is used to generate an angle channel for the incident light.

3. The high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion non-local polarization spectrum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle channel generating component adopts a microscope objective, a lens, a microlens, a microlens array, a superlens, a supersurface, a grating, a micro-nano structure, a parabolic reflector, a scatterer or a microsphere structure.

4. The high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion non-local polarization spectrum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-local dispersion device may adopt an interface, a single-layer thin film structure, a multi-layer thin film structure, a metasurface, a photonic crystal, a two-dimensional material heterojunction device or a porous scattering medium.

5. The high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion non-local polarization spectrum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information analysis module uses a fully connected neural network, a convolutional neural network, a residual neural network, a graph neural network, a recurrent neural network or a long short-term memory network to analyze the transmission intensity distribution.

6. The high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion non-local polarization spectrum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intensity at any point in the transmission intensity distribution generated by the non-local dispersion device Satisfies the following formula: ； Where A represents the amplitude of the spatial light field, Indicates that the incident angle is When , the transmittance spectrum of the non-local dispersion device for p-polarized light; Indicates that the incident angle is When , the transmittance spectrum of the non-local dispersion device for s-polarized light; The electric field is The polarization state of light, represents the amplitude angle of polarized light, where represents the phase difference between the electric fields in the x and y directions, represents the azimuth angle of any point in the transmission intensity distribution, represents the phase delay between the p and s components in a non-local dispersion device; and All are constant coefficients.

7. The high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion non-local polarization spectrum according to claim 4, characterized in that: The non-local dispersion device is composed of 8 layers of transparent thin films, which are: titanium dioxide film, silicon dioxide film, titanium dioxide film, single crystal quartz film, magnesium fluoride crystal film, titanium dioxide film, silicon dioxide film and titanium dioxide film.

8. The high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion non-local polarization spectrum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light receiving module adopts an optical camera to receive the transmission intensity distribution.

9. The high-dimensional photoelectric detector based on dispersion non-local polarization spectrum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information analysis module analyzes the transmission intensity distribution through a residual neural network.

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