A fastener with a locking mechanism, and a method of using same

Abstract

The invention is a fastener and methods of using and manufacturing same. The fastener is configured with a head and a shaft, which is to be mated with a complementary bore or fastener. The centre of the head and at least a portion of the shaft of the fastener has been hollowed out to form an elongate recess or bore along its longitudinal length. A section of the shaft that is perpendicular to the recess has also been removed to form a lateral passage that is communicative with the recess and an engaging member disposed therein. A locking mechanism that includes a movement transfer mechanism, which converts rotational motion into linear motion, is provided to the recess. When the user operates the movement transfer mechanism, by rotating the upper end of the locking mechanism, it is urged against the engaging member, thus advancing it along the lateral passage and against or into the complementary bore or fastener. This locks the fastener in place. Rotating the upper end of the locking mechanism in the opposite direction causes withdrawal of the engaging member, and thus the fastener may be removed.

Description

[0001] A FASTENER WITH A LOCKING MECHANISM, AND A METHOD OF USING SAME

[0002] 1. FIELD OF THE TECHNOLOGY

[0003] The present invention relates to a fastener with a locking mechanism and a method of using same. The invention has particular application to use in, but not limited to, the heavy engineering industry where fasteners, such as bolts, experience a high level of vibration, which may lead to the undesirable loosing of the fasteners.

[0004] 2. BACKGROUND TO THE TECHNOLOGY

[0005] Fasteners, such as bolts and screws, are a key component used for the process of connecting various components together. Such fasteners are typically configured with a cylindrical, threaded body and a head, designed for securing two or more objects together by applying torque to the head.

[0006] The head of a bolt, more typically used with heavy machinery and equipment, is generally a hexagonal shape to allow a tool to grip onto the surfaces for the purposes of rotation. The threaded portion of the bolt allows it to be inserted into a complementary threaded fastener, usually a hole in the component to be secured or a nut. This creates a secure connection between the objects.

[0007] When exposed to vibration, e.g. in heavy machinery, the connection of these threads can become compromised, resulting in the loosening of the connection, or in extreme scenarios, the complete unwinding of threads and loss of connection between the complementary fasteners.

[0008] Solutions have been devised to help resolve this issue, one being the use of a locking mechanism integrated with one fastener that interacts with its complementary fasteners. This locks the respective fasteners to each other.

[0009] Such locking mechanisms can take different forms. One example is in the form of a 'lock-nut' consisting of a sacrificial ring component, typically made of plastic, located within the threaded aperture of the nut, i.e. a female fastener, which is permanently deformed upon engagement with a bolt. This may result in an improved bond between the threads of the respective fasteners.

[0010] However, a drawback with such a locking mechanism is that as the sacrificial ring is deformed upon connection, the nut portion of the fastener cannot be re-used. Such arrangements may not be suitable for use when the female fastener is actually integrated with the component to be secured; for example, an aperture passing through the body or a flange of an item of machinery.

[0011] Another form of locking mechanism, intended for use with a bolt, i.e. the male fastener, is the form of a 'cotter pin' or 'split pin'. This consists of a metal pin with two 'tines' or 'legs' that are bent in opposite directions after insertion into a hole that is made through the centre of the bottom portion of the bolt's threaded shaft. If the bolt is unwound from the complementary fastener, the pin will contact the latter and restrict further movement of the bolt. A drawback with this type of locking fastener is it may only be suitable if the portion of the bolt that is furthest from the head is accessible after the fasteners are tightened. It will be appreciated, that this is not the case when the complementary fastener is a blind hole provided to a body or flange of an item of heavy machinery.

[0012] Another example of a locking mechanism intended for use with a bolt integrates a locking portion partway along the threaded shaft of a bolt. This locking portion is operatively displaced substantially laterally relative to the longitudinal length of the shaft such that it engages with the thread, or recesses provided to the thread, of the complementary fastener with which it is to be used.

[0013] One example of this type of locking fastener is disclosed in Chinese Utility Model No. 218670116U. This describes a fastener in the form of a bolt that has a hollow portion extending the entire length of the bolt. Within the hollow section is disposed a spring-loaded, four-piece, locking mechanism, approximately halfway along the threaded shaft. When engaged, the locking mechanism extends out of the circumference of the threaded shaft, allowing the bolt to be locked into the complementary thread.

[0014] However, a drawback with the described device is that the entire bolt has a hollow section, which may compromise its structural integrity. Furthermore, the complexity of the four-piece, locking mechanism could pose manufacturing challenges. This also makes it impractical to retrofit an existing bolt with the locking mechanism.

[0015] Another example is described in Chinese Utility Model No. 217328045U, which discloses a bolt that contains a hollow portion extending through the head of the bolt, and partially through the threaded shaft. Part -way down the threaded shaft, a locking mechanism operates three vertically aligned pins that extend out from the centre of the threaded shaft in a direction perpendicular to the shaft. The mechanism is connected to a shaft within the hollow section of the shaft that extends out of the head of the bolt. A vertically downward motion of this shaft engages the pins with the thread of the complementary fastener to restrict loosening of the connection.

[0016] However, this type of fastener is not convenient to use. For example, difficulty may be experienced when engaging the pins due to the downward force that is required to be applied. As with the previous example, the locking mechanism may pose manufacturing challenges due to the fine tolerances that may be required and may also compromise the ability to retrofit it to existing bolts.

[0017] 3. OBJECT OF THE TECHNOLOGY

[0018] It is an object of the technology to provide a fastener with a locking mechanism and a method for using and manufacturing same. Alternatively, it is an object of the technology to provide a fastener with a locking mechanism that is easy to use.

[0019] Alternatively, it is an object of the technology to provide a fastener with a locking mechanism that is cost effective to manufacture.

[0020] Alternatively, it is an object of the technology to provide a fastener with a locking mechanism which is able to be re-used.

[0021] Alternatively, it is an object of the technology to provide a locking mechanism that may be retrofitted to existing fasteners.

[0022] At the very least, it is an object of the technology to at least provide the public with a useful choice.

[0023] 4. SUMMARY OF THE TECHNOLOGY

[0024] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fastener for use with a complementary opening having a bore, wherein the fastener includes: a body including: a shaft having an exterior surface and a longitudinal dimension, and wherein the shaft includes a bore extending at least a portion of the longitudinal dimension, and wherein the bore includes a passage substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension, the passage opening to the exterior surface of the shaft; and a head having an opening to the bore of the shaft, wherein the fastener also includes: a locking mechanism substantially disposed within the bore of the shaft, wherein the locking mechanism includes: a rotary lock pin, having a head configured to receive a tool, wherein the head includes a biasing surface, wherein the rotary lock pin includes a lower portion depending from the head; an actuating means, configured with a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is configured to receive a lower portion of the rotary lock pin during engagement, allowing the actuating means to rotate in unison with the rotary lock pin, and wherein the second portion has a longitudinal dimension and wherein a movement transfer mechanism is provided to a portion of its longitudinal dimension, a biasing member disposed between, and arranged to act against, the biasing surface of the rotary lock pin and an upper surface of the first portion of the actuating means; an engaging member provided to the passage of the shaft, and wherein the actuating means is operable, to urge the movement transfer mechanism against the engaging member.

[0025] The invention is a fastener and methods of using and manufacturing same. The fastener is configured with a head and a shaft, which is to be mated with a complementary bore or fastener. The centre of the head and at least a portion of the shaft of the fastener has been hollowed out to form an elongate recess or bore along its longitudinal length. A section of the shaft that is perpendicular to the recess has also been removed to form a lateral passage that is communicative with the recess and an engaging member disposed therein. A locking mechanism that includes a rotary lock pin is slidably received within an actuating means. The actuating means is provided to the bore of the fastener and includes a movement transfer mechanism, in the form of a cam, which converts rotational motion into linear motion. When the user operates the movement transfer mechanism, by rotating the rotary lock pin of the locking mechanism, the cam is urged against the engaging member, thus advancing it along the lateral passage and against or into the complementary bore or fastener. This locks the fastener in place. Rotating the upper end of the movement transfer mechanism in the opposite direction causes withdrawal of the engaging member, and thus the fastener may be removed from the complementary bore or fastener with which it is engaged.

[0026] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the fastener may be a bolt having a head at an upper end and a shaft depending downwards from said head, the far end of the shaft forming the lower end of the bolt.

[0027] Reference shall now be made to the fastener being a bolt although it will be appreciated that this is not meant to be limiting, and the fastener may be a suitably configured screw or other type of fastener as will be appreciated by the skilled addressee.

[0028] The bolt has a longitudinal dimension; this should be understood to correspond to the length of the bolt.

[0029] In one example, the head of the bolt includes indicia or markings representing the locked and unlocked position of the rotary lock pin. In non-limiting examples, the indicia or markings may be in the form of a padlock in a locked and unlocked state but persons skilled in the art will readily other suitable indicia and markings that may be applied to provide users with an indication of the status of the bolt. In one example, the exterior surface of the shaft may be configured with a helical thread extending around at least a portion of the length of the longitudinal dimension. Preferably, the helical thread extends from the lower end of the shaft upwards to at least midway between the upper end and lower end of the shaft. In some examples, the helical thread may extend from the lower end of the shaft up to the upper end of same.

[0030] In this example, the helical thread may be substantially complementary to a helical thread provided to the complementary opening and bore with which the fastener is to be used. In an alternative example, the exterior surface of the shaft may be configured with a means of cooperatively connecting with the complementary opening and bore with which the fastener is to be used. In non-limiting examples, this may be via a tab or protrusion provided to the exterior surface of the shaft that engages with a groove or channel provided to the complementary opening and bore.

[0031] The bolt includes a bore. This should be understood to be a hole extending downwards through at least a portion of the shaft from the opening provided to the head of the bolt.

[0032] The bore has an upper end that includes the opening provided to the head of the bolt, and a lower end.

[0033] In one example, the bore may be a blind bore, such that the lower end of the shaft is solid. In another example, the bore may be a through bore, such that it extends through the entire length of the shaft, the lower end of the bore opening out at the lower end of the shaft.

[0034] In one example the bore of the shaft may be concentric, i.e. provided substantially to the centreline of the longitudinal dimension of the shaft. In an alternative example, the bore of the shaft may be non- concentric, i.e. offset slightly from the centreline of the longitudinal dimension of the shaft. In one example, the bore of the shaft may consist of multiple diameters along its longitudinal dimension. In this example, the bore consists of a major diameter extending the majority of the length of the longitudinal dimension, and a minor diameter which extends from the major diameter, further into the shaft, and being of a smaller diameter.

[0035] In one example, the bore is of a substantially circular cross-sectional profile. In another example, the bore may have a cross-sectional profile of another shape such as, in non-limiting examples, hexagonal, semicircular, square, oval, elliptical, triangular, kidney-shaped or bean-shaped among others. The preferred cross-sectional profile may be selected to better simply manufacture or retro-fitting, as will be apparent to a person skilled in the art.

[0036] In some examples, the cross-sectional profile of the bore may vary along its length.

[0037] In one example, the opening, or the upper end of the bore proximate the opening, at the head of the bolt includes at least one interlocking member.

[0038] In one example, the at least one interlocking member of the opening or upper end of the bore is a tab or protrusion extending axially inwards from the circumference of the opening or the circumference of the upper end of the bore proximate the opening. In one example, the at least one support surface is substantially in the form of a ring-like member. In another example, the at least one support surface is integrally formed with the upper portion of the bore, proximate the opening.

[0039] The passage of the shaft which receives the engaging member of the locking mechanism should be understood to be communicative with the bore of the shaft. In one example, the passage is substantially oblong or oval in cross-section. In other examples, it may be substantially square or circular.

[0040] The locking mechanism should be understood to include an engaging member.

[0041] In one example, the engaging member has a cross-sectional shape and profile substantially complementary to that of the passage.

[0042] In one example, the engaging member includes a first end and a second end.

[0043] In one example, the engaging member includes a contact surface at the first end that, in use, contacts a portion of the bore of the complementary opening with which the fastener is to be used.

[0044] In this example, the contact surface may include a thread substantially complementary to that provided to the bore of the complementary opening. In another example, the contact surface may include a thread that is not substantially complementary to that provided to the bore of the complementary opening. This may be referred to as an offset thread pattern.

[0045] In another example, the contact surface may include any form of textured pattern or arrangement that may be complementary to that provided to the bore of the complementary opening.

[0046] In one example, the engaging member includes a base at the second end that, in use, is proximate or extends into the bore of the shaft.

[0047] In one example, the base includes a flange substantially circumscribing the second end of the engaging member.

[0048] In one example, the engaging member includes a biasing member disposed between the flange and the bore. In this example, the biasing member may be in the form of a spring.

[0049] In one example, the engaging member is formed from a substantially deformable material. In another example, the contact surface of the engaging member is composed of the deformable material.

[0050] In one example, the engaging member is constructed of a single piece. In another example, the engaging member is constructed of at least two pieces, wherein one piece includes or is comprised of the deformable material.

[0051] The locking mechanism should be understood to also include an actuating means or actuator, configured with a first portion and a second portion. In use, the actuating means is substantially disposed in the bore of the shaft of the bolt.

[0052] In one example, the first portion of the actuating means is configured as a head having an upper side and a lower side. In use, the lower side of the head may bear against a surface provided to or proximate the opening of the bore of the shaft of the bolt. In one example, the lower side of the head may bear against or otherwise contact at least one support member provided to the upper portion of the bore of the shaft.

[0053] In one example, the upper side of the head may include a first boss and a second boss, the first boss having a reduced diameter relative to the second boss. In this example, the first boss is positioned on top of the second boss in a stacked arrangement.

[0054] In one example, the upper side of the head includes a recess or bore configured to receive the lower portion of the rotary lock pin.

[0055] In one example, the recess or blind bore has a substantially square cross-sectional profile. However, this is not meant to be limiting as the skilled addressee will appreciate that the lower portion could have a cross-sectional profile of any suitable shape such as hexagonal, triangular, among others.

[0056] In one example, the second portion of the actuating means is a shaft depending downwards from the lower side of the head. It will be understood that the shaft has a longitudinal dimension which substantially corresponds to the longitudinal dimension of the shaft of the fastener.

[0057] In one example, the second portion of the actuating means includes a structure that is a movement transfer mechanism. This should be understood to mean a structure configured to convert rotational movement of the actuating means into linear movement of the engaging means.

[0058] In one example, the movement transfer mechanism may be positioned on the shaft such that, in use, it substantially corresponds with the position of the passage and engaging member.

[0059] In one example, the movement transfer mechanism is a cam. In another example, the movement transfer mechanism is a worm drive mechanism.

[0060] In some examples, an urging member is provided to a base of the bore and arranged to bear against an end of the shaft of the actuating means.

[0061] The locking mechanism should be understood to also include a rotary lock pin with a head configured to receive a tool and a lower portion depending from the head. In use, the rotary lock pin engages with the first portion of the actuating means.

[0062] In one example, the rotary lock pin is configured with a biasing surface wherein a biasing member is positioned between the biasing surface and the upper surface of the first portion of the actuating means.

[0063] In one example, the biasing member is any suitable device recognised by those skilled in the art as having the desired biasing properties. In non-limiting examples, the biasing member could be a helical spring, elastic spacer or magnet, among others. In one example, the biasing surface of the rotary lock pin is a flange substantially circumscribing the head of the rotary lock pin. However, this is not meant to be limiting as it could be any suitable shape, provided that it is complementary to the biasing member and can be received by or within the interior of the bushing.

[0064] In one example, the lower portion of the rotary lock pin is a substantially square extrusion. However, this is not meant to be limiting as the skilled addressee will appreciate that the lower portion could be of any suitable shape such as hexagonal, triangular, among others, provided that it is substantially complementary to, and keys in with, the first portion of the actuating means such that they cannot substantially rotate independently of each other in use, i.e. they rotate as a unitary structure.

[0065] In one example, the locking mechanism includes a bushing that comprises an interior, configured to receive at least a portion of the rotary lock pin. In some examples, the bushing may be dimensioned to also receive at least a part of the first portion of the actuating means. In use, the bushing is located in the bore of the shaft of the bolt, at or proximate the opening to same.

[0066] In one example, the bushing includes an opening, communicative with the interior and configured to be substantially complementary to at least a portion of the head of the rotary lock pin. In use, the at least portion of the head of the rotary lock pin extends through the opening of the bushing.

[0067] In one example, the bushing includes at least one complementary interlocking member, wherein use, the at least one interlocking member of the head of the bolt interacts with the at least one complementary interlocking members of the bushing.

[0068] In an example, where the interlocking member of the head of the bolt is a tab or protrusion extending axially inwards from the circumference of the opening or the circumference of the upper end of the bore proximate the opening, the complementary interlocking member is a notch or recess that receives said tab or protrusion.

[0069] In one example, the locking mechanism is configured to receive a retaining member. In use, the retaining member bears against an upper surface of the bushing and a surface provided to or proximate the opening of the bore of the shaft of the fastener to maintain the position of the components of the locking mechanism.

[0070] In one example, the retaining member is sandwiched between an underside of the opening to the bore of the shaft of the fastener and the upper surface of the bushing. In a particularly preferred example, the retaining member is a circlip. This is preferred to minimise ingress of water which may corrode the internal surfaces. In this example, the circlip, when in its uncompressed state, possesses a diameter that is larger than that of the opening to the bore, but possesses a diameter that is smaller than that of the opening to the bore in its compressed state.

[0071] In one example, the retaining member is any suitable device recognised by those skilled in the art as having the desired retaining properties. In non-limiting examples, the biasing member could be a rubber seal, robber O-ring, or a plastic washer, among others.

[0072] In one example, the retaining member is received on an upper surface of the bushing.

[0073] It will be understood that in operation, when the rotary lock pin engages or otherwise keys with the actuating means and is rotated in a first direction, the movement transfer mechanism is urged against the base of the engaging member, thereby advancing the engaging member forward, relative to the exterior surface of the shaft of the fastener. The contact surface of the engaging member then meshes, deforms or otherwise interacts with the bore of the complementary opening with which the fastener of the present invention is to be used. In this manner, the fastener is locked in place such it would be difficult for it to be removed, either intentionally or accidentally. When the rotary lock pin, and therefore the actuating means, is rotated in the opposing direction, the cam ceases contact with the base of the engaging member which, urged by its biasing member, withdraws from contact with the bore of the complementary opening.

[0074] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of using a fastener with a complementary bore, the fastener substantially as described above, the method including the steps of: a) engaging the fastener with the complementary bore; and b) actuating the locking mechanism of the fastener to urge the engaging member into contact with a surface of the complementary bore.

[0075] According to another aspect of the present technology, there is provided the method substantially as described above, including the additional steps of: c) actuating the locking mechanism of the fastener to urge the engaging member out of contact with the surface of the complementary bore; and d) disengaging the engaging member from the complementary bore.

[0076] In one example, step b) involves applying: i) a downwards motion to the rotary lock pin, opposing the biasing member, to engage the lower portion of the rotary lock pin with the first portion of the actuating means; and ii) a rotary motion to the head of the rotary lock pin with a tool, thereby rotating the rotary lock pin and the actuating means together. In this example, the tool could be a screwdriver, rachet or other device known to those skilled in the art and suitable for applying a rotational force to the engagement means.

[0077] In one example, the forcing process of step b), is achieved by rotating a surface of the locking mechanism against a surface of the engaging member, forcing the engaging member out of the passage, against the force of the urging member, and contacting a surface of the complementary bore.

[0078] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a fastener, the fastener substantially as described above, the method including the steps of: a) forming a bore within the body of a fastener extending from the head to at least partway along the longitudinal dimension of the shaft; b) forming a passage, perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension of the shaft, linking the bore to the exterior surface of the shaft; c) installing an engaging member into the passage; and d) installing a locking mechanism within the bore of the fastener.

[0079] In one example, the order in which steps a) and b) are performed is interchangeable.

[0080] In one example, the order in which steps c) and d) are performed is interchangeable.

[0081] Further aspects of the technology, which should be considered in all its novel aspects, will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading of the following description which provides at least one example of a practical application of the technology.

[0082] 5. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0083] One or more embodiments of the technology will be described below byway of example only, and without intending to be limiting, with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0084] Figure 1 is an isometric view showing the entirety of a first embodiment of the fastener, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 2 is an exploded isometric view, showing the internal components of the fastener of Figure 1;

[0086] Figure 3 is a side view of the fastener of Figures 1 and 2;

[0087] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional side view of the fastener of Figures 1 to 3;

[0088] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional side view of an alternative embodiment of a fastener in accordance with one aspect of the present invention; Figure 6 is an isometric view showing the entirety of a second embodiment of the fastener, in accordance with an aspect of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 7 is an exploded isometric view, showing the internal components of the fastener of Figure 6;

[0090] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional side view of the fastener of Figures 6 and 7; and

[0091] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional isometric view of the locking mechanism of the fastener of Figures 6 to 8.

[0092] In the figures, like reference numerals are applied to like features of the invention.

[0093] 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY FORMS OF THE TECHNOLOGY

[0094] 6.1. A first example of the technology

[0095] 6.1.1. Fastener

[0096] An example of the invention in the form of a fastener (generally indicated by arrow 100) including that includes a locking mechanism 300 is depicted in an isometric view in Figure 1. Reference shall now be made throughout the remainder of the detailed description of the invention to the fastener as being a bolt.

[0097] It will be understood that a bolt 100 is a threaded male fastener, which may be used with a complementary threaded bore (not shown), which may include a nut, or alternatively a closed or open bore provided to the body or flange of an item of heavy equipment, for example. However, it should be appreciated that reference to the bolt is not meant to be limiting. For example, the fastener may be any number of different configurations of a screw, rod or anchor. Persons skilled in the art will understand that certain aspects of the present invention may be applicable to such products.

[0098] The bolt 100 includes a body 200 that is preferably made of steel or another suitable metal alloy, consisting of a head 202, with a shaft 204 depending downwards from same. The bolt also includes a locking mechanism 300 comprising an actuating means 302 and engaging member 304. These cooperate, in use, to lock the fastener in place with the complementary threaded bore (not shown) with which it is to be used. The engaging member is arranged such that it is able to move laterally, relative to a longitudinal axis of the bolt, i.e. substantially parallel to the shaft, upon rotational movement of the actuating means, such that its contact surface contacts and engages with the complementary threaded bore.

[0099] Reference herein is made to the longitudinal axis or longitudinal dimension of the bolt, which may be used interchangeably. The features and operation of the invention 100 will be better understood from the ensuing discussion of Figures 2 to 4.

[0100] 6.1.2. Body

[0101] The bolt 100 depicted in Figures 2 to 4 has a body 200 consisting of a threaded cylindrical shaft 204 with a head 202 at one end. In the illustrated example, the head is configured as a conventional hex head but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the head of a bolt can come in various forms such as, in nonlimiting examples, square, round, slotted, Phillips, Allen, button, cap and wing, among others.

[0102] It should be appreciated that the thread pattern 214 shown on the shaft 204 of the bolt 100 is not meant to be limiting and other forms are readily envisaged. In non-limiting examples, the shaft portion of the bolt could contain one or more of the following thread patterns: UTS, metric, Whitworth, Acme, trapezoidal, buttress, square, knuckle, triangular and spline, among others.

[0103] As best seen in Figures 2 and 4, the bolt 100 has a portion of its centre removed. Hence, those skilled in the art will understand that only certain forms of bolt head 202 are able to be used to create the invention shown so as to ensure that its structural integrity is not unduly compromised.

[0104] A bore 212, which is essentially a cylindrical hole or recess, extends from an opening 210 provided to the upper side of the head 202 to at least substantially mid-way down the longitudinal dimension of the shaft 204. The use of a cylindrical bore should not be seen as limiting and in other examples the bore may have a cross-sectional profile of any suitable shape to support and aid assembly of the components, such as a spring 330, as will be described in further detail below. In some examples this cross-sectional profile could be substantially polygonal or bean shaped, provided that it allows for at least a small degree of rotation of the actuating means 302. In some examples not shown here, the bore may extend deeper in the shaft if desired.

[0105] The bore 212 should be understood to have an upper portion, proximate the opening 210 to the head 202, and a lower portion that includes the bottom of the bore. The diameter of the upper portion of the bore is greater than the diameter of the lower portion of the bore.

[0106] In the example of Figure 4, the bore is blind, i.e. has a closed bottom, but in other examples, not shown here, the bore 212 may extend right through the shaft 204 such that it is an open bore, so long as structural integrity is not unduly compromised.

[0107] Arranged transverse to the bore 212 is a passage 208; this extends from the exterior of the shaft 204 through to the bore. As such, the passage opens into the bore with which it is communicative. As best seen in Figure 3, the passage of the illustrated example has a substantially oblong configuration but it should be appreciated that other shapes will be readily envisaged by the skilled addressee. Figure 5 shows an alternative example of the bolt 100 of the present invention. This alternative example of the bolt 100, in which features common with the example of Figure 4 use like numbering, has the shaft communicative with an additional passage 2081, wherein an additional engaging member 3041is provided. The shaft 314 of the actuating means 302, is provided with an additional cam 316 ', that is corresponding to the additional engaging member. In other examples not shown here, additional passages may be provided to the shaft. For example, three passages may be provided, at differing longitudinal dimensions along the shaft, alternatively, circumferentially offset from each other. Such examples, which will include engaging members for each passage, along with a corresponding cam for each engaging member, may be preferred for greater performance of the locking mechanism.

[0108] Within the opening 210 of the head 202 of the bolt 100 or at least the upper portion of the bore 212 is provided at least one interlocking member 206. In the illustrated example of Figure 2, it will be seen that this is in the form of a pair of opposing tabs or protrusions extending radially inward from the circumference of the opening or the bore as the case may be.

[0109] Turning to Figure 4, it will be seen that while the diameter of the lower portion of the bore 212 is substantially constant along its length, near the bottom it is reduced. This allows for the provision of a spring 306 to act against the actuating means 302 in use, providing an urging force such that when not in use, the actuating means is urged against to the interlocking member, ensuring that rotation is constrained. Alternatively, this is useful since it may provide positive and visual feedback to the person operating the actuating means, confirming that it has been successfully engaged / disengaged with the engaging member.

[0110] 6.1.3. Locking mechanism

[0111] The components of the locking mechanism 300 are best seen in Figure 2 and, as previously noted, include an actuating means 302, which in use is located internally of the bore 212 provided to the bolt 100, and an engaging member 304, which in use is located internally to the passage 208 provided to the shaft 204 of the bolt.

[0112] 6.1.3.1. Actuating means

[0113] The actuating means 302 is an actuator that is formed with a head 318 and an elongate shaft 314 depending downwards from the head. As will be apparent, in use the actuating means is received substantially within the bore 212 of the bolt 200.

[0114] The head 318 is composed of two bosses, the first 308 of which is provided with engagement means 325 for attachment of a tool. In the form shown, the engagement means is a rectangular slot or recess which receives the end of an working implement such as a screwdriver or drill bit. Other forms of engagement means will be readily envisaged by the skilled addressee. The second boss 310 is positioned beneath the first boss 308 and has a greater diameter such that it forms a skirt or flange substantially around the perimeter of the head 318. As can be seen, the second boss includes a complementary interlocking member 312, in the form of a notch, to that of the head 202 of the bolt 100. To fit the actuating means 302 to the bolt 100, the user aligns the notches with the tabs 206 of the head of the bolt such that the former can be passed therethrough; once the second boss has been advanced into the head such that it is below the tabs, the actuating means can be rotated to a certain extent, for example, 90°, which places the tabs above the solid portion of the second boss, thereby retaining the actuating means within the bolt.

[0115] In the illustrated example, a biasing member in the form of a circlip 320 of sprung metal or the like is utilised to help retain the actuating means 302 within the bolt 100. This may also help in reducing potential ingress of water that may corrode the surfaces of the bore and the components disposed therein. In use, this biasing member is positioned to bear against the second boss 310 and the underside 216 of the opening 210 to the bore 212.

[0116] In a compressed form, where the ends of the circlip 320 are brought together, its circumference is less than that of the mouth of the opening 210 to the bore 212. This allows the circlip to be placed on top of the second boss 310 once the actuating means 302 is in place in the bolt 100. When the ends are released, such that the circlip has a circumference that is greater than the mouth of the opening of the bore, it acts to prevent removal of the actuating means when it has been operated such that the respective interlocking members are in alignment.

[0117] The shaft 314 is configured with a movement transfer mechanism in the form of a cam 316 which favours one side of the shaft. When the actuating means 302 has been rotated substantially through an arc of 180°, this brings the cam into contact with the engaging member 304.

[0118] The end 322 of the shaft 314 contacts the spring 306 referred to above; as can be seen, the end is reduced in diameter relative to the remainder of the shaft. This reduced diameter substantially corresponds to the inner diameter of the spring.

[0119] As the actuating means 302 is depressed, for example to bring the cam 316 into contact with the engaging member 304, this compresses the spring 306. The reduced diameter portion 218 of the bore 212 in which the spring sits provides sufficient clearance for the movement of the actuating means. When the depressing force acting on the actuating means is removed, the spring urges the shaft 314 upwards towards the head 202 of the bolt 100.

[0120] 6.1.3.2. Engaging Member

[0121] The engaging member 304 is composed of a body having a first end 324, which in use contacts the complementary bore with which the bolt 100 is to be engaged, and a second end 326. The second end is the base of the engaging member and is provided with a flange 328 or similar structure about its perimeter. It will be appreciated that the flange is deliberately dimensioned to be greater than the opening 220 and as such, serves to act as a stop for the engaging member in use.

[0122] Positioned between the flange 328 and the inner surface of the bore 212 is a biasing member in the form of an expansion spring 330. This is arranged to apply tension against the flange and the inner surface of the bore.

[0123] As will be apparent from Figure 4, the range of motion possible for the engaging member 304 corresponds substantially to the clearance between the spring 330 and the inner surface of the bore 212 of the shaft 204. It will then be appreciated that this distance corresponds substantially to the size of the cam 316.

[0124] In an example not shown here, the engaging member 304, or at least the contact surface 332 of the engaging member may be formed from a material that is slightly softer than the remainder of the bolt 100 such that, with some force, it may be slightly deformed. This means that as it bears against the complementary bore, it intermeshes with same and increases the frictional area between the contact surface and the complementary bore.

[0125] As best seen in Figure 3, the contact surface 332 is configured with a thread pattern that is somewhat contrary or otherwise misaligned to that provided to the shaft 204 of the body 200 of the bolt 100. When the engaging member 304 is withdrawn, i.e. not in contact with the complementary bore, it does not inhibit the normal rotational movement of the bolt as it is threaded into the complementary bore. When the engaging portion is in the position shown in Figure 4, the contrary thread pattern of the engaging member locks into the opposing thread in such a way that normal rotational movement of the bolt is difficult, if not impossible. This locks the fastener in place.

[0126] 6.1.4. Use of first example of the Invention

[0127] As will be apparent from the preceding discussion in respect of Figures 1 to 4, the usage of the invention is straightforward. The fastener 100 is mated and tightened into its complementary bore (not shown) using an appropriate tool, and then the actuating means 302 is operated.

[0128] As the actuating means 302 is rotated substantially 180°, this causes the cam 316 to bear against the base 326 of the engaging member 304. This force advances the engaging member forward and against the surface of the complementary bore; depending on the configuration of the contact surface, this meshes or otherwise engages with the complementary bore in such a way that the fastener 100 is substantially locked in place or is at least very difficult to loosen. If the user does desire removal of the fastener 100, for example for maintenance purposes of the equipment with which the fastener is being used, the actuating means 302 is operated but in the reverse direction, such that the cam 316 no longer contacts the base 326 of the engaging member 304.

[0129] The removal of the force applied by the cam 316 causes the engaging member 304 to retreat from the complementary bore, assisted by the spring 330 acting against same, back into the passage 208.

[0130] The user can then use the appropriate tool to loosen and remove the fastener 100. Depending on the configuration of the engaging member 304, the fastener may readily be reused, either straight away or following replacement of the engaging member.

[0131] 6.2. A second example of the technology

[0132] 6.2.1. Fastener

[0133] Another example of the invention in the form of a bolt (generally indicated by arrow 100), as described herein, is shown in Figures 6 to 9.

[0134] As in previous examples, the bolt 100 includes a body 200, consisting of a head 202, with a shaft 204 depending downwards from same. The bolt also includes a locking mechanism 300 comprising an actuating means 302, a rotary lock pin 340, a bushing 350 and engaging member 304. As described herein, these cooperate, in use, to lock the fastener in place with the complementary threaded bore (not shown) with which it is to be used. The engaging member is arranged such that it is able to move laterally, relative to a longitudinal axis of the bolt, i.e. substantially parallel to the shaft, upon rotational movement of the actuating means, such that its contact surface contacts and engages with the complementary threaded bore.

[0135] The features and operation of the invention 100 will be better understood from the ensuing discussion of Figures 6 to 9.

[0136] 6.2.2. Body

[0137] As in previous examples, the bolt 100 depicted in Figures 6 to 9, has a body 200 consisting of a threaded cylindrical shaft 204 with a head 202 at one end. In the illustrated example, the head is configured as a conventional hex head but those skilled in the art will appreciate that it may assume other forms suitable for use with appropriate tools. the illustrated thread pattern 214 of the shaft 204 of the bolt 100 is not meant to be limiting and other forms are readily envisaged as noted in the previous example described.

[0138] As best seen in Figures 7 and 8, the bolt 100 has a portion of its centre removed. Hence, those skilled in the art will understand that only certain forms of bolt head 202 are able to be used to create the invention shown so as to ensure that its structural integrity is not unduly compromised. A bore 212, which is essentially a cylindrical hole or recess, extends from an opening 210 provided to the upper side of the head 202 to at least substantially mid-way down the longitudinal dimension of the shaft 204. The use of a cylindrical bore should not be seen as limiting and in other examples the bore may have a cross-sectional profile of any suitable shape to support and aid assembly of the components, provided that it allows for rotation of the actuating means 302. .

[0139] As with the previous examples described, the bore 212 should be understood to have an upper portion, proximate the opening 210 to the head 202, and a lower portion. The diameter of the upper portion of the bore is greater than the diameter of the lower portion of the bore.

[0140] In the illustrated example, the bore is blind, i.e. has a closed bottom, but in other examples, not shown here, the bore 212 may extend right through the shaft 204 such that it is an open bore. This is subject to the structural integrity of the bolt not being unduly compromised.

[0141] Arranged transverse to the bore 212 is a passage 208; this extends from the exterior of the shaft 204 through to the bore. As such, the passage opens into the bore with which it is communicative. As best seen in Figure 7, the passage of the illustrated example has a substantially oblong configuration but it should be appreciated that other shapes will be readily envisaged by the skilled addressee.

[0142] Although not shown in the figures, another example of the configuration shown in Figure 6 is possible, wherein an additional passage is provided transverse and communicative with the bore, along with an additional engaging member and additional cam. In further examples not shown here, additional passages may be provided to the shaft. For example, three passages may be provided, at differing longitudinal dimensions along the shaft and / or circumferentially offset from each other. Such examples, which will include engaging members for each passage, along with a corresponding cam for each engaging member, may be preferred for greater performance of the locking mechanism of the invention.

[0143] Returning to Figures 6 to 9, it will be seen that arranged about the inner perimeter of the opening 210 of the head 202 of the bolt 100 or at least the upper portion of the bore 212 is at least one interlocking member 206. In the illustrated example of Figure 7, this is in the form of a pair of opposing tabs or protrusions extending radially inward from the circumference of the opening (or the bore as the case may be).

[0144] 6.2.3. Locking mechanism

[0145] The components of the locking mechanism 300 are best seen in an exploded form in Figure 7 and in a cross-sectional form in Figure 8, and as previously noted, include an actuating means 302, which in use is located internally of the bore 212 provided to the bolt 100, an engaging member 304, which in use is located internally to the passage 208 provided to the shaft 204 of the bolt, a rotary lock pin 340, which in use is located within an upper portion of the actuating means, and a bushing 350, which in use is located within the head 202 of the bolt. The bushing also receives the rotary lock pin.

[0146] 6.2.3.1. Rotary Lock Pin

[0147] The rotary lock pin 340 is formed with a head 342, and a biasing surface 344, which is essentially a flange circumscribing the head, and a lower portion 346 of the rotary lock pin depending downward from the biasing surface.

[0148] The lower portion 346 has a substantially rectangular cross-section in profile although, as seen here, with one pair of opposing sides slightly rounded. The other pair of opposing sides are substantially flat.

[0149] The head 342 is provided with an engagement recess 348 for attachment of a tool. In the form shown, the engagement recess is a slot which receives the end of a screwdriver or drill bit. However, it will be appreciated that other arrangements for receiving a tool will be readily envisaged by the skilled addressee.

[0150] 6.2.3.2. Bushing

[0151] As best seen in Figure 9, the bushing 350, is a cap-like structure with an interior 352 that is configured with an opening 354 complementary to the head 342 of the rotary lock pin 340. In use, the bushing receives the rotary lock pin 340, with its head extending through the opening but the biasing surface 344 being retained within the interior.

[0152] A biasing member in the form of a spring 306 is located between the biasing surface 344 of the rotary lock pin 340 and an upper surface 319 of the actuating means 302.

[0153] In use, the spring 306 provides bias to force or otherwise urge the rotary lock pin 340 towards the opening 354 of the bushing 350, such that the biasing surface 344 of the rotary lock pin contacts a complementary retention surface 356 of the interior 352 of the bushing, thereby preventing rotation of the rotary lock pin.

[0154] As best seen in Figure 7, the bushing 350 comprises at least one complementary interlocking member 312, configured to engage with the interlocking member 206 of the head 202 of the bolt 100. In use, this prevents rotation of the bushing and the entirety of the locking mechanism 300.

[0155] 6.2.3.3. Actuating means

[0156] The actuating means 302 is formed with a head 318 and a shaft 314 depending downwards from the head, much the same as the embodiment of Figures 1 to 5.

[0157] However, in the example of Figures 6 to 9, the head 318 of the actuating means 302 comprises a boss 308 in which is provided with a complementary engagement means in the form of a recess or small closed bore 325 configured to slidably receive the lower portion 346 of the rotary lock pin 340. As such, the depth of the recess substantially corresponds with the depth of the lower portion of the rotary lock pin.

[0158] In use, these respective components, the rotary lock pin's lower portion 346 and actuating mean's recess 325, key together such that substantial rotation of the head 342 of the rotary lock pin 340 causes rotation of the actuating means, such that both components rotate in unison.

[0159] For example, the lower portion 346 of the rotary lock pin 340 may be a protrusion configured to engage with a corresponding aperture or blind bore 325 in the boss 308 of the actuating means 302. In the illustrated example, best seen in Figure 7, the lower portion has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional profile, but this is not meant to be limiting and other possible cross-sectional profiles and configurations that allows torque transfer between the rotary lock pin 340 and the actuating means 302 will be readily envisaged.

[0160] In some examples, at least one side of the lower portion 346 may include a curve or radius. This permits a small, limited degree of rotational movement of the lower portion independently of the blind bore 325, even when engaged with one another. This may provide some stress relieving properties to the connection between the respective components. It may also simplify manufacture of this portion of the rotary lock pin 340, since only one pair of opposing surfaces need to substantially flat.

[0161] In the illustrated example, a retention member in the form of a circlip 320 of sprung metal or the like is utilised to help retain the actuating means 302 within the bolt 100. This may also help in reducing potential ingress of water that may corrode the surfaces of the bore 212 and the components disposed therein. In use, this retention member is positioned to bear against a retaining surface 358 of the bushing 350 and the underside 216 of the opening 210 to the bore 212.

[0162] In a compressed form, where the ends of the circlip 320 are brought together, its circumference is less than that of the mouth of the opening 210 to the bore 212. This allows the circlip to be placed on top of the retaining surface 358 once the actuating means 302 is in place in the bolt 100. When the ends are released, such that the circlip has a circumference that is greater than the mouth of the opening of the bore, it acts to prevent removal of the actuating means when it has been operated such that the respective interlocking members are in alignment.

[0163] The shaft 314 of the actuating means 302 is configured with a movement transfer mechanism in the form of a cam 316 which favours one side of the shaft. When the actuating means has been rotated substantially through an arc of 180°, this brings the cam into contact with the engaging member 304, which is disposed within transverse passage 208.

[0164] As the rotary lock pin 340 is depressed, for example to allow the head 342 to lower into the interior 356 of the bushing 350, this compresses the spring 306, and engages the lower portion 346 of the rotary lock pin with the engagement means 325. When the depressing force acting on the rotary lock pin is removed, the spring urges the shaft 314 upwards towards the head 202 of the bolt 100.

[0165] 6.2.3.4. Engaging Member

[0166] The engaging member 304 provided to the transverse passage 208 is, like the previous embodiment described, composed of a body having a first end 324, which in use contacts the complementary bore with which the bolt 100 is to be engaged, and a second end 326. The second end is the base of the engaging member and is provided with a flange 328 or similar structure about its perimeter. It will be appreciated that the flange is deliberately dimensioned to be greater than the opening 220 and as such, serves to act as a stop for the engaging member in use.

[0167] An urging member in the form of an expansion spring 330 is positioned between the flange 328 and the inner surface of the bore 212. This applies a sprung force to the flange and the inner surface of the bore. The range of motion of the engaging member 304 corresponds substantially to the clearance between the spring 330 and the inner surface of the bore 212 of the shaft 204. It will then be appreciated that this distance corresponds substantially to the size of the cam 316.

[0168] 6.2.4. Use of second example of the Invention

[0169] Once the fastener 100 of Figures 6 to 9 has been mated and tightened into its complementary bore (not shown), its actuating means 302 can then be operated. Through the use of an appropriate tool (not shown), the rotary lock pin 340 is lowered relative to the bushing 350, compressing spring 306, and engaging with the actuating means 302. The tool then rotates the rotary lock pin; this being keyed into the actuating means, also rotates.

[0170] Once the actuating means 302 has rotated through an arc of substantially 180°, this causes the cam 316 to bear against the base 326 of the engaging member 304. This force advances the engaging member forward and against the surface of the complementary bore; depending on the configuration of the contact surface, this meshes or otherwise engages with the complementary bore in such a way that the fastener 100 is substantially locked in place or is at least very difficult to loosen.

[0171] To remove the fastener 100, the actuating means 302 is operated but in the reverse direction, such that the cam 316 no longer contacts the base 326 of the engaging member 304. The removal of the force applied by the cam 316 causes the engaging member 304 to retreat from the complementary bore, urged by the spring 330 acting against same, back into the passage 208.

[0172] The user can then use the appropriate tool (not shown) to loosen and remove the fastener 100. Depending on the configuration of the engaging member 304, the fastener may readily be reused, either straight away or following replacement of the engaging member. 6.3. Advantages

[0173] As can be seen from the description above of the two examples of the technology, the invention is advantageous in that it provides a means of locking a fastener relative to the complementary bore with which it is to be used that is operable via a rotational action rather than a pushing or pulling action. In some situations, this may be more appropriate for use when the user has limited space to work.

[0174] From a manufacturing perspective, the present invention is advantageous in being simpler, and therefore more cost-effective, to manufacture. This is due to the simplicity of its arrangement which does not require multiple plunger-type mechanisms such as those commonly found in the prior art. Additionally, in some instances and with appropriate machining and tooling, it may be possible to retrofit an existing fastener to receive the actuating means and engaging member. This may facilitate reuse of fasteners that may otherwise be discarded.

[0175] From an installation point of view, the present invention is advantageous as it provides a locking mechanism that is enclosed entirely within the bolt itself. No external components, such as lock washers or the like, are required to ensure the bolt is restrained in place.

[0176] 6.4. Other Remarks

[0177] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like, are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense, that is to say, in the sense of "including, but not limited to".

[0178] The entire disclosures of all applications, patents and publications cited above, if any, are herein incorporated by reference.

[0179] Reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that that prior art forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour in any country in the world.

[0180] The technology may also be said broadly to consist in the parts, elements and features referred to or indicated in the specification of the application, individually or collectively, in any or all combinations of two or more of said parts, elements or features.

[0181] Where in the foregoing description reference has been made to integers or components having known equivalents thereof, those integers are herein incorporated as if individually set forth.

[0182] It should be noted that various changes and modifications to the presently preferred embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed and without diminishing its attendant advantages. It is therefore intended that such changes and modifications be included within the present technology.

Claims

7. CLAIMSWhat we claim is:

1. A fastener for use with a complementary opening having a bore, wherein the fastener includes: a body including: a shaft having an exterior surface and a longitudinal dimension, and wherein the shaft includes a bore extending at least a portion of the longitudinal dimension, and wherein the bore includes a passage substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension, the passage opening to the exterior surface of the shaft; and a head having an opening to the bore of the shaft; wherein the fastener also includes: a locking mechanism substantially disposed within the bore of the shaft, wherein the locking mechanism includes: a rotary lock pin having a head configured to receive a tool, wherein the head includes a biasing surface, wherein the rotary lock pin includes a lower portion depending from the head; an actuating means configured with a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is configured to receive the lower portion of the rotary lock pin during engagement, allowing the actuating means to rotate in unison with the rotary lock pin, and wherein the second portion of the actuating means has a longitudinal dimension and wherein a movement transfer mechanism is provided to a portion of its longitudinal dimension; a biasing member disposed between, and arranged to act against, the biasing surface of the rotary lock pin and an upper surface of the first portion of the actuating means; and an engaging member provided to the passage of the shaft, and wherein the actuating means is operable, to urge the movement transfer mechanism against the engaging member.

2. The fastener as claimed in claim 1, wherein the exterior surface of the shaft is configured with an engaging surface that is co-operates with an engaging surface provided to the bore of the complementary opening.

3. The fastener as claimed in claim 2, wherein the engaging surfaces are a co-operating helical screw thread.

4. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bore of the shaft is a blind bore.

5. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fastener includes a biasing member arranged to, in us, acts against a surface provided to an underside of the opening of the bore of the shaft and / or the locking mechanism.

6. The fastener as claimed in claim 5, wherein the biasing member is a circlip.

7. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the head of the rotary lock pin is configured with a slot or recess to receive the tool.

8. The fastener as claimed in claim 7, wherein the biasing surface of the rotary lock pin is a skirt or flange extending around the circumference of the head of the rotary lock pin.

9. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the locking mechanism includes a bushing.

10. The fastener as claimed in claim 9, wherein the bushing is disposed within the bore of the shaft proximate the opening of the bore of the shaft.

11. The fastener as claimed in claim 10, wherein at least a portion of the rotary lock pin is received within an interior of the bushing.

12. The fastener as claimed in either claim 10 or claim 11, wherein at least a portion of the head extends upwards through an opening provided to the bushing.

13. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the opening of the bore of the shaft is provided with an interlocking member to engage with a complementary interlocking member provided to the locking mechanism.

14. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the movement transfer mechanism is positioned on the second portion of the actuating means such that, in use, it is proximate the passage provided to the body of the fastener.

15. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the second portion of the actuating means is a shaft.

16. The fastener as claimed in claim 15, wherein the movement transfer mechanism is a cam provided to a side of the shaft.

17. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the engaging member includes a first end and a second end.

18. The fastener as claimed in claim 17, wherein the first end includes a surface configured to engage with a surface of the bore of the complementary opening.

19. The fastener as claimed in either claim 17 or claim 18, wherein the second end includes a surface configured to contact the movement transfer mechanism in use.

20. The fastener as claimed in any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein the second end of the engaging member is provided with a biasing member that acts against an interior surface of the bore of the shaft.

21. The fastener as claimed in claim 20, wherein the biasing member is a spring.

22. The fastener as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fastener is a bolt.

23. A method of using a fastener with a complementary bore, the fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 22, the method including the steps of: a) engaging the fastener with the complementary bore; and b) actuating the locking mechanism of the fastener to urge the engaging member into contact with a surface of the complementary bore.

24. The method as claimed in claim 23, wherein the method includes the additional steps of: c) actuating the locking mechanism of the fastener to urge the engaging member out of contact with the surface of the complementary bore; and d) disengaging the engaging member from the complementary bore.

25. The method as claimed in claim 23 or claim 24, wherein step b) involves applying: i) a downwards motion to the rotary lock pin, opposing the biasing member, to engage the lower portion of the rotary lock pin with the first portion of the actuating means; and ii) a rotary motion to the head of the rotary lock pin with a tool, thereby rotating the rotary lock pin and the actuating means together.

26. The method as claimed in claim 25, wherein the tool is a screwdriver, drill bit, or rachet.

27. The method as claimed in claim 23 or claim 24, wherein the urging process of step b) is achieved by rotating a surface of the locking mechanism against a surface of the engaging member, forcing the engaging member out of the passage and contacting a surface of the complementary bore.

28. A method of manufacturing a fastener, the fastener as claims in any one of claims 1 to 22, the method including the steps of: a) forming a bore within the body of a fastener extending from the head to at least partway along the longitudinal dimension of the shaft; b) forming a passage, perpendicular to the longitudinal dimension of the shaft, linking the bore to the exterior surface of the shaft;c) installing an engaging member into the passage; and d) installing a locking mechanism within the bore of the fastener.

29. The method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the order in which steps a) and b) are performed are interchangeable and / or the order in which steps c) and d) are performed are interchangeable.

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