Magnetic hybrid material and preparation method therefor, polymer composite material, antenna, and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of antenna materials, and is used for improving the plasticity of antenna materials. Provided are a magnetic hybrid material and a preparation method therefor, a polymer composite material, an antenna, and an electronic device. The magnetic hybrid material comprises a mixture of a magnetic powder and a viscosity-regulating powder, wherein the particle size of the viscosity-regulating powder is less than the particle size of the magnetic powder, and the material of the viscosity-regulating powder comprises a non-metal mineral. In the embodiments of the present application, the magnetic powder has a relatively good magnetism, and due to the addition of the viscosity-regulating powder to the magnetic powder, the fluidity and viscosity of the formed magnetic hybrid material can be adjusted. Further, after the magnetic hybrid material and a polymer material are compounded, a polymer composite material having a higher plasticity and better mechanical properties can be formed; and both the magnetic hybrid material and the polymer composite material can be used as an antenna substrate material.

Description

Magnetic hybrid material and preparation method thereof, polymer composite material, antenna and electronic equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on November 13, 2023, with application number 202311512232.0 and application name “A magnetic hybrid material and its preparation method, polymer composite material, antenna and electronic device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of antenna materials, and in particular to a magnetic hybrid material and a preparation method thereof, a polymer composite material, an antenna and an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] With the rapid development of microwave communication technology, electronic devices are becoming increasingly miniaturized, intelligent, and functional. Currently, ferrite magnetic powder materials, due to their high permeability and low loss characteristics, have become one of the key basic materials for antenna substrates, high-frequency microwave circuit boards, inductors, filters, and other devices in electronic devices.

[0004] In related technologies, ferrite magnetic materials use barium ferrite as the main formula, and the resonance peak position of the ferrite magnetic material is regulated by doping, so that the ferrite forms a monolithic structure material, and the ferrite monolithic structure is directly used as an antenna substrate. However, its mechanical properties are relatively brittle, and it is prone to cracking and fragility when used as a material.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a magnetic hybrid material and a preparation method thereof, a polymer composite material, an antenna and an electronic device, which are used to solve the problem that ferrite magnetic materials are prone to cracking and fragility.

[0007] In a first aspect, a magnetic hybrid material is provided, comprising a mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity adjusting powder; wherein the particle size of the viscosity adjusting powder is smaller than the particle size of the magnetic powder, and the material of the viscosity adjusting powder comprises non-metallic minerals.

[0008] In the magnetic hybrid material provided in the embodiment of the present application, since the magnetic powder has good magnetic properties, the magnetic hybrid material has a higher magnetic permeability. For example, the magnetic permeability of the magnetic hybrid material can be greater than 1.2, and since the viscosity adjusting powder includes non-metallic minerals, the particle size of the viscosity adjusting powder is smaller than the particle size of the magnetic powder, so that the viscosity adjusting powder has the characteristic of adjusting the viscosity of the mixture. Therefore, the fluidity and viscosity of the magnetic hybrid material can be enhanced, and the mechanical properties of the magnetic hybrid material can be enhanced. Furthermore, when the magnetic hybrid material is compounded with a polymer material to form a polymer composite material, the particles of the polymer composite material have good processing fluidity and plasticity. For example, when the polymer composite material is made into an antenna substrate, it is easy to process and not easy to crack and damage, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of the polymer composite material.

[0009] In some embodiments, the viscosity-adjusting powder has a particle size range of 10 nm to 1 μm. In this embodiment, due to the smaller particle size of the viscosity-adjusting powder, the viscosity-adjusting powder and the magnetic powder are more fully contacted and bonded, thereby improving the viscosity of the magnetic hybrid material. Furthermore, after the magnetic hybrid material is added to the polymer material, the resulting polymer composite material also exhibits good plasticity and fluidity.

[0010] In some embodiments, the viscosity adjusting powder has a doping ratio of 0.01% to 10%. This configuration facilitates the viscosity adjusting powder to adjust the viscosity of the mixture according to different doping ratios.

[0011] In some embodiments, the non-metallic minerals include aluminum or silicon oxide powders. In this embodiment, the aluminum or silicon oxide powders added have low expansion coefficients and good wettability, making the magnetic hybrid material easy to mix with the polymer material.

[0012] In some embodiments, the magnetic powder includes a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder, wherein the particle size of the first magnetic powder is larger than that of the second magnetic powder. In this embodiment, because the magnetic powders are of two different particle sizes, the second magnetic powder is doped between the particles of the first magnetic powder, thereby increasing the compactness of the first and second magnetic powders and thereby increasing the loading of the first and second magnetic powders in the magnetic hybrid material.

[0013] In some embodiments, the particle size of the first magnetic powder is in the range of 3 μm to 25 μm, and the particle size of the second magnetic powder is in the range of 0.5 μm to 10 μm. This configuration allows the first magnetic powder to have a larger particle size than the second magnetic powder, as the particle size of the second magnetic powder is smaller than that of the first magnetic powder. This allows the second magnetic powder to be mixed between the particles of the first magnetic powder, thereby improving the mixing degree between the first and second magnetic powders and thereby increasing the magnetic permeability and dielectric constant of the magnetic hybrid material.

[0014] In some embodiments, the particle size of the first magnetic powder is in the range of 15 μm to 25 μm, and the particle size of the second magnetic powder is in the range of 4 μm to 10 μm. This configuration further reduces the particle size range of the first and second magnetic powders, facilitating the selection of first and second magnetic powder particle sizes that provide a better mixing effect, thereby further improving the mixing efficiency of the magnetic powder and the viscosity-adjusting powder.

[0015] In some embodiments, the doping ratio of the first magnetic powder is 50%-70%, and the doping ratio of the second magnetic powder is 10%-30%. This configuration allows the doping ratio of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder to be greater than that of the viscosity adjusting powder, thereby increasing the loading of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder in the magnetic hybrid material, thereby enhancing the magnetic properties of the magnetic hybrid material.

[0016] In some embodiments, the magnetic powder includes a first magnetic powder but does not include a second magnetic powder. The particle size range and doping ratio of the first magnetic powder can be found in the description of the previous embodiments and are not further described here. Mixing the first magnetic powder with the viscosity-adjusting powder to produce a magnetic hybrid material can reduce the number of steps required to prepare the magnetic hybrid material, thereby simplifying the preparation process.

[0017] In some embodiments, the magnetic powder includes a second magnetic powder but does not include the first magnetic powder. The particle size range and doping ratio of the second magnetic powder can be found in the description of the previous embodiments and are not further described here. Mixing the second magnetic powder with the viscosity-adjusting powder to produce a magnetic hybrid material can reduce the number of steps required to prepare the magnetic hybrid material, thereby simplifying the preparation process.

[0018] In some embodiments, the magnetic powder material includes Co2Z ferrite. This embodiment uses Co2Z ferrite as the material of the magnetic powder. Since Co2Z ferrite has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, low loss and good fluidity, the magnetic powder has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, low loss and good fluidity.

[0019] In some embodiments, the material of the magnetic powder includes BaCO3, SrCO3, Co2O3, and Fe2O3. This embodiment further uses the above four ferrite oxides as raw materials for preparing Co2Z type ferrite into magnetic powder, so that the magnetic powder formed by the ferrite oxides has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, low loss and good fluidity of Co2Z type ferrite magnetic powder material.

[0020] In a second aspect, a method for preparing a magnetic hybrid material is provided, comprising: forming a mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity adjusting powder, wherein the particle size of the viscosity adjusting powder is smaller than the particle size of the magnetic powder, and the material of the viscosity adjusting powder includes non-metallic minerals.

[0021] The preparation method of the magnetic hybrid material provided in the embodiment of the present application is used to prepare the aforementioned magnetic hybrid material, and the beneficial effects of the formed magnetic hybrid material will not be repeated here.

[0022] In some embodiments, forming a mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity-adjusting powder includes: forming the magnetic powder comprising a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder, wherein the particle size of the first magnetic powder is larger than the particle size of the second magnetic powder; and mixing the magnetic powder comprising the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder with the viscosity-adjusting powder according to a target doping ratio to obtain the mixture. In this embodiment, the first magnetic powder, the second magnetic powder, and the viscosity-adjusting powder can be mixed, and the particle sizes of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder are different. This facilitates the doping of the second magnetic powder into the particle size gaps of the first magnetic powder, resulting in a more compact mixing of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, thereby increasing the filling amount of the magnetic powder in the magnetic hybrid material. Furthermore, because the viscosity-adjusting powder adjusts the viscosity of the magnetic hybrid material, it facilitates increasing the fluidity of the magnetic hybrid material after being added to the polymer composite material. As a result, the magnetic hybrid material prepared as described above has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability and good plasticity.

[0023] In some embodiments, the target doping ratios include: a doping ratio of 50%-70% for the first magnetic powder, a doping ratio of 10%-30% for the second magnetic powder, and a doping ratio of 0.01%-10% for the viscosity-adjusting powder. In this embodiment, by having a higher doping ratio for the first magnetic powder than for the second magnetic powder, and a higher doping ratio for the second magnetic powder than for the viscosity-adjusting powder, the magnetic hybrid material can be made to have high magnetic permeability. Furthermore, when the magnetic hybrid material is added to a polymer material, the resulting polymer composite material can be easily processed, non-brittle, and highly plastic.

[0024] In some embodiments, the forming of the magnetic powder comprising the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder comprises: sintering the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material for a first time, so that the first magnetic powder raw material forms incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder, and the second magnetic powder raw material forms incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder; adding Bi2O3 material to the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder and mixing them, and then sintering for a second time, so that the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder form complete crystals of the first magnetic powder, and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder form complete crystals of the second magnetic powder; grinding the complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the complete crystals of the second magnetic powder to obtain the magnetic powder comprising the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

[0025] In this arrangement, the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material are first sintered to obtain incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder, and then Bi2O3 material is added to the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder, so that the Bi2O3 material and the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder undergo a physical reaction, facilitating the conversion of the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder into complete crystals, thereby increasing the resonant frequency of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, reducing magnetic loss, and adjusting the magnetic permeability and dielectric constant, thereby facilitating a second sintering to obtain complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder. The above preparation method can adjust the magnetic permeability and dielectric constant of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder to achieve adjustment of the electromagnetic parameters of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, and uses a large amount of the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material to prepare the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, achieving mass production. Therefore, the above preparation process has high commercial value and low preparation cost, and this embodiment is suitable for mass production.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material both include BaCO3, SrCO3, Co2O3, and Fe2O3. In this configuration, ferrite oxide is used as the raw material for the magnetic powder. Since ferrite oxide has high magnetic permeability, the magnetic powder formed from the ferrite oxide (i.e., the ferrite magnetic powder material) has high magnetic permeability.

[0027] In some embodiments, before the first sintering of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials, the first and second magnetic powder raw materials are added to a dispersant and then dried. In this embodiment, the addition of the dispersant facilitates uniform dispersion of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials. After drying, other impurities are evaporated along with the dispersant, thereby facilitating mixing of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials.

[0028] In some embodiments, after adding Bi2O3 material to the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder and mixing them, and before performing a second sintering, the process further includes: grinding the mixture of the incomplete crystals and the Bi2O3 material; and drying the incomplete crystals mixed with the Bi2O3 material. In this configuration, by grinding the mixture of the incomplete crystals and the Bi2O3 material to reduce the particle size of the mixture, and drying the mixture to facilitate sintering the dried mixture, the resonant frequency of the incomplete crystals containing the Bi2O3 material is increased, and the magnetic loss is reduced, thereby adjusting the electromagnetic parameters of the mixture.

[0029] In some embodiments, the doping ratio of the Bi2O3 material is in the range of 2.9% to 3.1%. In this embodiment, the added Bi2O3 material physically reacts with the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder to change the crystal structure of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, thereby facilitating the transformation of the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder into complete crystals.

[0030] In some embodiments, the forming of the magnetic powder comprising the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder includes: adding the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material to a solvent to prepare a mixed solution; heating the mixed solution to form a wet sol; drying the wet sol to form a dry gel; and sintering the dry gel to obtain the magnetic powder comprising the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

[0031] In this embodiment, a first magnetic powder material and a second magnetic powder material are added to a solvent for a mixed reaction, whereby the first and second magnetic powder materials react during heating to form a precipitate. This preparation method, by mixing the first and second magnetic powder materials in a solution, achieves greater uniformity at the molecular microscopic level, thereby producing a higher-quality magnetic powder.

[0032] In some embodiments, the steps of adding a first magnetic powder raw material and a second magnetic powder raw material to a solvent to prepare a mixed solution include: the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material both include metal nitrates, and the metal nitrates are mixed with the first solvent to prepare a metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution; citric acid is dissolved in the second solvent to prepare a citric acid aqueous solution, and the ratio of the citric acid to the metal nitrates is the same; and the metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution is mixed with the citric acid aqueous solution to obtain the mixed solution.

[0033] In this embodiment, a mixed solution is obtained by mixing a mixed aqueous solution of metal nitrates and an aqueous solution of citric acid, so that the mixed solution is acidic, which facilitates adjusting the pH value after adding ammonia water to the mixed solution, so that the metal ions and hydroxide ions in the mixed solution react and combine to form a precipitate, thereby facilitating the preparation of a wet sol.

[0034] In some embodiments, the step of sintering the dry gel to obtain the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder includes: burning the dry gel; grinding and sintering the burned dry gel; grinding the sintered dry gel to obtain the magnetic powder containing the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

[0035] In this embodiment, the dry gel is burned to form flocs, which are incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder. The flocs are then ground and sintered to react to form complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder. The above preparation method facilitates the preparation of a small amount of first and second magnetic powders with high quality after the mixed reaction.

[0036] In some embodiments, during the step of grinding and then sintering the burned xerogel, the xerogel is heated to a first temperature for sintering, and then cooled to a second temperature after sintering, wherein the first temperature ranges from 1150°C to 1270°C, and the second temperature is 100°C less than the first temperature. With this arrangement, during the sintering of the ground flocs, the flocs are sintered at the first temperature and then cooled to the second temperature, allowing the flocs to completely react at the first and second temperatures to form the first and second magnetic powders, thereby improving the purity of the first and second magnetic powders.

[0037] In a third aspect, a polymer composite material is provided, comprising a mixture of a polymer material and a magnetic hybrid material, wherein the magnetic hybrid material is the magnetic hybrid material described in the first aspect.

[0038] In this embodiment, a polymer composite material is prepared by compounding a magnetic hybrid material with a polymer material, so that the polymer composite material has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, good plasticity and low magnetic loss of the magnetic hybrid material.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, a method for preparing a polymer composite material is provided, wherein a polymer material is compounded with a magnetic hybrid material to form the polymer composite material as described in the third aspect.

[0040] The technical effects brought about by any possible implementation of the fourth aspect can be referred to the technical effects brought about by the implementation of the third aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0041] In a fifth aspect, an antenna is provided, comprising an antenna substrate and a communication element disposed on the antenna substrate, wherein the antenna substrate is made of the polymer composite material as described in the third aspect.

[0042] The antenna substrate of the antenna of this embodiment is made of the polymer composite material of the third aspect, so that the antenna substrate has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, good plasticity and low magnetic loss of the polymer composite material, and thus the antenna also has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, good plasticity and low magnetic loss.

[0043] In a sixth aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising a device body and the antenna described in the fifth aspect, wherein the antenna is mounted on the device body.

[0044] The antenna of the electronic device of this embodiment has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, good plasticity, and low magnetic loss of the antenna substrate, and thus the electronic device also has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, good plasticity, and low magnetic loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] FIG1 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG2 is a structural diagram of a mobile phone provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of a material for making an antenna substrate and filling an antenna gap according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG4 is an XRD diffraction pattern of a jet mill sample and a ball mill sample;

[0049] FIG5 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a magnetic hybrid material provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG6 is a flow chart of a solid-phase sintering method for a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG7 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a first magnetic powder raw material and a second magnetic powder raw material by first sintering according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG8 is a flow chart of a preparation method between the first sintering and the second sintering of the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG9 is a flow chart of a sol-gel method for preparing a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG10 is a flow chart of the formation of a precipitate by a first magnetic powder raw material and a second magnetic powder raw material according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG11 is a flow chart of a method for preparing xerogel sintering provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The terms "first," "second," and the like (if any) in the description and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, e.g., a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0058] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer), a personal digital assistant (PDA) and other mobile terminals, a smart TV, a smart camera and other smart home devices, or other desktop, laptop, notebook computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), netbook, smart screen and other devices.

[0059] Please refer to FIG1 , which is a structural block diagram of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1000 may include a device body 100 and an antenna 200 .

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, the electronic device 1000 is taken as a mobile phone as an example. Please refer to Figure 2, which is a structural diagram of a mobile phone provided in the embodiment of the present application. The device body 100 may include the mobile phone's middle frame 101, screen, battery, circuit board, back cover, etc. The middle frame 101 includes a middle plate and a frame. The screen can be installed on one side of the middle plate, and accessories such as the battery and circuit board can be installed on the other side. The back cover is used to snap together with the middle frame 101 to fix accessories such as the battery and circuit board. The middle frame 101 is the frame of the mobile phone and supports the entire mobile phone. Therefore, the middle frame 101 can be made of a metal material with a certain strength to support the entire mobile phone. The middle frame 101 undergoes multiple processes, such as polishing, computer numerical control (CNC) processing, drilling, etc. The mobile phone middle frame 101 can also be used to assemble some hardware such as the central processing unit (CPU), card slots, and antennas.

[0061] For ease of description, the length direction of the device body 100 is defined as the Y1 axis. The width direction of the device body 100 is defined as the X1 axis. The thickness direction of the device body 100 is defined as the Z1 axis. It is understood that the coordinate system setting of the device body 100 can be flexibly set according to specific actual needs.

[0062] Antenna 200 includes an antenna substrate 201 and communication components disposed on antenna substrate 201. The communication components may include a radiator, a feeder, and a grounding wire. The midboard of the mobile phone has an antenna area for mounting the antenna. The midboard portion located in the antenna area can be made of plastic. While plastic facilitates the passage of electromagnetic waves, it creates a gap between the plastic and metal, which is commonly seen as the antenna gap between the midboard and the frame of a mobile phone. In this embodiment, the material used to make antenna substrate 201 can be used to fill this gap.

[0063] Refer to Figure 3, which shows a cross-sectional view of the antenna gap filled with material used to make antenna substrate 201. The material used to make antenna substrate 201 is filled between frame 1001 and the midplane. The material includes plastic 2001 and a polymer composite material block 2002. Plastic 2001 is placed between frame 1001 and the midplane, and a mounting slot is defined in plastic 2001. Polymer composite material block 2002 is placed within the mounting slot and secured within the slot using a dispensing method. A dispensing layer 2003 forms between the walls of polymer composite material block 2002 and the mounting slot walls, securing polymer composite material block 2002 to frame 1001. Filling polymer composite material block 2002 between frame 1001 and the midplane with plastic enhances the magnetic permeability of the antenna substrate. It should be noted that polymer composite material block 2002 is injection-molded by combining a molten polymer material with a magnetic hybrid material.

[0064] As an important component of communication transmission, the antenna has high requirements for the loss and delay of signal transmission. In the related art, ferrite magnetic powder materials with high magnetic permeability and low loss are the key basic materials for antenna substrates. Therefore, in order to achieve low loss in signal transmission, ferrite magnetic powder materials with high magnetic permeability and low loss are used in antenna materials such as 2G communications. While reducing the physical size of the antenna, it can avoid the adverse effects of using magnetic powder materials with high dielectric constants on the antenna during operation, thereby improving the degree of integration. Not only that, if ferrite magnetic powder materials with high magnetic permeability and low loss are applied to high-frequency microwave circuit boards, inductors, filters and other equipment, low loss and low delay of the transmission signal can be achieved, and microwave signals can be transmitted at high speed. It should be noted that the antenna of the present application is not limited to 2G communications, but can also be used in high-frequency microwave communication equipment such as 5G and 6G communications.

[0065] Common ferrite magnetic powder materials are divided into garnet, spinel and hexagonal ferrites. Different from garnet and spinel ferrites, hexagonal ferrites have higher uniaxial anisotropy and thus higher magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The structure is a hexagonal structure composed of alternating stacking of basic structural blocks S and R. The main component is BaFe 12 O 19 There are six configurations of permanent ferrites, namely M, W, X, Y, Z, and U. Co2Z ferrite, with the molecular formula of Ba3Co2Fe 24 O 41 (e.g., 3BaO*2CoO*12Fe2O3), where the substances in brackets represent different metal occupants, resulting in different magnetic moments. * is used only as a separator. Theoretically, the resonant frequency can reach 3.4 GHz, making it a soft magnetic material suitable for high-frequency applications.

[0066] In some implementations, the antenna substrate is made of ferrite material. Ferrite material has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability and low loss, thereby improving antenna performance. However, the ferrite material described above uses a ferrite monolithic structure, and the resonance peak position of the ferrite material is controlled by doping, so that the ferrite material is completely sintered into the antenna substrate for use. However, when the ferrite material is actually sintered into the antenna substrate, the ferrite material is relatively brittle after sintering, making the resulting antenna substrate prone to cracking and brittleness, resulting in poor mechanical properties of the antenna substrate.

[0067] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a magnetic hybrid material and a polymer composite material. Among them, the magnetic hybrid material has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, low loss and good fluidity. The polymer composite material includes a magnetic hybrid material and a polymer material. The preparation method of the polymer composite material includes adding the magnetic hybrid material to the polymer material to form a mixture of the polymer composite material, and forming the polymer composite material into an antenna substrate by melt extrusion, injection molding, etc. The polymer composite material made of the magnetic hybrid material also has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability and low loss, thereby making the antenna substrate made of the polymer composite material have the characteristics of high magnetic permeability and low loss, and also has strong processability.

[0068] In the examples of the present application, there is no specific limitation on the amount of polymer material and magnetic hybrid material added.

[0069] The magnetic hybrid material is further described below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0070] To obtain a magnetic hybrid material with high magnetic permeability, low loss, and good fluidity, the present application provides a magnetic hybrid material comprising a mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity-adjusting powder; wherein the viscosity-adjusting powder has a smaller particle size than the magnetic powder, and the material of the viscosity-adjusting powder comprises a non-metallic mineral. Because the viscosity-adjusting powder has a smaller particle size than the magnetic powder, the magnetic powder has a larger volume within the magnetic hybrid material, facilitating improved magnetic properties of the magnetic hybrid material. Furthermore, the viscosity-adjusting powder is located between the particles of the magnetic powder, acting as a lubricant to enhance the fluidity and plasticity of the magnetic and viscosity-adjusting powders after mixing.

[0071] The viscosity regulating powder adopts non-metallic minerals, which can effectively regulate the fluidity and viscosity of the magnetic hybrid material, so that after the magnetic hybrid material is compounded with the polymer material, the fluidity of the formed polymer composite material can be regulated, thereby making the polymer composite material have stronger plasticity.

[0072] In addition, since the magnetic powder has good magnetic properties, the polymer composite material prepared from the magnetic hybrid material and the polymer material has high magnetic permeability and plasticity. For example, the magnetic hybrid material provided in the embodiment of the present application has a dielectric constant of 3-8, a magnetic permeability of 1.2-5, a dielectric loss tangent of less than or equal to 0.1, and a magnetic loss tangent of less than or equal to 0.2. It can be seen that the magnetic hybrid material has a low dielectric constant, and the magnetic hybrid material maintains a low dielectric constant after being compounded with the polymer material.

[0073] In some embodiments, Co2Z ferrite powder materials can be used as the magnetic powder material due to their high magnetic permeability, low loss, and good fluidity. By using Co2Z ferrite powder materials as the raw material for the magnetic hybrid material, the magnetic hybrid material can possess the high magnetic permeability and low loss characteristics of the aforementioned Co2Z ferrite powder materials.

[0074] The following is an example of how to identify magnetic hybrid materials made of Co2Z ferrite:

[0075] Figure 4 shows the XRD diffraction patterns of a jet-milled sample and a ball-milled sample. The jet-milled sample represents jet-milled magnetic powder material, while the ball-milled sample represents ball-milled magnetic powder material. Referring to Figure 4, XRD (X-ray diffraction) can be used to characterize Co2Z ferrite forensics. The abscissa represents angle, and the ordinate represents signal intensity. Comparing the XRD diffraction pattern with a standard spectrum reveals the phase composition of the sample.

[0076] For example, the XRD diffraction patterns of the jet milled sample and the ball milled sample are compared with the standard spectra respectively. By comparing the angles under the peaks, it can be seen that the diffraction patterns of the two samples are consistent with the standard spectra of Co2Z type ferrite, so it can be known that the measured samples are Co2Z type ferrite.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present application, in order to obtain a magnetic mixed material with high fluidity, as a feasible implementation method, the particle size range of the viscosity adjusting powder is 10nm-1um, so that the particle size of the viscosity adjusting powder is smaller, so that the viscosity adjusting powder and the magnetic powder are mixed more fully and have better bonding, thereby enhancing the fluidity of the magnetic powder and the viscosity adjusting powder after being added to the polymer material together.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, the particle size of the viscosity regulating powder only needs to be within a certain range, such as 10 nm-1 um, and the present application does not impose too many restrictions.

[0079] The addition of viscosity-adjusting powder can increase the viscosity (i.e., fluidity) of the magnetic hybrid material after it is added to the polymer material. The higher the viscosity-adjusting powder content, the greater the viscosity and fluidity of the resulting magnetic hybrid material after it is added to the polymer material. As a feasible implementation, to achieve a magnetic hybrid material with a higher modulus, the viscosity-adjusting powder content can be greater than or equal to 0.01%.

[0080] However, the high proportion of viscosity-adjusting powder added to the magnetic hybrid material can easily affect the electromagnetic parameters of the magnetic hybrid material. To ensure the high magnetic permeability and low loss characteristics of the magnetic hybrid material, as a feasible implementation method, the doping ratio of the viscosity-adjusting powder can be less than or equal to 10%.

[0081] In order to take into account the high magnetic permeability, low loss and fluidity of the magnetic hybrid material, as a feasible implementation method, the doping ratio of the viscosity-adjusting powder is 0.01%-10%.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present application, the material of the viscosity regulating powder is a non-metallic mineral, and the non-metallic mineral can be an oxide powder containing aluminum or silicon. The oxide of aluminum or silicon has the characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient, wettability, thermal stability and good insulation. Using the oxide powder containing aluminum or silicon as the viscosity regulating powder, the oxide of aluminum or silicon can adjust the viscosity of the magnetic hybrid material and the polymer material after mixing. It can also make the thermal expansion coefficient of the magnetic hybrid material lower after the viscosity regulating powder and the magnetic powder are mixed into the magnetic hybrid material, so as to avoid the expansion of the magnetic hybrid material when heated; and help to improve the wettability of the magnetic hybrid material, so that the magnetic hybrid material and the polymer material are evenly mixed; furthermore, when the magnetic hybrid material is processed at high temperature, the magnetic hybrid material has good thermal stability to avoid the reaction and release of gas; furthermore, the magnetic hybrid material has good insulation, and the magnetic hybrid material maintains the insulation properties after being compounded with the polymer material.

[0083] In other embodiments, non-metallic minerals may also include kaolin powder or titanium dioxide, talc powder, feldspar powder, calcite powder, quartz powder, heavy calcium powder, light calcium powder, fluorite powder, mica powder, phthalocyanine, lead-chromium pigments, pearlescent pigments, barite powder, graphite powder, gypsum powder, and bentonite powder. These powders all have low thermal expansion coefficients, good wettability, thermal stability, and insulation properties, and are used as viscosity-adjusting powders. These powders are used as viscosity-adjusting powders to adjust the viscosity, i.e., the flowability, of the mixed magnetic hybrid material and polymer material.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present application, non-metallic minerals are used to give the magnetic hybrid material better fluidity. Furthermore, in order to increase the magnetic properties of the magnetic hybrid material, as a feasible implementation method, the magnetic powder includes a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder, and the particle size of the first magnetic powder is larger than the particle size of the second magnetic powder. In the embodiment of the present application, the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder are made of the same material but have different particle sizes. By dividing the magnetic powder into two powders with different particle sizes, it is easier to fill the second magnetic powder into the gaps between the particles of the first magnetic powder, so that the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder are more tightly combined, thereby increasing the filling amount of the magnetic powder in the magnetic hybrid material.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder are mixed together with the viscosity adjustment powder according to the target doping ratio to form a magnetic hybrid material, so that the three powders are combined to achieve the high magnetic permeability, low loss and good fluidity characteristics of the magnetic hybrid material.

[0086] To improve the mixing of the magnetic powder and viscosity-adjusting powder, as a feasible approach, the particle size of the first magnetic powder ranges from 3µm to 25µm, while the particle size of the second magnetic powder ranges from 0.5µm to 10µm. Because the second magnetic powder is located in the gaps between the first magnetic powder particles, it increases the compactness of the magnetic powders. Therefore, the first and second magnetic powders have different particle sizes.

[0087] To balance the compactness and high filling capacity of the first and second magnetic powders, as a feasible implementation, the particle size of the first magnetic powder is in the range of 15-25 μm, and the particle size of the second magnetic powder is in the range of 4-10 μm. It is worth noting that the first magnetic powder can be a single particle size or a mixed particle size. The second magnetic powder can be a single particle size or a mixed particle size.

[0088] Because the addition of the first and second magnetic powders enhances the magnetic properties of the magnetic hybrid material, resulting in high magnetic permeability, it can be understood that the more first and second magnetic powders are added, the better the magnetic properties of the magnetic hybrid material. To ensure the fluidity of the magnetic hybrid material and its plasticity after mixing with the polymer material, as a feasible implementation, the doping ratio of the first magnetic powder can be greater than or equal to 50%, and the doping ratio of the second magnetic powder can be greater than or equal to 10%.

[0089] Although the magnetic properties of the magnetic hybrid material are better when the proportion of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder added to the magnetic hybrid material is greater, in order to take into account the tightness of the viscosity adjustment powder and the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, as a feasible implementation method, the doping ratio of the first magnetic powder can be less than or equal to 70%, and the doping ratio of the second magnetic powder can be less than or equal to 30%.

[0090] In order to take into account both the magnetism and compactness of the magnetic hybrid material, as a feasible implementation method, the doping ratio of the first magnetic powder is 50%-70%, and the doping ratio of the second magnetic powder is 10%-30%.

[0091] As a feasible implementation method, the materials of the magnetic powder include BaCO3, SrCO3, Co2O3, and Fe2O3.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present application, the materials of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder both include the above-mentioned four substances, that is, the materials of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder are the same, but the particle sizes are different, so as to increase the compactness of the magnetic powder through the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder of different particle sizes, and increase the filling amount of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder in the polymer material.

[0093] In some feasible implementations, in order to save production costs and reduce preparation steps, the first magnetic powder and the viscosity adjustment powder are used alone to form the magnetic powder, or the second magnetic powder and the viscosity adjustment powder are used alone to form the magnetic powder.

[0094] In order to improve the magnetic properties of the first magnetic powder or the second magnetic powder after being mixed with the viscosity adjusting powder, in this embodiment, when the first magnetic powder or the second magnetic powder is mixed with the viscosity adjusting powder, the relationship between the particle size and magnetic properties of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder can be referred to in Table 1:

[0095] Table 1

[0096] This completes the description of mixing the first magnetic powder or the second magnetic powder with the viscosity adjusting powder.

[0097] In order to improve the bonding degree of the first magnetic powder, the second magnetic powder and the viscosity adjusting powder, in this implementation, the relationship between the particle sizes of the first magnetic powder, the second magnetic powder and the viscosity adjusting powder can be referred to in Table 2:

[0098] Table 2

[0099] This completes the description of the three mixed particle size ratios of the first magnetic powder, the second magnetic powder, and the viscosity adjusting powder.

[0100] An embodiment of the present application also provides a method for preparing a magnetic hybrid material, which is used to form a mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity adjusting powder, wherein the particle size of the viscosity adjusting powder is smaller than the particle size of the magnetic powder, and the material of the viscosity adjusting powder includes non-metallic minerals.

[0101] Refer to Figure 5, which is a flow chart of a method for preparing a magnetic hybrid material provided in a feasible embodiment. In this preparation method, a mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity-adjusting powder is formed, and the obtained mixture includes S1-S2.

[0102] S1. Forming a magnetic powder comprising a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder, wherein the particle size of the first magnetic powder is larger than the particle size of the second magnetic powder.

[0103] S2. Mixing the magnetic powder including the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder with the viscosity adjustment powder according to a target doping ratio to obtain a mixture.

[0104] In the present embodiment, a method for preparing a magnetic hybrid material comprises mixing a first magnetic powder, a second magnetic powder, and a viscosity-adjusting powder to form the magnetic hybrid material. For example, as a feasible implementation, the target doping ratios may include: a doping ratio of 50%-70% for the first magnetic powder, a doping ratio of 10%-30% for the second magnetic powder, and a doping ratio of 0.01%-10% for the viscosity-adjusting powder.

[0105] The three kinds of powders are mixed with each other, wherein the particle size of the first magnetic powder is larger than that of the second magnetic powder, the particle size of the second magnetic powder is larger than that of the viscosity adjusting powder, the doping ratio of the first magnetic powder is larger than that of the second magnetic powder, and the doping ratio of the second magnetic powder is larger than that of the viscosity adjusting powder, so as to achieve the highest doping ratio of the powder with the largest particle size and the lowest doping ratio of the powder with the smallest particle size, so as to ensure that the magnetic hybrid material has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability, low loss, good fluidity and strong plasticity after mixing with polymer materials.

[0106] Hereinafter, the preparation steps of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder are introduced in combination with two specific embodiments.

[0107] Example 1:

[0108] The raw materials for the first and second magnetic powders are prepared using a solid-phase sintering method, ensuring mass production of the first and second magnetic powders. Referring to Figure 6 , a flow chart of the solid-phase sintering method for the first and second magnetic powders, provided in a feasible embodiment, is shown. The solid-phase sintering method forms a magnetic powder comprising the first and second magnetic powders, including steps S11a to S13a.

[0109] S11a, sintering the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material for the first time, so that the first magnetic powder raw material forms an incomplete crystal of the first magnetic powder, and the second magnetic powder raw material forms an incomplete crystal of the second magnetic powder.

[0110] To improve the success rate of the first sintering of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials, the present embodiment further optimizes the preparation method of the first and second magnetic powders provided in the above embodiment. Referring to FIG7 , FIG7 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials provided in a feasible embodiment. S11a in the preparation method provided in the above embodiment may include S111a to S114a.

[0111] S111a, mixing the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material both include BaCO3, SrCO3, Co2O3, and Fe2O3, and according to the magnetic mixed material formula molecular expression Ba 3-x Sr x Co2Fe 24 O 41 The raw materials are weighed according to the stoichiometric ratio of each element in (x=0.8-1.2) to determine the content of the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material.

[0113] S112a, before sintering the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material for the first time, adding the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material into a dispersant.

[0114] However, before sintering the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material, the large difference in particle size between the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material may easily affect the first sintering effect of the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material.

[0115] In order to solve the problem of large difference in particle size between the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material, the embodiment of the present application puts the weighed first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material into a ball mill before the first sintering of the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material, and adds an appropriate amount of dispersant to mix the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material evenly. Then, a planetary ball mill is used to enhance the ball milling effect, so that the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material are ball milled more evenly, thereby facilitating the first sintering.

[0116] As a feasible implementation, the present embodiment uses deionized water as a dispersant, thoroughly mixing the first and second magnetic powder raw materials before ball milling. Using deionized water, compared to ordinary water, can prevent other Na and Mg ions in the water from affecting the sintering results of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials.

[0117] S113a, drying the uniformly mixed first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material.

[0118] In this step, the deionized water mixed with the first and second magnetic powder raw materials is placed in an oven for drying at a temperature ranging from 100°C to 130°C for 15 to 24 hours, with a drying temperature of 100°C corresponding to 24 hours and a drying temperature of 130°C corresponding to 15 hours. This ensures that the first and second magnetic powder raw materials are fully dried, saving drying time and cost. During the drying process, the deionized water evaporates, leaving only the first and second magnetic powder raw materials.

[0119] S114a, sintering the dried first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material for the first time.

[0120] In this step, the first and second magnetic powder raw materials are sintered in a muffle furnace for 3 hours. Since the sintering of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials requires a high temperature environment, a temperature that is too low can easily result in some of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials failing to transform into incomplete crystals. As a feasible implementation, to allow more of the first and second magnetic powder raw materials to react and transform into incomplete crystals, the sintering temperature can be greater than or equal to 1220°C.

[0121] However, higher sintering temperatures can significantly impact the transformation of the first and second magnetic powder materials, potentially destroying the fully crystallized first and second magnetic powders and generating mixed phases or impurities. As a feasible approach, to avoid destroying the fully crystallized first and second magnetic powders due to excessively high sintering temperatures, the sintering temperature can be set to 1270°C or less.

[0122] In order to convert the raw materials BaCO3, SrCO3, Co2O3 and Fe2O3 into Ba 3-x Sr x Co2Fe 24 O 41, forming an incomplete Co2Z type ferrite crystal structure. As a feasible implementation method, the sintering temperature range of the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material is 1220℃-1270℃.

[0123] S12a. Add Bi2O3 material to the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder and mix them, and then perform a second sintering to make the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder form complete crystals of the first magnetic powder, and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder form complete crystals of the second magnetic powder.

[0124] In this step, the Bi2O3 material is in bulk and granular form and does not participate in the reaction. The addition of the Bi2O3 material physically interacts with the first and second magnetic powder raw materials to increase the resonant frequency of the magnetic powders sintered from the first and second magnetic powder raw materials, reduce magnetic losses, and facilitate adjustment of the electromagnetic parameters of the magnetic powders, ultimately sintering to form complete crystals of the first and second magnetic powders.

[0125] In order to transform the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder into complete crystals, the present embodiment further optimizes the preparation method of the magnetic hybrid material provided in the above embodiment. Please refer to Figure 8, which is a flow chart of the preparation method between the first sintering and the second sintering of the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material provided in the present embodiment. S12a in the preparation method provided in the above embodiment, after adding Bi2O3 material to the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder and mixing them, and before the second sintering, also includes S121a to S122a:

[0126] S121a, a mixture of ground incomplete crystals and Bi2O3 material.

[0127] In this step, the mixture of imperfect crystals and Bi2O3 is milled in a planetary ball mill. Deionized water is added to the mill, and the mixture, in the form of a mixed liquid, is milled in the mill. In the mill, the mass ratio of the imperfect crystals / Bi2O3 mixture, the mill balls, and the deionized water is 1:3:1. The milling time is 3-40 hours to ensure thorough mixing of the imperfect crystals and Bi2O3 mixture.

[0128] S122a, drying the incomplete crystals mixed with the Bi2O3 material.

[0129] In this step, the mixture of the ball-milled incomplete crystals and Bi2O3 is placed in an oven for drying to evaporate the deionized water, leaving only the mixture of the ball-milled incomplete crystals and Bi2O3. The drying temperature range is 100°C-130°C, and the drying time is 15-24 hours to fully dry the mixture of the incomplete crystals and Bi2O3.

[0130] Furthermore, as a feasible implementation method, the doping ratio of the Bi2O3 material can be in the range of 2.9%-3.1%.

[0131] S13a, grinding the complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the complete crystals of the second magnetic powder to obtain magnetic powder containing the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

[0132] In this step, when grinding the complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the complete crystals of the second magnetic powder, the grinding is carried out by air flow milling or ball milling. The particle size range of the mixed magnetic powder of the ground first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder is 0.5um-2um. In order to mix the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder according to the doping ratio in the above embodiment, after grinding the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, an air flow mill or ball milling device is used to automatically screen out the powder particles in the required particle size range to obtain the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder in the required particle size range in Table 2. The particle sizes of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder that are not within the range of Table 2 can be again air flow milled or ball milled into powder particles of the required particle size, thereby reducing the waste of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

[0133] Since the ball milling method requires the addition of deionized water and has many grinding steps, in some embodiments, a jet mill is used to grind the complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the complete crystals of the second magnetic powder, eliminating the step of adding deionized water, making the grinding of the complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the complete crystals of the second magnetic powder more convenient.

[0134] The fixed sintering method provided in the embodiment of the present application, through a first sintering method, reacts a first magnetic powder raw material and a second magnetic powder raw material to obtain incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder, and then performs a second sintering on the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder to obtain complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and complete crystals of the second magnetic powder. The above preparation method, through two sinterings, reacts the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material in stages, which helps to improve the conversion of the first magnetic powder raw material into complete crystals and the conversion of the second magnetic powder raw material into complete crystals, thereby improving the success rate of preparing the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material into the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, and reducing the incomplete crystal content of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystal content in the second magnetic powder.

[0135] The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the mixing method of the first magnetic powder, the second magnetic material, and the viscosity-adjusting powder. Any mixing method that can achieve the purpose of uniformly mixing the magnetic mixed materials can be applied to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, as a feasible implementation method, the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder can be mixed by stirring.

[0136] Example 2:

[0137] Another method for preparing a first magnetic powder raw material and a second magnetic powder raw material is provided. The first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material are formed into the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder through a sol-gel method, which helps to improve the miscibility of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder at the molecular microscopic level. Referring to Figure 9, Figure 9 is a flow chart of the sol-gel method for preparing the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder according to a feasible embodiment. The sol-gel method forms the magnetic powder containing the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder, including S11b to S14b:

[0138] S11b, adding the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material into a solvent to prepare a mixed solution;

[0139] To fully mix the first and second magnetic powder raw materials and form a precipitate, the present embodiment further optimizes the preparation method of the first and second magnetic powders provided in the above embodiment. See Figure 10, which is a flow chart of the formation of a precipitate from the first and second magnetic powder raw materials provided in a feasible embodiment. Step S11b in the preparation method provided in the above embodiment may include Steps S111b to S114b.

[0140] S111b: The first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material both include metal nitrate, and the metal nitrate is mixed with a first solvent to prepare a metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution.

[0141] In this step, the metal nitrate includes Ba(NO3)2, Sr(NO3)2, Co(NO3)2·6H2O, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O. According to the formula molecular expression of the main phase material Co2Z type ferrite, Ba 3-x Sr x Co2Fe 24 O 41 The raw materials are weighed in the stoichiometric ratio of each element in (x = 0.8-1.2). In order to avoid introducing other impurities into the metal nitrate, the first solvent in the embodiment of the present application includes deionized water, so as to dissolve the above-mentioned metal nitrate in deionized water to prepare a mixed aqueous solution of metal nitrate. Among them, the ratio of metal nitrate to deionized water ranges from 150mg / ml to 200mg / ml. As a feasible implementation method, the ratio of metal nitrate to deionized water can be in the range of 188mg / ml.

[0142] S112b, dissolving citric acid in a second solvent to prepare a citric acid aqueous solution, wherein the ratio of citric acid to metal nitrate is the same.

[0143] In this step, in order to avoid affecting the citric acid, the second solvent in the embodiment of the present application includes deionized water or pure water, and the above-mentioned citric acid is weighed in a molar ratio of 1:1 with the metal nitrate, and the weighed citric acid is dissolved in deionized water or pure water to form a citric acid aqueous solution.

[0144] S113b, mixing the metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution and the citric acid aqueous solution to obtain a mixed solution.

[0145] In this step, when preparing the mixed solution, the citric acid aqueous solution needs to be slowly poured into the metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution, so that the citric acid aqueous solution gradually increases the acidity of the metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution, and a glass rod is used to stir during the pouring process. At this time, the citric acid does not react with the metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution.

[0146] S114b. Add ammonia water to the mixed aqueous solution of metal nitrate and citric acid to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 6.0-8.0.

[0147] In this step, ammonia water is added to neutralize the acidity of the metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution, so that the ammonia water reacts with the metal nitrate to react and form a precipitate with the metal ions, so that the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material undergo a preliminary reaction at the molecular microscopic level to form a precipitate.

[0148] S12b, heating the mixed solution to form a wet sol.

[0149] In this step, the mixed solution is placed in a constant temperature water bath and heated and stirred continuously to rapidly increase the precipitation in the mixed aqueous solution and gradually form a wet sol in the mixed aqueous solution. The heating temperature range of the constant temperature water bath is 70°C-90°C, and the heating time is 15h-20h. As a feasible implementation method, the constant temperature water bath heating temperature can be 90°C and the heating time can be 17h, which helps the wet sol maintain a sol state during mixing.

[0150] S13b, drying the wet sol to form a xerogel;

[0151] In this step, the wet gel from step S12b is placed in an oven and dried at a temperature between 100°C and 130°C for 2 to 5 hours to fully remove the moisture from the wet sol. During the drying process, the deionized water evaporates, leaving only the xerogel, which is an incomplete crystallization of the first and second magnetic powders. As a feasible implementation, an oven temperature of 130°C and a drying time of 3 hours facilitate drying the wet gel into a xerogel.

[0152] S14b, sintering the dry gel to obtain a magnetic powder comprising a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder.

[0153] In order to completely transform the dry gel into the complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the complete crystals of the second magnetic powder, the present embodiment further optimizes the preparation method of sintering the dry gel into magnetic powder provided in the above embodiment. See Figure 11, which is a flow chart of the preparation method of sintering the dry gel provided in a feasible embodiment. S14b in the preparation method provided in the above embodiment may include S141b to S143b:

[0154] S141b, burning the dry gel.

[0155] In this step, the dry gel is placed in a crucible and ignited using a blowtorch, so that the dry gel forms gray flocs after burning, thereby further drying the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder. The resulting gray flocs are the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

[0156] S142b, grinding and sintering the burned dry gel.

[0157] In this step, the burned dry gel is ground by air flow milling or ball milling to form a powdery dry gel of flocculent material. The sintering aid is then mixed with the ground powdery dry gel and added to a muffle furnace for sintering. The temperature is raised to the ferrite sintering temperature (1150°C-1270°C) at a heating rate of 200°C / h in the muffle furnace for sintering. The sintering temperature is kept at this temperature for 3h-9h. The temperature is then lowered to a temperature 100°C lower than the sintering temperature at a cooling rate of 200°C / h and kept at this temperature for 20 minutes until the muffle furnace cools down, so that the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder are fully reacted to form a Co2Z-type ferrite block.

[0158] S143b, grinding the sintered dry gel to obtain magnetic powder including the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

[0159] In this step, the sintered dry gel forms a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder, that is, a Co2Z type ferrite block, in a muffle furnace. The sintered Co2Z type ferrite block is then ground again by air flow milling or ball milling, so that the particle size range of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder after grinding is 0.5um-25um, and then the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder with the required particle size range as shown in Table 2 are obtained by screening.

[0160] The sol-gel method of the embodiment of the present application is to mix the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material in a microscopic molecular structure by means of solution mixing ratio, and to form precipitates and flocs through chemical reactions to form incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder, so that the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material are mixed more evenly at the microscopic level to form a sol state, thereby facilitating the sintering of the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material in the sol state to form complete crystals, and improving the quality of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder obtained by the sol-gel method, thereby ensuring the high magnetic permeability characteristics of the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

[0161] Finally, the polymer material is formed into a polymer composite material with S13a or S14b, and the polymer composite material can be made into an antenna substrate, so that the antenna substrate and the device body are assembled into an electronic device. Of course, the above steps S11a to S13a or S11b to S14b only list a process of making the magnetic hybrid material provided by the embodiment of the present application into an antenna. Of course, it can be understood that in some examples, more production processes can be included in order to make the antenna have better performance. Of course, in some examples, the magnetic hybrid material can also be used to make other structures of electronic devices, for example, for anti-metal wireless radio frequency identification technology (RFID) tag products to improve the antenna signal recognition distance of the tag attached to the metal.

[0162] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic hybrid material, characterized in that: It comprises a mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity adjusting powder; wherein the particle size of the viscosity adjusting powder is smaller than that of the magnetic powder, and the material of the viscosity adjusting powder comprises non-metallic minerals.

2. The magnetic hybrid material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size range of the viscosity regulating powder is 10nm-1um.

3. The magnetic hybrid material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The doping ratio of the viscosity regulating powder is 0.01%-10%.

4. The magnetic hybrid material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The non-metallic minerals include aluminum or silicon oxide powder.

5. The magnetic hybrid material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The magnetic powder includes a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder, and the particle size of the first magnetic powder is larger than the particle size of the second magnetic powder.

6. The magnetic hybrid material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size range of the first magnetic powder is 3um-25um, and the particle size range of the second magnetic powder is 0.5um-10um.

7. The magnetic hybrid material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle size range of the first magnetic powder is 15um-25um, and the particle size range of the second magnetic powder is 4um-10um.

8. The magnetic hybrid material according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The doping ratio of the first magnetic powder is 50%-70%, and the doping ratio of the second magnetic powder is 10%-30%.

9. The magnetic hybrid material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The material of the magnetic powder includes Co2Z type ferrite.

10. The magnetic hybrid material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The materials of the magnetic powder include BaCO3, SrCO3, Co2O3 and Fe2O3.

11. A method for preparing a magnetic hybrid material, characterized in that: include: A mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity adjusting powder is formed, wherein the particle size of the viscosity adjusting powder is smaller than the particle size of the magnetic powder, and the material of the viscosity adjusting powder includes non-metallic mineralization.

12. The preparation method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The method for forming a mixture of magnetic powder and viscosity adjusting powder comprises: forming the magnetic powder comprising a first magnetic powder and a second magnetic powder, wherein the particle size of the first magnetic powder is larger than the particle size of the second magnetic powder; The magnetic powder including the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder is mixed with the viscosity adjusting powder according to a target doping ratio to obtain the mixture.

13. The preparation method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The target doping ratios include: the doping ratio of the first magnetic powder is 50%-70%, the doping ratio of the second magnetic powder is 10%-30%, and the doping ratio of the viscosity adjusting powder is 0.01%-10%.

14. The preparation method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that: The forming of the magnetic powder comprising the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder comprises: Sintering the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material for the first time, so that the first magnetic powder raw material forms an incomplete crystal of a first magnetic powder, and the second magnetic powder raw material forms an incomplete crystal of a second magnetic powder; Adding Bi2O3 material to the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder and mixing them, and then performing a second sintering, so that the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder form the complete crystals of the first magnetic powder, and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder form the complete crystals of the second magnetic powder; The complete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the complete crystals of the second magnetic powder are ground to obtain the magnetic powder including the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

15. The preparation method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material both include BaCO3, SrCO3, Co2O3, and Fe2O3.

16. The preparation method according to claim 14, characterized in that: Before the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material are sintered for the first time, the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material are added into a dispersant and then dried.

17. The preparation method according to claim 14, characterized in that: After adding Bi2O3 material to the incomplete crystals of the first magnetic powder and the incomplete crystals of the second magnetic powder and mixing them, and before performing the second sintering, the method further includes: grinding the mixture of the incomplete crystal and the Bi2O3 material; The incomplete crystals mixed with the Bi2O3 material are dried.

18. The preparation method according to claim 17, characterized in that: The doping ratio of the Bi2O3 material is in the range of 2.9%-3.1%.

19. The preparation method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that: The forming of the magnetic powder comprising the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder comprises: Adding the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material into a solvent to prepare a mixed solution; heating the mixed solution to form a wet sol; drying the wet sol to form a xerogel; The dry gel is sintered to obtain the magnetic powder including the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

20. The preparation method according to claim 19, characterized in that: The step of adding the first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material into a solvent to prepare a mixed solution comprises: The first magnetic powder raw material and the second magnetic powder raw material both include metal nitrate, and the metal nitrate is mixed with a first solvent to prepare a metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution; Dissolving citric acid in a second solvent to prepare a citric acid aqueous solution, wherein the ratio of the citric acid to the metal nitrate is the same; The metal nitrate mixed aqueous solution is mixed with the citric acid aqueous solution to obtain the mixed solution.

21. The preparation method according to claim 19, characterized in that: The step of sintering the dry gel to obtain the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder comprises: burning the xerogel; Grinding and sintering the burned dry gel; The sintered dry gel is ground to obtain the magnetic powder including the first magnetic powder and the second magnetic powder.

22. The preparation method according to claim 21, characterized in that: In the step of grinding and sintering the burned dry gel, the dry gel is heated to a first temperature for sintering, and the sintered dry gel is cooled to a second temperature, the first temperature ranges from 1150°C to 1270°C, and the second temperature is 100°C less than the first temperature.

23. A polymer composite material, characterized in that: It comprises a mixture of a polymer material and a magnetic hybrid material, and the magnetic hybrid material is the magnetic hybrid material as described in any one of claims 1-10.

24. A method for preparing a polymer composite material, characterized in that: The polymer material and the magnetic hybrid material are compounded to form the polymer composite material as claimed in claim 23.

25. An antenna, characterized in that: It comprises an antenna substrate and a communication element arranged on the antenna substrate, and the antenna substrate is made of the polymer composite material as claimed in claim 23.

26. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a device body and the antenna as claimed in claim 25, wherein the antenna is mounted on the device body.

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