Electronic device

Abstract

The present application provides an electronic device, comprising an antenna. The antenna uses a conductive portion of a frame of the electronic device and a conductive body provided on the inner side of the frame as radiators. One end of the internally provided radiator is connected to the conductive portion of the external frame as the radiator. A current path of the internally provided radiator can be extended by means of the frame, so that the antenna has good radiation efficiency and system efficiency in a resonant frequency band, and thus, the electronic device has good communication performance.

Description

An electronic device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 14, 2023, with application number 202311727926.6 and application name “An Electronic Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] As demand for high-speed data transmission increases, the industrial design (ID) trend in electronic devices is toward larger screen-to-body ratios and multiple cameras. This significantly reduces antenna clearance, making layout space increasingly limited. Antennas in low-frequency bands are particularly constrained. For example, compared to high-frequency bands, in low-frequency bands, given the same clearance, the smaller the corresponding electrical length, the greater the impact of the electronic components within the device.

[0004] Currently, the communication frequency bands of electronic devices will continue to coexist for a long time, including the third-generation wireless systems (3G), fourth-generation wireless systems (4G), and fifth-generation wireless systems (5G), requiring an increasing number of antennas.

[0005] Traditional methods for expanding the antenna's efficiency bandwidth, such as increasing the size of the radiator, have reached a bottleneck. For example, increasing the radiator's length or clearance to improve the antenna's efficiency bandwidth is difficult to achieve within current electronic device architectures. Therefore, increasing the antenna's efficiency bandwidth while maintaining the same radiator size has become a top priority. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna utilizes the conductive portion of the electronic device's frame and internal metal components as radiators. The internal radiators extend the current path through the frame, thereby enabling the antenna to achieve good radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the resonant frequency band.

[0007] In a first aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a floor; a frame, the frame being at least partially spaced apart from the floor, the first frame comprising a first position, a second position, and a third position arranged in sequence, the frame being coupled to the floor at the first position, the frame having a first insulating gap at the second position, the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator being opposite to each other and not in contact with each other through the first insulating gap, the frame being coupled to the floor at the third position or having a second insulating gap at the third position; an antenna, the antenna comprising: a first radiator and a second radiator, the first radiator comprising a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, the second radiator comprising a conductive portion of the frame between the second position and the third position; a third radiator, the first end of the third radiator extending toward the first radiator, the second end of the third radiator being connected to a connection point of the second radiator, the first end of the third radiator being open The first radiator and the third radiator are arranged at an interval, and the first radiator and the third radiator at least partially overlap along a first direction, the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first radiator, and the third radiator is arranged on the inner side of the frame; a first feeding circuit, the second radiator or the third radiator includes a feeding point, and the first feeding circuit is coupled to the feeding point; wherein the physical length L1 of the first radiator, the physical length L2 of the third radiator, and the physical length L4 of the second radiator between the connection point and the ground end of the second radiator satisfy: L1×50%≤L2+L4≤L1, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the first resonance and the second resonance are used to jointly support the first communication frequency band of the electronic device; the second radiator is also used to generate a third resonance, and the resonance frequency band of the third resonance includes the second communication frequency band, and the first communication frequency band is different from the second communication frequency band.

[0008] According to the embodiment of the present application, when the first feeding point is fed with an electrical signal, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator can generate the above-mentioned first resonance and second resonance, so that the antenna has a wider operating bandwidth.

[0009] Furthermore, the second radiator is used to increase the radiation aperture of the third radiator while generating the third resonance. Because the second end of the third radiator is connected to the connection point of the second radiator, when the third radiator resonates, the current in the third radiator can be transmitted from the connection point on the second radiator to the ground terminal, extending the current path on the third radiator, thereby increasing the radiation aperture of the third radiator and improving the radiation characteristics (for example, radiation efficiency) of the antenna in the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the frame is coupled to the floor at the third position, the first end of the second radiator is an open end, and the second end of the second radiator is a ground end.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the frame defines the second insulating gap at the third position, the first end of the second radiator is a ground end, and the second end of the second radiator is an open end.

[0012] According to the embodiment of the present application, the positions of the open end and the ground end of the second radiator can be determined according to actual production or design.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length of the second radiator is less than the length of the first radiator, and the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and / or the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is less than or equal to two-thirds of the resonance point frequency of the third resonance.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length of the first radiator is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the length of the second radiator.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length of the second radiator is greater than the length of the first radiator, and the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and / or the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to three-half of the resonance point frequency of the third resonance.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length of the first radiator and / or the third radiator is less than or equal to two-thirds of the length of the second radiator.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, the greater the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the third resonance and the resonance point frequency of the first resonance / the resonance point frequency of the second resonance, the smaller the influence of the current of the third radiator on the second radiator on the third resonance.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a length of the second radiator between the connection point and the ground end of the second radiator is greater than zero and less than or equal to one third of the length of the second radiator.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second communication frequency band includes at least part of a frequency band in a cellular network.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the second radiator resonates, a relatively strong current flows in this region (where the distance from the ground end is less than or equal to one-third of the length L3 of the second radiator). Since the connection point is within this region, when the third radiator resonates, the current transmitted from the third radiator to the second radiator will not significantly affect the third resonance (for example, the frequency offset of the resonance point of the third resonance is less than 50 MHz). This allows the third resonance to have a relatively wide resonant frequency band. In one embodiment, because the third resonance has a relatively wide resonant frequency band, the second communication frequency band can have a relatively wide bandwidth.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a length of the second radiator between the connection point and the ground end of the second radiator is greater than two-thirds of the length of the second radiator.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second communication frequency band includes a 2.4G or 5G frequency band in WiFi, and / or a Bluetooth frequency band.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the connection point is within the above-mentioned area (the distance between the connection point and the ground end is greater than two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator, and the distance between the connection point and the open end is greater than two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator), when the third radiator resonates, the current path is extended and increased, which can further increase the radiation aperture of the third radiator and improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna in the first communication frequency band (for example, radiation efficiency). However, since this area does not have a strong current when the second radiator resonates, the current transmitted from the second radiator to the third radiator will have a greater impact on the third resonance (for example, the offset of the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is greater than 50MHz), which can make the third resonance have a narrower resonance frequency band. In one embodiment, since the third resonance has a narrower resonance frequency band, the second communication frequency band can have a narrower bandwidth and can include a narrower communication frequency band.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a parasitic branch; the first end of the parasitic branch is connected to the second connection point of the first radiator or the second radiator; wherein the parasitic branch is used to generate a fourth resonance; the length of the parasitic branch is less than the length of the first radiator and less than the length of the third radiator.

[0025] According to the embodiment of the present application, the parasitic branches can generate additional resonance, which can be used to expand the communication frequency band of the antenna.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, based on the first end of the parasitic branch being connected to the second connection point of the second radiator; the feeding point and the second connection point coincide with each other, and the first feeding circuit is coupled to the parasitic branch.

[0027] According to the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the antenna is simpler, which is conducive to miniaturization.

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna further includes a second feeding circuit and a filtering circuit; the connection port of the filtering circuit is coupled to the feeding point, the first port of the filtering circuit is coupled to the first feeding circuit, and the second port of the filtering circuit is coupled to the second feeding circuit.

[0029] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiator are in the same direction; at the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the first radiator are in the same direction.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the third radiator are in the same direction; at the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the third radiator are in the same direction.

[0031] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first resonance and the second resonance can be generated corresponding to the slot CM mode / line CM mode, so that the antenna has better radiation characteristics (for example, radiation efficiency) in the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a distance D between the first radiator and the third radiator is less than or equal to 5 mm.

[0033] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a distance D between the first radiator and the third radiator is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0034] According to the embodiment of the present application, when the distance D between the third radiator and the first radiator is within the above range, the third radiator and the first radiator can have good coupling characteristics.

[0035] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a ratio of a length of an overlapping portion of the third radiator and the first radiator along the first direction to a length of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 25% and less than or equal to 75%.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the above ratio is greater than or equal to 20%, the first radiator can be better excited and the antenna has better radiation characteristics.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the third radiator at least partially overlaps with the floor in a second direction, where the second direction is a thickness direction of the electronic device.

[0038] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electronic device further includes a middle plate and a battery, the battery is located on the middle plate, and the middle plate serves as at least a part of the floor; wherein the third radiator is located between the battery compartment and the frame.

[0039] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a distance between the floor and the radiator is less than or equal to 1.5 mm.

[0040] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the third radiator and the second radiator are integrally formed.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present application, the third radiator, the frame and the middle plate can be milled out of the same metal part, thereby reducing errors during assembly and improving the radiation characteristics of the antenna (for example, bandwidth). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the common mode of an antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding distribution of current and electric field.

[0044] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a differential mode of an antenna provided in the present application and the corresponding distribution of current and electric field.

[0045] FIG4 is a diagram showing the structure of the common mode of the antenna provided in this application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0046] FIG5 is a diagram showing the structure of the differential mode of the antenna provided in this application and the corresponding distribution of current, electric field, and magnetic current.

[0047] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] FIG. 7 is an S-parameter simulation result of the antenna 100 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 6 .

[0049] FIG. 8 shows simulation results of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna 100 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 6 .

[0050] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] FIG. 10 is an S-parameter simulation result of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 9 .

[0052] FIG. 11 shows simulation results of the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 9 .

[0053] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] FIG18 shows simulation results of S parameters of the antenna 200 shown in FIG14 .

[0060] FIG19 shows simulation results of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in FIG14 .

[0061] FIG20 is a schematic diagram showing current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG14 at a first resonance point (eg, 0.85 GHz).

[0062] FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram showing current distribution of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 14 at a second resonance point (eg, 0.96 GHz).

[0063] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0064] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0065] FIG. 24 is a simulation result of the S parameters of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 23 when the first feeding unit feeds an electrical signal.

[0066] FIG. 25 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 23 when the first feeding unit feeds an electrical signal.

[0067] FIG. 26 is a simulation result of the S parameters of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 23 when the second feeding unit feeds an electrical signal.

[0068] FIG. 27 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 23 when the second feeding unit feeds an electrical signal.

[0069] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is simply a term used to describe the existence of three possible relationships between related objects. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of both A and B, and the existence of B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0074] When used in this application, "within the range of...", unless it is specifically stated that the end value is not included, it is assumed that both end values ​​of the range are included. For example, in the range of 1 to 5, the two values ​​1 and 5 are included.

[0075] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0076] Component / device: includes at least one of lumped component / device and distributed component / device.

[0077] Lumped component / device: This refers to all components whose size is much smaller than the wavelength relative to the circuit's operating frequency. For a signal, the component's characteristics remain constant at all times, regardless of frequency.

[0078] Distributed components / devices: Unlike lumped components, if the size of the component is similar to or larger than the wavelength relative to the circuit operating frequency, then when the signal passes through the component, the characteristics of each point of the component itself will vary due to changes in the signal. At this time, the component as a whole cannot be regarded as a single entity with fixed characteristics, but should be called a distributed component.

[0079] Capacitance: This can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

[0080] Inductance: This can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductors; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive material.

[0081] Radiator: A device in an antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, the narrow meaning of "antenna" is a radiator, which converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via the feeder line, where it is converted into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy and transmits it to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0082] The radiator may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet shape, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be simply referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a conductive frame, and can also be called a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a bracket conductor, and can also be called a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (for example, including thickness and width) of the linear radiator, or the radiator of the linear antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length can be comparable to the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, the length is about 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of linear antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave oscillator antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted-F shape. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted-F antenna (also known as a PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc. The shape of the sheet radiator includes circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a floor, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator and the floor.

[0083] The radiator may also include a slot or slot formed in a conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slot formed in a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slotted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slot of the slot antenna / slot antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or slot may be referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slot (e.g., a closed slot or slot with an additional opening) may be referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is elongated. In some embodiments, the slot is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot is approximately an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed with a transmission line spanning one or both sides, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field in the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a conductive frame with both ends grounded, also known as a frame antenna. In this embodiment, the slot antenna or slot antenna can be considered to include a linear radiator spaced from the floor and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-enclosed slot or slot. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, also known as a bracket antenna.

[0084] The feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, radio frequency integrated circuit), and the RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency.

[0085] In some embodiments, the electronic device may also include a test socket (also referred to as an RF socket or RF test socket). This test socket can be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the RF front-end circuit or the antenna radiator through the cable. The RF front-end circuit can be considered as the circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0086] In some embodiments, the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.

[0087] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a radio frequency channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a radio frequency chip); they can also share a radio frequency front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a radio frequency front-end.

[0088] It should also be understood that two feeding circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuit in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

[0089] A matching circuit is a circuit used to adjust the radiation characteristics of an antenna. In one embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the feed circuit and the corresponding radiator. In another embodiment, the matching circuit is coupled between the test socket and the radiator. Typically, the matching circuit is a combination of circuits coupled between the radiator and the ground plane. In one embodiment, the matching circuit may include a switch and / or an electronic component; the switch may be an electronic component used to switch the coupling connection of the radiator. The matching circuit performs impedance matching and / or frequency tuning functions. Generally, it is considered to be part of the antenna.

[0090] The grounding structure / feeding structure may include a connector, such as a metal spring, through which the radiator is coupled to the floor / feeding structure is coupled to the feeding circuit. In some embodiments, the feeding structure may include a transmission line / feeding line, and the grounding structure may include a grounding wire.

[0091] End / point: The "end / point" in the first end / second end / feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of an antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as an end point or end portion that is physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a point or a section on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, an "end / point" may include a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, the feeding end / feeding point may be a coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure (for example, an area facing a portion of the feeding structure). For another example, the grounding end / grounding point may be a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure.

[0092] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0093] In some embodiments, the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounded end can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).

[0094] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" can also be viewed from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or floating end can be understood as a point with low current on the radiator, or as a point with high electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the low current point / high electric field point.

[0095] It should be understood that coupling the radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the radiator structure, it is similar to the radiator at the opening of the open end or the suspended end) with electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a point with larger current / smaller electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0096] The “suspended radiator” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application means that the radiator is not directly connected to the feed line / feed branch and / or the ground line / ground branch, but is fed and / or grounded through indirect coupling.

[0097] It should be understood that the "suspended" in "suspended end" and "suspended radiator" does not mean that there is no structure around the radiator to support it. In one embodiment, the suspended radiator can be, for example, a radiator disposed on the inner surface of the insulating back cover.

[0098] The current same direction / reverse direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side is the same direction / reverse direction. For example, when stimulating a unidirectional distributed current on a conductor that is bent or ring-shaped (for example, the current path is also bent or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, the main currents stimulated on the conductors on both sides of the ring conductor (for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) are opposite in direction, which still falls within the definition of the unidirectional distributed current in the embodiments of the present application. In one embodiment, the current same direction on a conductor can refer to the current on the conductor having no reversal point. In one embodiment, the current reverse on a conductor can refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reversal point. In one embodiment, the current same direction on two conductors can refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the current reverse on two conductors can refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in opposite directions. The current same direction / reversal on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0099] The electric field in the embodiments of the present application is in the same direction or opposite direction, which should be understood as the direction of the main electric field generated by the conductor in the space (for example, the electric field between the conductor and the floor) being in the same direction or opposite direction. For example, when a unidirectional distributed electric field is excited on a curved or ring-shaped conductor (for example, the gap formed between the floor and the conductor is also curved or ring-shaped), it should be understood that, for example, the direction of the electric field in the gap is from the floor to the conductor, or from the conductor to the floor. Although the main electric fields excited in the gaps on both sides of the ring-shaped conductor (for example, the gaps on both sides of the gap of the conductor surrounding a gap) are opposite in direction, they still fall within the definition of unidirectional distributed electric fields in the embodiments of the present application. In one embodiment, the electric field in the same direction between a conductor and the floor can mean that there is no reversal point between the electric field between the conductor and the floor. In one embodiment, the electric field in the opposite direction between a conductor and the floor can mean that there is at least one reversal point between the electric field between the conductor and the floor. In one embodiment, the electric field in the same direction between two conductors and the floor can mean that there is no reversal point between the electric field between the two conductors and the floor, and the electric fields between the two conductors and the floor radiate in the same direction (for example, the positive direction of the z-axis). In one embodiment, the electric fields between two conductors and the floor are in opposite directions, which means that the electric fields between the two conductors and the floor have no reverse points and flow in opposite directions. The electric fields between multiple conductors and the floor can be understood to be in the same or opposite directions accordingly.

[0100] Resonance / resonance frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first / second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can generate a corresponding fundamental mode resonance.

[0101] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0102] Communication frequency band / operating frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band operates between 2300MHz and 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the required specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0103] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may overlap one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0104] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0105] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0106] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, this can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, if the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0107] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (wavelength in air, or wavelength in vacuum) = speed of light / frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz) and the speed of light can be taken as 3×108 m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: medium Wherein, ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" can also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0109] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0110] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power minus power loss; power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Radiation efficiency measures the antenna's radiation capability, and both metal loss and dielectric loss contribute to it.

[0111] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0112] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0113] Antenna return loss can be expressed using the S11 parameter, a type of S parameter. S11 represents the reflection coefficient and characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is typically negative. A smaller S11 parameter indicates lower antenna return loss and less energy reflected from the antenna itself, meaning more energy actually enters the antenna and higher system efficiency. A larger S11 parameter indicates greater antenna return loss and lower system efficiency.

[0114] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as a standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0115] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band being the same (also referred to as co-frequency) can be understood as any of the following situations:

[0116] The first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band include the same communication frequency band. In one embodiment, the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band can be applied to a MIMO antenna system. For example, if the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band both include a sub-6GHz frequency band in 5G, then the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band can be considered to be the same frequency.

[0117] The first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band have at least partial frequency overlap. For example, the first communication frequency band includes B35 (1.85-1.91GHz) in LTE, and the second communication frequency band includes B39 (1.88-1.92GHz) in LTE. The frequency of the first communication frequency band and the frequency of the second communication frequency band partially overlap, so it can be considered that the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band are the same frequency.

[0118] It should be understood that, in the embodiments of the present application, the proximity of the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band can be understood as:

[0119] In the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band, the spacing between the starting frequency of the higher frequency band and the ending frequency of the lower frequency band is less than 10% of the center frequency of the higher frequency band (or, the spacing is less than or equal to 200 MHz). For example, the first communication frequency band includes B3 (1.71-1.785 GHz) in LTE, and the second communication frequency band includes L1 (1578.42±1.023 MHz) in GPS. B3 (1.71-1.785 GHz) and L1 (1578.42±1.023 MHz) are adjacent frequency bands, so the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band can be considered to be adjacent. Or for example, the first communication frequency band includes B40 (2.3-2.4GHz) or B41 (2.496-2.69GHz) in LTE, and the second communication frequency band includes the WiFi / BT band (2.4-2.485GHz). B40 (2.3-2.4GHz) or B41 (2.496-2.69GHz) and the WiFi / BT band (2.4-2.485GHz) are adjacent frequency bands, then the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band can be considered to be adjacent.

[0120] Ground (GND): can generally refer to at least a part of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a part of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components, etc. "Ground" can be used for grounding components in an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board of an electronic device, or it can be the grounding plate formed by the middle frame of the electronic device, or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12 to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a routing layer, and the routing layer and the grounding layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, and system-on-chip (SoC) structures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board, or electrically connected to a trace layer and / or ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source can be located on a trace layer.

[0121] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0122] Grounding refers to coupling to the ground / floor in any manner. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as physical grounding at a specific location on the frame using a portion of the midframe's structural components (or referred to as a physical ground). In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as through a series or parallel connection of a capacitor, inductor, or resistor (or referred to as a device ground).

[0123] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0124] As shown in FIG1 , electronic device 10 may include a cover 13, a display / module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, cover 13 may be a glass cover or may be replaced with a cover made of other materials, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material.

[0125] The cover plate 13 may be disposed closely against the display module 15 , and may be mainly used to protect the display module 15 and prevent dust.

[0126] In one embodiment, the display module 15 may include a liquid crystal display panel (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0127] The middle frame 19 mainly supports the entire device. FIG1 shows that the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21. It should be understood that in one embodiment, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of a flame-resistant material (FR-4) dielectric board, a Rogers dielectric board, a mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, and so on. Here, FR-4 is a code for a grade of flame-resistant material, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high-frequency board. Electronic components, such as radio frequency chips, are carried on the PCB 17. In one embodiment, a metal layer can be provided on the printed circuit board PCB 17. The metal layer can be used to ground the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, and can also be used to ground other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. The metal layer can be called a floor, a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In one embodiment, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any layer of the dielectric board in the PCB 17. In one embodiment, the metal layer used for grounding can be provided on the side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 near the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be considered the edge of its ground layer. In one embodiment, the metal middle frame 19 can also be used to ground the aforementioned components. The electronic device 10 may also have other floor / grounding plates / grounding layers, as previously described and will not be further described here.

[0128] Due to the compactness of electronic devices, a floor / grounding plate / grounding layer is typically provided within a 0-2mm internal space from the inner surface of the frame (for example, the printed circuit board, midframe, screen metal layer, battery, etc. can all be considered part of the floor). In one embodiment, a dielectric is filled between the frame and the floor, and the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the inner surface contour of the dielectric filling can be simply considered the length and width of the floor. Alternatively, the length and width of the rectangle enclosed by the contour of all conductive parts within the frame can be considered the length and width of the floor.

[0129] The electronic device 10 may further include a battery (not shown). The battery may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and this is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery may be disposed between the main board and the sub-board. The main board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the upper edge of the battery, and the sub-board may be disposed between the middle frame 19 and the lower edge of the battery.

[0130] The electronic device 10 may further include a frame 11, which may be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The frame 11 may be provided between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The frame 11 may have four sides surrounding the display module 15 to help fix the display module 15. In one implementation, the frame 11 made of a conductive material may be directly used as a conductive frame of the electronic device 10, for example, to form the appearance of a metal frame, suitable for metal industrial design (ID). In one implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 may be a conductive material, such as a metal material, thereby forming the appearance of a metal frame. In these implementations, the conductive portion of the frame 11 may be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 10.

[0131] In another implementation, the outer surface of the frame 11 can also be a non-conductive material, such as plastic, to form the appearance of a non-metallic frame, which is suitable for non-metallic ID. In one implementation, the inner surface of the frame 11 may include a conductive material, such as a metal material. In this implementation, the conductive portion of the frame 11 can be used as an antenna radiator of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that the radiator provided on the inner surface of the frame 11 (or the conductive material on the inner surface) is arranged in contact with the non-conductive material of the frame 11 to facilitate antenna radiation, and both the conductive material and the non-conductive material should be regarded as part of the frame 11.

[0132] It should be understood that there may be an insulating gap on the frame 11, and the conductor part of the frame between the two insulating gaps or the insulating gap and the grounding point serves as a radiator, thereby forming a frame antenna. Among them, when the frame 11 is formed of a conductive material such as metal, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap opened in the frame 11 filled with non-metallic material (insulating material). Moreover, the gap is visible on the exterior surface. When the outer surface of the frame 11 is a non-conductive material, the insulating gap can be understood as a gap opened in the conductor part of the frame 11, and the gap can be filled with non-metallic material (insulating material), or it can be filled with air without being filled with non-metallic material. Moreover, the gap is not visible on the exterior surface.

[0133] The middle frame 19 may include a border 11, and the middle frame 19 including the border 11 is an integral part that can support the electronic devices in the whole machine. The cover 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively covered along the upper and lower edges of the border to form a shell or housing (housing) of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 and / or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the shell or housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that "shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19, or to part or all of any combination of the cover 13, the back cover 21, the border 11 or the middle frame 19.

[0134] The frame 11 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to transmit and receive radio frequency signals. A gap can exist between this portion of the frame serving as the radiator and the rest of the middle frame 19 to ensure a good radiation environment for the antenna radiator. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can have an aperture in this portion of the frame serving as the radiator to facilitate antenna radiation.

[0135] Alternatively, the frame 11 may not be considered as part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the frame 11 may be connected to the middle frame 19 and formed as one piece. In another embodiment, the frame 11 may include a protrusion extending inward to be connected to the middle frame 19, for example, by means of a shrapnel, a screw, welding, etc. The protrusion of the frame 11 can also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a portion of the frame 11 serves as a radiator of the antenna to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. There may be a gap 42 between this portion of the frame that serves as the radiator and the middle frame 30, thereby ensuring that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, so that the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

[0136] The back cover 21 can be made of metal, non-conductive materials such as glass or plastic, or a combination of conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive back cover 21 can replace the middle frame 19 and integrate with the frame 11 to support the electronic components within the device.

[0137] In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 and / or the conductive parts in the back cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame 11, PCB 17, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the middle frame.

[0138] The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be set in the frame 11. When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located in the electronic device 10 and arranged along the frame 11. For example, the antenna radiator is set close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10 to achieve better signal transmission effect. It should be noted that the antenna radiator is set close to the frame 11 means that the antenna radiator can be set close to the frame 11, or it can be set close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a certain small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.

[0139] The antenna of electronic device 10 may also be disposed within the housing, such as a bracket antenna or millimeter-wave antenna (not shown in FIG1 ). The clearance for the antenna disposed within the housing can be provided by a slot / opening in any of the middle frame, and / or the frame, and / or the back cover, and / or the display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of these. The antenna clearance ensures the antenna's radiation characteristics. It should be understood that the antenna clearance can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive component within electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the outside world. In one embodiment, antenna 40 may be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA). In one embodiment, the antenna may also be a transparent structure embedded within the screen of electronic device 10, such that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded within the screen of electronic device 10.

[0140] FIG. 1 only schematically illustrates some components of the electronic device 10 , and the actual shapes, sizes, and structures of these components are not limited by FIG. 1 .

[0141] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the surface where the display screen of the electronic device is located can be considered as the front surface, the surface where the back cover is located can be considered as the back surface, and the surface where the frame is located can be considered as the side surface.

[0142] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when a user is holding an electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the electronic device is located at a position having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side. It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when a user is holding an electronic device (usually vertically and facing the screen), the electronic device is located at a position having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side.

[0143] First, the four antenna modes involved in this application will be introduced from Figures 2 to 5. Among them, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the common mode mode of an antenna provided by this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the differential mode mode of another antenna provided by this application and the corresponding current and electric field distribution. The antenna radiator in Figures 2 and 3 is open at both ends, and its common mode mode and differential mode can be called a line common mode mode and a line differential mode mode, respectively. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the common mode mode of an antenna provided by this application and the corresponding current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the differential mode mode of another antenna provided by this application and the corresponding current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution. The antenna radiator in Figures 4 and 5 is grounded at both ends, and its common mode mode and differential mode can be called a slot common mode mode and a slot differential mode mode, respectively.

[0144] It should be understood that the "common mode" or "CM mode" in this application includes the line common mode mode and the slot common mode mode, and the "differential mode mode" or "DM mode" in this application includes the line differential mode mode and the slot differential mode mode, which can be specifically determined according to the structure of the antenna.

[0145] It should be understood that the "common-differential mode" or "CM-DM mode" in this application refers to the line common mode and line differential mode generated on the same radiator, or refers to the slot common mode and slot differential mode generated on the same radiator, which can be specifically determined according to the structure of the antenna.

[0146] 1. Common mode (CM) mode

[0147] (a) in Figure 2 shows that the radiator of the antenna 40 is open at both ends and is connected to a feeding circuit (not shown) at the middle position 41. In one embodiment, the feeding form of the antenna 40 adopts symmetrical feed. The feeding circuit can be connected to the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 through a feeding line 42. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feeding circuit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feeding circuit and the radiator (feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator. The center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the geometric structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint).

[0148] The middle position 41 of the antenna 40 may be, for example, the geometric center of the antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator. For example, the connection between the feed line 42 and the antenna 40 covers the middle position 41 .

[0149] (b) in FIG2 shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 40. As shown in (b) in FIG2, the current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 41, for example, symmetrically; the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 41. As shown in (b) in FIG2, the current at the feed line 42 is distributed in the same direction. Based on the same direction distribution of the current at the feed line 42, the feeding shown in (a) in FIG2 can be called line CM feeding. Based on the opposite distribution of the current on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 42, the antenna mode shown in (b) in FIG2 can be called a line CM mode (also referred to as a CM mode for short, for example, for a linear antenna, the CM mode refers to a line CM mode). The current and electric field shown in (b) in FIG2 can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the line CM mode.

[0150] The current is stronger at the center 41 of the antenna 40 (the highest current point is near the center 41 of the antenna 40) and weaker at both ends of the antenna 40, as shown in FIG2(b). The electric field is weaker at the center 41 of the antenna 40 and stronger at both ends of the antenna 40.

[0151] 2. Line differential mode (DM) mode

[0152] As shown in Figure 3(a), the left and right ends of the two radiators of antenna 50 are open, and a feed circuit is connected at a center position 51. In one embodiment, antenna 50 uses an anti-symmetrical feed. One end of the feed circuit is connected to one of the radiators via a feed line 52, and the other end of the feed circuit is connected to the other radiator via a feed line 52. Center position 51 can be the geometric center of antenna 50 or the gap formed between the radiators.

[0153] It should be understood that the "center-antisymmetric feeding" mentioned in this application can be understood as the positive and negative poles of the feed unit being connected to two connection points near the aforementioned midpoint of the radiator. In one embodiment, the signals output by the positive and negative poles of the feed unit have the same amplitude but opposite phases, for example, a phase difference of 180°±10°.

[0154] (b) in FIG3 shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 50. As shown in (b) in FIG3, the current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, for example, in an antisymmetric distribution; the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position 51. As shown in (b) in FIG3, the current at the feed line 52 is distributed in opposite directions. Based on the opposite distribution of the current at the feed line 52, the feeding shown in (a) in FIG3 can be called line DM feeding. Based on the current being distributed in the same direction on both sides of the connection between the radiator and the feed line 52, the antenna mode shown in (b) in FIG3 can be called a line DM mode (it can also be simply referred to as a DM mode. For example, for a linear antenna, the DM mode refers to a line DM mode). The current and electric field shown in (b) in FIG3 can be respectively referred to as the current and electric field of the line DM mode.

[0155] The current is strong at the center 51 of the antenna 50 (the current is strong near the center 51 of the antenna 50) and weak at both ends of the antenna 50, as shown in FIG3(b). The electric field is weak at the center 51 of the antenna 50 and strong at both ends of the antenna 50.

[0156] It should be understood that the antenna radiator can be understood as a metal structural member that generates radiation, and the number of the radiator can be one, as shown in FIG2 , or two, as shown in FIG3 , which can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the line CM mode, two radiators can be used as shown in FIG3 , with the two ends of the two radiators arranged opposite to each other and separated by a gap. A symmetrical feeding method is adopted at the two ends close to each other, for example, the same feed source signal is fed into the two ends of the two radiators close to each other, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG2 can also be obtained. Correspondingly, for the line DM mode, one radiator can be used as shown in FIG2 , with two feeding points set in the middle of the radiator and an antisymmetric feeding method is adopted. For example, if two symmetrical feeding points on the radiator are fed with signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases, an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG3 can also be obtained.

[0157] 3. Line CM-DM mode

[0158] FIG2 and FIG3 above respectively show the line CM mode and line DM mode generated by adopting different feeding methods when both ends of the radiator are open.

[0159] When the antenna uses asymmetric feeding (the feeding point is offset from the center of the radiator, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the radiator's grounding point (where it couples with the floor) is asymmetric (the grounding point is offset from the center of the radiator), the antenna can simultaneously produce a first resonance and a second resonance, corresponding to the linear CM mode and the linear DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the linear CM mode, with the current and electric field distributions shown in Figure 2(b). The second resonance corresponds to the linear DM mode, with the current and electric field distributions shown in Figure 3(b).

[0160] 4. Slot CM mode

[0161] The radiator of the antenna 60 shown in FIG4(a) has a hollowed-out slot or gap 61, or the radiator of the antenna 60 and the ground (e.g., a floor, which can be a PCB) can enclose the slot or slot 61. The slot 61 can be formed by cutting a groove in the floor. An opening 62 is provided on one side of the slot 61, and the opening 62 can be specifically located in the middle of the side. The middle of the side of the slot 61 can be, for example, the geometric midpoint of the antenna 60, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, the area of ​​the opening 62 on the radiator covers the middle of the side. The opening 62 can be connected to the feed circuit, and antisymmetric feeding can be used. It should be understood that antisymmetric feeding can be understood as the positive and negative poles of the feed circuit being connected to the two ends of the radiator respectively. The signals output by the positive and negative poles of the feed circuit have the same amplitude and opposite phase, for example, a phase difference of 180°±10°.

[0162] Figure 4(b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of antenna 60. As shown in Figure 4(b), the current on the conductor surrounding slot 61 (e.g., the floor and / or radiator 60) is distributed in the same direction around slot 61. The electric field is distributed in opposite directions on either side of the center of slot 61, and the magnetic current is distributed in opposite directions on either side of the center of slot 61. As shown in Figure 4(b), the electric field at opening 62 (e.g., the feed point) is in the same direction, and the magnetic current at opening 62 (e.g., the feed point) is in the same direction. Based on the same direction of the magnetic current at opening 62 (the feed point), the feeding shown in Figure 4(a) can be referred to as slot CM feeding. Based on the same direction of current on the radiator on either side of opening 62 (e.g., antisymmetric distribution), or based on the same direction of current on the conductor surrounding slot 61 around slot 61, the antenna pattern shown in Figure 4(b) can be referred to as a slot CM mode (or simply CM mode, for example, for a slot antenna, the CM mode refers to the slot CM mode). The distribution of electric field, current, and magnetic current shown in FIG4( b ) can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic current of the slot CM mode.

[0163] The magnetic field is weak in the middle of the antenna 60 and strong at both ends of the antenna 60. The electric field is strong in the middle of the antenna 60 (the highest point of the electric field is near the middle of the antenna 60) and weak at both ends of the antenna 60, as shown in FIG4(b).

[0164] 5. Slot DM mode

[0165] As shown in (a) of FIG5 , the radiator of the antenna 70 has a hollow slot or gap 72, or the radiator of the antenna 70 and the ground (e.g., a floor, which can be a PCB) enclose the slot or slot 72. The slot 72 can be formed by cutting a slot in the floor. The middle position 71 of the slot 72 is connected to the feed circuit, and symmetrical feeding is adopted. It should be understood that symmetrical feeding can be understood as one end of the feed circuit being connected to the radiator and the other end being grounded, wherein the connection point between the feed circuit and the radiator (feeding point) is located at the center of the radiator. The center of the radiator can be, for example, the midpoint of the geometric structure, or the midpoint of the electrical length (or an area within a certain range near the above midpoint). The middle position of one side of the slot 72 is connected to the positive pole of the feed circuit, and the middle position of the other side of the slot 72 is connected to the negative pole of the feed circuit. The middle position of the side of the slot 72 can be, for example, the middle position of the slot antenna 60 / the middle position of the ground, such as the geometric midpoint of the slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, such as the connection between the feeding circuit and the radiator covering the middle position 51 of the side.

[0166] Figure 5(b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic flux distribution of antenna 70. As shown in Figure 5(b), on the conductor surrounding slot 72 (such as the floor and / or radiator 60), the current is distributed around slot 72 and in opposite directions on either side of the center of slot 72. The electric field is distributed in the same direction on either side of center 71, and the magnetic flux is distributed in the same direction on either side of center 71. The magnetic flux at the feed circuit is distributed in opposite directions (not shown). Due to the opposite distribution of magnetic flux at the feed circuit, the feeding shown in Figure 5(a) can be referred to as slot DM feeding. Due to the opposite current distribution (e.g., symmetrical distribution) on either side of the connection between the feed circuit and the radiator, or due to the opposite current distribution (e.g., symmetrical distribution) around slot 71, the antenna pattern shown in Figure 5(b) can be referred to as a slot DM mode (or simply DM mode, for example, for a slot antenna, the DM mode refers to the slot DM mode). The electric field, current, and magnetic flux distribution shown in Figure 5(b) can be referred to as the electric field, current, and magnetic flux of the slot DM mode.

[0167] The current is weak in the middle of the antenna 70 and strong at both ends of the antenna 70. The electric field is strong in the middle of the antenna 70 (the highest point of the electric field is near the middle of the antenna 60) and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 70, as shown in Figure 5(b).

[0168] It should be understood that the radiator of the antenna can be understood as a metal structure that generates radiation (for example, including a part of the floor), which can include an opening, as shown in FIG4 , or can be a complete ring, as shown in FIG5 , and can be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the slot CM mode, a complete ring radiator can be used as shown in FIG5 , and two feeding points are set in the middle position of the radiator on one side of the slot 61 and an anti-symmetric feeding method is adopted. For example, signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases are fed into the two ends of the original opening position, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG4 can also be obtained. Correspondingly, for the slot DM mode, a radiator including an opening can be used as shown in FIG4 , and a symmetrical feeding method is adopted at both ends of the opening position. For example, the same feed source signal is fed into the two ends of the radiator on both sides of the opening, and an effect similar to the antenna structure shown in FIG5 can also be obtained.

[0169] 6. Slot CM-DM mode.

[0170] FIG4 and FIG5 above respectively show that the slot structure generates a slot CM mode and a slot DM mode respectively by using different feeding methods.

[0171] When the antenna uses asymmetric feeding (the feeding point deviates from the center, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the slot opening on one side is asymmetric (the opening deviates from the center of that side), the antenna can simultaneously produce a first resonance and a second resonance, corresponding to the slot CM mode and slot DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the slot CM mode, with the current, electric field, and magnetic flux distributions shown in Figure 4(b). The second resonance corresponds to the slot DM mode, with the current, electric field, and magnetic flux distributions shown in Figure 5(b).

[0172] Since the above antenna structures can both generate two operating modes (with symmetrical or antisymmetrical electric field distribution) in which the electric fields are orthogonal (the product of the electric fields in the far field is zero (integrated orthogonal)), the isolation between the two operating modes of this antenna structure is good, and it can be applied to multi-input multi-output (MIMO) antenna systems in electronic devices.

[0173] At the same time, when the two antenna structures operate in two working modes (electric fields are symmetrically distributed or antisymmetrically distributed) in which the electric fields are orthogonal (the product of the electric fields in the far field is zero (integrated orthogonal)), there is also good isolation between the two antenna structures, and they can be used as sub-units in the MIMO antenna system in electronic devices.

[0174] It should be understood that the two antenna structures can be understood as antenna structures fed with signals by a first feed circuit and a second feed circuit, respectively. The first feed circuit and the second feed circuit are different. In an electronic device, the first feed circuit and the second feed circuit can be different radio frequency channels in a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC).

[0175] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0176] As shown in FIG. 6 , the electronic device 10 may include an antenna 100 .

[0177] The conductive frame 11 of the electronic device 10 may include a first portion 101 and a second portion 102. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor at the first portion 101 and the second portion 102, with an insulating gap defined between the first portion 101 and the second portion 102. The radiator 105 of the antenna 100 is the conductive portion between the first portion 101 and the second portion 102.

[0178] Antenna 100 may also include a feed circuit and an electronic component. Radiator 105 may include a first connection point and a second connection point. The first connection point is located between first position 101 and the insulation gap, and the second connection point is located between second position 102 and the insulation gap. The feed circuit is coupled to the first connection point. The first end of the electronic component is coupled to the second connection point, and the second end is coupled to the ground.

[0179] When an electrical signal is fed into the feed circuit, antenna 100 can operate in the aforementioned slot CM-DM mode. Electronic components can be used to bring the resonances generated by the slot CM mode and the slot DM mode closer together, forming a common resonant frequency band, thereby expanding the operating bandwidth of antenna 100. In one embodiment, the electronic components can shift the frequency of the resonance generated by the slot DM toward a lower frequency.

[0180] Figures 7 and 8 show simulation results for antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 6. Figure 7 shows S-parameter simulation results for antenna 100 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 6. Figure 8 shows system efficiency and radiation efficiency simulation results for antenna 100 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 6.

[0181] As shown in FIG. 7 , the antenna 100 may resonate at around 1.7 GHz and around 2 GHz, wherein the resonance at around 1.7 GHz may correspond to the slot CM mode, and the resonance at around 2 GHz may correspond to the slot DM mode.

[0182] As shown in Figure 8, when antenna 100 operates in slot CM mode, multiple current modes are generated on the floor, while the slot DM mode is primarily radiated by the radiator. Therefore, the radiation efficiency of the slot CM mode is higher than that of the slot DM mode. When the resonances generated by the slot CM and slot DM modes are used to expand the operating bandwidth of antenna 100, the lower radiation efficiency of the slot DM mode causes a pit near the resonance generated by the slot DM mode, resulting in a narrow system efficiency bandwidth (taking system efficiency > -2dB as an example) of only 400MHz.

[0183] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device including an antenna. The antenna utilizes the conductive portion of the electronic device's frame and internal metal components as radiators. The internal radiators extend the current path through the frame, thereby ensuring good radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the antenna's resonant frequency band.

[0184] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0185] As shown in FIG. 9 , the electronic device 10 includes a frame 11 , an antenna 200 , and a floor 300 .

[0186] At least a portion of the frame 11 is spaced apart from the floor 300. The frame 11 includes a first portion 201 and a second portion 202. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the first portion 201 and the second portion 202. The frame 11 defines a first insulating gap between the first portion 201 and the second portion 202.

[0187] At the same time, for the sake of simplicity in the discussion, the coupling connection in the embodiments of the present application is explained using direct coupling (electrical connection) as an example. In actual production or design, it can also be achieved through indirect coupling.

[0188] In one embodiment, the frame 11 defines a first insulating gap between the first position 201 and the second position 202 .

[0189] Antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210 and a second radiator 220. The first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 are spaced apart and at least partially overlap along a first direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first radiator 210 (e.g., the y-direction). The first radiator 210 is a conductive portion of the frame 11 between a first position 201 and a second position 202. The first and second ends of the first radiator 210 are grounded, corresponding to the first and second positions 201 and 202 of the frame 11, respectively. The first and second ends of the second radiator 220 are open.

[0190] It should be understood that the extension direction of the first radiator 210 can be understood as the extension direction of the frame where the first position 201 or the second position 202 is located. For example, if the first position 201 and the second position 202 are both located on the first side of the frame, the extension direction of the first radiator 210 is the extension direction of the first side (e.g., the x-direction). Alternatively, if the first position 201 and the second position 202 are respectively located on the first side and the second side of the frame that intersect at an angle, the extension direction of the first radiator 210 includes the extension direction of the first side (e.g., the x-direction) and the extension direction of the second side (e.g., the y-direction). The first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 at least partially overlap along a direction perpendicular to either of the extension directions of the first radiator 210.

[0191] At the same time, the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 are spaced apart, which can be understood as the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 are not directly connected and form a gap. In the embodiment of the present application, the spacing setting can be understood accordingly. The first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 are coupled through the gap.

[0192] Antenna 200 also includes a feed circuit 231. Second radiator 220 includes a feed point 211, and feed circuit 231 is coupled to feed point 211. Second radiator 220 and first radiator 210 are configured to generate a first resonance and a second resonance. In one embodiment, the first resonance and the second resonance are configured to jointly support an operating frequency band of electronic device 10.

[0193] It should be understood that in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first radiator 210 can form a radiator structure that conforms to a slot antenna. When the feeding circuit 231 feeds an electrical signal, the antenna 200 can generate the above-mentioned first resonance and second resonance. In the electronic device 10, compared with the first radiator 210 (the conductive part in the frame 11 serves as the first radiator 210), the radiation environment of the second radiator 220 is poor (for example, the clearance is poor and it is close to adjacent metal parts). However, the second radiator 220 can generate a new current path for the first radiator 210, thereby generating a new resonance (for example, a second resonance) to expand the working bandwidth of the antenna 200.

[0194] At the same time, because the first and second ends of the first radiator 210 are grounded, the areas near the first and second ends of the first radiator 210 have a relatively strong current and a relatively weak electric field. The first and second ends of the second radiator 220 are open ends, and the areas near the first and second ends of the second radiator 220 have a relatively weak current and a relatively strong electric field. The proximity of the areas with relatively weak electric fields (strong magnetic fields) of the first radiator 210 to the areas with relatively strong electric fields (strong magnetic fields) of the second radiator 220 can balance the first resonance and the second resonance, preventing a radiation efficiency pit in the first operating frequency band supported by both the first and second resonances. This improves the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200 and enables the electronic device 10 to have better communication performance.

[0195] In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiators 210 on both sides of the first insulation gap flow in the same direction, and currents on the first radiators 210 on both sides of the first insulation gap flow in the same direction (or, in other words, there is no current reversal point on the radiator). At the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the first radiators 210 on both sides of the first insulation gap flow in the same direction, and currents on the first radiators 210 on both sides of the first insulation gap flow in the same direction (or, in other words, there is no current reversal point on the radiator).

[0196] It should be understood that the above-mentioned current same direction can be understood as the current flowing from one end to the other end. For example, the current on the first radiator 210 flows from the first position 201 (first end) to the second position 202 (second end), or from the second position 202 (second end) to the first position 201 (first end). Alternatively, the above-mentioned current same direction can be understood as the current is distributed in the same direction along the path of the current flow, and there is no current reversal point. For the sake of simplicity, the current same direction mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be understood accordingly.

[0197] It should be understood that both the first resonance and the second resonance can be regarded as being generated by the slot CM mode. Since the slot CM mode has high radiation efficiency and system efficiency, the antenna has good radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the operating frequency band formed by the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0198] In one embodiment, at the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the second radiator 220 has the same direction.

[0199] It should be understood that the current on the second radiator 220 may be generated by a line DM mode. The first radiator 210 generates a unidirectional current through coupling with the unidirectional current on the second radiator 220, thereby generating a second resonance.

[0200] Figures 10 and 11 are simulation results of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 9. Figure 10 is an S-parameter simulation result of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 9. Figure 11 is a simulation result of system efficiency and radiation efficiency of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 9.

[0201] As shown in Figure 10, antenna 200 can resonate at frequencies around 1.87 GHz, 2.23 GHz, and 3.19 GHz, but the resonance at 3.19 GHz is less strongly excited. The resonance at 1.87 GHz corresponds to the first resonance in the aforementioned embodiment, while the resonance at 2.23 GHz corresponds to the second resonance in the aforementioned embodiment. The resonance at 3.19 GHz corresponds to the resonance generated by the slot DM mode.

[0202] It should be understood that for the sake of simplicity, the example in which the resonance point frequency of the first resonance is lower than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is used for illustration. In actual production, the resonance point frequency of the first resonance may also be higher than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance.

[0203] As shown in Figure 11, both the first and second resonances can be generated by the slot CM mode. Because the slot CM mode has high radiation efficiency and system efficiency, the antenna does not produce a notch within the operating frequency band formed by the first and second resonances, thus achieving good radiation efficiency and system efficiency. For example, with a system efficiency > -2dB, the system efficiency bandwidth of antenna 200 is approximately 530MHz.

[0204] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0205] As shown in FIG12 , the frame 11 has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap respectively formed at a first position 201 and a second position 202 . A grounding point is provided between the first position 201 and the second position 202 . The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the grounding point.

[0206] Radiator 210 is a conductive portion of frame 11 between first position 201 and second position 202. The first and second ends of first radiator 210 are open ends, corresponding to first position 201 and second position 202 of frame 11, respectively. The first and second ends of second radiator 220 are grounded.

[0207] It should be understood that the boundary conditions of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG12 are different from those of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in FIG9 . In the antenna 200 shown in FIG9 , the frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the first position 201 and the second position 202 . The first and second ends of the first radiator 210 are grounded, while the first and second ends of the second radiator 220 are open. In contrast, in the antenna 200 shown in FIG12 , the frame 11 has a first insulating gap and a second insulating gap defined in the first position 201 and the second position 202 , respectively. The first and second ends of the first radiator 210 are open, while the first and second ends of the second radiator 220 are grounded.

[0208] In antenna 200 shown in FIG9 , first radiator 210 can form a radiator structure consistent with a slot antenna. The first and second resonances generated by second radiator 220 and first radiator 210 can both be considered to be generated by the slot CM mode. Because the slot CM mode has high radiation efficiency and system efficiency, the antenna exhibits good radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the operating frequency band formed by the first and second resonances.

[0209] Similarly, in antenna 200 shown in FIG12 , first radiator 210 can form a radiator structure consistent with a linear antenna. The first and second resonances generated by second radiator 220 and first radiator 210 can both be considered to be generated by a linear CM mode. Because the linear CM mode has high radiation efficiency and system efficiency, the antenna exhibits good radiation efficiency and system efficiency within the operating frequency band formed by the first and second resonances.

[0210] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0211] As shown in Figure 13, the frame 11 has a first insulating gap at a first location 201 and is coupled to the floor 300 at a second location 202. The first end of the first radiator 210 is open, and the second end is grounded. The first and second ends of the first radiator 210 correspond to the first and second locations 201, 202 of the frame 11, respectively. The first end of the second radiator 220 is grounded, and the second end is open.

[0212] The first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 at least partially overlap along the first direction. In one embodiment, the ratio of the length of the overlapping portion of the projection of the second radiator 220 on the frame 11 and the first radiator 210 to the length of the second radiator 220 is greater than or equal to 25%. In one embodiment, the projection of the second radiator 220 on the frame 11 completely overlaps with the first radiator 210.

[0213] It should be understood that in the above embodiments, the following situations are listed: (1) the first end and the second end of the first radiator 210 are grounded ends, and the first end and the second end of the second radiator 220 are open ends; (2) the first end and the second end of the first radiator 210 are open ends, and the first end and the second end of the second radiator 220 are grounded ends.

[0214] The difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG13 and the antenna 200 shown in the above embodiment is that the first end of the first radiator 210 is an open end and the second end is a ground end. The first end of the second radiator 220 is a ground end and the second end is an open end. When an electrical signal is fed into the feeding point, the first radiator 210 can also be stimulated to generate a first resonance and a second resonance. In addition, since the first end of the first radiator 210 is an open end and the second end is a ground end, and the first end and the second end of the second radiator 220 are ground ends, the size of the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 can be further reduced (for example, it can be regarded as a reduction from a half-wavelength structure to a quarter-wavelength structure), achieving miniaturization.

[0215] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiator 210 is one quarter of the first wavelength, and the electrical length of the second radiator 220 is one quarter of the first wavelength, where the first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency between the resonance point of the first resonance and the resonance point of the second resonance.

[0216] In one embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiator 210 is the same as the electrical length of the second radiator 220. Accordingly, the physical lengths of the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220 are substantially the same. Because the electronic components coupled to the second radiator 220 and the first radiator 210 can increase or decrease their physical lengths while maintaining the same electrical length, the physical length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the physical length L2 of the second radiator 220 satisfy the following relationship: L1 × 50% ≤ L2 ≤ L1. In one embodiment, the physical length L1 of the first radiator 210 and the physical length L2 of the second radiator 220 satisfy the following relationship: L1 ≤ L2 ≤ L1 × 150%.

[0217] In one embodiment, the distance between the feed point and the end (ground end) of the first end of the second radiator 220 is greater than half the length of the second radiator 220. The second radiator 220 may have a structure similar to a left-handed antenna, which may, for example, be an antenna conforming to a composite right and left hand (CRLH) transmission line structure.

[0218] For the sake of simplicity, parts of the antenna 200 shown in FIG13 that are similar to those of the antenna 200 shown in the above embodiment will not be described in detail, for example, the position of the first radiator 210 and its positional relationship with the second radiator 220; the first radiator 210 is used to generate the first resonance and the second resonance; the first resonance and the second resonance can be used to jointly support an operating frequency band; the width of the first insulating gap; the shape of the second radiator 220, for example, a strip shape; the position where the second radiator 220 is set, etc.

[0219] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0220] As shown in FIG. 14 , the electronic device 10 includes a frame 11 , an antenna 200 , and a floor 300 .

[0221] At least a portion of the frame 11 is spaced apart from the floor 300. The frame 11 includes a first position 201, a second position 202, and a third position 203. The frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the first position 201. The frame 11 has a first insulating gap at the second position 202.

[0222] In one embodiment, the width of the first insulating gap is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. It should be understood that the width of the gaps provided on the frame in the embodiment of the present application can be within the above range, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be detailed one by one.

[0223] In one embodiment, the first position 201 is coupled to the floor 300 to achieve grounding of the radiator. The frame 11 at the first position 201 and the second position 202 can be electrically connected to the floor 300 via a spring, or can be electrically connected to the floor 300 via an inductor, or can be electrically connected to the floor 300 via a connecting rib. Electrical connection to the floor 300 via a connecting rib can be understood as at least a portion of the frame 11 being an integral structure with the floor 300. For simplicity of discussion, all couplings with the floor in the embodiments of this application can be understood accordingly. In one embodiment, the first end of the first radiator 210 (the end at the second position 202) and the first end of the second radiator 220 (the end at the second position 202) are opposite and do not contact each other.

[0224] Antenna 200 includes a first radiator 210, a second radiator 220, and a third radiator 230. Third radiator 230 can be located inside the frame 11. The inside can be understood as the side of the frame 11 facing the interior of the electronic device 10. In the thickness direction of the electronic device 10, third radiator 230 can at least partially overlap with the frame 11 and first radiator 210, or not overlap at all.

[0225] The first radiator 210 is the conductive portion of the frame 11 between the first position 201 and the second position 202. The second radiator 220 is the conductive portion of the frame 11 between the second position 202 and the third position 203. The first end of the third radiator 230 extends toward the first radiator 210, and the second end of the third radiator 230 is connected to the connection point 241 of the second radiator 220. The first end of the third radiator 230 is open. The first radiator 210 and the third radiator 230 are spaced apart and at least partially overlap along a first direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first radiator 210 (e.g., the y-direction).

[0226] The physical length L1 of the first radiator 210, the physical length L2 of the third radiator 230, and the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 satisfy the following: L1×50%≤L2+L4≤L1. In one embodiment, the physical length L1 of the first radiator 210, the physical length L2 of the third radiator 230, and the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 satisfy the following: L1≤L2+L4≤L1×150%.

[0227] It should be understood that the radiator described in the embodiments of the present application may be in a straight line, a broken line, a curved line, or the like. The physical length of the radiator can be understood as the length between the first end and the second end of the radiator along the direction in which the radiator extends. If the radiator extends in multiple directions, the physical length of the radiator is the sum of the physical lengths in the multiple directions.

[0228] The antenna 200 further includes a first feeding circuit 231 . The third radiator 230 includes a first feeding point 211 . The first feeding circuit 231 is coupled to the first feeding point 211 .

[0229] The first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the third radiator 230 can be used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance. In the embodiments of the present application, the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the third radiator 230 all act as radiators and participate in the antenna's radiation pattern. In one embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiator 210 is one-quarter of the first wavelength. The sum of the electrical length of the third radiator 230 and the electrical length of the second radiator 220 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 is one-quarter of the first wavelength. The first wavelength ranges from the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the first resonance to the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point frequency of the second resonance.

[0230] It should be understood that the third radiator 230 and the first radiator 210 can form a structure similar to the antenna 200 shown in Figure 13, and the first resonance and the second resonance can be generated corresponding to the slot CM mode / line CM mode, so that the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics (for example, radiation efficiency) in the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0231] Meanwhile, in electronic device 10, compared to first radiator 210 (the conductive portion of frame 11 serves as first radiator 210), third radiator 230 has a poorer radiation environment (e.g., poor clearance and proximity to adjacent metal components). However, the inner conductor (second radiator 220) can create a new current path for the outer conductor (first radiator 210), which has a better radiation environment, thereby generating a new resonance (e.g., a second resonance).

[0232] The second radiator 220 may also be used to generate a third resonance.

[0233] The first resonance and the second resonance are used to jointly support the first communication frequency band of the electronic device 10, and the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance include the first communication frequency band. The third resonance is used to support the second communication frequency band of the electronic device 10, and the resonant frequency band of the third resonance includes the second communication frequency band. The first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band are different. Because the sum L2+L4 of the physical length L1 of the first radiator 210, the physical length L2 of the third radiator 230, and the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 satisfies the following condition: L1≤L2+L4≤L1×150%, the electrical length corresponding to the radiator portion L1 and the electrical length corresponding to the radiator portion L2+L4 are approximately the same, which can make the first resonance and the second resonance more balanced. The radiator efficiency of the antenna 200 in the first communication frequency band does not have a drop, and the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics.

[0234] The first feeding circuit 231 is used to feed a radio frequency signal in the first communication frequency band.

[0235] It should be understood that the operating frequency band of the electronic device 10 can be understood as a frequency range including a frequency band in which the electronic device 10 can communicate, such as a low frequency band (LB) (698MHz-960MHz), a middle frequency band (MB) (1710MHz-2170MHz), or a high frequency band (HB) (2300MHz-2690MHz) in a cellular network. Taking the operating frequency band of the electronic device 10 as LB (698MHz-960MHz) as an example, the operating frequency band can include multiple communication frequency bands within the frequency range, such as B5, B8, etc., which can be understood accordingly in the embodiments of the present application.

[0236] Moreover, the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band being different can be understood as the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band being different frequencies (excluding the same communication frequency band). In one embodiment, the first communication frequency band may be a communication frequency band below 1 GHz, and the second communication frequency band may be a communication frequency band above 1.5 GHz. In one embodiment, the first communication frequency band may include a low frequency band (698 MHz-960 MHz) and / or an L1 frequency band, an L2 frequency band, or an L5 frequency band in GPS, and the second communication frequency band may include a medium frequency band (1710 MHz-2170 MHz) and / or a high frequency band (2300 MHz-2690 MHz), and / or other frequency bands, for example, a 2.4G or 5G frequency band in WiFi, a Bluetooth frequency band, N77, N78, N79, etc. in a 5G communication frequency band.

[0237] It should be understood that according to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the first feeding point 211 is fed with an electrical signal, the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 can generate the above-mentioned first resonance and second resonance, so that the antenna 200 has a wider working bandwidth.

[0238] Furthermore, while generating the third resonance, the second radiator 220 can also be used to increase the radiation aperture of the third radiator 230. Because the second end of the third radiator 230 is connected to the connection point 241 of the second radiator 220, when the third radiator 230 resonates, the current on the third radiator 230 can be transmitted from the connection point 241 on the second radiator 220 to the ground end, extending the current path on the third radiator 230, thereby increasing the radiation aperture of the third radiator 230 and improving the radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency) of the antenna 200 in the resonant frequency bands of the first resonance and the second resonance.

[0239] In one embodiment, the first resonance and the second resonance can be close to each other so that the first resonance and the second resonance are used to jointly support the first communication frequency band of the electronic device 10. In one embodiment, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is in the range of 5% to 20% of the low frequency resonance frequency or the high frequency resonance frequency (greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 20%). In one embodiment, in the low frequency band (e.g., 698MHz-960MHz), the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 50MHz and less than or equal to 160MHz. In the medium frequency band (e.g., 1710MHz-2170MHz), the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 120MHz and less than or equal to 300MHz. In the high frequency band (e.g., 2300MHz-2690MHz), the frequency difference between the resonance point frequency of the first resonance and the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to 160MHz and less than or equal to 500MHz.

[0240] In one embodiment, the ratio of the length of the overlapping portion of the third radiator 230 and the first radiator 210 along the first direction (the overlapping portion of the projection of the third radiator 230 on the frame 11 and the first radiator 210) to the length of the first radiator 210 is greater than or equal to 20%. In one embodiment, the ratio of the length of the overlapping portion to the length of the first radiator 210 is greater than or equal to 25%. In one embodiment, the ratio of the length of the overlapping portion to the length of the first radiator 210 is less than or equal to 75%.

[0241] It should be understood that when the above ratio is greater than or equal to 20%, the first radiator 210 can be better excited, and the antenna 200 has better radiation characteristics. When the first position 201 and the second position 202 are respectively located at the first side and the second side of the frame that intersect at an angle, the extension direction of the first radiator 210 includes the extension direction of the first side (e.g., the x-direction) and the extension direction of the second side (e.g., the y-direction). The length of the overlapping portion can be understood as the sum of the length of the overlapping portion in the extension direction of the first side (e.g., the x-direction) and the length of the overlapping portion in the extension direction of the second side (e.g., the y-direction).

[0242] In one embodiment, the distance D between the third radiator 230 and the first radiator 210 is less than or equal to 5 mm, so that the third radiator 230 has good coupling characteristics with the first radiator 210. In one embodiment, the distance D between the third radiator 230 and the first radiator 210 is less than or equal to 2 mm. In one embodiment, the distance D between the third radiator 230 and the first radiator 210 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0243] It should be understood that the distance D between the third radiator 230 and the first radiator 210 can be understood as the spacing distance between the third radiator 230 and the first radiator 210 in the main spacing area; wherein, the main spacing area can be understood as the area where 80% or 90% of the first radiator 210 is separated from the third radiator 230, and the spacing distance of the main spacing area can be understood as the shortest distance in the main spacing area.

[0244] In one embodiment, the third radiator 230 is strip-shaped. "Strip-shaped" can be understood as meaning that the length is significantly greater than the width, for example, the length is greater than three or six times the width. In one embodiment, the smallest of the three dimensions of the third radiator 230 is the thickness. For example, in one embodiment, when the third radiator 230 is disposed on the surface of a bracket, the dimension perpendicular to the bracket surface is the thickness. The three dimensions of the third radiator 230, excluding the thickness, can be understood as the length and width.

[0245] In one embodiment, the width of the third radiator 230 may be less than or equal to 3 mm. In one embodiment, the width of the third radiator 230 may be less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0246] In one embodiment, the first end of the third radiator 230 is open. An electronic component can be coupled between the first end of the third radiator 230 and the floor 300. This reduces the physical size of the third radiator 230 while maintaining its electrical length, achieving miniaturization. For simplicity, all open ends described in the embodiments of this application can employ this approach to achieve radiator miniaturization.

[0247] When the electronic component is located at the first end of the third radiator 230, the first end of the third radiator 230 and the floor 300 cannot be equivalent to a short circuit. Therefore, the electronic component can be equivalent to a capacitor, and its equivalent capacitance value is less than the first threshold. When the frequency of the electrical signal fed by the first feed circuit 231 is less than or equal to 1 GHz, the first threshold is 10 pF. When the frequency of the electrical signal fed by the first feed circuit 231 is greater than 1 GHz and less than or equal to 2 GHz, the first threshold is 5 pF. When the frequency of the electrical signal fed by the first feed circuit 231 is greater than 2 GHz and less than or equal to 3 GHz, the first threshold is 3 pF. When the frequency of the electrical signal fed by the first feed circuit 231 is greater than 3 GHz, the first threshold is 2 pF.

[0248] In one embodiment, antenna 200 further includes a second feed circuit 232. Second radiator 220 includes a second feed point 212, and second feed circuit 232 is coupled to second feed point 212. Second feed circuit 232 can be used to excite second radiator 220 to generate a third resonance. In one embodiment, first feed circuit 231 is used to feed RF signals in a first communication frequency band. Second feed circuit 232 is used to feed RF signals in a second communication frequency band.

[0249] It should be understood that since the second end of the third radiator 230 is connected to the connection point 241 of the second radiator 220 , various feeding structures can excite the antenna 200 to generate the first resonance, the second resonance, and the third resonance.

[0250] In one embodiment, the first feeding point 211 can be set at any position on the third radiator 230, and the second feeding point 212 can be set at any position on the second radiator 220. For example, if the first feeding point 211 is set near the open end (the distance between the feeding point and the end of the open end is less than half the length of the radiator), the radiator can form a structure similar to a left-handed antenna, as shown in FIG15(a).

[0251] In one embodiment, the first feeding point 211 and the second feeding point 212 can both be disposed on the second radiator 220 or the third radiator 230. The first feeding point 211 and the second feeding point 212 can overlap (be identical), as shown in (b) and (c) of FIG15 . When the first feeding point 211 and the second feeding point 212 overlap (be identical), the first feeding point 211 is used to feed RF signals of the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band.

[0252] It should be understood that when the first feeding point 211 and the second feeding point 212 are coincident (the same), the connection positions provided on the radiator can be reduced, the complexity of the antenna 200 is reduced, and the structure is simpler.

[0253] In one embodiment, the antenna 200 may further include a filter circuit 251, as shown in (b) of FIG15 . The connection port of the filter circuit 251 is coupled to the first feed point 211 (the second feed point 212), the first port is electrically connected to the first feed circuit 231, and the second port is electrically connected to the second feed circuit 232. The filter circuit 251 can be used to improve the isolation between the first feed circuit 231 and the second feed circuit 232. In one embodiment, the first feed circuit 231 is used to feed a radio frequency signal in a first communication frequency band. The second feed circuit 232 is used to feed a radio frequency signal in a second communication frequency band.

[0254] In one embodiment, the antenna 200 may further include a combiner 252, as shown in (c) in Figure 15. The first port of the combiner 252 is coupled to the first feeding point 211 (the second feeding point 212). The combiner 252 can be used to combine the RF signals fed into the first feeding circuit 231 and the second feeding circuit 232 into one RF signal (the RF signal includes the RF signal of the first communication frequency band and the RF signal of the second communication frequency band). The feeding method of the electrical signal synthesized by the combiner 252 and fed into the radiator can be understood as combined feeding, and the feeding method shown in the above embodiment can be understood as split feeding. The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can all be fed by combined feeding or split feeding, and there is no limitation on this.

[0255] In one embodiment, the frame 11 is coupled to the floor 300 at the third position 203. The first end of the second radiator 220 is an open end, and the second end is a ground end, as shown in FIG16(a).

[0256] In one embodiment, the frame 11 defines a second insulating gap at the third position 203. The first end of the second radiator 220 is grounded, and the second end is an open end, as shown in FIG16(b).

[0257] In one embodiment, the frequency of the second communication frequency band is higher than the frequency of the first communication frequency band. One end of the second radiator 220 is grounded, and the other end is open.

[0258] In one embodiment, the frame 11 defines a second insulating gap at the third position 203. The first and second ends of the second radiator 220 are open, as shown in FIG16(c). In one embodiment, the second radiator 220 may further include a grounding point, at which the second radiator 220 is coupled to the floor 30.

[0259] In one embodiment, one end of the second radiator 220 is grounded, and the other end is open.

[0260] In one embodiment, the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 is greater than zero and less than or equal to one-third of the length L3 of the second radiator 220, as shown in FIG16(a). Because a strong current flows in this region (where the distance from the ground end is less than or equal to one-third of the length L3 of the second radiator 220) when the second radiator 220 resonates, and the connection point 241 is within this region, when the third radiator 230 resonates, the current transmitted from the third radiator 230 to the second radiator 220 does not significantly affect the third resonance (for example, the frequency offset of the third resonance point is less than 50 MHz), thereby enabling the third resonance to have a wider resonant frequency band. In one embodiment, because the third resonance has a wider resonant frequency band, the second communication frequency band can have a wider bandwidth and can include a wider communication frequency band in a cellular network, for example, a mid-frequency band (1710MHz-2170MHz) and / or a high-frequency band (2300MHz-2690MHz), and / or N77, N78, and N79 in a 5G communication system. In one embodiment, the first communication frequency band can have a narrower bandwidth and can include a narrower communication frequency band, for example, some frequency bands in a non-cellular network, the L1 band, the L2 band, or the L5 band in GPS.

[0261] It should be understood that the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end can be understood as the length of the second radiator 220 between the midpoint of the end surface where the third radiator 230 is connected to the second radiator 220 and the midpoint of the connection position of the ground end of the second radiator 220 (for example, coupled with the floor through a metal spring, the connection position is the connection position of the metal spring and the second radiator 220), for the sake of simplicity of discussion.

[0262] In one embodiment, the radiator length L4 between connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator 220, as shown in FIG16(b). When connection point 241 is within the aforementioned region (where the distance from the ground end is greater than two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator 220, and the distance from the open end is greater than two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator 220), the current path is extended when the third radiator 230 resonates, further increasing the radiation aperture of the third radiator 230 and improving the radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency) of the antenna 200 in the first communication frequency band. However, since this region does not carry a strong current when the second radiator 220 resonates, the current transmitted from the second radiator 220 to the third radiator 230 can significantly affect the third resonance (e.g., shift the resonant frequency of the third resonance by more than 50 MHz), resulting in a narrower resonant frequency band for the third resonance. In one embodiment, because the third resonance has a narrower resonant frequency band, the second communication frequency band can have a narrower bandwidth and can include a narrower communication frequency band, such as some frequency bands in non-cellular networks, 2.4G or 5G frequency bands in WiFi, and Bluetooth frequency bands. In one embodiment, the first communication frequency band can have a wider bandwidth and can include a wider communication frequency band in a cellular network, such as a low-frequency band (698MHz-960MHz).

[0263] In one embodiment, the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 is greater than or equal to one fifth of the length L3 of the second radiator 220 and less than or equal to four fifths of the length L3 of the second radiator 220 .

[0264] It should be understood that the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 affects the antenna's communication performance in both the first and second communication frequency bands. When the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 is greater than zero and less than or equal to one-third of the length L3 of the second radiator 220, communication performance in the second communication frequency band is more favorable, while a frequency band with a narrower operating bandwidth can be selected for the first communication frequency band. As the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 increases, the impact on communication performance in the second communication frequency band becomes greater, while communication performance in the second communication frequency band becomes more favorable. Therefore, in actual production or design, adjustments can be made based on different usage scenarios. It should be understood that the radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 can be between zero and the length L3 of the second radiator 220. Regardless of the specific area of ​​the second radiator 220 where the connection point 241 is located, the first resonance and the second resonance can be generated by the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the third radiator 230, so that the first resonance and the second resonance are used to jointly support the first communication frequency band; and the third resonance is generated by the second radiator 220 to support the second communication frequency band. In the above embodiment, only the two communication frequency bands include part of the frequency bands in the cellular network and part of the frequency bands in the non-cellular network as an example for explanation. Similarly, when both communication frequency bands include part of the frequency bands in the cellular network or part of the frequency bands in the non-cellular network, it can also be understood that the position of the connection point 241 is determined based on the operating bandwidth required by the first communication frequency band and the second communication frequency band. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0265] In one embodiment, the second radiator 220 has one grounded end and one open end. The length L3 of the second radiator 220 is less than the length L1 of the first radiator 210. In one embodiment, the length L3 of the second radiator 220 is less than the length L2 of the third radiator 230. In one embodiment, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and / or the length L2 of the third radiator 230 is greater than or equal to three-half the length L3 of the second radiator 220.

[0266] In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is greater than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and greater than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance (the frequency of the first communication frequency band is less than the frequency of the second communication frequency band). The resonance point frequency of the first resonance and / or the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is less than or equal to two-thirds of the resonance point frequency of the third resonance.

[0267] In one embodiment, both ends of the second radiator 220 are open ends, as shown in FIG16( c ).

[0268] Similarly, since when the second radiator 220 resonates, this area (the distance between the grounding point of the second radiator 220 is less than or equal to one-sixth of the length L3 of the second radiator 220) has a strong current, the connection point 241 is within the above-mentioned area. When the third radiator 230 resonates, the current transmitted from the third radiator 230 to the second radiator 220 will not have a significant impact on the third resonance (for example, the offset of the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is less than 50 MHz).

[0269] Similarly, when the connection point 241 is within the aforementioned region (the distance between the connection point 241 and the grounding point of the second radiator 220 is greater than one-sixth of the length L3 of the second radiator 220), the current path is extended when the third radiator 230 resonates, further increasing the radiation aperture of the third radiator 230 and improving the radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency) of the antenna 200 in the first communication frequency band. However, because a strong current does not flow in this region when the second radiator 220 resonates, the current transmitted from the second radiator 220 to the third radiator 230 will have a significant impact on the third resonance (e.g., the resonant point frequency of the third resonance may shift by more than 50 MHz).

[0270] In one embodiment, the electronic device includes a middle frame 19, which includes the aforementioned frame 11 and a middle plate 301, as shown in FIG17 . In one embodiment, middle plate 301 is electrically connected to floor 300 at multiple locations. In one embodiment, middle plate 301 can be considered part of floor 300.

[0271] In one embodiment, the frame 11 is electrically connected to the middle plate 301 via a connecting rib structure (eg, a grounding connector), and the frame 11 can be coupled to the floor 300 via the connecting rib structure (eg, a grounding connector).

[0272] The connecting rib structure (eg, grounding connector) is connected between the frame 11 and the middle plate 301 and is integrally formed with the frame 11 and the middle plate 301. For simplicity of discussion, the grounding connectors described in the embodiments of this application can be understood accordingly.

[0273] In one embodiment, the third radiator 230 and the second radiator 220 (frame 11) are integrally formed. In one embodiment, the third radiator 230, the frame 11 and the middle plate 301 are integrally formed.

[0274] It should be understood that the third radiator 230 , the frame 11 and the middle plate 301 can be milled out of the same metal piece, thereby reducing errors during assembly and improving the radiation characteristics (eg, bandwidth) of the antenna 200 .

[0275] In one embodiment, the electronic device may further include a battery 302. The middle frame 301 also includes a battery compartment 303, which is located on the middle plate 301. The battery 302 is located on the middle plate 301, within the space enclosed by the battery compartment 303. The third radiator 230 is located between the battery 302 and the frame 11.

[0276] In one embodiment, the third radiator 230 at least partially overlaps with the floor 300 in the second direction (eg, the z direction).

[0277] In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiator 210 and / or the second radiator 220 and the floor 300 is less than or equal to 1.5 mm. In one embodiment, the distance between the first radiator 210 and / or the second radiator 220 and the floor 300 is less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0278] It should be understood that the distance between the radiator and the floor 300 can be understood as the minimum distance between the radiator and a metal component at a similar distance (coupled with the floor 300 and equivalent to the floor 300). The antenna 200 provided in this embodiment of the application can still have good radiation characteristics when the radiator is close to the floor 300 (metal component) (with less clearance). For example, in the operating frequency band (the first communication frequency band), the radiation efficiency is greater than or equal to -3dB.

[0279] Figures 18 and 19 are simulation results of antenna 200 in electronic device 10 shown in Figure 14. Figure 18 is a simulation result of the S parameters of antenna 200 shown in Figure 14. Figure 19 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of antenna 200 shown in Figure 14.

[0280] It should be understood that in the simulation results shown in Figures 18 and 19, a comparative antenna is set. The only difference between the comparative antenna and the antenna 200 shown in Figure 14 is that the second radiator is not set, and the comparative antenna only includes the first radiator and the third radiator arranged at intervals.

[0281] As shown in FIG18 , when the first feeding circuit feeds a signal, the comparison antenna and the antenna 200 shown in FIG14 can both resonate around 0.875 GHz and around 0.975 GHz, which correspond to the first resonance and the second resonance in the above embodiment.

[0282] As shown in Figure 19, in antenna 200 shown in Figure 14, the second radiator can be used to extend the current path of the third radiator, thereby increasing the radiation aperture of the third radiator. Therefore, compared with the comparative antenna, antenna 200 shown in Figure 14 has better radiation efficiency and system efficiency. At around 0.8 GHz, the radiation efficiency is improved by approximately 1 dB.

[0283] Figures 20 and 21 are schematic diagrams of current distribution in antenna 200 of electronic device 10 shown in Figure 14. Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of current distribution in antenna 200 shown in Figure 14 at a first resonance point (e.g., 0.85 GHz). Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of current distribution in antenna 200 shown in Figure 14 at a second resonance point (e.g., 0.96 GHz).

[0284] As shown in FIG20 , at the resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the third radiator 230 are in the same direction. The current on the third radiator 230 extends to the second radiator 220 .

[0285] As shown in FIG21 , at the resonance point of the second resonance, the current on the first radiator 210 and the current on the third radiator 230 are in the same direction. The current on the third radiator 230 extends to the second radiator 220 .

[0286] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0287] As shown in FIG. 22 , the first feeding circuit 211 may be located on the second radiator 220 and configured to feed electrical signals (eg, radio frequency signals in the first communication frequency band and radio frequency signals in the second communication frequency band) into the antenna 200 .

[0288] In one embodiment, the antenna 200 may further include a second feeding circuit 232 and a filtering circuit 251. The connection port of the filtering circuit 251 is coupled to the first feeding point 211, the first port is electrically connected to the first feeding circuit 231, and the second port is electrically connected to the second feeding circuit 232.

[0289] It should be understood that the filter circuit 251 can be used to improve the isolation between the first feeding circuit 231 and the second feeding circuit 232. At the same time, the filter circuit 251 can also be used to provide different current paths to achieve the function of a matching circuit. The different current paths can generate additional resonances, thereby expanding the bandwidth of the antenna 200.

[0290] It should be understood that the difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 22 and the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 14 is only the location of the feeding point.

[0291] In one embodiment, the electronic device 10 may further include a parasitic stub 260 .

[0292] The first end of the parasitic stub 260 is connected to the connection point 242 of the second radiator 220. The parasitic stub 260 can be used to generate a fourth resonance to expand the bandwidth of the antenna 200.

[0293] It should be understood that the difference between the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 23 and the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 14 is only the parasitic stub 260 , through which additional resonance can be generated.

[0294] In one embodiment, the length of the parasitic stub 260 is less than the length of the first radiator 210 . In one embodiment, the length of the parasitic stub 260 is less than the length of the second radiator 220 .

[0295] In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the fourth resonance is greater than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, greater than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance, and greater than the resonance point frequency of the third resonance.

[0296] In one embodiment, the connection point 242 is coincident with (is the same as) the first feeding point 211 . The first feeding circuit 231 is coupled to the parasitic stub 260 .

[0297] It should be understood that when the connection point 242 and the first feeding point 211 coincide with (are the same as) each other, the number of connection positions provided on the radiator can be reduced, thereby reducing the complexity of the antenna 200 and making the structure simpler.

[0298] In one embodiment, part of the circuit in the filter circuit 251 can also serve as a tuning circuit for switching the resonant point frequencies of the first resonance, the second resonance, the third resonance, and the fourth resonance. In one embodiment, the filter circuit 251 can include a variable device (variable capacitor, variable inductor, etc.) or a switch, which can be used to switch the equivalent capacitance value or equivalent inductance value of the electronic component coupled to the connection point 222.

[0299] In one embodiment, the parasitic stub 260 and the second radiator 220 (frame 11) are integrally formed. In one embodiment, the parasitic stub 260, the frame 11 and the middle plate are integrally formed.

[0300] It should be understood that the parasitic branch 260 , the frame 11 and the middle plate can be milled out of the same metal piece, thereby reducing errors during assembly and improving the radiation characteristics (eg, bandwidth) of the antenna 200 .

[0301] For the sake of simplicity, the parts of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23 that are similar to the antenna 200 shown in Figure 14 will not be repeated one by one, for example, the positions of the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the third radiator 230, and the relationship between them; the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 are used to generate the first resonance and the second resonance to jointly support the first communication frequency band; the second radiator 220 is used to generate the third resonance to support the second communication frequency band; the position of the connection point 241, etc.

[0302] Figures 24 to 27 are simulation results of the antenna 200 in the electronic device 10 shown in Figure 23. Figure 24 is a simulation result of the S parameters of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23 when an electrical signal is fed to the first feed unit. Figure 25 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23 when an electrical signal is fed to the first feed unit. Figure 26 is a simulation result of the S parameters of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23 when an electrical signal is fed to the second feed unit. Figure 27 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23 when an electrical signal is fed to the second feed unit.

[0303] As shown in FIG24 , when the first feeding circuit feeds a signal, the antenna 200 shown in FIG23 can generate resonances near 0.73 GHz, near 0.92 GHz, and near 0.99 GHz, which correspond to the first resonance, the second resonance, and the resonances generated by different current paths provided by the filter circuit in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0304] As shown in Figure 25, since in the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23, the second radiator can be used to extend the current path on the third radiator, thereby increasing the radiation aperture of the third radiator, the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23 has good radiation efficiency and system efficiency in the resonant frequency band (with S11 less than -2dB as the limit).

[0305] As shown in Figure 26, when the second feed circuit feeds a signal, the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23 can generate multiple resonances between 2 GHz and 6.5 GHz. The resonance generated near 2.4 GHz corresponds to the third resonance in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the resonance generated near 5.3 GHz corresponds to the fourth resonance in the above-mentioned embodiment. With S11 less than -2 dB as the limit, the resonant frequency band can include the 2.4 GHz band of WiFi and the 5 GHz band of WiFi.

[0306] As shown in FIG. 27 , the antenna 200 shown in FIG. 23 has good radiation efficiency and system efficiency in the resonant frequency band (with S11 less than -2 dB as the limit).

[0307] FIG28 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0308] As shown in FIG. 28 , the first feeding circuit 211 may be located on the second radiator 220 and configured to feed electrical signals (eg, radio frequency signals in the first communication frequency band and radio frequency signals in the second communication frequency band) into the antenna 200 .

[0309] In one embodiment, the electronic device 10 may further include a parasitic stub 260 .

[0310] The first end of the parasitic stub 260 is connected to the connection point 242 of the first radiator 210. The parasitic stub 260 can be used to generate a fourth resonance to expand the bandwidth of the antenna 200.

[0311] It should be understood that the antenna 200 shown in FIG28 differs from the antenna 200 shown in FIG23 only in the location of the parasitic stub 260. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG23 , the connection point 242 is located on the second radiator 220, and the feed point coincides with the connection point 242. In the antenna 200 shown in FIG28 , the connection point 242 is located on the first radiator 210, which can also achieve the same technical effect.

[0312] For the sake of simplicity, the parts of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 28 that are similar to the antenna 200 shown in Figure 23 will not be repeated one by one, for example, the positions of the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the third radiator 230, and the relationship between them; the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 are used to generate the first resonance and the second resonance to jointly support the first communication frequency band; the second radiator 220 is used to generate the third resonance to support the second communication frequency band; the position of the connection point 241; the length of the parasitic branch 260, etc.

[0313] FIG29 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0314] It should be understood that in the above embodiments, the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is greater than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and greater than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance (the frequency of the first communication frequency band is less than the frequency of the second communication frequency band). In actual production or design, the resonance point frequency of the third resonance may also be less than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and less than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance (the frequency of the first communication frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second communication frequency band).

[0315] 29 , the length L3 of the second radiator 220 is greater than the length L1 of the first radiator 210 . In one embodiment, the length L3 of the second radiator 220 is greater than the length L2 of the third radiator 230 .

[0316] In one embodiment, the first communication frequency band may be a communication frequency band above 1.5 GHz, and the second communication frequency band may be a communication frequency band below 1 GHz.

[0317] In one embodiment, the second radiator 220 has one end grounded and one end open. In one embodiment, the length L1 of the first radiator 210 and / or the length L2 of the third radiator 230 is less than or equal to two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator 220 .

[0318] In one embodiment, the resonance point frequency of the third resonance is less than the resonance point frequency of the first resonance, and less than the resonance point frequency of the second resonance (the frequency of the first communication frequency band is less than the frequency of the second communication frequency band). The resonance point frequency of the first resonance and / or the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to three-half of the resonance point frequency of the third resonance.

[0319] It should be understood that the antenna 200 shown in FIG29 differs from the antenna 200 shown in the above embodiment only in the frequency of the third resonance. For the sake of simplicity, the similarities between the antenna 200 shown in FIG29 and the antenna 200 shown in the above embodiment will not be detailed one by one, such as the positions of the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the third radiator 230; the first radiator 210 and the second radiator are used to generate the first resonance and the second resonance to jointly support the first communication frequency band; the second radiator 220 is used to generate the third resonance to support the second communication frequency band; the position of the connection point 241, etc.

[0320] In one embodiment, the resonant frequency of the third resonance is lower than the resonant frequency of the first resonance and lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance (the frequency of the first communication frequency band is higher than the frequency of the second communication frequency band). The radiator length L4 between the connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 is greater than zero and less than or equal to one-third of the length L3 of the second radiator 220. Because a strong current flows in this region (the distance from the ground end is less than or equal to one-third of the length L3 of the second radiator 220) when the second radiator 220 resonates, and the connection point 241 is within this region, when the third radiator 230 resonates, the current transmitted from the third radiator 230 to the second radiator 220 does not significantly affect the third resonance (for example, the resonant frequency of the third resonance is offset by less than 50 MHz). In one embodiment, due to the minimal impact on the third resonance, the second communication frequency band may include a communication frequency band in a cellular network, for example, a low-frequency band (698 MHz-960 MHz). In one embodiment, the first communication frequency band may include a communication frequency band of a non-cellular network, for example, a 2.4G or 5G frequency band in WiFi, or a Bluetooth frequency band.

[0321] In one embodiment, the resonant frequency of the third resonance can also be lower than the resonant frequency of the first resonance and lower than the resonant frequency of the second resonance (the frequency of the first communication frequency band is higher than the frequency of the second communication frequency band). The radiator length L4 between connection point 241 and the ground end of the second radiator 220 is greater than or equal to two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator 220. When connection point 241 is within the aforementioned region (where the distance from the ground end is greater than two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator 220, and the distance from the open end is greater than two-thirds of the length L3 of the second radiator 220), the current path is extended when the third radiator 230 resonates, further increasing the radiation aperture of the third radiator 230 and improving the radiation characteristics (e.g., radiation efficiency) of the antenna 200 in the first communication frequency band. However, since this region does not carry a strong current when the second radiator 220 resonates, the current transmitted from the second radiator 220 to the third radiator 230 can significantly affect the third resonance (e.g., the resonant frequency of the third resonance may shift by more than 50 MHz). In one embodiment, due to the significant impact on the third resonance, the second communication frequency band may include a communication frequency band of a non-cellular network, such as the L1 band, L2 band, or L5 band in GPS. In one embodiment, the first communication frequency band may include a communication frequency band in a cellular network, such as a mid-frequency band (1710 MHz-2170 MHz) and / or a high-frequency band (2300 MHz-2690 MHz), and / or N77, N78, or N79 in a 5G communication system.

[0322] FIG30 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0323] As shown in FIG. 30 , a first end of the third radiator 230 extends toward the first radiator 210 , and a second end of the third radiator 230 extends toward the second radiator 220 .

[0324] The first radiator 210 and the third radiator 230 are partially spaced apart and at least partially overlap along a first direction perpendicular to the extension direction (eg, y direction) of the first radiator 210 .

[0325] The second radiator 220 and the third radiator 230 are partially spaced apart and at least partially overlap along a third direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second radiator 220 (eg, the y direction).

[0326] The first end of the third radiator 230 is an open end, and the second end is a ground end.

[0327] It should be understood that the antenna 200 shown in FIG30 differs from the antenna 200 shown in the above embodiments only in the connection method between the second end of the third radiator 230 and the second radiator 220. In the above embodiments, the second end of the third radiator 230 is connected to the connection point 241 of the second radiator 220 (the second end of the third radiator 230 is directly electrically connected to the second radiator 220) as an example. However, in the antenna 200 shown in FIG30, the second end of the third radiator 230 can be spaced apart from the second radiator 220 (the second end of the third radiator 230 is indirectly coupled to the second radiator 220), and the same technical effect can be achieved.

[0328] For the sake of simplicity, the parts of the antenna 200 shown in Figure 30 that are similar to the antenna 200 shown in the above embodiment will not be repeated one by one, for example, the positions of the first radiator 210, the second radiator 220, and the third radiator 230, and the relationship between them; the first radiator 210 and the second radiator 220, the third radiator 230 are used to generate the first resonance and the second resonance to jointly support the first communication frequency band; the second radiator 220 is used to generate the third resonance to support the second communication frequency band, etc.

[0329] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: floor; A frame, wherein the frame is at least partially spaced apart from the floor, the first frame includes a first position, a second position, and a third position which are sequentially arranged, the frame is coupled to the floor at the first position, the frame has a first insulating gap at the second position, the first end of the first radiator and the first end of the second radiator are opposite to each other through the first insulating gap and do not contact each other, the frame is coupled to the floor at the third position or has a second insulating gap at the third position; An antenna, comprising: A first radiator and a second radiator, wherein the first radiator includes a conductive portion of the frame between the first position and the second position, and the second radiator includes a conductive portion of the frame between the second position and the third position; a third radiator, wherein a first end of the third radiator extends toward the first radiator, a second end of the third radiator is connected to a connection point of the second radiator, a first end of the third radiator is an open end, the first radiator and the third radiator are arranged at intervals, and the first radiator and the third radiator at least partially overlap along a first direction, the first direction is a direction perpendicular to an extension direction of the first radiator, and the third radiator is arranged on an inner side of the frame; a first feeding circuit, the second radiator or the third radiator comprising a feeding point, the first feeding circuit being coupled to the feeding point; Wherein, the physical length L1 of the first radiator, the physical length L2 of the third radiator, and the radiator length L4 between the connection point and the ground end of the second radiator satisfy: L1×50%≤L2+L4≤L1, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator are used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance, and the first resonance and the second resonance are used to jointly support a first communication frequency band of the electronic device; The second radiator is further used to generate a third resonance, the resonance frequency band of the third resonance includes a second communication frequency band, and the first communication frequency band is different from the second communication frequency band.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is coupled to the floor at the third position, the first end of the second radiator is an open end, and the second end of the second radiator is a ground end.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame defines the second insulating gap at the third position, the first end of the second radiator is a ground end, and the second end of the second radiator is an open end.

4. The electronic device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The length of the second radiator is shorter than the length of the first radiator; The resonance point frequency of the first resonance and / or the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is less than or equal to two thirds of the resonance point frequency of the third resonance.

5. The electronic device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the first radiator is greater than or equal to two thirds of the length of the second radiator.

6. The electronic device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The length of the second radiator is greater than the length of the first radiator; The resonance point frequency of the first resonance and / or the resonance point frequency of the second resonance is greater than or equal to three half of the resonance point frequency of the third resonance.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the first radiator and / or the third radiator is less than or equal to two thirds of the length of the second radiator.

8. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A radiator length L4 between the connection point and the ground end of the second radiator is greater than zero and less than or equal to one third of the length of the second radiator.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second communication frequency band includes at least a portion of a frequency band in a cellular network.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A radiator length L4 between the connection point and the ground end of the second radiator is greater than two thirds of the length of the second radiator.

11. The electronic device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second communication frequency band includes 2.4G, 5G frequency bands in WiFi, and / or Bluetooth frequency bands.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The antenna also includes a second feeding circuit and a filtering circuit; The connection port of the filter circuit is coupled to the feeding point, the first port of the filter circuit is coupled to the first feeding circuit, and the second port of the filter circuit is coupled to the second feeding circuit.

13. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: At the resonance point of the first resonance, the currents on the first radiator are in the same direction; At the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the first radiator are in the same direction.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: At the resonance point of the first resonance, the current on the third radiator is in the same direction; At the resonance point of the second resonance, the currents on the third radiator are in the same direction.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: A distance D between the first radiator and the third radiator is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: A ratio of a length of an overlapping portion of the third radiator and the first radiator along the first direction to a length of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 25% and less than or equal to 75%.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: The third radiator at least partially overlaps with the floor in a first direction, and the second direction is a thickness direction of the electronic device.

18. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a middle plate and a battery, wherein the battery is located on the middle plate, and the middle plate serves as at least a part of the floor; Wherein, the third radiator is located between the battery compartment and the frame.

19. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that: The distance between the floor and the radiator is less than or equal to 1.5 mm.

20. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that: The third radiator and the second radiator are integrally formed.

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