Kit useful for constructing buildings that is optimised for emergency housing

Abstract

The present invention relates to kit for constructing buildings such as emergency housing, store rooms or others, in a quick, simple and customisable manner. The invention also relates to buildings based on said kit.

Description

[0001] Useful kit for the construction of buildings optimized for emergency housing

[0002] FIELD OF INVENTION

[0003]

[0001] The present invention is located in the field of modular construction and, more particularly, in the field of construction of buildings such as emergency housing, warehouses or others, in a fast, simple and customizable manner.

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005]

[0002] Emergency housing and other similar buildings are becoming increasingly necessary due to population growth and natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and forest fires, the latter of which are becoming more frequent due to drought and global warming. In this context, the construction of such buildings presents a number of problems and challenges.

[0006]

[0003] For example, emergency housing is often of poor quality, designed for the short term and optimized to reduce immediate costs. For example, it is often made of highly flammable materials, such as wood, even when it is intended for use in areas prone to wildfires. Another problem is that it is often standardized and not designed for the specific family that will live there.

[0007]

[0004] A clear example of the above are the half-waters, emergency housing that is not designed or optimized for the long term, but rather to solve immediate problems of housing needs.

[0008]

[0005] On the other hand, and especially in recent years, there has been an increase in the costs and availability of labor and materials (for example, due to the transportation costs caused by the pandemic).

[0009]

[0006] In view of the above, it is desirable to have technologies for the construction of emergency housing or other similar buildings, which present properties such as the following: they can be built at a reasonable cost and with readily available materials; they are easy and quick to build; they are resistant to natural phenomena; they are flexible in terms of adapting to user requirements; they comply with minimum regulatory requirements, for example, in the case of Chile, of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development.

[0010]

[0007] In this context, the present invention consists of a kit for the construction of buildings, particularly optimized for emergency housing, which has a series of characteristics: it allows the construction of a modular building (for example, an emergency home) in a fast, simple and customizable way, in such a way that the user can configure it according to their preferences and needs; it is composed of materials of limited and / or reduced cost, as well as widely available materials; it allows the construction of homes that comply with regulatory requirements; among others. Likewise, it comprises a building manufactured from said kit and, therefore, includes all of its advantages.

[0011] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012]

[0008] The present invention is located in the field of construction, particularly, the invention describes a kit for the construction of buildings such as emergency housing, warehouses or others, in a fast, simple and customizable way, as well as buildings based on said kit.

[0013]

[0009] In particular, the invention comprises a kit for the construction of buildings such as emergency housing, warehouses or others, in a fast, simple and customizable manner, which at least comprises a module (100) which in turn at least comprises:

[0014] - 2 long pillars (1 .1 );

[0015] - 2 short pillars (1 .2);

[0016] - 1 Warren type beam (2.1 );

[0017] - 4 Warren type beams with upright (2.2);

[0018] - 2 truss beams (3);

[0019] - 2 roof beams (4);

[0020] - Technical floor (5);

[0021] - 4 foundation elements (6);

[0022] - A plurality of walls (7), each of which is composed of 3 panels (7.1 ), wherein each wall has at least one technical panel (7.1.1 ) located in the third position.

[0023] - 2 bracing walls (8);

[0024] - 4 roof panels (9); and

[0025] - 4 connector base plates (10).

[0026]

[0010] Thus, the kit of the present invention has a series of advantages, particularly, in that it is optimized to build or be the basis for the construction of emergency housing.

[0027]

[0011] For example, it allows for the quick and easy construction of a modular home (e.g., an emergency home). Indeed, the selection and configuration of the elements allows the building to be assembled in just a few hours, without the need for heavy equipment and without the need for specialized labor in complex construction aspects, such as masonry.

[0028]

[0012] The kit is modular and therefore allows the construction of the building with customizable configurations.

[0029]

[0013] Another advantage of the kit is that it is composed of low-cost and / or widely available materials. This was one of the main challenges faced by the inventor. The intention was to avoid problems that arose, for example, during the pandemic, when there were problems accessing construction products.

[0030]

[0014] All these features of the kit, among others that will be detailed below, allow the construction of houses that comply with the regulatory requirements, for example, of Chile.

[0031]

[0015] In another area, the invention comprises buildings manufactured based on the kit.

[0032]

[0016] For example, it comprises a building constructed based on the module (100) previously described, whose configuration is as follows:

[0033] - The 4 Warren type beams with uprights (2.2) are configured so that they form the base of the building, forming a quadrangular structure;

[0034] - The 2 long pillars (1.1) are located between the Warren type beams with uprights (2.2), perpendicular to the ground;

[0035] - The 2 short pillars (1.2) are located between Warren type beams with uprights (2.2), perpendicular to the ground, on one side opposite to the long pillars (1.1);

[0036] - Each truss beam (3) is arranged between a long pillar (1.1) and a short pillar (1.2), at its upper end, so that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short pillars (1.2) and the higher end to the long pillars (1.1);

[0037] - The Warren beam (2.1 ) is arranged between the two long pillars (1 .1 ) at its upper end; A roof beam (4) is arranged between the two short pillars (1 .2) at its upper end; and

[0038] The other roof beam (4) is arranged between the two truss beams (3).

[0039]

[0017] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a building consisting of a dwelling, for example an emergency dwelling, which in one embodiment has 27 m2 , and which includes:

[0040] - 10 Warren type beams (2.2) that are configured in such a way that they form the base of the building, forming quadrangular structures that together have an “L” shape;

[0041] - 5 long pillars (1 .1) and 3 short pillars (1 .2) located between each Warren type beam with upright (2.2), perpendicular to the ground;

[0042] - The 3 short pillars (1.2) are arranged on an outer side of the base, while the 5 long pillars (1.1) are located at the remaining intersections between the Warren with upright (2.2);

[0043] - 3 truss beams (3) which are joined to the long columns (1 .1 ) and the short columns (1 .2) at their upper end, such that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short columns (1 .2). 2 truss beams which are arranged between 2 long columns (1.1 ), aligned with the remaining truss beams (3), with their lower end in the same orientation;

[0044] - 3 Warren type beams (2.1 ) that are arranged between two long pillars (1 .1 ) at their upper end, perpendicular to the truss beams (3);

[0045] - 2 roof beams (4) arranged between the short pillars (1 .2), at their upper end;

[0046] - 3 roof beams (4) arranged between the truss beams (3); and

[0047] - Wall panels (7) that are located within the space formed between a Warren type beam with studs (2.2) and two long (1.1) and / or short (1.2) pillars.

[0048]

[0018] In another embodiment, the invention comprises a building consisting of a dwelling, for example an emergency dwelling, which in one embodiment has 36 m2, and which comprises:

[0049] - 12 Warren beams with uprights (2.2) arranged to form the base of the building, forming a quadrangular structure divided into 4 grids; - 5 long pillars (1.1) and 3 short pillars (1.2) located between each Warren beam with upright (2.2), perpendicular to the ground;

[0050] - The 3 short pillars (1.2) are arranged on an outer side of the base, while the 6 long pillars (1.1) are located at the remaining intersections between the Warren with upright (2.2);

[0051] - 3 truss beams (3) which are joined to the long pillars (1 .1 ) and the short pillars (1 .2) at their upper end, so that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short pillars (1 .2). 3 truss beams which are arranged between 2 long pillars (1.1 ), aligned with the remaining truss beams (3), with their lower end in the same orientation;

[0052] - 4 Warren type beams (2.1 ) that are arranged between two long pillars (1 .1 ) at their upper end, perpendicular to the truss beams (3);

[0053] - 2 roof beams (4) arranged between the short pillars (1 .2), at their upper end;

[0054] - 4 roof beams (4) arranged between the truss beams (3); and

[0055] - Wall panels (7) that are located within the space formed between a Warren type beam with studs (2.2) and two long (1.1) and / or short (1.2) pillars.

[0056]

[0019] The invention and its scope will be fully understood with the aid of the figures, detailed description and examples.

[0057] DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0058]

[0020] The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following more particular description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying figures.

[0059]

[0021] Figure No. 1 corresponds to a representation of the structural elements of the module (100).

[0060]

[0022] Figure No. 2 corresponds to a presentation of one of the modalities of the invention equivalent to 3 modules (100).

[0061]

[0023] Figure No. 3 corresponds to a presentation of one of the modalities of the invention equivalent to 4 modules (100).

[0062]

[0024] Figure No. 4 corresponds to a photograph of a building manufactured based on the module (100).

[0063]

[0025] Figure No. 5 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the long pillars (1 .1) and the short pillars (1 .2)

[0064]

[0026] Figure No. 6 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the Warren beams (2-1).

[0065]

[0027] Figure No. 7 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the Warren beams with studs (2.2).

[0066]

[0028] Figure No. 8 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the truss beams (3).

[0067]

[0029] Figure No. 9 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the roof beams (4).

[0068]

[0030] Figure No. 10 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the technical panels (7.1.1).

[0069]

[0031] Figure No. 11 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the smooth panels (7.1.2).

[0070]

[0032] Figure No. 12 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the door panels (7.1.3).

[0071]

[0033] Figure No. 13 corresponds to a representation of the assembly of the window panels (7.1 .4).

[0072]

[0034] Figure No. 14 corresponds to a graph of deformation with respect to the applied load comparatively between the Warren beam without a stud and with a stud when used in the lower part of the structure.

[0073]

[0035] Figure No. 15 corresponds to a representation of the distribution of the loads applied to the floor of a prototype building manufactured based on the kit of the present invention, where the white figures correspond to bags, the black dots to people and the gray rectangles to tables.

[0074]

[0036] Figure No. 16 corresponds to a representation of the different alternatives for the location of the bracing walls (8) in a building equivalent to 4 modules (100).

[0075]

[0037] Figure No. 17 corresponds to a representation of different alternatives for the location of the habitable area for a building equivalent to 4 modules (100).

[0076]

[0038] Figure No. 18 corresponds to a representation of alternatives when considering the location alternatives of the bracing walls (8) and the definition of the location of the habitable area for a building equivalent to 4 modules (100).

[0077]

[0039] Figure No. 19 corresponds to a representation of alternative configurations of the walls (7) with respect to the different wall panels (7.1).

[0078]

[0040] Figure No. 20 corresponds to a representation of alternatives when considering the location alternatives of the bracing walls (8), the wall panel alternatives and the definition of the location of the habitable area for a building equivalent to 4 modules (100).

[0079] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0080]

[0041] The present invention is oriented to a kit for the construction of buildings, such as emergency housing, warehouses or others, in a fast, simple and customizable manner.

[0081]

[0042] Various preferred embodiments of the invention, as well as other implementation modalities, will be detailed below. However, unless otherwise indicated, the various specific configurations, such as certain steps, raw materials and other aspects of the invention, which constitute the respective preferred embodiments, are to be construed only as illustrative and not as limiting the scope of the present technology, unless otherwise indicated.

[0082]

[0043] On the one hand, the invention comprises a kit for the construction of buildings such as emergency housing, warehouses or others, in a fast, simple and flexible way, which comprises a module (100) which in turn at least comprises:

[0083] - 2 long pillars (1 .1 );

[0084] - 2 short pillars (1 .2);

[0085] - 1 Warren type beam (2.1 );

[0086] - 4 Warren type beams with upright (2.2);

[0087] - 2 truss beams (3);

[0088] - 2 roof beams (4);

[0089] - Technical floor (5);

[0090] - 4 foundation elements (6);

[0091] - A plurality of walls (7), each of which is composed of 3 panels (7.1 ), wherein each wall has at least one technical panel (7.1.1 ) located in the third position.

[0092] - 2 bracing walls (8);

[0093] - 4 roof panels (9); and

[0094] - 4 connector base plates (10).

[0044] The kit of the present invention has a series of advantages, such as those already indicated in the brief description of the invention and the others detailed below.

[0095]

[0045] Among these advantages, the kit allows for the construction of a wide variety of structures such as warehouses, homes, and buildings. However, it was optimized for the construction of emergency housing. Thus, it is possible to begin, for example, by building a warehouse or isolated room that can later be expanded and transformed into a home, for example, an emergency one. The kit can also be particularly useful for the construction of social or other housing.

[0096]

[0046] On the other hand, the kit allows the buildings to be built quickly and easily, an advantage that is explained by the selection and configuration of the parts that make it up.

[0097]

[0047] On the other hand, the specific elements of the invention give it a series of advantageous characteristics.

[0098]

[0048] The use of truss beams (3) allows a skylight to be positioned to allow natural light into the interior of the structure, should the user so require. The configuration of the long pillars (1 .1 ) and short pillars (1 .2) also contribute to this purpose.

[0099]

[0049] On the other hand, Warren beams (2.1 ) consist of longitudinal elements joined only by other transverse bars arranged at an angle, forming spaces in the shape of an alternately inverted equilateral triangle along their entire length. Thus, they have the advantage that the horizontal beams that make up the Warren beam (2.1 ) are only exposed to tension or compression forces and not to bending or torsional stresses. Therefore, they provide sufficient resistance even using less material than other alternatives. Thus, the selection of this class of beams allows to reduce costs and simplify the assembly process (among other reasons due to weight), without sacrificing in any way the structural resistance of the house.

[0100]

[0050] On the other hand, Warren beams with uprights (2.2) are relevant because they provide additional strength to the beam, so they are essential to support the weight of the remaining elements of the module (100) in the lower part of it. In particular, these uprights prevent a possible buckling effect, providing additional protection to the Warren beams (2.1).

[0101]

[0051] The roof beams (4) are relevant because they provide strength to the structure of the building to be manufactured by the kit. In particular, they provide support to the roof and secure the structure without the need to use an excess of elements that increase its weight.

[0102]

[0052] Technical floors (5) are relevant because they allow the installation of pipe networks, electricity and other elements that may be necessary, with said elements remaining under the floor. This provides safety and aesthetics.

[0103]

[0053] Foundations (6) allow the load to be transferred from the structure to the supporting soil, due to contact with the surface. This allows the beams to transfer the dead load and the dynamic effect of moving loads such as wind, snow or rain, to the ground.

[0104]

[0054] The walls (7) are necessary because they allow the insulation of the house and, at the same time, the installation of plumbing, electricity and other needs. However, the surprising thing is not the use of walls, but their configuration.

[0055] In particular, the walls (7) are composed of 3 panels (7.1) each. This feature is a substantial advantage because it allows quick and easy installation in a modular manner. In addition, it allows the wall to be structured in such a way that windows, doors or other elements that the user requires can be placed, according to their preferences and needs.

[0105]

[0056] In one embodiment, the panels (7.1 ) consist of oriented strand boards (or OSB panels) with a structure made of profiles that can be made of thin steel. These profiles not only give stability to the structure of the panels (7.1 ) but also allow them to fit easily together to form a wall.

[0106]

[0057] As for the walls, another fundamental characteristic is that the technical panel (7.1.1 ) must always be located in the third position of the panel (7.1 ). The reason is that technical components such as pipes, electrical network, among others, are incorporated into it. This allows the construction to be more orderly and therefore more efficient, and avoids confusion when installing the technical elements inside the walls (7).

[0107]

[0058] The bracing walls (8), for their part, correspond to structural reinforcement walls. Their presence is advantageous in that it allows the load to be homogenized at a greater number of points in the structure of the building formed by the kit and, therefore, prevents overloading on specific elements thereof.

[0108]

[0059] In one embodiment, the bracing walls (8) are located on the Warren beams with studs (2.2), as follows:

[0109] - Two bracing walls (8) are located covering a corner of the module (200); The rest of the bracing walls (8) are located so that they are separated from the other bracing walls (8) by at least one Warren type beam with stud (2.2).

[0110]

[0060] The kit comprises 4 roof panels (9), which are necessary to cover the module (100). In one embodiment of the invention, the roof panels (9) are polystyrene panels.

[0111]

[0061] The connector base plates (10) are elements that are located attached to the lower end of the long pillars (1.1) and short pillars (1.2). They are relevant because they allow said elements to be attached to the foundations, contributing to the robustness of the structure of the building to be built with the kit.

[0112]

[0062] In one embodiment, the dimensions of the aforementioned kit elements are as follows:

[0113] - The long pillars (1.1) are 3 m high and 15.2 cm wide;

[0114] - The short pillars (1 .2) are 2.75 m high and 15.2 cm wide;

[0115] - Warren beams (2.1) are 2.9 m long and 40 cm wide;

[0116] - Warren type beams with studs (2.2) are 2.9 m long and 40 cm wide;

[0117] - The truss beams (3) are 2.9 m long, 15 cm high at their lowest end and 40 cm high at their highest end;

[0118] - The ceiling beams (4) are 2.9 m long and 15 cm high;

[0119] - The technical floors (5) are 299.2 x 99.73 cm; and / or

[0120] - The technical panels (7.1 .1 ) are 200.7 cm high and 39.4 cm long.

[0121]

[0063] The combination of all the indicated measurements is particularly preferred, since the kit was optimized for them. All the indicated measurements represent an approximate value, plus / minus 10%, preferably 5% and even more preferably 2%.

[0122]

[0064] In one embodiment, the dimensions of the aforementioned kit elements are in turn respectively formed by the following elements, in addition to, for example, fastening elements such as screws, dowels or others:

[0123] - Each of the long pillars (1.1) comprises 6 structural U-type profiles;

[0124] - Each of the short pillars (1 .2) comprises 6 structural U-type profiles;

[0125] - Each of the Warren beams (2.1) comprises 2 C-shaped sections forming the chords and U-shaped sections forming the diagonals; - Each of the Warren beams with studs (2.2) comprises 2 C-shaped sections forming the chords and U-shaped sections forming the diagonals and studs;

[0126] - Two truss beams (3) comprising 2 C-type profiles that form the chords and U-type profiles that form the diagonals;

[0127] - Two roof beams (4) comprising 2 C-type profiles plus two steel sheets;

[0128] - A plurality of technical floors (5) where each technical floor (5) comprises 3 injected polyurethane sandwich panels;

[0129] - Each of the panels (7.1) comprises oriented strand boards and profiles; and / or

[0130] - Each of the bracing walls (8) comprises oriented strand boards with profiles.

[0131]

[0065] Additionally, for the formation of

[0132]

[0066] It should be noted that the particular configuration of each of the aforementioned elements is not trivial, but rather required arduous development work by the inventor. Furthermore, the configuration of each element has the advantage of being made from widely available materials, thereby avoiding supply problems such as those that occurred, for example, during the pandemic.

[0133]

[0067] In one embodiment, the kit of the present invention allows to build a building corresponding to a module (100) in the following manner:

[0134] - The 4 Warren type beams with uprights (2.2) are configured so that they form the base of the building, forming a quadrangular structure;

[0135] - The 2 long pillars (1.1) are located between the Warren type beams with uprights (2.2), perpendicular to the ground;

[0136] - The 2 short pillars (1.2) are located between Warren type beams with uprights (2.2), perpendicular to the ground, on one side opposite to the long pillars (1.1);

[0137] - Each truss beam (3) is arranged between a long pillar (1.1) and a short pillar (1.2), at its upper end, so that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short pillars (1.2) and the higher end to the long pillars (1.1);

[0138] - The Warren beam (2.1 ) is arranged between the two long pillars (1 .1 ) at its upper end; A roof beam (4) is arranged between the two short pillars (1 .2) at its upper end; and

[0139] The other roof beam (4) is arranged between the two truss beams (3).

[0140]

[0068] This building is the most basic structure of the invention and may be particularly useful as a warehouse, shed, or other smaller structure. While it is the most basic structure or building of the present invention, its configuration allows it to be the basis for subsequent extensions and / or transformations, for example, into an emergency home.

[0141]

[0069] On the other hand, in one embodiment of the invention it consists of a kit comprising the following elements (hereinafter the “3M Kit”):

[0142] - 3 long pillars (1 .1 );

[0143] - 1 short pillars (1 .2);

[0144] - 2 Warren type beams (2.1 );

[0145] - 6 Warren beam with stud (2.2);

[0146] - 3 truss beams (3);

[0147] - 3 roof beams (4);

[0148] - 2 technical floors (5);

[0149] - 4 foundation elements (6);

[0150] - 8 wall panels (7) consisting in turn of 21 panels (7.1), where 8 are technical panels (7.1.1) and the others consist of a plurality of smooth panels (7.1.2), a plurality of door panels (7.1.3) and / or a plurality of window panels (7.1.4);

[0151] - 8 roof panels (9); and

[0152] - 4 connector base plates (10).

[0153]

[0070] An example of this modality is shown in Figure No. 2 and allows the construction of a larger structure with a size equivalent to 3 times the module (100), but without the need to use all the elements of the module (100), optimizing the use of materials and time.

[0154]

[0071] In preferred mode, the 3M Kit allows you to build structures of 27 m 2This is really advantageous since, according to ONEMI requirements, it would meet the minimum required for the construction of emergency housing, namely, 24 m 2 .

[0155]

[0072] The differentiating elements of the 3M Kit are fundamental.

[0156]

[0073] Indeed, this modality comprises a particular configuration of the walls (7). Indeed, as has been described, this modality requires 8 wall panels (7) which in turn consist of 21 panels (7.1 ), where 8 are technical panels (7.1.1 ) and the others consist of a plurality of smooth panels (7.1.2), a plurality of door panels (7.1.3) and / or a plurality of window panels (7.1.4). This configuration is advantageous in that it grants a great capacity for customization of the building to be constructed, without losing its rigidity.

[0157]

[0074] In one embodiment, the plain panels (7.1.2), the door panels (7.1.3) and the window panels (7.1.4) are 200.7 cm high and 18.1 cm long. This allows them to fit perfectly together as well as into the structure formed by the pillars and beams, especially in combination with the preferred dimensions previously detailed.

[0158]

[0075] In one embodiment, the 3M Kit allows the construction of a building consisting of a dwelling, for example an emergency one, whose configuration is as follows:

[0159] - The 10 Warren type beams (2.2) are configured so that they form the base of the building, forming quadrangular structures that together have an “L” shape;

[0160] - The 5 long pillars (1.1) and the 3 short pillars (1.2) are located between each Warren type beam with stud (2.2), perpendicular to the ground;

[0161] - The 3 short pillars (1 .2) are arranged on an outer side of the base, while the 5 long pillars (1 .1 ) are located at the remaining intersections between the Warren with upright (2.2);

[0162] - 3 truss beams (3) are joined to the long pillars (1.1 ) and the short pillars (1 .2) at their upper end, so that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short pillars (1.2). The remaining 2 truss beams are arranged between 2 long pillars (1.1 ), aligned with the remaining truss beams (3), with their lower end in the same orientation;

[0163] - The 3 Warren type beams (2.1) are arranged between two long pillars (1.1) at their upper end, perpendicular to the truss beams (3);

[0164] - 2 roof beams (4) are arranged between the short pillars (1 .2), at their upper end;

[0165] - The remaining 3 roof beams (4) are arranged between the truss beams (3); and the wall panels (7) are located within the space formed between a Warren beam with studs (2.2) and two long (1.1) and / or short (1.2) pillars.

[0166]

[0076] On the other hand, in one embodiment of the invention it consists of a kit comprising the following elements (hereinafter the “Kit 4M”):

[0167] - 4 long pillars (1 .1 );

[0168] - 1 short pillar (1 .2);

[0169] - 3 Warren type beams (2.1 );

[0170] - 8 Warren beam with stud (2.2);

[0171] - 4 truss beams (3);

[0172] - 4 roof beams (4);

[0173] - 3 technical floor panels (5);

[0174] - 5 foundation elements (6);

[0175] - 8 wall panels (7) consisting in turn of 24 panels (7.1), where 8 are technical panels (7.1.1), 2 are door panels (7.1.3) and the others consist of a plurality of smooth panels (7.1.2), and / or a plurality of window panels (7.1.4);

[0176] - 2 bracing walls (8); and

[0177] - 5 connector base plates (10).

[0178]

[0077] An example of this modality is shown in Figure No. 3 and allows the construction of a larger structure with a size equivalent to 4 times the module (100), but without the need to use all the elements of the module (100), optimizing the use of materials and time.

[0179]

[0078] For example, the 4M Kit allows the manufacture of homes equivalent to 3 habitable modules and an open module (for example, for a terrace), which shows how the present invention adapts to the needs of users.

[0180]

[0079] In preferred mode, the 4M Kit allows the construction of 36 m structures 2 This is really advantageous since, according to ONEMI requirements, it would meet the minimum required for the construction of emergency housing, namely, 24 m 2 .

[0181]

[0080] In one embodiment, the 4M Kit allows the construction of a building consisting of a dwelling, for example an emergency dwelling, whose configuration is as follows:

[0182] - The 12 Warren beams with studs (2.2) are arranged so that they form the base of the building, forming a quadrangular structure divided into 4 grids; - The 5 long pillars (1 .1 ) and the 3 short pillars (1 .2) are located between each Warren beam with stud (2.2), perpendicular to the ground;

[0183] - The 3 short pillars (1.2) are arranged on an outer side of the base, while the 6 long pillars (1.1) are located at the remaining intersections between the Warren with upright (2.2);

[0184] - 3 truss beams (3) are joined to the long columns (1 .1 ) and the short columns (1 .2) at their upper end, so that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short columns (1 .2). The remaining 3 truss beams are arranged between 2 long columns (1.1 ), aligned with the remaining truss beams (3), with their lower end in the same orientation;

[0185] - The 4 Warren beams (2.1 ) are arranged between two long pillars (1 .1 ) at their upper end, perpendicular to the truss beams (3);

[0186] - 2 roof beams (4) are arranged between the short pillars (1 .2), at their upper end;

[0187] - The remaining 4 roof beams (4) are arranged between the truss beams (3); and

[0188] - The wall panels (7) are located within the space formed between a Warren beam with studs (2.2) and two long (1 .1 ) and / or short (1 .2) pillars

[0189]

[0081] In another embodiment of the invention, it consists of a kit (hereinafter “Kit 6M”), which is formed with the Kit 4M plus the addition of the following elements:

[0190] - 2 long pillars (1 .1 );

[0191] - 2 Warren type beams (2.1 );

[0192] - 5 Warren beams with uprights (2.2);

[0193] - 2 truss beams (3);

[0194] - 2 roof beams (4);

[0195] - 2 technical floor panels (5);

[0196]

[0082] This modality allows to build a larger structure with a size equivalent to 6 times the module (100), but without the need to use all the elements of the module (100), optimizing the use of materials and time.

[0197]

[0083] In one embodiment of the present invention, the kit, in any of its alternatives, comprises a plurality of fire walls (1 1 ). This element is particularly preferred especially in those cases in which the building to be constructed by the kit will be exposed to fires.

[0198]

[0084] In one embodiment, the structure comprises a plurality of termination components (12), which will vary according to the user's requirements.

[0199] EXAMPLES

[0200]

[0085] The invention will be better understood by means of the following examples, which are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope of the invention. Various changes and modifications to the described embodiments would be obvious to those skilled in the art, and such changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

[0201] Example No. 1. Manufacturing of construction elements.

[0202]

[0086] Through an arduous process of research and prototyping, in which the construction elements necessary to create a solid structure that, in turn, allowed modular construction were evaluated. In this context, the inventor developed the following elements: a. Long pillars (1 .1 ) and short pillars (1 .2).

[0203]

[0087] For the construction of the long pillars (1.1) and the short pillars (1.2), the inventor developed a simple, fast and low-cost way to achieve a strong structure that also allows the coupling of the other elements. The materials used were the following:

[0204] - 6 U-type profiles of 2x4x0.085 meters with a length of 3 meters;

[0205] - A plurality of 8x1 / 2” pan head screws.

[0206]

[0088] First, to facilitate assembly, marks must be made every 10 cm on the inner face of 4 profiles, these must be located 1.5 cm from the edge. Then, taking 2 marked profiles with 2 unmarked profiles, the outer faces are joined between a previously marked profile with an unmarked one, align the edges and secure with a clamp at each end. Then, screws are installed at the marked points in order to join the previously mentioned profiles, generating 2 pieces.

[0207]

[0089] In the next step, the assembled pieces are placed face to face, with the tips of the screws pointing inwards. Next, the outer face of a profile is placed over the pieces, ensuring that the edges are aligned. Using four small clamps, secure each corner joint and then install the screws at the previously marked points. Finally, the newly formed piece is turned over and the last profile is added in the same manner as described.

[0208] The construction of the long pillars (1 .1 ) and short pillars (1 .2) can be seen in Figure No. 5. b. Warren type beams (2.1 )

[0209]

[0090] For the construction of Warren beams (2.1 ), in the same way as for the pillars, the inventor developed a simple, fast and low-cost way to achieve a strong structure that also allows the coupling of the other elements. The materials used were the following:

[0210] - 2 C-type profiles measuring 2x4x0.085 metres with a length of 2.9 metres;

[0211] - U-type profiles of 2x4x0.085 meters

[0212] - A plurality of 8x1 / 2” pan head screws.

[0213]

[0091] First, to facilitate assembly, marks should be made on a C-type profile 3 cm from the edge, for each end, and then 93.25 cm from the 3 cm mark to the other end, this profile will correspond to the top of the beam. Then, on another C-type profile, marks should be made 3 cm from the edge, for each end, then 44.5 cm from the 3 cm mark and then 97.5 cm from the 44.5 cm mark from the 3 cm mark, to the 3 cm mark at the other end, this profile will correspond to the bottom of the beam.

[0214]

[0092] On the other hand, to make the diagonals, U-type profiles are cut on their lateral and outer faces, as shown in Figure No. 6. These will be of different measurements to be placed at the points marked on the C-type profiles, as shown in Figure No. 6.

[0215]

[0093] Once all the interior pieces have been cut, place them aligned with the marks on the C-type profile, considering the different measurements.

[0216]

[0094] Once everything is correctly positioned, join each piece with the upper and lower U profiles by putting 3 screws at the ends of each piece.

[0217]

[0095] The construction of Warren beams (2.1) can be seen in Figure 6. c. Warren beams with studs (2.2)

[0218]

[0096] For the construction of the Warren type beams (2.1), the materials used were the following:

[0219] - 2 C-type profiles measuring 2x4x0.085 metres with a length of 2.9 metres;

[0220] - U-type profiles of 2x4x0.085 meters A plurality of 8x1 / 2” lentil head screws.

[0221]

[0097] Similar to the Warren type beams without studs (2.1 ), a type C profile should be marked 3 cm from the edge, for each end, and then 93.25 cm from the 3 cm mark to the other end, this profile will correspond to the top of the beam. Then, another type C profile should be marked 3 cm from the edge, for each end, then 44.5 cm from the 3 cm mark and then 97.5 cm from the 44.5 cm mark from the 3 cm mark, to the 3 cm mark at the other end, this profile will correspond to the bottom of the beam.

[0222]

[0098] On the other hand, to make the diagonals, U-type profiles are cut on their lateral and outer faces, as shown in Figure No. 7. These will be of different measurements to be placed at the points marked on the C-type profiles, as shown in Figure No. 7.

[0223]

[0099] For the uprights, U-type profiles are cut in the manner shown in Figure No. 7.

[0224]

[0100] Once all the interior pieces have been cut, place them aligned with the marks on the C-type profile, considering the different measurements.

[0225]

[0101] Once everything is correctly positioned, join each piece with the upper and lower U profiles by putting 3 screws at the ends of each piece.

[0226]

[0102] The construction of Warren type beams with studs (2.2) can be seen in Figure No. 7. d. Truss beams (3)

[0227]

[0103] For the construction of the truss beams (3), the materials used were the following:

[0228] - 1 C-type profile measuring 2x4x0.085 metres with a length of 2.9 metres;

[0229] - 1 C-type profile measuring 2x4x0.085 metres with a length of 2.91 metres;

[0230] - U-type profiles of 2x4x0.085 meters

[0231] - A plurality of 8x1 / 2” pan head screws.

[0232]

[0104] First, mark the 2.91 m C type profile at 3 cm from the edge, for each end, and then every 57 cm from the 3 cm mark to the other end, this profile will correspond to the inclined upper part of the beam. Then, on the 2.9 m C type profile, marks should be made at 31.4 cm from the edge, for each end, then every 56.8 cm from the 31.4 mark to the 31.4 cm mark at the other end, this profile will correspond to the bottom of the beam.

[0233]

[0105] On the other hand, to make the diagonals, U-type profiles are cut on their lateral and outer faces, as shown in Figure No. 8. These will be of different measurements to be placed at the points marked on the C-type profiles, as shown in Figure No. 8.

[0234]

[0106] Once all the interior pieces have been cut, place them aligned with the marks on the C-type profile, considering the different measurements.

[0235]

[0107] Once everything is correctly positioned, join each piece with the upper and lower U profiles by putting 4 screws at the ends of each piece.

[0236]

[0108] The construction of the truss beams (3) can be seen in Figure No. 8. e. Roof beams (4)

[0237]

[0109] For the construction of the roof beams (4), the materials used were the following:

[0238] - 2 C-type profiles measuring 2x4x0.085 metres with a length of 2.9 metres;

[0239] - 2 steel plates measuring 15 x 284 cm and 0.8 mm thick;

[0240] - A plurality of 8x1 / 2” pan head screws.

[0241]

[0110] First, make marks on the C-profiles 3 cm from the edge to the inside for each end. Then, make marks on the steel plates 1.65 cm from the side edge and 7 cm from the longitudinal edge and then every 10 cm.

[0242]

[0111] In the next step, place the two C-profiles on a flat surface with their inner faces facing each other. Then, place a steel plate on top, aligning its end with the 3 cm mark on the ends of the profiles. Secure with a clamp.

[0243]

[0112] Finally, place the screws at the marked points on the steel plate, joining it to one of the C-profiles, placing the screws from one end to the other. In the same way, turn the formed piece over and screw the other marked steel plate to the other C-profile in the same way.

[0244]

[0113] The construction of the roof beams (4) can be seen in Figure No. 9. f. Technical floors (5)

[0245]

[0114] The raised access floors (5) are made up of SIP panels, which must be cut to fit the shape of the pillars. Considering that 3 are used per module, they need to be cut in 3 different ways, namely:

[0246] - 1 SIP panel corresponding to the left side, 99.73 cm wide and 299.2 cm long, cut at its left corners in the shape of the pillars, that is, with cuts of 3 and 4.6 cm;

[0247] - 1 SIP panel corresponding to the center, 99.73 cm wide and 299.2 cm long; and

[0248] - 1 SIP panel corresponding to the right side, 99.73 cm wide and 299.2 cm long, cut at its right corners in the shape of the pillars, i.e., with cuts of 3 and 4.6 cm. g. Wall panels (7.1 )

[0249]

[0115] The wall panels (7.1 ) consist of oriented strand boards (OSB) with a snap-together structure of steel profiles. As previously mentioned, the wall panels (7.1 ) come in four versions, each of which is constructed differently. or technical panels (7.1 .1 )

[0250] To build technical panels (7.1 .1 ) the following materials must be used:

[0251] - 2 U-type profiles 92x30 Length 200.7cm

[0252] - 2 C-type profiles 90x38 Length 39.2cm

[0253] - 1 C-type profile 40x38 Length 200.7cm (A)

[0254] - 2 C-type profiles 40x38 Length 39.4cm (B)

[0255] - 1 OSB panel 1 1.1 mm of 46.1 x208, 6cm (Exterior)

[0256] - 1 8mm OSB panel of 39.4x204.5cm (Interior)

[0257] - 8 1 / 2” lentil-head thyme

[0258] - lentil-head thyme 8 1”

[0259]

[0116] To begin assembling the technical panel (7.1.1 ), the metal structure must first be assembled. To do this, on a flat surface, place the two U-shaped profiles at a distance of 39.4 cm, facing their inner faces. Then, place the two C-shaped profiles, 39.2 cm long, in the space formed by the two U-shaped profiles, at the ends of these, facing their inner faces, thus forming a rectangular piece.

[0260]

[0117] The next step is to install the 200.7 cm long C-type profile, which we will call piece (A) for ease of understanding. Prior to installation, it must be marked 10.35 cm from both edges and then every 20 cm along the piece (A). To install piece (A) it must be placed along the 200.7 cm long U-type profile, so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of piece (A) is secured with a clamp to the lower lateral end of the 200.7 cm long U-type profile, but with a 1 mm offset. Piece (A) is screwed to the 200.7 cm long U-type profile at the height of the previously made marks.

[0261]

[0118] In the next step, the 40x38 Type C profiles, 39.4 cm long, will be installed, which we will call pieces (B) for ease of understanding. First, mark 3.7 cm from the edge for each end and then mark every 16 cm along each piece (B). To install the pieces (B), each one must be placed along the 39.2 cm long type C profiles, so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of each piece (B) is secured with a clamp to the lower lateral end of each 39.2 cm long type C profile, but with an offset of 0.2 mm. The pieces (B) are screwed to each 39.2 cm long type C profile at the height of the previously made marks.

[0262]

[0119] Once the metal structure is finished, all corners are screwed with 2 screws. Then, the installation of the OSB panels must begin. To facilitate installation, a 1.5 cm edge must be marked inside the panels from the edge to the center of the panel. Then, the panels are arranged in alignment with the metal structure in such a way that the 1 1.1 mm OSB panel is in the lower area, then the metal structure is placed on top where piece (A) is on the left side of the metal structure, considering that the OSB panel is to be aligned with piece (A), protruding from the metal structure on the other side by 2.9 cm, and finally the 8 mm thick OSB panel that would correspond to the interior part is placed on top of this metal structure. Finally, once aligned, it is screwed every 1 cm on the previously drawn line.

[0263]

[0120] The construction of the technical panels (7.1.1 ) can be seen in Figure No. 10. or Smooth panels (7.1 .2)

[0264] To build smooth panels (7.1 .2) the following materials must be used:

[0265] - 2 U-type profiles 92x30 Length 200.7cm

[0266] - 2 C-type profiles 90x38 Length 1 17.9cm

[0267] - 1 C type profiles 40x38 Length 121,9cm (A)

[0268] - 1 C-type profile 40x38 Length 122.9cm (B) - 2 C-type profiles 40x38 Length 200.7cm (C)

[0269] - 1 OSB panel 1 1 .1 mm of 122x208, 4cm (Exterior)

[0270] - 1 8mm OSB panel of 122x204.5cm (Interior)

[0271] - Lentil-head thyme 8 1 / 2”

[0272] - Lentil-head thymes 8 1”

[0273]

[0121] Just like the assembly of the technical panel (7.1 .1 ), to start the assembly of the smooth panel (7.1.2) the metal structure must first be assembled. To do this, on a flat surface, place the two 200.7 cm long U-type profiles at a distance of 1 18.1 cm facing their inner faces. Then, place the 2 1 17.9 cm long C-type profiles in the space formed by the two U-type profiles, at the ends of these, facing their inner faces, thus forming a rectangular piece.

[0274]

[0122] The next step is to install the 200.7 cm long C-type profiles, which we will call pieces (C) for ease of understanding. Prior to installation, they must be marked 10.35 cm from both edges and then every 20 cm along each piece (C). To install the pieces (C), they must be placed along each 200.7 cm long U-type profile so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of each piece (C) is secured with a clamp to the lower side end of the 200.7 cm long U-type profile, where the one on the left side has an offset of 1 mm and the one on the right side of 1.1 cm. Each piece (C) is screwed to each 200.7 cm long U-type profile at the height of the previously made marks.

[0275]

[0123] In the next step, the 40x38 type C profile, 121.9 cm long, will be installed, which we will call piece (A) and the 40x38 type C profile, 122.9 cm long, which we will call piece (B), to facilitate understanding.

[0276]

[0124] For piece (A), it is necessary to mark 8.97 cm from an edge (with an offset of 0.1 cm) and then mark from that edge every 20 cm 5 times along the length of piece (A). To install piece (A) they must be placed each one along the 39.2 cm long C-type profiles, so that their interior faces face opposite each other. The position of each piece (A) is secured with a clamp to the lower lateral end of each 39.2 cm long C-type profile, but with an offset of 0.2 mm. The pieces (A) are screwed to each 39.2 cm long C-type profile at the height of the previously made marks, from the same side as the marks were made, such that it protrudes from the structure 3.9 cm.

[0277]

[0125] For piece (B), it shall be marked 9.87 cm from an edge (with a 1 cm offset) and then marked from that edge every 20 cm 5 times along the length of piece (B). To install piece (B) each one shall be placed along the 39.2 cm long C-type profiles, so that their interior faces face away from each other. The position of each piece (B) is secured with a clamp to the opposite side end of each 39.2 cm long C-type profile, but with a 0.2 mm offset. The pieces (B) are screwed to each 39.2 cm long C-type profile at the height of the marks previously made, from the same side as the marks were made, considering the 1 cm offset so that it protrudes from the structure on one side and on the other side it protrudes from the structure by 3.8 cm (which must be the same side as the piece that protrudes from piece (A)).

[0278]

[0126] These pieces that protrude from the structures (A) and (B) must be perfectly aligned with the piece (C).

[0279]

[0127] Once the metal structure is finished, all corners are screwed with 2 screws. Then, the installation of the OSB panels must begin. To facilitate installation, a 1.5 cm edge must be marked inside the panels from the edge to the center of the panel. Then, the panels are arranged in alignment with the metal structure so that the 1 1.1 mm OSB panel is in the lower area, then the metal structure is placed on top and finally the 8 mm thick OSB panel, which would correspond to the interior part, is placed on top of this metal structure. Finally, once aligned, it is screwed every 10 cm on the previously drawn line.

[0280]

[0128] The construction of the smooth panels (7.1 .2) can be seen in Figure No. 1 1. or Door panels (7.1.3)

[0281] To build door panels (7.1.3) the following materials must be used:

[0282] - 3 U-type profiles 92x30 Length 200.7cm (A)

[0283] - 1 U-type profile 92x30 Length 204.5cm (B)

[0284] - 1 C-type profile 90x38 Length 196.9 cm (Mp1)

[0285] - 1 C-type profile 90x38 Length 200.7 cm (Mp2)

[0286] - 1 type C profile 90x38 Length 101.6 cm (Mp3)

[0287] - 3 C-type profiles 90x38 Length 16.2 cm (C)

[0288] - 1 type C profile 40x38 Length 204.5cm (D)

[0289] - 1 type C profile 40x38 Length 200.7cm (E)

[0290] - 1 C type profile 40x38 Length 121.9cm (F)

[0291] - 1 type C profile 40x38 Length 20.2cm (G) - 1 OSB panel 1 1.1 mm 122x208, 4cm (Exterior)

[0292] - 1 8mm OSB panel of 122x204.5cm (Interior)

[0293] - Lentil-head thymes 8 x 1 / 2”

[0294] - Lentil-head thymes 8 x 1”

[0295]

[0129] First, the door structure is assembled where the ends of this are piece (I) and piece (II), respectively.

[0296]

[0130] To assemble piece (I), 2 pieces (A) and 1 piece (Mp1 ) are needed, which are aligned in the following order: piece (Mp1 ) with its inner face facing the center, piece (A) with its inner face facing piece Mp1 and the other piece (A) with its inner face opposite to the other piece (A). In this way, the pieces are joined together to form piece (I).

[0297]

[0131] To assemble piece (II), 1 piece (B) and 1 piece (Mp2) are needed where they are joined with their inner faces facing each other.

[0298]

[0132] In the next step, pieces (I) and (II) are placed at a distance of 108.1 cm facing their inner faces. Then, place a 101.6 cm long C-type profile or piece (Mp3), in the part that will be the upper area of ​​the panel, with its inner face facing the center of the structure. Then, place the 3 C-type profiles 90x38 Length 16.2 cm or pieces (C) on the outer side of piece (I) perpendicular to it, at a distance from the top to the bottom of 94.1 and 95.2 cm, respectively. To close these profiles, 1 U-type profile 92x30 Length 200.7 cm or piece (A) is placed with its inner face facing the center.

[0299]

[0133] Once the door structure is made, the profiles type C 40x38 length 204.5cm or piece (D) and type C 40x38 Length 200.7cm (E) must be added.

[0300]

[0134] Preliminary, it should be marked 10.35 cm from the top edge, and then every 20 cm marked 9 times along each piece (D). To install piece (D) it should be placed along piece (B), so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of piece (D) is secured with a clamp to the lower side end of the 200.7 cm long U-type profile, with an offset of 1 mm. Piece (D) is screwed to piece (B) at the height of the previously made marks.

[0301]

[0135] Preliminary, it should be marked at 10.35 cm from the top edge, and then every 20 cm marked 9 times along each piece (E). To install piece (E) it should be placed along piece (A), so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of piece (E) is secured with a clamp to the lower side end of the 200.7 cm long U-type profile, with an offset of 1.1 cm. Piece (E) is screwed to piece (A) at the height of the previously made marks.

[0302]

[0136] In the next step, the 40x38 C-type profile, 121.9 cm long or piece (F) and the 40x38 C-type profile, 20.2 cm long or piece (G) will be installed.

[0303]

[0137] For piece (F), it must be marked 8.97 cm from an edge (with an offset of 0.1 cm) and then marked from that edge every 20 cm 5 times along the length of piece (A). To install piece (F) they must be placed along the piece (Mp3), so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of (F) is secured with a clamp at its lower lateral end, but with an offset of 0.2 mm. Pieces (F) are screwed to piece (Mp3) at the height of the previously made marks, from the same side as the marks were made, in such a way that it protrudes from the structure 20.2 cm, except for the last screw in the order mentioned.

[0304]

[0138] For piece (G), a mark must be made at 5.4 cm from one edge to the other, these being 2 marks. To install piece (G) they must be placed along piece (C) at the lower end, so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of each piece (G) is secured with a clamp to the opposite side end of piece (C), but with an offset of 0.2 mm. Piece (G) is screwed to piece (C) at the height of the marks previously made, from the outermost side, leaving a piece protruding 4 cm towards the inside of the structure.

[0305]

[0139] Once the metal structure is finished, all corners are screwed with 2 screws. Then, the installation of the OSB panels must begin. These OSB panels must be cut in the shape of a door, namely, with a space of 200.7 x 94 cm. To facilitate installation, a 1.5 cm edge must be marked inside the panels from the edge to the center of the panel. Then, the panels are arranged in alignment with the metal structure in such a way that the 1.1 mm OSB panel is in the lower area, then the metal structure is placed on top and finally the 8 mm thick OSB panel, which would correspond to the interior, is placed on top of this metal structure. Finally, once aligned, it is screwed every 10 cm on the previously drawn line.

[0306]

[0140] The construction of the door panels (7.1.3) can be seen in Figure No. 12. o Door panels (7.1.4)

[0307] Finally, to build window panels (7.1.4) the following materials must be used:

[0308] 2 U-type profiles 92x30 Length 200.7cm - 1 U-type profile 92x30 Length 200.7cm (A)

[0309] - 1 U-type profile 92x30 Length 96.9cm (B)

[0310] - 2 C-type profiles 90x38 Length 1 17.9cm (MaO)

[0311] - 2 C-type profiles 90x38 Length 100 cm (Mal)

[0312] - 1 C-type profile 90x38 Length 107.6 cm (Ma2)

[0313] - 2 C-type profiles 40x38 Length 200.7cm (C)

[0314] - 1 C-type profile 40x38 Length 122.9cm (D)

[0315] - 1 C-type profile 40x38 Length 121.9cm (E)

[0316] - 1 OSB panel 1 1.1 mm 122x208, 6cm (Exterior)

[0317] - 1 8mm OSB panel of 122x204.3cm (Interior)

[0318] - Lentil-head thymes 8 x 1 / 2”

[0319] - Lentil-head thymes 8 x 1”

[0320]

[0141] First, the metal structure is assembled. To do this, the U-type profiles 92X30 Length 200.7cm or piece (A) and the U-type 92X30 Length 96.9cm or piece (B) must be cut. The cut is made at a height of 3.8 cm from both edges for both profiles, only cutting the central area of ​​the profiles, as shown in Figure No. 13. These are saved for a later step.

[0321]

[0142] In the next step, the two 92x30 U-type profiles, 200.7 cm long, are placed at a distance of 1 18.1 cm, facing their inner faces. Then, the 1 17.9 cm long C-type profiles are placed, each one between the two 92x30 U-type profiles, 200.7 cm long, at their ends, with their inner face facing the center of the structure, forming a rectangular structure.

[0322]

[0143] Once the structure is made, the 2 C-type profiles 40X38 of 200.7 cm long or pieces (C) must be added. Preliminary, it must be marked 10.35 cm from the edge, and then every 20 cm marked 9 times along each piece (C).

[0323]

[0144] To install piece (C) it must be placed along one of the 92x30 U-type profiles, 200.7cm long, so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of piece (C) is secured with a clamp to the lower side end of piece (A), with a 1mm offset. Piece (C) is screwed to the second 92x30 U-type profile, 200.7cm long, at the height of the marks previously made. The other pair of profiles, namely piece (C) and the other 92x30 U-type profile, 200.7cm long, follow the same process, except that the offset is 1.1cm.

[0324]

[0145] In the next step, the 40x38 C-type profile, 121.9 cm long or piece (E) and the 40x38 C-type profile, 122.9 cm long or piece (D) will be installed.

[0325]

[0146] For piece (E), it must be marked 8.97 cm from an edge (with an offset of 0.1 cm) and then marked from that mark every 20 cm 5 times along the piece (E). To install piece (E) they must be placed along the piece (MaO), so that their interior faces face opposite each other. The position of (E) is secured with a clamp at its lower lateral end, but with an offset of 0.2 mm. Pieces (E) are screwed to piece (MaO) at the height of the previously made marks, from the same side as the marks were made, in such a way that it protrudes from the structure 3.9 cm.

[0326]

[0147] For piece (D), it should be marked 9.87 cm from an edge (with an offset of 1 cm) and then marked from that mark every 20 cm 5 times along the length of the piece (D). To install piece (D) they should be placed along the other piece (MaO) at the lower end, so that their inner faces face opposite each other. The position of each piece (D) is secured with a clamp to the opposite side end of the other piece (MaO), but with an offset of 0.2 mm. Piece (D) is screwed to piece (MaO) at the height of the previously made marks, from the outermost side, leaving a piece protruding 3.8 cm towards the outside of the structure.

[0327]

[0148] The protruding pieces of pieces (D) and (E) must fit perfectly with pieces (C).

[0328]

[0149] Once the metal frame is finished, all corners are screwed in place with two screws. The next step is to build the window structure.

[0329]

[0150] To do this, first use the previously cut piece (A) and fit it into the pieces (MaO) 7.4 cm from the right end of the metal structure. Then the profiles (Mal) are placed inside each 92x30 U-type profile of 200.7 cm with their inner face facing each other, respectively, and touching the upper MaO profile. In addition, piece (Ma2) must be placed with its inner face facing the lower area of ​​the metal structure. Finally, piece (B) previously cut is placed, fitted perpendicularly and centered between piece (Ma2) and the lower piece (MaO). Once the window structure is finished, all the corners are screwed on with 2 screws.

[0330]

[0151] Next, the installation of the OSB panels must begin. These OSB panels must be cut into the shape of a window, namely with a space of 100 x 100 cm. To facilitate installation, a 1.5 cm edge must be marked inside the panels from the edge to the center of the panel. The panels are then arranged in alignment with the metal structure so that the 1.1 mm OSB panel is in the lower area, then the metal structure is placed on top and finally the 8 mm thick OSB panel, which would correspond to the interior part, is placed on top of this metal structure. Finally, once aligned, it is screwed every 10 cm on the previously drawn line.

[0331]

[0152] The construction of the window panels (7.1.4) can be seen in Figure No. 13. h. Bracing walls (8)

[0332] To build the bracing walls (8) the following materials must be used:

[0333] - 5 U-type profiles 92x30 Length 212.4cm

[0334] - 1 C-type profile 40x38 Length 285cm

[0335] - 2 8mm OSB panels of 210.5cm x 103cm

[0336] - 2 8mm OSB panels of 210.5cm x 10Ocm

[0337] - 2 8mm OSB panels of 210.5cm x 87cm

[0338] - 8 x 1 / 2” pan head screws

[0339] - 8 x 1” pan head screws

[0340]

[0153] Preliminary, the 92x30 U-type profiles of 212.4 cm long must be cut. The cut is made at a height of 3.8 cm from both edges, only cutting the central area of ​​the profiles, as seen in Figure No. 13. These will be screwed to a Warren beam in its upper part and to a sole in its lower part, which will be built with the 40x38 C-type profile of 285 cm long. To this structure, the OSB panels are added in descending size. All these elements are screwed once the structural part of the designed module (100) is assembled.

[0341]

[0154] The construction of the bracing walls (8) can be seen in Figure No. 13.

[0342] Example No. 2. Use of Warren beams for the lower part.

[0343]

[0155] The inventor had the challenge of building a structure that would allow the modular construction of buildings that, at the same time, were resistant and could last over time.

[0344]

[0156] For these purposes, the inventor began with the development of the lower structure using Warren beams without uprights, such as those used in the upper part.

[0345]

[0157] Therefore, the tests were carried out on a prototype module comprising the following elements:

[0346] 2 long pillars;

[0347] 2 short pillars; - 5 Warren-type beams without uprights, where 1 is used in the upper area and 4 in the lower area;

[0348] - Two truss beams;

[0349] - Two ceiling beams;

[0350] - 1 raised floor; and

[0351] - 4 foundation elements.

[0352]

[0158] The test consisted of applying a load of 900 kg with sandbags, which were partially stacked to obtain a measurement of the beam deflection for specific load instants and to know at what point a failure could occur due to buckling of the compression diagonals.

[0353]

[0159] The result of this test was that the diagonals suffered compression damage related to elastic deformation under load and rearrangement of the diagonals.

[0354]

[0160] The inventor was therefore able to conclude that this configuration was not optimal.

[0355] Example No. 3. Use of Warren beams with studs for the bottom

[0356]

[0161] According to the result obtained in the previous example, the inventor added vertical uprights made of 2x4x0.85 U-type profiles in the middle of each span of the upper chord.

[0357]

[0162] A total load of approximately 900 kg was applied to this new beam with sandbags, which were progressively stacked.

[0358]

[0163] The inventor observed that the new materialized configuration had a higher stiffness and, in turn, a higher resistance to the applied distributed gravitational load, compared to that observed in the previous test.

[0359]

[0164] It was observed that for almost the same load (approximately 900 kg) a deflection of 14 mm was obtained in the first test, while in the second test 9 mm was obtained, i.e. a reduction of 36%. This can be seen in Figure No. 14.

[0360] Example No. 5. Module resistance (100).

[0361]

[0165] Once the Warren beam with uprights (2.2) was defined, the inventor evaluated the complete structure of a prototype corresponding to a module (100), formed with the following elements:

[0362] - 2 long pillars (1 .1 );

[0363] - 2 short pillars (1 .2);

[0364] - 1 Warren beam without stud (2.1 ); - 4 Warren beam with stud (2.2) ;

[0365] - 2 truss beams (3);

[0366] - 2 roof beams (4);

[0367] - 1 technical floor (5);

[0368] - 4 foundation elements (6).

[0369]

[0166] This test consisted of the actual testing of the supporting structure of the floor of a module, both for the Warren beams with studs (2.2) and for the SIP panels that make up the technical floor (5) in order to monitor possible failures in the diagonals of the beams such as excessive deflections in the panels and failures in the connection between beam and panel.

[0370]

[0167] For this test, the inventor simulated a static load from a real-life situation of domestic use of the module. In this way, the load applied to the floor of the module consisted of 43 sandbags of 18 kg, two laboratory tables of 110 and 120 kg and the weight of 6 people, distributed as shown in Figure No. 15. With this, a maximum applied static load of 1400 kg was obtained.

[0371]

[0168] In this test, the inventor was able to observe that no buckling failures occurred. The SIP panels of the raised floor did not show significant deflections or failures in their connections, so it was concluded that it is a suitable material for this function.

[0372]

[0169] Therefore, the structure withstood the applied static load without failure of its load-bearing elements. The inventor concluded that the elements selected for the floor area had good structural performance under the 1,400 kg applied load, making it a suitable and safe structure for domestic use.

[0373]

[0170] Therefore, the indicated components were defined to configure the module (100).

[0374] Example No. 6. Possible configurations with 4 modules

[0375]

[0171] According to the above, the module (100) described has the capacity to be expanded and customized according to the user's requirements. This is why the module (100) has wall panels (7.1 ) which in turn are composed of technical panels (7.1.1 ), smooth panels (7.1.2), door panels (7.1.3) and window panels (7.1.4).

[0376]

[0172] Below is an example of an emergency dwelling with a size of 36 m2 and which therefore complies with the standard in question.

[0377]

[0173] Specifically, the housing is manufactured with a kit that includes the following elements:

[0378] - 1 module (100);

[0379] - 4 long pillars (1 .1 );

[0380] - 1 short pillar (1 .2);

[0381] - 3 Warren type beams (2.1 );

[0382] - 8 Warren beam with stud (2.2);

[0383] - 4 truss beams (3);

[0384] - roof beams (4);

[0385] - 3 technical floor panels (5);

[0386] - 5 foundation elements (6);

[0387] - 21 wall panels (7.1 ) assorted;

[0388] - 2 bracing walls (8);

[0389] - 12 roof panels (9); and

[0390] - 5 connector base plates (10).

[0391]

[0174] The dimensions of the elements are as follows:

[0392] - The long pillars (1.1) are 3 m high and 15.2 cm wide;

[0393] - The short pillars (1 .2) are 2.75 m high and 15.2 cm wide;

[0394] - Warren beams (2.1) are 2.9 m long and 40 cm wide;

[0395] - Warren type beams with studs (2.2) are 2.9 m long and 40 cm wide;

[0396] - The truss beams (3) are 2.9 m long, 15 cm high at their lowest end and 40 cm high at their highest end;

[0397] - The ceiling beams (4) are 2.9 m long and 15 cm high;

[0398] - The technical floors (5) are 299.2 x 99.73 cm;

[0399] - The technical panels (7.1.1) are 200.7 cm high and 39.4 cm long; and / or

[0400] - The plain panels (7.1.2), the door panels (7.1.3) and the window panels (7.1.4) are 200.7 cm high and 118.1 cm long.

[0401]

[0175] To build the house, the following steps are carried out:

[0402]

[0176] The structural parts are started with, namely the long piers (1.1 ), the short piers (1.2 ), the Warren beams (2.1 ), the Warren beams with studs (2.2), the truss beams (3) and the roof beams (4). The foundation elements (6) and the connecting base plates (10) are attached to the piers.

[0403]

[0177] Secondly, the technical floors (5) are installed. Before continuing with the other elements, the position of the bracing walls (8) must be defined so that they can distribute the external loads in the best way to avoid failures in the structure. As previously noted, the bracing walls (8) can cover a corner of a module (100) and the rest must be located in such a way that they are separated from the other bracing walls (8) by at least one Warren beam with studs (2.2). Therefore, for 4 modules there are 12 configurations, as shown in Figure No. 16.

[0404]

[0178] On the other hand, the configuration of the wall panels will depend on the user's requirements, whether due to the wind in the area, sunlight, among others, which will define the areas that have wall panels, giving 4 alternatives, as shown in Figure No. 17. Now, considering the configuration of the wall panels (7.1) and the bracing walls (8), we obtain 14 configurations, as shown in Figure No. 18.

[0405]

[0179] Thirdly, once the position of the structure has been selected, the type of wall panels (7.1 ) to be used must be selected. As previously noted, each wall (7) is composed of 3 wall panels (7.1 ), where the panel in third position is always a technical panel (7.1.1 ).

[0406]

[0180] Currently, Chilean regulations require that emergency housing have an entrance door and a rear door, so it will be limited to the fact that there cannot be two door panels (7.1.3) on the same wall (7). Regarding sales, the regulation requires that they be positioned on the front facade and on the rear or sides, depending on the solar orientation, with these limitations there could not be two window panels (7.1.4) on the same wall (7). Considering these points, the house comprises 7 wall configurations (7), as shown in Figure No. 19. This demonstrates how, even complying with the regulation and with the same kit, the user can configure his house in multiple ways.

[0407]

[0181] Along the same lines, Figure No. 20 shows possible configurations for a home based on this kit.

[0408] List of references:

[0409] Numbering Elements

[0410] Module 100

[0411] Long pillars 1.1

[0412] Short pillars 1.2 Warren beams 2.1 Warren beam with stud 2.2 Truss beams 3 Roof beams 4 Raised floor 5 Foundation elements 6

[0413] Walls 7

[0414] Wall panels 7.1

[0415] Technical panels 7.1.1

[0416] Smooth panels 7.1.2

[0417] Door panels 7.1.3

[0418] Window panels 7.1.4

[0419] Bracing walls 8

[0420] Ceiling panels 9

[0421] Connector base plates 10

[0422] Fire walls 11

Claims

CLAIMS SHEET 1. A kit for the construction of buildings such as emergency housing, warehouses or others, quickly, easily and customizable, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises at least one module (100) which in turn comprises at least: - 2 long pillars (1 .1 ); - 2 short pillars (1 .2); - 1 Warren type beam (2.1 ); - 4 Warren type beams with upright (2.2); - 2 truss beams (3); - 2 roof beams (4); - Technical floor (5); - 4 foundation elements (6); - A plurality of walls (7), each of which is composed of 3 panels (7.1 ), wherein each wall has at least one technical panel (7.1.1 ) located in the third position. - 2 bracing walls (8); - 4 roof panels (9); and - 4 connector base plates (10).

2. The kit according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that: - Each of the long pillars (1.1) comprises 6 structural U-type profiles; - Each of the short pillars (1 .2) comprises 6 structural U-type profiles; - Each Warren type beam (2.1) comprises 2 C type profiles that form the chords and U type profiles that form the diagonals; - Each of the Warren type beams with uprights (2.2) comprises 2 C type profiles that form the chords and U type profiles that form the diagonals and uprights; - Two truss beams (3) comprising 2 C-type profiles that form the chords and U-type profiles that form the diagonals; - Two roof beams (4) comprising 2 C-type profiles plus two steel sheets; - A plurality of technical floors (5) where each technical floor (5) comprises 3 injected polyurethane sandwich panels; - Each of the panels (7.1) comprises oriented strand boards and profiles; and / or - Each of the bracing walls (8) comprises oriented strand boards with profiles.

3. The kit according to claim 1 and 2, CHARACTERIZED in that it also at least comprises: - 3 long pillars (1 .1 ); - 1 short pillars (1 .2); - 2 Warren type beams (2.1 ); - 6 Warren beam with stud (2.2); - 3 truss beams (3); - 3 roof beams (4); - 2 technical floors (5); - 4 foundation elements (6); - 8 wall panels (7) consisting in turn of 21 panels (7.1), where 8 are technical panels (7.1.1) and the others consist of a plurality of smooth panels (7.1.2), a plurality of door panels (7.1.3) and / or a plurality of window panels (7.1.4); - 8 roof panels (9); and - 4 connector base plates (10).

4. The kit according to claim 1 and 2, CHARACTERIZED in that it also at least comprises: - 4 long pillars (1 .1 ); - 1 short pillar (1 .2); - 3 Warren type beams (2.1 ); - 8 Warren beam with stud (2.2); - 4 truss beams (3); - 4 roof beams (4); - 3 technical floor panels (5); - 5 foundation elements (6); - 8 wall panels (7) consisting of 24 panels (7.1), where 8 are technical panels (7.1.1), 2 are door panels (7.1.3) and the others consist of a plurality of smooth panels (7.1.2), and / or a plurality of window panels (7.1.4); - 2 bracing walls (8); and - 5 connector base plates (10).

5. The kit according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED in that it also comprises at least: - 2 long pillars (1 .1 ); - 2 Warren type beams (2.1 ); - 5 Warren beams with uprights (2.2); - 2 truss beams (3); - 2 roof beams (4); - technical floor panels (5); - 2 foundation elements (6); and - 2 connector base plates (10).

6. The kit according to claims 1 to 5, CHARACTERIZED in that the arhostrant walls (8) are located on the Warren beams with studs (2.2) where: - 2 bracing walls (8) are located covering a corner of the module (200); - The rest of the bracing walls (8) are located so that they are separated from the other bracing walls (8) by at least one Warren type beam with upright (2.2).

7. The kit according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the ceiling panels (9) consist of polystyrene panels.

8. The kit according to claims 2 to 4, CHARACTERIZED in that it also comprises a plurality of fire walls (11).

9. The kit according to claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED in that it also comprises a plurality of termination components (12).

10. The kit according to claims 1 to 14, CHARACTERIZED in that: - The long pillars (1.1) are 3 m high and 15.2 cm wide; - The short pillars (1 .2) are 2.75 m high and 15.2 cm wide; - Warren beams (2.1) are 2.9 m long and 40 cm wide; - Warren type beams with studs (2.2) are 2.9 m long and 40 cm wide; - The truss beams (3) are 2.9 m long, 15 cm high at their lowest end and 40 cm high at their highest end; - The ceiling beams (4) are 2.9 m long and 15 cm high; - The technical floors (5) are 299.2 x 99.73 cm; - The technical panels (7.1 .1 ) are 200.7 cm high and 39.4 cm long; and / or - The plain panels (7.1.2), the door panels (7.1.3) and the window panels (7.1.4) are 200.7 cm high and 18.1 cm long. 1 1. A building from a kit for the construction of buildings such as emergency housing, warehouses or others, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that: The 4 Warren type beams with uprights (2.2) are configured so that they form the base of the building, forming a quadrangular structure; The 2 long pillars (1.1) are located between the Warren beams with uprights (2.2), perpendicular to the ground; The 2 short pillars (1.2) are located between Warren type beams with studs (2.2), perpendicular to the ground, on one side opposite to the long pillars (1.1); Each truss beam (3) is arranged between a long pillar (1.1) and a short pillar (1.2), at its upper end, so that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short pillars (1.2) and the higher end to the long pillars (1.1); The Warren beam (2.1 ) is arranged between the two long pillars (1 .1 ) at its upper end; A roof beam (4) is arranged between the two short pillars (1 .2) at its upper end; and The other roof beam (4) is arranged between the two truss beams (3).

12. A building consisting of a dwelling, for example an emergency dwelling, according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED in that: - The 10 Warren type beams (2.2) are configured so that they form the base of the building, forming quadrangular structures that together have an “L” shape; - The 5 long pillars (1 .1 ) and the 3 short pillars (1 .2) are located between each Warren type beam with upright (2.2), perpendicular to the ground; - The 3 short pillars (1.2) are arranged on an outer side of the base, while the 5 long pillars (1.1) are located at the remaining intersections between the Warren with upright (2.2); - 3 truss beams (3) are joined to the long columns (1 .1 ) and the short columns (1 .2) at their upper end, such that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short columns (1.2). The remaining 2 truss beams are arranged between 2 long columns (1.1 ), aligned with the remaining truss beams (3), with their lower end in the same orientation; - The 3 Warren beams (2.1 ) are arranged between two long pillars (1 .1 ) at their upper end, perpendicular to the truss beams (3); - 2 roof beams (4) are arranged between the short pillars (1 .2), at their upper end; - The remaining 3 roof beams (4) are arranged between the truss beams (3); and - The wall panels (7) are located within the space formed between a Warren beam with studs (2.2) and two long (1.1) and / or short (1.2) pillars.

13. A building consisting of a dwelling, for example an emergency dwelling, according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED in that: - The 12 Warren type beams with uprights (2.2) are arranged so that they form the base of the building, forming a quadrangular structure divided in turn into 4 grids; - The 5 long pillars (1 .1 ) and the 3 short pillars (1 .2) are located between each Warren type beam with upright (2.2), perpendicular to the ground; - The 3 short pillars (1.2) are arranged on an outer side of the base, while the 6 long pillars (1.1) are located at the remaining intersections between the Warren with upright (2.2); - 3 truss beams (3) are joined to the long columns (1 .1 ) and the short columns (1 .2) at their upper end, so that the lower end of the truss beams (3) is joined to the short columns (1.2). The remaining 3 truss beams are arranged between 2 long columns (1.1 ), aligned with the remaining truss beams (3), with their lower end in the same orientation; - The 4 Warren beams (2.1 ) are arranged between two long pillars (1 .1 ) at their upper end, perpendicular to the truss beams (3); - 2 roof beams (4) are arranged between the short pillars (1 .2), at their upper end; - The remaining 4 roof beams (4) are arranged between the truss beams (3); and - The wall panels (7) are located within the space formed between a Warren beam with studs (2.2) and two long (1.1) and / or short (1.2) pillars.

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