Deep-stratum fluid-filled shaft chamber morphology-controlled excavation system and mining method

Abstract

The present application provides a deep-stratum fluid-filled shaft chamber morphology-controlled excavation system and a mining method. The system comprises: an extending operation device, an ore particle lifting system (700), and at least one process shaft (8000); the extending operation device comprises an extending excavation device (100) and / or an extending collection device (9000); the extending operation device can move along the process shaft (8000), and can be conveyed to an operation position through the process shaft (8000); and the extending excavation device (100) is used for implementing chamber excavation along the process shaft (8000); or the extending collection device (9000) is used for collecting or suctioning ore particles in the chamber along the process shaft (8000). By means of the present application, deep-stratum mining, subsea-stratum mining, and utilization of deep-stratum space resources can be achieved, and wide prospects are achieved.

Description

Deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system and mining method

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This invention claims priority from a Chinese invention patent with application number 202311870836.2, application date December 29, 2023, and title “Borehole-Cave Mining System and Borehole-Cave Mining Method”;

[0003] This invention claims priority from a Chinese invention patent with application number 202410471743.0, application date April 18, 2024, and title “A shaft expansion mining system and mining method”;

[0004] This invention claims priority from a Chinese invention patent with application number 202410946432.5, application date July 12, 2024, and title “A Stereoscopic Well Expansion Mining System and Mining Method”;

[0005] This invention claims priority from the Chinese invention patent with application number 202411393339.2, application date 2024.10.08, and invention title “A shaft-type secondary crushing mining method”;

[0006] This invention claims priority from the Chinese invention patent with application number 202411428707.2, application date 2024.10.12, and invention name “Wellbore controllable expansion granular flow mining system”. Technical Field

[0007] The present invention relates to the technical field of stratum excavation, and in particular to a deep stratum liquid-filled well and cave controllable form mining system and a mining method. Background Art

[0008] Since the beginning of the 21st century, society has experienced rapid development, with an ever-increasing pursuit of science, technology, and economics. The various tools and equipment required for production and daily life consume vast quantities of mineral resources. While cutting-edge technologies such as deep space and deep-sea exploration, basic scientific research, fusion devices, supercomputing power, and high-speed transportation have achieved remarkable success, the demand for precious metals and other rare elements has become increasingly urgent. The vast reserves of valuable mineral resources deep within the Earth's crust are crucial for future human survival and development, and a crucial support for humanity's technological dreams. Therefore, the field of geology and mining must keep pace with the times and advance deeper. However, developing mineral resources deep within the Earth presents a more complex, demanding, and unpredictable engineering and geological environment. Traditional mining technologies increase exponentially with increasing depth, leading to major accidents and development costs, making large-scale deep mineral development an impossible task. Therefore, a new technological system is urgently needed to effectively develop mineral resources within deep strata and the underlying ocean layers. This will not only be a crucial tool for promoting technological dreams and ensuring production and daily life, but will also serve as a crucial means of exploring the depths of the Earth.

[0009] Existing technology utilizes the shaft-and-tunnel method for underground solid mineral deposits. This involves transporting mining equipment down through vertical shafts, inclined tunnels, and horizontal tunnels. Mining takes place underground, and the ore is transported out using trucks or bucket trucks. However, as mining progresses deeper, more and more strata become unminable due to rock bursts, rockbursts, outbursts, roof collapses, collapses, and water seepage. Shaft-and-tunnel mining creates vast underground spaces, necessitating the use of complex support equipment. However, collapses can still occur when mining deep or soft strata, disrupting mining operations.

[0010] Extracting minerals from deep strata has long been a key focus of human industry. Existing technologies include underground gasification and other methods for surface development of coal, as well as high-pressure water jets to promote the fluidization of hydrates and transport them to the surface through wellbores. However, these methods are unable to directly exploit deep solid mineral deposits. Furthermore, when mining minerals in strata beneath water bodies, existing technologies primarily utilize coastal development methods, drilling vertical shafts on the shore and then excavating tunnels into the strata beneath the water. This essentially uses the vertical shaft and tunnel method to mine and transport ore, but this method cannot extend far into the ocean. Therefore, the industry urgently needs to develop a technology for mining deep minerals and minerals in strata beneath the ocean. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a controllable form mining system and mining method for deep formation liquid-filled wells, which realizes efficient crushing of ore in the chamber and wellbore transportation through the coordinated operation of a multi-degree-of-freedom controllable expansion mining device and an ore particle lifting system, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient development of solid mineral resources in deep formations, efficient development of solid mineral resources in marine overlying formations, and effective utilization of deep and near-shore underground space resources.

[0012] The present invention can be implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0013] The present invention provides a controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wells, comprising: an extended operation device, an ore particle lifting system, and at least one process well; the extended operation device comprises an extended mining device and / or an extended collection device;

[0014] The extended operation device can move along the process well, and the extended operation device can be transported to the operation position through the process well;

[0015] The extended excavation device is used to realize chamber excavation along the process well; or, the extended collection device is used to realize collection or absorption of ore particles in the chamber along the process well;

[0016] The ore particle lifting system is partially arranged in the process well, and the ore particles generated by the expansion operation device can be transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system; the ore particle lifting system includes a return flow channel, and the ore particles are transported outward through the return flow channel; one or more of the process wells are ore particle lifting process wells, and the return flow channel is arranged in the ore particle lifting process well;

[0017] At least one of the process wells is an equipment access well;

[0018] The expansion excavation device includes a crushing assembly and an expansion mechanism; the expansion mechanism is used to drive the crushing assembly to expand, so as to realize the contraction state and the expansion state of the expansion excavation device; the crushing assembly includes a power assembly and a crushing mechanism connected to the power assembly;

[0019] When the expansion mining device is in the retracted state it can be transported through the equipment access shaft.

[0020] The present invention provides a controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wells, comprising: an extended operation device, an ore particle lifting system, and at least one process well; the extended operation device comprises an extended mining device and / or an extended collection device;

[0021] The extended operation device can move along the process well, and the extended operation device can be transported to the operation position through the process well;

[0022] The extended excavation device is used to realize chamber excavation along the process well; or, the extended collection device is used to realize collection or absorption of ore particles in the chamber along the process well;

[0023] The ore particle lifting system is partially arranged in the process well, and the ore particles generated by the extended operation device can be transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system; the ore particle lifting system includes a return flow channel, and the ore particles are transported outward through the return flow channel; one or more of the process wells are ore particle lifting process wells, and the return flow channel is arranged in the ore particle lifting process well.

[0024] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system. The mining method includes the following steps:

[0025] Step S10: drilling a process well;

[0026] Step S20: placing an extended operating device at an operating position of the process well, wherein the ore particle lifting system is at least partially placed in the process well and connected to the extended mining device;

[0027] Step S30: the extended operation device starts to operate, and the ore particles are transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system.

[0028] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system. The mining method includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S10: drilling a process well;

[0030] Step S20: placing an extended operation device at the operation position of the process well to perform preliminary crushing;

[0031] Step S30: placing another extended operation device at the operating position of the process well for re-crushing, and placing at least part of the ore particle lifting system in the process well and connecting it to the extended mining device;

[0032] Step S40: the extended operation device starts to operate, and the ore particles are transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system.

[0033] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system includes a channel well connected to the mining location, a three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment that performs mining operations based on the channel well, a measurement and control device for realizing at least one function including measuring operation status parameters and controlling the operation of the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment, a power line for supplying energy to the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment, a shaft ore conveying device responsible for conveying ore, a travel module for driving the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment to move along the channel well, and a supporting fluid filled in the channel well. The three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment includes a device The main body and a three-dimensional expansion section for extending the mining range, one end of the three-dimensional expansion section is connected to the equipment body, and the other end is connected to the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly, the three-dimensional expansion section has a deflection module and / or a rotation module, the deflection module drives the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to move in a direction deviating from the axis of the channel well, and the rotation module drives the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to move around the channel well axis or the axis of the equipment body to drive the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to expand the mining range, the deflection module and the rotation module include an electric actuator, a hydraulic actuator or a pneumatic actuator for controllably performing the deflection action, and the three-dimensional expansion section is configured as follows:

[0034] The three-dimensional expansion section includes a mining arm body rotatably connected to the equipment body and at least one main mining arm connected to a mining assembly or a rock splitting assembly, the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly being arranged at the front end of the main mining arm, the mining arm body being rotatable around the axis of the passage shaft, a rotation control assembly for driving the mining arm body to rotate being provided between the mining arm body and the equipment body, an expansion control assembly for driving the main mining arm to move radially toward the passage shaft being connected between the mining arm body and the main mining arm, the expansion control assembly serving as a deflection module, and the rotation control assembly serving as a rotation module;

[0035] Alternatively, the three-dimensional extension section is a mining arm with two or more degrees of freedom, the three-dimensional extension section is connected to the equipment body by an articulated connection and / or a rotary connection, and at least two drive assemblies or at least one dual-axis drive assembly are further connected between the three-dimensional extension section and the equipment body, so as to realize the control of the two degrees of freedom of the three-dimensional extension section, and the total length of the three-dimensional extension section is greater than three times the diameter of the channel shaft, and the drive assembly serves as a deflection module and / or a rotary module;

[0036] Alternatively, the three-dimensional expansion segment includes at least two controllable sections connected in sequence, the controllable sections being fixedly connected in sequence, each of the controllable sections including a front portion and a rear portion that are controlled to rotate relative to each other, and an opening and closing control component and / or a joint control component that drives the controlled rotation of the front portion and the rear portion, the opening and closing control component and the joint control component both serving as a deflection module;

[0037] Alternatively, the three-dimensional expansion segment includes at least two controllable sections connected in sequence, and adjacent controllable sections are connected in sequence by means of hinged or rotational connections. The rear end of the three-dimensional expansion segment is further provided with an expansion control mechanism, and the expansion control mechanism includes a driver having at least two degrees of freedom control quantities, and the driver pulls the controllable sections of the three-dimensional expansion segment through a pulling force transmission structure to drive the three-dimensional expansion segment to achieve three-dimensional movement. The driver serves as a deflection module, and the pulling force transmission structure is a rope, belt or chain.

[0038] The travel module of the controllable deep formation fluid-filled well expansion mining system is a component of the equipment body, or the travel module is an independent module detachably connected to the equipment body.

[0039] The power line is arranged in the channel well and / or other process wells connected to the channel well.

[0040] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system. The mining method includes the following steps:

[0041] Step S10: transporting the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment to a mining location through a channel shaft;

[0042] Step S20: controlling the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment to excavate to form a chamber, and continuously injecting support fluid into the chamber;

[0043] Step S30: controlling the shaft ore transport device to continuously collect mined ore;

[0044] Step S40: moving the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment and repeating steps S20 to S30 to form a chamber group by mining;

[0045] Step S50: Fill each chamber after completing the mining operation.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] 1. It can safely and efficiently utilize fluid-filled wellbores to achieve three-dimensional controllable mining. During the mining process, a dual-degree-of-freedom or multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm is used to form a controlled mining shape. During the mining process along the wellbore, the "segmented strings" are further "grouped" to form a deep-stratum fluid-filled well cluster with a certain degree of structural stability. The controllable three-dimensional mining device achieved by the present invention can achieve "precision carving" in deep strata, eliminating the need for workers to go down the well to mine. At the same time, it cleverly utilizes the support fluid in the traffic well network to provide hydraulic support to the well wall, which can reduce damage to the strata during the mining process and reduce problems such as impact ground pressure, rock bursts, outbursts, roof falls, collapses, and water seepage during the mining process. It can achieve large-scale mining of deep minerals and minerals in strata beneath the ocean. Given the scattered distribution of metal deposits, this technology can gnaw on the deposits one cave after another, similar to the foraging of a "snake", achieving the goal of tunnel-free development.

[0048] 2. When the lateral extension section is used to realize three-dimensional controllable extended mining, the traffic well includes a channel well and several branch wells with controllable trajectories connected to the channel well. The lateral extension section and the extended mining mechanism are guided to move by the wellbore trajectory of the branch well. Moreover, the diameter of the branch well is relatively small. When the lateral extension section is extended into the branch well to carry out hole expansion and crushing operation, it makes full use of the guiding role of the branch well, can accurately crush in real time at the preset spatial position, and guide the extended mining device to accurately mine the ore in the deep formation. Moreover, based on the branch well network, mining is carried out by expanding the branch well space, which will not form concentrated goaf areas, and avoid concentrated goaf areas in the vertical shaft tunnel mining process. Therefore, the branch well is used as a means to extend the mining range, and the branch well is controllably expanded using an expansion arm. The mining process causes little damage to the rock formation, and can maximize contact with the ore body, fully mine the ore as much as possible, and expand to form tunnels or chambers as needed, thereby improving the ore recovery effect. In addition, the method of gradually expanding the branch wells of the present invention can facilitate the monitoring of stratum collapse, and since the damage to the stratum is relatively small, it can also achieve a larger range of three-dimensional extension.

[0049] Third, using a three-dimensional expansion mining method or a branch well guidance method, the rock splitting device achieves initial ore stripping. After being stripped from the stratum, the ore is processed by a re-crushing device to a controllable particle size, and then hoisted by the shaft. This can significantly reduce energy consumption in the mining of hard mineral deposits. The turning radius and distribution density of the branch wells are set, and directional branch well technology can be used to accurately extend and improve mining efficiency while keeping the post-mining tunnel diameter relatively controllable (0.5-5 meters).

[0050] 4. The equipment channel is connected between the wellhead and the mining position in the stratum. The detection equipment enters the mining position through the channel well, which can assist in observing the mining operation information in the chamber and assist the staff outside the well to carry out mining work. The extended mining device includes a crushing device for excavating ore and a travel module for driving the crushing device to move. The driving component is used to drive the equipment body and the extension arm of the crushing device to move in two degrees of freedom, that is, the mining face can be formed by moving in two free directions, and the mining working face with an area much larger than the cross-section of the channel well can be expanded, and the entire wall of the chamber can be mined smoothly.

[0051] The drive assembly can also control the overall retraction or expansion of the extended mining device, and switch between different states of mining work through the channel shaft. It can smoothly reach the mining location through the small-diameter channel shaft, and can carry out mining operations without personnel going down the shaft. It can adapt to the needs of mining in deep bottom layers and strata under the ocean, that is, it can go down to the sea and then into the ground to carry out mineral development; in addition, the present invention can develop small mineral deposits without the need for vertical shafts and tunnels, making small mineral deposits that originally could not achieve economic benefits have development value, which not only greatly reduces costs, but is also less susceptible to vibration, blasting or goaf.

[0052] 5. The use of a crushing power assembly and a driven crushing assembly to achieve rock crushing is more conducive to achieving a unified power source and a fully electric-driven deep mining system, avoiding the insertion of complex high-pressure fluid pipelines, hydraulic pipelines, pneumatic pipelines, etc. underground, and is conducive to achieving three-dimensional expanded mining in the form of multi-branch channel wells; in addition, the high efficiency of power transmission and the small space occupied help reduce the demand for wellbore space size, which is crucial for the shaft mining process.

[0053] 6. The excavation of a chamber in the well is achieved by a three-dimensional controllable expansion mining method through a controllable expansion mining arm. The shape of the chamber formed by mining can be controlled, and chambers with elliptical cross-sections, horseshoe cross-sections, and arched cross-sections can be formed according to ground stress conditions, so that the post-mining space shape and the mining position can be controlled. In addition, with the support of the high-pressure fluid in the well system, the chamber formed during the mining process can be naturally stable. Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a device and method for filling while mining, and the isolation and filling of the mining space and the filling space are achieved by moving the expansion filling device along the process well. The present invention uses the method of time-shifting the chamber to mine and fill at the same time, ensuring that there is only one moving chamber in real time, limiting the maximum cross-sectional area range and the range of the empty length, and ensuring the stability of deep mining.

[0054] 7. The present invention realizes mining in the form of a chamber group based on a wellbore, and therefore uses a wellbore to realize the transportation of ore particles. Therefore, the present invention realizes two-stage or even multi-stage crushing through an in-situ secondary crushing device, which can effectively control the particle size and block size of the crushed ore, and further can transport it in the form of a particle flow in the wellbore. The ore particle lifting system includes a return channel, which can realize the transportation of underground ore to the outside of the wellhead through the return channel under the drive of the ore particle lifting system. The reason why the return channel is set in the ore particle lifting process well is because the present invention is developed in a tunnel-free manner, so the chamber is formed based on the wellbore.

[0055] 8. If conventional reamer or reaming blades in the prior art are used to perform mining operations, the cutting torque increases with the extension of the blades until the torque is too large to break the rock. Therefore, when conventional reaming is used to perform mining operations, the reaming range is generally 5%-30% of the original wellbore, and in industrial applications it is only used to increase the surface area of ​​the oil-producing section or to facilitate cementing and sand control operations. If minerals are mined by reaming, it is far from reaching the threshold of industrial mining. Moreover, the original reaming device can only form a cylindrical chamber for mining, and it is impossible to achieve morphological control, and it is impossible to achieve better stress by adjusting the morphology under strong ground stress conditions.

[0056] 9. The present invention implements mineral mining based on liquid-filled wells. In the field of marine development, it is possible to first go into the sea and then into the ground to implement mining operations inside the strata below the ocean. This is essentially different and superior to the prior art of directly destroying the seabed to mine nodules and crusts. In the strata below the seabed, regardless of the depth, the present invention implements a method of mining solid minerals through wellbores, forming a controllable group of liquid-filled chambers during mining, which has good structural stability and can be carried out without damaging the seabed. Using the technology of the present invention to develop mineral resources inside the underlying strata of the ocean only requires opening a window on the seabed. The operation process can be completely isolated from the ocean water body through the watertight pipe and the wellbore, which can well protect the marine environment during the development process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] The following drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0058] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a deep formation fluid-filled well controllable mining system according to the present invention, which adopts a one-injection-one-drainage method;

[0059] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention using a double-walled pipe method;

[0060] FIG3 is a partial enlarged view of FIG2;

[0061] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a single-string, same-well injection-production method for a deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0062] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a controllable deep formation liquid-filled well mining system provided by the present invention, which adopts a dual-pipe injection and production method in the same wellbore;

[0063] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0064] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an extended mining device in a deep formation fluid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0065] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the extended mining device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0066] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the extended mining device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0067] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an extended collection device in a deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0068] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an extended mining device using a plug-in connection in a deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0069] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an extended mining device using a plug-in connection in a deep formation fluid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0070] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a controllable deep formation liquid-filled well mining system provided by the present invention;

[0071] FIG14 is a second structural diagram of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable form mining system provided by the present invention;

[0072] FIG15 is a third structural diagram of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0073] FIG16 is a fourth structural diagram of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0074] FIG17 is a fifth structural diagram of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable form mining system provided by the present invention;

[0075] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extended mining device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0076] FIG19 is a second structural schematic diagram of the extended mining device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0077] FIG20 is a third structural schematic diagram of the extended mining device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0078] FIG21 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the extended mining device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0079] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extended collection device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0080] FIG23 is a sixth structural diagram of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0081] FIG24 is a schematic diagram showing the location of the re-crushing device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0082] FIG25 is a schematic diagram of a mining state in a deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0083] FIG26 is a second schematic diagram of the mining state in the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0084] FIG27 is a third schematic diagram of the mining state in the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0085] FIG28 is a fourth schematic diagram of the mining state in the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0086] FIG29 is a fifth schematic diagram of the mining state in the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0087] FIG30 is a sixth schematic diagram of the mining state in the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0088] FIG31 is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the extended mining device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0089] FIG32 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the jet rock splitting assembly in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0090] FIG33 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional extension mechanism in a deep formation fluid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0091] FIG34 is a schematic diagram showing the location of the lateral extension section in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0092] FIG35 is a partial enlarged view of the location of the crushing mechanism in FIG33;

[0093] FIG36 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the location of the crushing mechanism in FIG33 ;

[0094] FIG37 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an expansion filling device in the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0095] FIG38 is a second structural schematic diagram of the expansion filling device in the deep formation liquid-filled well and tunnel controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0096] FIG39 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional expansion section in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0097] FIG40 is a partial enlarged view of a three-dimensional expansion section in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0098] FIG41 is a second structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional expansion section of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0099] FIG42 is a third structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional expansion section of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0100] FIG43 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional expansion section of the deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system provided by the present invention;

[0101] FIG44 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical ore particle lifting system in a deep formation fluid-filled well-cavity controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0102] FIG45 is a schematic diagram showing one configuration of an extended operation device in a deep formation fluid-filled well-tunnel controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0103] FIG46 is a second schematic diagram of the configuration of the extended operation device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable mining system provided by the present invention;

[0104] FIG47 is a third schematic diagram of the configuration of the extended operation device in the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0105] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0106] Option 1

[0107] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system (i.e., deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system), as shown in Figures 1-6, comprising: an extended operating device, an ore particle lifting system (i.e., a mineral material lifting system) 700, and at least one process well 8000. The extended operating device includes an extended mining device 100 and / or an extended collection device 9000.

[0108] The extended operation device can be transported to the operation starting position through the process well 8000, and the extended operation device can move along the process well 8000; as a better option, it generally operates step by step from the bottom of the well to the wellhead, that is, the extended operation device implements mining operations step by step in the direction of the wellhead through backfilling.

[0109] The extended excavation device 100 is used to realize excavation of the chamber along the process well 8000; or, the extended collection device 9000 is used to realize collection or absorption of the mineral material in the chamber along the process well;

[0110] The ore particle lifting system 700 is partially set in the process well 8000, and the ore generated by the extended operating device can be transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system 700; the ore particle lifting system 700 includes a return channel 8300, and the ore is transported outward through the return channel 8300; one or more of the process wells 8000 are ore lifting process wells, and the return channel 8300 is set in the ore lifting process well.

[0111] The extended working device is transported to the starting position via a pre-set process shaft 8000. The extended working device then moves along process shaft 8000, transporting ore material outward through flowback channel 8300, completing the mining process. While process shaft 8000 is relatively small, the extended working device can create a larger mining chamber, allowing mining in areas with larger cross-sections. This reduces the difficulty of mining in complex areas and improves mining efficiency.

[0112] The flowback channel 8300 includes the flowback channel 7100 passing through the mineral lifting process shaft 8000 or the annulus within the mineral lifting process shaft 8000 or the mineral lifting process shaft 8000 itself.

[0113] The ore particle hoisting system 700 employed in the present invention requires ore material with a diameter smaller than a certain scale, with an average diameter of at least less than 50 mm. The crushing mechanism can be used to crush ore on rock walls or working surfaces, as well as large fallen rocks in mines. The extended range of the extended mining device 100 can be seen in dimension D in Figure 4 . The ore material mined by the extended mining device 100 can be transported to the wellhead via the ore particle hoisting system 700.

[0114] The wellhead of process well 8000 is located on the surface or on an offshore platform. When process well 8000 is located on the surface, the internal diameter of process well 8000 is less than 2 meters, the vertical depth is greater than 100 meters, and the aspect ratio is greater than 100. When process well 8000 is located on an offshore platform, the internal diameter of process well 8000 is less than 2 meters, and process well 8000 includes at least 5 meters in seawater and at least another 20 meters in underwater strata. It should be noted that process well 8000 in the present invention does not necessarily refer to a specific process well 8000, but may be located in two or more process wells 8000. When the system is used for marine mining, it also includes a riser. The riser is part of the process well and is located above the process well. It is located between the seabed and sea level and is used to isolate the entire mining system from the marine environment.

[0115] This invention aims to address deep mining challenges, primarily by utilizing wellbore excavation. Therefore, it proposes a method of lifting ore using crushing combined with low-density particle flow. The advantages increase with deeper wells. Furthermore, a vertical depth greater than 200 meters for a process well 8000 refers to an operating chamber depth greater than 200 meters. 200 meters refers to the distance from the wellhead to the mine floor, or from the ground or sea surface to the mine. This depth is required for the low-density particle flow to achieve its lifting effect. Chambers can include mines, tunnels, and other areas.

[0116] It should be noted that a chamber includes underground spaces that are elongated, arched, quasi-circular, quasi-elliptical, or other irregularly shaped. A chamber can be formed by multiple independently mined chambers distributed along the axis of a process well, or a long, rectangular chamber formed by mining along the axis of a process well. For purposes of this disclosure, the long axis length of a chamber generally does not exceed the effective length of the portion of the process well that passes through the mineral deposit.

[0117] The present invention targets terrestrial deposits at a certain depth, deposits prone to collapse or water permeability in geological environments, or deposits within marine seabed formations. It is applicable to conditions prone to water permeability, rockbursts, roof collapse, and collapse. Using the wellbore as a communication channel, the extended mining device can use an expansion arm to drive the tunneling head to excavate a group of chambers, enabling ore collection. Furthermore, the ore particle lifting system can use fluid mixing to transport the ore to the wellhead via a flowback channel provided within the process well. Therefore, in the specific context of the present invention, the size and form of the process well 8000 are limited, specifically distinguishing it from mining methods using traditional tunnels and mining faces. Marine mining using the present invention is significantly different from existing seabed mining methods, primarily in that the mineral deposits mined are located within the seabed formation, not on the traditional seabed surface. The present invention provides a mining method and system that first goes underwater and then underground, significantly different from existing technologies. The entire mining operation system in the present invention does not need to be in contact with seawater, that is, it can be completely isolated from the marine environment through the watertight pipe.

[0118] The cross-sectional major axis of the extended mining device 100 is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 8000 with the largest diameter in the mine, so that the extended mining device 100 can be transported to the operation starting position through the process well 8000.

[0119] In the present invention, the starting position of the operation is generally at the bottom of the well or near the bottom of the well. Mining is achieved by extending the mining device 100 or the extended collection device 9000 in a reverse mining manner, which can avoid post-mining space collapse.

[0120] At least one process well is an equipment access well. In one embodiment, the expansion mining device 100 includes a crushing assembly 1100 and an expansion mechanism. The expansion mechanism is used to drive the crushing assembly 1100 to expand, thereby adjusting the expansion mining device 100 between a retracted state and an extended state. When the expansion mining device 100 is in the retracted state, it can be transported through the equipment access well. Specifically, when in the retracted state, the outer diameter of the expansion mining device 100 is smaller than the inner diameter of the at least one process well 8000.

[0121] In one embodiment, the expansion mechanism includes an expansion arm 12200 and a control mechanism 12400. The control mechanism 12400 is used to drive the expansion arm 12200 away from or toward the axis of the equipment access shaft. The crushing assembly 1100 includes a power assembly 1200 and a crushing mechanism, which is mounted on the expansion arm 12200. The power assembly 1200 provides rock-breaking power to the crushing mechanism underground. The control mechanism 12400 can be a hydraulic cylinder or other joint actuator.

[0122] In one embodiment, the extended mining device 100 also includes a base 12100, an extension arm 12200 is installed on the base 12100, and a crushing assembly 1100 is installed on the extension arm 12200. The control mechanism 12400 is arranged between the base 12100 and the extension arm 12200, and is used to drive the extension arm 12200 to achieve expansion. The extension arm 12200 can drive the crushing assembly 1100 to move relative to the base 12100.

[0123] In one embodiment, the crushing mechanism is a tunneling head, reamer, drill, or impact pick; the length of the extension arm 12200 is greater than three times the diameter of the equipment access shaft. In the present invention, conventional tunneling heads, reamers, transverse milling and excavation heads, and longitudinal milling and excavation heads are all considered tunneling heads. When the crushing assembly 1100 is a bolter, the power assembly 1200 is a fluid first motor 9300, and the crushing mechanism is a reamer, tunneling head, impact pick, or drill. The control mechanism 12400 is a joint actuator, specifically a hydraulic cylinder, electric cylinder, motor, or electric joint, which drives the expansion arm 12200 to open and close.

[0124] Furthermore, the extended mining device 100 can at least make the crushing assembly 1100 expand a distance greater than 3 times the radius of the process well 8000; the crushing assembly 1100 includes a power assembly 1200 and a crushing mechanism connected to the power assembly 1200, the crushing mechanism is a rotary crushing tool or an impact crushing tool, and when the crushing mechanism is a rotary crushing tool, the rotary crushing mechanism tool includes a reamer, a tunneling head or a cutting head, and the long axis of the cross section of the extended mining device perpendicular to its own length direction does not exceed 3 times the maximum diameter of the reamer, tunneling head or cutting head, the length of the extended arm 12200 is greater than 5 times the diameter of the reamer, tunneling head or cutting head, and the maximum diameter of the reamer, tunneling head or cutting head is 30%-95% of the diameter of the equipment channel well.

[0125] When the crushing mechanism is an impact crushing tool as shown in Figure 41, the impact crushing tool includes an impact pick or a drill tool, the long axis of the cross section of the extended mining device 100 perpendicular to its own length direction does not exceed 8 times the maximum diameter of the impact pick or the drill tool, and the length of the extended arm 12200 is greater than 10 times the diameter of the impact pick or the drill tool.

[0126] In one embodiment, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system includes a traction device. As shown in Figure 5, the traction device 200 also includes a power cable 12300. The power cable 12300 is arranged in front of the extended mining device 100 and is used to provide power for the extended mining device 100; the power assembly 1200 is connected to the power cable 12300 and is used to obtain electrical energy or pressure energy from the power cable 12300, and convert the electrical energy or pressure energy into mechanical energy to drive the crushing mechanism to break the rock.

[0127] In one embodiment, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable shape mining system includes a traction device connected to the expansion mining device, and the traction device includes a traction cable, a rigging or a traction rod.

[0128] In one embodiment, the process well 8000 extends vertically and horizontally, has a vertical depth greater than 200 meters, and a total depth greater than 300 meters. The equipment access well includes a well section extending into the mineral deposit. Furthermore, when the extended mining device 100 is in the extended state, the extension amplitude D of the expanded mining face can reach at least three times the diameter of the process well 8000.

[0129] 6 and 7 , the ore particle lifting system 700 has a material intake port 7300 located in front, on the side, or below the extended mining device 100. The material intake port 7300 may be directly or indirectly connected to the flowback channel 8300.

[0130] As shown in Figure 3, the flowback channel 8300 is connected to the excavation working face of the extended mining device 100 and is used to transport the ore produced by excavation out of the chamber. In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, the flowback channel 8300 extends in vertical and horizontal directions.

[0131] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, when the ore particle lifting system 700 is a pumping lifting system, the pumping lifting system also includes a mineral material pump 7200 arranged underground, and the mineral material pump 7200 is located in the middle or lower part of the return channel 8300. The outer diameter of the mineral material pump 7200 is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 8000 with the largest diameter in the mine.

[0132] The ore pump 7200 can be an impeller pump, a screw pump, a reciprocating pump, a diaphragm pump, or a jet pump. An impeller pump or a diaphragm pump is generally preferred. Impeller pumps include centrifugal pumps, diagonal flow pumps, and axial flow pumps. The ore pump 7200 can also be an electric submersible pump. Using an ore pump is advantageous when the ore particles are less than 30 mm hardness.

[0133] In another embodiment, when the ore particle lifting system 700 is a mixed lifting system, the mixed lifting system further includes a low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 and a low-density particle flow injection pump 7600 for conveying the low-density particle flow. The low-density particles are fluids containing microbubbles, fluids containing glass beads, or fluids containing any solid particles with a density lower than that of water. After the low-density particle flow is mixed with the ore, the overall density is reduced so that it can be returned from the return channel 8300. The low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 can be a low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 passing through the process well, or the annulus in the process well, or the process well itself. When the well depth is large, the present invention makes full use of the vertical depth of the chamber to reduce the density of the returned ore-containing particle flow, which can achieve a good lifting effect. When using this method, water needs to be injected into the chamber and the process well, which can give the mineral material a higher back pressure at the bottom of the well or in the chamber, forming a U-shaped tube effect with the particle flow in the return channel, so as to prompt the mineral material to be sucked into the return channel and returned to the wellhead after mixing with the low-density particle flow.

[0134] In one embodiment, the ore particle lifting system 7 includes a flowback channel 7100 and / or a low-density particle flow injection pipeline 7800 and / or an excavation working fluid injection pipeline;

[0135] The ore particle lifting system 700 also includes a pipe handling system or a pipe winding system, which is used to pull out or wind up the return channel 7100 and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe, so that the return channel 7100 and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe advance synchronously with the extended mining device 100.

[0136] When continuous tubing is used, the pipe can be directly raised and lowered through the pipe reeling system. When the pipeline is connected by multiple detachable pipe strings, the pipe handling system is used to achieve disassembly and assembly. The pipe handling system achieves disassembly and assembly of the pipeline by disassembling and assembling threads, bolts, or clips. The pipe handling system can connect or disassemble multiple sections of pipeline.

[0137] This invention targets deep-earth mining or subsurface mining. High ground pressure at depth makes it difficult to guarantee the long-term integrity of the mine. Therefore, a backward mining method is employed to maximize the protection of the extended mining apparatus 100 and the ore particle lifting system 700. This advantageously allows for post-mining chamber collapse, with at least one of the process shafts 8000 positioned along the forward direction of the extended mining apparatus 100.

[0138] In one embodiment, the ore particle lifting system 700 includes a return channel 7100, and the traction device 200 includes a traction device, which is arranged in front of the extended mining device 100 and is traction-connected to the extended mining device 100; the traction device is used to apply a forward pulling force to the extended mining device 100 to pull the extended mining device 100 forward along the process well 8000; the traction device is a pipeline; the traction device is the return channel 7100 and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipeline 7800 and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipeline.

[0139] The traction device utilizes a traction pipeline, integrated with the aforementioned fluid flow pipeline. This fully utilizes the pipeline to achieve the discharge of ore and simultaneously tow the extended mining device 100. The present invention's use of a traction device greatly facilitates fluid communication with the extended mining device 100. For example, when the excavation working fluid injection pipeline is used to tow the extended mining device 100, the extended mining device 100 can easily obtain circulating fluid. When the return channel 7100 is used to tow the extended mining device 100, the crushed ore can easily enter the return channel 7100 and be transported to the wellhead.

[0140] In one embodiment, a pipe laying machine for recovering the return channel 7100 is also included. The pipe laying machine is arranged outside the wellhead of the process well 8000, and drags the return channel 7100 in a manner of recovering the return channel 7100 from the top, so that the return channel 7100 can move forward together with the extended mining device 100.

[0141] In another embodiment, the power cable 12300 is independent of the ore particle hoisting system 700 and further includes a power cable reeling device 2100 .

[0142] In one embodiment, when the power cable 12300 is integrally connected to the return channel 7100 and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe, the pipe handling system or the pipe winding system is the power cable winding device 2100; the power cable 12300 is arranged in the return channel 7100 and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe, or, the power cable 12300 is arranged in the pipe wall of the return channel 7100 and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe, or, the power cable 12300 is fixed outside the pipe wall of the return channel 7100 and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe.

[0143] Specifically, when it is set in the pipe wall, it is equivalent to setting the cable in the wall thickness space of the pipe. The specific method is: when the pipe is a composite material pipe, the cable can be set in the pipe wall during the fiber winding process, or when the pipe is a metal pipe, a hole can be drilled in the pipe wall and the cable can be set in the hole.

[0144] In one embodiment, a flow channel 1300 is provided inside the crushing mechanism, and a port of the flow channel 1300 is used to spray fluid toward the extended mining device 100 or the rock near the crushing assembly 1100; the extended mining device 100 includes a booster pump 1400, which is connected to the flow channel 1300 provided inside the extended mining device 100, and the booster pump 1400 is used to pump the liquid in the chamber where the extended mining device 100 is located to the flow channel 1300.

[0145] In one embodiment, a flow channel 1300 is provided within the crushing mechanism. The port of the flow channel 1300 is used to inject fluid into the rock near the extended mining device 100 or the crushing assembly 1100. The deep formation fluid-filled well controllable shape mining system also includes a circulating fluid pump connected to the flow channel 1300 via a circulating fluid pipeline. The circulating fluid pump can be installed outside the wellhead.

[0146] In one embodiment, the ore particle lifting system 700 includes a re-crushing device 7400. The ore material is crushed by the re-crushing device 7400 and then transported to the return channel 7100. Furthermore, the re-crushing device 7400 includes a crushing unit, a pressure-resistant body, and a drive mechanism. The crushing unit is a jaw, cone, ball, or rod. The pressure-resistant body has an outer diameter of less than 2 meters and can pass through the process well 8000. The drive mechanism is an electric first motor 9300, a hydraulic first motor 9300, or a pneumatic first motor 9300. The re-crushing device 7400 can perform secondary crushing on the ore or rock crushed by the extended mining device 100, or it can directly crush fallen rocks in the mine. The secondary crushing device serves as a means of reducing the particle size of the crushed rock before entering the pipeline. Regardless of the crushing method selected in the present invention, the crushed rock facilitates smoother entry into the ore particle lifting system 700 and is lifted to the wellhead.

[0147] In one embodiment, the chamber and process well are filled with a density of 0.8-2.4 g / cm 3 The liquid is convenient for providing a certain back pressure for the ore particle lifting system 700. In addition, the injected liquid plays the role of supporting liquid, relying on the pressure of the liquid column to support the mine or assist in lifting the ore.

[0148] In one embodiment, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system includes at least two process wells 8000, which are interconnected, one process well 8000 is used to return mineral materials, and the other process well 8000 is used to inject low-density particle flow.

[0149] The "one injection, one discharge" system, as shown in Figure 1, includes two independent process wells 8000, each used to inject a low-density granular flow and discharge the ore. In this embodiment, each well 8000 provides a flowback channel 8300 and a low-density granular flow injection channel 8400. The process wells 8000 can be used directly as the injection or flowback channels 8300, or a low-density granular flow injection pipeline 7800 and a flowback channel 7100 can be installed in each well to serve as the injection or flowback channels 8300.

[0150] In one embodiment, at least one double-walled pipeline is provided in at least one process well 8000, and the double-walled pipeline includes an inner pipe and an outer pipe, wherein the interior of the inner pipe is used for returning mineral materials, and between the inner pipe and the outer pipe is a low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 for injecting low-density particle flow.

[0151] A "double-wall pipe" is used. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a concentric double-wall pipe is installed in the process well 8000. The double-wall pipe includes an inner pipe wall and an outer pipe wall. The inner pipe is a return channel 7100, forming a return channel 8300. The returned mineral material can be returned to the wellhead through the return channel 7100; a low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 is formed between the inner pipe wall and the outer pipe wall.

[0152] In one embodiment, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system includes at least one process well 8000 with casing completion, and a return channel 7100 is provided in the process well 8000 for returning mineral materials. The annular space between the return channel 7100 and the casing forms a low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 for injecting low-density particle flow.

[0153] The "single-string, same-well injection and production" system, as shown in FIG4 , includes at least one process well 8000 . A flowback channel 7100 is run into process well 8000 . Flowback channel 7100 is further referred to as flowback channel 8300 . The annular space between flowback channel 7100 and the casing or wellbore wall forms a low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 for injecting low-density particle flow. A low-density particle flow injection pump 7600 is connected to low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 . Flowback channel 7100 is connected to a low-density particle recovery device 7700 , located outside the wellhead and used to recover the particle flow returned from flowback channel 7100 along with the ore material.

[0154] In one embodiment, at least one process well 8000 is provided with at least one flowback channel 7100 and at least one low-density particle flow injection pipeline 7800 .

[0155] The "double pipe" system is used, as shown in Figure 5, and includes at least one process well 8000. A return channel 7100 and a low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 are set into the process well 8000. The return channel 7100 is a return channel 8300. The return channel 7100 and the low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800 form a low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 for injecting low-density particle flow. The low-density particle flow injection pump 7600 is connected to the low-density particle flow injection pipe 7800.

[0156] It should be noted that the flowback channel 8300 does not necessarily need to be in the form of a pipe. It is preferred to use the flowback channel 7100. The low-density particle flow injection channel 8400 can also be a pipe, and the excavation working fluid injection channel can also be a pipe.

[0157] In one embodiment, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable morphology mining system includes a low-density particle recovery device 7700. Low-density particle recovery device 7700 is a separator or flotation device that separates low-density particles using centrifugal force or buoyancy. As shown in Figures 1 and 4, low-density particle recovery device 7700 can be installed at the wellhead.

[0158] In one embodiment, the low-density particle flow excavation working fluid base fluid includes a viscosity enhancer, a shear enhancer, or bentonite; and the low-density particle flow excavation working fluid base fluid has a viscosity greater than that of water. Preferably, the low-density particle flow excavation working fluid base fluid has a viscosity greater than 20 seconds.

[0159] Option 2

[0160] The present invention provides a controllable form mining system for deep stratum liquid-filled wells, which includes: an extended mining device 100, a traction device 200, an ore particle lifting system 700 and a process well 8000, wherein the traction device 200 and the ore particle lifting system 700 are both connected to the extended mining device 100; the extended mining device 100 is arranged at the rear end of the process well 8000, and the traction device 200 and the ore particle lifting system 700 are partially arranged in the process well 8000. The traction device 200 is used to apply a forward pulling force to the extended mining device 100 to pull the extended mining device 100 forward along the process well 8000, and the mineral materials mined by the extended mining device 100 can be transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system 700.

[0161] The traction device 200 also includes a power cable 12300, which is arranged in front of the extended mining device 100 and is used to provide power or communication connection for the extended mining device 100; the crushing assembly 1100 includes a power assembly 1200 and a rock breaking mechanism. The power assembly 1200 is connected to the power cable 12300 and is used to obtain electrical energy or pressure energy from the power cable 12300, and convert the electrical energy or pressure energy into mechanical energy to drive the rock breaking mechanism. The rock breaking mechanism is a reamer, a drill tool, an impact pick, a reamer or a cutting knife.

[0162] By using the traction device 200 to pull the extended mining device 100, mining can be achieved with only the pre-drilled process well 8000. By applying a pulling force in front of the extended mining device 100, there is no need for a complex thrust system, which can maximize the space at the rear and eliminate the need to send the complex thrust system to the starting position of the excavation, thus reducing the difficulty of construction. Through the integrated forward-moving ore particle lifting system 700, synchronous chip removal is achieved to prevent ore accumulation and timely transport the mined ore to the wellhead, achieving the purpose of using the wellbore to carry out mining operations. In addition, for deep strata, submarine strata and other environments, as little equipment as possible is used to carry out mining operations using the process well 8000. The ore particle lifting system 700 is set in the front and moves forward with the extended mining device 100 under the traction of the traction device 200, which can prevent the collapse of the goaf or the impact of falling objects on the extended mining device 100 or the return of ore. The present invention can be applied to the excavation of hydropower tunnels, traffic tunnels, pipeline power grid tunnels, underground space construction, lanes, and mines, and can also be used for the excavation of chambers for mining, transportation, and storage.

[0163] The traction device 200 is disposed in front of the extended mining device 100 and can pull the extended mining device 100 forward. It also includes a power cable connected to the extended mining device 100. The crushing assembly 1100 includes a drive unit and a rotating crushing tool or an impact crushing tool connected to the drive unit. The rotating crushing tool includes a reamer, a driving head, or a cutting head, and the impact crushing tool includes a percussion pick or a drill. The major axis of the cross-section of the extended mining device 100 perpendicular to its length does not exceed three times the maximum diameter of the reamer, driving head, or cutting head, or eight times the maximum diameter of the percussion pick or drill. Furthermore, the length of the extension arm 12200 is greater than five times the diameter of the reamer, driving head, or cutting head, or greater than ten times the diameter of the percussion pick or drill. The internal diameter of the equipment access shaft is between 0.2 and 2 meters, and the length of the extension arm 12200 is greater than three times the diameter of the equipment access shaft. The control mechanism 12400 is a hydraulic piston or a first motor 9300, which is used to drive the expansion arm 12200 to achieve opening and closing movements.

[0164] In one embodiment, the extended mining device 100 includes a crushing assembly 1100 and a flow channel 1300. The port of the flow channel 1300 is used to inject fluid into the crushing assembly 1100 or rocks near the crushing assembly 1100 to reduce the temperature of the crushing assembly 1100 or the rocks to be crushed. Specifically, the extended mining device 100 includes the crushing assembly 1100 and a power assembly 1200. The crushing assembly 1100 may include a reamer, which may be a rotary reamer or an impact reamer. The power assembly 1200 includes a first electric motor 9300, a first hydraulic motor 9300, or a first pneumatic motor 9300.

[0165] Furthermore, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable morphology mining system includes a circulating liquid pump and a circulating liquid pipeline, and the circulating liquid pump is connected to the flow channel 1300 through the circulating liquid pipeline. Specifically, the output end of the circulating liquid pump is interconnected with the input end of the circulating liquid pipeline, and the output end of the circulating liquid pipeline is interconnected with the flow channel 1300 inside the crushing assembly 1100.

[0166] In one embodiment, the circulating fluid pipeline includes a fluid supply string, which is at least partially disposed within the process well 8000. The string can be drill pipe, coiled tubing, composite tubing, or armored hose. In another embodiment, the process well 8000 itself constitutes part or all of the circulating fluid pipeline. The process well 8000 housing the traction device 200 can be the same process well 8000 as the process well 8000 housing the circulating fluid pipeline or the process well 8000 constituting the circulating fluid pipeline. Preferably, at least one traction device 200 and the circulating fluid pipeline are located in the same process well 8000.

[0167] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG7 , the extended mining device 100 includes a booster pump 1400 connected to the flow channel 1300. The booster pump 1400 is used to pump the liquid at the bottom of the channel created by the extended mining device 100 into the flow channel 1300. The booster pump 1400 can be installed at the bottom of the well to directly pump the drilling fluid at the bottom of the well into the flow channel 1300 to cool the crushing assembly 1100.

[0168] In one embodiment, the system includes a process well 8000 arranged along the forward digging direction of the extended mining device 100, a return channel 7100 is provided through the process well 8000, and the end of the return channel 7100 is connected to the front of the extended mining device 100 for recovering the mineral materials produced by the mining of the extended mining device 100.

[0169] The ore particle hoisting system 700 is located in front of the extended mining apparatus 100 and moves with the extended mining apparatus 100. The ore particle hoisting system 700 includes a flowback channel 7100, and the traction device 200 includes a traction device. The flowback channel 7100 and the traction device are integrated into one structure. The ore particle hoisting system 700 can act as the traction device 200, applying a pulling force to the extended mining apparatus 100. At least one flowback channel 7100 and at least one traction device are integrated into one structure and are arranged in the same process well 8000. A pipe rack for recovering the flowback channel 7100 is also included. The pipe rack is located outside the wellhead of the process well 8000 and drags the flowback channel 7100 by recovering it from the top, allowing it to advance with the extended mining apparatus 100.

[0170] In one embodiment, at least one process well 8000 itself serves as the flowback channel 7100 . For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , one process well 8000 itself serves as a section of the flowback channel 7100 .

[0171] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG7 , an ore particle lifting system 700 includes a flowback channel 7100 and a material pump 7200. The material pump 7200 is mounted on the extended mining device 100 and connected to the flowback channel 7100. The material pump 7200 is used to increase the velocity or pressure of the circulating fluid containing the material, facilitating its discharge through the flowback channel 7100. The material pump 7200 can be a centrifugal pump, impeller pump, screw pump, or diaphragm pump. As shown in FIG7 , the material is drawn in through a material intake port 7300 and delivered to the wellhead by the material pump 7200. The material pump 7200 can be an electric submersible pump.

[0172] In one embodiment, the ore particle lifting system 700 includes a re-crushing device 7400. The ore is crushed by the re-crushing device 7400 and then transported to the return channel 7100. The re-crushing device 7400 is used to further crush the mined rock to facilitate pipeline transportation.

[0173] In one embodiment, the traction device 200 includes a traction tool, and the traction tool includes a traction cable, a rigging, or a traction rod.

[0174] In one embodiment, the process well 8000 includes a connected horizontal well section 8100 and a communication well section 8200. As shown in FIG1 , the communication well section 8200 is a vertical shaft extending to the surface. As the extended mining device 100 advances, the power cable 12300 is reeled in by the power cable reeling device 2100. The power cable reeling device 2100 does not need to be located underground, facilitating its installation.

[0175] As shown in Figure 5, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system includes a power cable reeling device 2100, which is arranged at the outlet of the communicating well section 8200. The traction device can pass through the horizontal well section 8100 and the communicating well section 8200 and then be connected to the power cable reeling device 2100.

[0176] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the extended mining device 100 includes a base 12100, a crushing assembly 1100, and an expansion arm 12200. The expansion arm 12200 is mounted on the base 12100, and the crushing assembly 1100 is mounted on the expansion arm 12200. The expansion arm 12200 is capable of driving the crushing assembly 1100 relative to the base 12100. The crushing assembly 1100 is hingedly connected to the base 12100, and the expansion arm 12200 serves as an expansion mechanism, extending the mining range of the crushing assembly 1100. It should be noted that the base is a component of the equipment used to secure the extended mining device and does not represent any special function. All components of the extended mining device other than the mining arm can be considered the base. The base can be secured to the extended mining device by supporting legs or inserted into a process well.

[0177] The specific implementation method of the extended operation device described in this embodiment is to achieve extended mining operations through an articulated connection. Technical solutions for achieving extended operations through other methods also belong to the extended operation device described in the present invention.

[0178] In one embodiment, the expansion working device is an expansion working device connected by a hinge structure, as shown in FIG6 to FIG8 , the expansion arm 12200 and the base 12100 are connected by a hinge structure.

[0179] As another equivalent alternative, as shown in Figures 11-12, the expansion arm 12200 is connected to the base 12100 via a plug-in mechanism 1500. During operation, the expansion arm 12200 and the base 12100 can be lowered sequentially, and the base 12100 and the expansion arm 12200 can be plugged and connected at the bottom of the well via the plug-in mechanism 1500. The present invention achieves equipment transfer through an equipment access shaft, which itself limits the size of the equipment. Connecting the various components of the expansion mining device through the plug-in mechanism 1500 can fully utilize the space in the equipment access shaft, allowing the relatively larger expansion arm 12200 to be lowered even when the diameter of the equipment access shaft is limited.

[0180] Process well 8000 is drilled by using a directional drilling device. The directional drilling operation needs to be carried out according to the designed trajectory of the chamber.

[0181] There can be one or more process wells 8000. There can be one or more traction devices 200 and ore particle hoisting systems 700. The traction devices 200, ore particle hoisting systems 700, and liquid supply pipelines can be installed in different process wells 8000. Preferably, to ensure more stable traction, at least two to four parallel process wells 8000 are required for installing the traction devices 200. The trajectory of the process wells 8000 should match the designed trajectory of the chamber.

[0182] Option 3

[0183] The present invention provides a controllable morphology mining system for deep-stratum liquid-filled wells. FIG9 shows a partial top view thereof. At least two expansion arms 12200 are provided on either side of a base 12100. Each expansion arm 12200 is equipped with a crushing assembly 1100, each driven by an independent power assembly 1200 for crushing ore. A flowback channel 7100 is provided in front of the base 12100 and serves as a traction device 200 for traction. A mineral material collector 7500 is provided at the rear of the base 12100 for collecting mineral material. The mineral material collected by the mineral material collector 7500 is drawn into the flowback channel 7100 through a mineral material intake port 7300 and is then pumped to the wellhead by a mineral material pump 7200.

[0184] The pulling device 200 may be a casing or a drill pipe, and the power cable reeling device 2100 may be a pipe laying machine. The mineral material pump 7200 may be a diaphragm pump, a vane pump, or a centrifugal pump.

[0185] Option 4

[0186] The present invention provides a controllable mining system for deep-stratum fluid-filled wells, a partial schematic diagram of which is shown in Figure 10. The extended operating device in this embodiment is an extended collection device 9000, which includes an extended collection assembly 9100 and a collection arm 9400. The collection assembly is mounted on the collection arm, and a control mechanism is used to drive the collection arm to expand. The collection assembly includes one or more of a rake, a suction device 9200, a suction pipe, a shovel, or a bucket.

[0187] In one embodiment, a suction device 9200 is used to scrape the ore and draw it into a collection arm 9400. A first motor 9300 is also located at the rear of the collection device 9200 and is in transmission connection with the collection device 9200 to agitate the ore for easy aspiration or collection. The collection arm 9400 is provided with a through-channel, within which an ore suction pipe 9500 is disposed, communicating with the flowback channel 8300.

[0188] Plan 5

[0189] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system, as shown in Figures 13 to 38, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system includes: an extended operating device, an ore particle lifting system 90 and at least one process well 16; the extended operating device includes an extended mining device and / or an extended collection device; wherein the extended operating device can move along the process well 16, and the extended operating device can be transported to the operating position through the process well 16; the extended mining device is used to realize the excavation of the chamber 121 along the process well 16; or the extended collection device is used to realize the collection or absorption of ore particles in the chamber 121 along the process well 16; the ore particle lifting system 90 is partially set in the process well 16, and the extended operating device The generated ore particles can be transported to the wellhead 15 through the ore particle lifting system 90; the ore particle lifting system 90 includes a return channel 14, and the ore particles are transported outward through the return channel 14; one or more of the process wells 16 are ore particle lifting process wells, and the return channel 14 is arranged in the ore particle lifting process well; in the present invention, the wellhead of the process well 16 is located on the surface or on an offshore platform; when the wellhead of the process well 16 is located on the surface, the inner diameter of the process well 16 is less than 2 meters, the vertical depth is greater than 100 meters and the aspect ratio is greater than 100; when the wellhead of the process well 16 is located on an offshore platform, the inner diameter of the process well 16 is less than 2 meters, and the process well 16 is at least 5 meters in seawater and at least another 20 meters in underwater formations.

[0190] In this embodiment, the portion of the ore particle lifting system 90 disposed in the process well 16 includes at least the aforementioned flowback channel 14. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the process well 16 has well sections extending in the vertical and horizontal directions. The vertical depth and horizontal displacement of the process well 16 are both greater than 100 meters, and the total depth is greater than 300 meters. The process well 16 includes a channel well 1, and the channel well 1 includes a well section penetrating the interior of the mineral deposit. The flowback channel 14 also has well sections extending in the vertical and horizontal directions. It should be noted that when the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable form mining system is used for marine mining, it should also include a watertight pipe. The watertight pipe is a portion of the process well 16 and is located above the process well 16. The watertight pipe is disposed in the interval from the seabed to the sea level. The watertight pipe is used to isolate the entire deep formation fluid-filled well controllable form mining system from the marine environment.

[0191] It should be noted that when there is only one process well 16, it serves as the sole access channel for ore pellet production and must be used as an ore pellet hoisting process well. It can be temporarily used to lower equipment when it is necessary to raise or lower the expanded mining equipment. When there are two or more process wells 16, it is more preferable to use one process well 16 as a dedicated access well and the other process well 16 as a dedicated ore pellet hoisting process well.

[0192] In the present invention, the chamber 121 and the process well 16 are filled with a fluid having liquid properties, so that the crushed ore particles are discharged in the form of a particle flow. The fluid filled in the chamber 121 and the process well 16 is a liquid, and the density of the liquid is 0.8-2.4g / cm 3 .

[0193] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the extended operation device also includes: a measurement module for measuring, sensing or detecting mining operations or collection operations; a control module for controlling the operation of the extended operation device; the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system also includes a power line 213 for obtaining energy for the extended operation device; the power line 213 is arranged in the process well 16, and the two ends of the power line 213 can be respectively connected to the extended operation device and the power supply outside the wellhead when supplying power to the extended operation device; the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system also includes a communication device for obtaining mining operation information outside the wellhead, and the communication device includes a wireless communication device and / or a communication line and / or a power line.

[0194] In this embodiment, the extended operation device is pre-connected to the power line before being lowered into the process well 16. Alternatively, after the extended operation device is lowered, the extended operation device is connected to the power line underground. When a wireless communication device is used, wireless communication terminals are respectively provided at the extended operation device and outside the wellhead. When communication is performed via a communication line, the two ends of the communication line can be connected to the communication terminal inside the extended operation device and the communication terminal outside the wellhead, respectively. When the power line is used as the communication line, a modulation device and a demodulation device are also required to modulate the communication signal into the power line and demodulate the communication signal from the power line.

[0195] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, at least one process well 16 is an equipment access well; the extended mining device includes a crushing assembly and an expansion assembly; the expansion assembly is used to drive the crushing assembly to expand, so as to realize the contracted state and the expanded state of the extended mining device; the crushing assembly includes a power assembly and a crushing mechanism connected to the power assembly; when the extended mining device is in the contracted state, it can be transported through the equipment access well.

[0196] Among them, when there is only one process well 16, the return channel 14 is located in the process well 16, and the process well 16 is also used as an equipment channel well; when lifting and lowering equipment, the process well 16 is used as a channel well; or, when there are at least two process wells 16, one of the process wells 16 is used as a channel well, and the channel well has a through channel for lifting or lowering the above-mentioned extended mining device, and the other process well 16 is an ore particle lifting process well, and the above-mentioned ore particle lifting system 90 is arranged in the ore particle lifting process well.

[0197] As shown in Figures 13 to 17, when there is only one process well 16, the process well is used as both an ore particle lifting process well and a lifting and lowering equipment. Through the preset process well 16, the extended operating device can be transported to the starting position of the operation. The extended operating device moves along the process well 16, and the ore particles are transported outward through the return channel 14 to realize mining. The process well 16 is relatively small, and through the extended operating device, a chamber with a larger mining working face can be formed, so that mining can be carried out in areas with relatively large cross-sections, which not only reduces the difficulty of mining in complex areas, but also helps to improve mining efficiency. The return channel 14 includes a return channel 14 passing through the ore particle lifting process well 16 or an annulus in the ore particle lifting process well 16 or the ore particle lifting process well 16 itself. The chamber formed after three-dimensional expansion of a branch shaft is defined as a chamber. A shaft conveyor system transports mined ore to the wellhead via a passageway. Alternatively, a traffic shaft may also include a drainage shaft connected to the chamber, passageway, or branch shaft. The ore conveyor system transports mined ore to the wellhead via the drainage shaft. The ore conveyor system includes pipe strings and other ore-conveying pipes, or pumps that drive fluid flow within the shaft chamber.

[0198] The ore particle hoisting system 90 employed in the present invention requires ore particles to be smaller than a certain size, with an average diameter of at least less than 50 mm. The crushing assembly can be used to crush ore on rock walls or working surfaces, as well as large fallen rocks in mines. Ore particles produced by the extended mining device can be transported to the wellhead via the ore particle hoisting system 90.

[0199] The wellhead of the process well 16 is located on the surface or on an offshore platform. When the process well 16 is located on the surface, the inner diameter of the process well 16 is less than 2 meters, the vertical depth is greater than 100 meters, and the aspect ratio is greater than 100. When the wellhead of the process well 16 is located on an offshore platform, the inner diameter of the process well 16 is less than 2 meters, and the process well 16 includes at least 5 meters in seawater and at least another 20 meters in underwater strata. It should be noted that the process well 16 in the present invention does not necessarily refer to a specific process well 16, and may also be located in two or more process wells 16. When the system is used for marine mining, it should also include a riser. The riser is part of the process well and is located above the process well. It is located between the seabed and sea level and is used to isolate the entire mining system from the marine environment.

[0200] This invention aims to address deep mining challenges, primarily proposing the use of wellbore excavation. Therefore, it proposes a method of lifting ore particles using crushing combined with low-density particle flow. The advantages increase with deeper wells. Furthermore, a vertical depth of greater than 200 meters for process well 16 refers to an operating chamber depth greater than 200 meters. 200 meters refers to the distance from the wellhead to the mine floor, or from the ground or sea surface to the mine. This depth is required for the low-density particle flow to achieve its lifting effect. Chambers can include mines, tunnels, and other structures.

[0201] It should be noted that a chamber includes underground spaces that are elongated, arched, quasi-circular, quasi-elliptical, or other irregularly shaped. A chamber can be formed by multiple independently mined chambers distributed along the axis of a process well, or a long, rectangular chamber formed by mining along the axis of a process well. For purposes of this invention, the long axis length of a chamber generally does not exceed the effective length of the portion of the process well that passes through the mineral deposit.

[0202] The present invention targets terrestrial deposits at a certain depth, deposits prone to collapse or water permeability in geological environments, or deposits within marine seabed formations. It is applicable to conditions prone to water permeability, rockbursts, roof collapse, and collapse. By utilizing the wellbore as a communication channel, the expanded mining device can use an expansion arm to drive the tunneling head to excavate a group of chambers, enabling ore collection. Furthermore, the ore particle lifting system 90 can use fluid mixing to transport the ore to the wellhead via a flowback channel provided within the process well. Therefore, within the specific context of the present invention, the size and form of the process well 16 are limited, specifically distinguishing it from mining methods using traditional tunnels and mining faces. Marine mining using the present invention is significantly different from existing seabed mining methods, primarily in that the minerals mined by this technology are located within the seabed formation, not on the traditional seabed surface. The present invention provides a mining method and system that first goes into the sea and then into the ground, significantly different from existing technologies. The entire mining operation system in the present invention does not need to be in contact with seawater, that is, it can be completely isolated from the marine environment through the watertight pipe.

[0203] The cross-sectional major axis of the extended mining device 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16 with the largest diameter in the mine, so that the extended mining device 1 can be transported to the operation starting position through the process well 16.

[0204] In the present invention, the starting position of the operation is generally at or near the bottom of the well, and mining is achieved by extending the mining device or the extended collection device in a reverse mining manner, which can avoid post-mining space collapse.

[0205] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the expansion assembly includes an expansion arm 122 and a control mechanism 124. The control mechanism 124 is used to drive the expansion arm 122 away from or close to the axis of the channel shaft; the crushing assembly 11 is mounted on the expansion arm 122; the length of the expansion arm 122 is greater than 3 times the diameter of the channel shaft. When the expansion mining device is in the expanded state, the expansion amplitude D (shown in Figure 16) of the expanded mining working face can reach more than 3 times the diameter of the process shaft. Among them, the power assembly 12 provides rock-breaking power for the crushing assembly 11 underground; the control mechanism 124 can adopt a hydraulic cylinder or other joint actuator.

[0206] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the extended mining device also includes an equipment body 21, an extension arm 122 is installed on the equipment body 21, and the crushing assembly 11 is installed on the extension arm 122. The control mechanism 124 is arranged between the equipment body 21 and the extension arm 122, and is used to drive the extension arm 122 to achieve expansion. The extension arm 122 can drive the crushing assembly 11 to move relative to the equipment body 21.

[0207] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the crushing assembly 11 is a tunneling head, reamer, drill, or impact pick, and the length of the extension arm 122 is greater than three times the diameter of the access shaft. In the present invention, conventional tunneling heads, reamers, transverse milling and excavation heads, and longitudinal milling and excavation heads are all considered tunneling heads. When the crushing assembly 11 is a bolter, the power assembly 12 is a fluid motor, and the crushing assembly is a reamer, tunneling head, impact pick, or drill. The control mechanism 124 is a joint actuator, specifically a hydraulic cylinder, electric cylinder, motor, or electric joint, which is used to drive the extension arm 122 to achieve opening and closing movement.

[0208] When the crushing assembly 11 is an impact crushing tool, the impact crushing tool includes an impact pick or a drill, the long axis of the cross section of the extended mining device perpendicular to its own length direction does not exceed 8 times the maximum diameter of the impact pick or the drill, and the length of the extension arm 122 is greater than 10 times the diameter of the impact pick or the drill.

[0209] In one embodiment, the deep formation fluid-filled wellbore controllable mining system preferably includes a traction device, including a traction apparatus. The traction apparatus is disposed between the extended mining apparatus and the wellhead and is traction-connected to the extended mining apparatus. The traction apparatus is configured to apply a forward or backward pulling force to the extended mining apparatus to pull the extended mining apparatus forward or backward along the process well. The traction apparatus may be, but is not limited to, a pipe, a tubing string, or a flexible tubing string. The traction apparatus is configured to inject fluid into the chamber to circulate ore particles out of the wellhead, including both forward and reverse circulation methods.

[0210] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the extended working device includes an extended working device connected by a hinged structure, or an extended working device plugged and assembled by a plug-in mechanism.

[0211] Furthermore, the extended operating device includes an equipment body, which includes a plurality of sections hingedly connected to each other, with controllable hinge structures and / or freely movable hinge structures provided between each section; and a travel assembly is provided on the equipment body.

[0212] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 15 to 19, the extended mining device includes a device body and an extension assembly for extending the mining range. The extension assembly includes an extension arm 122 and a control mechanism 124. One end of the extension arm 122 is connected to the device body, and a crushing assembly is provided at the front or side of the extension arm 122. The control mechanism 124 includes an electric actuator, a hydraulic actuator, or a pneumatic actuator for controllably performing a deflection action.

[0213] The extension assembly is configured as follows: the extension assembly includes a mining arm body rotatably connected to the equipment body and at least one main mining arm connected to a mining assembly or a rock splitting assembly, the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly is arranged at the front of the main mining arm, the mining arm body can rotate around the axis of the process well, a rotation control component is provided between the mining arm body and the equipment body for driving the mining arm body to rotate, an extension control component is connected between the mining arm body and the main mining arm for driving the main mining arm to move radially toward the process well, the extension control component serves as a deflection module, and the rotation control component serves as a rotation module;

[0214] Alternatively, the extension assembly is a dual-degree-of-freedom or multi-degree-of-freedom control mechanism capable of driving the extension arm 122 to achieve at least dual-degree-of-freedom movement relative to the device body, and the extension arm 122 is connected to the device body via an articulated connection and / or a rotational connection;

[0215] Alternatively, the expansion assembly includes at least two controllable sections connected in sequence, wherein the controllable sections are connected in sequence, and each controllable section includes a front portion and a rear portion that are controlled to rotate relative to each other, and an opening and closing control component or a joint control component that drives the front portion and the rear portion to rotate in a controlled manner, wherein the opening and closing control component and / or the joint control component serve as a deflection module;

[0216] Alternatively, the expansion assembly includes an expansion arm 122 consisting of at least two controllable sections connected in sequence, and adjacent controllable sections are connected in sequence by means of hinged or rotational connections. A control mechanism 124 is further provided at the rear end of the expansion arm 122. The control mechanism 124 includes a driver with at least two degrees of freedom control. The driver pulls the controllable section through a pulling force transmission structure to drive the expansion arm 122 to achieve three-dimensional motion. The driver serves as a deflection module, and the pulling force transmission structure is a rope, belt or chain.

[0217] Power lines are provided in the process well and / or other wells connected to the process well.

[0218] In this embodiment, the expansion assembly has a deflection module and / or a rotation module. The deflection module drives the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to move in a direction away from the axis of the channel shaft, and the rotation module drives the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to move around the axis of the channel shaft or the axis of the equipment body, so as to drive the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to expand the mining range. Since the expanded mining device must have the ability to pass through the wellbore, the expansion assembly controls the expanded mining device as a whole to switch between the folded and unfolded states or controls the expanded mining device to achieve a larger range of mining operations and to fold in the process of pulling out of the well or going into the bottom of the well, that is, to switch between a first state of passing through the process well and a second state of performing mining work.

[0219] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 17 to 19 , the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable morphology mining system includes a plurality of branch wells connected to the process well 16;

[0220] The expansion operation device includes a crushing assembly, an expansion assembly, and an equipment body inserted into the branch shaft for mining operations. The expansion assembly includes a front-end expansion assembly and a lateral extension section. The front-end expansion assembly is used to drive the crushing assembly to extend in the branch shaft and to stretch and / or adjust the direction in the branch shaft.

[0221] The curvature of the connecting section between the branch well and the process well is greater than 1° / m, and the expansion assembly is connected to the equipment body through the lateral extension section, which includes a flexible pipe string or a plurality of articulated short sections articulated in sequence.

[0222] The configuration of the front-end extension assembly is as follows:

[0223] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the front-end expansion assembly includes an expansion arm 122 and a control mechanism 124 that drives the expansion arm 122 to move. The expansion arm 122 is connected to the front end of the lateral extension section, and the crushing assembly 11 is connected to the front end of the expansion arm 122. Under the action of the drive mechanism, the two ends of the expansion arm 122 move relative to each other in a direction away from the axis of the branch well to achieve extended mining.

[0224] The chamber formed after the three-dimensional expansion mining operation of the branch well is a cavern, and the ore particle lifting system 90 also includes a shaft ore conveying device, which conveys the mined ore to the outside of the wellhead through the channel well, or the process well 16 also includes a discharge well connected to the cavern, the channel well and / or the branch well, and the shaft ore conveying device conveys the mined ore to the outside of the wellhead through the discharge well.

[0225] Furthermore, the rock splitting assembly is disposed on the expansion assembly, which is also provided with at least two control mechanisms 124 or dual-degree-of-freedom control mechanisms that drive the movement of the expansion arm 122. The crushing assembly 11 is disposed in front of or on the side of the expansion arm 122. Under the action of the control mechanism 124, the expansion arm 122 moves relative to the branch shaft in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the branch shaft, thereby driving the crushing assembly 11 to accurately crush the ore around the branch shaft. As shown in FIG24 , when the crushing assembly 11 is arranged on the side of the expansion arm 122, the crushing assembly 11 is preferably a reciprocating cutting saw, which can be driven by a crushing power assembly. The crushing power assembly is a reciprocating electric power assembly or a reciprocating hydraulic power assembly, and the power circuit is an electric circuit, a high-pressure fluid circuit, and / or a hydraulic circuit. The reciprocating cutting saw reciprocates and crushes the ore under the drive of the crushing power assembly. When the crushing assembly 11 is a chain saw, the crushing power assembly is an electric motor or hydraulic motor, and the power circuit is an electric circuit, a high-pressure fluid circuit, and / or a hydraulic circuit. The chain saw is driven by the crushing power assembly to cut and crush the ore. Alternatively, when the crushing assembly 11 is positioned on the side of the extension arm 122, the crushing assembly 11 is preferably a chain cutter head. The crushing power assembly is an electric motor or hydraulic motor, and the power circuit is an electric circuit, a high-pressure fluid circuit, and / or a hydraulic circuit. The chain cutter head is driven by the crushing power assembly to continuously cycle and crush the ore.

[0226] Furthermore, the extended mining device includes a mining assembly that performs mining in the form of rotary cutting. A rotatable transmission shaft or a drivable chain is provided in the extended assembly or the lateral extension section. The power assembly drives the crushing assembly 11 to operate by driving the transmission shaft to rotate or driving the chain.

[0227] Furthermore, a fixing device or a supporting device is provided at the connection between the extension arm 122 and the lateral extension section, for providing fixed support for the extension arm 122 .

[0228] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the lateral extension section includes a plurality of short sections connected by hinged structures, wherein, from front to back, they are a crushing assembly, a controllable short section, and an uncontrolled short section, and a fixing device or a supporting device is provided near the junction of the controllable short section and the uncontrolled short section.

[0229] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the expansion assembly includes a plurality of short sections connected by hinged structures, each of which is provided with an angle locking mechanism; the angle locking mechanism can lock the hinged structure to maintain the stability of the expansion arm 122. The expansion mining device includes a device body, a lateral extension section, an expansion arm 122, and a crushing assembly 11; the lateral extension section includes a plurality of short sections connected by hinged structures, each of which is provided with an angle locking mechanism; when the lateral extension section enters the branch well, the angle locking mechanism can lock the hinged structure to maintain the stability of the lateral extension section.

[0230] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG20 , the extended mining device includes an equipment body, a lateral extension section, an extension arm 122, and a crushing assembly 11; the lateral extension section includes a short section connected by a plurality of hinged structures, and an angle locking mechanism 226 is provided at the hinged structure; when the lateral extension section enters the branch well, the angle locking mechanism 226 can lock the hinged structure to keep the arm shape of the lateral extension section stable. The angle locking mechanism 226 includes a locking actuator 2261 and a locking slot 2262, and the locking actuator 2261 can be controllably inserted into or withdrawn from the locking slot 2262. When the lateral extension section enters the branch well, the angle locking mechanism 226 can lock the hinged structure to keep the arm shape of the lateral extension section stable, thereby providing a stable mining environment for the extended arm 122.

[0231] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 21, the extended mining device includes an extended mining assembly 233 for dredging, shoveling or grabbing ore and a mining drive mechanism 233a for driving the extended mining assembly 233 to operate. The mining drive mechanism 233a is used to drive the extended mining assembly 233 to move in the branch well 12 hole. The hydraulic clamp shown in the accompanying drawing can serve as an extended mining assembly 233 with grabbing or rock cracking functions.

[0232] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG22 , the extended operation device includes an extended collection device, which includes an extended collection assembly 91, a control mechanism, and a collection arm 94. Extended collection assembly 91 is mounted on collection arm 94, and the control mechanism is used to drive collection arm 94 to expand. Extended collection assembly 91 includes one or more of a rake, a hoe suction device 92, a ore suction pipe 95, a shovel, and a bucket.

[0233] In this embodiment, a suction device 92 is used to scrape ore particles and draw them into a collection arm 94. A first motor 93 is also provided at the rear of the collection device 92. The first motor 93 is in transmission connection with the collection device 92 and is used to agitate the ore particles for easy aspiration or collection. The collection arm 94 is provided with a through-channel, and an ore suction pipe 95 is disposed within the through-channel. The ore suction pipe 95 is connected to the flowback channel 14.

[0234] Among them, when using a reaming drill bit as an expansion mining device, after the reaming drill bit is sent into the branch well, the blades of the reaming drill bit are unfolded (i.e., the end of the expansion mining assembly 233 or the position close to the end). Then the three-dimensional expansion mining device is controlled to move back and forth, dragging the reaming drill bit to move back and forth in the branch well, scraping the well wall of the branch well, and thus expanding the branch well. Each time the reaming drill bit moves in one direction, the expansion amplitude of the blades remains unchanged. When the moving direction of the reaming drill bit is changed, the expansion amplitude of the blades is increased, which can further increase the expansion range. Finally, after the reaming drill bit moves repeatedly, the branch well is expanded to form a tunnel, and the scattered ore veins in the rock formation are scraped off. When the rock splitting assembly is used to crush the rock, the mining assembly 233 or the crushing assembly needs to be expanded to clean or crush the ore crushed by the rock splitting assembly again.

[0235] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the expansion operation device includes the expansion collection device, and the expansion collection device includes a collection assembly, a control mechanism, and an expansion assembly. The collection assembly is installed at the end of the expansion assembly, and the control mechanism is used to drive the expansion assembly to achieve expansion;

[0236] The collection assembly is configured as follows: the collection assembly includes one or more of a rake, shovel, skip, shovel or bucket for dredging, shoveling or grabbing large pieces of ore; the collection assembly also includes a collection drive mechanism, which is used to drive the collection assembly to perform loading actions such as clamping and shoveling; and / or the collection assembly is a ore suction pipe, which is arranged inside the expansion assembly, or the ore suction pipe is fixedly connected to the front of the expansion assembly, and the ore suction pipe is used to absorb ore particles within the chamber under the drive of the expansion assembly.

[0237] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the extended operation device is an extended collection device, and the extended collection device includes a travel assembly capable of driving the extended collection device to move within the process well 16, or the extended collection device includes a travel device capable of driving the extended collection device to move within the process well 16;

[0238] The extended collection device includes a three-dimensional extension arm 122 (i.e., an extension assembly), which is used to achieve controllable three-dimensional volume crushing and collect ore particles in the chamber; the three-dimensional extension arm 122 includes a controlled drive mechanism, which is used to drive the three-dimensional extension arm 122 to drive the primary crushing assembly to move in a controlled manner;

[0239] The extended collection device has at least one minimum cross-section, and the equivalent diameter of the minimum cross-section is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16, so that the extended collection device can enter the chamber and / or the process well 16;

[0240] The extended collection device includes a collection assembly for dredging, shoveling or grabbing ore to collect, move, grab or dredge the ore;

[0241] The extended collection device also includes a traveling assembly capable of driving it to move within the process well 16, or the extended collection device also includes a traveling device capable of driving the extended collection device to move within the process well 16; the chamber is connected to the wellhead of the process well 16, and the process well 16 includes a particle flow lifting channel, through which the ore particles in the chamber are discharged out of the wellhead of the process well 16.

[0242] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 23 to 25, the ore particle lifting system 90 includes a re-crushing device 74. The ore particles are crushed by the re-crushing device 74 and then transported to the return channel 14. Through graded crushing, rock can be broken into small fragments or even smaller powders, which can increase the stability of the particle flow and facilitate the transportation of the ore particles to the surface in the form of a particle flow. The re-crushing device 74 includes a crushing unit, a housing, and a drive mechanism. The crushing unit can be a jaw, rod, roller, cone, or stone crushing rotor. The outer diameter of the housing is less than 2 meters and can pass through the process well 16. The drive mechanism is an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, or an air motor. The re-crushing device 74 can perform secondary crushing on the ore or rock crushed by the extended mining device or directly crush fallen rocks in the mine. The secondary crushing device serves as a means of reducing the particle size of the crushed rock before entering the pipeline. Regardless of the crushing method selected in the present invention, the crushed rock facilitates smoother entry into the ore particle lifting system 90 and is lifted to the wellhead.

[0243] In this embodiment, the shell includes an input end and an output end, the inlet end of the shell is communicated with the chamber, and the output end is communicated with the return channel 14; the crushing part is arranged in the shell; when the crushing part is a jaw or a rod, the jaw or rod is hinged to the shell through the driving mechanism, and the jaw or rod is driven by the driving mechanism to open and close along the axis away from or close to the shell, and the driving mechanism is connected to the power source outside the wellhead through a power line; or, when the crushing part is a roller, the roller is rotatably connected to the shell, and the roller is transmission-connected to the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected to the power source outside the wellhead through a power line. The mechanism is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line; or, when the crushing part is a cone, the cone is rotationally connected or swingably connected to the shell, the maximum diameter of the cone is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16, the cone is transmission-connected to the drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism is connected to the power source outside the wellhead through a power line; or, when the crushing part is a stone crushing rotor, the stone crushing rotor is rotationally connected to the shell, the diameter of the stone crushing rotor is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16, the stone crushing rotor is transmission-connected to the drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism is connected to the power source outside the wellhead through a power line.

[0244] The re-crushing device 74 can be used to directly re-crush fallen large ore or large ore collected by the collection device. The advantage is that the crushing assembly 11 can crush the average equivalent diameter of the ore to less than 1 / 3 of the diameter of the return channel 14, or even crush it into a powder form to form a slurry with the fluid in the chamber, greatly improving the efficiency of lifting ore particles within the shaft.

[0245] Furthermore, the re-crushing device 74 is arranged at the front end of the return channel 14, and the outlet end of the re-crushing device 74 is sealed and connected to the return channel 14; when the crushing part is a jaw or a rod, the jaw or rod is driven by the driving mechanism to open and close along the axis away from or close to the front end of the return channel 14; or, when the crushing part is a roller, the roller diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16 for accommodating the return channel 14, and the rotation axis of the roller is set along the axis of the front end of the return channel 14; or, when the crushing part is a cone, the maximum diameter of the cone is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16 for accommodating the return channel 14, and the installation axis of the cone is set along the axis of the front end of the return channel 14; or, when the crushing part is a stone crushing rotor, the stone crushing rotor diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16 for accommodating the return channel 14, and the rotation axis of the stone crushing rotor is set along the axis of the front end of the return channel 14.

[0246] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 26 and 27, the expansion arm achieves control of at least two degrees of freedom through a controllable hinge structure 227, and at least two controllable hinge structures 227 with different deflection directions are installed on the expansion arm. At least two crushing assemblies 11 are installed along the expansion arm 122: the two crushing assemblies 11 are arranged at different positions of the expansion arm 122, and are used to increase the crushing range of the expansion arm 122, so that a wider range on the expansion arm 122 has crushing capacity, which is convenient for the expansion of the chamber; or, the at least two crushing assemblies 11 are at least two tunneling heads, and the two tunneling heads are arranged along the same axis and rotate in opposite directions. As a more optimal design, one of the crushing assemblies 11 in this embodiment has lateral crushing capacity, which is used to increase the crushing capacity of the middle part of the expansion arm 122, and the other crushing assembly 11 is arranged at the end of the expansion arm 122.

[0247] Furthermore, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable shape mining system includes at least one of the above-mentioned extended mining devices and at least one auxiliary mining device; the auxiliary mining device includes an in-situ primary crushing device and an in-situ secondary crushing device, and the extended mining device can also be configured as an auxiliary mining device. The combination of at least one of the above-mentioned extended mining devices and at least one auxiliary mining device is configured as follows: including an in-situ primary crushing device and an extended mining device, the in-situ primary crushing device and the extended mining device are respectively used for primary crushing of rocks and crushing rocks into smaller particles based on the primary crushing; or, including an extended mining device and an in-situ secondary crushing device, the extended mining device and the in-situ secondary crushing device are respectively used for primary crushing of rocks and crushing rocks into smaller particles based on the primary crushing; or, at least two extended mining devices, the two extended mining devices are respectively used for primary crushing of rocks and crushing rocks into smaller particles based on the primary crushing.

[0248] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, at least two extended operating devices may be included. The at least two extended operating devices can be driven by a traveling device or a pipe string to move along the process well 16 in which they are located and work in coordination with the extended mining device. In one specific embodiment, three extended operating devices can be used to successively enter the chamber for construction, including two extended mining devices and one extended collection device; as shown in Figure 45, the first one can be used as an in-situ primary crushing device 70; as shown in Figure 46, the second one can be used as an in-situ secondary crushing device 60; as shown in Figure 47, the third one can be used as an extended collection device. The two extended operating devices are driven by their respective traveling modules or pipe strings, and the two extended mining devices are successively located in the same chamber 121 to work in coordination.

[0249] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 45 to 47, the in-situ primary crushing device 70, the in-situ secondary crushing device 60, and the extended collection device can each include a front extension assembly and a lateral extension section 125. The lateral extension section 125 includes a short section 228 connected by a plurality of hinged structures. An angle locking mechanism 226 is provided at the hinge position. The extension arm 122 is driven by a driving mechanism to operate within the strip-shaped chamber 121. During operation, the first extended mining device, used as the in-situ primary crushing device 70, gradually crushes the rock on the wall of the chamber 121 through the rock splitting assembly to mine large pieces of ore. Then, the second extended mining device, used as the in-situ secondary crushing device 60, enters the chamber 121 to re-crush the fallen large pieces of ore. Finally, the extended collection device is lowered to suck out the ore particles through the ore suction pipe.

[0250] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 28 to 30, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system also includes an in-situ primary crushing device 70 for pre-crushing rocks, and the extended mining device is used to perform secondary crushing on the rocks crushed by the in-situ primary crushing device to make them reach a transportable size; the in-situ primary crushing device 70 includes a traveling assembly that can drive it to move in the process well 16, or the in-situ primary crushing device 70 includes a traveling device that can drive it to move in the process well 16, or the in-situ primary crushing device 70 is connected to the front end of the pipe string 80; the in-situ primary crushing device 70 can move along the process well 16 under the drive of the traveling assembly, the traveling device or the pipe string 80 and cooperate with the extended mining device. Among them, the in-situ primary crushing device 70 includes a rock splitting assembly, which is used to perform preliminary crushing of the rock mass near the mining location; the crushing assembly 11 is installed at the front end of the extension assembly of the extended mining device, and the crushing assembly 11 is used to perform secondary crushing of the rock. The in-situ primary crushing device 70 and the extended mining device are driven by their respective travel assemblies, the travel devices or the pipe column 80. The operating position of the in-situ primary crushing device is within 30 meters of the mining position of the extended mining device. The in-situ primary crushing device 70 and the extended mining device operate successively or synchronously. The provision of the in-situ primary crushing device 70 can greatly reduce the difficulty of crushing ore, especially by cutting or creating cracks, which can effectively unload the stress inside the rock and reduce the rock's anti-crushing properties.

[0251] Furthermore, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system also includes a process well system with a vertical depth section and a horizontal displacement section, the process well system includes a main process well 16a and multiple auxiliary process wells 16b, and the auxiliary process wells 16b are connected to the main process well 16a; the in-situ primary crushing device 70 is arranged in the auxiliary process well 16b, and the in-situ primary crushing device 70 is used to crush ore or crack ore according to the extended trajectory of the auxiliary process well 16b to form the controllable shape of the chamber. Among them, the auxiliary process well 16b is a controllable trajectory branch well, or a branch well formed by directional side drilling, or a branch well formed by side drilling after directional windowing; the auxiliary process well 16b is drilled and formed by a controllable trajectory ultra-short radius guide drilling tool or a radial well drilling tool or a continuous oil tubing directional drilling tool or a wellbore in-situ mining auxiliary device; the auxiliary process well 16b includes an inclination section with a turning radius of less than 30 meters; the auxiliary process well 16b includes an extension section with an angle between the central axis and the central axis of the main process well 16a of between 20° and 90°. Wherein, the in-situ primary crushing includes a rock-breaking assembly, and the rock-breaking assembly is a static pressure rock-breaking assembly, a concentrated energy rock-breaking assembly, a pressure fracturing rock-breaking assembly, a compressed gas rock-breaking assembly, an electric rock-breaking assembly or a jet rock-breaking assembly. The process well is also provided with a power line for transmitting pressure energy and / or electric energy to the rock-breaking assembly, and the two ends of the power line are respectively connected to the rock-breaking assembly and a power source outside the wellhead; or, the rock-breaking assembly is a deflagration rock-breaking assembly, and the process well is also provided with a power line for transmitting chemical energy or high-energy gas to the rock-breaking assembly, and the two ends of the power line are respectively connected to the rock-breaking assembly and a power source outside the wellhead; or, the rock-breaking assembly is an explosive rock-breaking assembly, and the in-situ primary crushing device 70 includes a storage chamber for storing explosive devices.

[0252] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable form mining system also includes an in-situ secondary crushing device; the in-situ secondary crushing device 60 includes a traveling assembly that can drive it to move in the process well 16, or the in-situ secondary crushing device 60 includes a traveling device that can drive it to move in the process well 16, or the in-situ secondary crushing device 60 is connected to the front end of the tubing 80; the in-situ secondary crushing device 60 can move along the process well 16 under the drive of the traveling assembly, the traveling device or the tubing 80 and cooperate with the extended mining device. Among them, the in-situ secondary crushing device 60 includes a crushing assembly, which is used to extend into the chamber or perform secondary crushing on fallen rocks or large rocks mined by the extended crushing device inside the chamber; the extended mining device and the in-situ secondary crushing device 60 are driven by their respective travel assemblies, the travel devices or the pipe string 80, and the extended mining device and the in-situ secondary crushing device are located in the same chamber simultaneously or successively and work together.

[0253] Furthermore, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system also includes a coordinated well group, which includes at least two mutually parallel process well sections; the distance between at least two mutually parallel process well sections is less than 30 meters, and they can achieve coordinated operation; the central axes of the two process well sections are parallel or approximately parallel to each other; the two mutually parallel process well sections are used to accommodate the extended mining device and the in-situ secondary crushing device 60, respectively. The in-situ secondary crushing device 60 is used to directly re-crush the fallen large pieces of ore, or to re-crush the large pieces of ore collected by the collection device. The advantage is that the crushing assembly can crush the average equivalent diameter of the ore to less than 1 / 3 of the diameter of the return channel 14, or even crush it into powder to form a slurry with the fluid in the chamber, greatly improving the efficiency of lifting ore particles in the wellbore.

[0254] Specifically, the in-situ secondary crushing device 60 includes a crushing assembly and a power assembly. The in-situ secondary crushing device 60 also includes a fixing device or a supporting device. The crushing assembly is a reamer assembly, a jaw crusher assembly or an impact crushing assembly.

[0255] When the crushing assembly is a reamer assembly, the reamer assembly includes a reamer, the diameter of the reamer is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16, the rotation axis of the reamer is arranged along the axis of the front end of the return channel 14, the reamer assembly is in transmission connection with the power assembly, and the power assembly is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line;

[0256] Alternatively, when the crushing assembly is a jaw crusher assembly, the jaw crusher assembly includes a connecting body and a crushing jaw, the crushing jaw is hingedly connected to the connecting body, the power assembly is respectively connected to the connecting body and the crushing jaw, the crushing jaw is driven by the power assembly to open and close along an axis away from or close to the front end of the return channel 14, and the power assembly is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line;

[0257] Alternatively, when the crushing assembly is an impact crushing assembly, the impact crushing assembly includes an impact head and an impact device body, the impact head is slidingly connected to the impact device body, the impact head is transmission-connected to the power assembly, the impact head reciprocates along the axis of the front end of the expansion assembly under the drive of the power assembly, and the power assembly is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line.

[0258] In addition, the crushing assembly may also include a rock-splitting assembly, and the rock-splitting assembly is configured as a static pressure rock-splitting assembly, a concentrated energy rock-splitting assembly, a pressure fracturing rock-splitting assembly, a high-energy gas rock-splitting assembly, an electric rock-splitting assembly or a jet rock-splitting assembly. The process well 16 is also provided with a power line for transmitting pressure energy and / or electrical energy and / or chemical energy to the rock-splitting assembly, and the downhole end of the power line is arranged along the expansion assembly and connected to the rock-splitting assembly, and the other end of the power line is connected to a power source outside the wellhead; or, the rock-splitting assembly is configured as an explosive rock-splitting assembly, and the in-situ primary crushing device 70 includes a storage chamber for storing an explosive device, and the end of the expansion assembly is provided with a manipulator for arranging the explosive device.

[0259] Furthermore, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system includes at least two extended mining devices, which can move along the process well 16 where they are located and cooperate with the extended mining devices under the drive of the traveling assembly, the traveling device or the tubing 80; or, the two extended mining devices are located in the same chamber at the same time or successively and work together.

[0260] Furthermore, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable morphology mining system further includes an inter-device communication device for communication between at least two sets of the extended mining devices. The inter-device communication device includes hydroacoustic communication, wireless communication, magnetic communication, and / or laser communication.

[0261] Furthermore, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system also includes an inter-equipment positioning device, which is used to determine the spatial position relationship between the at least two sets of extended mining devices.

[0262] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the extended mining device further includes a three-dimensional extension mechanism and a fixing device and / or a locking device for preventing the three-dimensional extension mechanism from tipping over or rolling over. The fixing device includes a fixing assembly that reciprocates radially along the process well 16 and a reciprocating drive assembly that drives the fixing assembly to reciprocate. The fixing assembly is connected to the equipment body of the extended mining device and / or a fixed object in the process well 16. When the fixing device is pressed against or locked between the equipment body of the extended mining device and the inner wall of the process well 16, the position of the extended mining device is fixed by the fixing device.

[0263] Alternatively, the fixing device includes a controllably openable fixing component for preventing the three-dimensional extension mechanism from tipping over or rolling, and a drive component for driving the fixing component to open and close relative to the equipment body of the extended mining device. The fixing device is connected to the equipment body of the extended mining device, and the fixing component is hinged to the equipment body of the extended mining device. When the drive component drives the fixing component to open relative to the equipment body of the extended mining device, the fixing component presses or locks between the equipment body of the extended mining device and the inner wall of the process well 16 to achieve fixation, and otherwise releases the fixation.

[0264] Alternatively, the fixing device includes two guide structures that slide relatively along the axis of the process well, and the two guide structures are respectively fixedly connected to the equipment body of the extended mining device and the fixed object in the process well 16;

[0265] Alternatively, the fixing device includes at least one supporting mechanism provided at the front end of the extended mining device, the supporting mechanism including a supporting rod rotatably connected to the extended mining device and a retractable driving mechanism for driving the supporting rod to rotate, the supporting rod being a rod body of fixed length or a telescopic rod with controlled extension and retraction;

[0266] Alternatively, when the equipment body of the extended mining device or the lateral extension section of the extended assembly includes multiple controllable sections, the equipment body of the extended mining device or the lateral extension section of the extended assembly can also be configured as a fixing device, and the controllable section includes a joint control component for driving the multiple controllable sections to controllably bend against the well wall.

[0267] Furthermore, the extended mining device includes a travel module, which includes a drill rig located outside the well and a transmission string connected between the drill rig and the extended mining device. The drill rig drives the extended mining device through the transmission string to move within the process well. Furthermore, the travel module may also include a traction rope, traction cable, or traction rod connected to the extended mining device; and / or a pulley rotatably connected to the extended mining device and a drive motor for rotating the pulley.

[0268] Further, as shown in Figure 26, when the fixing device includes a fixing component and a reciprocating drive component, wherein: the fixing component is a claw 41, and the reciprocating drive component is a telescopic control module 42 connected between the equipment body and the claw; or the fixing component is a supporting mechanism connected to the equipment body, and the reciprocating drive component is a push-pull control module hinged between the supporting mechanism and the equipment body; or the fixing component is a pin that slides with the equipment body, and the reciprocating drive component is a sliding drive module that drives the pin to slide, the well wall of the process well 16 or the fixed object in the process well is also provided with a slot for inserting the pin.

[0269] Furthermore, in the case where the fixing device includes a fixing component and a reciprocating drive component, the equipment body includes at least two crawling segments arranged along the axial direction of the process well 16, each of the crawling segments is provided with a fixing device, and the two adjacent crawling segments are connected by a telescopic structure that is controlled to extend and retract along the axial direction of the process well 16. The two parts of the telescopic structure that move relative to each other are respectively connected to the two crawling segments, and the telescopic structure cooperates with the two adjacent crawling segments to form the traveling module that drives the expanded mining device to move along the process well.

[0270] Furthermore, in the case where the fixing device includes two guide structures that slide in conjunction with each other, the two guide structures are respectively: a guide groove provided on a fixing object in the process well 16 and a protrusion provided on the side of the equipment body, the guide groove extends along the length direction of the process well, the protrusion slides in conjunction with the guide groove, and at least one group of mutually cooperating protrusions and guide grooves is provided; or a guide bar provided on a fixing object in the process well 16 and a groove provided on the side of the equipment body, the guide bar extends along the length direction of the process well 16, the guide bar slides in conjunction with the groove, and at least one group of mutually cooperating guide bar and groove is provided.

[0271] Furthermore, a pipe string for the shaft expansion mining equipment to pass through is fixed in the process well 16. The shaft expansion mining device moves to the mining position through the through hole of the pipe string. The shaft expansion mining device also includes a fixing device for preventing the three-dimensional extension mechanism from tipping over or rolling. The fixing device includes an electromagnet installed on the inner wall of the pipe string. The equipment body of the three-dimensional extension mechanism is made of metal that is magnetically compatible with the electromagnet, or the equipment body of the three-dimensional extension mechanism is fixedly connected to a magnetic attraction component that is magnetically compatible with the electromagnet.

[0272] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the extended working device further includes an equipment body, a support device for supporting and preventing the equipment from overturning, the support device being extendable in the chamber to support the extended working device and prevent it from overturning; the support device includes controllable extension or opening and closing support legs, or a controllable bending equipment body; the support device includes a control mechanism for controlling at least one degree of freedom to control the extended mining device as a whole to switch between a folded and extended state, or to control the extended mining device to increase the mining operation range, that is, to switch between a first state of passing through a process well and a second state of performing mining work. The extendable support device can support the extended working device in the chamber. Since the space in the chamber is larger than the wellbore, the force arm of the support device that bears the reaction force of the extended working device will be longer, which can better support the extended working device.

[0273] Furthermore, as shown in FIG31 , the support device 40 of the extended mining device is mounted on the extension arm 122. The support device 40 is hingedly connected to the extension arm 122. A joint motor is provided at the joint between the support device 40 and the extension arm 122, or a hydraulic cylinder is provided between the support device 40 and the extension arm 122 to drive the opening and closing movement of the support device 40 and the extension arm 122. An in-situ secondary crushing device 60 is provided at the bottom of the extended mining device.

[0274] Furthermore, as shown in FIG32 , the jet rock-splitting assembly 243 is configured as a mining assembly for achieving ore crushing by jetting. In order to solve the problem of unstable block size and particle size of the ore crushed by this method, an in-situ secondary crushing device 60 is provided at the bottom of the extended mining device. In this embodiment, the in-situ secondary crushing device 92 is driven by a motor, and both the motor and the drive shaft are hollow structures. The fluid supply pipe of the jet rock-splitting assembly 243 is passed through the hollow structures of the motor and the drive shaft. The extended mining device in this embodiment is connected to a continuous oil pipe or a tubing string toward the wellhead, and a high-pressure pump located outside the wellhead provides high-pressure fluid to the extended mining device through the continuous oil pipe or tubing string.

[0275] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 33 to 36, the three-dimensional extension mechanism has a lateral extension section, which includes a multi-section hinged short section housing, a transmission shaft 234c running through the interior of the multi-section short section housing, and the transmission shaft 234c is connected to each short section housing through a bearing. The transmission shaft 234c is powered by the second motor 234a to enable the three-dimensional extension mechanism to move in the wellbore.

[0276] Specifically, as shown in Figures 33 to 36, the front end of the transmission shaft 234c is connected to the mining assembly, and the middle portion of the transmission shaft 234c is drivingly connected to the in-situ secondary crushing device 60. Specifically, the connection method may be: the ring gear 1109 is fixedly connected to the in-situ secondary crushing device 60, the sun gear 1107 is sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft 234c and fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 234c, the ring gear 1109 is arranged around the outer periphery of the sun gear 1107, and a plurality of planetary gears 1108 are arranged circumferentially between the ring gear 1109 and the sun gear 1107. The teeth on the planetary gears 1108 respectively mesh with the teeth on the ring gear 1109 and the teeth on the sun gear 1107. The planetary gears 1108 are used for intermediate transmission, and the power of the sun gear 1107 is transmitted to the ring gear 1109. During the operation, the process well 16 is first drilled using the lateral extension, followed by excavation of the chamber 121. Specifically, the process may employ a backward excavation method, whereby the lateral extension is withdrawn while excavating the chamber 121. In this embodiment, the travel mechanism may be a tubing string 80, which is used to achieve wellbore movement or to balance torque during operation.

[0277] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG34 , the lateral extension section includes a plurality of hinged controllable sections 221 , each of which includes a controllable hinge structure. The hinge structure achieves deflection control and angle locking via a joint control assembly 2211 ; the joint control assembly is used to drive the plurality of controllable sections 221 to controllably bend against the wellbore wall. During operation, the plurality of hinged controllable sections 221 included in the lateral extension section increase their contact points and contact force with the wellbore wall in a bent or spiral form, thereby securing the section within the wellbore wall and providing a stable environment for mining operations. This fixing method does not require claws or rods, so its advantage also lies in enabling unimpeded evacuation when underground conditions are complex.

[0278] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the extended working device includes a travel module, and the travel module is a component of the equipment body of the extended working device, or the travel module is an independent module that is detachably connected to the equipment body of the extended working device. The travel module includes a fixed component and a reciprocating drive component, the fixed component is a claw, and the reciprocating drive component is a telescopic control module connected between the equipment body of the extended working device and the claw; or the fixed component is a support leg connected to the equipment body of the extended working device, and the reciprocating drive component is a push-pull control module hinged between the support leg and the equipment body of the extended working device; or the fixed component is a pin that slides with the equipment body of the extended working device, and the reciprocating drive component is a sliding drive module that drives the pin to slide, and the wall of the passage shaft or the passage shaft The fixing object inside is also provided with a slot for inserting a pin; or, the equipment body of the extended working device includes a plurality of controllable sections hingedly connected to each other, and a controllable hinge structure and / or a freely movable hinge structure is provided between each controllable section; a travel assembly is provided on the equipment body of the extended working device; when the equipment body of the extended working device or the lateral extension section of the extended assembly includes a plurality of controllable sections, the equipment body of the extended working device or the lateral extension section of the extended assembly can also be configured as a fixing device, and the controllable section includes a joint control component for driving the plurality of controllable sections to controllably bend against the well wall.

[0279] Furthermore, the traveling module includes a crawling structure. When the crawling mechanism is used to drive the device body to move, at least two support mechanisms are provided along the length direction of the flexible mining machine. The crawling mechanism is connected between two adjacent support mechanisms. The crawling mechanism is configured as follows: the crawling mechanism includes at least two sections of crawling arms connected in an articulated manner, and the two sections of crawling arms located at both ends are respectively hinged to the two adjacent support mechanisms, and a crawling drive structure is connected between the mutually hinged crawling arms and the support mechanisms and between the two mutually hinged crawling arms; or the crawling mechanism includes a retractable telescopic crawling section, and the two ends of the telescopic crawling section are respectively connected to the two adjacent support mechanisms; or the traveling module is a crawling device, and the crawling device is connected to any position in the extended working device, or is detachably connected to the extended working device, and the crawling device is a pipeline crawler of any form, used to drive the extended working device to move along the process well.

[0280] Furthermore, the deep formation fluid-filled wellbore controllable morphology mining system also includes a traction device connected to the extended mining device and comprising a traction cable, a lock, a traction string, a reverse flow pipe, or a traction rod. When the traction device is used to drive the device body to move, the traction device comprises a traction cable, a traction chain, a traction string, or a traction rod connected to the device body, and a traction power device for providing traction power. The crawling device is connected to the device body and pushes / pulls the device body to move by repeatedly extending and contracting. When the traction device is a traction string, a reverse flow pipe, or a traction rod, the deep formation fluid-filled wellbore controllable morphology mining system also includes a pipe racking machine for retrieving the traction string, reverse flow pipe, or traction rod. The pipe racking machine is disposed outside the wellhead of the process well 16 and drags the traction string, reverse flow pipe, or traction rod by retrieving it from the top, allowing it to advance along with the extended mining device. It should be noted that the forward direction here refers to the direction of the mining working face, that is, the direction towards the wellhead.

[0281] Furthermore, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable mining system includes a traction device capable of transporting the extended mining device to the operating location through the process well 16. The traction device includes a power line, which is disposed within the wellbore and is disposed along the wellbore toward the wellhead of the extended mining device to provide or transmit power to the extended mining device.

[0282] Furthermore, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system includes a traction device, which is connected to the extended mining device and is arranged on the extended mining device along the wellbore toward the wellhead, and the traction device includes a traction cable, rigging or traction rod.

[0283] Furthermore, the ore particle lifting system 90 includes a flowback pipeline and / or a low-density particle flow injection pipeline and / or a tunneling working fluid injection pipeline.

[0284] Furthermore, the ore particle lifting system 90 also includes a pipe handling system or a pipe winding system, which is used to pull out or wind up the return pipe and / or the low-density mixed particle flow injection pipe and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe, so that the return pipe and / or the low-density mixed particle flow injection pipe and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe advance synchronously with the extended mining device; when the power line is integrally connected with the return pipe and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe, the pipe handling system or the pipe winding system is a power line winding device; the power line is arranged in the pipe of the return pipe and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe, or, the power line is arranged in the pipe wall of the return pipe and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe, or, the power line is fixed outside the pipe wall of the return pipe and / or the low-density particle flow injection pipe and / or the excavation working fluid injection pipe.

[0285] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the extended mining device further includes a power circuit. The power circuit is constructed in the form of a flexible cable or a rigid pipeline; the power circuit comprises one or more of an electrical cable, a hydraulic pipeline, a high-pressure fluid pipeline, a chemical pipeline, or a pneumatic pipeline; and the energy transmitted by the power circuit comprises electrical energy, pressure energy, or chemical energy. One end of the power circuit is connected to the extended mining device underground, and the other end is connected to a power source outside the wellhead. The energy provided to the extended mining device by the power circuit comprises electrical energy, pressure energy, and / or chemical energy.

[0286] Furthermore, the power circuit includes a tubular string for transmitting pressure energy, and the shaft expansion mining device also includes a downhole generator; the tubular string is used to transport supporting fluid or other circulating fluid, and the fluid inlet of the downhole generator is connected to the tubular string for introducing the supporting fluid or other circulating fluid into the tubular string; the power output end of the downhole generator is electrically connected to the traveling module or driving mechanism, and is used to convert the pressure energy of the supporting fluid or other circulating fluid into electrical energy to supply power to the traveling module or driving mechanism inside the shaft expansion mining device.

[0287] Furthermore, the power circuit includes a cable for transmitting electrical energy, and the shaft expansion mining device also includes a hydraulic station, which is electrically connected to a power source arranged outside the wellhead through a power line; the hydraulic station is hydraulically connected to the traveling module, driving mechanism, crushing assembly, mining assembly or rock splitting assembly inside the shaft expansion mining device, and is used to convert electrical energy into hydraulic energy to provide hydraulic energy for the traveling module, driving mechanism, crushing assembly, mining assembly or rock splitting assembly inside the shaft expansion mining device.

[0288] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the extended mining device can at least enable the crushing assembly 11 to expand by a distance greater than three times the radius of the process well 16. The crushing assembly 11 is a rotary crushing tool or an impact crushing tool. When the crushing assembly 11 is a rotary crushing tool, the rotary crushing tool includes a reamer, a tunneling head or a cutting head, the long axis of the cross section of the extended mining device perpendicular to its own length direction is less than or equal to 3 times the maximum diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head or the cutting head, the length of the extension arm 122 is greater than 5 times the diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head or the cutting head, the maximum diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head or the cutting head is 30%-95% of the inner diameter of the process well 16; when the crushing assembly 11 is an impact crushing tool, the impact crushing tool includes an impact pick or a drill tool, the long axis of the cross section of the extended mining device perpendicular to its own length direction is less than or equal to 8 times the maximum diameter of the impact pick or the drill tool, and the length of the extension arm 122 is greater than 10 times the diameter of the impact pick or the drill tool.

[0289] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable morphology mining system further includes a control terminal located outside the well and a wireless communication device or communication line for communication. A sensor is provided on the extended acquisition device, and data is transmitted between the sensor and the control terminal via a wireless communication device or communication line. When the communication line is used for communication, the communication line passes through the process well 16 or other process wells, with the wellhead end of the communication line in communication with the control terminal, and the downhole end of the communication line in communication with a sensor or detection device provided on the extended mining device and / or the extended acquisition device. The detection device is installed on the extended mining device and / or the extended acquisition device, and includes a video detection module, radar, sonar, and / or lidar, and is in communication with the control terminal. The sensors include flow meters, ore particle concentration meters, current sensors, voltage sensors, laser detection devices, acoustic detection devices, and / or electromagnetic detection devices, and are used to detect the operating status of the extended mining device and / or the extended acquisition device, the morphology of the chamber, and / or the state of the rock mass.

[0290] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 31, an acoustic detector 43 is installed on the outer surface of the mining arm and / or the equipment body. The acoustic detector 43 includes an acoustic detection control module and a transducer. An array acoustic transducer or phased array sonar is installed outside the extension assembly. It uses piezoelectric ceramic transducers and / or MEMS transducers. The advantages of using piezoelectric ceramic transducers are their strong pressure resistance, large transmission energy, and high sensitivity. MEMS transducers are preferably used to form a phased array, which can be installed on mining arms with a diameter range of 200-1000 mm and can achieve a dense array layout outside the extension arm. The acoustic detection control module can achieve multi-band excitation, which helps to overcome impurities of different sizes in the chamber. The acoustic transducer can perform multiple detections and signal superposition, which helps to improve the detection accuracy in the liquid-filled well. The acoustic detection device is connected to a positioning system or motion sensor, which compensates for interference caused by the movement of the extension assembly and the extended mining device through the positioning system or motion sensor. In summary, the present invention's use of acoustic detection devices for detection within liquid-filled wells is a reasonable and high-quality option. Furthermore, the detection device also includes a gamma detector, a neutron detector, and a passive or active density detector, located within the mining arm. These devices are used to accurately detect the surrounding rock within the liquid-filled chamber, facilitating guidance of the mining location.

[0291] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG23 , the ore particle lifting system 90 has an ore particle suction port, which is located in front of, to the side of, or below the extended mining device, the extended collection device, and / or the re-crushing device.

[0292] In this embodiment, the ore particle hoisting system 90 further includes an ore particle screen, which is disposed at the inlet end of the return flow channel 14 or on the communication path between the chamber 121 and the return flow channel 14. The ore particle screen is used to screen out ore particles that can be transported by the ore particle hoisting system 90. When the ore particle hoisting system 90 is a shaft hydraulic ore conveying system, the median size of the crushed ore particles produced by the extended mining device and / or the extended collection device is less than 20% of the inner diameter of the ore conveying pipe or the ore discharge shaft, and the effective aperture of the ore particle screen is less than 30% of the inner diameter of the ore conveying pipe or the ore discharge shaft; or when the ore particle hoisting system 90 is a shaft mechanical ore conveying system, the median size of the crushed ore particles produced by the extended mining device and / or the extended collection device is less than 50% of the inner diameter of the ore conveying pipe or the ore discharge shaft, and the effective aperture of the ore particle screen is less than 80% of the inner diameter of the ore conveying pipe or the ore discharge shaft.

[0293] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a flow channel is provided inside the crushing assembly 11, and a port of the flow channel is used to spray fluid toward the extended mining device or the rock near the crushing assembly; the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system also includes a circulating liquid pump, which is connected to the flow channel through a circulating liquid pipeline, and pumps fluid into the flow channel through the circulating liquid pump to realize the injection of the rock, which can pre-crush the rock.

[0294] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the ore particle lifting system 90 is a pumping lifting system, which also includes an ore particle pump arranged underground. The ore particle pump is located in the middle or lower part of the return channel 14, and the outer diameter of the ore particle pump is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well 16.

[0295] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, the ore particle lifting system 90 is a pumping lifting system, and the ore particle lifting system 90 includes a return channel 14 and an ore particle pump. The ore particle pump is installed in the extended mining device, and the ore particle pump is connected to the return channel 14.

[0296] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, the ore particle lifting system is a mixed lifting system, and the mixed lifting system further includes a low-density particle flow injection channel and a low-density particle flow injection pump for conveying the low-density particle flow.

[0297] In another optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 23, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system includes at least two process wells 16, one of which is an equipment channel well, and the equipment channel well has a through channel for lifting or lowering the extended mining device; and at least one process well 16 is a mineral material lifting process well, and the mineral material lifting process well is provided with an ore particle lifting system 90.

[0298] In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 28 to 30, the deep formation fluid-filled well controllable mining system also includes at least two process wells 16. Both process wells 16 serve as equipment access wells, with at least one well serving as a material lifting process well. In this embodiment, a tubing string 80 within the lowered process well 16 serves as a flowback conduit to discharge ore particles out of the wellhead, or the annulus between the process well 16 and the tubing string 80 located below and serving as a channel for the flowback of ore particles. To further achieve large-scale development of the mineral deposit, the present invention utilizes chambers 121 along the equipment access wells from multiple preset starting points within the equipment access wells, achieving mining in the form of multiple chambers 121. Chambers 121 herein have the same meaning as chambers herein. Mining is performed in sections along the process wells 16 in the form of a chamber string, forming a "candied haws"-like arrangement of chambers, significantly improving the utilization efficiency of the process wells 16. When multiple process wells 16 are networked, a layered "honeycomb"-like chamber group can be formed. For mineral deposits with huge thickness, mining can be achieved in the form of multi-layer chamber groups.

[0299] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 37 and 38, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system also includes an expansion filling device 96 for isolating the mining space and the filling space along the process well 16 to facilitate filling. The expansion filling device 96 is a type of expansion operating device. The expansion filling device 96 is connected to the side of the expansion mining device that is away from the travel direction and moves synchronously with the expansion mining device; alternatively, the expansion filling device 96 includes a travel assembly capable of driving its movement within the process well; alternatively, the expansion filling device includes a travel device capable of driving its movement within the process well; or the expansion filling device is driven by the pipe string 80. By providing the expansion filling device 96, the post-mining space can be filled in real time during the mining process, ensuring that the mining space remains a smaller chamber 121, better meeting the needs of deep formation mining. Avoiding large free spaces can significantly improve the safety and stability of deep formation mining. Avoid collapse of the caverns formed by mining.

[0300] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 37 and 38, the expansion and filling device 96 includes a flexible barrier assembly. The flexible barrier assembly specifically includes an umbrella-shaped barrier assembly or a bladder-shaped barrier assembly. The umbrella-shaped barrier assembly is a controllable opening and closing umbrella-shaped barrier assembly, comprising an umbrella frame 961, a drive mechanism, and a flexible fabric 962. The drive mechanism is used to drive the umbrella-shaped barrier assembly to open or close. Alternatively, the bladder-shaped barrier assembly is a controllable expansion and contraction barrier bladder. The bladder-shaped barrier assembly includes a bladder outer shell 963 and a fluid injection and discharge device 964. The fluid injection and discharge device 964 is used to control the injection and / or discharge of fluid, thereby driving the bladder-shaped barrier assembly to expand and achieve isolation. During operation, the umbrella-shaped barrier assembly or the bladder-shaped barrier assembly can isolate the excavation workspace from the post-mining space, allowing filler to be injected into the post-mining space, thereby supporting the post-mining space and preventing it from immediately collapsing, thereby ensuring the safety of the expansion and excavation device. The filler used to fill the post-mining space may be, but is not limited to, a cementitious filler, a paste filler, or a granular filler. The granular filler is carried into the filling area by the circulating fluid. The filler described in this embodiment is a granular material for injection and filling, or an adhesive for bonding. In this embodiment, the flexible fabric 962 may be, but is not limited to, a flexible fabric made of nylon, a polymer material, a composite material, or a rubber material.

[0301] Furthermore, the extended filling device 96 also includes a filling screen with a mesh structure, the filling screen having an inlet end and an outlet end, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the filling screen are respectively connected to two sides of the flexible baffle assembly.

[0302] Plan 6

[0303] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system, wherein the mining method includes the following steps:

[0304] Step S10: drilling a process well 16;

[0305] Step S20: placing an extended operation device at the operating position of the process well 16, wherein the ore particle lifting system 90 is at least partially placed in the process well 16 and connected to the extended mining device;

[0306] Step S30: the extended operation device starts to operate, and the ore particles are transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system 90.

[0307] Plan 7

[0308] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system, wherein the mining method includes the following steps:

[0309] Step S10: drilling a process well 16;

[0310] Step S20: placing an extended operation device at the operation position of the process well 16 to perform preliminary crushing;

[0311] Step S30: placing another extended operation device at the operating position of the process well 16 for re-crushing, and placing the ore particle lifting system 90 at least partially in the process well 16 and connecting it to the extended mining device;

[0312] Step S40: the extended operation device starts to operate, and the ore particles are transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system 90.

[0313] Plan 8

[0314] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system, the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system includes a channel well connected to the mining location, a three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment that performs mining operations based on the channel well, a measurement and control device for realizing at least one function including measuring operation status parameters and controlling the operation of the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment, a power line for supplying energy to the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment, a shaft ore conveying device responsible for conveying ore, a travel module for driving the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment to move along the channel well, and a supporting fluid filled in the channel well. The three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment includes a device The main body and a three-dimensional expansion section for extending the mining range, one end of the three-dimensional expansion section is connected to the equipment body, and the other end is connected to the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly, the three-dimensional expansion section has a deflection module and / or a rotation module, the deflection module drives the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to move in a direction deviating from the axis of the channel well, and the rotation module drives the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to move around the channel well axis or the axis of the equipment body to drive the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to expand the mining range, the deflection module and the rotation module include an electric actuator, a hydraulic actuator or a pneumatic actuator for controllably performing the deflection action, and the three-dimensional expansion section is configured as follows:

[0315] The three-dimensional extension section includes a mining arm body rotatably connected to the equipment body and at least one main mining arm connected to a mining assembly or a rock splitting assembly. The mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly is arranged at the front end of the main mining arm. The mining arm body can rotate around the axis of the channel shaft. A rotation control component is provided between the mining arm body and the equipment body to drive the mining arm body to rotate. An extension control component is connected between the mining arm body and the main mining arm to drive the main mining arm to move radially toward the channel shaft. The extension control component serves as a deflection module, and the rotation control component serves as a rotation module.

[0316] Alternatively, the three-dimensional extension section is a mining arm with two or more degrees of freedom, the three-dimensional extension section is connected to the equipment body by an articulated connection and / or a rotary connection, and at least two drive assemblies or at least one dual-axis drive assembly are further connected between the three-dimensional extension section and the equipment body, so as to realize the control of the two degrees of freedom of the three-dimensional extension section, and the total length of the three-dimensional extension section is greater than three times the diameter of the channel shaft, and the drive assembly serves as a deflection module and / or a rotary module;

[0317] Alternatively, the three-dimensional expansion segment includes at least two controllable sections connected in sequence, the controllable sections being fixedly connected in sequence, each of the controllable sections including a front portion and a rear portion that are controlled to rotate relative to each other, and an opening and closing control component and / or a joint control component that drives the controlled rotation of the front portion and the rear portion, the opening and closing control component and the joint control component both serving as a deflection module;

[0318] Alternatively, the three-dimensional expansion segment includes at least two controllable sections connected in sequence, and adjacent controllable sections are connected in sequence by means of hinged or rotational connections. The rear end of the three-dimensional expansion segment is further provided with an expansion control mechanism, and the expansion control mechanism includes a driver having at least two degrees of freedom control quantities, and the driver pulls the controllable sections of the three-dimensional expansion segment through a pulling force transmission structure to drive the three-dimensional expansion segment to achieve three-dimensional movement. The driver serves as a deflection module, and the pulling force transmission structure is a rope, belt or chain.

[0319] The travel module of the controllable deep formation fluid-filled well expansion mining system is a component of the equipment body, or the travel module is an independent module detachably connected to the equipment body.

[0320] The power lines are arranged in the channel well and / or other process wells 16 connected to the channel well.

[0321] Furthermore, the shaft expansion mining system also includes a fixing device for preventing the three-dimensional controllable expandable mining equipment from tipping over or rolling over. The fixing device is configured as follows: the fixing device includes a fixing assembly that reciprocates radially along the passage shaft and a reciprocating drive assembly that drives the fixing assembly to reciprocate. The fixing device is arranged on the equipment body of the three-dimensional controllable expandable mining equipment and / or on a fixed object in the passage shaft. When the fixing device is extended and pressed against between the equipment body and the fixed object, the position of the three-dimensional controllable expandable mining equipment is locked by the fixing device.

[0322] And / or, the fixing device includes two guiding structures that slide together with each other, and the two guiding structures are respectively fixedly connected to the equipment body of the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment and the fixed object in the channel shaft.

[0323] In this embodiment, when the fixing device includes a fixing component and a reciprocating drive component, the fixing component is a claw, and the reciprocating drive component is a telescopic control module connected between the equipment body and the claw; or the fixing component is a support leg connected to the equipment body, and the reciprocating drive component is a push-pull control module hinged between the support leg and the equipment body; or the fixing component is a pin that slides with the equipment body, and the reciprocating drive component is a sliding drive module that drives the pin to slide, and the well wall of the channel well or the fixed object in the channel well is also provided with a slot for inserting the pin.

[0324] Furthermore, in the case where the fixing device includes two guide structures that slide in conjunction with each other, the fixing device includes: a guide groove provided on a fixing object in the channel well and a protrusion provided on the side of the equipment body, the guide groove extends along the length direction of the channel well, the protrusion slides in conjunction with the guide groove, and at least one group of mutually cooperating protrusions and guide grooves is provided; or a guide strip provided on a fixing object in the channel well and a groove provided on the side of the equipment body, the guide strip extends along the length direction of the channel well, the guide strip slides in conjunction with the groove, and at least one group of mutually cooperating guide strips and grooves is provided.

[0325] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 39 and 40, the three-dimensional expansion section includes a mining arm body 2222 and at least one main mining arm 222 connected to a mining assembly or rock splitting assembly. The mining assembly or rock splitting assembly is located at the front end of the main mining arm 222. The mining arm body 2222 rotates about the shaft axis. A rotation control assembly is located between the main mining arm 222 and the equipment body to drive the main mining arm 222. An expansion control assembly is connected between the main mining arm 222 and the mining arm body 2222 to drive the mining arm body 2222 radially along the shaft. The expansion control assembly serves as a deflection module, while the rotation control assembly serves as a rotation module. The expansion control assembly can provide radial and circumferential movement, while a travel device can provide axial movement. Therefore, the expansion control assembly enables three-dimensional mining control. In this embodiment, the travel device includes a crawler, a pipe string, or a pulling device, which drives equipment along the shaft.

[0326] Furthermore, at least two auxiliary mining arms 2221 are positioned between the main mining arm 222 and the mining arm body 2222. The two ends of the auxiliary mining arms 2221 are rotatably connected to the main mining arm 222 and the mining arm body 2222, respectively. The two auxiliary mining arms 2221, the main mining arm 222, and the mining arm body 2222 form a planar linkage mechanism. Both auxiliary mining arms 2221 are connected to a pulling chain 2223. The extended control assembly includes a retracting and discharging motor 2224 that retracts and extends the two sets of pulling chains 2223 in two directions. The output shaft of the retracting and discharging motor 2224 is mounted with a drum, and the pulling chain 2223 is connected to the side of the drum. When the retracting and discharging motor 2224 rotates, it can smoothly reel in the pulling chain 2223. The pulling chain 2223 is used to pull the auxiliary mining arms 2221, thereby driving the mining arm body 2222 to move. Two sets of pulling chains 2223 are provided, each pulling the auxiliary mining arm 2221 from either side. Both sets of pulling chains 2223 are always taut, ensuring that the auxiliary mining arm 2221 remains stable during mining operations. Alternatively, a hydraulic piston can be used to drive the rotation of the auxiliary mining arm 2221, thereby preventing shaking of the auxiliary mining arm 2221 and ensuring normal mining and rock splitting operations. Furthermore, at least one hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder can be connected between the auxiliary mining arm 2221 and the main mining arm 222. The ends of the hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder are respectively hinged to the auxiliary mining arm 2221 and the main mining arm 222. The hydraulic cylinder or electric cylinder can be used to push and pull the auxiliary mining arm 2221, driving the auxiliary mining arm 2221 to open and close, thereby moving the mining arm body 2222 away from or closer to the main mining arm 222.

[0327] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 41, the three-dimensional expansion section is a dual-degree-of-freedom or multi-degree-of-freedom mining arm, and the three-dimensional expansion section is connected to the equipment body 21 by a hinged connection and / or a rotary connection, and at least two drive components or at least one dual-axis drive component are also connected between the three-dimensional expansion section and the equipment body 21, which can realize the dual-degree-of-freedom control of the three-dimensional expansion section, and the total length of the three-dimensional expansion section is greater than 3 times the diameter of the channel well, and the drive component serves as a deflection module and / or a rotation module.

[0328] Specifically, as shown in FIG41 , the three-dimensional expansion section is connected to the device body 21 by a hinge, and a rotary joint 225 is installed between the three-dimensional expansion section and the device body 21. The rotary joint 225 includes a fixed portion connected to the device body 21 and a rotating portion connected to the three-dimensional expansion section. The rotating portion and the three-dimensional expansion section are hinged to achieve opening and closing. The drive assembly includes a rotary drive structure 224 that drives the fixed portion and the rotating portion to rotate relative to each other. The rotary drive structure 224 serves as a rotary module. In addition, an opening and closing drive structure that drives the fixed portion and the rotating portion to deflect relative to each other is provided. The opening and closing drive structure serves as a deflection module. The opening and closing drive structure can use a deflection cylinder. The rotary drive structure 224 can be a hydraulic motor, a stepping hydraulic motor, or an electric motor, which can drive the rotating portion of the rotary joint 225 to rotate in a controllable manner relative to the fixed portion. The rotary drive structure 224 can be a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic cylinder, or other equipment. In this embodiment, a rotation control mechanism is disposed on the fixed portion of the swivel joint 225, driving the rotating portion of the swivel joint 225 to rotate, thereby driving the three-dimensional expansion segment to rotate about the axis of the device body 21 or the channel shaft. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fixed component is a latch 219 that slides with the device body 21, and the reciprocating drive component is a sliding drive module 2191 that drives the latch 219 to slide. The wall of the channel shaft or a fixed object within the channel shaft also has a slot for the latch 219 to insert. When the device body 21 is moved into position, the sliding drive module 2191 is controlled to operate, inserting the latch 219 into the slot to lock the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment.

[0329] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG42 , the three-dimensional expansion segment includes at least two controllable segments 221 connected in sequence. The controllable segments 221 are fixedly connected in sequence. Each controllable segment 221 includes a front portion and a rear portion that are controlled to rotate relative to each other, as well as an opening and closing control assembly and / or a joint control assembly 221 that drives the controlled rotation of the front and rear portions. The opening and closing control assembly and the joint control assembly 221 both serve as deflection modules. Specifically, as shown in FIG42 , for two adjacent controllable segments 221, the rear portion of the front segment is fixedly connected to the front portion of the rear segment. An opening and closing control assembly and a joint control assembly 2211 that drives the controlled rotation of the two portions are further provided between the front and rear portions of the controllable segments 221. The rotation axes between the two portions of different controllable segments 221 are non-parallel. When the front and rear portions of each controllable segment 221 rotate relative to each other, the three-dimensional expansion segment formed by the controllable segments 221 as a whole can drive the mining assembly / rock splitting assembly to move along two degrees of freedom. The opening and closing control component and the joint control component 2211 in this embodiment serve as a deflection module, and specifically, different actuators such as electric motors and pneumatic pistons can be selected.

[0330] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG43 , a three-dimensional expansion segment includes at least two sequentially connected controllable segments 221, with adjacent controllable segments 221 being sequentially connected by hinged or rotational connections. An expansion control mechanism is also provided at the rear end of the three-dimensional expansion segment. The expansion control mechanism includes a driver 223 having at least two degrees of freedom. The driver 223 pulls the controllable segments 221 of the three-dimensional expansion segment via a pull-and-transmit structure 2231 to drive the three-dimensional expansion segment to achieve three-dimensional motion. The driver 223 serves as a deflection module, and the pull-and-transmit structure 2231 is a rope, belt, or chain. Specifically, as shown in FIG43 , three ring structures are welded to the side of each controllable segment 221, through which the pull-and-transmit structure 2231 passes. The sides of all controllable segments 221 have three rows of ring structures, evenly arranged around the axis of the three-dimensional expansion segment. Each pull-and-transmit structure 2231 passes through a row of ring structures and connects to the controllable segment 221 at the front end of the three-dimensional expansion segment. The three drivers 223 can provide motion control in at least two directions. By retracting and extending the pulling and force-transmitting structure 2231, the three-dimensional expansion segment formed by the controllable segments 221 can be driven to swing in different directions to achieve three-dimensional motion. A reset mechanism is also installed between two adjacent controllable segments 221. The reset mechanism is used to provide a force to restore the coaxial state between the controllable segments 221, providing bending elasticity for the three-dimensional expansion segment formed by the controllable segments 221. When the driver 223 controls the three-dimensional expansion segment through the pulling and force-transmitting structure 2231, the arm shape of the three-dimensional expansion segment can be guaranteed to be stable. The reset mechanism can be a spring sheet connected between each controllable segment 221, or an elastic rod inserted into each controllable segment 221. The structure and principle of the reset mechanism and the structure acting on the soft robotic arm (flexible robotic arm) to maintain its elasticity are equivalent and will not be repeated here. The aforementioned driver 223 is capable of retracting and releasing a wound rope. For example, the driver 223 utilizes an electric motor from an electrically driven actuator, and the rope is wound around the output shaft of the electric motor or around a rotating drum in transmission connection with the output shaft of the electric motor. Using ropes as the pulling force transmission structure 2231, at least three ropes are used to retract and release ropes from different directions around the three-dimensional expansion segment, thereby driving the three-dimensional expansion segment composed of several controllable segments 221 to swing in different directions. The reset mechanism in this embodiment is an elastic member, which is used to provide a force to restore the coaxial state between the controllable segments 221. This can maintain the shape of the three-dimensional expansion segment when the rope pulls the three-dimensional expansion segment to offset. The elastic member can be an elastic tube, elastic rod, or leaf spring. In addition, the number of pulling force transmission structures 2231 can also be increased. For example, two independent drivers 223 can be used in conjunction with two pairs, or four, of pulling force transmission structures 2231 to achieve control. Taking the rope as the pulling force transmission structure 2231 as an example, each pair of pulling force transmission structures 2231 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the axis of the three-dimensional expansion segment. When the driver 223 retracts the rope on one side, it releases the rope on the other side. The control scheme for multiple pairs of ropes is similar.

[0331] It should be understood that the above-mentioned driver 223 represents the minimum structural unit that can completely realize the retraction and extension of a pulling force transmission structure 2231. In other embodiments, it can also represent a structural module that can simultaneously retract and extend multiple pulling force transmission structures 2231.

[0332] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG44 , a mechanical ore lifting system is described as an important form of an ore particle lifting system 90. This mechanical ore particle lifting system includes process wells 16, at least one of which is configured as a ore discharge well. This embodiment also includes a U-shaped well 17 for accommodating the ore particle lifting system 90 and for lifting ore particles. Another process well 16 serves as an equipment access well.

[0333] In addition, the mechanical ore particle lifting system also includes a scraper conveyor system or a chain bucket conveyor system, which is installed in a mine discharge shaft having an inner diameter of less than 1 meter, and the mine discharge shaft is connected to the chamber 121. In this embodiment, the scraper conveyor system includes a scraper 340 and a chain 341. The scraper 340 is connected to the chain 341, and the scraper 340 is driven by the chain 341. The ore mined by the extended mining device is transported to the outside of the shaft through the scraper 340 conveyor system or the chain bucket conveyor system in the mine discharge shaft.

[0334] Plan 9

[0335] The present invention provides a deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining method, which is implemented using the above-mentioned deep formation liquid-filled well-cavity controllable shape mining system, wherein the mining method includes the following steps:

[0336] Step S10: transporting the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment to a mining location through a channel shaft;

[0337] Step S20: controlling the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment to excavate to form a chamber 121, and continuously injecting support fluid into the chamber 121;

[0338] Step S30: controlling the shaft ore transport device to continuously collect mined ore;

[0339] Step S40: moving the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment and repeating steps S20 to S30 to form a chamber group by mining;

[0340] Step S50: Fill each chamber 121 after the mining operation is completed.

[0341] The following is a further explanation of the terms, symbols and process used in the present invention:

[0342] (1) The branch wells or branch passage wells in the present invention are branch wells or branch passage wells drilled during the mining process, or branch wells or branch passage wells drilled in advance before the mining operation begins.

[0343] (2) The power pipelines in the present invention include umbilical cables, electrical cables, hydraulic pipelines, oil pipes, drill pipes, chemical pipelines, and other pipelines for conveying high-pressure fluids.

[0344] (3) The cables or communication lines in the present invention may be armored cables, umbilical cables, or may be arranged in the wall of a continuous pipe. For example, when a rubber hose is used, the wire winding of the hose may be directly used as the communication line or power line. When a composite hose is used, a woven metal mesh or metal wire may be used as the communication line or power line. When a continuous oil pipe is used, a double-layer or multi-layer pipe may be used, and the communication line or power line may be arranged between the layers.

[0345] In the present invention, the cavern is a cavity formed by controlled-shape mining, and the cavern includes a chamber 121 and a strip-shaped or flat cavity formed by controlled-shape mining.

[0346] In the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the driving of the rotating parts can be achieved by direct drive of an electric motor, a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor, or other structures with equivalent functions. It can also be driven by a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or a rope in a push-pull manner. Parts that require telescopic / sliding movement can be driven by a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, a screw, a gear rack, a rope, or other equivalent alternative mechanisms. Correspondingly, in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the electric actuators, hydraulic actuators, and pneumatic actuators used in the deflection module and the rotation module can be selected as appropriate angular stroke actuators or linear stroke actuators. In addition, the power source installed at the wellhead can be selected as an electric power source, an air source, or a hydraulic power source as needed.

[0347] In the present invention, chamber 121 includes underground spaces of elongated, arched, quasi-circular, quasi-elliptical, flat, lentil-shaped, or other irregular shapes. Chamber 121 may be formed by multiple independently mined chambers 121 distributed along the axis of process well 16, or may be an elongated chamber 121 formed by mining along the axis of process well 16. The long axis length of chamber 121 in the present invention generally does not exceed the effective length of the portion of process well 16 that traverses the mineral deposit. Furthermore, ore particles in the present invention refer to particles such as rock and rock debris produced during the mining process that are large enough to pass through the process well.

[0348] In the present invention, the chamber 121 and the process well 16 are filled with a density of 0.3-3g / cm 3The fluid is used to support the wellbore and the chamber 121. It can also be used as a circulating fluid to carry ore particles out of the well and provide a certain back pressure for the ore particle lifting system 90. In addition, the injected fluid plays the role of supporting fluid, relying on the pressure of the liquid column to support the mine or to assist in lifting ore particles. Specifically, 0.3-3g / cm 3 The fluid used is generally any one of water, oil, liquefied gas, and supercritical fluid, or a mixture thereof. For example, when mining coal seams, unconsolidated strata, or soil-like or clay formations, supercritical fluid or an oil-water mixture can be used as the circulating fluid medium within the wellbore or chamber.

[0349] In the present invention, the power cable is a form of power line; the wellbore ore conveying device is a form or component of the ore particle hoisting system 90. In the present invention, the crushing assembly 11 includes a rock splitting assembly, a mining assembly, and any equivalent alternative capable of crushing rock. In the present invention, the flexible tubing string includes flexible drill tools, coiled tubing, composite tubing, titanium alloy drill tools, or other tubing strings made of elastic or plastic materials to ensure movement within high-curvature well sections with a turning radius of less than 30 meters.

[0350] In this invention, in order to unify the terms used in priority patents, the following explanation is made:

[0351] The "expansion assembly" in the present invention has the same structure as the "three-dimensional expansion section" in the priority patent of the present invention entitled "A shaft expansion mining system and mining method"; the "expansion mining device" in the present invention has the same structure as the "three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment, three-dimensional expansion mining equipment, flexible mining machine" that appear in the priority patent of the present invention; the "drive mechanism" and "drive component" in the present invention have the same meaning, and both include electric, hydraulic or pneumatically controlled actuators or actuators.

[0352] The “chamber” in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2, entitled “Well-chamber mining system and well-chamber mining method”, is uniformly referred to as “cavern” in the present invention, including holes or strip-shaped tunnels of any shape formed by circular or strip mining, and its volume is generally between 1-5000 cubic meters; the “mineral material” in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2, entitled “Well-chamber mining system and well-chamber mining method”, is the “ore particles” in the present invention; the “drill string” in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2, entitled “Well-chamber mining system and well-chamber mining method” is It is the “pipe string” in the present invention; the “wellbore-chamber mining system” in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2, entitled “Wellbore-chamber mining system and wellbore-chamber mining method” is the “liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system” in the present invention; the “extension mechanism” in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2, entitled “Wellbore-chamber mining system and wellbore-chamber mining method” is collectively referred to as the “extension assembly” in the present invention; the “extension mining arm” in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2, entitled “Wellbore-chamber mining system and wellbore-chamber mining method” is the “extension arm” in the present invention. In addition, the "equipment body" in the present invention has the same structure as the "base" in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2; the "channel well" in the present invention has the same structure as the "equipment channel well" in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2; the "crushing assembly" in the present invention has the same structure as the "crushing mechanism" in the priority patent with application number 202311870836.2.

[0353] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable shape mining and excavation system for a liquid-filled wellbore in deep formations, wherein, Comprising: An extended operation device, an ore particle lifting system, and at least one process well; The extended operation device includes an extended excavation device and / or an extended collection device; The extended operation device can move along the process well, and the extended operation device can be transported to the operation position through the process well; The extended excavation device is used to realize chamber excavation along the process well; alternatively, the extended collection device is used to collect or suck ore particles in the chamber along the process well; Part of the ore particle lifting system is arranged in the process well, and the ore particles generated by the extended operation device can be transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system; the ore particle lifting system includes a return channel, and the ore particles are transported outward through the return channel; one or more of the process wells are ore particle lifting process wells, and the return channel is arranged in the ore particle lifting process well; At least one of the process wells is an equipment passage well; The extended excavation device includes a crushing assembly and an extension mechanism; the extension mechanism is used to drive the crushing assembly to expand, so as to realize the contraction state and the expansion state of the extended excavation device; the crushing assembly includes a power assembly and a crushing mechanism connected to the power assembly; When the extended excavation device is in the contraction state, it can be transported through the equipment passage well.

2. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable morphology excavation system according to claim 1, wherein, The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable morphology excavation system includes a traction device; The traction device includes a power cable, and the power cable is arranged in front of the extended excavation device and is used to provide power or transmit power for the extended excavation device; the power assembly is connected to the power cable and is used to obtain electric energy or pressure energy from the power cable and convert the electric energy or pressure energy into mechanical energy to drive the crushing assembly to break rocks.

3. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable morphology excavation system according to claim 1, wherein, The extension mechanism includes an extended excavation arm and a control mechanism, and the control mechanism is used to drive the extended excavation arm to move away from or close to the axis of the equipment passage well; The crushing mechanism is installed on the extended excavation arm; The length of the extended excavation arm is greater than 3 times the diameter of the equipment passage well.

4. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable morphology excavation system according to claim 3, wherein, The extended excavation device can at least make the crushing assembly expand a distance greater than 3 times the radius of the equipment passage well; The crushing mechanism is a rotary crushing tool or an impact crushing tool, When the crushing mechanism is a rotary crushing mechanism tool, the rotary crushing mechanism tool includes a reamer, a tunneling head or a cutting head. The major axis of the cross-section of the extended excavation device perpendicular to its own length direction does not exceed 3 times the maximum diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head or the cutting head. The length of the extended excavation arm is greater than 5 times the diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head or the cutting head. The maximum diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head or the cutting head is 30%-95% of the inner diameter of the equipment passage well; When the crushing mechanism is an impact crushing tool, the impact crushing tool includes a pneumatic pick or a drill tool. The major axis of the cross-section perpendicular to the length direction of the extended mining device does not exceed 8 times the maximum diameter of the pneumatic pick or the drill tool, and the length of the extended mining arm is greater than 10 times the diameter of the pneumatic pick or the drill tool.

5. A controllable morphology mining and excavation system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore, wherein, Comprising: An extended operation device, an ore particle lifting system, and at least one process well; The extended operation device includes an extended mining device and / or an extended collection device; The extended operation device can move along the process well, and the extended operation device can be transported to the operation position through the process well; The extended mining device is used to excavate a chamber along the process well; alternatively, the extended collection device is used to collect or suck ore particles in the chamber along the process well; Part of the ore particle lifting system is arranged in the process well, and the ore particles generated by the extended operation device can be transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system; the ore particle lifting system includes a return channel, and the ore particles are transported out through the return channel; one or more of the process wells are ore particle lifting process wells, and the return channel is arranged in the ore particle lifting process well.

6. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system according to claim 5, wherein, The wellhead of the process well is located on the ground surface or an offshore platform; When the wellhead of the process well is located on the ground surface, the inner diameter of the process well is less than 2 meters, the vertical depth is greater than 100 meters, and the major axis ratio is greater than 100; When the wellhead of the process well is located on an offshore platform, the inner diameter of the process well is less than 2 meters, and the process well includes at least 5 meters in seawater and at least another 20 meters in the formation underwater.

7. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system according to claim 5, wherein, The chamber and the process well are filled with a liquid having a density of 0.8 - 2.4 g / cm 3 .

8. The controllable shape excavation system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, wherein, The extended operation device further includes: A measurement module for measuring, sensing, or detecting mining operations or collection operations; A control module for controlling the operation of the extended operation device; The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system further includes a power line for obtaining energy for the extended operation device; the power line is arranged in the process well, and both ends of the power line can be respectively connected to the extended operation device and the power supply outside the wellhead when supplying energy to the extended operation device; The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system further includes a communication device for obtaining mining operation information outside the wellhead, and the communication device includes a wireless communication device and / or a communication line and / or a power line.

9. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system according to claim 5, wherein, At least one of the process wells is an equipment passage well; The extended mining device includes a crushing assembly and an extension assembly; the extension assembly is used to drive the crushing assembly to expand, so as to realize the contraction state and the expansion state of the extended mining device; the crushing assembly includes a power assembly and a crushing mechanism connected to the power assembly; When the extended mining device is in the contraction state, it can be transported through the equipment passage well.

10. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system according to claim 9, wherein, The extension assembly includes an extension arm and a control mechanism, and the control mechanism is used to drive the extension arm away from or close to the axis of the channel well; The crushing assembly is installed on the extension arm; The length of the extension arm is greater than three times the diameter of the channel well.

11. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 10, wherein, The extended mining device further includes an equipment body, the extension arm is installed on the equipment body, the crushing assembly is installed on the extension arm, the control mechanism is arranged between the equipment body and the extension arm, the control mechanism is used to drive the extension arm to expand, and the extension arm can drive the crushing assembly to move relative to the equipment body.

12. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 6, wherein, The extended working device includes an extended working device connected by a hinge structure, or an extended working device assembled by plugging with a plugging mechanism.

13. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 12, wherein, The extended working device includes an equipment body, the equipment body includes several sections connected by hinges, and a controllable hinge structure and / or a freely movable hinge structure are arranged between the sections; a traveling assembly is arranged on the equipment body.

14. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, wherein, The extended mining device includes an equipment body and an extension assembly for the extended mining range, the extension assembly includes an extension arm and a control mechanism, one end of the extension arm is connected to the equipment body, and a crushing assembly is arranged at the front or side of the extension arm; the control mechanism includes an electric drive actuator, a hydraulic actuator or a pneumatic actuator for controllably performing a deflection action; The extension assembly is configured as: the extension assembly includes a mining arm body rotatably connected to the equipment body and at least one main mining arm connected with a mining assembly or a rock splitting assembly, the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly is arranged at the front of the main mining arm, the mining arm body can rotate around the axis of the process well, and a rotary control component for driving the mining arm body to rotate is arranged between the mining arm body and the equipment body, and an extension control component for driving the main mining arm to move radially towards the process well is connected between the mining arm body and the main mining arm, the extension control component serves as a deflection module, and the rotary control component serves as a rotary module; Or, the extension assembly is a two-degree-of-freedom or multi-degree-of-freedom control mechanism, which can drive the extension arm to perform at least two-degree-of-freedom movement relative to the equipment body, and the extension arm and the equipment body are connected by hinge connection and / or rotational connection; Or, the extension assembly includes at least two controllable sections connected in sequence, the controllable sections are connected in sequence, each controllable section includes a front part and a rear part that are controlled to rotate relative to each other, and an opening and closing control component or a joint control component for driving the front part and the rear part to be controlled to rotate, and the opening and closing control component and / or the joint control component both serve as deflection modules; Alternatively, the extension assembly includes an extension arm composed of at least two controllable joints connected in sequence. The adjacent controllable joints are connected in sequence by means of hinge or rotational connection. A control mechanism is further provided at the rear end of the extension arm. The control mechanism includes a driver with at least two degrees of freedom control quantities. The driver pulls the controllable joints through a pulling force transmission structure to drive the extension arm to achieve three-dimensional movement. The driver serves as a biasing module, and the pulling force transmission structure is a rope, belt or chain. A power line is provided in the process well and / or other wells communicating with the process well.

15. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, wherein The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore includes a plurality of branch wells communicating with the process well; The extended operation device includes a crushing assembly, an extension assembly and an equipment body inserted into the branch well for mining operations. The extension assembly includes a front-end extension assembly and a lateral extension section. The front-end extension assembly is used to drive the crushing assembly to extend in the branch well and to extend and / or adjust the direction in the branch well passage; The curvature of the connection section between the branch well and the process well is greater than 1° / m. The extension assembly is connected to the equipment body through the lateral extension section. The lateral extension section includes a flexible pipe string or a plurality of articulated short sections connected in sequence; The configuration of the front-end extension assembly is: The front-end extension assembly includes an extension arm and a control mechanism for driving the extension arm to move. The extension arm is connected to the front end of the lateral extension section, and the crushing assembly is connected to the front end of the extension arm. The two ends of the extension arm move relatively in a direction away from the axis of the branch well under the action of a driving mechanism, and extended mining is achieved by means of reaming; The chamber formed after the three-dimensional extended mining operation of the branch well is a cavity. The ore particle lifting system further includes a shaft ore conveying device. The shaft ore conveying device conveys the mined ore to the outside of the wellhead through a channel well, or the process well further includes a discharge mine communicating with the cavity, the channel well and / or the branch well. The shaft ore conveying device conveys the mined ore to the outside of the wellhead through the discharge mine.

16. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 15, wherein The crushing assembly is arranged on the extension assembly. At least two control mechanisms or a two-degree-of-freedom control mechanism for driving the extension arm to move are further provided on the extension assembly. The crushing assembly is arranged at the front or side of the extension arm. The extension arm moves relatively in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the branch well under the action of the control mechanism to drive the crushing assembly to precisely crush the ore around the branch well.

17. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 15 or 16, wherein The extended mining device includes a mining assembly that performs mining in a rotary cutting form. A rotatable transmission shaft or a transmissible chain is provided in the extension assembly or the lateral extension section.

18. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 15, wherein A fixing device or a supporting device is provided at the connection between the extension arm and the lateral extension section for providing fixed support for the extension arm.

19. The controllable morphology mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 14, wherein the extension assembly includes short sections connected by a plurality of hinge structures, and an angle locking mechanism is provided at the hinge structures; the angle locking mechanism can lock the hinge structures to maintain the stability of the arm shape of the extension arm.

20. The controllable morphology mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the extension operation device includes the extension collection device, the extension collection device includes an extension collection assembly, a control mechanism and a collection arm, the extension collection assembly is installed on the collection arm, and the control mechanism is used to drive the collection arm to achieve extension; the extension collection assembly includes one or more of a rake, a suction dredging device, a ore suction pipe, a shovel, and a bucket.

21. The controllable morphology mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the extension operation device includes the extension collection device, the extension collection device includes an extension collection assembly, a control mechanism and an extension assembly, the extension collection assembly is installed at the end of the extension assembly, and the control mechanism is used to drive the extension assembly to achieve extension; The extension collection assembly is configured as follows: the extension collection assembly includes one or more of a rake, a shovel, a skip, a shovel or a bucket for dredging, shoveling or grasping large ore pieces; the extension collection assembly further includes a collection driving mechanism for driving the extension collection assembly to perform loading actions such as clamping and shoveling; and / or, the extension collection assembly is an ore suction pipe, the ore suction pipe is arranged inside the extension assembly, or the ore suction pipe is fixedly connected to the front part of the extension assembly, and the ore suction pipe is used to suck ore particles within the range of the chamber under the drive of the extension assembly.

22. The controllable morphology mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the extension operation device is an extension collection device, the extension collection device includes a traveling assembly capable of driving it to move in the process well, or the extension collection device includes a traveling device capable of driving the extension collection device to move in the process well; wherein, the extension collection device includes a three-dimensional extension arm for realizing three-dimensional volume crushing of controllable morphology and collecting ore particles in the chamber; the three-dimensional extension arm includes a controlled driving mechanism for driving the three-dimensional extension arm to drive the primary crushing assembly to move controllably; the extension collection device has at least one minimum cross-section, and the equivalent diameter of the minimum cross-section is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well, so that the extension collection device can enter the chamber and / or the process well; the extension collection device includes an extension collection assembly for dredging, shoveling or grasping ore to collect, move, grasp or dredge the ore. The extended collection device further includes a traveling assembly capable of driving it to move in the process well, or the extended collection device further includes a traveling device capable of driving the extended collection device to move in the process well; the chamber communicates with the wellhead of the process well, and the process well includes a particle flow lifting channel, and the ore particles in the chamber are discharged out of the wellhead of the process well through the process well.

23. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled well chamber according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein The ore particle lifting system includes a re-crushing device, and the ore particles are crushed by the re-crushing device and then transported to the return discharge channel.

24. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled well chamber according to claim 23, wherein The re-crushing device includes a crushing part, a housing and a driving mechanism; the crushing part is a jaw, rod, roller, cone or gravel rotor, the outer diameter of the housing is less than 2 meters and can pass through the process well, and the driving mechanism is an electric motor, a hydraulic motor or a pneumatic motor.

25. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled well chamber according to claim 24, wherein The housing includes an input end and an output end, the inlet end of the housing communicates with the chamber, and the output end communicates with the return discharge channel; the crushing part is arranged inside the housing; When the crushing part is a jaw or a rod, the jaw or the rod is hinged to the housing through the driving mechanism, and the jaw or the rod makes an opening and closing movement along a direction away from or close to the axis of the housing under the drive of the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line; Or, when the crushing part is a roller, the roller is rotatably connected to the housing, the roller is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line; Or, when the crushing part is a cone, the cone is rotatably connected or swing-connected to the housing, the maximum diameter of the cone is less than the inner diameter of the process well, the cone is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line; Or, when the crushing part is a gravel rotor, the gravel rotor is rotatably connected to the housing, the diameter of the gravel rotor is less than the inner diameter of the process well, the gravel rotor is in transmission connection with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line.

26. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled well chamber according to claim 24, wherein The re-crushing device is arranged at the front end of the return discharge channel, and the outlet end of the re-crushing device is hermetically connected to the return discharge channel; When the crushing part is a jaw or a rod, the jaw or the rod makes an opening and closing movement along a direction away from or close to the axis of the front end of the return discharge channel under the drive of the driving mechanism; Or, when the crushing part is a roller, the diameter of the roller is less than the inner diameter of the process well for accommodating the return discharge channel, and the rotation axis of the roller is arranged along the axis of the front end of the return discharge channel; Or, when the crushing part is a cone, the maximum diameter of the cone is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well for accommodating the backflow channel, and the installation axis of the cone is arranged along the axis of the front end of the backflow channel; Or, when the crushing part is a gravel rotor, the diameter of the gravel rotor is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well for accommodating the backflow channel, and the rotation axis of the gravel rotor is arranged along the axis of the front end of the backflow channel.

27. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 10, 14 or 15, wherein, At least two crushing assemblies are installed along the extension arm: the two crushing assemblies are arranged at different positions on the extension arm to increase the crushing range of the extension arm, so that a wider range on the extension arm has the crushing ability, which is convenient for the expansion of the chamber; or, the at least two crushing assemblies are at least two tunneling heads, and the two tunneling heads are arranged coaxially and rotate in opposite directions.

28. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, wherein, The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore includes at least one of the extension mining devices and at least one auxiliary mining device; the auxiliary mining device includes an in-situ primary crushing device and an in-situ secondary crushing device, and the extension mining device can also be configured as an auxiliary mining device; The combined configuration of at least one of the extension mining devices and at least one auxiliary mining device is: Including an in-situ primary crushing device and an extension mining device, which are respectively used for initially crushing rocks and crushing the rocks into smaller particles on the basis of the initial crushing; Or, including an extension mining device and an in-situ secondary crushing device, which are respectively used for initially crushing rocks and crushing the rocks into smaller particles on the basis of the initial crushing; Or, at least two extension mining devices, which are respectively used for initially crushing rocks and crushing the rocks into smaller particles on the basis of the initial crushing.

29. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 9, 14, 15 or 28, wherein, The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore further includes an in-situ primary crushing device for pre-crushing rocks, and the extension mining device is used for secondary crushing of the rocks crushed by the in-situ primary crushing device to make them reach a transportable size; the in-situ primary crushing device includes a traveling assembly capable of driving it to move in the process well, or, the in-situ primary crushing device includes a traveling device capable of driving it to move in the process well, or, the in-situ primary crushing device is connected to the front end of the pipe string; The in-situ primary crushing device can move along the process well under the drive of the traveling assembly, the traveling device or the pipe string and cooperate with the extension mining device; The in-situ primary crushing device includes a rock splitting assembly, and the rock splitting assembly is used for initially crushing the rock mass near the mining position; a crushing assembly is installed at the front end of the extension assembly of the extension mining device, and the crushing assembly is used for secondary crushing of the rock. The described in-situ primary crushing device and the extended mining device are driven by their respective traveling assemblies, traveling devices, or pipe strings. The operating position of the in-situ primary crushing device is within 30 meters of the mining position of the extended mining device. The in-situ primary crushing device and the extended mining device operate successively or synchronously.

30. The controllable shape mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 29, wherein The controllable shape mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore further includes a process well system having a vertical depth section and a horizontal displacement section. The process well system includes a main process well and multiple auxiliary process wells, and the auxiliary process wells communicate with the main process well. The in-situ primary crushing device is arranged in the auxiliary process well, and the in-situ primary crushing device is used to crush ore or fracture ore according to the extension trajectory of the auxiliary process well to form the controllable shape chamber.

31. The controllable shape mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 9, 14, 15, or 28, wherein The controllable shape mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore further includes an in-situ secondary crushing device. The in-situ secondary crushing device includes a traveling assembly capable of driving it to move in the process well, or the in-situ secondary crushing device includes a traveling device capable of driving it to move in the process well, or the in-situ secondary crushing device is connected to the front end of the pipe string. The in-situ secondary crushing device can move along the process well under the drive of the traveling assembly, the traveling device, or the pipe string and cooperate with the extended mining device. The in-situ secondary crushing device includes a crushing assembly, and the crushing assembly is used to extend into the chamber or perform secondary crushing on the fallen rocks or the large rocks mined by the extended crushing device inside the chamber. The extended mining device and the in-situ secondary crushing device are driven by their respective traveling assemblies, traveling devices, or pipe strings. The extended mining device and the in-situ secondary crushing device are located in the same chamber simultaneously or successively to cooperate.

32. The controllable shape mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 31, wherein The controllable shape mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore further includes a cooperative well group. The cooperative well group includes at least two mutually parallel process well sections. The distance between at least two mutually parallel process well sections is less than 30 meters and can achieve cooperative operation. The central axes of the two process well sections are mutually parallel or approximately parallel. The two mutually parallel process well sections are respectively used to accommodate the extended mining device and the in-situ secondary crushing device.

33. The controllable shape mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 31, wherein The in-situ secondary crushing device includes a crushing assembly and a power assembly. The in-situ secondary crushing device further includes a fixing device or a supporting device. The crushing assembly is a reamer assembly, an impact crusher assembly, or an impact crushing assembly. When the crushing assembly is a reamer assembly, the reamer assembly includes a reamer, the diameter of the reamer is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well, the rotation axis of the reamer is arranged along the axis of the front end of the fluid return channel, the reamer assembly is in transmission connection with the power assembly, and the power assembly is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line; Or, when the crushing assembly is a jaw crusher assembly, the jaw crusher assembly includes a connecting body and a crushing jaw, the crushing jaw is hinged to the connecting body, the power assembly is respectively connected to the connecting body and the crushing jaw, and the crushing jaw makes an opening and closing movement along the axis away from or close to the front end of the fluid return channel under the drive of the power assembly, and the power assembly is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line; Or, when the crushing assembly is an impact crushing assembly, the impact crushing assembly includes an impact head and an impact equipment body, the impact head is slidably connected to the impact equipment body, the impact head is in transmission connection with the power assembly, and the impact head reciprocates along the axis of the front end of the expansion assembly under the drive of the power assembly, and the power assembly is connected to a power source outside the wellhead through a power line.

34. The controllable shape mining system for deep formation fluid-filled wellbore according to claim 9, 14, 15 or 28, wherein, The controllable shape mining system for deep formation fluid-filled wellbore includes at least two expansion mining devices, and the two expansion mining devices can move along the process well where they are located and cooperate with each other under the drive of a traveling assembly, a traveling device or a pipe string; or, the two expansion mining devices are located in the same chamber at the same time or successively to cooperate with each other.

35. The controllable shape mining system for deep formation fluid-filled wellbore according to claim 34, wherein, The controllable shape mining system for deep formation fluid-filled wellbore further includes an equipment room communication device, and the equipment room communication device is used for communication between at least two sets of the expansion mining devices; Wherein, the equipment room communication device includes underwater acoustic communication, wireless communication, magnetic communication and / or laser communication.

36. The controllable shape mining system for deep formation fluid-filled wellbore according to claim 34, wherein, The controllable shape mining system for deep formation fluid-filled wellbore further includes an equipment room positioning device, and the equipment room positioning device is used to determine the spatial position relationship between at least two sets of the expansion mining devices.

37. The controllable shape mining system for deep formation fluid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, 6, 9, 14 or 15, wherein, The expansion mining device further includes a three-dimensional extension mechanism and a fixing device and / or a locking device for preventing the three-dimensional extension mechanism from tipping or rolling over, The fixing device includes a fixing component that reciprocates radially along the process well and a reciprocating driving component that drives the fixing component to reciprocate, and the fixing component is connected to the equipment body of the expansion mining device and / or a fixture in the process well. When the fixing device is pressed against or locked between the equipment body of the expansion mining device and the inner wall of the process well, the position of the expansion mining device is fixed by the fixing device; Alternatively, the fixing device includes a fixing component with controllable opening and closing for preventing the three-dimensional extension mechanism from tipping or rolling over, and a driving component for driving the fixing component to open and close relative to the equipment body of the extended excavation device. The fixing device is connected to the equipment body of the extended excavation device. The fixing component is hinged to the equipment body of the extended excavation device. When the driving component drives the fixing component to open relative to the equipment body of the extended excavation device, it abuts against or locks between the equipment body of the extended excavation device and the inner wall of the process well to achieve fixation, and vice versa to release the fixation; Alternatively, the fixing device includes two guiding structures that slide relative to each other along the axis of the process well. The two guiding structures are respectively fixedly connected to the equipment body of the extended excavation device and the fixture in the process well; Alternatively, the fixing device includes at least one supporting mechanism arranged at the front end of the extended excavation device. The supporting mechanism includes a supporting rod rotatably connected to the extended excavation device and a retracting and extending driving mechanism for driving the supporting rod to rotate. The supporting rod is a rod body with a fixed length or a controllably telescopic rod; Alternatively, the extended operation device includes an equipment body, and the equipment body includes a number of controllable joints that are hinged to each other. A controllable hinge structure and / or a freely movable hinge structure are arranged between the controllable joints; a traveling assembly is arranged on the equipment body; when the lateral extension section of the equipment body or the extended assembly includes a number of controllable joints, the lateral extension section of the equipment body or the extended assembly can also be configured as a fixing device, and the controllable joints include a joint control component for driving the number of controllable joints to controllably bend against the well wall.

38. The controllable shape excavation system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, 6, 9, 14 or 15, wherein, The extended operation device further includes an equipment body and a supporting device for supporting and preventing the equipment from tipping over. The supporting device can extend in the chamber to support the extended operation device to prevent it from tipping over; The supporting device includes controllably telescopic or opening / closing supporting legs, or a controllably bendable equipment body; The supporting device includes a control mechanism with at least one degree of freedom control quantity to control the overall switching of the extended excavation device between the retracted and deployed states or to control the extended excavation device to increase the excavation operation range.

39. The controllable shape excavation system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 37, wherein, The extended operation device includes a traveling module. The traveling module is a component of the equipment body of the extended operation device, or the traveling module is an independent module detachably connected to the equipment body of the extended operation device; The traveling module includes a fixing component and a reciprocating driving component. The fixing component is a claw, and the reciprocating driving component is a telescopic control module connected between the equipment body of the extended operation device and the claw; Alternatively, the fixing component is a supporting leg connected to the equipment body of the extended operation device, and the reciprocating driving component is a push-pull control module hinged between the supporting leg and the equipment body of the extended operation device; Or, the fixing component is a bolt that is slidably engaged with the equipment body of the extended operation device, the reciprocating driving component is a sliding driving module for driving the bolt to slide, and a slot for inserting the bolt is further provided on the well wall of the channel well or a fixture within the channel well; Or, when the equipment body of the extended operation device or the lateral extension section of the extended assembly includes a plurality of controllable joints, the equipment body or the lateral extension section of the extended operation device can also be configured as a traveling module, and the controllable joints include a joint control component for driving the extended operation device to move in a serpentine motion, telescopic motion, peristaltic motion, meandering motion, or spring motion.

40. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 6, wherein, The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore includes a traction device, the traction device is connected to the extended mining device, and the traction device includes a traction cable, a locking device, a traction pipe string, a return pipe, or a traction rod.

41. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, 6, 9, 14, or 15, wherein, The extended mining device further includes a power line; The structural form of the power line is a flexible cable or a rigid pipeline; the power line includes one or more of a cable, a hydraulic pipeline, a high-pressure fluid pipeline, a chemical agent pipeline, or a pneumatic pipeline, and the energy forms transmitted by the power line include electric energy, pressure energy, or chemical energy; one end of the power line is connected to the wellbore expansion mining device underground, and the other end of the power line is connected to a power source outside the wellhead, and the energy forms provided by the power line to the wellbore expansion mining device include electric energy, pressure energy, and / or chemical energy.

42. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 10, 14, or 15, wherein, The extended mining device can at least expand the crushing assembly by a distance greater than 3 times the radius of the process well; The crushing assembly is a rotary crushing tool or an impact crushing tool; When the crushing assembly is a rotary crushing tool, the rotary crushing tool includes a reamer, a tunneling head, or a cutting head, the major axis of the cross-section of the extended mining device perpendicular to its own length direction is less than or equal to 3 times the maximum diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head, or the cutting head, the length of the extended arm is greater than 5 times the diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head, or the cutting head, and the maximum diameter of the reamer, the tunneling head, or the cutting head is 30%-95% of the inner diameter of the process well; When the crushing assembly is an impact crushing tool, the impact crushing tool includes a pick or a drill tool, the major axis of the cross-section of the extended mining device perpendicular to its own length direction is less than or equal to 8 times the maximum diameter of the pick or the drill tool, and the length of the extended arm is greater than 10 times the diameter of the pick or the drill tool.

43. The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 5, 6, or 7, wherein, The controllable morphology mining system for deep formation liquid-filled wellbore further includes a control terminal located outside the well and a wireless communication device or communication line for realizing communication, The extended acquisition device is provided with sensors, and data is transmitted between the sensors and the control terminal through a wireless communication device or a communication line; When communicating using the communication line, the communication line passes through the process well or other process wells. The wellhead end of the communication line is communicatively connected to the control terminal, and the well bottom end of the communication line is communicatively connected to sensors or detection devices provided on the extended mining device and / or the extended acquisition device; The detection devices are installed on the extended mining device and / or the extended acquisition device. The detection devices include a video detection module, radar, sonar, and / or lidar, and the detection devices are communicatively connected to the control terminal; The sensors include a flow meter, an ore particle concentration meter, a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a laser detection device, an acoustic detection device, and / or an electromagnetic detection device. The sensors are used to detect the operating state of the extended mining device and / or the extended acquisition device, the shape of the chamber, and / or the state of the rock mass.

44. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein, The ore particle lifting system has an ore particle suction port, and the ore particle suction port is located in front of, on the side of, or below the extended mining device.

45. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system according to claim 44, wherein, The ore particle lifting system further includes an ore particle screen, and the ore particle screen is arranged at the inlet end of the return channel or the ore particle screen is arranged on the communication path between the chamber and the return channel. The ore particle screen is used to screen out the ore particles that the ore particle lifting system can transport; When the ore particle lifting system is a shaft hydraulic ore transportation system, the median value of the broken particle size of the ore particles generated by the extended mining device and / or the extended acquisition device is less than 20% of the inner diameter of the ore transportation pipe or the discharge shaft, and the effective aperture of the ore particle screen is less than 30% of the inner diameter of the ore transportation pipe or the discharge shaft; Or, when the ore particle lifting system is a shaft mechanical ore transportation system, the median value of the broken particle size of the ore particles generated by the extended mining device and / or the extended acquisition device is less than 50% of the inner diameter of the ore transportation pipe or the discharge shaft, and the effective aperture of the ore particle screen is less than 80% of the inner diameter of the ore transportation pipe or the discharge shaft.

46. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system according to claim 10, wherein, A flow channel is arranged inside the crushing assembly, and the port of the flow channel is used to spray fluid towards the extended mining device or the rock near the crushing assembly; The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system further includes a circulating liquid pump, and the circulating liquid pump is connected to the flow channel through a circulating liquid pipeline.

47. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining system according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein, The ore particle lifting system is a pumping lifting system, which also includes an ore particle pump arranged underground. The ore particle pump is located in the middle or lower part of the return channel, and the outer diameter of the ore particle pump is smaller than the inner diameter of the process well.

48. The deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein: The ore particle lifting system is a pumping lifting system, and the ore particle lifting system includes a flowback channel and an ore particle pump, the ore particle pump is installed on the extended mining device, and the ore particle pump is connected to the flowback channel; Alternatively, the ore particle lifting system is a mixed lifting system, and the mixed lifting system further includes a low-density particle flow injection channel and a low-density particle flow injection pump for conveying the low-density particle flow.

49. The deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system according to claim 6, wherein: The deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system comprises at least two process wells. One of the process wells is an equipment passage well, and the equipment passage well has a through passage for lifting or lowering the extended mining device. In addition, at least one of the process wells is a ore lifting process well, and an ore particle lifting system is arranged in the ore lifting process well.

50. The deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 49, wherein: At least one of the process wells is used as an equipment access well, and the deep formation liquid-filled well controllable form mining system and mining method include: Chamber operations are carried out along the equipment passage shaft from a plurality of preset starting points in the equipment passage shaft, and mining is realized in the form of multiple chambers.

51. The deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein: The deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system also includes an extended filling device, which is used to isolate the mining space and the filling space along the process well to facilitate filling; The extended filling device is a type of extended operating device, and the extended filling device is connected to the side of the extended mining device away from the travel direction and moves synchronously with the extended mining device; or, the extended filling device includes a travel assembly that can drive it to move in the process well; or, the extended filling device includes a travel device that can drive it to move in the process well, or, the extended filling device is driven by a pipe string.

52. The deep formation liquid-filled well controllable shape mining system according to claim 51, wherein: The expansion filling device includes a device body, a driving mechanism and a flexible baffle assembly; the flexible baffle assembly specifically includes an umbrella-shaped baffle assembly or a sac-shaped baffle assembly; The umbrella-shaped partition assembly is a controllable opening and closing umbrella-shaped partition assembly, which includes an umbrella skeleton, a driving mechanism and a flexible fabric. The driving mechanism is used to drive the umbrella-shaped partition assembly to open or close; alternatively, the sac-shaped partition assembly is a controllable expansion and contraction partition sac; the sac-shaped partition assembly includes a sac outer skin and a liquid injection and drainage device, and the liquid injection and drainage device is used to control the injection and / or discharge of fluid and drive the sac-shaped partition assembly to expand to achieve partitioning.

53. The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore according to claim 52, wherein The expansion filling device further includes a filling screen, and the inflow end and the outflow end of the filling screen are respectively communicated with both sides of the flexible partition assembly.

54. A controllable shape mining method for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore, which is implemented by using the controllable shape excavation system for the deep formation liquid-filled wellbore described in claim 6, wherein, The mining method includes the following steps: Step S10: Drill a process well; Step S20: Arrange the expansion operation device at the operation position of the process well, and at least part of the ore particle lifting system is arranged in the process well and connected to the expansion mining device; Step S30: The expansion operation device starts to operate, and the ore particles are transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system.

55. A controllable shape mining method for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore, which is implemented by using the controllable shape excavation system for the deep formation liquid-filled wellbore described in claim 6, wherein, The mining method includes the following steps: Step S10: Drill a process well; Step S20: Arrange an expansion operation device at the operation position of the process well for preliminary crushing; Step S30: Arrange another expansion operation device at the operation position of the process well for re-crushing, arrange at least part of the ore particle lifting system in the process well and connect it to the expansion mining device; Step S40: The expansion operation device starts to operate, and the ore particles are transported to the wellhead through the ore particle lifting system.

56. A controllable form mining and excavation system for a liquid-filled wellbore in deep strata, wherein, The controllable shape mining system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore includes a channel well connected to the mining position, a three-dimensional controllable expansion mining device that performs mining operations based on the channel well, a measurement and control device for realizing at least one function including measuring operation state parameters and controlling the operation of the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining device, a power line for supplying energy to the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining device, a shaft ore transportation device for transporting ore, a traveling module for driving the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining device to move along the channel well, and a support liquid filled in the channel well. The three-dimensional controllable expansion mining device includes a device body and a three-dimensional expansion section for expanding the mining range. One end of the three-dimensional expansion section is connected to the device body, and the other end is connected with a mining assembly or a rock splitting assembly. The three-dimensional expansion section has a deflection module and / or a rotation module. The deflection module drives the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to move in a direction deviating from the axis of the channel well, and the rotation module drives the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to rotate around the axis of the channel well or the axis of the device body to drive the mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly to expand the mining range. The deflection module and the rotation module include an electric drive actuator, a hydraulic actuator or a pneumatic actuator for controllably performing the deflection action. The three-dimensional expansion section is configured as: The three-dimensional extension section includes a mining arm body rotatably connected to the equipment body and at least one main mining arm connected to a mining assembly or a rock splitting assembly. The mining assembly or the rock splitting assembly is arranged at the front end of the main mining arm. The mining arm body can rotate around the axis of the channel well. A swing control assembly for driving the mining arm body to rotate is provided between the mining arm body and the equipment body. An extension control assembly for driving the main mining arm to move radially towards the channel well is connected between the mining arm body and the main mining arm. The extension control assembly serves as a deflection module, and the swing control assembly serves as a swing module; Alternatively, the three-dimensional extension section is a double-degree-of-freedom or multi-degree-of-freedom mining arm. The three-dimensional extension section is connected to the equipment body by means of hinge connection and / or rotary connection. At least two drive assemblies or at least one double-axis drive assembly are further connected between the three-dimensional extension section and the equipment body, enabling control of the double degrees of freedom of the three-dimensional extension section. The total length of the three-dimensional extension section is greater than three times the diameter of the channel well. The drive assembly serves as a deflection module and / or a swing module; Alternatively, the three-dimensional extension section includes at least two controllable joints connected in sequence. The controllable joints are fixedly connected in sequence. Each controllable joint includes a front part and a rear part that are controlled to rotate relative to each other, and an opening / closing control assembly and / or a joint control assembly for driving the front part and the rear part to be controlled to rotate. The opening / closing control assembly and the joint control assembly both serve as deflection modules; Alternatively, the three-dimensional extension section includes several at least two controllable joints connected in sequence. The adjacent controllable joints are sequentially connected in a hinged or rotatable connection manner. An extension control mechanism is further provided at the rear end of the three-dimensional extension section. The extension control mechanism includes a driver with at least two degrees of freedom control quantities. The driver pulls the controllable joints of the three-dimensional extension section through a pulling force transmission structure to drive the three-dimensional extension section to achieve three-dimensional movement. The driver serves as a deflection module, and the pulling force transmission structure is a rope, a belt, or a chain; The traveling module of the controllable form deep formation liquid-filled wellbore expansion mining system is an integral part of the equipment body, or the traveling module is an independent module detachably connected to the equipment body. The power line is laid in the channel well and / or other process wells communicating with the channel well.

57. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable shape mining and excavation system according to claim 56, wherein, The wellbore expansion mining system further includes a fixing device for preventing the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment from tipping or rolling over. The fixing device is configured as follows: The fixing device includes a fixing component that reciprocates radially along the channel well and a reciprocating drive component for driving the fixing component to reciprocate. The fixing device is arranged on the equipment body of the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment and / or on a fixture in the channel well. When the fixing device extends and abuts tightly between the equipment body and the fixture, the position of the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment is locked by the fixing device; And / or, the fixing device includes two guiding structures that slidably cooperate with each other. The two guiding structures are respectively fixedly connected to the equipment body of the three-dimensional controllable expansion mining equipment and the fixture in the channel well.

58. The deep formation liquid-filled wellbore controllable form mining system according to claim 57, wherein, When the fixing device includes a fixing component and a reciprocating driving component, the fixing component is a claw, and the reciprocating driving component is a telescopic control module connected between the equipment body and the claw; or the fixing component is a support leg connected to the equipment body, and the reciprocating driving component is a push-pull control module hinged between the support leg and the equipment body; or the fixing component is a bolt slidably matched with the equipment body, the reciprocating driving component is a sliding driving module for driving the bolt to slide, and a slot for the bolt to insert is further provided on the well wall of the shaft or the fixture in the shaft.

59. The controllable shape mining and excavation system for a deep formation liquid-filled wellbore as described in claim 57, wherein, In the case where the fixing device includes two guiding structures that are slidably matched with each other, the fixing device includes: a guiding groove formed on the fixture in the shaft and a protrusion provided on the side surface of the equipment body, the guiding groove extends along the length direction of the shaft, the protrusion is slidably matched with the guiding groove, and at least one set of the mutually matched protrusion and guiding groove is provided; or a guiding strip provided on the fixture in the shaft and a groove formed on the side surface of the equipment body, the guiding strip extends along the length direction of the shaft, the guiding strip is slidably matched with the groove, and at least one set of the mutually matched guiding strip and groove is provided.

60. A controllable form mining method for a deep formation liquid-filled shaft roadway, which is implemented by using the controllable form excavation system for the deep formation liquid-filled shaft roadway described in any one of claims 56-59, wherein, The mining method includes the following steps: Step S10: Transport the three-dimensional controllable extended mining equipment to the mining position through the shaft; Step S20: Control the three-dimensional controllable extended mining equipment to excavate a chamber and continuously inject support liquid into the chamber; Step S30: Control the shaft ore conveying device to continuously collect the mined ore; Step S40: Move the three-dimensional controllable extended mining equipment and repeat Step S20 to Step S30 to excavate a chamber group; Step S50: Fill each chamber after the mining operation is completed.

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