Ceramic material

Abstract

Provided is a ceramic material with improved design. The ceramic material includes a base material and a design material. At least a part of the design material mixed in the base material is randomly distributed and exposed on the surface. The random degree is represented by the formula {(dmax-dmin) / dav } × 100, and is preferably 3% or more. Preferably, the ceramic material, while having an excellent design, enables almost the same design to be obtained on the surface and on cross-section by randomly distributing the design material.

Description

Ceramic materials

[0001] The present disclosure relates to ceramic materials.

[0002] Ceramic materials have been known for use in the exterior and interior walls, roofs, etc. of buildings. In conventional ceramic materials, designs have been formed by molding a pattern using a mold or by painting with paint. However, in recent years, there has been a need for designs with a natural texture, and ceramic materials with designs closer to a natural texture have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-020157

[0004] The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 involves impact processing the surface layer of a molded body, removing all or part of the surface layer to expose the interior, thereby obtaining an exterior material with excellent design. However, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 requires the skill, effort, and cost of impact processing, as the material that forms the design does not appear on the surface in its natural state. Meanwhile, there has been a demand for the development of ceramic materials with better design that make use of the material's original texture.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in view of the above, and aims to provide a ceramic material with better designability.

[0006] The present disclosure relates to a ceramic material comprising a substrate and a decorative material, wherein at least a portion of the decorative material mixed into the substrate is exposed on the surface in a randomly distributed manner.

[0007] <Ceramic Material> The ceramic material according to this embodiment includes a base material and a decorative material. Portions of the decorative material are randomly distributed and exposed on the surface of the ceramic material, and the color and shape of the material itself used as the decorative material form the design. This allows a design with a natural feel to be realized. The uses of the ceramic material are not particularly limited, but can be used, for example, as decorative panels for the exterior or interior walls of buildings, exterior structural components such as gate sleeves and fences, roofing materials, partitions, etc.

[0008] (Substrate) As the substrate, any material used for ceramic materials can be used without any particular limitation, including, for example, cement, aggregate, pulp, silica sand, coloring material, waste material, etc.

[0009] Examples of cement include, but are not limited to, ordinary Portland cement, high-early-strength cement, alumina cement, magnesia cement, etc. Examples of aggregate include lightweight aggregate and silica stone. Examples of lightweight aggregate include perlite, pumice, and shirasu balloons. Examples of pulp include, but are not limited to, various pulp materials such as wood pulp (N-wood pulp, L-wood pulp, etc.), waste paper pulp, mechanical pulp, and chemical pulp. Examples of silica sand include, but are not limited to, artificial silica sand produced by crushing and classifying quartz, and natural silica sand collected and classified in the form of quartz sand from land, estuaries, coasts, etc. Examples of waste materials include fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, and recycled materials (crushed scraps generated during the hardened body manufacturing process).

[0010] [Coloring Material] The substrate may contain a coloring material as needed. The coloring material is used for the purpose of coloring the substrate. The coloring material is not particularly limited, but preferably contains a carbonized material obtained by carbonizing waste materials or biomass materials. This allows the CO ２ The coloring agent can be fixed to the ceramic material. A specific example of the coloring agent is bamboo charcoal. The coloring agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0011] [Water Repellent] The substrate preferably contains a water repellent. Because the ceramic material according to this embodiment contains a decorative material, depending on the quality of the decorative material, it is expected that the water absorption rate of the ceramic material will be higher than that of ceramic materials that do not contain a decorative material. If the water absorption rate of a ceramic material is high, there is a risk of frost damage or changes in the design after thawing. By incorporating a water repellent into the ceramic material, the above-mentioned situations can be prevented. The content of the water repellent is preferably 0.01 to 5 mass% solids mass ratio based on the total weight of the solids of the ceramic material. The content of the water repellent is more preferably 0.1 to 2.5 mass%, and even more preferably 0.2 to 1.2 mass%.

[0012] In addition to the above components, the base material may contain known components that can be contained in ceramic building materials, within the scope that does not impair the effects of the present disclosure. For example, aggregates such as fine aggregate and coarse aggregate other than those described above, mica, reinforcing fibers (such as polypropylene), wood fibers, water-reducing agents, retarders, foaming agents, antifoaming agents, etc.

[0013] (Design Material) At least a part of the design material is exposed on the surface of the ceramic material. The design material is added for the purpose of imparting design to the ceramic material. The design material preferably contains a carbonized material obtained by carbonizing waste material or biomass material. This allows CO ２ can be fixed to ceramic materials. Specific examples of carbonizable materials (materials that can be carbonized) used as design materials include smoked charcoal, coconut shells, peanut shells, pine cones, edamame shells, flower petals, cedar, chestnuts, resin, fruit peels, cow and pig manure, mushroom tips and stubs, and plum seeds. Of the above design materials, materials other than those already carbonized do not need to be carbonized. Design materials other than carbonizable materials may also be used, such as vermiculite, eggshells, and seashells. One type of design material may be used, or two or more types may be combined. It is preferable to use at least two types of design materials, a first design material and a second design material, in combination. This allows for a more natural-looking design. In the following description, the first design material may be described as smoked charcoal, and the second design material as vermiculite. In addition to the above, decorative materials having a moisture-regulating function or a function of imparting a fragrance may also be used.

[0014] In the ceramic material of this embodiment, the decorative material is dispersed almost uniformly inside, so the design of the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface (sometimes referred to as the side) of the ceramic material can be made almost identical.

[0015] <Particle Size of Design Material> In the ceramic material of this embodiment, the particle size distribution of the design material appearing on the ceramic material surface is preferably 500 to 10,000 μm. The particle size distribution is more preferably 500 to 6,000 μm, and even more preferably 500 to 4,390 μm. When the design material includes a first design material and a second design material, the particle size distribution of the first design material is more preferably 500 to 5,000 μm, and even more preferably 500 to 4,500 μm. The particle size distribution of the second design material is more preferably 500 to 6,000 μm, and even more preferably 600 to 4,537.4 μm. The particle size distribution can be measured using a digital microscope VHX-6000 (manufactured by Keyence Corporation). When determining the particle size using a microscope, for example, three or more particles can be arbitrarily selected and the particle size can be calculated as the average value.

[0016] When the decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material, the particle size distribution difference between the first decorative material and the second decorative material, that is, the difference in D90 (90% particle size by number) and the difference in D50 (50% particle size by number) (D90 - D50), are preferably both 0 to 9.9 mm. The particle size difference is more preferably 0 to 6.8 mm, and even more preferably 0 to 4.13 mm.

[0017] When comparing the particle sizes of the first and second design materials distributed on the surface of the ceramic material of this embodiment with the particle sizes of the first and second design materials distributed on the cut surface, the difference (D90 - D50) between the D90 (90% particle size by number) and D50 (50% particle size by number) of the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material for the first design material is preferably 0 to 8.7 mm. The difference is more preferably 0 to 5.8 mm, and even more preferably 0 to 2.98 mm. The difference (D90 - D50) between the D90 (90% particle size by number) and D50 (50% particle size by number) of the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material for the second design material is preferably 0 to 9.3 mm. The difference is more preferably 0 to 6.9 mm, and even more preferably 0 to 4.17 mm. This allows the surface design of the ceramic material and the cut surface design to be almost identical.

[0018] The particle diameters of the decorative material distributed on the surface of the ceramic material in this embodiment are preferably D90 1.40 to 9.61 mm, D50 0.53 to 9.61 mm, and D10 0.24 to 1.52 mm. In this specification and claims, D90, D50, and D10 refer to the 90%, 50%, and 10% cumulative particle diameters based on the number of particles, respectively. D90 is preferably 1.4 to 5.68 mm, and more preferably 1.4 to 2.84 mm. When the decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material, the D90 of the first decorative material is preferably 1.4 to 9.61 mm, and more preferably 1.4 to 1.60 mm. The D90 of the second decorative material is preferably 2.08 to 5.68 mm, and more preferably 2.08 to 2.84 mm. The D50 of the first decorative material is preferably 0.53 to 3.92 mm, more preferably 0.53 to 1.20 mm. The D50 of the second decorative material is preferably 0.67 to 1.86 mm, more preferably 0.67 to 0.93 mm. The D10 of the first decorative material is preferably 0.25 to 1.52 mm, more preferably 0.25 to 0.60 mm. The D10 of the second decorative material is preferably 0.24 to 0.76 mm, more preferably 0.24 to 0.38 mm.

[0019] When comparing the particle diameter of the design material distributed on the surface of the ceramic material of this embodiment with the particle diameter of the design material distributed on the cut surface, it is preferable that the difference between the D90 of the design material on the surface and the D90 of the design material on the cut surface be 4.0 mm or less. The difference is more preferably 3.26 mm or less, and even more preferably 2.52 mm or less. When the design materials include a first design material and a second design material, the difference in the D90 of the first design material is more preferably 2.25 mm or less, and even more preferably 1.39 mm or less. The difference in the D90 of the second design material is more preferably 3.26 mm or less, and even more preferably 2.52 mm or less. This allows the design on the surface of the ceramic material and the design on the cut surface to be substantially identical.

[0020] When comparing the particle diameter of the design material distributed on the surface of the ceramic material of this embodiment with the particle diameter of the design material distributed on the cut surface, it is preferable that the difference between the D10 of the design material on the surface and the D10 of the design material on the cut surface be 0.6 mm or less. The difference is more preferably 0.36 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.13 mm or less. When the design materials include a first design material and a second design material, the difference in D10 of the first design material is more preferably 0.25 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.10 mm or less. The difference in D10 of the second design material is more preferably 0.36 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.13 mm or less. This allows the design on the surface of the ceramic material and the design on the cut surface to be substantially identical.

[0021] (Standard deviation of particle size) When comparing the standard deviation of the particle size of the design material distributed on the surface of the ceramic material of this embodiment with the standard deviation of the particle size of the design material distributed on the cut surface, the difference between the standard deviation of the design material on the surface and the standard deviation of the design material on the cut surface is preferably 1.00 mm or less. The difference is more preferably 0.62 mm or less, and even more preferably 0.2557 mm or less. When the design material includes a first design material and a second design material, the difference for the first design material is more preferably 0.4 mm or less, even more preferably 0.24 mm or less, and most preferably 0.04 mm or less. The difference for the second design material is more preferably 1.0 mm or less, even more preferably 0.5 mm or less, and most preferably 0.25 mm or less. This allows the design on the surface of the ceramic material and the design on the cut surface to be substantially identical.

[0022] <Randomness of Arrangement of Design Materials> The randomness of the design materials distributed on the surface of the ceramic material according to this embodiment is preferably 3% or more. In this specification and claims, the randomness is expressed by the following formula: {(dmax - dmin) / dav} x 100. In the above formula, dmax, dmin, and dav respectively refer to the maximum center-to-center distance dmax, the minimum center-to-center distance dmin, and the average center-to-center distance dav when three other design materials are identified from a given design material exposed on the surface in order of smallest center-to-center distance. Center-to-center distances can be measured using commercially available equipment, such as a microscope VHX-6000 (manufactured by Keyence Corporation). The randomness is more preferably 4% or more, and even more preferably 5% or more.

[0023] <Color Tone of Ceramic Material> The color difference between the surface and the cut surface of the ceramic material according to this embodiment is L ＊ a ＊ b ＊ Chromaticity of the surface and cut surface according to the color system (L ＊ , a ＊ , b ＊ ) is the difference between ＊ Difference in value ΔL ＊, a ＊ Difference in value Δa ＊ , and b ＊ Difference in value Δb ＊ , and ΔL ＊ , Δa ＊ , and Δb ＊ ΔE calculated from ＊ It can be expressed as ab. ＊ is preferably 0 to 8, more preferably 0 to 5, and even more preferably 0 to 4.24. ＊ is preferably 0 to 1, and more preferably 0 to 0.41. ＊ is preferably 0 to 5, and more preferably 0 to 3.69. ＊ ab is preferably 0 to 15, more preferably 0 to 9, and even more preferably 0 to 5.01. This allows the surface design of the ceramic material and the cut surface design to be substantially the same.

[0024] <Surface appearance frequency of decorative material> The surface appearance frequency, which is the frequency at which the decorative material appears on the surface of the ceramic material according to this embodiment, can be calculated from the area occupancy rate of each decorative material relative to the area of ​​the ceramic material by automatic area measurement through image analysis using a digital microscope VHX-6000 (manufactured by Keyence). The surface appearance frequency of the decorative material is preferably 1.0 to 30.6%. When the decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material, the surface appearance frequency of the first decorative material is preferably 1.7 to 20.3%, and more preferably 2.4 to 10.2%. The surface appearance frequency of the second decorative material is preferably 3.2 to 17.4%, and more preferably 4.5 to 8.7%.

[0025] The surface appearance frequency of the design material on the surface of the ceramic material according to this embodiment and the surface appearance frequency of the design material on the cut surface are as follows. When the design materials include a first design material and a second design material, the surface appearance frequency of the first design material on the surface is preferably 2.4 to 30.6%, more preferably 2.6 to 20.4%, and even more preferably 2.9 to 10.2%. The surface appearance frequency of the first design material on the cut surface is preferably 2.0 to 12%, more preferably 2.4 to 12%, and even more preferably 2.4 to 9%. The surface appearance frequency of the second design material on the surface is preferably 4.0 to 26.1%, more preferably 4.2 to 17.3%, and even more preferably 4.5 to 8.7%. The surface appearance frequency of the second design material on the cut surface is preferably 3.0 to 18%, more preferably 3.0 to 12%, and even more preferably 3.1 to 6.0%.

[0026] The difference between the frequency of appearance of the decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material according to this embodiment and the frequency of appearance of the decorative material on the cut surface is preferably 26% or less. When the decorative materials include a first decorative material and a second decorative material, the difference for the first decorative material is preferably 0 to 18.7%, and more preferably 0 to 8.76%. The difference for the second decorative material is preferably 17% or less, more preferably 0 to 11.7%, and even more preferably 0 to 5.63%.

[0027] <Specific Gravity of Ceramic Material> The specific gravity of the ceramic material is preferably 0.80 to 1.10, more preferably 0.85 to 1.05, and even more preferably 0.90 to 1.00. The ceramic material according to this embodiment can have a lower specific gravity than conventional ceramic materials. This reduces transportation costs and improves workability.

[0028] The ceramic material according to the above embodiment defines its design through the color and shape of the decorative material itself. Therefore, a natural-looking design can be realized. Furthermore, because the decorative material is distributed almost uniformly within the ceramic material, cutting allows the design on the cut surface to be similar to the design on the other surfaces, making it easy to adjust to any shape. Furthermore, because carbonized materials are used as the decorative material, the ceramic material is not only cost-effective and environmentally friendly, but also easily cut and processed. Processing similar to that of wood can be performed, including riveting, mortising, tenoning, drilling, nailing, and screwing. Therefore, for example, shapes that were impossible with conventional ceramic materials can be realized, and shaping can be performed on-site. Furthermore, the maintenance described below can be easily performed at low cost. Furthermore, because the ceramic material according to this embodiment has a natural-looking design on its surface, dirt is less noticeable, reducing the frequency of maintenance.

[0029] <Ceramic material maintenance method> The ceramic material maintenance method according to this embodiment includes at least a polishing step of polishing the surface of the deteriorated ceramic material. The polishing step removes the deteriorated portion of the surface, revealing a new surface. The polishing method used in the polishing step is not particularly limited, and any known method can be used. Because the ceramic material according to this embodiment has decorative material uniformly distributed inside, the design of the new surface is indistinguishable from the design of the ceramic material before deterioration. Therefore, according to the ceramic material maintenance method according to this embodiment, ceramic material can be maintained easily and at low cost.

[0030] The ceramic material according to this embodiment preferably does not have a coating film formed from a paint composition or other articles such as a sheet attached to the surface disposed on its surface. The absence of a coating film or the like on the surface of the ceramic material can improve the maintainability of the ceramic material. Conventional ceramic materials with a coating film or the like disposed on the surface required work such as repainting or replacement when stains, scratches, deterioration, etc. occurred on the surface. In contrast, the ceramic material according to this embodiment does not have a coating film or the like on its surface, and therefore can be easily maintained.

[0031] <Method for manufacturing ceramic material> The method for manufacturing the ceramic material according to this embodiment is not particularly limited, but may include, for example, a preparation step, a slurry production step, a molding step, and a curing step for curing the molded raw material slurry.

[0032] (Preparation step) The preparation step is a step of preparing a composition containing each component constituting the base material and the design material. The components contained in the composition are the same as those exemplified in the description of the ceramic material, and may also contain components other than those mentioned above.

[0033] (Slurry Production Step) The slurry production step is a step of adding water to the composition prepared in the preparation step and kneading to produce a raw material slurry. The slurry production step is not particularly limited, and a known method using a mixer or the like can be applied. In the slurry production step, the design material and coloring material are dispersed approximately uniformly in the slurry.

[0034] (Forming step) The forming step is a step of forming the raw material slurry obtained in the slurry production step. The forming step is not particularly limited, and known methods such as extrusion molding, cast molding, paper molding, and press molding can be applied.

[0035] (Curing step) The curing step is a step of curing and hardening the raw material slurry formed in the forming step to obtain a hardened body (ceramic building material). The curing conditions (temperature, relative humidity, time, pressure, etc.) can be set arbitrarily depending on the properties of the slurry.

[0036] The above is an example of a method for manufacturing a ceramic material according to this embodiment, and other steps known as methods for manufacturing a ceramic material may be included as long as they do not impair the effects of the present disclosure.

[0037] The ceramic material according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiment and can be modified as appropriate.

[0038] The present disclosure will be described in more detail below based on examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples.

[0039] [Preparation of Composition and Raw Material Slurry] The compositions for each Example were prepared by the following method. Smoked charcoal and vermiculite were used as the design materials. Bamboo charcoal was used as the colorant, and the blending ratio was adjusted to obtain the measurement results shown in the tables below. Other components that make up the base material included ordinary Portland cement, silica sand, mica, pulp, and a water repellent. Water was then added and kneaded to obtain the raw material slurry for each Example.

[0040] [Curing] The raw material slurry prepared above was poured into a mold to form it, and if necessary, steam curing or high-temperature, high-pressure curing was carried out to obtain a hardened body according to each example.

[0041] [Surface particle diameter of design material] As shown in Tables 1 to 4 below, the particle diameters (number basis, D10, D50, D90) of the design material appearing on the surface of the ceramic material according to each example were measured, and the design of the ceramic material was evaluated. A digital microscope VHX-6000 (manufactured by Keyence Corporation) was used for the measurements, and 60 points of particles of each design material were measured. Furthermore, the difference in particle diameters (number basis, D10, D90) of the design material appearing on the surface and side (cut surface) of the ceramic material was calculated, and the design of the ceramic material was evaluated.

[0042]

[0043]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] [Randomness of Design Materials] The randomness of the design materials was calculated using the following formula to evaluate the design of the ceramic materials: {(dmax - dmin) / dav} x 100 In the above formula, dmax, dmin, and dav represent the maximum center-to-center distance dmax, the minimum center-to-center distance dmin, and the average center-to-center distance dav, respectively, when three other design materials are identified from a given design material exposed on the surface in order of smallest center-to-center distance. A microscope VHX-6000 (manufactured by Keyence Corporation) was used to measure the center-to-center distance. Measurements were performed at a magnification of 20x, an area of ​​50mm x 50mm, and N = 3. The results are shown in Tables 5 to 7.

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] [Standard deviation of particle size of design material] As shown in Tables 8 to 11 below, the standard deviation (mm) of particle size of the design material appearing on the surface and side (cut surface) of the ceramic material according to each example was determined, and the design of the ceramic material was evaluated. A digital microscope VHX-6000 (manufactured by Keyence Corporation) was used for the measurements. Furthermore, the difference (mm) between the standard deviation of particle size of the design material appearing on the surface and side (cut surface) of the ceramic material was determined, and the design of the ceramic material was evaluated.

[0051]

[0052]

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] [Color Tone Difference Between Surface and Side (Cut Surface) of Ceramic Material] The color tone difference between the surface and side (cut surface) of the ceramic material according to each example was measured, and the design of the ceramic material was evaluated. The color tone was measured using a color difference meter CR-400 (manufactured by Konica Minolta, Inc., attachment diameter 10 mm, mode: L ＊ a ＊ b ＊The results are shown in Table 12.

[0056]

[0057] [Particle size of design materials and coloring materials] As shown in Tables 13 to 15 below, the particle size (D90) and particle size difference of the design materials in the ceramic materials of each example were measured, and the design of the ceramic materials was evaluated. A digital microscope VHX-6000 (manufactured by Keyence Corporation) was used for the measurements. Furthermore, as shown in Tables 16 and 17, the difference in particle size distribution of the design materials, i.e., the difference (mm) between D90 and D50, and the difference in particle size distribution between the surface and side (cut surface) of the design materials, i.e., the difference (mm) between D90 and D50, were determined, and the design of the ceramic materials was evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 13 to 17.

[0058]

[0059]

[0060]

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] [Surface appearance frequency of design material] As shown in Tables 18 to 22 below, the surface appearance frequency of the design material in the ceramic material according to each example was calculated by automatic area measurement by image analysis using a digital microscope VHX-6000 (manufactured by Keyence Corporation), and the area occupancy rate of each design material relative to the area of ​​the ceramic material was calculated, and the design of the ceramic material was evaluated. Furthermore, the surface appearance frequency and difference between the surface and side (cut surface) of the design material were calculated, and the design of the ceramic material was evaluated.

[0064]

[0065]

[0066]

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Preferred aspects of the present disclosure are described below.

[0070] [1] A ceramic material comprising a substrate and a decorative material, wherein at least a portion of the decorative material is exposed on the surface and has a particle size and / or a color tone different from that of the substrate.

[0071] [2] The decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material, and the difference in the frequency of appearance of the first decorative material between the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material is 0 to 26%, and the difference in the frequency of appearance of the second decorative material between the surface and the cut surface is 0 to 17%.

[0072] [3] The ceramic material according to [1] or [2], further comprising a coloring material, and comprising three or more kinds of the design material and the coloring material.

[0073] [4] The decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material, and further includes a coloring material, wherein the bulk specific gravity of the first decorative material is 0.02 to 0.40, the bulk specific gravity of the second decorative material is 0.02 to 0.40, and the bulk specific gravity of the coloring material is 0.3 to 0.8. A ceramic material according to any one of [1] to [3].

Claims

1. A ceramic material comprising a base material and a decorative material, wherein at least a part of the decorative material mixed in the base material is randomly distributed and exposed on the surface.

2. The ceramic material according to claim 1, wherein the decorative material distributed on the surface of the ceramic material has a D90 (90% particle size based on the number) of 1.40 to 9.61 mm, a D50 (50% particle size based on the number) of 0.53 to 3.92 mm, and a D10 (10% particle size based on the number) of 0.24 to 1.52 mm.

3. The randomness degree indicating the random distribution degree of the decorative material distributed on the surface of the ceramic material is represented by the following formula (1): {(dmax - dmin) / dav} × 100 (1) In the formula (1), dmax, dmin, and dav respectively mean the maximum center-to-center distance dmax, the minimum center-to-center distance dmin, and the average center-to-center distance dav among the three center-to-center distances when three other decorative materials are specified in ascending order of the center-to-center distance from one of the decorative materials exposed on the surface.

6. The color difference between the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material is expressed as the difference in chromaticity (L ＊ a ＊ b ＊ ) of the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material in the L ＊ , a ＊ , b ＊ ) color system. The difference in L ＊ value is ΔL ＊ , the difference in a ＊ value is Δa ＊ , and the difference in b ＊ value is Δb ＊ . When represented by ΔE ＊ , Δa ＊ , and Δb ＊ calculated from ΔL ＊ , ΔL ＊ is from 0 to 8, Δa ＊ is from 0 to 1, Δb ＊ is from 0 to 5, and ΔE ＊ ab is from 0 to 15. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The randomness degree of the decorative material is 3% or more. The ceramic material according to claim 1 or 2.

4. On the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material, The difference between the D90 (90% particle size based on the number) of the decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material and the D90 (90% particle size based on the number) of the decorative material on the cut surface of the ceramic material is 4.0 mm or less. The difference between the D10 (10% particle size based on the number) of the decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material and the D10 (10% particle size based on the number) of the decorative material on the cut surface of the ceramic material is 0.6 mm or less. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. On the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material, The difference between the standard deviation of the particle size of the decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material and the standard deviation of the particle size of the decorative material on the cut surface of the ceramic material is 1.00 mm or less. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the particle size distribution of the decorative material is 0.1 to 10000 μm.

8. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the surface appearance frequency of the decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material is 1.0 to 30.6%.

9. In the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material, the difference between the surface appearance frequency of the decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material and the surface appearance frequency of the decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material in the cut surface of the ceramic material is 26% or less. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material. The difference between D90 (90% particle diameter based on the number) and D50 (50% particle diameter based on the number), which is the difference in particle size distribution between the first decorative material and the second decorative material, is in each case 0 to 9.9 mm. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material. In the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material, the difference between D90 (90% particle diameter based on the number) and D50 (50% particle diameter based on the number) of the first decorative material on the surface and the cut surface of the ceramic material is in each case 0 to 8.7 mm, and the difference between D90 (90% particle diameter based on the number) and D50 (50% particle diameter based on the number) of the second decorative material on the surface and the cut surface of the ceramic material is in each case 0 to 9.3 mm. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material. In the surface of the ceramic material and the cut surface of the ceramic material, the difference between the particle size deviation of the first decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material and the particle size deviation of the first decorative material in the cut surface of the ceramic material is 0.4 mm or less, and the difference between the particle size deviation of the second decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material and the particle size deviation of the second decorative material in the cut surface of the ceramic material is 0.5 mm or less. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. The decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material. On the surface and the cut surface of the ceramic material, the surface appearance frequency of the first decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material is 2.9 to 30.6%, and the surface appearance frequency of the first decorative material on the cut surface of the ceramic material is 2.4 to 12%. The surface appearance frequency of the second decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material is 4.0 to 26.1%, and the surface appearance frequency of the second decorative material on the cut surface of the ceramic material is 3.0 to 18%. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The decorative material includes a first decorative material and a second decorative material. On the surface and the cut surface of the ceramic material, the difference between the surface appearance frequency of the first decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material and the surface appearance frequency of the first decorative material on the cut surface of the ceramic material is 26% or less. The difference between the surface appearance frequency of the second decorative material on the surface of the ceramic material and the surface appearance frequency of the second decorative material on the cut surface of the ceramic material is 17% or less. The ceramic material according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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