Display substrate and manufacturing method therefor, and display panel

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and provides a display substrate and a manufacturing method therefor, and a display panel, capable of solving the problem of a reduced brightness peak value of existing display substrates in a peep-proof mode. The display substrate of the present disclosure comprises: a base substrate; a plurality of pixel units arranged on the base substrate, wherein each pixel unit comprises a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit, the first pixel unit comprises at least one first light-emitting device, and the second pixel unit comprises a second light-emitting device; and a plurality of first light converging structures arranged on the side of the pixel units facing away from the base substrate, wherein the first light converging structures are arranged corresponding to the first light-emitting devices. According to the display substrate of the present disclosure, the first light converging structures are arranged to improve the light converging capability, thereby improving the brightness peak value of the display substrate.

Description

Display substrate and manufacturing method thereof, and display panel Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of display technology, and particularly relates to a display substrate and a preparation method thereof, and a display panel. Background Art

[0002] As display technology becomes increasingly popular, people are more inclined to share information with others, yet they also desire privacy in certain situations. For example, when handling confidential company information, it can be easily viewed by nearby users. Similarly, when entering personal information on a mobile phone, it can also be easily viewed by others. Therefore, switching between display sharing and privacy is becoming a growing trend.

[0003] Based on this demand, external privacy films were used in the early days. When privacy was required, they were manually hung in front of the display screen, but the peak brightness was reduced. When privacy was not required, they were manually removed, and one-click switching was not possible. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art, and provides a display substrate and a preparation method thereof, and a display panel for improving the brightness in an anti-peeping mode.

[0005] In a first aspect, the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is a display substrate, comprising:

[0006] substrate;

[0007] A plurality of pixel units are provided on the substrate, each of the pixel units including a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit; the first pixel unit includes at least one first light emitting device, and the second pixel unit includes a second light emitting device;

[0008] A plurality of first light-concentrating structures are arranged on a side of the pixel unit away from the base substrate, and the first light-concentrating structures are arranged corresponding to the first light-emitting devices.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first pixel unit includes two first light-emitting devices, one first light-emitting device corresponds to one first light-concentrating structure, and the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding first light-emitting device on the base substrate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first pixel unit further includes a first pixel driving circuit, and both of the first light-emitting devices are connected to the first pixel driving circuit.

[0011] In some embodiments, the two first light-emitting devices in one first pixel unit share a common anode.

[0012] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a plurality of second light-concentrating structures, which are arranged on a side of the first light-concentrating structure away from the base substrate and correspond to the first pixel units.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second light-concentrating structure is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first light-concentrating structure, and the orthographic projection of the second light-concentrating structure on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure on the base substrate.

[0014] In some embodiments, for each of the first light-concentrating structures, a ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the substrate to the maximum width of its orthographic projection on the substrate is 0.3-0.6.

[0015] In some embodiments, for each of the second light-concentrating structures, a ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the base substrate to the maximum width of its orthographic projection on the base substrate is 0.2-0.5.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first pixel unit includes a first light-emitting device, and one first light-emitting device corresponds to a plurality of first light-concentrating structures.

[0017] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a plurality of second light-concentrating structures disposed on a side of the first light-concentrating structure away from the base substrate, and the orthographic projection of each second light-concentrating structure on the base substrate covers a gap between two adjacent first light-concentrating structures.

[0018] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent second light-focusing structures on the base substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first light-focusing structure on the base substrate.

[0019] In some embodiments, for the first light-concentrating structure, a ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the substrate to the maximum width of its orthographic projection on the substrate is 0.4 to 0.7; and / or

[0020] For the second light-concentrating structure, the ratio of its maximum height in the direction away from the base substrate to the maximum width of its orthographic projection on the base substrate is 0.4-0.7.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first light-focusing structure is a convex lens; and / or

[0022] The second light-focusing structure is a convex lens.

[0023] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer disposed on a side of the pixel unit close to the first light-focusing structure.

[0024] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a color filter layer located on the light emitting surface side of the first light emitting device;

[0025] The first light-condensing structure is arranged on a side of the pixel unit close to the color filter layer.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a display substrate, the method comprising:

[0027] providing a substrate;

[0028] A plurality of pixel units are formed on the substrate, each of the pixel units including a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit; the first pixel unit includes at least one first light emitting device; and the second pixel unit includes a second light emitting device;

[0029] A plurality of first light-concentrating structures are formed on a side of the pixel unit away from the base substrate, and the first light-concentrating structures are arranged corresponding to the first light-emitting devices.

[0030] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display panel, wherein the display device includes a display substrate as described in any one of the first aspects above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] FIG1a is a schematic diagram of a display substrate in an anti-peeping mode in the related art;

[0032] FIG1b is a schematic diagram of a display substrate in a shared mode in the related art;

[0033] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] FIG4 a is a schematic diagram of another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] 4b-4c are schematic diagrams of light-concentrating performance of a first light-concentrating structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a pixel unit, a first light-concentrating structure, and a second light-concentrating structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG8 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a pixel unit, a first light-concentrating structure, and a second light-concentrating structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] 9a-9e are flow charts of a method for preparing a display substrate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "an" or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0044] Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of a display substrate in anti-peeping mode in the related art. Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of a display substrate in sharing mode in the related art. In order to achieve the purpose of switchable anti-peeping / sharing, the display substrate in the related art divides the pixel unit into two areas, each area includes a light-emitting device. As shown in Figure 1a, when in anti-peeping mode, only one of the areas is driven separately, so that one light-emitting device is lit, which limits the emission angle of light. As shown in Figure 1b, when in sharing mode, the two areas are driven at the same time, and both light-emitting devices are lit, which supplements the emission angle of light. As can be seen from the comparison of Figure 1a and Figure 1b, when in anti-peeping mode, the light-emitting area is reduced, so that the brightness peak of the anti-peeping mode is reduced.

[0045] Based on the problems existing in the related art, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate.

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a display substrate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the display substrate includes: a base substrate 101; a plurality of pixel units disposed on the base substrate, each pixel unit including a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit; the first pixel unit including at least one first light-emitting device, and the second pixel unit including a second light-emitting device; and a plurality of first light-concentrating structures 131 disposed on a side of the pixel unit facing away from the base substrate 101, with the first light-concentrating structures 131 disposed corresponding to the first light-emitting devices.

[0047] Optionally, in order to enable the display substrate to achieve the purpose of switching between anti-peep mode and sharing mode, an anode split structure is used to divide one anode into two to form two anodes, that is, one anode is divided into a first anode 112a and a second anode 112b. The first anode 112a, the light-emitting layer 114, and the cathode (not marked in the figure) form the first light-emitting device of the first pixel unit; the second anode 112b, the light-emitting layer 114, and the cathode (not marked in the figure) form the second light-emitting device of the second pixel unit. Among them, a first pixel unit can include only one first light-emitting device. Of course, a first pixel unit can also include multiple first light-emitting devices, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0048] The first light-emitting device and the second light-emitting device can share a driving circuit. In the anti-peeping mode, the driving circuit can drive the first light-emitting device alone to emit light; in the sharing mode, the driving circuit can drive the first light-emitting device and the second light-emitting device to emit light at the same time. Of course, the first light-emitting device and the second light-emitting device can also be driven separately by a driving circuit. In the anti-peeping mode, the driving circuit corresponding to the first light-emitting device drives the first light-emitting device alone to emit light; in the sharing mode, the driving circuit corresponding to the first light-emitting device drives the first light-emitting device alone to emit light, while the driving circuit corresponding to the second light-emitting device drives the second light-emitting device alone to emit light. This disclosure is not limited to this.

[0049] As described above, in the anti-peeping mode, only the first light-emitting device corresponding to the first pixel unit emits light, and the light-emitting area is reduced, so that the peak brightness of the anti-peeping mode is reduced. In order to improve the brightness of the display substrate in the anti-peeping mode, the embodiment of the present disclosure adds a first light-concentrating structure 131 at the position corresponding to the first light-emitting device. The first light-concentrating structure 131 can use reflected light or refracted light, or other light that is far away from the converged light, so as to increase the peak brightness of the display substrate and further reduce power consumption. Among them, one first light-emitting device can be corresponding to a first light-concentrating structure 131, and one first light-emitting device can also be corresponding to multiple first light-concentrating structures 131. The specific setting can be flexibly based on the actual process difficulty or other requirements, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0050] It should be noted that FIG2 only shows one pixel unit disposed on the base substrate 101; FIG2 also only shows one first pixel unit including one first light-emitting device, and one first light-emitting device corresponding to one first light-concentrating structure. It is understood that multiple pixel units may be disposed on the base substrate 101; one first pixel unit may also include multiple first light-emitting devices, and one first light-emitting device may also be corresponding to multiple first light-concentrating structures.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a first light-concentrating structure 131 is added at a position corresponding to the first light-emitting device. The first light-concentrating structure 131 can concentrate light to increase the peak brightness. Furthermore, in the anti-peeping mode, the display brightness of the display substrate is increased.

[0052] FIG3 is another display substrate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3 , FIG3 only shows the portion corresponding to the first pixel unit, and does not show the portion corresponding to the second pixel unit.

[0053] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3 , the first pixel unit includes two first light-emitting devices, one first light-emitting device corresponds to one first light-concentrating structure 131 , and the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure 131 on the base substrate 101 covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding first light-emitting device on the base substrate 101 .

[0054] Specifically, considering the difficulty of the manufacturing process, the first light-concentrating structure 131 should not be set too large. Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure divides the first pixel unit into two first light-emitting devices. In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a pixel defining layer 113, and the pixel defining layer 113 is arranged on the side of the first anode 112a and the second anode 112b close to the light-emitting layer 114, and the pixel defining layer 113 has a first structure 113a. Among them, the positive projection of the first structure 113a on the base substrate 101 is located between the positive projections of the two first light-emitting devices on the base substrate 101. That is, the first structure 113a of the pixel defining layer 113 divides the first pixel unit into two first light-emitting devices, and the light-emitting area of ​​each light-emitting device is reduced, which can reduce the visual field. Furthermore, in the anti-peep mode, the privacy of the display can be better achieved. It is understood that the pixel defining layer 113 also has a second structure (not shown in the figure), which is located between the orthographic projections of two adjacent pixel units on the substrate 101, and between the orthographic projections of the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit on the substrate 101. In other words, the second structure is the other structure in the pixel defining layer 113 except the first structure 113a.

[0055] In some embodiments, one first light-concentrating structure 131 is provided for each first light-emitting device, and the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure 131 on the substrate 101 covers the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting device on the substrate 101. The first light-concentrating structure 131 completely covers the first light-emitting device, which helps to maximize the concentration of light. The first pixel unit is divided into two first light-emitting devices, reducing the light-emitting area of ​​each light-emitting device and also limiting the bottom area of ​​the first light-concentrating structure 131, making the first light-concentrating structure 131 easier to control.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first pixel unit further includes a first pixel driving circuit, and the two first light-emitting devices are both connected to the first pixel driving circuit.

[0057] Specifically, in the anti-peeping mode, the pixel driving circuit is required to drive both first light-emitting devices of a first pixel unit to emit light. The driving signals driving the two first light-emitting devices of a first pixel unit to emit light are the same, so the two first light-emitting devices of a first pixel unit can share a first pixel driving circuit.

[0058] In some embodiments, the anodes of the two first light-emitting devices in one first pixel unit are shared.

[0059] Specifically, when two first light-emitting devices in a first pixel unit share a first pixel driving circuit, the anodes of the two light-emitting devices can be shared, thereby simplifying the process.

[0060] In some embodiments, the two first light-emitting devices of a first pixel unit may also be respectively connected to a first pixel driving circuit, and each first light-emitting device is driven to emit light by the first pixel driving circuit to which it is connected. This disclosure does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first pixel driving circuit is disposed on a side of the base substrate 101 close to the pixel unit. For example, the first pixel driving circuit can be formed on the buffer layer 102. The first pixel driving circuit can include an interlayer dielectric layer 103. The interlayer dielectric layer 103 is made of an inorganic material, such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or other inorganic material, to achieve the effect of blocking water, oxygen, and alkaline ions.

[0062] Specifically, the first pixel driving circuit may include a thin film transistor and a capacitor structure. The thin film transistor may be a top-gate type, and may include an active layer 104, a first gate insulating layer 105, a gate electrode 106, a second gate insulating layer 108, an interlayer dielectric layer 103, a source electrode 110, and a drain electrode 111. Specifically, the active layer 104 can be formed on the buffer layer 102, the first gate insulating layer 105 covers the buffer layer 102 and the active layer 104, the gate 106 is formed on the side of the first gate insulating layer 105 facing away from the active layer 104, the second gate insulating layer 108 covers the gate 106 and the first gate insulating layer 105, the interlayer dielectric layer 103 covers the second gate insulating layer 108, and the source 110 and drain 111 are formed on the side of the interlayer dielectric layer 103 facing away from the substrate and are respectively located on opposite sides of the gate 106. The source 110 and drain 111 can respectively contact the opposite sides of the active layer 104 through vias (e.g., metal vias). It should be understood that this thin film transistor can also be a bottom-gate type.

[0063] The capacitor structure may include a first plate 140 and a second plate 141, wherein the first plate 140 is disposed in the same layer as the gate 103, and the second plate 141 is located between the second gate insulating layer 105 and the interlayer dielectric layer 103, and is disposed opposite to the first plate 140. For example, the materials of the gate 103 and the first plate 140 and the second plate 141 may include metal materials or alloy materials, such as molybdenum, aluminum, and titanium. The source 110 and the drain 111 may include metal materials or alloy materials, such as a metal single layer or multilayer structure formed of molybdenum, aluminum, and titanium. For example, the multilayer structure is a multi-metal stack, such as a three-layer metal stack of titanium, aluminum, and titanium (Al / Ti / Al).

[0064] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the first focusing structure 131 at least partially overlaps with the first black matrix 161, the second black matrix 162 and the pixel defining layer 113, and the first focusing structure 131 at least partially overlaps with the first electrode 140 and the second electrode 141 of the capacitor structure, so as to increase the flatness of the edge of the first focusing structure 131 while improving the focusing effect.

[0065] It is understandable that the first pixel unit may also include three or more first light-emitting devices, and each first light-emitting device is provided with a corresponding first focusing structure 131, which can be flexibly set according to the size of the first pixel unit, and the present disclosure does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0066] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes a plurality of second light-concentrating structures 132 . The second light-concentrating structures 132 are disposed on a side of the first light-concentrating structure 131 away from the base substrate 101 and correspond to the first pixel units.

[0067] Specifically, Figure 4a illustrates another display substrate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figures 4b-4c illustrate the light-collecting performance of a first light-collecting structure 131 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4a, in addition to Figure 3, a second light-collecting structure 132 is superimposed on the side of the first light-collecting structure 131 facing away from the base substrate 101. This second light-collecting structure 132 further enhances the light-collecting capability of the first light-collecting structure 131.

[0068] In some embodiments, the second light-concentrating structure 132 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the first light-concentrating structure 131, and the orthographic projection of the second light-concentrating structure 132 on the base substrate 101 covers the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure 131 on the base substrate 101. In this way, the second light-concentrating structure 132 can further converge light on the basis of the first light-concentrating structure 131, and can also re-converge part of the light not converged by the first light-concentrating structure 131 by the second light-concentrating structure 132, thereby converging as much light as possible.

[0069] In some embodiments, to further improve the light-collecting performance of the first light-collecting structure 131, the first light-collecting structure 131 is positioned closer to the light-emitting layer 114 of the first light-emitting device. As shown in Figures 4b-4c, the closer the first light-collecting structure 131 is to the light-emitting layer 114, the better the light-collecting effect.

[0070] In some embodiments, the display substrate includes not only a base substrate 101, a plurality of pixel units, a pixel defining layer 113, and a first pixel driving circuit, but may also include a color filter layer located on the light-emitting surface side of the first and second light-emitting devices; the color filter layer includes color filters 160 arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first and second light-emitting devices, and a first black matrix 161 located between adjacent color filters 160. The display substrate also includes a touch layer 117, a light source control layer 170, and a first overcoat layer 119a.

[0071] Optionally, in the embodiment corresponding to FIG3 , a touch layer 117, a color filter layer, a light source control layer 170, and a first outer coating layer 119a are sequentially arranged on the side of the pixel unit facing away from the base substrate 101. Furthermore, the display substrate further includes a second black matrix layer 162, which is arranged on the side of the light source control layer 170 facing away from the base substrate. In the embodiment corresponding to FIG3 , the first light-concentrating structure 131 is arranged on the side of the second black matrix layer 162 close to the first outer coating layer 119a. In the embodiment corresponding to FIG4a , in order to further improve the light-concentrating performance of the first light-concentrating structure 131, the first light-concentrating structure 131 is arranged on the side of the color filter 160 close to the base substrate 101, so that the first light-concentrating structure 131 is closer to the light-emitting layer 114.

[0072] Optionally, in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 3, the thickness of the light source control layer 170 is less than the thickness of the first focusing structure 131 (that is, the height from the bottom surface of the first focusing structure 131 to the top of the arc), and is less than the thickness of the first outer coating layer 119a. Such a design can make the first focusing structure 131 closer to the light-emitting layer 114, and can also protect the light-emitting surface of the first focusing structure 131.

[0073] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer 118, which is disposed on a side of the pixel unit close to the first light-concentrating structure 131. The light-concentrating structures of the display substrate are all disposed on a side of the encapsulation layer 118 away from the base substrate 101.

[0074] It should be noted that the position of the first light-concentrating structure 131 in FIG3 and FIG4a is merely one possible implementation, and the present disclosure does not impose any restrictions on its specific position, as long as it is located on the side of the first pixel unit facing away from the base substrate 101. Similarly, the position of the second light-concentrating structure 132 in FIG4a is merely one possible implementation, and the present disclosure does not impose any restrictions on its specific position, as long as it is located on the side of the first light-concentrating structure 131 facing away from the base substrate 101.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first light-concentrating structure 131 is disposed on a side of the pixel unit close to the color filter layer. Specifically, when the display substrate includes two layers of light-concentrating structures (the first light-concentrating structure 131 and the second light-concentrating structure 132), at least one light-concentrating structure is disposed below the color filter layer, and the distance between the light-concentrating structure and the light-emitting layer 114 in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 101 is generally less than 5 μm.

[0076] In some embodiments, for each first light-concentrating structure 131 , a ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the base substrate 101 to its maximum width of an orthographic projection on the base substrate 101 is 0.3-0.6.

[0077] Specifically, the orthographic projection of the first concentrating structure 131 on the substrate 101 overlaps the orthographic projection of the corresponding first light-emitting device on the substrate 101, and the aspect ratio of the first concentrating structure 131 is set to 0.3-0.6. In this way, the first concentrating structure 131 can collect light from a wider range of viewing angles, thereby converging more light and improving the brightness at the normal viewing angle. In an ideal situation, the first concentrating structure 131 can also replace the function of the second black matrix layer 162, thereby reducing the number of black matrix layers.

[0078] In some embodiments, for each second light-concentrating structure 132 , a ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the base substrate 101 to its maximum width of an orthographic projection on the base substrate 101 is 0.2-0.5.

[0079] Specifically, the bottom diameter of the second concentrating structure 132 is larger than the bottom diameter of the first concentrating structure 131. The aspect ratio of the second concentrating structure 132 is generally set to 0.2-0.5 to achieve better concentrating ability. In this case, the refractive index of the second concentrating structure 132 is generally 1.5-1.8, and the refractive index of the first outer coating 119a or the second outer coating 119b is 1.3-1.5. In this way, light from a wide viewing angle can be collected over a larger range, thereby converging more light and improving the brightness at a normal viewing angle.

[0080] It should be noted that the aspect ratio of the first light-concentrating structure 131 and / or the second light-concentrating structure 132 is also related to its distance from the light-emitting layer 114. The farther away from the light-emitting layer 114, the smaller its aspect ratio is in order to concentrate more light. The present disclosure does not limit the specific data values ​​of the aspect ratio of the first light-concentrating structure 131 and / or the second light-concentrating structure 132. It can be flexibly set according to the distance from the light-emitting layer 114 and the requirements for light concentrating ability.

[0081] In some embodiments, in the same first pixel unit, the spacing d1 between adjacent first focusing structures 131 is greater than the spacing d2 between adjacent second focusing structures 132, so that the second focusing structure 132 can collect light with a larger viewing angle over a larger range than the first focusing structure 131, thereby converging more light and improving the brightness at a positive viewing angle.

[0082] It should be noted that the first black matrix 161 includes a third black matrix 1610 located between the color filters 160 corresponding to the adjacent first focusing structures 131, and a fourth black matrix other than the third black matrix (including the black matrix between the pixel units and the black matrix between the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit in the pixel unit).

[0083] In some embodiments, in the same first pixel unit, adjacent first focusing structures 131 do not overlap with the third black matrix 1610 (i.e., the black matrix between the color filters 160 corresponding to the adjacent first focusing structures 131), and adjacent second focusing structures 132 overlap with the third black matrix 1610 (i.e., the black matrix between the color filters 160 corresponding to the adjacent first focusing structures 131), and the width of the third black matrix 1610 (i.e., the black matrix between the color filters 160 corresponding to the adjacent first focusing structures 131) is smaller than the width of the black matrix between different pixel units, and the spacing between adjacent second focusing structures 132 is smaller than the width of the third black matrix 1610; because to a certain extent, the first focusing structure 131 can function as a black matrix, the width of the black matrix on the light-emitting side of the first focusing structure 131 can be reduced at this time; at the same time, the second focusing structure 132 can collect light of a larger viewing angle over a larger range than the first focusing structure 131, thereby converging more light and improving the brightness at a positive viewing angle.

[0084] FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between a pixel unit, a first light-concentrating structure, and a second light-concentrating structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG5 , each portion within a dotted box is a pixel unit, and the display substrate includes multiple pixel units, each of which may correspond to different sub-pixel units. For example, the pixel unit may be a red sub-pixel unit, a green sub-pixel unit, or a blue sub-pixel unit. Each pixel unit further includes a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit. Each first pixel unit further includes at least two first light-emitting devices. For example, when the first pixel unit is a red sub-pixel unit or a green sub-pixel unit, the first pixel unit may include two first light-emitting devices; when the first pixel unit is a blue sub-pixel unit, the first pixel unit may include four first light-emitting devices. A first light-concentrating structure 131 and a second light-concentrating structure 132 are correspondingly provided for each first light-emitting device, and the orthographic projection of the second light-concentrating structure 132 on the base substrate 101 covers the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure 131 on the base substrate 101.

[0085] In the embodiment provided by the present disclosure, a pixel defining layer 113 is made on the first anode 112a, and the first pixel unit is divided into two first light-emitting devices, so that the entire light-emitting area of ​​the first light-emitting device is reduced, which can further reduce the viewing angle. At the same time, the reduction of the entire light-emitting area of ​​the first light-emitting device can also limit the bottom area of ​​the first light-concentrating structure 131, making the first light-concentrating structure 131 easier to control. In order to further improve the light-concentrating performance of the first light-concentrating structure 131, the embodiment of the present disclosure positions the first light-concentrating structure 131 closer to the light-emitting layer 114 (for example: referring to Figure 4a, when there are two layers of light-concentrating structures, the first light-concentrating structure 131 is arranged on the side of the first black matrix 161 close to the light-emitting layer 114). In this way, light with a large viewing angle can be collected in a larger range, thereby converging more light and improving the brightness at a positive viewing angle. At the same time, in an ideal case, the number of black matrix layers can also be reduced. In addition, the display substrate of the embodiment of the present disclosure is superimposed with a second light-concentrating structure 132 on the first light-concentrating structure 131, which can further increase the light-concentrating ability and increase the peak brightness of the display panel.

[0086] Returning to the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the first pixel unit includes one first light-emitting device, and one first light-emitting device corresponds to a plurality of first light-concentrating structures 131 .

[0087] Specifically, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another display substrate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 6, as described above, the size of the first concentrating structure 131 will affect the difficulty of the process. Therefore, the size of the first concentrating structure 131 should not be set too large. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, multiple first concentrating structures 131 are set corresponding to the first pixel unit, and each concentrating structure 131 is a relatively small-sized first concentrating structure 131. The multiple first concentrating structures 131 need to "fill" the first pixel unit as much as possible to ensure that the multiple first concentrating structures 131 can better converge light. In some embodiments, since there is no convergence effect within the distance between two adjacent first concentrating structures 131, the distance between two adjacent first concentrating structures 131 also needs to be as small as possible to ensure that a better convergence effect is achieved. It should be noted that, among the multiple first concentrating structures 131 corresponding to a first pixel unit, the orthographic projections of the two outermost first concentrating structures 131 on the base substrate 101 overlap with the orthographic projections of the pixel defining layer 113 on the base substrate 101. Such a configuration is more conducive to the first light-concentrating structure 131 converging the light.

[0088] The only difference between the embodiment of the present disclosure and the embodiment corresponding to FIG3 is that the embodiment corresponding to FIG3 divides the first pixel unit into multiple first light-emitting devices (two first pixel units are used as an example in FIG3 ), and one first light-emitting device corresponds to one first light-concentrating structure 131. Since the area of ​​the first light-emitting device is reduced, the size of the corresponding first light-concentrating structure 131 is also reduced accordingly, thereby achieving the convergence of light by using a small-sized first light-concentrating structure 131, thereby increasing the peak brightness of the display substrate. In the embodiment corresponding to FIG6 , one first pixel unit corresponds to one first light-emitting device, but one first light-emitting device corresponds to multiple first light-concentrating structures 131, achieving an effect similar to that of the embodiment of FIG3 . Other details in the embodiment corresponding to FIG6 are similar to those in the embodiment corresponding to FIG3 and will not be repeated here.

[0089] In some embodiments, the display substrate includes not only a base substrate 101, a plurality of pixel units, and a first light-concentrating structure 131, but also a plurality of second light-concentrating structures 132. The second light-concentrating structures 132 are arranged on the side of the first light-concentrating structure 131 away from the base substrate 101, and the orthographic projection of each second light-concentrating structure 132 on the base substrate 101 covers the gap between two adjacent first light-concentrating structures 131.

[0090] Specifically, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another display substrate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 7, in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 6 of the present disclosure, a second light-concentrating structure 132 is superimposed on the side of the first light-concentrating structure 131 away from the base substrate 101. The second light-concentrating structure 132 can converge the light in the gap between two adjacent first light-concentrating structures 131, further increasing the light-concentrating ability. Among them, a second light-concentrating structure 132 can only cover one gap between two adjacent first light-concentrating structures 131, or it can cover multiple gaps between multiple first light-concentrating structures 131. The present disclosure does not impose any restrictions on this, as long as multiple second light-concentrating structures 132 can cover multiple gaps between the first light-concentrating structures 131, so as to ensure a better light-concentrating effect.

[0091] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent second light-concentrating structures 132 on the base substrate 101 is located within the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure 131 on the base substrate 101. This arrangement ensures that the second light-concentrating structures 132 can completely cover the multiple gaps between the first light-concentrating structures 131, and no gaps between the first light-concentrating structures 131 are uncovered, thereby ensuring a better light-concentrating effect.

[0092] In some embodiments, in order to further improve the focusing performance of the first focusing structure 131, the position of the first focusing structure 131 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is closer to the light-emitting layer 114 of the first light-emitting device. The specific details are the same as those in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 4a and will not be repeated here. In addition, it should be noted that in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 7, the light source control layer 170 includes a first light source control layer 170a and a second light source control layer 170b, wherein the distance of the second light source control layer 170b corresponding to the arc top distance of the second focusing structure 132 away from the side of the substrate 101 is less than the distance of the first light source control layer 170a corresponding to the arc top distance of the first focusing structure 131 away from the side of the substrate 101. The purpose is that the number of first focusing structures 131 is large, which easily leads to unevenness. Therefore, the thickness of the first light source control layer 170a corresponding to the first focusing structure 131 is larger.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first light-concentrating structure 131 is disposed on a side of the pixel unit close to the color filter layer. Specifically, when the display substrate includes two layers of light-concentrating structures (the first light-concentrating structure 131 and the second light-concentrating structure 132), at least one light-concentrating structure is disposed below the color filter layer, and the distance between the light-concentrating structure and the light-emitting layer 114 in a direction perpendicular to the base substrate 101 is generally less than 5 μm.

[0094] In some embodiments, for the first light-concentrating structure 131 , a ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the base substrate 101 to its maximum width of its orthographic projection on the base substrate 101 is 0.4-0.7.

[0095] In some embodiments, for the second light-concentrating structure 132 , a ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the base substrate 101 to its maximum width of an orthographic projection on the base substrate 101 is 0.4-0.7.

[0096] Specifically, in the embodiment corresponding to FIG7 , the sizes of the first light-concentrating structure 131 and the second light-concentrating structure 132 are set in such a way as to ensure a better light-concentrating effect. Of course, the sizes of the first light-concentrating structure 131 and the second light-concentrating structure 132 can be flexibly set according to their specific locations or other requirements, and the present disclosure does not limit this.

[0097] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between another pixel unit and the first focusing structure and the second focusing structure provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 8, the portion within each dotted box is a pixel unit, and the display substrate includes a plurality of pixel units, and the plurality of pixel units may correspond to different sub-pixel units. For example, the pixel unit may be a red sub-pixel unit, a green sub-pixel unit, or a blue sub-pixel unit. Each pixel unit includes a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit. Each first pixel unit includes a first light-emitting device, and the first light-emitting device corresponds to a plurality of first focusing structures 131 and at least one second focusing structure 132, and the orthographic projection of the second focusing structure 132 on the base substrate 101 covers the orthographic projection of the gap between the first focusing structures 131 on the base substrate 101.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first light-concentrating structure 131 is a convex lens; and / or the second light-concentrating structure 132 is a convex lens. Specifically, a convex lens has the function of concentrating light. In all embodiments of the present disclosure, the first light-concentrating structure 131 and / or the second light-concentrating structure 132 can be a convex lens, or can also be a prism or other light-concentrating structure, which is not limited in this disclosure.

[0099] In the display substrate provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to improve the peak brightness of the display substrate in the anti-peep mode, at least one layer of a focusing structure is provided in the display substrate. To increase the light-gathering ability of the focusing structure, at least one layer of the focusing structure is provided as close as possible to the light-emitting layer 114. At the same time, when a multi-layer focusing structure is used, the orthographic projection of a layer of the focusing structure farther away from the base substrate 101 on the base substrate 101 is larger than the orthographic projection of a layer of the focusing structure relatively closer to the base substrate 101 on the base substrate 101, and at least one layer of the focusing structure is located below the color filter layer. This arrangement is more conducive to the focusing structure converging light and improving the peak brightness of the display substrate.

[0100] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing a display substrate. Figures 9a to 9e are flow charts of a method for preparing a display substrate provided by the present disclosure. As shown in Figures 9a to 9e, the method includes:

[0101] S901, preparing a thin film transistor.

[0102] Specifically, as shown in FIG9a , a base substrate 101 is provided. The base substrate 101 may be made of glass or a flexible material. Among them, flexible materials include polyimide (PI), PEN, PET, etc. The flexible base substrate 101 may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. If it is a multi-layer structure, a buffer layer may be added between the layers. The buffer layer is an inorganic thin film, which may be SiNx, SiOx, or a composite layer thereof. A thin film transistor structure is fabricated on the base substrate 101, specifically, a buffer layer 102, a patterned active layer 104, a first gate insulating layer 105, a gate 106, a source electrode 110, a drain electrode 111, a planarization layer 116 are formed on the base substrate 101, and an anode pattern (including a first anode 112a and a second anode 112b, only the first anode 112a is shown in the figure) is fabricated on the planarization layer 116.

[0103] S902, perform standard OLED and packaging processes.

[0104] Specifically, as shown in Figure 9a, a vacuum evaporation process is used to form a light-emitting layer 114 and a cathode (the cathode is omitted in the figure). The light-emitting layer 114 includes, but is not limited to, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, and an electron transport layer. An encapsulation layer 118 is formed. Encapsulation layer 118 includes an inorganic thin film layer that blocks water and oxygen and an organic thin film layer that performs stress relief and planarization. The inorganic thin film layer is prepared by chemical vapor deposition or atomic layer deposition. The materials can be silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, etc., but are not limited to these. The organic thin film layer is prepared by inkjet printing, screen printing, dispensing, etc. The first step is to deposit a first inorganic layer on the OLED device. The first inorganic layer can be one of the aforementioned materials or a combination of multiple overlapping materials. The protective area of ​​the first inorganic layer must be larger than the display area of ​​area AA of the display substrate. A first organic layer is formed on the first inorganic layer. The coverage area of ​​the first organic layer must be smaller than that of the first inorganic layer, and the vertical projection of its coverage area must be at least larger than that of the cathode. A second inorganic layer is fabricated on the first organic layer. The second inorganic layer is fabricated using the same methods and materials as the first inorganic layer. Its coverage area can be the same as or larger than that of the first inorganic layer. Similarly, it can be composed of a single inorganic material or a combination of multiple inorganic layers (the first and second inorganic layers are not shown in the figure). The thickness of this first organic layer is generally 2-4 μm, and the overall encapsulation layer 118 is less than 5 μm.

[0105] S903: Form a first light-concentrating structure 131 on the encapsulation layer 118 through coating / exposure processes. Specifically, as shown in FIG9a , taking the first light-concentrating structure 131 as a convex lens as an example, a circular arc-shaped lens structure is formed by yellow light and heating, and then covered with a low-refractive-index flat layer material to form a first outer coating layer 119a.

[0106] S904 , forming a touch layer 117 and a COE layer (including a color filter 160 and a first black matrix 161 ) on the first outer coating layer 119 a , as shown in FIG. 9 a .

[0107] 905. Form a second light-concentrating structure 132. Specifically, as shown in FIG9a, to make the surface flat, a flat layer, such as a light source control layer 170 (this layer can be omitted), can be formed to form the second light-concentrating structure 132, and then covered with a flat layer material with a low refractive index to form a second outer coating layer 119b.

[0108] Other details in the process of preparing the display substrate are the same as those in the above-mentioned display substrate embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0109] It should be noted that the preparation method of the display substrate provided in the present disclosure is only an implementable method. Since the structures in different display substrates are slightly different, for example, the display substrate corresponding to Figure 3 or Figure 6 above only includes the first focusing structure 131. At this time, the position of the first focusing structure 131 may also be slightly adjusted, etc., and its preparation process will also be adjusted accordingly.

[0110] Based on the same invention, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display panel, which includes any one of the display substrates in the above embodiments.

[0111] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that: The display substrate comprises: substrate; A plurality of pixel units are provided on the substrate, each of the pixel units including a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit; the first pixel unit includes at least one first light emitting device, and the second pixel unit includes a second light emitting device; A plurality of first light-concentrating structures are arranged on a side of the pixel unit away from the base substrate, and the first light-concentrating structures are arranged corresponding to the first light-emitting devices.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The first pixel unit includes two first light-emitting devices, one first light-emitting device corresponds to one first light-concentrating structure, and the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the corresponding first light-emitting device on the base substrate.

3. The display substrate according to claim 2, wherein: The first pixel unit further includes a first pixel driving circuit, and both of the first light-emitting devices are connected to the first pixel driving circuit.

4. The display substrate according to claim 3, wherein: The two first light-emitting devices in one first pixel unit share a common anode.

5. The display substrate according to claim 2, wherein: The display substrate further includes a plurality of second light-concentrating structures, which are arranged on a side of the first light-concentrating structure away from the base substrate and correspond to the first pixel units.

6. The display substrate according to claim 5, wherein: The second light-concentrating structure is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first light-concentrating structure, and the orthographic projection of the second light-concentrating structure on the base substrate covers the orthographic projection of the first light-concentrating structure on the base substrate.

7. The display substrate according to claim 5, wherein: For each of the first light-concentrating structures, the ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the substrate to the maximum width of its orthographic projection on the substrate is 0.3 to 0.

6.

8. The display substrate according to claim 5, wherein: For each of the second light-concentrating structures, the ratio of its maximum height in a direction away from the base substrate to the maximum width of its orthographic projection on the base substrate is 0.2-0.

5.

9. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The first pixel unit includes a first light-emitting device, and one first light-emitting device corresponds to a plurality of first light-concentrating structures.

10. The display substrate according to claim 9, wherein: The display substrate further includes a plurality of second light-concentrating structures, which are arranged on a side of the first light-concentrating structure away from the base substrate, and the orthographic projection of each second light-concentrating structure on the base substrate covers a gap between two adjacent first light-concentrating structures.

11. The display substrate according to claim 10, wherein: The orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent second light-focusing structures on the base substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first light-focusing structure on the base substrate.

12. The display substrate according to claim 11, wherein: For the first light-concentrating structure, the ratio of its maximum height in the direction away from the substrate to the maximum width of its orthographic projection on the substrate is 0.4 to 0.7; and / or For the second light-concentrating structure, the ratio of its maximum height in the direction away from the base substrate to the maximum width of its orthographic projection on the base substrate is 0.4-0.

7.

13. The display substrate according to claim 5 or 10, characterized in that: The first light-focusing structure is a convex lens; and / or The second light-focusing structure is a convex lens.

14. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The display substrate further includes an encapsulation layer, which is disposed on a side of the pixel unit close to the first light-concentrating structure.

15. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The display substrate further includes a color filter layer located on the light emitting surface side of the first light emitting device; The first light-condensing structure is arranged on a side of the pixel unit close to the color filter layer.

16. A method for preparing a display substrate, characterized in that: The method comprises: providing a substrate; A plurality of pixel units are formed on the substrate, each of the pixel units including a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit; the first pixel unit includes at least one first light emitting device; and the second pixel unit includes a second light emitting device; A plurality of first light-concentrating structures are formed on a side of the pixel unit away from the base substrate, and the first light-concentrating structures are arranged corresponding to the first light-emitting devices.

17. A display panel, characterized in that: The display device comprises the display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

Images