Attenuation of common mode and differential mode currents by chokes in surgical systems

Abstract

A surgical system includes a surgical handpiece with a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires; and a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires. The power supply is configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three-phase motor, with the motor drive signal includes first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively. The first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles. The surgical system further includes magnetic cores disposed about the first, second, and third conductive wires so as to attenuate common mode current and differential mode current present in the motor drive signal.

Description

ATTENUATION OF COMMON MODE AND DIFFERENTIAL MODE CURRENTS BY CHOKES IN SURGICAL SYSTEMSCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] The present application claims priority to and all the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 619,454, filed January 10, 2024, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND

[0002] When operating a powered surgical instrument, noise in the power signal can diminish instrument performance and decrease the instrument’ s useful life. Common mode chokes are useful for suppressing noise from common mode current transmitted along conductive lines, but do not typically function to suppress noise from differential mode current transmitted along the lines. The size of such chokes can also be relatively large in the context of a handheld surgical instrument, which can negatively impact the ergonomics of the instrument during a procedure. As such, there remains a need in the art for improvement.SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0003] In a first aspect, a surgical system is provided. The surgical system includes a surgical handpiece comprising a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires; a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed about the first, second, and third conductive wires so as to attenuate common mode current and differential mode current present in the motor drive signal.

[0004] In a second aspect, a surgical system is provided. The surgical system includes a surgical handpiece comprising a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires; a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal supplied to the surgical handpiece for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a plurality of magnetic cores each disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

[0005] In a third aspect, a combined common mode and differential mode choke for a surgical system is provided. The surgical system includes a surgical handpiece with a three-phase motor, first, second, and third conductive wires, and a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal supplied to the surgical handpiece for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles. The choke comprises a plurality of magnetic cores each disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

[0006] In a fourth aspect, a connector for coupling a surgical handpiece including a three- phase motor to a power supply configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three- phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals having different phase angles, is provided. The connector includes: first, second, and third conductive wires for communicating the first, second, and third motor drive signals to the surgical handpiece respectively; and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed relative to the first, second, and thirdconductive wires as set forth in any one of the preceding aspects or below.

[0007] In a fifth aspect, a surgical system is provided. The surgical system includes: a surgical handpiece comprising a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires and a return wire; a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and the return wire, the power supply configured to generate a motor drive signal supplied to the surgical handpiece for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a single magnetic core disposed about each of the first, second, and third conductive wires and the return wire so as to attenuate common mode current and differential mode current present in the motor drive signal.

[0008] In a sixth aspect, a connector for coupling a surgical handpiece including a three- phase motor to a power supply configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three- phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals having different phase angles, is provided. The connector includes: first, second, and third conductive wires for communicating the first, second, and third motor drive signals to the surgical handpiece respectively and a return wire for being coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece; and a single magnetic core disposed about each of the first, second, and third conductive wires and the return wire so as to attenuate common mode current and differential mode current present in the motor drive signal.

[0009] In a seventh aspect, a method of assembling a combined common mode and differential mode choke for a surgical system, the surgical system including a surgical handpiece with a three-phase motor, first, second, and third conductive wires, and a power supply coupled tothe surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal supplied to the surgical handpiece for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles, is provided. The method includes: winding the first, second, and third conductive wires about a plurality of magnetic cores such that each of the plurality of magnetic cores is disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

[0010] Any two or more of the above aspects may be combined in whole or in part. Each of the above aspects may also be implemented in accordance with one or more of the exemplary implementations described below.

[0011] In some implementations, each of the plurality of magnetic cores is configured as a separate common mode choke and the plurality of magnetic cores are together configured to form a differential mode choke.

[0012] In some implementations, each of the plurality of magnetic cores is disposed about a different two of the first, second, and third conductive wires. In some implementations, each of the plurality of magnetic cores is disposed about only two of the first, second, and third conductive wires. In some implementations, the plurality of magnetic cores comprises three magnetic cores. In some implementations, the plurality of magnetic cores comprises four magnetic cores.

[0013] In some implementations, the first conductive wire is wound about a first and a second of the plurality of magnetic cores and not wound about a third of the plurality of magnetic cores; the second conductive wire is wound about the first and the third magnetic cores and not wound about the second magnetic core; and the third conductive wire is wound about the secondand the third magnetic cores and not wound about the first magnetic core. In some implementations, the first conductive wire is wound about the first magnetic core more times than the second conductive wire, the second conductive wire is wound about the third magnetic core more times than the third conductive wire, and the third conductive wire is wound about the second magnetic core more times than the first conductive wire.

[0014] In some implementations, the first and second conductive wires are wound about the first of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and second conductive wires; the first and third conductive wires are wound about the second of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and third conductive wires; and the second and third conductive wires are wound about the third of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the second and third conductive wires. In some implementations, the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the second conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the first conductive wire; the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the third conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the second conductive wire; and the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores a greater number of timesthan the first conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the third conductive wire.

[0015] In some implementations, each of the first, second and third conductive wires is wound about a fourth of the plurality of magnetic cores. In some implementations, the surgical system comprises a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, the return wire being wound about the fourth magnetic core. In some implementations, the return wire is not wound about any of the first, second, and third magnetic cores, or is wound about each of the plurality of magnetic cores. In some implementations, the surgical system comprises a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, wherein the return wire is not wound about any of the plurality of magnetic cores.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Referring now to the drawings, exemplary illustrations are shown in detail. Although the drawings represent examples, the drawings are not necessarily to scale and certain features may be exaggerated or schematic in form to better illustrate and explain a particular aspect of an illustrative example. Any one or more of these aspects can be used alone or in combination with one another. Further, the exemplary illustrations described herein are not intended to be exhaustive or otherwise limiting or restricting to the precise form and configuration shown in the drawings and disclosed in the following detailed description. Exemplary illustrations are described in detail by referring to the drawings as follows:

[0017] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a surgical system including a surgical handpiece and a choke for reducing noise in a drive signal sourced to the surgical handpiece.

[0018] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the surgical system of FIG. 1.

[0019] FIG. 3A illustrates an arrangement of a magnetic core relative to conductive wires of the surgical system that may be incorporated in the choke of FIG. 1.

[0020] FIG. 3B includes graphs illustrating attenuation of common mode current by the magnetic core arrangement of FIG 3A.

[0021] FIG. 4A illustrates another arrangement of a magnetic core relative to conductive wires of the surgical system that may be incorporated in the choke of FIG. 1.

[0022] FIG. 4B includes graphs illustrating attenuation of common mode current and differential mode current by the magnetic core arrangement of FIG. 4A.

[0023] FIG. 5A illustrates an arrangement of a plurality of magnetic cores relative to conductive wires of the surgical system that may be incorporated in the choke of FIG. 1.

[0024] FIG. 5B includes graphs illustrating attenuation of common mode current by the magnetic core arrangement of FIG. 5 A.

[0025] FIG. 6A illustrates another arrangement of a plurality of magnetic cores relative to conductive wires of the surgical system that may be incorporated in the choke of FIG. 1.

[0026] FIG. 6B includes graphs illustrating attenuation of common mode current and differential mode current by the magnetic core arrangement of FIG. 6A.

[0027] FIG. 7 illustrates a further arrangement of a plurality of magnetic cores relative to conductive wires of the surgical system that may be incorporated in the choke of FIG. 1.

[0028] FIG. 8 illustrates an additional arrangement of a plurality magnetic cores relative to conductive wires of the surgical system that may be incorporated in the choke of FIG. 1 and in which a return line of the surgical system is not wound about the plurality of magnetic cores.

[0029] FIG. 9 illustrates another arrangement of a plurality of magnetic cores relative to conductive wires of the surgical system that may be incorporated in the choke of FIG. 1 and inwhich a return line of the surgical system is wound about one of the plurality of magnetic cores.

[0030] FIG. 10 illustrates a further arrangement of a plurality of magnetic cores relative to conductive wires of the surgical system that may be incorporated in the choke of FIG. 1 and in which a return line of the surgical system is wound about each of the plurality of magnetic cores.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] FIG. 1 illustrates a surgical system 10 including a surgical console 12 and a surgical handpiece 14. The surgical handpiece 14 may include a motor 16, which may be driven by the surgical console 12. For instance, the surgical handpiece 14 may be removably coupleable to the surgical console 12 via a connector 17, which may take the form of an electrical cable extending between the surgical handpiece 14 and surgical console 12. In some implementations, the connector 17 may be permanently fixed to the surgical handpiece 14 and may be configured to be removably received in a port of the surgical console 12 so as to form an electrical connection between the surgical console 12 and the surgical handpiece 14, and thereby enable the surgical console 12 to drive the motor 16.

[0032] Additionally, the surgical system 10 includes a choke 18, which is configured to attenuate noise in the drive signal provided by the surgical console 12 to the surgical handpiece 14 to drive the motor 16. As shown in the illustrated example, the choke 18 may be incorporated in the connector 17. The combination of the surgical handpiece 14 and connector 17, including the choke 18, may be referred to as a surgical instrument of the surgical system 10. In alternative instances, the choke 18 may be integrated with another suitable component of the surgical system 10. For example, the choke 18 may be disposed within or integrated with the surgical console 12. In another example, the choke 18 may be disposed within or integrated with the surgical handpiece

[0033] An example of the surgical system 10 is illustrated in FIG. 2. As shown in the illustrated example, the surgical console 12 may include a power supply 20 configured to generate a motor drive signal 22 for driving the motor 16. In the instance of FIG. 2, the motor 16 is a three- phase motor. The surgical console 12, or more particularly the power supply 20, is thus coupled to the surgical handpiece 14, or more particularly the motor 16, via a first, second, and third conductive wire 24, 26, 28 for driving each phase of the three-phase motor 16. Correspondingly, the motor drive signal 22 includes a first, second, and third drive signal 30, 32, 34 for driving each phase of the three-phase motor 16, wherein the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 each has a different phase angle. Each of the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 is transmitted along a corresponding one of the conductive wires 24, 26, 28, which may be disposed in the connector 17.

[0034] In some implementations, the surgical handpiece 14 may include the power supply 20. For instance, the power supply 20, the motor 16, the conductive wires 24, 26, 28, and the choke 18 may be disposed within a housing of the surgical handpiece 14. The power supply 20 may alternatively be fixed to and supported on the outside of the surgical handpiece 14 housing, such as so that electrical contacts of the power supply 20 are in contact with corresponding electrical contacts on the surgical handpiece 14 housing that in turn are electrically coupled to the conductive wires 24, 26. 28. The power supply 20 may thus be coupled to the motor 16 via the first, second, and third conductive wires 24, 26, 28 within or through the surgical handpiece 14 housing. In such implementations, the surgical console 12 may be omitted. Additionally in such implementations, the power supply 20 may be removeable from the housing of the surgical handpiece 14, and / or may include a replaceable or rechargeable battery.

[0035] In some implementations, the surgical console 12 may be configured to drive themotor 16 with each of the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 simultaneously. In other words, the motor drive signal 22 may include each of the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 at the same time. In other implementations, the surgical console 12 may be configured to drive the motor 16 by sourcing two of the first, second, and third drive signal 30, 32, 34 at a given time, and regularly alternating between which two of the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 are currently active. In other words, the motor drive signal 22 may include two and omit one of the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 at a given time.

[0036] Still referring to FIG. 2, the choke 18 may generally be configured to attenuate undesired current in the motor drive signal 22 provided from the surgical console 12, or more particularly from the power supply 20, by filtering the motor drive signal 22. More specifically, the choke 18 may be configured to filter the motor drive signal 22 to provide a filtered motor drive signal 40 for driving the motor 16. As the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 of the motor drive signal 22 pass through the choke 18, the choke 18 may filter the motor drive signal 22 to provide the filtered motor drive signal 40, which may correspondingly include a first, second, and third filtered drive signal 42, 44, 46 for driving the motor 16.

[0037] In some instances, the surgical system 10 may further include a control device 36. As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 36 may provide an input signal 38 to the surgical console 12. The surgical console 12 may generate the motor drive signal 22 in response to receiving the input signal 38 from the control device 36. In the instance of FIG. 1, the control device 36 is illustrated as a footswitch. However, in other instances, the control device 36 may include a hand- operable control device (referred to herein as a “handswitch”), a voice- actuated control device, a knee-operated control device, a gesture-control device, an augmented / mixed reality control device, and / or any other suitable control device for providing an input signal to the surgical console 12.

[0038] In still other instances, the control device 36 may include one or more mobile computing devices. Such mobile computing devices may include cellular phones, smart phones, laptops, tablets, wearable remote devices, or any other mobile computing device that is suitable for providing an input signal to the surgical console 12. For example, the control device 36 may include a tablet customized for surgical applications and including a touchscreen. In such an example, a user of the tablet may operate the surgical handpiece 14 by touching portions of the touchscreen and selecting commands for the surgical handpiece 14.

[0039] The surgical console 12 may be any suitable surgical console for generating the motor drive signal 22 and supplying the motor drive signal 22 to a surgical handpiece 14. For example, the surgical console 12 may be or include features of the surgical consoles described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2021 / 0212670, U.S. Patent Publication No. 2019 / 0117322, U.S. Patent Publication No. 2022 / 0338938, and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2023 / 0074846, the disclosure of each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0040] The surgical handpiece 14 may be any suitable surgical handpiece that may include a motor driven by a motor drive signal. For example, the surgical handpiece 14 may include a specialty drill, a high-powered tapered drill, a modular handpiece, a high-speed pencil-grip drill, a drill for intraoperative procedures, a drill for oral surgery, a drill for ENT surgery, a sagittal, oscillating or a reciprocating saw, a microdebrider, and the like.

[0041] As described above, the choke 18 is generally configured to attenuate undesired current in the motor drive signal 22 provided from the surgical console 12, or more particularly the power supply 20 of the surgical console 12. Specifically, the choke 18 may be configured to attenuate undesired common mode current and differential mode current present in the motor drive signal 22.

[0042] As previously stated, the motor drive signal 22 may include a first, second, and third motor drive signal 30, 32, 34. The first, second, and third motor drive signals 30, 32, 34 may be any suitable signals for driving the motor 16. For example, the first, second, and third motor drive signals 30, 32, 34 may be sinusoidal signals, trapezoidal wave signals, triangular wave signals, square wave signals, and / or any other suitable signal. Additionally, the first, second, and third motor drive signals 30, 32, 34 may each be expressed as a sum of signals, such as having one or more of the above-described shapes, at different frequencies. For example, the first, second, and third motor drive signals 30, 32, 34 may each be expressed as a sum of sinusoidal signals with varying frequencies.

[0043] The motor drive signal 22 may include both desirable and undesirable types of differential mode current. The desirable differential mode current may be purposefully generated by the power supply 20 to drive the motor 16. The choke 18 may be configured to pass such current to the motor 16 without substantial attenuation. Such current may thus form the filtered motor drive signal 40. Conversely, the undesirable differential mode current may not be purposefully generated for driving the motor 16, but instead may be generated as an undesired byproduct from operating the power supply 20. For example, such differential mode current may include undesirably large currents at relatively high frequencies (e.g., frequencies in the order of MHz), and may result from the power supply 20 being quickly switched on / off, resulting in overshoot of the motor drive signals 30, 32, 34. The choke 18 may be configured to attenuate such undesired differential mode current from the motor drive signal 22 as per the design needs of the surgical system 10 and so as to provide the filtered motor drive signal 40 based primarily on the desired differential mode current. Specifically, the choke 18 may be configured to attenuate the differential mode current of the motor drive signal 22 relative to frequencies corresponding to theundesired different mode current and pass the differential mode current of the motor drive signal 22 relative to frequencies corresponding to the desired differential mode current so as provide the filtered motor drive signal 40.

[0044] The motor drive signal 22 may also include common mode current. For example, design asymmetries of the surgical system 10 may function to convert a portion of the differential mode current of the motor drive signal 22 to common mode current. Generally, it is advantageous to attenuate all or substantially all common mode current with the choke 18 as common mode current can create unwanted noise within the surgical system 10, which may radiate from the surgical system 10 as extraneous emissions. The choke 18 may be configured to attenuate the common mode current for frequencies of interest as per the design needs of the surgical system 10. For example, the common mode current may be attenuated for a range of frequencies, such as relatively high frequencies (e.g., frequencies in the order of MHz) and / or relatively low frequencies (e.g., frequencies in the order of kHz).

[0045] As described in more detail below, the choke 18 may include a plurality of magnetic cores 50 disposed relative to the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 so as to attenuate common mode current, differential mode current, or both. FIGS. 3A and 4A each illustrate a configuration of a magnetic core 50 relative to the conductive wires 24, 26 that may be incorporated in the choke 18 of the surgical system 10. In the illustrated examples, the first and second motor drive signals 30, 32 of the motor drive signal 22 include first and second differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2 respectively, and are transmitted along the first and second conductive wires 24, 26, respectively. The motor drive signal 22 also includes a common mode current icomm, which may be the result of conversion of a portion of the first and second differential mode currents idiffj , idiff 2 by the surgical system 10. The common mode current icomm is an undesirable component of the motor drive signal22 to be attenuated by the choke 18. The magnetic cores 50 of FIGS. 3 A and 4A may thus be configured to attenuate the common mode current iCOmm to generate a filtered motor drive signal 40 that is primarily based on the first and second differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 3A, the common mode current iComm transmitted along the conductive wires 24, 26 may be attenuated by winding each the first and second conductive wires 24, 26 about the magnetic core 50 an equivalent number of times. In other words, the magnetic core 50 may be disposed relative to the first and second conductive wires 24, 26 such that each conductive wire 24, 26 is wound about the magnetic core 50 ‘n’ times so as to form ‘n’ common mode windings, with ‘n’ corresponding to a number of times each conductive wire 24, 26 passes through the magnetic core 50. In the instance of FIGS. 3 A, the conductive wires 24, 26 are each wound about the magnetic core 50 so that ‘n’ is equal to two, as the conductive wires 24, 26 are each wound about the magnetic core 50 to pass through the magnetic core 50 twice.

[0047] Wrapping the conductive wires 24, 26 in the above manner increases impedance of the conductive wires 24, 26 at the magnetic core 50 relative to the common mode current iComm of the motor drive signal 22, and thereby causes the choke 18 to attenuate common mode current immmat both high and low frequencies. In the example of FIG. 3A, the common mode current iComm_f of the filtered motor drive signal 40 is represented as being smaller than the common mode current icomm of the motor drive signal 22 to illustrate attenuation of the common mode current iComm by the choke 18. Referring to FIG. 3B, the magnitude of the common mode current iCOmm_f of the filtered motor drive signal 40 is attenuated for high and low frequencies relative to the common mode current Icomm of the motor drive signal 22.

[0048] As further illustrated in FIG. 3B, the choke 18 of FIG. 3A attenuates the common mode current icomm without significantly attenuating the first and second differential mode currentsidiff_i, idiff_2 present in the motor drive signal 22. As described above, the first and second differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2 may be desirable components of the motor drive signal 22 used to drive the motor 16. Accordingly, the first and second differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2 pass through the choke 18 without significant attenuation and serve as the first and second filtered motor drive signals 42, 44, respectively. As shown in the illustrated example of FIG. 3B, the magnitude of the first and second differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2 may not be significantly attenuated at any frequency.

[0049] Conversely to the choke 18 of FIG. 3 A, the choke 18 of FIG. 4A may be configured to attenuate both common mode current and undesired differential mode current present in the motor drive signal 22. Unlike FIG. 3A, the first motor drive signal 30 illustrated in FIG. 4A includes both differential mode current idift_t and an undesired differential mode noise inoise, the latter of which is an undesired differential mode current. The choke 18 of FIG. 4A is disposed relative to the first and second conductive wires 24, 26 to attenuate the differential mode noise inoise from the first motor drive signal 30 and generate the first filtered motor drive signal 42, which thus primarily corresponds to the first differential motor current idiff_i. The second motor drive signal 32 does not include differential mode noise and may pass through the choke 18 without significant attenuation to serve as the second filtered motor drive signal 44. Similar to FIG. 3A, a portion of the first and second differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2 of FIG. 4A may be converted to a common mode current iComm transmitted along both conductive wires 24, 26, which is an undesirable component of the motor drive signal 22 to be attenuated by the choke 18. As shown in FIG. 4A and 4B, the choke 18 may thus be configured to also attenuate the common mode current iCOmm to generate a filtered motor drive signal 40 that is primarily based on the first and second differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2.

[0050] In the example of FIG. 4A, the common mode current iCOmm transmitted along both conductive wires 24, 26 may be attenuated by winding the first and second conductive wires 24, 26 about the magnetic core 50 an equivalent number of times, and the undesired differential mode current inoise transmitted along the first conductive wire 24 may be attenuated by winding the first conductive wire 24 about the magnetic core 50 a greater number of times than the second conductive wire 26. In other words, the magnetic core 50 may be disposed relative to the first and second conductive wires 24, 26 such that both conductive wires 24, 26 are wound about the magnetic core 50 ‘n’ times to include ‘n’ common mode windings to attenuate the common mode current icomm, and the conductive wire 24 transmitting the undesired differential mode current inoise is wound about the magnetic core 50 ‘m’ times to include ‘m’ differential mode windings, where ‘n’ and ‘m’ each correspond to a number of times a conductive wire 24, 26 passes through the magnetic core. As such, the conductive wire 24 transmitting both common mode current iCOmm and undesired differential mode current inoise is wound about the magnetic core to include a total of “n + m” windings, and the conductive wire 26 transmitting the common mode current icomm and not undesired differential mode current inoise is wound about the magnetic core 50 to include a total of ‘n’ windings.

[0051] In the instance of FIG. 4A, each of the conductive wires 24, 26 are wound about the magnetic core 50 to include ‘n’ common mode windings to attenuate the common mode current icomm, where ‘n’ is equal to two, as the conductive wires 24, 26 are each wound about the magnetic core 50 to pass through the magnetic core 50 twice. Additionally, the first conductive wire 24 is wound about the magnetic core 50 additional times to include ‘m’ differential mode windings to attenuate the undesired differential mode current inoise, where ‘m’ is equal to one, as the first conductive wire 24 is wound about the magnetic core 50 to pass through the magnetic core 50 oneadditional time such that the first conductive wire 24 is wound about the magnetic core 50 a greater number of times than the second conductive wire 26. In other words, the first conductive wire 24 is wound about the magnetic core 50 so as to form two common mode windings and one differential mode winding such that the first conductive wire 24 passes through the magnetic core 50 a total of three times. The second conductive wire 26 is wound about the magnetic core 50 so as to form two common mode windings such that the second conductive wire 26 passes through the magnetic core 50 a total of two times.

[0052] Winding the first and second conductive wires 24, 26 about the magnetic core 50 as described above increases the impedance of the conductive wires 24, 26 at the magnetic core 50 relative to the common corde current icomm, and increases the impedance of the conductive wire 24A at the magnetic core 50 relative to the undesired differential mode current inoise, thereby causing the choke 18 of FIG. 4A to attenuate both the common mode cunent icomm and the undesired differential mode current inoise transmitted along the first conductive wire 24. In the example of FIG. 4A, the first filtered motor drive signal 42 is represented as being smaller than the first motor drive signal 30 to illustrate attenuation of the differential mode current inoise by the choke 18, and the common mode current iCOmm_f of the filtered motor drive signal 40 is represented as being smaller than the common mode current icomm of the motor drive signal 22 to illustrate attenuation of the common mode current icomm by the choke 18. Referring to FIG. 4B, the magnitude of the first filtered motor drive signal 42 is illustrated as being attenuated at higher frequencies to represent attention of the differential mode noise inoise, and the magnitude of the common mode current icomm_f of the filtered motor drive signal 40 is attenuated for high and low frequencies relative to the common mode current icomm of the motor drive signal 22.

[0053] FIGS. 5 A and 6A each illustrate an exemplary choke 18 that may be incorporatedinto the surgical system 10. As shown in the illustrated examples, each choke 18 may include a plurality of magnetic cores 50, such as first, second, and third magnetic cores 50A, 50B, 50C, disposed about the first, second, and third conductive wires 24, 26, 28. More specifically, the magnetic cores 50 may each be disposed about the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 such that at least two of the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 are wound about the magnetic core 50 and at least one of the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 is not wound about the magnetic core 50. In other words, the chokes 18 of FIGS. 5A and 6A may each be configured as a combination of two-phase chokes configured to attenuate common mode current and / or undesired differential mode current in the motor drive signal 22, while minimizing a size of the choke 18. The magnetic cores 50 may be formed of any suitable material. For example, the magnetic cores may be formed of a ferromagnetic metal such as iron, or ferrimagnetic compounds, such as ferrite.

[0054] For instance, as shown in the illustrated examples, the first magnetic core 50A may be disposed about the first and second conductive wires 24, 26 and not the third conductive wire 28; the second magnetic core 50B may be disposed about the first and third conductive wires 24, 28 and not the second conductive wire 26; and the third magnetic core 50C may be disposed about the second and third conductive wires 26, 28 and not the first conductive wire 24. Said differently, the first conductive wire 24 may be wound about the first and second magnetic cores 50A, 50B and not wound about the third magnetic cores 50C; the second conductive wire 26 may be wound about the first and third magnetic cores 50A, 50C and not the second magnetic core 50B; and the third conductive wire 28 may be wound about the second and the third magnetic cores 50B, 50C and not wound about the first magnetic core 50 A.

[0055] The choke 18 of FIG. 5 A may be configured to attenuate common mode current present in the motor drive signal 22. In the illustrated example, the first, second, and third drivesignals 30, 32, 34 of the motor drive signal 22 of the motor drive signal 22 include first, second, and third differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2, idiff_3 respectively. A portion of the first, second, and third differential mode currents idiffj, idiff_2, idiff_3 may be converted to a common mode current icomm also included in the motor drive signal 22. As shown in FIG. 5B, the choke 18 attenuates the common mode current icomm to generate a filtered motor drive signal 40 largely based on the first, second, and third differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2, idiff_3-

[0056] To this end, each group of conductive wires 24, 26, 28 passing through a given magnetic core 50 may be wound about the magnetic core 50 ‘n” times so as to form ‘n’ common mode windings that operate to attenuate the common mode current icomm passing through the group of conductive wires 24, 26, 28. For instance, as shown in the illustrated example of FIG. 5 A, conductive wires 24, 26 are each wound about the magnetic core 50A to form one common mode winding; conductive wires 24, 28 are each wound about the magnetic core 50B to form one common mode winding; and the conductive wires 26, 28 are each wound about the magnetic core 50C to form one common mode winding. In FIG. 5A, the filtered common mode current iComm_f is represented as being smaller than the common mode current iComm to illustrate attenuation of the common mode current icomniby the choke 18. Referring to FIG. 5B, the magnitude of the filtered common mode current iComm_f present in the filtered motor drive signal 40 is illustrated as being attenuated for high and low frequencies relative to the magnitude of the common mode current icomm present in the motor drive signal 22.

[0057] As illustrated in FIG. 5B, the choke 18 of FIGS. 5 A may be configured attenuate common mode current iCOmm without significantly attenuating the differential mode current present in the motor drive signal 22. Specifically, the first, second, and third differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2, idiff_3 of FIGS. 5 A and 5B may be desirable components of the motor drive signal 22that were purposefully generated to drive the three-phase motor 16. Accordingly, the choke 18 may be configured such that the first, second, and third differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2,idiff_3 pass through the choke 18 without significant attenuation and largely serve as the first, second, and third filtered motor drive signals 42, 44, 46, respectively. Correspondingly, referring to FIG. 5B, the magnitude of the first, second, and third filtered motor drive signals 42, 44, 46 are not significantly attenuated at any frequency relative to the first, second, and third motor drive signals 30, 32, 34, which are primarily formed from the first, second, and third differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2, idiffj respectively.

[0058] The choke 18 of FIG. 6 A may be configured to attenuate both common mode current and undesired differential mode current present in the motor drive signal 22. In the illustrated example, the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 of the motor drive signal 22 include first, second, and third differential mode currents idiff_t, idiff_2, idiff_3 respectively, and include first, second, and third undesired differential mode noise inoisei, inoise2, inoise3 respectively. Additionally, the motor drive signal 22 includes common mode current icomm, which may be the result of conversion of a portion of the first, second, and third differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2, idiffj by imbalances in the surgical system 10. As shown in FIG. 6B, the choke 18 attenuates the first, second, and third undesired differential mode noise inoisei, inoise2, inoise3 and the common mode current icomm so as to generate the filtered motor drive signal 40 largely based on the first, second, and third differential mode currents idiff_i, idiff_2, idiff_3.

[0059] To this end, each group of conductive wires 24, 26, 28 passing through a given magnetic core 50 may be wound about the magnetic core 50 ‘n’ times to form ‘n’ common mode windings that operate to attenuate the common mode current icomm passing through the group of conductive wires 24, 26, 28. Additionally, one of the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 passing througha given magnetic core 50 may additionally be wound about the magnetic core 50 ‘m’ times to form ‘m’ differential mode windings, such that this conductive wire 24, 26, 28 is wound about the magnetic core 50 a greater number of times than the remaining conductive wire 24, 26, 28. For each of the magnetic cores 50, a different one of the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 may be wound to form the differential mode windings.

[0060] For instance, as shown in the illustrated example of FIG. 6A, the conductive wires 24, 26 are each wound about the magnetic core 50A once to form one common mode winding and the conductive wire 24 is wound about the magnetic core 50A an additional time to form one differential mode winding; the conductive wires 24, 28 are each wound about the magnetic core 50B once to form one common mode winding and the conductive wire 28 is wound about the magnetic core 50B an additional time to form one differential mode winding; and the conductive wires 26, 28 are each wound about the magnetic core 50C once to form one common mode winding and the conductive wire 28 is wound about the magnetic core 50C an additional time to form one differential mode winding. In FIG. 6A, the filtered common mode current iComm_f is represented as being smaller than the common mode current icomm to illustrate attenuation of the common mode current iCOmm by the choke 18, and the first, second, and third filtered drive signals 42, 44, 46 are represented as being smaller than the first, second, and third drive signals 30, 32, 34 to illustrate attenuation of the first, second, and third undesired differential mode currents idiffj, idiff_2, idiff_3 by the choke 18. Referring to FIG. 6B, the magnitude of the common mode current icomm and the first, second, and third undesired differential mode currents inoisei, inoise2, inoise3 are illustrated as being attenuated.

[0061] The conductive wires 24, 26, 28 of the surgical system 10 may be wound about the magnetic cores 50 in alternative configurations based on the design needs of the surgical system10. For example, the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 may be wound about the magnetic cores 50 so as to only form differential mode windings. Additionally or alternatively, each conductive wire 24, 28, 28 may be wound about the magnetic cores 50 an alternative number of times so as to correspond to the expected magnitude of the common mode current and / or differential mode current to be attenuated. For example, the greater the magnitude of the common mode current to be attenuated, the greater the number of common mode windings that may be formed around each magnetic core 50. Additionally, the greater a magnitude of the differential mode current to be attenuated, the greater the number of differential mode windings that may be formed around each magnetic core 50. As an example, FIG. 7 illustrates an example where the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 are each wound about the magnetic cores a greater number of times to form two common mode windings around each magnetic core 50 so as to attenuate common mode current of a greater magnitude than the previous examples, and where the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 are each wound about a magnetic core 50 two additional times to form two differential mode windings around the magnetic core 50 so as to attenuate greater differential mode current than the previous examples.

[0062] It should be noted that the number of times each conductive wire 24, 26, 28 may be wound about a given magnetic core 50 may also be limited based on design concerns. For example, each additional winding of a given conductive wire 24, 26, 28 may introduce additional electrical parasitics.

[0063] Additionally or alternatively, the choke 18 may include further or fewer magnetic cores 50. For example, referring to FIG. 8, the choke 18 may further include a fourth magnetic core 50D disposed about the conductive wires 24, 26, 28. As shown in the illustrated example, each of the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 may be wound about the fourth magnetic core 50D, such as an equal number of times (e.g., ‘n’ times, corresponding to the number of common modewindings formed around each of the other magnetic cores 50). In other instances, the choke 18 may include a different number of magnetic cores 50, such as two magnetic cores 50, five magnetic cores 50, six magnetic cores 50, etc.

[0064] As previously described, the surgical system 10 may be configured such that during operation of the motor 16, the surgical console 12 uses one of the conductive wires 24, 26, 28 as a supply wire and uses one or more of the other conductive wires 24, 26, 28 as return wires, such as on an alternating basis. In some examples, the surgical system 10 may also include a dedicated return wire RET, illustrated in FIGS. 8-10. In some implementations, such as illustrated in FIG. 8, the return wire RET may run outside the choke 19, such that the magnetic cores 50 are not disposed about the return wire RET. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the return wire RET may be wound about one of the magnetic cores 50 of the choke 18, such as the fourth magnetic core 50D. Winding the return wire RET about the fourth magnetic core 50D increases impedance of current along the return wire RET, which aids in attenuation of common mode current and / or differential mode current. As another example, in the instance of FIG. 10, the return wire RET is wound about each of the magnetic cores 50 of the choke 18.

[0065] In addition to the examples described above, the varying aspects of the choke 18 disclosed herein may be used with other powered and / or motorized surgical devices including, but not limited to, a surgical fluid management device, or more particularly the pump of such device, such as that described in U.S. Patent No. 9,474,848 entitled “Fluid Management System”, and / or a battery-powered handheld surgical tool, such as that described in U.S. Patent No. 12,029,439 entitled “Surgical Tool System With Interchangeable Battery And Control Modules”, the disclosures of each of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. According to some implementations, the varying aspects of the choke 18 may be used with a surgical deviceand / or system that integrates the motor, power supply, and conductors in a same housing / unit.

[0066] Embodiments of the disclosure may be described with reference to the following exemplary clauses:

[0067] Clause 1 — A surgical device including: a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires coupled to the three-phase motor and configured to receive a motor drive signal from a power supply for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the three-phase motor over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed about the first, second, and third conductive wires so as to attenuate common mode current and / or differential mode current present in the motor drive signal, wherein optionally, each of the magnetic cores is disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

[0068] Clause 2 - The surgical device of clause 1, further comprising the power supply, wherein optionally, the power supply comprises a battery.

[0069] Clause 3 — A surgical system including: a surgical device comprising a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires; a power supply coupled to the surgical device via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical device over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed about the first, second, and third conductive wires so as to attenuate common mode current and / or differential mode current present in the motor drive signal, wherein optionally, each of the magnetic cores is disposed about at least two of the first,second, and third conductive wires.

[0070] Clause 4 - A power system for a surgical device with a three-phase motor, the power system including: first, second, and third conductive wires; a power supply configured to be coupled to the surgical device via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical device over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed about the first, second, and third conductive wires so as to attenuate common mode current and / or differential mode current present in the motor drive signal, wherein optionally, each of the magnetic cores is disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

[0071] Clause 6 - A connector for coupling a surgical device including a three-phase motor to a power supply configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals having different phase angles, the connector comprising: first, second, and third conductive wires for communicating the first, second, and third motor drive signals to the surgical device respectively and a return wire for being coupled between the power supply and the surgical device; and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed relative to the first, second, and third conductive wires as set forth in any one of the preceding clauses.

[0072] Clause 7 - A common mode and / or differential mode choke for a surgical device including a three-phase motor configured to be driven by a motor drive signal generated by a power supply and supplied to the three-phase motor over first, second, and third conductive wires, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgicaldevice over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles, the choke comprising: a plurality of magnetic cores disposed relative to the first, second, and third conductive wires as set forth in any one of the preceding clauses.

[0073] Clause 8 - Any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the surgical device is a surgical fluid management device, and the three-phase motor is configured to operate a pump of the surgical fluid management device.

[0074] The broad teachings of the disclosure can be implemented in a variety of forms. Therefore, while this disclosure includes particular examples, the true scope of the disclosure should not be so limited since other modifications will become apparent upon a study of the drawings, the specification, and the following interconnected with a broad header claim. It should be understood that one or more steps within a method may be executed in different order (or concurrently) without altering the principles of the present disclosure. Further, although each of the examples is described above as having certain features, any one or more of those features described with respect to any example of the disclosure can be implemented in and / or combined with features of any of the other examples, even if that combination is not explicitly described. In other words, the described examples are not mutually exclusive, and permutations of one or more examples with one another remain within the scope of this disclosure.

[0075] Spatial and functional relationships between elements (for example, between controllers, circuit elements, semiconductor layers, etc.) are described using various terms, including “connected,” “engaged,” “coupled,” “adjacent,” “next to,” “on top of,” “above,” “below,” and “disposed.” Unless explicitly described as being “direct,” when a relationship between first and second elements is described in the above disclosure, that relationship can be adirect relationship where no other intervening elements are present between the first and second elements, but can also be an indirect relationship where one or more intervening elements are present (either spatially or functionally) between the first and second elements.

[0076] As used herein, the phrase at least one of A, B, and C should be construed to mean a logical (A OR B OR C), using a non-exclusive logical OR, and should not be construed to mean “at least one of A, at least one of B, and at least one of C.” The term subset does not necessarily require a proper subset. In other words, a first subset of a first set may be coextensive with (equal to) the first set.

[0077] In the figures, the direction of an arrow, as indicated by the arrowhead, generally demonstrates the flow of information (such as data or instructions) that is of interest to the illustration. For example, when element A and element B exchange a variety of information but information transmitted from element A to element B is relevant to the illustration, the arrow may point from element A to element B. This unidirectional arrow does not imply that no other information is transmitted from element B to element A. Further, for information sent from element A to element B, element B may send requests for, or receipt acknowledgements of, the information to element A.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A surgical system including: a surgical handpiece comprising a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires; a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed about the first, second, and third conductive wires so as to attenuate common mode current and differential mode current present in the motor drive signal.

2. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of magnetic cores is configured as a separate common mode choke and the plurality of magnetic cores are together configured to form a differential mode choke.

3. The surgical system of claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the plurality of magnetic cores is disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

4. The surgical system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the plurality of magnetic cores comprises three magnetic cores.

5. The surgical system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the plurality of magnetic cores comprises four magnetic cores.

6. The surgical system of any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the first conductive wire is wound about a first and a second of the plurality of magnetic cores and not wound about a third of the plurality of magnetic cores; the second conductive wire is wound about the first and the third magnetic cores and not wound about the second magnetic core; and the third conductive wire is wound about the second and the third magnetic cores and not wound about the first magnetic core.

7. The surgical system of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: the first and second conductive wires are wound about the first of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and second conductive wires; the first and third conductive wires are wound about the second of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and third conductive wires; and the second and third conductive wires are wound about the third of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode cunent transmitted along the second and third conductive wires.

8. The surgical system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein: the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the second conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the first conductive wire; the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the third conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the second conductive wire; and the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the first conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the third conductive wire.

9. The surgical system of any one of claims 6-8, wherein each of the first, second and third conductive wires is wound about a fourth of the plurality of magnetic cores.

10. The surgical system of claim 9, comprising a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, the return wire being wound about the fourth magnetic core.

11. The surgical system of claim 10, wherein the return wire is not wound about any of the first, second, and third magnetic cores, or is wound about each of the plurality of magnetic cores.

12. The surgical system of any one of claims 1-9, comprising a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, wherein the return wire is not wound about the plurality of magnetic cores.

13. A surgical system including: a surgical handpiece comprising a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires; a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal supplied to the surgical handpiece for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a plurality of magnetic cores each disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

14. The surgical system of claim 13, wherein the plurality of magnetic cores comprises three magnetic cores.

15. The surgical system of claim 13, wherein the plurality of magnetic cores comprises four magnetic cores.

16. The surgical system of any one of claims 13-15, wherein: the first conductive wire is wound about a first and a second of the plurality of magnetic cores and not wound about a third of the plurality of magnetic cores; the second conductive wire is wound about the first and the third magnetic cores and not wound about the second magnetic core; and the third conductive wire is wound about the second and the third magnetic cores and not wound about the first magnetic core.

17. The surgical system of any one of claims 13-16, wherein: the first and second conductive wires are wound about the first of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and second conductive wires; the first and third conductive wires are wound about the second of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and third conductive wires; and the second and third conductive wires are wound about the third of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the second and third conductive wires.

18. The surgical system of any one of claims 13-17, wherein:the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the second conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the first conductive wire; the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the third conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the second conductive wire; and the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the first conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the third conductive wire.

19. The surgical system of any one of claims 16-18, wherein each of the first, second and third conductive wires is wound about a fourth of the plurality of magnetic cores.

20. The surgical system of claim 19, comprising a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, the return wire being wound about the fourth magnetic core.

21. The surgical system of claim 20, wherein the return wire is not wound about any of the first, second, and third magnetic cores, or is wound about each of the plurality of magnetic cores.

22. The surgical system of any one of claims 13-19, comprising a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, wherein the return wire is not wound about the plurality of magnetic cores.

23. A combined common mode and differential mode choke for a surgical system, the surgical system including a surgical handpiece with a three-phase motor, first, second, and third conductive wires, and a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal supplied to the surgical handpiece for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles, the choke comprising: a plurality of magnetic cores each disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

24. The combined common mode and differential mode choke of claim 23, wherein the plurality of magnetic cores comprises three magnetic cores.

25. The combined common mode and differential mode choke of claim 23, wherein the plurality of magnetic cores comprises four magnetic cores.

26. The combined common mode and differential mode choke of any one of claims 24-25, wherein the plurality of magnetic cores comprise: a first magnetic core disposed about the first and second conductive wires and not the third conductive wire; a second magnetic core disposed about the second and third conductive wires and not the first conductive wire; and a third magnetic core disposed about the first and third conductive wires and not the second conductive wire.

27. The combined common mode and differential mode choke any one of claims 24-26, wherein: the first and second conductive wires are wound about the first of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and second conductive wires; the first and third conductive wires are wound about the second of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and third conductive wires; and the second and third conductive wires are wound about the third of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the second and third conductive wires.

28. The combined common mode and differential mode choke any one of claims 24-27, wherein:the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the second conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the first conductive wire; the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the third conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the second conductive wire; and the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the first conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the third conductive wire.

29. The combined common mode and differential mode choke of any one of claims 26- 28, wherein the plurality of magnetic cores comprise a fourth magnetic core disposed about each of the first, second and third conductive wires.

30. The combined common mode and differential mode choke of claim 29, wherein the surgical system comprises a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, and the fourth magnetic core is disposed about the return wire.

31. The combined common mode and differential mode choke of claim 30, wherein none of the first, second, and third magnetic cores are disposed about the return wire, or each of the first, second, and third magnetic cores is disposed about the return wire.

32. The combined common mode and differential mode choke of any one of claims 23- 29, wherein the surgical system comprises a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, and the plurality of magnetic cores are not disposed about the return wire.

33. A connector for coupling a surgical handpiece including a three-phase motor to a power supply configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals having different phase angles, the connector comprising: first, second, and third conductive wires for communicating the first, second, and third motor drive signals to the surgical handpiece respectively; and a plurality of magnetic cores disposed relative to the first, second, and third conductive wires as set forth in any one of the preceding claims.

34. The connector of claim 33, comprising a return wire for being coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, the plurality of magnetic cores being disposed relative to the return wire as set forth in any one of claims 8-10, 16-18, and 24-26.

35. A surgical instrument comprising: a surgical handpiece comprising a three-phase motor; andthe connector of claim 27 or 28.

36. The surgical instrument of claim 35, wherein the connector is permanently coupled to the surgical handpiece, and, optionally, removably coupleable to the power supply.

37. A surgical system including: a surgical handpiece comprising a three-phase motor; first, second, and third conductive wires and a return wire; a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and the return wire, the power supply configured to generate a motor drive signal supplied to the surgical handpiece for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles; and a single magnetic core disposed about each of the first, second, and third conductive wires and the return wire so as to attenuate common mode current and differential mode current present in the motor drive signal.

38. A connector for coupling a surgical handpiece including a three-phase motor to a power supply configured to generate a motor drive signal for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals having different phase angles, the connector comprising:first, second, and third conductive wires for communicating the first, second, and third motor drive signals to the surgical handpiece respectively and a return wire for being coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece; and a single magnetic core disposed about each of the first, second, and third conductive wires and the return wire so as to attenuate common mode current and differential mode current present in the motor drive signal.

39. A surgical instrument comprising: a surgical handpiece comprising a three-phase motor; and the connector of claim 38.

40. The surgical instrument of claim 39, wherein the connector is permanently coupled to the surgical handpiece, and, optionally, removably coupleable to the power supply.

41. A method of assembling a combined common mode and differential choke for a surgical system, the surgical system including a surgical handpiece with a three-phase motor, first, second, and third conductive wires, and a power supply coupled to the surgical handpiece via the first, second, and third conductive wires and configured to generate a motor drive signal supplied to the surgical handpiece for driving the three-phase motor, the motor drive signal including first, second, and third motor drive signals supplied to the surgical handpiece over the first, second, and third conductive wires respectively, wherein the first, second, and third motor drive signals have different phase angles, the method comprising: winding the first, second, and third conductive wires about a plurality of magnetic coressuch that each of the plurality of magnetic cores is disposed about at least two of the first, second, and third conductive wires.

42. The method of claim 41, comprising: winding the first and second conductive wires and not the third conductive wire about a first of the plurality of magnetic cores; winding the second and third conductive wires and not the first conductive wire about a second of the plurality of magnetic cores; and winding the first and third conductive wires and not the second conductive wire about a third of the plurality of magnetic cores.

43. The method of any one of claims 41 and 42, comprising: winding the first and second conductive wires about the first of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and second conductive wires; winding the first and third conductive wires about the second of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the first and third conductive wires; and winding the second and third conductive wires about the third of the magnetic cores to each include an equivalent number of common mode windings to attenuate common mode current transmitted along the second and third conductive wires.

44. The method of any one of claims 41-43, comprising:winding the first conductive wire about the first of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the first conductive wire is wound about the first of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the second conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the first conductive wire; winding the second conductive wire about the third of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the second conductive wire is wound about the third of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the third conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the second conductive wire; and winding the third conductive wire about the second of the magnetic cores to include a number of differential mode windings such that the third conductive wire is wound about the second of the magnetic cores a greater number of times than the first conductive wire to attenuate differential mode current transmitted along the third conductive wire.

45. The method of any one of claims 42-44, comprising winding each of the first, second and third conductive wires about a fourth of the plurality of magnetic cores.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein the surgical system comprises a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, and comprising winding the return wire about the fourth magnetic core.

47. The method of claim 46, comprising winding the return wire about the fourth magnetic core and not any of the first, second, and third magnetic cores, or winding the return wire about each of the first, second, and third magnetic cores.

48. The method of any one of claims 41-47, wherein the surgical system comprises a return wire coupled between the power supply and the surgical handpiece, and comprising winding the first, second, and third conductive wires and not the return wire about the plurality of magnetic cores.

Images