Vortex-type rapid cooling condenser apparatus for nuclear power plant

Abstract

A vortex-type rapid cooling condenser apparatus for a nuclear power plant, comprising: a housing (1), a water inlet (2), and a water outlet (3). A cooled liquid is introduced into the water inlet (2), and a particle regulation module (4) is provided above the water inlet (2). A gas return flow structure (5) is provided inside the housing (1), and a gas return flow channel (6) is provided inside the gas return flow structure (5). A water vapor condensation channel (7) is provided between the housing (1) and the gas return flow structure (5), and a condensation plate (9) is provided inside the water vapor condensation channel (7). A turbofan (11) is provided at the bottom of the water vapor condensation channel (7) to circulate the gas inside the water vapor condensation channel (7). A truncated cone-shaped flow guide structure (16) is provided below the water vapor condensation channel (7). A hydrophobic frosted layer (20) is provided on a surface of the condensation plate (9).

Description

Eddy current nuclear power plant rapid cooling condensation device Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal energy conversion, in particular to a vortex-type rapid cooling and condensing device for a nuclear power plant. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear power plant heat dissipation equipment is a crucial component of the energy sector in today's modern society. Its primary task is to handle the massive amounts of heat generated by nuclear reactors, ensuring stable operation and effectively dissipating excess heat into the environment. First, the cooling tower is a key component of a nuclear power plant's heat dissipation system. Using the principle of water vapor condensation, cooling towers release the heat from the high-temperature water or steam into the atmosphere through air or water cooling. Their unique structural design dissipates heat through air or water flow, ensuring the nuclear reactor operates within a safe temperature range. Second, the cooling water circulation system is a key component of a nuclear power plant's heat dissipation. It is responsible for transferring heat generated within the nuclear reactor and dissipating it within the cooling tower. This system, comprising various pipes, pumps, and cooling equipment, circulates cooling water or coolant to dissipate excess heat. Heat exchangers play a crucial role in nuclear reactor systems. They control the temperature of the nuclear reactor and maintain a constant internal temperature by transferring heat. The design and operation of heat exchangers directly impact the stability and heat dissipation of the nuclear reactor. Furthermore, the coolant circulation system manages and controls the flow of coolant within the nuclear reactor through components such as pipes, pumps, and valves. The stable operation of this system ensures temperature control and efficient heat transfer within the reactor. The coordinated operation of these devices and systems is crucial to the safe operation of nuclear power plants. Through efficient heat dissipation equipment, nuclear energy is safely and efficiently converted into electricity, providing a stable and reliable energy supply for society.

[0003] The heat dissipation system of a nuclear power plant plays a vital role in environmental protection and reducing carbon emissions while ensuring a continuous supply of energy. Current condensing device technologies for gas cooling, such as a condenser cooling device proposed in Chinese patent CN217644085U, include a bracket on which a condenser is mounted, a spray system is provided on one side of the condenser, and a fan is placed on the bracket. The spray system consists of a water inlet pipe, a water pump, and a nozzle connected in sequence. The water inlet pipe is provided with a pressure relief device, and the nozzle is provided with multiple atomizing nozzles facing the condenser. These atomizing nozzles are used to spray water vapor onto the condenser. Through the setting of the spray system, this device sprays and cools the condenser under high outdoor temperature conditions, effectively increasing the condensation pressure of the unit condenser and reducing the temperature of the refrigerant after condensation. However, in the cooling process of power plants and nuclear power plants, the liquid formed after some high-temperature and high-pressure liquids are condensed and cooled usually retains a relatively high temperature. Moreover, this traditional condensation and cooling device is more suitable for gas cooling rather than liquid cooling, resulting in low efficiency in cooling liquids using the traditional condensation and cooling device. When faced with high-temperature cooling water equipment with a relatively fast output flow rate, it cannot even fully meet the cooling requirements. Moreover, it is not suitable for use in a nuclear power plant environment, which limits its application in power plants and nuclear power plants. Therefore, it is necessary to design a vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device that will not be affected by the state of the cooled object, can quickly and effectively cool and condense a large amount of high-pressure and high-temperature liquid cooling water or high-temperature and high-pressure steam gas, and at the same time, when used in nuclear power plants and other power plants, it has a high degree of sealing to avoid problems such as possible leakage of cooling water. Technical issues

[0004] (1) Technical problems solved: In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a vortex-type rapid cooling and condensing device for nuclear power plants, which is not affected by the state of the cooled object and can quickly and effectively cool and condense a large amount of high-pressure and high-temperature liquid cooling water or high-temperature and high-pressure steam gas. At the same time, when used in power plants such as nuclear power plants, it has the advantage of high sealing. It solves the problem that traditional cooling and condensing devices are more suitable for gas cooling rather than liquid cooling, resulting in low liquid cooling efficiency when using traditional condensing and cooling devices. When faced with high-temperature cooling water equipment with a fast output flow rate, it cannot even fully meet the cooling requirements, and is not suitable for use in a nuclear power plant environment, which limits its application in power plants and nuclear power plant fields. Technical Solutions

[0005] (II) Technical solution: In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of not being affected by the state of the cooled object, being able to quickly and effectively cool down and condense a large amount of high-pressure and high-temperature liquid cooling water or high-temperature and high-pressure steam gas, and at the same time having a high degree of sealing when used in power plants such as nuclear power plants, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device, comprising a shell, a water inlet, and a water outlet, wherein the water inlet is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the shell, the water outlet passes through the outer wall of the bottom of the shell, and the high-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid is introduced into the water inlet, and a particle adjustment module for adjusting the size of water vapor particles is arranged above the water inlet. The high-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid is sprayed on the particle adjustment module and dispersed into high-temperature water vapor. The particle adjustment module is fixedly connected to the top surface of the shell. A gas reflux structure is coaxially arranged in the shell. A gas reflux channel is arranged in the gas reflux structure. A water vapor condensation channel is arranged between the shell and the gas reflux structure. A reflux port connecting the water vapor condensation channel and the gas reflux channel is arranged at the connection position between the gas reflux structure and the shell. Two or more condensation plates are arranged in the water vapor condensation channel. Cooling holes are opened on the condensation plates, and low-temperature liquid is passed into the condensation plates.

[0006] Preferably, a turbofan for circulating the gas inside the water vapor condensation channel is provided at the bottom of the channel, a driving module for driving the vortex fan is provided on the outside of the vortex fan, and a sealed connection is adopted between the turbofan and the housing.

[0007] Preferably, a pressure shell is coaxially arranged outside the shell, and the pressure shell wraps the shell. A high-pressure closed chamber for passing high-pressure gas is arranged between the pressure shell and the shell. The pressure inside the high-pressure closed chamber is greater than the pressure inside the shell. A pressure measuring module for detecting pressure changes inside the high-pressure closed chamber is installed outside the pressure shell.

[0008] Preferably, a guide structure in the shape of a truncated cone is provided below the water vapor condensation channel, and a conical directional structure for causing high-temperature water vapor to move upward is further provided between the guide structure and the water inlet.

[0009] Preferably, a water storage tank for storing cooled water is provided below the guide structure, and a water outlet is connected to the bottom of the water storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, a water supply structure for guiding the cooled water to avoid being affected by the airflow in the shell is provided at the bottom of the condensation plate, and the other end of the water supply structure is connected to a flow guide structure.

[0011] Preferably, the condensation plate is installed at an angle, a hydrophobic frosted layer is provided on the surface of the condensation plate, and a heat dissipation module for reducing the temperature of cooling water in the condensation plate is also provided on the outer side of the condensation plate. Beneficial effects

[0012] (III) Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. The vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device uses a particle adjustment module in conjunction with a water inlet structure. Traditional cooling and condensing equipment can only directly cool the material passed into the device. If liquid is passed in, the cooling efficiency is low. Compared with this traditional equipment, the vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device can convert high-temperature and high-pressure liquid water into high-temperature water vapor again, and then cool it inside the shell. Since water vapor is in more complete contact with the condensation plate than liquid water, the cooling efficiency of the cooling and condensing device is improved.

[0014] 2. The vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device, through the coordinated use of a gas reflux structure, a gas reflux channel, a water vapor condensation channel, and a reflux port, is able to recycle and condense water vapor that has not completed cooling and condensation, compared to traditional technical structures that can only perform one-way cooling within the device. The cooling and condensing equipment can recycle and condense water vapor that has not been completely cooled and condensed. The water vapor that has not been completely cooled and condensed and the remaining gas re-enter the water vapor condensation channel through the gas reflux channel, forming a cycle. This circulation mechanism allows uncondensed water vapor to enter the water vapor condensation channel multiple times and be cooled and condensed again, eventually forming low-temperature water droplets, increasing the utilization rate of water vapor. At the same time, the gas reflux channel can promote gas flow within the shell and enhance the cooling efficiency of the water vapor condensation channel. This helps to improve the cooling effect within the water vapor condensation channel, optimize the circulation of gas within the device, and improve the working efficiency of the entire system.

[0015] 3. This vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device utilizes a condensing plate structure and a cooling hole structure. Compared to traditional technical structures, this cooling and condensing equipment utilizes multiple condensing plates and cooling holes combined with low-temperature liquid circulation, increasing the contact area between high-temperature water vapor and the condensing plates and improving the cooling efficiency of the condensing plates. This allows high-temperature water vapor to be quickly cooled and condensed into low-temperature water droplets, improving condensation efficiency.

[0016] 4. This vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device utilizes a vortex fan structure, a water vapor condensation channel, and a gas return channel. Compared to traditional technical structures, this cooling and condensing device generates vortices in the water vapor condensation channel and the gas return channel through the vortex fan, which promotes gas mixing and enhances diffusion. This mixing effect can change the unevenness of gas velocity, temperature, or composition, thereby promoting the exchange and mixing of substances. The vortex generated by the vortex fan can change the temperature distribution and material transfer rate of the fluid, which helps improve the efficiency of heat and mass transfer and enhances the heat and mass transfer process in the water vapor condensation channel and the gas return channel. The vortex generated by the vortex fan allows gases of different velocities, temperatures, or compositions to be more fully mixed, promoting the exchange and mixing of substances. This can improve the uniformity and stability of the various components in the fluid and optimize the heat and mass transfer process.

[0017] 5. This vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device utilizes a shell, pressure vessel, and high-pressure sealed chamber. Compared to traditional technical structures, this cooling and condensing device introduces a pressure vessel and a high-pressure sealed chamber to prevent the leakage of high-pressure gas inside the shell, thereby reducing safety risks. The internal pressure of the high-pressure sealed chamber is greater than that of the shell, ensuring the device's sealing and preventing safety issues caused by material leakage.

[0018] 6. This vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device, through the combined use of a flow-guiding structure and a directional structure, optimizes liquid flow compared to traditional technical structures. In particular, the truncated cone-shaped flow-guiding structure helps guide the liquid flow direction, improves the flow path, and potentially increases the efficiency of liquid movement within the channel. The conical directional structure guides the upward movement of high-temperature water vapor and changes the lateral flow to a vertical flow direction, accelerating the flow rate of gas within the device, increasing the gas circulation speed and optimizing the liquid flow path, potentially improving the condensation efficiency within the device. This helps to cool the high-temperature water vapor more quickly and promotes the process of water vapor condensing into low-temperature water droplets.

[0019] 7. The vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device uses a condensing plate structure and a frosted layer structure in combination. Compared with the traditional technical structure, the surface of the condensing plate of the cooling and condensing equipment is provided with a hydrophobic frosted layer, which helps to improve the water vapor condensation effect of the condensing plate. The microscopic concave-convex structure and surface defects of the frosted layer provide more efficiency for water vapor aggregation and water droplet formation, which helps to optimize the conversion process of water vapor to liquid water and enhance the condensation ability of the condensing plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a first embodiment of a vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device according to the present invention;

[0021] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device of the present invention;

[0022] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a second embodiment of the vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device of the present invention;

[0023] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of a third embodiment of the vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling and condensing device of the present invention;

[0024] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of the condensing plate structure of the vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling condensing device of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1-shell, 2-water inlet, 3-water outlet, 4-particle adjustment module, 5-gas reflux structure, 6-gas reflux channel, 7-water vapor condensation channel, 8-reflux port, 9-condensation plate, 10-cooling hole, 11-turbofan, 12-drive module, 13-pressure shell, 14-high-pressure closed chamber, 15-pressure measuring module, 16-flow guide structure, 17-directional structure, 18-water storage tank, 19-water supply structure, 20-frosted layer, 21-heat dissipation module. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figure 1-2, a vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling condensation device includes a shell 1, a water inlet 2, and a water outlet 3. The water inlet 2 is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and the water outlet 3 passes through the outer wall of the bottom of the shell 1. High-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid is introduced into the water inlet 2. The pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid is greater than the atmospheric pressure and lower than the critical temperature of 374 degrees. A particle adjustment module 4 for adjusting the size of water vapor particles is provided above the water inlet 2. Because the water inlet 2 introduces high-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid, when the high-temperature and high-pressure cooling liquid is ejected from the water inlet 2, it collides with the particle adjustment module 4 and is dispersed into high-temperature water vapor. At the same time, the high-temperature water vapor generated diffuses around the particle adjustment module 4 because the cooled liquid The boiling point of the cooling liquid is greater than that of the atmospheric pressure but it is in liquid state under high pressure. After the pressure is reduced inside the shell 1, the gasification of the cooled liquid is accelerated due to the pressure drop and impact atomization. The particle adjustment module 4 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the shell 1. The impact surface of the particle adjustment module 4 can be designed as a plane, a curved surface or the like with reference to the impact sprayer to adapt to different atomization range requirements. That is, the greater the incident angle of the impact surface of the particle adjustment module 4 relative to the water inlet 2 or the larger the impact surface area, the stronger the effect of the particle adjustment module 4 in dispersing the cooled liquid. A gas reflux structure 5 is coaxially arranged in the shell 1, a gas reflux channel 6 is arranged in the gas reflux structure 5, and a water vapor condensation is arranged between the shell 1 and the gas reflux structure 5. Channel 7, the connection position of the gas reflux structure 5 and the shell 1 is provided with a reflux port 8 connecting the water vapor condensation channel 7 and the gas reflux channel 6. The gas reflux channel 6 can promote the gas flow in the shell 1 and enhance the cooling efficiency of the water vapor condensation channel 7. Two or more condensation plates 9 are provided in the water vapor condensation channel 7. The condensation plate 9 is provided with a cooling hole 10. The cooling hole 10 can increase the contact area between the high-temperature water vapor and the condensation plate 9 and improve the cooling efficiency of the condensation plate 9. A low-temperature liquid is passed into the condensation plate 9. The low-temperature liquid can be water, cooling oil or other coolant with an input temperature below 100 degrees Celsius. Under normal circumstances, the air pressure inside the shell 1 is higher than the atmospheric pressure. Since the high-temperature water vapor has a higher temperature and a lower density , will flow upward, and when it flows to the water vapor condensation channel 7, the high-temperature water vapor will contact the low-temperature condensation plate 9, and the low-temperature condensation plate 9 will quickly cool the high-temperature water vapor, causing it to cool down and condense into low-temperature water droplets. The cooled water droplets flow along the outer wall of the shell 1 to the bottom water outlet 3 for discharge, and the remaining gas will flow along the water vapor condensation channel 7 from the reflux port 8 to the gas reflux channel 6, and enter the water vapor condensation channel 7 again from the position of the particle adjustment module 4 at the bottom of the gas reflux channel 6 to complete the circulation of the gas inside the device; among them, if there is still some water vapor in the gas that has not been cooled and condensed by the condensation plate 9, the water vapor at this time will re-enter the water vapor condensation channel 7 with the gas circulation to cool down and condense again until low-temperature water droplets are formed.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1. A turbofan 11 is provided at the bottom of the water vapor condensation channel 7 to circulate the gas inside it. A driving module 12 is provided on the outside of the vortex fan to drive its movement. A sealed connection is adopted between the turbofan 11 and the shell 1. The vortex fan can generate vortices in the water vapor condensation channel 7 and the gas reflux channel 6. The vortex promotes the mixing of gases and increases the diffusion effect. It can mix gases of different speeds, temperatures or compositions together, promote the exchange and mixing degree of substances, change the temperature distribution of the fluid and the transfer rate of substances, and improve the heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1 , a truncated cone-shaped flow guide structure 16 is located below the water vapor condensation channel 7. This structure guides the flow of liquid. A conical directional structure 17 is located between this structure and the water inlet 2, directing the upward movement of high-temperature water vapor. This directional structure redirects the horizontal flow of high-temperature water vapor generated by the particle conditioning module 4 into a vertical flow, increasing the gas circulation rate within the device and enhancing the cooling and condensation efficiency. Below this structure is a water tank 18 for storing cooled water, with the water outlet 3 connected to its bottom.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1 and 5 , the condenser plate 9 is mounted at an angle and has a hydrophobic frosted layer 20 on its surface. This surface roughness helps enhance the condensation efficiency of the condenser plate 9. The surface roughness of the frosted layer 20 increases the effective surface area, increasing the likelihood of condensation. Simultaneously, its high surface energy and microscopic heterogeneity provide more condensation nuclei for water vapor, promoting its conversion to liquid water. Furthermore, the frosted layer 20 provides more microscopic concave-convex structures and surface defects, increasing the potential for water vapor to aggregate and form droplets, thereby enhancing the condensation capacity of the condenser plate 9. This combination of properties enables the condenser plate 9 to more effectively convert water vapor in the gas into liquid water. A heat dissipation module 21 is also provided on the outside of the condenser plate 9 to reduce the temperature of the cooling water within the condenser plate 9.

[0031] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 2-3, the vortex type nuclear power plant rapid cooling condensation device includes a shell 1, a water inlet 2, and a water outlet 3. The water inlet 2 is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and the water outlet 3 passes through the outer wall of the bottom of the shell 1. The water inlet 2 is fed with a high-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid. A particle adjustment module 4 for adjusting the size of water vapor particles is arranged above the water inlet 2. Because the water inlet 2 is fed with a high-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid, when the high-temperature and high-pressure cooling liquid is ejected from the water inlet 2, it collides with the particle adjustment module 4 and is dispersed into high-pressure particles. The high-temperature water vapor generated at the same time diffuses to the surrounding of the particle adjustment module 4. The other end of the particle adjustment module 4 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the shell 1. A gas reflux structure 5 is coaxially arranged in the shell 1. A gas reflux channel 6 is arranged in the gas reflux structure 5. A water vapor condensation channel 7 is arranged between the shell 1 and the gas reflux structure 5. A reflux port 8 connecting the water vapor condensation channel 7 and the gas reflux channel 6 is arranged at the connection position of the gas reflux structure 5 and the shell 1. The gas reflux channel 6 can promote the flow of gas in the shell 1 and increase the In order to improve the cooling efficiency of the water vapor condensation channel 7, two or more condensation plates 9 are arranged in the water vapor condensation channel 7. The condensation plates 9 are provided with cooling holes 10. The cooling holes 10 can increase the contact area between the high-temperature water vapor and the condensation plates 9, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the condensation plates 9. A low-temperature liquid is introduced into the condensation plates 9. Since the high-temperature water vapor has a high temperature and a low density, it will flow upward. When it flows to the water vapor condensation channel 7, the high-temperature water vapor will contact the low-temperature condensation plate 9. The low-temperature condensation plate 9 will quickly cool the high-temperature water vapor and condense it into Low-temperature water droplets, the cooled water droplets flow along the outer wall of the shell 1 to the bottom water outlet 3 for discharge, and the remaining gas will flow along the water vapor condensation channel 7 from the reflux port 8 to the gas reflux channel 6, and re-enter the water vapor condensation channel 7 from the particle adjustment module 4 at the bottom of the gas reflux channel 6 to complete the circulation of the gas inside the device; among them, if there is still some water vapor in the gas that has not been cooled and condensed by the condensation plate 9, the water vapor at this time will re-enter the water vapor condensation channel 7 with the gas circulation to be cooled and condensed again until low-temperature water droplets are formed.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 3. A turbofan 11 is provided at the bottom of the water vapor condensation channel 7 to circulate the gas inside it. A driving module 12 is provided on the outside of the vortex fan to drive its movement. A sealed connection is adopted between the turbofan 11 and the shell 1. The vortex fan can generate vortices in the water vapor condensation channel 7 and the gas reflux channel 6. The vortex promotes the mixing of gases and increases the diffusion effect. It can mix gases of different speeds, temperatures or compositions together, promote the exchange and mixing degree of substances, change the temperature distribution of the fluid and the transfer rate of substances, and improve the heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency.

[0033] Referring to Figure 3 , a truncated cone-shaped flow guide structure 16 is located below the water vapor condensation channel 7. This structure guides the flow of liquid. A conical directional structure 17 is located between this structure and the water inlet 2, directing the high-temperature water vapor upward. This directional structure redirects the horizontal flow of high-temperature water vapor generated by the particle conditioning module 4 into a vertical flow, increasing the gas circulation rate within the device and enhancing the cooling and condensation efficiency. Below this structure is a water tank 18 for storing cooled water, with the water outlet 3 connected to its bottom.

[0034] Please refer to FIG. 3 . A water supply structure 19 is provided at the bottom of the condensation plate 9 to guide the cooled water to avoid being affected by the airflow in the shell 1 . The other end of the water supply structure 19 is connected to the flow guide structure 16 .

[0035] Referring to Figures 3 and 5 , the condenser plate 9 is mounted at an angle and has a hydrophobic frosted layer 20 on its surface. This surface roughness helps enhance the condensation efficiency of the condenser plate 9. The surface roughness of the frosted layer 20 increases the effective surface area, increasing the likelihood of condensation. Simultaneously, its high surface energy and microscopic heterogeneity provide more condensation nuclei for water vapor, promoting its conversion to liquid water. Furthermore, the frosted layer 20 provides more microscopic concave-convex structures and surface defects, increasing the potential for water vapor to aggregate and form droplets, thereby enhancing the condensation capacity of the condenser plate 9. This combination of properties enables the condenser plate 9 to more effectively convert water vapor in the gas into liquid water. A heat dissipation module 21 is also provided on the outside of the condenser plate 9 to reduce the temperature of the cooling water within the condenser plate 9.

[0036] Example 3: Please refer to Figures 2 and 4. The vortex-type nuclear power plant rapid cooling condensation device includes a shell 1, a water inlet 2, and a water outlet 3. The water inlet 2 is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and the water outlet 3 passes through the outer wall of the bottom of the shell 1. The water inlet 2 is fed with a high-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid. A particle adjustment module 4 for adjusting the size of water vapor particles is arranged above the water inlet 2. Because the water inlet 2 is fed with a high-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid, when the high-temperature and high-pressure cooling liquid is ejected from the water inlet 2, it collides with the particle adjustment module 4 and is dispersed into high-pressure particles. The high-temperature water vapor generated at the same time diffuses to the surrounding of the particle adjustment module 4. The other end of the particle adjustment module 4 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the shell 1. A gas reflux structure 5 is coaxially arranged in the shell 1. A gas reflux channel 6 is arranged in the gas reflux structure 5. A water vapor condensation channel 7 is arranged between the shell 1 and the gas reflux structure 5. A reflux port 8 connecting the water vapor condensation channel 7 and the gas reflux channel 6 is arranged at the connection position of the gas reflux structure 5 and the shell 1. The gas reflux channel 6 can promote the flow of gas in the shell 1 and increase the In order to improve the cooling efficiency of the water vapor condensation channel 7, two or more condensation plates 9 are arranged in the water vapor condensation channel 7. The condensation plates 9 are provided with cooling holes 10. The cooling holes 10 can increase the contact area between the high-temperature water vapor and the condensation plates 9, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the condensation plates 9. A low-temperature liquid is introduced into the condensation plates 9. Since the high-temperature water vapor has a high temperature and a low density, it will flow upward. When it flows to the water vapor condensation channel 7, the high-temperature water vapor will contact the low-temperature condensation plate 9. The low-temperature condensation plate 9 will quickly cool the high-temperature water vapor and condense it into Low-temperature water droplets, the cooled water droplets flow along the outer wall of the shell 1 to the bottom water outlet 3 for discharge, and the remaining gas will flow along the water vapor condensation channel 7 from the reflux port 8 to the gas reflux channel 6, and re-enter the water vapor condensation channel 7 from the particle adjustment module 4 at the bottom of the gas reflux channel 6 to complete the circulation of the gas inside the device; among them, if there is still some water vapor in the gas that has not been cooled and condensed by the condensation plate 9, the water vapor at this time will re-enter the water vapor condensation channel 7 with the gas circulation to be cooled and condensed again until low-temperature water droplets are formed.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 4. A turbofan 11 is provided at the bottom of the water vapor condensation channel 7 to circulate the gas inside it. A driving module 12 is provided on the outside of the vortex fan to drive its movement. The turbofan 11 and the shell 1 are sealed. The vortex fan can generate vortices in the water vapor condensation channel 7 and the gas reflux channel 6. The vortex promotes the mixing of gases and increases the diffusion effect. It can mix gases of different speeds, temperatures or compositions together, promote the exchange and mixing degree of substances, change the temperature distribution of the fluid and the transfer rate of substances, and improve the heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 4. A pressure shell 13 is coaxially arranged outside the shell 1. The pressure shell 13 wraps the shell 1. A high-pressure sealed chamber 14 for passing high-pressure gas is provided between the pressure shell 13 and the shell 1. The high-pressure gas can be an inert gas. The pressure in the high-pressure sealed chamber 14 is greater than the pressure in the shell 1. The gas in the high-pressure sealed chamber 14 can prevent the leakage of substances in the shell 1 and reduce safety hazards. A pressure measuring module 15 for detecting pressure changes inside the high-pressure sealed chamber 14 is installed outside the pressure shell 13. When the pressure measuring module 15 detects a change in the pressure value in the high-pressure sealed chamber 14, it can immediately remind maintenance personnel to inspect and maintain the device to avoid safety problems.

[0039] Referring to Figure 4 , a truncated cone-shaped flow guide structure 16 is located below the water vapor condensation channel 7. This structure guides the flow of liquid. A conical directional structure 17 is located between this structure and the water inlet 2, directing the high-temperature water vapor upward. This directional structure redirects the horizontal flow of high-temperature water vapor generated by the particle conditioning module 4 into a vertical flow, increasing the gas circulation rate within the device and enhancing the cooling and condensation efficiency. Below this structure is a water tank 18 for storing cooled water, with the water outlet 3 connected to its bottom.

[0040] Please refer to FIG. 4 . A water supply structure 19 is provided at the bottom of the condensation plate 9 to guide the cooled water to avoid being affected by the airflow in the shell 1 . The other end of the water supply structure 19 is connected to the flow guide structure 16 .

[0041] Referring to Figures 4 and 5 , the condenser plate 9 is mounted at an angle and has a hydrophobic frosted layer 20 on its surface. This surface roughness helps enhance the condensation efficiency of the condenser plate 9. The surface roughness of the frosted layer 20 increases the effective surface area, increasing the likelihood of condensation. Simultaneously, its high surface energy and microscopic heterogeneity provide more condensation nuclei for water vapor, promoting its conversion to liquid water. Furthermore, the frosted layer 20 provides more microscopic concave-convex structures and surface defects, increasing the potential for water vapor to aggregate and form droplets, thereby enhancing the condensation capacity of the condenser plate 9. This combination of properties enables the condenser plate 9 to more effectively convert water vapor in the gas into liquid water. A heat dissipation module 21 is also provided on the outside of the condenser plate 9 to reduce the temperature of the cooling water within the condenser plate 9.

[0042] Working principle: High-temperature and high-pressure cooled liquid is introduced into the water inlet 2. When the high-temperature and high-pressure cooling liquid is ejected from the water inlet 2, the liquid collides with the particle adjustment module 4 and is dispersed into high-temperature water vapor. At the same time, the high-temperature water vapor generated diffuses around the particle adjustment module 4. Since the high-temperature water vapor has a high temperature and low density, it will flow upward. When the high-temperature water vapor flows to the water vapor condensation channel 7, the high-temperature water vapor will contact the low-temperature condensation plate 9. The low-temperature condensation plate 9 will quickly cool the high-temperature water vapor, causing it to cool down and condense into low-temperature water droplets. The cooled water droplets flow along the outer wall of the shell 1 to the bottom water outlet 3 for discharge. The remaining gas will flow along the water vapor condensation channel 7 from the reflux port 8 to the gas reflux channel 6, and enter the water vapor condensation channel 7 again from the particle adjustment module 4 position at the bottom of the gas reflux channel 6 to complete the circulation of the gas inside the device; among them, if there is still some water vapor in the gas that has not been cooled and condensed by the condensation plate 9, the water vapor at this time will re-enter the water vapor condensation channel 7 with the gas circulation and cool and condense again until low-temperature water droplets are formed.

[0043] The vortex fan can generate vortices in the water vapor condensation channel 7 and the gas reflux channel 6. The vortex promotes the mixing of gases and increases the diffusion effect. It can mix gases of different speeds, temperatures or components together, promote the exchange and mixing degree of substances, change the temperature distribution of the fluid and the transfer rate of substances, and improve the heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency.

[0044] The frosted layer 20 of the condensation plate 9 increases its effective surface area, improving the efficiency of water vapor condensation. Simultaneously, its high surface energy and microscopic heterogeneity provide more condensation nuclei for water vapor, promoting its conversion to liquid water. Furthermore, the frosted layer 20 provides more tiny concave-convex structures and surface defects, increasing the possibility of water vapor aggregation and droplet formation, thereby enhancing the condensation capacity of the condensation plate 9. This combination of properties enables the condensation plate 9 to more effectively convert water vapor in the gas into liquid water.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0046] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Eddy current type rapid cooling and condensation device for nuclear power plants, comprising a housing (1), a water inlet (2), and a water outlet (3). The water inlet (2) is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the housing (1), and the water outlet (3) penetrates through the outer wall of the bottom of the housing (1). It is characterized in that: The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid to be cooled is introduced into the water inlet (2). Above the water inlet (2), there is a particle adjustment module (4) for adjusting the size of water vapor particles. The particle adjustment module (4) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the top end face of the housing (1). The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid to be cooled is sprayed onto the particle adjustment module (4) and dispersed into high-temperature water vapor. Inside the housing (1), there is a gas reflux structure (5) arranged coaxially. Inside the gas reflux structure (5), there is a gas reflux channel (6). Between the housing (1) and the gas reflux structure (5), there is a water vapor condensation channel (7). At the connection position between the gas reflux structure (5) and the housing (1), there is a reflux port (8) connecting the water vapor condensation channel (7) and the gas reflux channel (6). Inside the water vapor condensation channel (7), there are two or more condensation plates (9). Cooling holes (10) are formed in the condensation plates (9), and low-temperature liquid is introduced into the condensation plates (9).

2. The eddy current type rapid cooling and condensation device for nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the bottom of the water vapor condensation channel (7), there is a turbine fan (11) for circulating the gas inside it. Outside the eddy current fan, there is a driving module (12) for driving its movement. The turbine fan (11) is hermetically connected to the housing (1).

3. The eddy current type rapid cooling and condensation device for nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: Outside the housing (1), there is also a pressure shell (13) arranged coaxially. The pressure shell (13) wraps the housing (1). Between the pressure shell (13) and the housing (1), there is a high-pressure sealed cavity (14) into which high-pressure gas is introduced. The pressure inside the high-pressure sealed cavity (14) is greater than the pressure inside the housing (1). Outside the pressure shell (13), there is a pressure measurement module (15) for detecting the change in the internal pressure of the high-pressure sealed cavity (14).

4. The eddy current type rapid cooling and condensation device for nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the water vapor condensation channel (7), there is a diversion structure (16) in the shape of a frustum of a cone. Between the diversion structure (16) and the water inlet (2), there is also a conical orientation structure (17) for making the high-temperature water vapor move upward.

5. The eddy current type rapid cooling and condensation device for nuclear power plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: Below the diversion structure (16), there is a water storage tank (18) for storing the cooled water. The bottom of the water storage tank (18) is connected to the water outlet (3).

6. The eddy current type rapid cooling and condensation device for nuclear power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the bottom of the condensation plate (9), there is a water conveyance structure (19). The other end of the water conveyance structure (19) is connected to the diversion structure (16).

7. The eddy current type rapid cooling and condensation device for nuclear power plants according to claim 1, wherein: The condensation plate (9) is installed obliquely, a hydrophobic frosted layer (20) is provided on the surface of the condensation plate (9), and a heat dissipation module (21) for reducing the temperature of the cooling water in the condensation plate (9) is further provided outside the condensation plate (9).

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