Bearing wall, building having bearing wall, and method for restoring bearing wall

Abstract

A bearing wall (7) comprises: a skeleton (2); a bearing panel (10) that is fixed to the skeleton (2); a coupling member (40) that is disposed between a portion of the skeleton (2) and the bearing panel (10) and couples the skeleton (2) and the bearing panel (10); and a cover member (70) that is disposed between a portion of the skeleton (2) and the bearing panel (10) and covers the coupling member (40).

Description

Shear wall, building equipped with shear wall, and method for repairing shear wall

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a bearing wall, a building including a bearing wall, and a method for repairing a bearing wall.

[0002] A building having a bearing wall is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the building described in Patent Document 1, the bearing wall has a bearing panel (referred to as a wooden wall in the document). The bearing panel is fixed to a beam via metal fittings.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2023-132241

[0004] The bearing panels may be constructed to be strong. Therefore, in the event of an earthquake damaging the building, it is possible that the bearing panels will not be damaged and only the metal fittings will be deformed. Therefore, we provide a new bearing wall, building, and method for repairing a bearing wall that is easy to repair.

[0005] (1) A shear wall that solves the above problem comprises a shear panel fixed to a main body, a connecting member that is arranged between a part of the main body and the shear panel and connects the main body and the shear panel, and a cover member that is arranged between a part of the main body and the shear panel and covers the connecting member.

[0006] According to this configuration, the connecting member or the insulating material covering the connecting member can be exposed by removing the cover member, which makes it easy to replace the connecting member and repair the bearing wall.

[0007] (2) In the load-bearing wall of (1) above, a gap is provided between the cover end of the cover member and the panel end of the load-bearing panel.

[0008] With this configuration, when the load-bearing panel sways in a direction along the load-bearing wall due to shaking of the building caused by an earthquake or the like, interference between the load-bearing wall and the cover member can be suppressed. This can prevent damage to the cover member when the load-bearing wall sways. Also, it can prevent damage to other members through the cover member.

[0009] (3) In the shear wall described in (2) above, the cover end has a cover step, and the panel end has a panel step, and the cover step engages with the panel step of the shear panel through a gap. With this configuration, the cover step and the panel step engage with each other, so that the inside of the shear wall can be prevented from being seen through the gap between the shear panel and the cover member.

[0010] (4) In the bearing wall according to any one of (1) to (3), the outer cover surface of the cover member is flush with the first panel wall surface of the bearing panel. This configuration improves the design of the lower part of the bearing wall indoors.

[0011] (5) In the shear wall described in any one of (1) to (4) above, the shear panel is disposed on a first cross member that is part of the skeleton, and the cover member is disposed between the shear panel and the floor as a baseboard. With this configuration, the connecting member is covered by the cover member that serves as the baseboard. This allows the shear wall to be configured with a baseboard.

[0012] (6) In the bearing wall described in any one of (1) to (5) above, the bearing panel is disposed under a second cross member as part of the skeleton, and the cover member is disposed between the bearing panel and the ceiling as a molding. With this configuration, the connecting member is covered by the cover member as a molding. This allows the bearing wall to be configured with a molding.

[0013] (7) In the shear wall described in any one of (1) to (6) above, the connecting member has an expandable portion. With this configuration, when the shear panel sways in a direction along the shear wall due to the shaking of the building caused by an earthquake, the expansion and contraction of the connecting member can suppress the shaking of the shear panel. Also, contact of the shear panel with the building frame can be suppressed.

[0014] (8) In the shear wall described in any one of (1) to (7) above, an elastic insulating material is disposed on the cover end portion of the cover member opposite the cover step portion. This configuration improves the insulation of the lower portion of the shear wall and allows the cover member to sway or move when the shear panel and cover member sway in a direction along the shear wall as the building sways due to an earthquake. This reduces damage to the cover member.

[0015] (9) In the shear wall described in any one of (1) to (8) above, the shear panel includes a shear panel main body and a panel joint portion provided on the shear panel main body. The panel joint portion includes a panel insertion portion that passes through a slit in the shear panel and a panel mounting portion that is exposed from the shear panel and to which the connecting member is attached. The panel insertion portion is fixed to the shear panel main body by a drift pin and a bolt that are perpendicular to the panel insertion portion. The shear panel main body has a recess that accommodates the bolt head or a nut that engages with the bolt, and the recess is closed with a plug. With this configuration, the shear panel and the panel joint portion can be firmly fixed together by the drift pin and the bolt. Furthermore, because the recess in the shear panel is closed with a plug, the appearance of the shear panel can be improved.

[0016] (10) A building that solves the problem includes a bearing wall according to any one of (1) to (9) above. With this configuration, the connecting member or the insulating material covering the connecting member can be exposed by removing the cover member. This makes it easy to replace the connecting member. This also makes it easy to repair the building.

[0017] (11) A method for repairing a bearing wall that solves the problems in a building equipped with the bearing wall described in any one of (1) to (9) above includes a first step of removing the cover member, a second step of replacing the connecting member with a new connecting member while the bearing panel is supported, and a third step of covering the new connecting member with a new cover member. With this configuration, when repairing the bearing wall, the bearing wall can be easily repaired while leaving the bearing panel in place.

[0018] According to the load-bearing wall, building, and load-bearing wall repair method disclosed herein, load-bearing walls can be easily repaired.

[0019] FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building. FIG. 4 is a view of a room having a bearing wall. FIG. 5 is a front view of the bearing wall with the cover member removed. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 3. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the lower part of the bearing wall. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the upper part of the bearing wall. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a first member of a connecting member. FIG. 10 is a view explaining support for a bearing panel in repairing a bearing wall. FIG. 11 is a side view of another example of a connecting structure between a connecting member and a cross member.

[0020] <Embodiment> A building 1, a bearing wall 7, and a repair method for the bearing wall 7 will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 8. As shown in Figure 1, the building 1 comprises a skeleton 2. The building 1 has an interior wall 3 and an exterior wall 4. In this embodiment, the skeleton 2 includes cross members 5, columns 6, and a foundation 2A. The building 1 comprises a bearing wall 7. In this embodiment, the bearing wall 7 constitutes the interior wall 3. The bearing wall 7 may also constitute the exterior wall 4.

[0021] 1 and 2, the bearing wall 7 includes a bearing panel 10 fixed to the skeleton 2, a connecting member 40, and a cover member 70. Examples of the cross members 5 include beams and girders. The cross members 5 are made of wood or steel. In this embodiment, the cross members 5 are made of wood. The bearing wall 7 may further include a fire-resistant board 45 (see FIG. 5).

[0022] FIG. 2 shows an example of a room R in which a bearing wall 7 is provided. In this example, the bearing wall 7 is provided so that the first panel wall surface 10A of the bearing panel 10 is exposed to the room. The first panel wall surface 10A is made of wood. Wood-grain materials are used for the baseboard 70A and the molding 70B. The room is partially or entirely furnished with a wood-grain design.

[0023] [Shear Panel] As shown in Fig. 3 , the shear panel 10 is disposed between two cross members 5 in the vertical direction. The shear panel 10 may be disposed between the cross member 5 and the foundation 2A. In this embodiment, the shear panel 10 is disposed on the first cross member 5A as part of the skeleton 2. The shear panel 10 is disposed below the second cross member 5B as part of the skeleton 2.

[0024] The load-bearing panel 10 has a first panel wall surface 10A and a second panel wall surface 10B opposite the first panel wall surface 10A. In one example, when the load-bearing panel 10 is made of wood, the load-bearing panel 10 is arranged in the building 1 so that the first panel wall surface 10A is exposed to the interior. A fire-resistant board 45 is attached to the second panel wall surface 10B (see FIG. 5 ). The fire-resistant board 45 is configured to cover the entire surface of the second panel wall surface 10B and to cover the connecting members 40 at the top and bottom of the load-bearing panel 10. By providing such a fire-resistant board 45 on one surface of the load-bearing panel 10, the fire resistance of the load-bearing wall 7 is improved.

[0025] The load-bearing panel 10 has a load-bearing panel main body 11 and panel joints 27. The load-bearing panel 10 has four panel joints 27. The panel joints 27 are provided on the load-bearing panel main body 11.

[0026] The load-bearing panel body 11 is made of plywood in which multiple components are laminated. Examples of components that make up the load-bearing panel body 11 include wooden boards, laminated boards, resin plates, and inorganic materials. In one example, the load-bearing panel body 11 is made of a laminate of wooden boards and resin plates. In another example, the load-bearing panel body 11 is made of cross-laminated timber. In yet another example, the load-bearing panel body 11 includes an inorganic material.

[0027] As shown in Figure 3, the load-bearing panel body 11 is rectangular in front view. A panel joint 27 is provided at each of the four corners 12 of the load-bearing panel body 11. A slit 13 for fixing the panel joint 27 is provided at each of the four corners 12 of the load-bearing panel body 11. The slits 13 extend from the end surface 10D of the load-bearing panel 10 and extend parallel to the first panel wall surface 10A of the load-bearing panel 10.

[0028] 4, the panel connecting portion 27 has a panel insertion portion 28 that is inserted into the slit 13 of the load-bearing panel 10, and a panel mounting portion 29. The panel connecting portion 27 is made of a metal plate.

[0029] 5, the panel insertion portion 28 is fixed to the load-bearing panel main body 11 by a drift pin 16 and a bolt 17 that are perpendicular to the panel insertion portion 28. The panel mounting portion 29 is exposed from the load-bearing panel 10. The panel mounting portion 29 protrudes from the end surface 10D of the load-bearing panel 10. The panel mounting portion 29 is configured to allow a connecting member 40 to be attached.

[0030] 5, the load-bearing panel body 11 has drift pin insertion holes 14 and bolt insertion holes 15. The load-bearing panel body 11 also has recesses 19. These will be described in detail below.

[0031] As shown in Figure 5, in the portion of the load-bearing panel main body 11 where the slit 13 is provided, a drift pin insertion hole 14 extending in the width direction DX of the load-bearing panel 10 and a bolt insertion hole 15 are provided. Recesses 19 are provided on both ends of the bolt insertion hole 15. The recesses 19 are configured to accommodate the bolt head 17A of the bolt 17 or a nut 18 that engages with the bolt 17. The recesses 19 are provided on both sides of the load-bearing panel main body 11. In the load-bearing panel main body 11, the recess 19 on the surface that constitutes the first panel wall surface 10A is closed by a plug 19A inserted into the recess 19. This hides the nut 18 or bolt head 17A in the recess 19 so that it cannot be seen from the outside.

[0032] The load-bearing panel 10 has a panel end 20. The load-bearing panel 10 has, as the panel end 20, a panel upper end 21 at the top of the load-bearing panel 10 and a panel lower end 22 at the bottom of the load-bearing panel 10. The panel upper end 21 and the panel lower end 22 have a common structure.

[0033] As shown in Figure 5, the panel end portion 20 has a panel groove 23 having a panel groove bottom surface 23A, and a panel step 24. The panel groove 23 extends along the edge 10E of the end surface 10D of the strength panel 10. The panel step 24 is formed by providing the panel groove 23 in the end surface 10D of the strength panel 10. The panel step 24 is provided on the strength panel 10 closer to the first panel wall surface 10A than the panel groove 23.

[0034] [Mounting hardware] A mounting hardware 30 for fixing the load-bearing panel 10 is attached to the cross member 5. The mounting hardware 30 has a base 31 and a plate-shaped mounting portion 32 protruding from the base 31. The base 31 of the mounting hardware 30 is fixed to the cross member 5 by a fastening member 80. The mounting portion 32 is configured to fix the connecting member 40. Specifically, the mounting portion 32 is provided with a mounting hole 33 through which the fastening member 80 is inserted.

[0035] [Connecting Member] The connecting member will be described with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 . As shown in Fig. 5 , the connecting member 40 is disposed between a part of the skeleton 2 and the load-bearing panel 10. The connecting member 40 connects the skeleton 2 and the load-bearing panel 10. In this embodiment, the connecting member 40 is disposed between a cross member 5 as part of the skeleton 2 and the load-bearing panel 10. The connecting member 40 connects the cross member 5 and the load-bearing panel 10.

[0036] The connecting member 40 has an expandable portion 41. The expandable portion 41 is a portion that expands and contracts due to a force applied to the connecting member 40. The connecting member 40 further includes two connecting portions 42. The expandable portion 41 is provided between the two connecting portions 42. The expandable portion 41 has a structure that expands and contracts the distance between the two connecting portions 42. As the expandable portion 41 deforms, the connecting member 40 contracts to reduce the distance between the two connecting portions 42, or expands to increase the distance between the two connecting portions 42.

[0037] The expandable portion 41 of the connecting member 40 includes a first curved portion 51 and a second curved portion 61. The first curved portion 51 curves to protrude in a first direction D1, which is one side of the width direction DX of the bearing wall 7. The second curved portion 61 curves to protrude in a second direction D2 opposite to the first direction D1. The connecting member 40 is configured to be attachable to and detachable from the mounting hardware 30 and the bearing panel 10 by fastening members 80. Examples of the fastening members 80 are bolts and nuts.

[0038] Below, a specific example of the coupling member 40 will be described. The coupling member 40 includes a first member 50 and a second member 60. The second member 60 may have the same structure as the first member 50, or may have a different structure from the first member 50. In this embodiment, the second member 60 has the same structure as the first member 50.

[0039] The first member 50 and the second member 60 are made of metal plates. The first member 50 and the second member 60 are made of, for example, steel. Preferably, the first member 50 and the second member 60 are made of low yield point steel. The thickness of the first member 50 and the second member 60 is 3 mm or more and 20 mm or less. In one example, the thickness of the first member 50 and the second member 60 is 5 mm or more and 10 mm or less.

[0040] The first member 50 will be described with reference to Figures 5 and 7. The first member 50 includes a first curved portion 51. Specifically, the first member 50 has the first curved portion 51, a first connecting portion 52, and a second connecting portion 53. The first curved portion 51 is provided between the first connecting portion 52 and the second connecting portion 53. The first curved portion 51 is configured as follows.

[0041] The first curved portion 51 has a first bent portion 55 to a fourth bent portion 58. The first curved portion 51 extends from the lower end of the first connecting portion 52 via the first bent portion 55 so as to move away from the first connecting portion 52, and further extends downward via a second bent portion 56 at its end. Then, at its end extending downward from the second bent portion 56, it extends toward the second connecting portion 53 via a third bent portion 57 and is connected to the second connecting portion 53 via a fourth bent portion 58. The first connecting portion 52 and the second connecting portion 53 are provided with through holes 59 through which fastening members 80 are inserted.

[0042] The second member 60 will be described with reference to Figure 5. The second member 60 is structurally the same as the first member 50. The second member 60 includes a second curved portion 61. Specifically, the second member 60 has the second curved portion 61, a third connecting portion 62, and a fourth connecting portion 63. The second curved portion 61 is provided between the third connecting portion 62 and the fourth connecting portion 63. The second curved portion 61 is configured as follows.

[0043] The second curved portion 61 has a fifth bent portion 65 to an eighth bent portion 68. The second curved portion 61 extends from the lower end of the third connecting portion 62 via the fifth bent portion 65 so as to move away from the third connecting portion 62, and further extends downward via a sixth bent portion 66 at its end. Then, at its end extending downward from the sixth bent portion 66, it extends toward the fourth connecting portion 63 via a seventh bent portion 67 and is connected to the fourth connecting portion 63 via an eighth bent portion 68. The third connecting portion 62 and the fourth connecting portion 63 are provided with through holes 69 through which fastening members 80 are inserted.

[0044] The first connecting portion 52 of the first member 50 and the third connecting portion 62 of the second member 60 constitute one of the two connecting portions 42. The first connecting portion 52 of the first member 50 and the third connecting portion 62 of the second member 60 are joined to each other by fastening members 80 with the panel connecting portion 27 of the load-bearing panel 10 sandwiched between them.

[0045] The second connecting portion 53 of the first member 50 and the fourth connecting portion 63 of the second member 60 constitute the other connecting portion 42 of the two connecting portions 42. The second connecting portion 53 of the first member 50 and the fourth connecting portion 63 of the second member 60 are connected to each other by a fastening member 80 with the mounting portion 32 of the mounting hardware 30 sandwiched between them.

[0046] [Cover Member] The cover member 70 is made of wood, a resin plate, or a metal plate. The cover member 70 may be made of a composite material of wood, a resin plate, and a metal plate.

[0047] 5 , the cover member 70 covers the connecting member 40. The cover member 70 is arranged in the vertical direction between a part of the skeleton 2 and the load-bearing panel 10. In this embodiment, the cover member 70 is arranged in the vertical direction between the cross member 5, which is part of the skeleton 2, and the load-bearing panel 10. The cover member 70 is arranged so that the cover outer surface 70S of the cover member 70 faces the same direction as the first panel wall surface 10A of the load-bearing panel 10. In this embodiment, the cover member 70 is arranged so that the cover outer surface 70S of the cover member 70 is flush with the first panel wall surface 10A of the load-bearing panel 10.

[0048] 5, the cover member 70 is configured as, for example, a baseboard 70A that is placed at the bottom of the bearing wall 7. The cover member 70 serving as the baseboard 70A is placed between the bearing panel 10 and the floor 8 in the vertical direction (see FIG. 5). In this embodiment, the lower end of the cover member 70 extends below the surface of the floor 8.

[0049] As shown in Fig. 6, the other cover member 70 is configured, for example, as a molding 70B disposed on the upper part of the bearing wall 7. The cover member 70 as the molding 70B is disposed between the bearing panel 10 and the ceiling 9 in the vertical direction. The cover member 70 as the molding 70B is similar in structure to the cover member 70 as the baseboard 70A. The cover member 70 will be described below using the baseboard 70A as an example.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 5 , the cover member 70 has a cover end 71 on the load-bearing panel 10 side. The cover end 71 has a cover step 72. Specifically, the cover end 71 includes a cover end surface 70C and a cover step 72 extending upward from the cover end surface 70C. The cover step 72 engages with the panel step 24 via a gap S. Specifically, a step end surface 72A of the cover step 72 of the cover member 70 faces the panel groove bottom surface 23A of the load-bearing panel 10. The cover end surface 70C of the cover member 70 faces the panel step end surface 24A of the panel step 24. The cover step 72 overlaps with the panel step 24 in the width direction DX of the load-bearing wall 7.

[0051] The cover step portion 72 may be arranged on the indoor side of the panel step portion 24. The panel step portion 24 may be arranged on the indoor side of the cover step portion 72. In this embodiment, the panel step portion 24 may be arranged on the indoor side of the cover step portion 72.

[0052] A gap S is provided between the cover end 71 of the cover member 70 and the panel end 20 of the load-bearing panel 10. Specifically, a first gap SA is provided between the step end surface 72A of the cover step 72 of the cover member 70 and the panel groove bottom surface 23A of the load-bearing panel 10. A second gap SB is provided between the cover end surface 70C of the cover member 70 and the panel step end surface 24A of the panel step 24.

[0053] The cover member 70 is fixed to an L-shaped metal fitting 87 attached to the end of the load-bearing panel 10 by a fixing member 83. Examples of the fixing member 83 are nails or screws. The fixing member 83 passes through the cover step portion 72 of the cover member 70 and the L-shaped metal fitting 87.

[0054] [Arrangement of Cover Member and Surrounding Structure of Cover Member] An elastic heat insulating material 86 is arranged on the cover end portion 73 of the cover member 70 opposite the cover step portion 72 .

[0055] In the width direction DX, a heat insulating material 85 is disposed between the cover member 70 serving as the baseboard 70A and the connecting member 40. Specifically, an elastic heat insulating material 86 is disposed below the cover member 70 serving as the baseboard 70A.

[0056] A heat insulating material 85 is disposed between the cover member 70 serving as the circumferential edge 70B and the connecting member 40 in the width direction DX. Specifically, an elastic heat insulating material 86 is disposed on the cover member 70 serving as the circumferential edge 70B.

[0057] [Method for repairing a shear wall] A method for repairing a shear wall 7 will be described. The method for repairing a shear wall 7 is a method for repairing a shear wall 7 having the above structure. The shear wall 7 is repaired in the following cases: When an earthquake occurs and the connecting members 40 of the shear wall 7 are buckled by the earthquake, but the shear panels 10 are not substantially damaged, the shear wall 7 is repaired by the following method for repairing a shear wall 7.

[0058] The method for repairing the bearing wall 7 includes a first step, a second step, and a third step. In the first step, the cover member 70 is removed from the bearing wall 7. By removing the cover member 70, the connecting member 40 is exposed.

[0059] In the second step, the connecting member 40 is replaced with a new connecting member 40 while the load-bearing panel 10 is supported.

[0060] As shown in Figure 8, the load-bearing panel 10 is supported by a jack 90 (see Figure 8). Then, the fastening members 80 are loosened to remove the connecting members 40 from the load-bearing panel 10. Then, a new connecting member 40 is used to connect the cross member 5 and the load-bearing panel 10.

[0061] In the third step, the new connecting member 40 is covered with the new cover member 70. As described above, according to the method for repairing the bearing wall 7, the bearing wall 7 can be repaired while the bearing panel 10 remains.

[0062] [Functions of this embodiment] The first function is as follows: In the bearing wall 7, the cover member 70 is disposed between the cross member 5 and the bearing panel 10, and covers the connecting member 40. The connecting member 40 is hidden by the cover member 70. This improves the design of the bearing wall 7.

[0063] The second effect will now be described. First, a reference example will be described. If there is no gap S between the cover end 71 of the cover member 70 and the panel end 20 of the load-bearing panel 10, the following event may occur. When an earthquake causes the load-bearing panel 10 to sway in a direction along the load-bearing wall 7, the cover member 70, which is located between the bottom end of the load-bearing panel 10 and the cross member 5, may be broken, and the load-bearing panel 10 may also be damaged.

[0064] In contrast, in this embodiment, a gap S is provided between the cover end 71 of the cover member 70 and the panel end 20 of the load-bearing panel 10. Therefore, in the event of a small earthquake, when the load-bearing panel 10 sways in a direction along the load-bearing wall 7, the collision between the load-bearing panel 10 and the cover member 70 is mitigated. This prevents breakage of the cover member 70 disposed between the lower end of the load-bearing panel 10 and the cross member 5, and also prevents damage to the load-bearing panel 10.

[0065] In the event of a large earthquake, the connecting members 40 will buckle. In this case, the connecting members 40 can be exposed by removing the cover members 70 from the bearing wall 7. The buckled connecting members 40 can then be replaced with new connecting members 40. In this way, the bearing wall 7 can be easily repaired while leaving the bearing panels 10 in place.

[0066] [Advantages of this embodiment] The advantages of this embodiment will be described. (1) The bearing wall 7 includes a bearing panel 10 fixed to the skeleton 2, a connecting member 40, and a cover member 70. The cover member 70 is disposed between a portion of the skeleton 2 and the bearing panel 10, and covers the connecting member 40. With this configuration, the connecting member 40 or the insulating material 85 covering the connecting member 40 can be exposed by removing the cover member 70. This makes it easy to replace the connecting member 40. In this way, the bearing wall 7 is easy to repair.

[0067] (2) In the bearing wall 7, a gap S is provided between the cover end 71 of the cover member 70 and the panel end 20 of the bearing panel 10. With this configuration, when the building 1 shakes due to an earthquake or the like and the bearing panel 10 shakes in a direction along the bearing wall 7, interference between the bearing wall 7 and the cover member 70 can be suppressed. This can suppress damage to the cover member 70 when the bearing wall 7 shakes. Alternatively, it can suppress damage to other components (for example, flooring) via the cover member 70.

[0068] (3) The cover end 71 of the cover member 70 has a cover step 72. Furthermore, the panel end 20 of the load-bearing panel 10 has a panel step 24. The cover step 72 engages with the panel step 24 of the load-bearing panel 10 via a gap S. With this configuration, the cover step 72 and the panel step 24 engage with each other, preventing the interior of the load-bearing wall 7 from being seen through the gap S between the load-bearing panel 10 and the cover member 70.

[0069] (4) The cover outer surface 70S of the cover member 70 is flush with the first panel wall surface 10A of the load-bearing panel 10. This configuration improves the design of the lower part of the load-bearing wall 7 indoors.

[0070] (5) The load-bearing panel 10 is placed on the first cross member 5A as part of the skeleton 2. The cover member 70 is placed between the load-bearing panel 10 and the floor 8 as a baseboard 70A. With this configuration, the connecting member 40 is covered by the cover member 70 as the baseboard 70A. This allows the construction of a load-bearing wall 7 having the baseboard 70A.

[0071] (6) The load-bearing panel 10 is disposed under the second cross member 5B as part of the skeleton 2. The cover member 70 is disposed between the load-bearing panel 10 and the ceiling 9 as a molding 70B. With this configuration, the connecting member 40 is covered by the cover member 70 as the molding 70B. This allows the load-bearing wall 7 to be formed with the molding 70B.

[0072] (7) The connecting member 40 has an expansion / contraction section 41. With this configuration, when the building 1 shakes due to an earthquake and the load-bearing panel 10 shakes in a direction along the load-bearing wall 7, the expansion / contraction of the connecting member 40 can suppress the shaking of the load-bearing panel 10. In addition, the load-bearing panel 10 can be prevented from coming into contact with the skeleton 2.

[0073] (8) In the bearing wall 7, an elastic insulating material 86 is disposed on the cover end 73 of the cover member 70, which is on the opposite side from the cover step 72. This configuration improves the insulation of the lower part of the bearing wall 7, and also allows the cover member 70 to sway or move when the bearing panel 10 and the cover member 70 sway in a direction along the bearing wall 7 as the building 1 sways due to an earthquake. This makes it possible to prevent damage to the cover member 70.

[0074] (9) The load-bearing panel 10 includes a load-bearing panel main body 11 and a panel joint 27 provided on the load-bearing panel main body 11. The panel joint 27 includes a panel insertion portion 28 that passes through the slit 13 of the load-bearing panel 10 and a panel mounting portion 29. The panel insertion portion 28 of the panel joint 27 is fixed to the load-bearing panel main body 11 by a drift pin 16 that is perpendicular to the panel insertion portion 28 and a bolt 17. The load-bearing panel main body 11 also includes a recess 19. The recess 19 accommodates the bolt head 17A of the bolt 17 or a nut 18 that engages with the bolt 17. The recess 19 is closed by a plug 19A. With this configuration, the load-bearing panel 10 and the panel joint 27 can be firmly fixed together by the drift pin 16 and the bolt 17. Furthermore, because the recess 19 of the load-bearing panel 10 is closed by the plug 19A, the appearance of the load-bearing panel 10 can be improved.

[0075] (10) The building 1 includes the above-described bearing wall 7. With this configuration, the connecting member 40 or the insulating material 85 covering the connecting member 40 can be exposed by removing the cover member 70. This makes it easy to replace the connecting member 40. In this way, the building 1 can be easily repaired.

[0076] (11) A method for repairing a bearing wall 7 in a building 1 having the bearing wall 7 described above includes steps 1 to 3. In step 1, the cover member 70 is removed. In step 2, the connecting member 40 is replaced with a new connecting member 40 while the bearing panel 10 is supported. In step 3, the new connecting member 40 is covered with the new cover member 70. With this configuration, when repairing the bearing wall 7, the bearing wall 7 can be easily repaired while leaving the bearing panel 10 in place.

[0077] <Modifications> The above-described embodiments are examples of possible forms of the bearing wall 7, the building 1, and the repair method for the bearing wall 7, and are not intended to limit the forms. The bearing wall 7, the building 1, and the repair method for the bearing wall 7 may take forms different from those exemplified in the above-described embodiments. Examples of such forms include forms in which part of the configuration of the embodiment is replaced, changed, or omitted, or forms in which a new configuration is added to the embodiment. Modifications of the embodiments are shown below.

[0078] The structure of the connecting member 40 is not limited to the example of the embodiment. The expandable portion 41 of the connecting member 40 may be a coil spring instead of the structure of the embodiment.

[0079] The cross member 5 may be formed of an H-shaped steel 89. As shown in Fig. 9 , when the cross member 5 is formed of an H-shaped steel 89, the mounting hardware 30 is fixed to a flange 89A of the H-shaped steel 89 by a fastening member 81.

[0080] This specification discloses the following technology. [Supplementary Note 1] Supplementary Note 1 is a load-bearing wall. The load-bearing wall comprises a load-bearing panel fixed to a skeleton, a connecting member, and a cover member. The connecting member is disposed between a portion of the skeleton and the load-bearing panel, and connects the skeleton and the load-bearing panel. The cover member is disposed between the portion of the skeleton and the load-bearing panel, and covers the connecting member.

[0081] [Supplementary Note 2] In the bearing wall described in Supplementary Note 1, a gap is provided between the cover end of the cover member and the panel end of the bearing panel.

[0082] [Appendix 3] In the load-bearing wall described in Appendix 2, the cover end has a cover step portion, and the panel end has a panel step portion, and the cover step portion engages with the panel step portion of the load-bearing panel via a gap.

[0083] [Supplementary Note 4] In the bearing wall according to Supplementary Note 1, the outer cover surface of the cover member is flush with the first panel wall surface of the bearing panel.

[0084] [Appendix 5] In the shear wall described in Appendix 1, the shear panel is placed on a first cross member as part of the main body, and the cover member is placed between the shear panel and the floor as a baseboard.

[0085] [Appendix 6] In the shear wall described in Appendix 1, the shear panel is arranged under a second cross member as part of the main body, and the cover member is arranged between the shear panel and the ceiling as a molding.

[0086] [Supplementary Note 7] In the bearing wall according to Supplementary Note 1, the connecting member has an expandable portion.

[0087] [Supplementary Note 8] In the bearing wall according to Supplementary Note 1, an elastic heat insulating material is arranged at the cover end portion of the cover member opposite to the cover step portion.

[0088] [Supplementary Note 9] In the shear wall described in Supplementary Note 1, the shear panel has a shear panel main body and a panel connecting portion provided on the shear panel main body. The panel connecting portion has a panel insertion portion that is inserted into a slit in the shear panel, and a panel mounting portion that is exposed from the shear panel and to which the connecting member is attached. The panel insertion portion is fixed to the shear panel main body by a drift pin and a bolt that are perpendicular to the panel insertion portion. The shear panel main body has a recess that accommodates the bolt head of the bolt or a nut that engages with the bolt, and the recess is closed by a plug.

[0089] [Supplementary Note 10] Supplementary Note 10 is a building. The building includes a bearing wall according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1 to 9.

[0090] [Appendix 11] Appendix 11 is a method for repairing a bearing wall. The method for repairing a bearing wall includes steps 1 to 3. In step 1, in a building equipped with a bearing wall according to any one of appendices 1 to 9, the cover member is removed. In step 2, the connecting member is replaced with a new connecting member while the bearing panel is supported. In step 3, the new connecting member is covered with a new cover member.

[0091] S...gap, 1...building, 2...structure, 5...cross member, 5A...first cross member, 5B...second cross member, 7...load-bearing wall, 8...floor, 9...ceiling, 10...load-bearing panel, 10A...first panel wall surface, 11...load-bearing panel body, 13...slit, 16...drift pin, 17...bolt, 17A...bolt head, 18...nut, 19...recess, 19A...plug, 20...panel end, 24...panel step portion, 27...panel connection portion, 28...panel insertion portion, 29...panel mounting portion, 40...connecting member, 41...expansion portion, 70...cover member, 70A...baseboard, 70B...circumference, 71...cover end, 72...cover step portion, 85...insulating material, 86...insulating material.

Claims

1. A load-bearing wall comprising: a load-bearing panel fixed to a body; a coupling member disposed between a part of the body and the load-bearing panel and coupling the body and the load-bearing panel; and a cover member disposed between a part of the body and the load-bearing panel and covering the coupling member.

2. The load-bearing wall according to claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between a cover end of the cover member and a panel end of the load-bearing panel.

3. The load-bearing wall according to claim 2, wherein the cover end has a cover step portion, the panel end has a panel step portion, and the cover step portion engages with the panel step portion of the load-bearing panel via a gap.

4. The load-bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an outer cover surface of the cover member is flush with a first panel wall surface of the load-bearing panel.

5. The load-bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the load-bearing panel is disposed on a first cross-member as a part of the body, and the cover member is disposed as a ledger between the load-bearing panel and the floor.

6. The load-bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the load-bearing panel is disposed under a second cross-member as a part of the body, and the cover member is disposed as a frieze between the load-bearing panel and the ceiling.

7. The load-bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the coupling member has an expansion and contraction portion.

8. The load-bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a heat insulating material having elasticity is disposed at a cover end of the cover member on a side opposite to the cover step portion.

9. The load-bearing panel has a load-bearing panel body and a panel coupling portion provided on the load-bearing panel body. The panel coupling portion has a panel insertion portion inserted into a slit of the load-bearing panel and a panel attachment portion exposed from the load-bearing panel and to which the coupling member is attached. The panel insertion portion is fixed to the load-bearing panel body by a drift pin and a bolt orthogonal to the panel insertion portion. The load-bearing panel body has a recess for accommodating a bolt head of the bolt or a nut engaging with the bolt, and the recess is closed by a plug. The load-bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A building comprising the load-bearing wall according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. In a building having a shear wall according to any one of claims 1 to 9, a method for repairing a shear wall, comprising: a first step of removing the cover member; a second step of replacing the coupling member with a new coupling member while supporting the shear panel; and a third step of covering the new coupling member with a new cover member.

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