Method of producing electrical energy

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of producing electricity by means of a floating, hollow sphere(1) made of heavy metal or any other material, or in any other form, which is raised by the buoyancy of water through a water reservoir, such as a water pipe or tank, and lowered by the force of gravity, through an obstacle it hits.

Description

[0001] METHOD OF PRODUCING ELECTRICAL ENERGY

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The subject matter of the invention related to a method of producing energy by means of a hollow, spherical object, made of heavy metal or any other material, which can float in water, where electricity is generated by the buoyancy of water through a water reservoir, such as a water pipe or tank, and the force of gravity causes it to fall downward, where it strikes an obstacle.

[0004] Prior art

[0005] Nowadays, the electricity is mainly produced in thermal power plants, hydroelectric power plants and nuclear power plants. Although the use of non-renewable energy sources in these power plants is high, the use of environmentally friendly renewable energy sources is increasing.

[0006] Electric power generation requires a mechanism to convert chemical or mechanical energy, suh as an engine, turbine or electric generator. Depending on the source of energy, water turbines, internal combustion or gasoline engines, wind turbines or steam turbines can be used. The turbines convert the kinetic energy of a liquid or gaseous substance into mechanical energy. A steam turbine has blades on the shaft. The steam power rotates these blades to turn the shaft connected to the generator. In turbines using fossil fuels, fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are used to heat water and produce steam.

[0007] In addition to non-renewable resources, renewable geothermal resources are also utilized to generate steam power. In energy production from geothermal resources, hot water heated underground is used in steam turbines to generate electrical energy. Water can also be used to rotate the turbines. In hydroelectric power plants, water accumulated in a dam is flowed down from a high point to generate electricity. The water is pressurized on the turbine blades and the generator is started. In some systems, rivers or streams, which are natural resources, are used directly instead of dams. Wind turbines, which are similar in structure to wind shafts, convert the energy provided by the speed of the wind into electrical energy.

[0008] During the search in the existing technique, the application numbered TR2022 / 019878 was identified. The application is related to the system that enables the conversion of kinetic energy in sea waves into electrical energy with the mechanical system created, which can be optionally fixed on yachts, ships, boats, etc. anchored at anchor or configured on the sea, without being connected to any vehicle or integrated into structures such as seashore, port, marina, etc., which can be used to generate electricity, use the electricity needs of settlements, and charge vehicle batteries and batteries. However, the system cannot generate electricity from the force of gravity, the buoyancy of water and the pressure differences in spaces with different pressures.

[0009] Consequently, due to the above-mentioned drawbacks and the inadequacy of the existing solutions, a development in the relevant technical field has become necessary.

[0010] Aim of the Invention

[0011] The invention is inspired by the existing practice and aims to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0012] The main purpose of the invention is to generate electricity as a result of any heavy spherical object that can float in water rising up with the buoyancy of the water and falling down with the force of gravity and hitting an obstacle.

[0013] With this invention it is aimed to produce electrical energy in the below instances: where there is no sun, when the weather is overcast, at night when solar panels are not utilized, • in locations where there is no wind or when the wind is not blowing, when wind turbines are not utilized,

[0014] • when hydroelectricity cannot be obtained in places where there are no large rivers, where there are large rivers but the geographical terrain is not suitable or where there is no possibility to build dams,

[0015] • when thermal power plants cannot be established in places where coal and similar fuels are not available or where there is no possibility of operation,

[0016] • in places where fossil fuels such as natural gas, gasoline, diesel fuel are not available or when electricity is not generated by generators using engines that run on these fuels when there is no possibility to obtain them,

[0017] • when there are no sea waves, when sea wave power plants are not utilized,

[0018] • when facilities processing uranium and similar elements are not available, nuclear power plants cannot be used,

[0019] • when there is no fertilizer or the possibility of obtaining it in places where methane gas is not utilized,

[0020] • in places where there are no geothermal facilities, When it is not possible to obtain and use a magnet.

[0021] The invention has the logic of getting rid of the force of gravity, the buoyancy of water and the negative force of pressure by somehow equalizing the pressures in spaces with different pressures, i.e. the system called escape trunk, barrel or cylinder, which is used in submarines to take the diver out.

[0022] The invention consists of a large reservoir filled with water to lift a metal sphere upwards, and a channel through which the sphere falls downwards, and a small pool or pools joining the two at the bottom. A sphere that can float in water by utilizing the buoyancy of water is lifted up by means of the water-filled reservoir. The sphere is dropped down through the side channel, subjected to gravity. When the sphere falls down, it exerts a potential force on the ground. This force is converted into mechanical energy, which is converted into electrical energy. The sphere passes from the bottom of the channel it fell into to a small empty pool located below the water tank on the side. When the sphere passes into the pool by pushing the lid that opens into the pool, the spring- loaded lid closes. This pool is next to or below the reservoir filled with water that will lift the sphere upwards. There is a pressure difference between the large water reservoir that will lift the sphere up and the smaller, empty pool below. The sphere is lifted into the water-filled reservoir by equalizing this difference. There is a lid large between the water reservoir and the small pool, large enough for the sphere to pass through, which is constantly closed by the pressure of the upper water. When water is supplied to the small pool from the body of the water-filled reservoir or from the external network or from an external water tank, the lower small pool is immediately filled with water. In this way, the pressure between the upper water reservoir and the small pool that will lift the sphere upwards is equalized and the lid between them opens freely. The sphere rises rapidly with the buoyancy of the water. After the sphere goes up, the spring-loaded or motorized lid is closed. The lower pool must be emptied until the sphere in the lower small balance pool falls down the side channel again and reaches the same place. A water pump or drain valve enters the circuit. The water in the small balance basin is transported to the upper reservoir or to a lower reservoir or to the side reservoir from which it came or to a side reservoir. The ball is lifted back to the top by the buoyancy of the water and completes one revolution. The ball generates electrical energy each time it falls. Since water will evaporate over time, a little external water should be added to the system.

[0023] The structural and characteristic features and all advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood by means of the figures given below and the detailed description written with references to these figures, and therefore, the evaluation should be made by considering these figures and detailed description. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0024] Figures of the method of producing electrical energy suitable for the purposes of the invention are as follows;

[0025] Figure 1 - General view of the structure of the subject of the invention.

[0026] Figure 2 - View of the process steps of the inventive method.

[0027] Figure 3 - View of the operation of the subject of the invention with mains water.

[0028] Figure 4 - View of the system fed from the balance pool.

[0029] Figure 5 - Single pawl view of the inventive structure.

[0030] Figure 6 - Double pawl view of the inventive structure..

[0031] Figure 7 - Spiral view of the inventive structure.

[0032] Figure 8 - Large and single pedal view of the inventive structure.

[0033] Figure 9 - View of the structure with different energy channels and equalization storage.

[0034] Figure 10 - View of a multi-prismatic structur.

[0035] Figure 11 - View of a multi-circular system.

[0036] The items in the figures above are numbered as follows and will be used in the remainder of the description :

[0037] 1. Sphere

[0038] 2. Channel

[0039] 3. Upper Pool

[0040] 4. Lower Pool 5. Pump

[0041] 6. Motor

[0042] 7. Pawl

[0043] 8. Solenoid Valve

[0044] 9. Lid

[0045] 10. Pipe

[0046] 11. Equalization Tank

[0047] 12. Evacuation Pool

[0048] 13. Generator

[0049] 14. Spiral Structure

[0050] 15. Transition cover

[0051] In this detailed description, the preferred embodiments of the inventive method of producing electrical energy are described only for a better understanding of the subject matter.

[0052] The invention is generally a method of producing electrical energy through the buoyancy and gravitational force of water,

[0053] • movement by gravity of a sphere(l) made of metal or any other material in a channel(2) having an inclined lower surface with at least one pawl(7) or spiral structure(14) at one end,

[0054] • the sphere(l), whose speed slows down by hitting the pawl(7), pushes the lid(9) adjacent to the inclined surface and falls into the lower pool(4) and the lid(9) closes,

[0055] • the water flow from the upper pool(3) to the lower pool(4) starts with the activation of the solenid valve(8) located in the water line connecting upper pool(3) to lower pool(4)

[0056] • as a result of the lower pool(4) being completely filled with water, the sphere(l) rises to the roof of the lower pool(4), the lid(9) between the upper pool(3) and the lower pool(4) opens and the sphere(l) emerges into the upper pool(3),

[0057] • the water from the lower pool (4) is raised to the upper pool (3) until the sphere (1) rises to the surface of the upper pool (3), • lowering of the sphere(l) into the side channel(2) through a curved arm attached to the reinforced motor(6) with the reducer on the surface of the upper pool(3),

[0058] • the generator(13) connected to the channel(2) generates electricity as a result of the pressure generated by the sphere(l).

[0059] The buoyant force acting on an object is equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by this object. In short, it can be formulated as (F{lift}=W {water displaced by the object}). The density at room temperature is (0.998 g / cm3), in other words, 1 liter of water with a specific gravity of approximately (1 g / cm3), (1000 grams) is 1 kilogram. In short; 1 liter of water = 1 kilogram = 1000 cm3. In addition, the buoyancy of a liquid depends on its density (p), gravitational acceleration (g=9.806) and the volume of the displaced liquid (V).

[0060] Any object of a given volume placed in or on a body of water will not sink unless its weight is greater than the weight of an equal volume of water.

[0061] One cubic meter of water is 1 ton, in other words 1,000 kilograms. If 1 cubic meter (m3) of an object is less than 1,000 kilograms, it will not sink. For this reason, the volume of the sphere(l) used in the invention must be calculated precisely so that it can rise from the bottom of the water to the top of the water in a short time. The sphere(l) must not be heavier than the volume of the water it is in. The volume of any sphere is calculated by the formula : (V = 4 / 3 nr3). The outer diameter of the sphere(l) used in the invention, in other words the metal ball : 273 mm and its volume; 4 / 3x3,14x13,65x13,65x13,65x13,65= 10.647 mm3. This means that 10.647 grams of water overflows out of a container full of water. In this case, this sphere(l) with an outer diameter of 273 mm must weigh less than 10.647 grams in order not to sink in water.

[0062] In order for the sphere(l) to be able to move up quickly in the water, it must be 25% lighter than the water it overflows. In other words, the sphere(l) must weigh at most 8,520 grams. Because as the outer diameter of the sphere(l) increases, its weight will increase and as its weight increases, its speed of ascending to the water surface will decrease. When the sphere(l) reaches the volume of the water it overflows, its weight (since the weight and volume of the water are the same); 10.647 grams, the sphere will sink to the bottom and will not be able to rise to the water surface again.

[0063] The area of a sphere(l) with an outer diameter R:273mm : 4x3,14x13,65x13,65x13,65 = 2.340 cm2. Since the sphere(l) in the invention will constantly circulate in water, 304 stainless steel is used. Specific gravity of the stainless steel in question : 7,9 gr / cm3. In this case, the formula will be as follows: (Weight of the sphere = Area of the sphere x Specific gravity x Sheet thickness). 8520= 2340 x 7,9 x (X) mm. (X) should be maximum= 4,6 mm. If the thickness of the sheet is 5 mm, the sphere (1) will weigh : 5x7,9x2340= 9.243 grams, which is not ideal. If the thickness of the sheet is 4 mm, the metal sphere(l) will weigh : 4x7,9x2340= 7.395 grams, which is an ideal weight.

[0064] As a result, the metal sphere(l) must be made of 304 stainless steel with a diameter of R:273 mm, a thickness of 4 mm, a weight of 7.395 grams, and a diameter of R:273 mm. Since a sphere(l) of these dimensions is 44% lighter than the weight of the water it will overflow, it will quickly shoot upwards from the water-filled chamber.

[0065] In the invention the pump(5) that lifts water from the lower pool(4) to the upper pool(3) is 0.5kW. Thus, it transfers 45 liters 4 meters upwards in 30 sencods. Water is transferred by solenoid valve(8) from the upper pool(3) to the lower pool(4). The pawl(7) is actuated by the impact of the metal sphere(l) as it falls down and rotates the generator(13) by means of pulley and gears. The lid(9) at one of the channel(2) allows the metal sphere(l) to enter the lower pool(4). The lid(9) is spring-loaded from the back an the spring ensures that the lid(9) is closed when the sphere(l) falls into the lower pool(4). The water in the lower pool(4) i transferred to the upper pool(3) through pipe(10). The upper pool(3) accommodates 55 liters of water. The metal sphere(l) falls down through the channel(2). The diameter and length of the channel (2) varies. In the invention, the diameter is 315 mm and the length is 4000 mm.

[0066] The upper pool(3) carries the metal sphere(l) to the top. The diameter and length vary, in the invention the diameter is 400 mm and the length is 4000 mm. The sphere(l) rising to the surface of the upper pool(3) is transferred to the channel(2) by means of a gearmotor(6). The motor(6) has a 12 VDC 24 cycle feature. The upper pool(3) and the lower pool (4) are separated from each other by a plastic transition cover(15).

[0067] In a desired embodiment of the invention, the electric water pump(5) can be operated without the use of mains water. Every minute, 70 liters of water from the upper pool(3) is supplied by an electric pump(5) from the mains water instead of the lower pool(4). This system can be more easily implemented in small accommodation unit where water flows continuously and there is no water shortage. As shown in Figure 3, the water reservoir that raises the metal sphere(l) is fed by a valve connected to the mains water supply. This valve opens as the water in the water reservoir decreases and automatically ensures that the water reservoir remains at the highest level. Because the metal sphere(l) must rise to the top. When the solenoid valve(8) that lowers the water in the water tank to the lower pool(4) is opened, the water in the water tank fills the lower pool(4). Since the pressure of the two pools is equalized, the metal sphere(l) starts to rise to the upper pool(3).

[0068] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 4, the water reservoir that will raise the sphere(l) to the water surface is fed by a equalization tank(ll) to be installed outside instead of a water pump from the bottom. This equalization tank(ll) keeps the water constant at the top level with float valves. When the metal ball(l) drops into the lower pool(4), the normally closed solenoid valve(8) under the equalization tank(ll) senses this and opens to fill the lower pool (4). When the lower pool(4) is full, the metal sphere(l) goes up and continues on its way past the center cover. If the system is a single sphere(l), the upper levels of the equalization pool(ll) and the water reservoir that raises the sphere(l) must be equal. However, if the system works with several spheres (1), the equalization tank (11) should be above the water reservoirs. Thus, it can supply water to the water reservoirs. At the lowest level of the structure there is now a water discharge pool (12). A water pump located between the discharge pool (12) and the equalization tank (11) is activated and operates when necessary to equalize the water of the system.

[0069] The electricity producing part of the invention can have more than one different structure. For this purpose, the structure can be single pawl(7) as shown in Figure 5, or double pawl(7) as shown in Figure 6. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the spiral structure (14) as shown in Figure 7 can also be used. In the spiral structure(14) system, as the metal sphere(l) falls down, it moves a spiral and drives the generator(13) with the pulley or shaft group to which it is connected. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, a large pedal structure can be used as shown in Figure 8.

[0070] When there are several water reservoirs that raise the metal sphere(l), the electrical conduit that lowers the spheres(l) can be as many as there are water reservoirs, i.e. as many spheres. Each falling sphere feeds the generator(13) from a common shaft. As the number of spheres(l), the number of channels and therefore the number of water reservoirs increases, the electricity production increases exponentially. This system is the most advantageous system. Because this system does not allow the spheres(l) to get stuck and stop the system by interfering with each other in case of any malfunction. With this system, there is no need for an extra distribution system for the spheres(l) falling to the bottom.

[0071] In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the channel into which the metal sphere(l) falls may be in the form of a cage. As shown in Figure 9, in another desired embodiment of the invention, there may be a plurality of water reservoirs and a recirculating metal sphere(l) fed from the equalization tank(ll). In the system, there can be one water reservoir and one metal sphere(l), or multiple water systems feeding the same generator(13) can be connected to the circuit together at the same time. They can also be connected to each other in a circular or series.

[0072] In another embodiment of the invention, the water reservoirs that raise the sphere (1) can be square, rectangular, pentagonal, hexagonal or any other shape as shown in Figure 10.

[0073] In the desired embodiment of the invention, when a multiple system is used, as shown in Figure 11, the water reservoir that will raise the sphere(l) upwards is arranged in a circle structure around the channel(2) through which the sphere(l)falls downwards to generate electricity. The metal spheres(l)fall down through this channel(2) one after the other.

[0074] In the invention, a metal sphere (1) with a diameter of 273 mm, hollow inside and a sheet thickness of 4 mm falls to the ground from a height of 4 meters. The area of the sphere is 4nr2= 4x3,14x13,65x13,65= 2340 cm2. When the weight of this sphere(l) is calculated from the specific gravity of iron : 2340 x 7.9 x 4 mm = 7.395 grams. The potential energy that the falling metal sphere will exert on the ground where it falls is equal to the potential energy of a free-falling body subject to all gravity: F=mx(kg)xa (Gravitational Acceleration : 9.806 m / s2) exerts a force of Jolue. A sphere (1) weighing 7.395 grams falling to the ground from a height of 4 meters exerts a force of 7.395x4x9,80 = 289 joules of force. In other words, it creates 289 Watt / sec. energy. Assuming a 20% energy loss due to friction, bearings and other elements of the system as the sphere (1) falls to the ground, the system generates 232 Watt / sec of energy in one cycle: 232 Watt / sec energy. Since the system will make two cycles in one minute: 2x232= 464 Watt energy. In one hour: 60x464 watts= 27,8 Kw / h electricity. As a result, this would easily meet the electricity needs of an apartment building with five flats. In the invention, the water pump(5) consumes 1000 watts, the 12 V DC motor(6) with gear reducer that transmits the sphere(l) consumes 30 watts, two solenoid valves(8) consume 80 watts, and the electronic control panel consumes 100 watts.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A method of producing electrical energy by means of the buoyancy and gravitational force of water characterized in that;• movement by gravity of a sphere(l) made of metal or any other material in a channel(2) having an inclined lower surface with at least one pawl(7) or spiral structure(14) at one end,• a sphere(l), whose speed slows down by hitting the pawl(7), pushes the spring lid(9) adjacent to the inclined surface and falls into the lower pool(4) and the spring lid(9) closes,• water flow from the upper pool(3) to the lower pool(4) starts with the activation of the solenid valve(8) located in the water line connecting upper pool(3) to lower pool(4),• as a result of the lower pool(4) being completely filled with water the sphere(l) rises to the ceiling of the lower pool(4), the lid(9) between the upper pool(3) and the lower pool(4) opens and the sphere(l) emerges into the upper pool(3),• the water from the lower pool (4) being raised into the upper pool (3) until the sphere (1) rises to the surface of the upper pool (3),• dropping the sphere(l) into the adjacent channel(2) by means of a curved arm attached to the reinforced gearmotor(6),• the generator(13) connected to the channel(2) produces electricity as a result of the pressure generated by the sphere(l).

2. A method of producing electrical energy in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that; comprising the process step of lifting the water from the lower pool (4) into the upper pool (3) by means of a pump (5) until the sphere (1) rises to the surface of the upper pool (3).

3. A method of producing electrical energy in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that; comprising the process step filling the decreasing water from the upper pool(3) with mains water by means of an electric pump(5).

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