Rapid charging system and method for electrically connecting a vehicle to a charging station

Abstract

The invention relates to a rapid charging system (46) for electrically driven vehicles, in particular electric buses or the like, and to a method for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station, comprising a contact device (47), a charging contact device (43) and a positioning device, wherein the contact device or the charging contact device can be arranged on a vehicle, wherein the contact device can be brought into electrical contact with the charging contact device in a contact position, wherein the contact device can be positioned relative to the charging contact device, and brought into the contact position, by means of the positioning device, wherein the charging contact device has a charging-contact element carrier (44) with charging contact elements (45), wherein the charging contact elements are each strip-shaped, wherein the contact device has a contact element carrier (48) with contact elements (49), wherein, in the contact position, the contact elements can be brought into electrical contact with the charging contact elements in order to form respective contact pairs, wherein the contact pairs can be formed for at least two power contacts of the rapid charging system, wherein the charging-contact element carrier has at least four charging contact elements (45) and / or wherein the contact element carrier has at least four contact elements (49), wherein the charging contact elements are arranged relative to the contact elements in such a way that, in the contact position, at least two power contacts can be formed between two charging contact elements and two contact elements.

Description

[0001] Fast charging system and method for electrically connecting a vehicle to a charging station

[0002] The invention relates to a quick charging system for electrically powered vehicles, in particular electric buses or the like, and to a method for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station with a contact device, a charging contact device and a positioning device, wherein the contact device or the charging contact device can be arranged on a vehicle, wherein the contact device can be electrically contacted in a contact position with the contact device, wherein the contact device can be positioned relative to the charging contact device and brought into the contact position by means of the positioning device, wherein the charging contact device has a charging contact element carrier with charging contact elements, wherein the charging contact elements are each strip-shaped, wherein the contact device has a contact element carrier with contact elements,The contact elements, in the contact position, can each be electrically contacted with the charging contact element to form contact pairs, wherein the contact pairs can be configured for at least two power contacts of the rapid charging system. Such rapid charging systems or methods are already known from the prior art and are regularly used for rapid charging of electrically powered vehicles at a stop or a stopping point. Electrically powered vehicles used in local transport, such as buses, can thus be successively supplied with electrical energy at the respective stops.

[0003] In a rapid charging system known from WO 2019 / 175165 A1, a roof-shaped charging contact device is contacted by a correspondingly designed contact device. The charging contact device has charging contact elements designed as conductor strips and arranged to extend in a direction of travel of the vehicle. Contact elements of the contact device are designed as bolts and contact the conductor strips at specific points in the contact position. Precisely reaching the contact position is made possible by inserting the contact device into the charging contact device in a vertical direction, relative to a direction of travel of the vehicle.

[0004] A disadvantage of the charging systems known from the prior art is that charging a vehicle takes a comparatively long time and, during longer charging times, components on the charging contact device or the contact device heat up so much as a result of the charging process that permissible temperature limits for these components can be exceeded. Furthermore, a number of rapid charging systems are already in operation and are therefore part of a charging infrastructure, for example in local public transport. Charging stations already exist, for example at bus stops, and vehicles or buses are equipped with corresponding contact devices. However, converting these charging stations and vehicles to a new, improved rapid charging system is not easily possible due to the high investment costs.In principle, all charging stations and contact devices on vehicles must be replaced if, for example, a public transport line is to be operated with an improved rapid charging system.

[0005] The present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a rapid charging system and a method for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a charging station, which enables cost-effective operation of the means of transport and a fast and safe charging process.

[0006] This object is achieved by a rapid charging system having the features of claim 1, a charging infrastructure having the features of claim 16 and a method having the features of claim 17.

[0007] The rapid charging system according to the invention for electrically powered vehicles, in particular electric buses or the like, for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station, comprises a contact device, a charging contact device and a positioning device, wherein the contact device or the charging contact device can be arranged on a vehicle, wherein the contact device can be electrically contacted in a contact position with the contact device, wherein the contact device can be positioned relative to the charging contact device and brought into the contact position by means of the positioning device, wherein the charging contact device has a charging contact element carrier with charging contact elements, wherein the charging contact elements are each strip-shaped, wherein the contact device has a contact element carrier with contact elements,wherein the contact elements in the contact position are each electrically contactable with the charging contact elements to form contact pairs, wherein the contact pairs can be formed for at least two power contacts of the rapid charging system, wherein the charging contact element carrier has at least four charging contact elements and / or wherein the contact element carrier has at least four contact elements, wherein the charging contact elements are arranged relative to the contact elements such that in the contact position at least two power contacts can be formed between two charging contact elements and two contact elements.

[0008] According to the invention, it is therefore provided that the charging contact element carrier has at least four charging contact elements for forming at least two power contacts with at least two contact elements, wherein alternatively or additionally, the contact element carrier has at least four contact elements for forming at least two power contacts with at least two charging contact elements. A vehicle can then be charged, for example with direct current, via at least two contact pairs or poles, for example for plus and minus. Nevertheless, at least four charging contact elements and / or four contact elements are provided, so that current can also be transmitted via four power contacts or four poles, for example two poles for plus and two poles for minus. In this case, in principle, twice as much current can be transmitted as with just two power contacts or poles.Depending on the desired charging time, the vehicle can also be charged for a comparatively long time without causing undue heating of components of the charging contact device and / or the contact device. The current-carrying capacity of the rapid charging system can thus be significantly improved when charging with high currents within a short period of time, even during comparatively longer charging times.

[0009] Furthermore, the at least four charging contact elements or four contact elements make it possible to connect charging contact devices or charging stations with a smaller number of charging contact elements or contact elements to vehicles. In this case, the rapid charging system then comprises, for example, a contact device known from the prior art with two contact elements for forming power contacts and a charging contact device with four charging contact elements. In this case, only two of the charging contact elements can be contacted with the contact elements, while the remaining two charging contact elements of the charging contact device remain unused.Conversely, the charging contact device can have two charging contact elements and the contact device can have four contact elements, of which only two contact elements can be contacted with the charging contact elements and the remaining two contact elements of the contact device remain unused. In both cases, the charging contact devices and the contact devices are compatible with each other to the extent that regular charging of the vehicle can be carried out. In this case, there is no need to completely replace a charging infrastructure or rapid charging systems. A conversion of a charging infrastructure can then also be carried out gradually, since older charging contact devices or contact devices can be used with charging contact devices or contact devices according to the invention to form at least two power contacts.This also makes it possible to avoid high initial investment costs and at the same time charge vehicles quickly and safely.

[0010] In a particularly simple embodiment of the rapid charging system, two power contacts can be formed with just two contact elements. Then, either the charging contact device can have four charging contact elements and the contact device two contact elements, or the charging contact device can have two charging contact elements and the contact device four contact elements. The charging contact elements and the contact elements are arranged relative to one another such that only the two power contacts are formed in the contact position. The remaining charging contact elements or contact elements remain unused. Thus, in the contact position, the formation of at least two further power contacts or the contacting of at least two contact elements can be omitted.Any excess charging contact elements or contact elements will then not come into contact with other contact elements or charging contact elements to form further power contacts in such a way that a current or charging current could be transmitted.

[0011] In a further embodiment, at least four power contacts can be formed between four charging contact elements and four contact elements in the contact position. This allows comparatively high currents to be transmitted, which can shorten charging times. Furthermore, charging times can also be extended as needed without causing undue heating of components of the charging contact device or the contact device. When charging the vehicle with direct current, two of the power contacts can then be used for a positive pole and two of the power contacts for a negative pole. By distributing the plurality of poles across the at least four power contacts, separate current is carried for each pole.This also helps prevent rapid overheating of components, especially the charging contact elements and the contact elements, since areas on the charging contact element carrier and the contact element carrier where heat could be generated during current transfer are separated by a distance of . This results in better heat distribution on the charging contact element carrier and the contact element carrier, respectively, preventing the formation of overheated areas or points.

[0012] The contact element carrier can have more than four contact elements, wherein at least two contact elements can be contacted with at least one charging contact element. Consequently, it can be provided that two or more contact elements are connected or contacted with a charging contact element for each charging contact element. The contact elements can then be arranged in a

[0013] be arranged in series on the charging contact element.

[0014] The charging contact elements can be designed as conductor strips, wherein the conductor strips can be arranged parallel to one another and in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the charging contact element carrier or of a vehicle. In particular, the conductor strips can then be arranged in the longitudinal direction or in a horizontal direction, which essentially corresponds to a direction of travel of the vehicle. For example, the conductor strips can be over 1 m long, so that a vehicle can stop at a bus stop within an area. The charging contact elements can thus form a comparatively large, contactable surface for the contact elements. A conductor strip is then also easy to manufacture, for example by using a semi-finished product as the conductor strip. The conductor strips can be made of copper or aluminum, for example.Furthermore, the conductor strips can be arranged at a distance relative to each other such that two conductor strips cannot be electrically connected to each other by a single contact element. Furthermore, this distance can be selected such that a voltage flashover or arc cannot occur between the conductor strips. Preferably, conductor strips of one pole or phase are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0015] The contact elements can be arranged in at least one plane, which, in the contact position, can run orthogonally to a longitudinal axis of the charging contact element carrier. This ensures that the contact elements can be inserted into or removed from the charging contact element carrier simultaneously in the longitudinal direction or direction of travel. An offset deviating from the orthogonal arrangement of the plane can occur in the event of a positioning error of the vehicle at the stop. In this case, it can be provided that, due to the design of the contact device and the charging contact device, achieving the contact position is not possible or is only possible within a small angular tolerance.

[0016] The contact elements can be arranged in at least one further plane, which, in the contact position, runs orthogonally to the longitudinal axis, wherein the planes can then be spaced apart from one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis. Contact elements for forming power contacts can thus be arranged in this plane and in the further plane. Accordingly, the contact elements can be arranged offset relative to one another on the contact element carrier in the direction of the longitudinal axis or a direction of travel of the vehicle.

[0017] The contact pairs can be designed for power contacts, a signal contact, and a protective contact of the rapid charging system. There must be at least two contact pairs of power contacts so that a charging current can be transmitted between the contact device and the charging contact device. The charging current can be a direct current or an alternating current. Additional contact pairs can also be provided to transmit the charging current in order to be able to transmit high currents in a short time via the respective contact surfaces. Furthermore, a larger number of contact pairs ensures that a charging current can still flow even if a single contact pair is interrupted. The protective contact can be used to connect the vehicle to ground or a zero potential.The signal contact can be used to exchange signals and data between the vehicle and the rapid charging system or a charging station. In particular, it can be provided that a current only flows through the contact pairs of the power contacts once the contact pairing for the signal contact and the protective contact has been formed. Conversely, a charging current flowing through the contact pairs of the power contacts can be immediately switched off if the signal contact and / or the protective contact is interrupted. This can then ensure that an unintentional displacement of a contact element on a charging contact surface first leads to a separation of the signal contact before a contact pairing of a power contact is separated. This ensures that the power contact is always de-energized when the signal contact and / or the protective contact is interrupted.

[0018] The contact elements can each form a contact surface and the charging contact elements can each form a charging contact surface, whereby the contact surfaces can each be smaller than the charging contact surfaces. For example, the contact elements can be bolt-shaped or designed in the manner of a rocker or an arm. Furthermore, the contact elements can be spring-mounted on the contact element carrier. The contact elements are therefore particularly easy to manufacture, whereby the spring-mounted mounting can be implemented by a simple compression spring within or on the contact element. As a result, a point-like contact with a charging contact element can be formed under spring preload. Consequently, the contact surface can also be point-shaped. This can be the case in particular when bolt-shaped contact elements are used.In principle, however, it is also possible to create other contact surface shapes, depending on the design of the contact elements. It is essential, however, that the respective contact surface is always smaller than the smallest or shortest charging contact surface in the longitudinal direction.

[0019] A current of at least 1000A can be transmitted via the power contacts. This is possible if at least four power contacts are used. If only two power contacts are used, a current of at least 500A can be transmitted.

[0020] The positioning device can comprise a pantograph, a rocker, or a telescopic mast, by means of which the contact device can be positioned longitudinally and / or transversely relative to the charging contact device and brought into the contact position. In the case of a rocker, a supplementary coupling mechanism can be provided, which stabilizes the contact device relative to the charging contact device or vice versa, or aligns it in the relevant direction. Accordingly, the contact device or the charging contact device can be arranged on the pantograph or the rocker. Furthermore, the positioning device can be arranged on a vehicle roof or, for example, on a mast of a charging station or bus stop, bridge, or underpass. A pantograph or a rocker, or a corresponding mechanical drive, is particularly simple and cost-effective to manufacture.

[0021] It is particularly advantageous if the charging contact element carrier is designed as a roof-shaped longitudinal rail that can be arranged in a direction of travel of the vehicle. The charging contact elements can then be arranged on an underside of the roof-shaped longitudinal rail so that the charging contact elements are not directly exposed to the effects of the weather. The roof-shaped longitudinal rail can also be designed to be comparatively long so that precise positioning of the vehicle at a stop is no longer necessary. The roof-shaped longitudinal rail can also preferably be designed to be open at its ends so that the contact element carrier can also be inserted into or pulled out of the roof-shaped longitudinal rail in the direction of travel. If the charging contact element carrier is to be arranged on a vehicle, it can be provided that the charging contact element carrier is designed as a web-shaped elevation that can be arranged in a direction of travel of the vehicle.

[0022] The contact device can be arranged on a vehicle roof and the charging contact device can be arranged on a stationary charging station, or vice versa. For example, this could be the roof of an electric bus or a tram. For example, it could also be provided to position the contact device or the charging contact device on the vehicle roof so that it is arranged on the driver's side of the vehicle roof in the direction of travel. This makes positioning the contact device or the charging contact device significantly easier for a driver of the vehicle, since the contact device or the charging contact device is in the driver's line of sight.

[0023] The charging contact element carrier can form a receiving opening for the contact element carrier, wherein the contact element carrier can be inserted into the receiving opening of the charging contact element carrier, or the contact element carrier can form a receiving opening for the charging contact element carrier, wherein the charging contact element carrier can be inserted into the receiving opening of the contact element carrier. The receiving opening can preferably be V-shaped. In the event of a relative deviation of the contact element carrier when the contact device and charging contact device are brought together to form the receiving opening, the V-shaped design of the receiving opening then causes the contact element carrier or the charging contact element carrier to be centered. Conversely, the contact element carrier can form a receiving opening for the charging contact element carrier, wherein the charging contact element carrier can then be inserted into the receiving opening of the contact element carrier.The receiving opening can then also preferably be V-shaped, wherein the contact elements can then be arranged within the V-shaped receiving opening. When the contact element carrier and the charging contact element carrier are brought together, the receiving opening can form a guide for the contact element carrier or the charging contact element carrier. Any positional deviations of the vehicle from a designated stopping position when stopping at a stop can thus be easily compensated for by the contact element carrier or the charging contact element carrier being guided into the contact position by the receiving opening. Furthermore, when the contact device and the charging contact device are brought together, a guide device can position the respective vertical axes of a common alignment.This means that if the vertical axes of the contact device and the charging contact device are not aligned relative to one another, physical contact cannot be established. Physical contact can only be established when the guide device has positioned or aligned the contact device and the charging contact device relative to one another such that the respective vertical axes are aligned or are in common alignment. It is therefore advantageous if the rapid charging system has the guide device for guiding the contact device or the charging contact device into the contact position, wherein the guide device can be designed such that when the contact device and the charging contact device are brought together, physical contact between the contact elements and the charging contact elements is prevented before the contact position is reached.The guide device can then prevent the contact elements from making contact with the charging contact device before reaching the contact position when the contact device and charging contact device are brought together. Contact can then only be formed or established in the contact position. The contact elements cannot slide over long distances along the charging contact device or its surface, thereby preventing undesirable abrasion of the contact elements or the surface of the charging contact device.

[0024] The charging infrastructure according to the invention comprises at least two rapid charging systems, wherein at least one rapid charging system is a rapid charging system according to the invention. Accordingly, at least one of the rapid charging systems can have at least four charging contact elements and / or four contact elements, wherein the charging contact elements are arranged relative to the contact elements such that, in the contact position, at least two power contacts can be formed between two charging contact elements and two contact elements. The at least two rapid charging systems can also be rapid charging systems according to the invention, so that each of the rapid charging systems has at least four charging contact elements and / or four contact elements.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the charging infrastructure can comprise at least two rapid charging systems according to the invention, each with at least four charging contact elements and at least four contact elements for forming at least four charging contacts. Further advantageous embodiments of a charging infrastructure emerge from the feature descriptions of the dependent claims referring back to claim 1.

[0025] In the method according to the invention for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station, in particular for a rapid charging system for electrically powered vehicles, such as electric buses or the like, the rapid charging system comprises a contact device, a charging contact device and a positioning device, wherein the contact device electrically contacts the charging contact device in a contact position, wherein the contact device is positioned relative to the charging contact device and brought into the contact position by means of the positioning device, wherein the charging contact device has a charging contact element carrier with charging contact elements, wherein the charging contact elements are each strip-shaped, wherein the contact device has a contact element carrier with contact elements,wherein the contact elements are electrically contacted in the contact position with the charging contact elements to form contact pairs, wherein the contact pairs are formed for at least two power contacts of the rapid charging system, wherein the charging contact element carrier has at least four charging contact elements and / or wherein the contact element carrier has at least four contact elements, wherein the charging contact elements are arranged relative to the contact elements such that in the contact position at least two power contacts are formed between two charging contact elements and two contact elements. With regard to the advantageous effects of the method according to the invention, reference is made to the description of the advantages of the rapid charging system according to the invention.

[0026] Further advantageous embodiments of the method emerge from the descriptions of the features of the subclaims which refer back to claim 1.

[0027] Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] They show:

[0029] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a rapid charging system in a side view;

[0030] Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a rapid charging system according to the prior art in a front view;

[0031] Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a rapid charging system in a front view;

[0032] Fig. 4 shows another embodiment of a rapid charging system in a front view;

[0033] Fig. 5 shows the quick charging system from Fig. 4 in a contact position;

[0034] Fig. 6 shows a first embodiment of a contact device and a charging contact device of a rapid charging system in a schematic plan view;

[0035] Fig. 7 shows a second embodiment of a contact device and a charging contact device of a rapid charging system in a schematic plan view; Fig. 8 shows a third embodiment of a contact device and a charging contact device of a rapid charging system in a schematic plan view;

[0036] Fig. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of a contact device and a charging contact device of a rapid charging system in a schematic plan view.

[0037] Fig. 1 shows a rapid charging system 10, formed from a contact device 11 and a charging contact device 12. The contact device 11 is fastened to a roof of a vehicle or electric bus (not shown in detail here) via electrically insulated feet 13. The charging contact device 12 is suspended above the electric bus in the region of a support point of the electric bus by means of a suspension device (not shown in detail here). The contact device 11 comprises a contact element carrier 14, with which the charging contact device 12 can be contacted. The rapid charging system 10 further comprises a positioning device 15, with which the contact element carrier 14 can be positioned relative to the charging contact device 12.

[0038] The contact element carrier 14 further comprises a body 16 with contact elements 17, which can be contacted with charging contact elements (not visible here) of the charging contact device 12. In the embodiment shown here, the positioning device 15 has a rocker arm 18, which can be pivoted via a pivot bearing 19 on a fastening frame 20 of the contact device 11. Furthermore, a coupling gear 21 of the positioning device 15 is provided, in which a rod 22 of the coupling gear 21 is connected to a lever 23 on the body 16. When the rocker arm 18 is pivoted, the body 16 arranged at an upper end 24 of the rocker arm 18 is always held in a substantially horizontal position via the coupling gear 21.Consequently, the contact element carrier 14 is inserted in the direction of travel of the electric bus, indicated here by the arrow 25, into a roof-shaped charging contact element carrier 26 of the charging contact device 12 when brought together in the contact position.

[0039] Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a prior art rapid charging system 27 with a contact device 28 and a charging contact device 29. The contact device 28 and the charging contact device 29 are designed here in the manner of the contact device and charging contact device, respectively, of the rapid charging system according to Fig. 1. A contact element carrier 30 has the contact elements 31 for forming power contacts with charging contact elements 32 on a charging contact element carrier 33 of the charging contact device 29. The charging contact element carrier 33 is roof-shaped here and has a V-shaped receiving opening 34 for the contact element carrier 30. On an inner side 35 of the receiving opening 34, the contact elements 32, which are designed here as conductor strips 36, run along a longitudinal axis of the charging contact device 29 (not shown here).The contact elements 31 are designed as bolts 37 and reach the position contact elements 33 in a contact position not shown here, so that contact pairs are formed.

[0040] Furthermore, contact elements 38 and 39 are arranged on the contact element carrier 30, and charging contact elements 40 and 41 are arranged on the charging contact element carrier 33, by means of which a signal contact and a protective contact can be formed in the contact position. In the rapid charging system 27, two contact elements 31 and two charging contact elements 32 are provided to form power contacts.

[0041] Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a rapid charging system 42 in which, in contrast to the rapid charging system from Fig. 2, a charging contact device 43 with a charging contact element carrier 44 with four charging contact elements 45 is provided for forming power contacts. The charging contact elements 45 run parallel to one another in the direction of a longitudinal axis, not shown here, of the charging contact element carrier 44. In addition to the charging contact elements 40 and 41, which also serve to form a signal contact and a protective contact, four charging contact elements 45 are provided to form four power contacts. When the contact device 28 is brought into the contact position, however, only two power contacts are formed. The charging contact device 43 is therefore compatible with the contact device 28 from Fig. 2, which is known from the prior art.

[0042] 4 and 5 show a rapid charging system 46, comprising the charging contact device 43 from Fig. 3 and a contact device 47. The contact device 47 has a contact element carrier 48 with contact elements 38 and 39 for forming a signal contact or protective contact, and in contrast to the contact element carrier from Fig. 2, four contact elements 49 for forming power contacts with the charging contact elements 45. Fig. 5 shows the charging contact device 43 together with the contact device 47 in a contact position in which the contact elements 49 are in contact with the charging contact elements 45. The contact elements 38, 39 and 49 are subjected to a spring force and can be moved essentially in the direction of a longitudinal axis 50 against the spring force, such that in the contact position the contact elements 38, 39 and 49 are displaced into a body 51 of the contact element carrier 48.A surface 52 of a contact side 53 of the contact element carrier 48 comes into contact at least partially with a surface 54 of the charging contact element carrier. Furthermore, in the contact position, the contact device 47 is positioned relative to the charging contact device 43 such that a vertical axis 55 of the contact device 47 or of the contact element carrier 48 is substantially aligned with a vertical axis 56 of the charging contact device 43 or of the charging contact element carrier 44. Fig. 6 shows a schematic partial representation of an embodiment of a rapid charging system 57, which is designed in the manner of the rapid charging system from Fig. 1. Charging contact elements 58, 59 and 60 run parallel along a longitudinal axis 61 of a charging contact element carrier (not shown here).The charging contact element 58 serves to form a signal contact with a contact element 62 on a contact element carrier (not shown here), the charging contact element 59 serves to form a protective contact with a contact element 63, and the charging contact elements 60 serve to form power contacts with contact elements 64. A total of four charging contact elements 60 are present here, with only two contact elements 64 being available. All contact elements 62, 63, and 64 are arranged in a plane 65, which, in the contact position, runs orthogonally to the longitudinal axis 61 of the charging contact element carrier.

[0043] Fig. 7 shows a rapid charging system 66 in which, unlike the rapid charging system in Fig. 6, two additional contact elements 64 are present. Thus, a total of four power contacts can be formed between the charging contact elements 60 and the contact elements 64.

[0044] Fig. 8 shows a rapid charging system 67 in which, in contrast to the rapid charging system of Fig. 7, four additional contact elements 64 are provided. These contact elements 64 are arranged in a further plane 68, which, in the contact position, runs orthogonally to the longitudinal axis 61. The plane 65 is spaced from the further plane 68 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 61. In total, two contact elements 64 are assigned to each of the charging contact elements 60, so that eight power contacts can be formed in the contact position.

[0045] Fig. 9 shows a rapid charging system 69 in which, in contrast to the rapid charging system of Fig. 7, only two charging contacts 60 are provided. The charging contact elements 60 are each contacted with a contact element 64, with two further contact elements 64 being unused.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Rapid charging system (10, 42, 46, 57, 66, 67, 69) for electrically powered vehicles, in particular electric buses or the like, for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station, with a contact device (11, 47), a charging contact device (12, 43) and a positioning device (15), wherein the contact device or the charging contact device can be arranged on a vehicle, wherein the contact device can be electrically contacted with the charging contact device in a contact position, wherein by means of the positioning device the contact device can be positioned relative to the charging contact device and brought into the contact position, wherein the charging contact device has a charging contact element carrier (26, 44) with charging contact elements (40, 41, 45, 58, 59, 60), wherein the charging contact elements are each designed in strip form, wherein the contact device has a Contact element carrier ( 14,48) with contact elements (17, 31, 38, 39, 49, 62, 63, 64), wherein the contact elements in the contact position can be electrically contacted with the charging contact elements in order to form contact pairs, wherein the contact pairs can be formed for at least two power contacts of the quick charging system, characterized in that the charging contact element carrier has at least four charging contact elements and / or that the contact element carrier has at least four contact elements, wherein the charging contact elements are arranged relative to the contact elements in such a way that in the contact position at least two power contacts can be formed between two charging contact elements (45, 60) and two contact elements (17, 31, 49, 64).

2. Fast charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that two power contacts can be formed with just two contact elements (17, 31, 64).

3. Rapid charging system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the contact position, the formation of at least two further power contacts or the contacting of at least two contact elements (17, 31, 64) is omitted.

4. Rapid charging system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the contact position at least four power contacts can be formed between four charging contact elements (45, 60) and four contact elements (17, 49, 64).

5. Rapid charging system according to claim 4, characterized in that the contact element carrier (14, 48) has more than four contact elements (64), wherein at least two contact elements (64) along at least one charging contact element (60) can be contacted therewith.

6. Rapid charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charging contact elements (40, 41, 45, 58, 59, 60) are designed as conductor strips (36), wherein the conductor strips are arranged parallel to one another and in the direction of a longitudinal axis (61) of the charging contact element carrier (26, 44).

7. Rapid charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact elements (17, 31, 38, 39, 49, 62, 63, 64) are arranged in a plane (65) which, in the contact position, runs orthogonally to a longitudinal axis (61) of the charging contact element carrier (26, 44).

8. Rapid charging system according to claim 7, characterized in that the contact elements (64) are arranged in at least one further plane (68) which, in the contact position, runs orthogonally to the longitudinal axis (61), wherein the planes (65, 68) are spaced apart from one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis.

9. Rapid charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact pairs can be designed for power contacts, a signal contact and / or a protective contact of the rapid charging system (10, 42, 46, 57, 66, 67, 69).

10. Fast charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact elements (17, 31, 38, 39, 49, 62, 63, 64) each have a contact surface and the charging contact elements (40, 41, 45, 58, 59, 60) each form a charging contact surface, wherein the contact surfaces are each smaller than the charging contact surfaces.

11. Fast charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a current of at least 1000 A can be transmitted via the power contacts.

12. Rapid charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the positioning device (15) comprises a pantograph, a rocker (18) or a telescopic mast, by means of which the contact device (11, 47) can be positioned in the longitudinal direction and / or transverse direction relative to the charging contact device (12, 43) and can be brought into the contact position.

13. Rapid charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charging contact element carrier (26, 44) is designed as a roof-shaped longitudinal rail which can be arranged in a direction of travel (25) of the vehicle.

14. Rapid charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact device (11, 47) can be arranged on a vehicle roof and the charging contact device (12, 43) can be arranged on a stationary charging station or the charging contact device can be arranged on a vehicle roof and the contact device can be arranged on a stationary charging station.

15. Fast charging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the charging contact element carrier (26, 44) forms a receiving opening (34) for the contact element carrier (14, 48), wherein the contact element carrier can be inserted into the receiving opening of the charging contact element carrier or the contact element carrier forms a receiving opening for the charging contact element carrier, wherein the charging contact element carrier can be inserted into the receiving opening of the contact element carrier.

16. Charging infrastructure comprising at least two rapid charging systems (10, 42, 46, 57, 66, 67, 69), wherein at least one rapid charging system is a rapid charging system (10, 42, 46, 57, 66, 67, 69) according to one of the preceding claims.

17. Method for forming an electrically conductive connection between a vehicle and a stationary charging station, in particular for a rapid charging system (10, 42, 46, 57, 66, 67, 69) for electrically powered vehicles, such as electric buses or the like, with a contact device (11, 47), a charging contact device (12, 43) and a positioning device (15), wherein the contact device is used to electrically contact the charging contact device in a contact position, wherein the contact device is positioned relative to the charging contact device and brought into the contact position by means of the positioning device, wherein the charging contact device has a charging contact element carrier (26, 44) with charging contact elements (40, 41, 45, 58, 59, 60), wherein the charging contact elements are each strip-shaped, wherein the contact device has a contact element carrier (14, 48) with contact elements (17, 3 1 , 38, 39, 49, 62, 63 , 64),wherein the contact elements in the contact position are electrically contacted with the charging contact elements to form contact pairs, wherein the contact pairs are formed for at least two power contacts of the quick charging system, characterized in that the charging contact element carrier has at least four charging contact elements and / or that the contact element carrier has at least four contact elements, wherein the charging contact elements are arranged relative to the contact elements in such a way that in the contact position at least two power contacts are formed between two charging contact elements (45, 60) and two contact elements (17, 31, 49, 64).

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