Electric-motor cooling structure, electric motor, electric control device, and vehicle

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are an electric-motor cooling structure, an electric motor, an electric control device, and a vehicle. The electric-motor cooling structure comprises an oil collection chamber, a check valve, and an oil intake channel arranged at one end of the oil collection chamber, wherein the check valve is arranged in the oil intake channel and is configured to allow a cooling oil to flow unidirectionally from the oil intake channel into the oil collection chamber. The electric-motor cooling structure can provide an effect of stabilizing pressure during the process of oil-slinging cooling, thereby improving the stability of oil supply pressure.

Description

Motor cooling structure, motor, electronic control equipment and vehicle

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on March 27, 2024, with application number 202420620620.4; the entire contents of the above application are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application belongs to the field of motor technology, and in particular relates to a motor cooling structure, a motor, an electronic control device, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] In the oil-cooled motor of the related art, the rotation state of the central shaft is different at different speeds, and the penetration depth of the cooling oil is different. Technical issues

[0004] The amount of cooling oil sprayed from an oil-cooled motor varies greatly at different speeds, making it difficult to ensure the stability of the oil pressure when the cooling oil is sprayed. Technical Solutions

[0005] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a motor cooling structure, including an oil collecting chamber, a one-way valve, and an oil inlet channel arranged at one end of the oil collecting chamber, wherein the one-way valve is arranged in the oil inlet channel, and the one-way valve is configured to allow cooling oil to flow from the oil inlet channel into the oil collecting chamber in one direction.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a motor comprising the above-mentioned motor cooling structure.

[0007] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric control device, which includes the above-mentioned motor cooling structure or the above-mentioned motor.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned motor cooling structure; or, includes the above-mentioned motor; or, includes the above-mentioned electronic control device.

[0009] Beneficial effects of this application

[0010] The motor cooling structure provided by the present application is configured with an oil collecting chamber, a one-way valve, and an oil inlet channel, and the one-way valve is configured at the oil inlet channel so that the cooling oil can only flow into the oil collecting chamber in one direction from the oil inlet channel. When oil is supplied to the oil inlet channel and a certain oil pressure is reached, the cooling oil pushes open the one-way valve and enters the oil collecting chamber. On the one hand, the presence of the oil collecting chamber can provide a pressure stabilizing effect during the oil-throwing cooling process, thereby improving the stability of the oil supply pressure. On the other hand, due to the configuration of the one-way valve, the cooling oil in the oil collecting chamber can be stored in the oil collecting chamber when the motor stops working. The stored cooling oil can quickly achieve a stable supply of cooling oil when the motor is started next time, thereby improving the oil supply response speed.

[0011] The motor provided in this application has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned motor cooling structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0012] The electric control device provided in this application has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned motors, which will not be described in detail here.

[0013] The vehicle provided in this application has all the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned electronic control equipment, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a motor cooling structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the motor cooling structure shown in FIG1 from another angle;

[0016] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the motor cooling structure shown in FIG2 taken along line AA;

[0017] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of the motor cooling structure shown in FIG2 at BB;

[0018] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of the blocking cover in the motor cooling structure shown in FIG3 .

[0019] In the figure: 1. Central shaft; 11. Shaft body; 101. Oil collecting chamber; 102. Oil inlet passage; 103, 103a, 103b, 103c, 103d, First oil outlet; 104, Cooling chamber; 105, Second oil outlet; 12. Flow guide assembly; 121. Plug cover; 1211, 1211a, 1211b, 1211c, 1211d, Oil inlet; 1212, Oil passage; 122, 122a, 122b, 122c, 122d, Flow guide pipe; 1221, 1221a, 1221b, 1221c, 1221d, Flow guide passage; 13. Oil stabilizing ring; 13a, First oil ring; 13b, Second oil ring; 14, 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, Oil slinger pipe; 2. One-way valve; 3. Rotor core.

[0020] Implementation Methods of the Application

[0021] In related art, due to the high centrifugal force experienced by oil-cooled motors during operation, when the motor stops, the cooling oil in the oil inlet and oil-slinging holes may be completely ejected out of the central shaft due to inertia. Restarting the motor requires refilling the oil inlet with cooling oil. During this refilling process, high motor current and excessively high internal temperatures can easily damage the motor. Even if the motor is not damaged, it is difficult to maintain stable oil pressure during the discharge of the cooling oil until the oil inlet is fully filled with cooling oil.

[0022] In addition, when an oil-cooled motor is used in a vehicle, the motor will tilt or shake as the vehicle starts, stops, climbs a slope, or turns, causing the cooling oil in the oil inlet of the center shaft to overflow outside the center shaft as the motor tilts or swings. This will make the oil pressure in the oil inlet unstable. Before the cooling oil fills the oil inlet, it is difficult to ensure the stability of the oil pressure when the cooling oil is sprayed out.

[0023] Therefore, an embodiment of the present application provides a motor cooling structure to improve the stability of oil supply pressure.

[0024] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the motor cooling structure provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an oil collecting chamber 101, a one-way valve 2 and an oil inlet channel 102 arranged at one end of the oil collecting chamber 101. The one-way valve 2 is arranged in the oil inlet channel 102. The one-way valve 2 is configured to allow cooling oil to flow from the oil inlet channel 102 into the oil collecting chamber 101 in a one-way direction.

[0025] The motor cooling structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with an oil collecting chamber 101, a one-way valve 2 and an oil inlet channel 102, and the one-way valve 2 is provided in the oil inlet channel 102, so that cooling oil can only flow into the oil collecting chamber 101 in one direction from the oil inlet channel 102. When oil is supplied to the oil inlet channel 102 and a certain oil pressure is reached, the cooling oil pushes open the one-way valve 2 and enters the oil collecting chamber 101. On the one hand, the presence of the oil collecting chamber 101 can provide a pressure stabilizing effect during the oil-splitting cooling process, thereby improving the stability of the oil supply pressure. On the other hand, due to the provision of the one-way valve 2, the cooling oil in the oil collecting chamber 101 can be stored in the oil collecting chamber 101 when the motor stops working. The stored cooling oil can quickly achieve a stable supply of cooling oil when the motor is started next time, thereby improving the oil supply response speed.

[0026] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the motor cooling structure further includes a flow guide component 12, which is configured to connect the interior of the oil collecting chamber 101 and the exterior of the motor cooling structure, so that the cooling oil in the oil collecting chamber 101 can be thrown out to the outside of the motor cooling structure. The cooling oil thrown out to the outside of the motor cooling structure will cool and protect the rotor core 3 inside the motor, and can also cool and lubricate the bearings inside the motor.

[0027] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the guide assembly 12 includes an oil inlet hole 1211, an oil stabilizing ring 13 and a first oil outlet hole 103 that are connected in sequence. The oil inlet hole 1211 is connected to the inside of the oil collecting chamber 101, and the first oil outlet hole 103 is connected to the outside of the motor cooling structure. The oil stabilizing ring 13 is arranged along the circumference of the motor cooling structure, and the number of the oil inlet holes 1211 is consistent with the number of the first oil outlet holes 103.

[0028] The arrangement of the oil stabilizing ring 13 can not only achieve the communication between the oil inlet hole 1211 and the first oil outlet hole 103, but also provide a more stable oil supply process in cooperation with the oil collecting chamber 101, and the oil supply response during the startup process is faster.

[0029] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4 , multiple first oil outlet holes 103 are provided. These first oil outlet holes 103 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the motor cooling structure, and the center of each first oil outlet hole 103 is uniformly spaced from the axis of the motor cooling structure. Each first oil outlet hole 103 is arranged radially along the motor cooling structure. This arrangement of first oil outlet holes 103 allows for more uniform cooling oil discharge, preventing uneven cooling within the motor.

[0030] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the guide assembly 12 further includes a guide tube 122, one end of the guide tube 122 is connected to the first oil inlet hole 1211, and the other end of the guide tube 122 is connected to the oil stabilizing ring 13, thereby achieving communication between the first oil inlet hole 1211 and the oil stabilizing ring 13.

[0031] The guide pipe 122 is provided with a guide channel 1221 . The oil inlet hole 1211 is communicated with the oil inlet of the guide channel 1221 , and the oil outlet of the guide channel 1221 is communicated with the oil stabilizing ring 13 .

[0032] After the cooling oil enters the oil collecting chamber 101 through the oil inlet channel 102, it flows to the first oil outlet 103 through the oil inlet hole 1211 and the guide channel 1221 in sequence, thereby being thrown out. The structure of the guide pipe 122 can ensure the smooth throwing out of the cooling oil.

[0033] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 and FIG4 , the flow guide assembly 12 further includes an oil slinging pipe 14 , which connects the oil stabilizing ring 13 and the first oil outlet 103 to ensure smooth slinging of the cooling oil.

[0034] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, a plurality of guide assemblies 12 are provided, the oil stabilizing rings 13 of the plurality of guide assemblies 12 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure, and the first oil outlet holes 103 of the plurality of guide assemblies 12 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure.

[0035] By providing multiple flow guide assemblies 12, multiple oil stabilizing rings 13, and multiple first oil outlet holes 103, the cooling effect is improved. At the same time, each oil stabilizing ring 13 can provide stable pressure for the cooling oil entering the corresponding first oil outlet hole 103, thereby improving the uniformity of the oil distribution entering each first oil outlet hole 103.

[0036] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the motor cooling structure further includes a plugging cover 121 , and an oil inlet hole 1211 is provided on the plugging cover 121 to achieve communication between the oil inlet hole 1211 and the oil collecting chamber 101 and the first oil outlet hole 103 .

[0037] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the motor cooling structure also includes a cooling chamber 104 connected to the oil collecting chamber 101. The cooling chamber 104, the oil collecting chamber 101 and the motor cooling structure are coaxially arranged. The cooling chamber 104 and the oil collecting chamber 101 are connected through the oil hole 1212 on the plug cover 121, so that the cooling oil in the oil collecting chamber 101 can enter the cooling chamber 104.

[0038] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, a second oil outlet hole 105 is provided at one end of the cooling cavity 104 away from the oil hole 1212. By providing the second oil outlet hole 105, the cooling oil in the cooling cavity 104 can be circulated in one direction, that is, the cooling oil enters the cooling cavity 104 through the oil hole 1212 and is then discharged to the outside of the motor cooling structure through the second oil outlet hole 105.

[0039] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the motor cooling structure also includes a rotor core 3, which is sleeved on the outer shaft of the cooling cavity 104. The rotor core 3 and the cooling cavity 104 are coaxially arranged, and the first oil outlet 103 is at least partially arranged toward the rotor core 3.

[0040] On the one hand, by sleevedly mounting the rotor core 3 on the outer shaft of the cooling cavity 104, the cooling oil in the cooling cavity 104 can cool the center of the rotor core 3; on the other hand, by at least partially arranging the first oil outlet 103 toward the rotor core 3, the outer periphery of the rotor core 3 can be cooled.

[0041] In addition, the first oil outlet hole 103 can be exposed to the rotor core 3, thereby avoiding the rotor core 3 from blocking the first oil outlet hole 103, ensuring that the cooling oil can be thrown out from the first oil outlet hole 103, thereby achieving cooling of the rotor core 3 and cooling and lubrication of structures such as bearings.

[0042] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, among the multiple oil stabilizing rings 13 of the guide assembly, some of the oil stabilizing rings 13 are arranged on one side of the rotor core 3 along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure, and the remaining oil stabilizing rings 13 are arranged on the other side of the rotor core 3 along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure, so as to cool the rotor core 3 from both sides of the rotor core 3.

[0043] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 and FIG4 , each oil-slinging tube 14 can be interference-fitted with the rotor core 3 along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure, thereby pressing the oil-slinging tube 14 against the rotor core 3 to prevent collision when the rotor core 3 rotates at high speed and to avoid imbalance in the moment of inertia.

[0044] In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 5 , two flow guide assemblies 12 are provided. Correspondingly, two oil stabilizing rings 13 are provided: a first oil ring 13a and a second oil ring 13b. Axially, along the motor cooling structure, the first oil ring 13a is positioned on the side of the rotor core 3 closest to the one-way valve 2, while the second oil ring 13b is positioned on the side of the rotor core 3 farther from the one-way valve 2.

[0045] The plug cover 121 is provided with four oil inlet holes 1211 , namely, oil inlet hole 1211 a , oil inlet hole 1211 b , oil inlet hole 1211 c and oil inlet hole 1211 d .

[0046] There are four flow guide pipes 122, namely flow guide pipe 122a, flow guide pipe 122b, flow guide pipe 122c and flow guide pipe 122d. The flow guide pipe 122a is provided with a flow guide channel 1221a, the flow guide pipe 122b is provided with a flow guide channel 1221b, the flow guide pipe 122b is provided with a flow guide channel 1221c, and the flow guide pipe 122d is provided with a flow guide channel 1221d.

[0047] Oil inlet hole 1211a is connected to guide channel 1221a, oil inlet hole 1211b is connected to guide channel 1221b, oil inlet hole 1211c is connected to guide channel 1221c, and oil inlet hole 1211d is connected to guide channel 1221d. Guide channels 1221a and 1221b are connected to the first oil ring 13a, while guide channels 1221c and 1221d are connected to the second oil ring 13b.

[0048] There are four first oil outlet holes 103 , namely a first oil outlet hole 103 a , a first oil outlet hole 103 b , a first oil outlet hole 103 c and a first oil outlet hole 103 d .

[0049] Four oil-slinging pipes 14 are provided: 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d. Oil-slinging pipes 14a and 14b communicate with the first oil ring 13a, while oil-slinging pipes 14c and 14d communicate with the second oil ring 13b. Furthermore, the first oil outlet hole 103a communicates with the oil-slinging pipe 14a, the first oil outlet hole 103b communicates with the oil-slinging pipe 14b, the first oil outlet hole 103c communicates with the oil-slinging pipe 14c, and the first oil outlet hole 103d communicates with the oil-slinging pipe 14d. Consequently, the first oil outlet holes 103a and 103b communicate with the first oil ring 13a, while the first oil outlet holes 103c and 103d communicate with the second oil ring 13b.

[0050] The oil-slinging pipe 14 a , the oil-slinging pipe 14 b , the oil-slinging pipe 14 c and the oil-slinging pipe 14 d are respectively interference-fitted with the rotor core 3 .

[0051] In the first oil outlet hole 103a and the first oil outlet hole 103b connected to the first oil ring 13a, the center of the first oil outlet hole 103a and the center of the first oil outlet hole 103b are located on the same diameter of the motor cooling structure, that is, the line between the center of the first oil outlet hole 103a and the center of the first oil outlet hole 103b intersects with the central axis of the motor cooling structure, so that the first oil outlet hole 103a and the first oil outlet hole 103b are evenly (equally spaced) arranged along the circumference of the motor cooling structure, so that the cooling oil is thrown out more evenly, avoiding uneven cooling inside the motor.

[0052] In the first oil outlet hole 103c and the first oil outlet hole 103d connected to the second oil ring 13b, the center of the first oil outlet hole 103c and the center of the first oil outlet hole 103d are located on the same diameter of the motor cooling structure, that is, the line between the center of the first oil outlet hole 103c and the center of the first oil outlet hole 103d intersects with the central axis of the motor cooling structure, so that the first oil outlet hole 103c and the first oil outlet hole 103d are evenly (equally spaced) arranged along the circumference of the motor cooling structure, so that the cooling oil is thrown out more evenly, avoiding uneven cooling inside the motor.

[0053] Along the circumference of the motor cooling structure, the first oil outlet hole 103a, the first oil outlet hole 103d, the first oil outlet hole 103b and the first oil outlet hole 103c are arranged in sequence on the motor cooling structure. In the four oil-slinging tubes 14, the spacing between the first oil outlet hole 103a and the first oil outlet hole 103d, the spacing between the first oil outlet hole 103d and the first oil outlet hole 103b, the spacing between the first oil outlet hole 103b and the first oil outlet hole 103c, and the spacing between the first oil outlet hole 103c and the first oil outlet hole 103a are consistent, and the distance between the center of each first oil outlet hole 103 and the axis of the motor cooling structure is consistent, thereby improving the uniformity of the cooling oil throwing and avoiding uneven cooling inside the motor.

[0054] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 3 and 4 , along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure, the blocking cover 121 is located on the side of the rotor core 3 that is closest to the one-way valve 2. It is understood that along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure, the blocking cover 121 is located between the rotor core 3 and the one-way valve 2, and the flow guide tube 122 is provided on the side of the blocking cover 121 that faces away from the one-way valve 2.

[0055] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, the motor cooling structure also includes a central shaft 1, which is a hollow structure. The oil collecting chamber 101, the oil inlet channel 102, the first oil outlet hole 103, the cooling chamber 104 and the second oil outlet hole 105 are all arranged on the central shaft 1. The oil collecting chamber 101 and the cooling chamber 104 are separated by a blocking cover 121. The rotor core 3 is sleeved on the central shaft 1 at a position corresponding to the cooling chamber 104 to cool the center of the rotor core 3 through the cooling chamber 104.

[0056] In one embodiment, the central shaft 1 includes a shaft body 11 , and the shaft body 11 is a hollow structure.

[0057] In one embodiment, the oil inlet end of each oil inlet hole 1211 can be designed as a throttle port, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil inlet end of each oil inlet hole 1211 is simultaneously smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil outlet end of the corresponding oil inlet hole 1211, the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide channel 1221, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first oil outlet hole 103, making the oil inlet end of the oil inlet hole 1211 the throttling position of the entire oil supply pipeline. The oil passage hole 1212 is also designed as a throttle port with a smaller cross-sectional area than the oil outlet hole 105, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil passage hole 1212 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil outlet hole 105. Furthermore, by controlling the relative cross-sectional area ratios between the oil inlets of different oil inlet holes 1211 and the oil passage holes 1212, the oil distribution ratio between the different first oil outlet holes 103 and the oil outlet hole 105 can be controlled. The oil inlets of different oil inlet holes 1211 and the oil passage holes 1212 are opened at similar radial positions (different circumferential positions). During the rotation of the central shaft 1, the oil inlet of each oil inlet hole 1211 and the oil passage hole 1212 have the same platform and opportunity for oil distribution.

[0058] The motor provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the motor cooling structure provided in the above embodiment. Preferably, the motor is an oil-cooled motor.

[0059] The electronic control device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the motor cooling structure provided in the above embodiment or the motor provided in the above embodiment.

[0060] The vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the motor cooling structure provided in the above embodiments, or includes the motor provided in the above embodiments, or includes the electronic control device provided in the above embodiments.

Claims

1. A motor cooling structure, comprising an oil collecting chamber, a one-way valve, and an oil inlet channel arranged at one end of the oil collecting chamber, wherein the one-way valve is arranged in the oil inlet channel, and the one-way valve is configured to allow cooling oil to flow from the oil inlet channel into the oil collecting chamber in a one-way direction.

2. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein: The motor cooling structure further includes a flow guide component, which is configured to connect the interior of the oil collecting cavity and the exterior of the motor cooling structure.

3. The motor cooling structure according to claim 2, wherein: The guide assembly includes an oil inlet hole, an oil stabilizing ring and a first oil outlet hole that are connected in sequence. The oil inlet hole is connected to the interior of the oil collecting cavity, and the first oil outlet hole is connected to the outside of the motor cooling structure. The oil stabilizing ring is arranged along the circumference of the motor cooling structure, and the number of the oil inlet holes is consistent with the number of the first oil outlet holes.

4. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein: The first oil outlet hole is arranged along the radial direction of the motor cooling structure; There are a plurality of first oil outlet holes, and the plurality of first oil outlet holes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the motor cooling structure, and the distances between the centers of the first oil outlet holes and the axis of the motor cooling structure are consistent.

5. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein: The flow guide assembly further includes a flow guide pipe, one end of which is communicated with the first oil inlet hole, and the other end of which is communicated with the oil stabilizing ring.

6. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein: The flow guide assembly further includes an oil throwing pipe, which is connected between the oil stabilizing ring and the first oil outlet hole.

7. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein: There are multiple flow guide assemblies, and the oil stabilizing rings of the multiple flow guide assemblies are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure. The oil outlet holes of the multiple flow guide assemblies are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure.

8. The motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein: The motor cooling structure further comprises a plugging cover, and the oil inlet hole is arranged on the plugging cover.

9. The motor cooling structure according to claim 8, wherein: The motor cooling structure further includes a cooling cavity. The cooling cavity, the oil collecting cavity and the motor cooling structure are coaxially arranged. The cooling cavity and the oil collecting cavity are communicated with each other through the oil hole on the plugging cover.

10. The motor cooling structure according to claim 9, wherein: A second oil outlet hole is provided at one end of the cooling cavity away from the oil hole.

11. The motor cooling structure according to claim 9, wherein: The motor cooling structure further includes a rotor core, which is sleeved on the outer shaft of the cooling cavity. The rotor core and the cooling cavity are coaxially arranged, and the first oil outlet is at least partially arranged toward the rotor core.

12. The motor cooling structure according to claim 11, wherein: Among the multiple oil stabilizing rings of the guide assembly, some of the oil stabilizing rings are arranged on one side of the rotor core along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure, and the remaining oil stabilizing rings are arranged on the other side of the rotor core along the axial direction of the motor cooling structure.

13. A motor comprising the motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. An electric control device comprising the motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or the motor according to claim 13.

15. A vehicle comprising the motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12; or, comprising the motor according to claim 13; or, comprising the electronic control device according to claim 14.

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