Cold flow property improvement of pyrolysis oils

Abstract

The present invention concerns the improvement of cold flow properties of pyrolysis oils. The pyrolysis oils are manufactured by pyrolysis from plastic waste. The pour point of pyrolysis oils is lowered in a process according to the present invention by adding at least one polymer is selected from polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from: (A) 60.0 − 96.0 wt.-% of a C12 − C16 alkyl methacrylate; and (B) 40.0 − 4.0 wt.-% of a C18 − C30 alkyl methacrylate. Thereby, the cold flow properties of pyrolysis oils are improved. The present invention further concerns pyrolysis oils which further comprise said at least one polymer and the use of said at least one polymer to improve the cold flow properties of such pyrolysis oils.

Description

Cold flow property improvement of pyrolysis oilsTechnical areaThe present invention relates to a process for improving the cold flow properties of pyrolysis oils manufactured from plastic waste and to pyrolysis oils manufactured from plastic waste which have improved cold flow properties.Background of the inventionPyrolysis oils manufactured by pyrolysis from plastic waste often have a pour point in the range of 0 to 15 °C or above. Such a high pour point has a negative influence on the cold flow properties of such pyrolysis oils, especially when the temperature of the environment is at the same level of the pyrolysis oil pour point or below. Hence, handling of such pyrolysis oils in e.g., a typical central European winter can be difficult or even impossible without utilizing heated equipment such as pipelines, tubing, (storage) tanks and the like. Such equipment is more expensive than comparable equipment without heating capabilities, particularly because the flame point of such pyrolysis oils is often about or even below 50 °C. Further, heating of such equipment consumes energy which has a negative impact on our climate. Improved cold flow properties result for example in better transportability and / or pumpability of pyrolysis oils and blends comprising such pyrolysis oil through pipelines, tubes, machinery, and the like.An established method to decrease the pour point of refined oils and related liquids derived from fossil sources utilizes added pour point depressants. However, due to fundamentally different composition of on the one hand oils derived from fossil oils and on the other pyrolysis oils which are manufactured by pyrolysis from plastic waste, such pour point depressants are not expected to influence the pour point of such pyrolysis oils significantly. Pyrolysis oils have a higher content of heteroatoms such as N, 0 and S and a higher concentration of olefins and aromatics compared to oils derived from fossil sources which have a very high concentration of alkanes instead. Accordingly, such pyrolysis oils are considered "non-refined oils” in respect to refined oils from fossil source.It is known that "pour point depressants have little or no effect on non-refined oils; also, these compounds have themselves some pour-point depressant effect, they act as antagonists towards synthetic pour-point depressants” (Lubricants and Special Fluids (Tribology Series, 23), V. Stepina, V. Vesely, Elsevier 1992, pages 372-375).Cold-flow additives for plastic-derived synthetic feedstocks selected from vinyl carboxylic acid ester polymers, alpha olefin maleic anhydride polymers, or combinations thereof are disclosed in WO 2022056212 A1.Cold-flow additives for heavy marine fuel oils selected from vinyl acetate copolymers and / or polymethacrylates are disclosed in ON 106554828A.It is an objective of the present invention to provide a process for improving the cold flow properties of pyrolysis oils manufactured from plastic waste and blends comprising at least one pyrolysis oil manufactured from plastic waste.It is a further objective of the present invention to provide pyrolysis oils manufactured from pyrolysis of plastic waste and blends comprising at least one of such pyrolysis oils which have improved cold flow properties.Summary of the inventionThese problems are solved by a process for improving the cold flow properties of a pyrolysis oil, the process comprising the steps(i) providing a pyrolysis oil wherein said pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of plastic waste,(ii) providing at least one polymer, wherein the at least one polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate,(iii) adding the at least one polymer provided in step (ii) to said pyrolysis oil provided in step (i) and thereby improving the cold flow properties of said pyrolysis oil.The pyrolysis oil formed in step (iii) is the product of the process according to the present invention.These problems are further solved by a pyrolysis oil having a bromine number of 2 g Br2 / 100g to 150 g Br2 / 100g (determined by ASTM 1159) and / or a C5 hydrocarbon content of 0.03 wt.-% to 12.2 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a naphthalene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 18.4 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a styrene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 29.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a toluene content of 0.25 wt.-% to 71.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a viscosity (measured at 40 °C according to DIN 53019 in the range of 0.5 mPas to 10 mPas and / or a flash point (measured according to DIN EN ISO 2719) in the range of 10 °C to 75 °C and / or a C11 to C21 content (measured according to ASTM D 5134) in the range of 5 wt.-% to 70 wt.- % and further comprising at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60.0 - 96.0 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40.0 - 4.0 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate.These problems are further solved by using at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate in a pyrolysis oil for improving the cold flow properties of said pyrolysis oil wherein said pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of plastic waste.Detailed description of the inventionThe present invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications of these embodiments, combinations of these embodiments orsubstitutions within the basic spirit of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention as claimed.Definitions:In the context of the present description and the accompanying claims, the term "about” preferably means a deviation of the thus described value of ±10 %. In the context of the present invention, the term “combinations thereof' is inclusive of one or more of the recited elements. In the context of the present invention, the term “mixture thereof” is inclusive of one or more of the recited elements.“ppm” is defined herein as “parts per million” mass by volume and corresponds to mg / l. “ppmv” is defined herein as “parts per million volume” and is dimensionless.“Pour point” is defined herein as the lowest temperature at which a liquid, such as a pyrolysis oil or diesel fuel, will flow under specific test conditions. The pour point is an important “cold flow” property for liquids that are used in cold environments or are transported over distances, as a high pour point can cause the liquid to become viscous and difficult to pump or flow through pipelines, tubing, or machinery. The pour point of a pyrolysis oil or blends comprising at least one pyrolysis oil can be determined by the method according to DIN ISO 3016:2019 and the method according to ASTM D7346-15.The phrase "monomer units formed from" refers to the monomer units of the polymer formed after a monomer is reacted. For example, a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate monomer polymerizes to give a polymer with a unit derived from the 012 - 016 alkyl methacrylate. Likewise, a 018 - 030 alkyl methacrylate monomer polymerizes to give a polymer with a unit derived from the 018 - 030 alkyl methacrylate.In the context of the present invention, the term “pyrolysis” relates to a thermal decomposition or degradation of plastic waste (“feedstock”) under inert conditions and results in a gas, a liquid, and a solid char fraction. During the pyrolysis, the feedstock is converted in a pyrolysis unit into a great variety of chemicals including gases such as H2, Ci- to 04-alkanes, C2- to 04-alkenes, ethyne, propyne, 1 -butyne, pyrolysis oil having a boiling temperature of 25 °C to 500 °C or more and char. The direct products from such a pyrolysis are “pyrolysis gas” and solid products. The liquid product “pyrolysis oil” is then separated by condensation from the “pyrolysis gas”. The term “pyrolysis” includes slow pyrolysis, fast pyrolysis, flash pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis. These pyrolysis types differ regarding process temperature, heating rate, residence time, feedstock particle size, etc. resulting in different product quality. The pyrolysis unit may be operated adiabatically, isothermally, nonadiabatically, non-isothermally, or combinations thereof. The pyrolysis reactions of this disclosure may be carried out in a single stage or in multiple stages. For example, the pyrolysis unit can comprise two reactor vessels fluidly connected in series. Accordingly, “pyrolysis oils” are manufactured from “plastic waste” by a pyrolysis process.In the context of the present invention, the term "pyrolysis oil” is understood to mean any oil originating from the pyrolysis of plastic waste. The term "plastic waste” includes rubber waste such as end-of-life tires, feedstocks comprising plastic waste such as mixed plastic waste (MPW) and feedstocks derived from automotive shredder residue (ASR). The pyrolysis oil is obtained and / or obtainable from pyrolysis of such plastic waste.In the context of the present invention, the term "plastic waste” preferably refers to any plastic material discarded after use, i.e., the plastic material has reached the end of its useful life and is considered post-consumer waste. The plastic waste can be pure polymeric plastic waste, mixed plastic waste or film waste, including soiling, adhesive materials, fillers, residues etc. The plastic waste may have an oxygen content, a nitrogen content, sulfur content, halogen content and optionally also a heavy metal content. The plastic waste can originate from any plastic material containing source.Accordingly, the term "plastic waste” includes industrial and domestic plastic waste and including used tires and agricultural and horticultural plastic material.Typically, plastic waste is a mixture of different plastic materials, including hydrocarbon plastics, e.g., polyolefins such as polyethylene (HDPE, LDPE) and polypropylene, polystyrene, and copolymers thereof, etc., and polymers composed of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements such as chlorine, fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicone, etc., for example chlorinated plastics, such as polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), etc., nitrogencontaining plastics, such as polyamides (PA), polyurethanes (PU), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), etc., oxygen-containing plastics such as polyesters, e.g., polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), etc., silicones and / or sulfur bridges crosslinked rubbers.Typically, the plastic material comprises additives, such as processing aids, plasticizers, flame retardants, pigments, light stabilizers, lubricants, impact modifiers, antistatic agents, antioxidants, etc. These additives may comprise elements other than carbon and hydrogen. For example, bromine is mainly found in connection to flame retardants. Heavy metal compounds may be used as lightfast pigments and / or stabilizers in plastics. Cadmium, zinc, and lead may be present in heat stabilizers and slip agents used in plastics manufacturing. The plastic waste can also contain residues. Residues in the sense of the invention are contaminants adhering to the plastic waste. The additives and residues are usually present in an amount of less than 50 wt.-%, preferably less than 30 wt.-%, more preferably less than 20 wt.-%, even more preferably less than 10 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the dry weight plastic.Examples of rubber waste (which is also considered "plastic waste” in the sense of the present invention) include end-of-life tires, rubber waste produced during manufacturing processes and discarded rubber containing products such as latex examining gloves and gaskets. End-of-life tires comprise further ingredients such as textiles and organic and inorganic additives which may be separated from the rubber portion of end-of-life tires prior to pyrolysis. Pyrolysis oils obtained by pyrolysis of (predominantly) end-of-life tires are also known as tire pyrolysis oils (TPO).To obtain the pyrolysis oil according to the present invention, the feedstock is inserted into a pyrolysis reactor using a dosing unit such as a screw, an extruder, a rotary valve, a pneumatic conveyor or a liquid injector. The feedstock is optionally pre-heated in e.g., a heat exchanger prior to insertion into the pyrolysis reactor and / or subjected to a prepyrolysis at a temperature in the range of, for example, from about 200 °C to about 360 °C. Next, the feedstock is heated in the pyrolysis reactor to a temperature in the range of from about 350 °C to about 900 °C, more preferably in the range of from 400 °C to about 550 °C, and a pressure in the range of from about 0.5 bar to about 2 bar(abs), more preferably in the range of from 0.9 bar to about 1.5 bar(abs).The pyrolysis reactor is preferably selected from the group comprising fluidized bed reactors, moving bed reactors, entrained flow reactors, screw reactors, extruders, stirred tank reactors and rotary kiln reactor. Preferably, the pyrolysis is performed in the pyrolysis reactor under an inert atmosphere exempt of oxygen or air. Preferably, water and / or hydrogen are not purposedly added for the pyrolysis.Pyrolysis processes as such are known. They are described, e.g., in EP 0713906 A1 and WO 95 / 03375 A1. Suitable pyrolysis oils are also commercially available. The pyrolysis oil is typically a liquid at 15 °C or a wax at said temperature. "Liquid at 15 °C” in the terms of the present invention means that the pyrolysis oil has a density of at most 1.3 g / ml, e.g., a density preferably in the range from 0.65 to 0.98 g / ml, at 15 °C and 1013 mbar, as determined according to DIN EN ISO 12185.Optionally, the pyrolysis oil is subjected to one or more methods selected from filtration, centrifugation, adsorption, washing, extraction, distillation, hydrotreatment before provided in step (I). Such optional pre-treatment methods are for example described in WO 2021 / 224287 A1, WO 2023 / 061834 A1, EP 0713906 A1 and WO 95 / 03375 A1 which are incorporated herein by reference. A skilled person knows how and in which cases to use pre-treatment methods disclosed in said documents and comparable pre-treatment methods disclosed elsewhere.A pyrolysis oil or a blend comprising at least one pyrolysis oil is provided in step (I) of the process according to the present invention. The pyrolysis oil or the at least one pyrolysis oil in the blend are manufactured by pyrolysis from plastic waste as described above. Preferably, the pyrolysis oil or the at least one pyrolysis oil in the blend is manufactured by pyrolysis from mixed plastic waste. More preferably, the mixed plastic waste comprises at least one member of the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, polybutylene, polybutadiene or ethylene-propylene-diene rubber and copolymers thereof.The pyrolysis oil preferably has a pour point in the range of -30 to -+60 °C, more preferably -10 to +30 °C.The pyrolysis oil provided in step (I) preferably has a bromine number of 2 g Br2 / 100g to 150 g Br2 / 100g (determined by ASTM 1159) and / or a C5 hydrocarbon content of 0.03 wt.-% to 12.2 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a naphthalene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 18.4 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a styrene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 29.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a toluene content of 0.25 wt.-% to 71.5 wt.-%(determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a viscosity (measured at 40 °C according to DIN 53019 in the range of 0.5 mPas to 10 mPas and / or a flash point (measured according to DIN EN ISO 2719) in the range of 10 °C to 75 °C and / or a C11 to C21 content (measured according to ASTM D 5134) in the range of 5 wt.-% to 70 wt.-%. Such pyrolysis oils are particularly suited for the process, the pyrolysis oil and the use according to the present invention.The pyrolysis oil provided in step (I) can be a single pyrolysis oil manufactured in a single batch or more than one batches.At least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate is provided in step (II) of the process according to the present invention.Preferably component (A) is 65 to 95 wt.-% of the formed polyalkyl methacrylate copolymer and component (B) is 35 to 5 wt.-% of the formed polyalkyl methacrylate copolymer.The weight percentages (wt.-%) of components (A) and (B) of the formed alkyl methacrylate are calculated by taking the total weight of component (A) or (B) over the total weight of the formed polyalkyl methacrylate copolymer multiplied by 100. The basis weight of the formed copolymer is the copolymer per se and does not include the diluent.The term "C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate” means an alkyl ester of methacrylic acid having a straight or branched ester alkyl group of 12 to 16 carbon atoms, such as lauryl methacrylate, myristyl methacrylate, cetyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, tridecyl methacrylate, tetradecyl methacrylate, pentadecyl methacrylate, hexadecyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof.The preferred source for the C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate esters is lauryl methacrylate which contains a mixture of methacrylate esters formed from a mixture of C12 - C16 alkyl alcohols. For example, about 60 to about 96 wt.-% lauryl methacrylate esters as component (A), more preferably, about 65 to about 95 wt.-% lauryl methacrylate esters as component (A) make up the formed polymethacrylate copolymer.The term "C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate” means an alkyl ester of methacrylic acid having a straight chain or branched alkyl group of 18 to 30 carbon atoms per group, such as stearyl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, heptadecyl methacrylate, nonadecyl methacrylate, eicosyl methacrylate, henicosyl methacrylate, docosyl methacrylate, tricosyl methacrylate, tetracosylmethacrylate, pentacosyl methacrylate, hexacosyl methacrylate, octacosyl methacrylate, nonacosyl methacrylate, triacontyl methacrylate, behenyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof.A preferred source for the C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate esters is behenyl methacrylate esters. Behenyl methacrylate contains a range of long chain methacrylate esters wherein the length of the ester chain ranges from C18 to C22. The behenyl methacrylate is substantially linear and contains primarily C18 - C22 alkyl methacrylates. Behenyl methacrylate may contain a small amount of C16 alkyl.Preferably, 40 to 5 wt.-% of behenyl methacrylate esters as component (B) make up the polyalkyl methacrylate copolymer provided in step (II).The at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from: (A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and (B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate preferably has a mass average molecular weight Mwfrom 5.000 to 250.000 g / mol, more preferably from 10.000 to 150.000 g / mol and most preferably from 25.000 to 100.000 g / mol.The molecular weight distribution preferably ranges from about 1 .5 to about 2.5. The molecular weight distribution is defined as the ratio of the mass average molecular weight Mwto the number average molecular weight Mn.The mass average molecular weight Mwis preferably determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a polymethyl methacrylate standard. The determined mass average molecular weight Mwis therefore relative to the standard not absolute.Component (A) is a straight chain or branched alkyl ester of methacrylic acid selected from the group consisting of lauryl methacrylate, myristyl methacrylate, cetyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, tridecyl methacrylate, tetradecyl methacrylate, pentadecyl methacrylate, hexadecyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof.Component (B) is a straight chain or branched alkyl ester of methacrylic acid selected from the group consisting of stearyl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, nonadecyl methacrylate, eicosyl methacrylate, henicosyl methacrylate, docosyl methacrylate, tricosyl methacrylate, tetracosylmethacrylate, pentacosyl methacrylate, hexacosyl methacrylate, octacosyl methacrylate, nonacosyl methacrylate, triacontyl methacrylate and behenyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof.Most preferably, component (A) is lauryl methacrylate and component (B) is behenyl methacrylate.In the above definition of the C12 - C16 alkyl residue in monomer unit (A) is selected from dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eggcosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl as well as the corresponding positional isomers; and the C18 - C30 alkyl residue in monomer unit (B) is selected from octacosyl, nonacosyl, squalyl and the higher homologues as well as the corresponding positional isomers.C12 - C16 alkyl residues in monomer unit (A) having an even carbon number are preferred.C18 - C30 alkyl residues in monomer unit (B) having an even carbon number are preferred.The synthesis of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate is described in EP 2081970 B1, paragraphs [0058-66],In another aspect of the present invention, at least one polyalkyl methacrylate copolymer comprising monomer units formed from: (A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and (B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate ("polymer 1”) is provided in step (II) and at least one further polymer ("polymer 2”) are provided in step (II) and then added in step (ill) to the pyrolysis oil or a blend comprising at least one pyrolysis oil provided in step (I).Thereby the cold flow properties of the pyrolysis oil can be even more improved. More preferably, the ratio of "polymer 1” to "polymer 2” ranges from 1 : 9 to 9 : 1, more preferably from 2 : 8 to 8 : 2.The at least one polymer provided in step (II) is added in step (ill) to the pyrolysis oil provided in step (I). Thereby, the cold flow properties of the pyrolysis oil are improved by lowering the pour point of said pyrolysis oil.The at least one polymer can be added to the pyrolysis oil by pouring the polymer into the pyrolysis oil. Preferably, the pyrolysis oil is agitated to enable a uniform distribution of the at least one polymer in the pyrolysis oil.The concentration of the at least one polymer in the pyrolysis oil, or in case more than one polymer is provided in step (ii) and added in step (iii), the total concentration of all polymers provided in step (ii) and added in step (iii) added preferably ranges from 10 to 3500 ppmv, more preferably from 20 to 3000 ppmv and most preferably from 50 to 2500 ppmv.The uniform distribution of the at least one polymer in the pyrolysis oil can be improved when the at least one polymer is added to the pyrolysis oil in form of a solution or dispersion.Optionally, the at least one polymer is provided in a diluent in step (ii). Suitable diluents are, for example, fractions obtained in petroleum processing, such as kerosene, naphtha or bright stock ("base oil”). Aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons and alkoxyalkanols are also suitable. In the case of middle distillates, particularly preferred diluents for diesel fuels and heating oils, naphtha, kerosene, diesel fuels, aromatic hydrocarbons, such as heavy solvent naphtha, Solvesso or Shellsol®, and mixtures of these solvents and diluents.The polymer according to the invention is preferably present in the solutions or dispersions in an amount of 0.1 to 80 wt.-%, more preferably 1 to 70 wt.-% and most preferably 20 to 60 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the solution or dispersion.The at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate can be used in a pyrolysis oil or blend comprising at least one pyrolysis oil for improving the cold flow properties of said pyrolysis oil wherein said pyrolysis oil was manufactured by a pyrolysis of plastic waste. The pour point of the pyrolysis oil is preferably lowered after addition of said at least one polymer. Thereby, the cold flow properties of the pyrolysis oil are improved.Optionally, at least one paraffin dispersant is added to the pyrolysis oil or blend comprising at least one pyrolysis oil provided in step (i) of the process according to the present invention. Preferably, the optional at least one paraffin dispersant is preferably added to the pyrolysis oil in step (iii).Optionally, the pyrolysis oil according to the present invention further comprises at least one paraffin dispersant.Such paraffin dispersants can be added to prevent wax settling in the pyrolysis oil. The paraffin dispersants are thought to work by disrupting the formation of wax crystals, making the wax crystals smaller and thereby preventing the buildup of solid wax and further improving the cold flow properties of the pyrolysis oil.The at least one optional paraffin dispersant is preferable selected from the group comprising polyacrylates, formaldehyde coupled phenols, and the condensation products of aliphatic fattyamines, alkylsuccinimides, phthalimides, and glutarimides with carbonyl compounds.Particularly suitable paraffin dispersants are disclosed in WO 2021 / 126342 A1.The concentration of the at least one optional paraffin dispersant or in case more than one paraffin dispersant are added to the pyrolysis oil, the sum of all paraffin dispersant together preferably ranges from 10 to 1500 ppmv, more preferably from 20 to 1200 ppmv and most preferably from 50 to 1000 ppmv.The present invention is further illustrated by the following set of embodiments and combinations of embodiments resulting from the dependencies and back-references as indicated. In particular, it is noted that in each instance where a range of embodiments is mentioned, for example in the context of a term such as "The method / process of any of embodiments 1 to 3", every embodiment in this range is meant to be explicitly disclosed for the skilled person, i.e. the wording of this term is to be understood by the skilled person as being synonymous to "The method / process of any of embodiments 1, 2 and 3". Further, it is explicitly noted that the following set of embodiments represents asuitably structured part of the general description directed to preferred aspects of the present invention, and thus, suitably supports the claims of the present invention.1. Process for improving the cold flow properties of a pyrolysis oil, the process comprising the steps(i) providing a pyrolysis oil wherein said pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of plastic waste,(ii) providing at least one polymer, wherein the at least one polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate,(iii) adding the at least one polymer provided in step (ii) to said pyrolysis oil provided in step (i) and thereby improving the cold flow properties of said pyrolysis oil.2. Process according to embodiment 1 wherein the pyrolysis oil preferably has a bromine number of2 g Br2 / 100g to 150 g Br2 / 100g (determined by ASTM 1159) and / or a C5 hydrocarbon content of 0.03 wt.-% to 12.2 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a naphthalene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 18.4 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a styrene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 29.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a toluene content of 0.25 wt.-% to 71 .5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a viscosity (measured at 40 °C according to DIN 53019 in the range of 0.5 mPas to 10 mPas and / or a flash point (measured according to DIN EN ISO 2719) in the range of 10 °C to 75 °C and / or a C11 to C21 content (measured according to ASTM D 5134) in the range of 5 wt.-% to 70 wt.-%.3. Process according to any one of embodiments 1 or 2 wherein the pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste.4. Process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3 wherein (A) is a straight chain or branched alkyl ester of methacrylic acid selected from the group consisting of lauryl methacrylate, myristyl methacrylate, cetyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, tridecyl methacrylate, tetradecyl methacrylate, pentadecyl methacrylate, hexadecyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof.5. Process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 4 wherein (B) comprises about 40 to about 50 wt.-% C18 alkyl methacrylate, about 5 to about 15 wt.-% C20 alkyl methacrylate and about 40 to about 50 wt.-% C22 alkyl methacrylate based on the total weight of (B) in the at least one polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers provided in step (ii).6. Process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5 wherein (A) is lauryl methacrylate and (B) is behenyl methacrylate.7. Process according to any of embodiments 1 to 6 wherein said polymer has a mass average molecular weight Mwfrom 5.000 to 250.000 g / mol, more preferably from 10.000 to 150.000 g / mol and most preferably from 25.000 to 100.000 g / mol.8. Process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7 wherein the concentration of said at least one polymer in said pyrolysis oil preferably ranges from 10 to 3500 ppmv, more preferably from 20 to 3000 ppmv and most preferably from 50 to 2500 ppmv.9. Process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 8 wherein the pyrolysis oil further comprises at least one paraffin dispersant, wherein said paraffin dispersant is selected from the group comprising polyacrylates, formaldehyde coupled phenols, and the condensation products of aliphatic fattyamines, alkylsuccinimides, phthalimides, and glutarimides with carbonyl compounds.10. Process according to embodiment 9 wherein the concentration of the at least one paraffin dispersant in said pyrolysis oil ranges from 10 to 1500 ppmv, more preferably from 20 to 1200 ppmv and most preferably from 50 to 1000 ppmv.11 . Process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, comprising the step: converting the product of the process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10 or a chemical material obtainable by or obtained by the process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10 to obtain a product PRF1.12. Process according to embodiment 11, wherein the product PRF1 is selected from:I) building block or monomer; orII) polymer, preferably polymer A, polymer composition, preferably polymer composition A, or polymer product, preferably polymer product A; or ill) cleaning polymer, cleaning surfactant, descaling compound, cleaning biocide or composition or formulation thereof; or iv) agrochemical composition, agrochemical formulation auxiliary or agrochemically active ingredient; or v) active pharmaceutical ingredient or intermediate thereof, pharmaceutical excipient, animal feed additive, human food additive, dietary supplements, aroma chemical or aroma composition; or vi) aqueous polymer dispersion, preferably polyurethane or polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybrid polymer dispersion, emulsion, binder for paper and fiber coatings, UV-curable acrylic polymer for hot melts and coatings polyisocyanates, hyperbranched polyester polyol, polymeric dispersant for inorganic binder compositions, unsaturated polyester polyol or 100% curable composition; or vii) cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter, further cosmetic ingredient or composition or formulation thereof; orviii) polymer B, polymer composition B, coating composition, other functional composition, foil, molded body, coating or coated substrate.13. A pyrolysis oil having a bromine number of 2 g Br2 / 100g to 150 g Br2 / 100g (determined by ASTM 1159) and / or a C5 hydrocarbon content of 0.03 wt.-% to 12.2 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a naphthalene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 18.4 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a styrene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 29.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a toluene content of 0.25 wt.-% to 71 .5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a viscosity (measured at 40 °C according to DIN 53019 in the range of0.5 mPas to 10 mPas and / or a flash point (measured according to DIN EN ISO 2719) in the range of 10 °C to 75 °C and / or a C11 to C21 content (measured according to ASTM D 5134) in the range of 5 wt.-% to 70 wt.- %, and further comprising at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60.0 - 96.0 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40.0 - 4.0 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate.14. Pyrolysis oil according to embodiment 13 wherein said pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste.15. Pyrolysis oil according to embodiment 13 or 14 wherein (A) is a straight chain or branched alkyl ester of methacrylic acid selected from the group consisting of lauryl methacrylate, myristyl methacrylate, cetyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, tridecyl methacrylate, tetradecyl methacrylate, pentadecyl methacrylate, hexadecyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof and / or wherein (B) comprises about 40 to about 50 wt.-% C18 alkyl methacrylate, about 5 to about 15 wt.-% C20 alkyl methacrylate and about 40 to about 50 wt.-% C22 alkyl methacrylate based on the total weight of (B) in the at least one polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers provided in step (II).16. Pyrolysis oil according to embodiment 15 wherein the C12 - C16 alkyl residue in monomer units (A) is selected from the group consisting of dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, and positional isomers thereof.17. Pyrolysis oil according to embodiment 14 or 15 wherein the C18 - C30 alkyl residue in monomer units (B) is selected from the group consisting of octadecyl, nonadecyl, eggcosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, and positional isomers thereof.18. Pyrolysis oil according to any one of embodiments 14 to 17 wherein the concentration of said at least one polymer in the pyrolysis oil ranges from 10 to 3500 ppmv, more preferably from 20 to 3000 ppmv and most preferably from 50 to 2500 ppmv.19. Pyrolysis oil according to any one of embodiments 14 to 18 wherein the pyrolysis oil further comprises at least one paraffin dispersant, wherein said paraffin dispersant is selected from the group comprising polyacrylates, formaldehyde coupled phenols, and the condensation products of aliphatic fattyamines, alkylsuccinimides, phthalimides, and glutarimides with carbonyl compounds.20. Pyrolysis oil according to embodiment 19 wherein the concentration of the at least one paraffin dispersant in the pyrolysis oil ranges from 10 to 1000 ppmv, more preferably from 20 to 800 ppmv and most preferably from 50 to 600 ppmv.21 . Use of at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60.0 - 96.0 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40.0 - 4.0 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate in a pyrolysis oil for improving the cold flow properties of said pyrolysis oil wherein said pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of plastic waste.22. Use according to embodiment 21 wherein the polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprises monomer units formed from: (A) 60.0 - 96.0 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and (B) 40.0 - 4.0 wt.-% of aC18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate.23. Use according to embodiment 21 or 22 wherein C12 - C16 alkyl residue in monomer units (A) is selected from the group consisting of dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, and positional isomers thereof.24. Use according to any one of embodiments 21 to 23 wherein the C18 - C30 alkyl residue in monomer units (B) is selected from the group consisting of octadecyl, nonadecyl, eggcosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, and positional isomers thereof.25. Use according to any one of embodiments 21 to 24 wherein the concentration of said at least one polymer in said pyrolysis oil preferably ranges from 10 to 3500 ppmv, more preferably from 20 to 3000 ppmv and most preferably from 50 to 2500 ppmv.26. Use according to any one of embodiments 21 to 25 wherein the pyrolysis oil preferably has a bromine number of 2 g Br2 / 100g to 150 g Br2 / 100g (determined by ASTM 1159) and / or a C5 hydrocarbon content of 0.03 wt.-% to 12.2 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a naphthalene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 18.4 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a styrene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 29.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a toluene content of 0.25 wt.-% to 71 .5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a viscosity (measured at 40 °C according to DIN 53019 in the range of 0.5 mPas to 10 mPas and / or a flash point(measured according to DIN EN ISO 2719) in the range of 10 °C to 75 °C and / or a C11 to 021 content (measured according to ASTM D 5134) in the range of 5 wt.-% to 70 wt.-%.27. Use according to any one of embodiments 21 to 26 wherein the pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste.28. Use according to any one of embodiments 21 to 27 wherein the pyrolysis oil further comprises at least one paraffin dispersant, wherein said paraffin dispersant is selected from the group comprising polyacrylates, formaldehyde coupled phenols, and the condensation products of aliphatic fattyamines, alkylsuccinimides, phthalimides, and glutarimides with carbonyl compounds.29. Use according to embodiment 28 wherein the concentration of the at least one paraffin dispersant in said pyrolysis oil ranges from 10 to 1500 ppmv, more preferably from 20 to 1200 ppmv and most preferably from 50 to 1000 ppmv.The present invention further relates to a process according to any one of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the content of the pyrolysis oil or blend comprising at least one pyrolysis oil having improved cold flow properties in the product PRF1 is 1 wt.-% or more, preferably 2 wt.-% or more, more preferably 5 wt.-% or more, more preferably 15 wt.-% or more, more preferably 30 wt.-% or more, more preferably 40 wt.-% or more, more preferably 60 wt.-% or more, more preferably 80 wt.-% or more, more preferably 90 wt.-% or more, more preferably 95 wt.-% or more; and / or wherein the content of the pyrolysis oil or blend comprising at least one pyrolysis oil having improved cold flow properties in the product PRF1 is 100 wt.-% or less, preferably 95 wt.-% or less, more preferably 90 wt.-% or less, more preferably 50 wt.-% or less, more preferably 25 wt.-% or less, more preferably 10 wt.-% or less; and preferably wherein the content is determined based on identity preservation and / or segregation and / or mass balance and / or book and claim chain of custody models, preferably based on mass balance, preferably the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) standard.The publication Prior Art Disclosure; Issue 684; paragraphs

[1000] to

[8005] ; ISSN: 2198-4786; published: February 12, 2024 will be regarded as Reference RF1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Preferably, the product PRF1 is a product as described in Reference RF1; paragraphs

[1000] to

[8005] , Preferably, the process described herein is further a process for the production of a product, preferably product PRF1 .The converting step to obtain the product PRF1 preferably comprises one or more step(s) as described below and can be performed by conventional methods well known to a person skilled in the art. The converting step preferably comprises one or more step(s) selected from: recycling, preferably depolymerizing, gasifying, pyrolyzing, and / or steam cracking; and / or purifying, preferably crystallizing, (solvent) extracting, distilling, evaporating, hydrotreating, absorbing, adsorbing and / or subjecting to ion exchanger; and / or assembling, preferably foaming, synthesizing, chemical conversion, chemically transforming, polymerizing and / or compounding; and / or forming, preferably foaming,extruding and / or molding; and / or finishing, preferably coating and / or smoothing. In addition, the one or more step(s) are described in detail in Reference RF1; paragraphs

[1000] to

[8005] ,The term "building block”, as used herein, comprises compounds, which are in a gaseous or liquid state under standard conditions of 0°C and 0.1 MPa. Building blocks are typically used in chemical industry to form secondary products, which provide a higher structural complexity and / or higher molecular weight than the building block on which the secondary product is based. The building block is preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethylene oxide, ethylene glycols, syngas comprising a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic compounds. The alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and aromatic compounds comprise in particular 1 to 12 carbon atoms, respectively.The term "monomer”, as used herein, comprises molecules, which can react with each other to form polymer chains by polymerization. The monomer is preferably selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid, salts of (meth)acrylic acid; in particular sodium, potassium and zinc salts; (meth)acrolein and (meth)acrylates. (Meth)acrylates comprising 1 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred, in particular comprising 1 to 8 carbon atoms. The terms (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylate relate to acrylic acid, acrolein or acrylate and also to methacrylic acid, methacrolein or methacrylate, where applicable. Further, the monomer can be selected from hexamethylenediamine (HMD) and adipic acid. The building block can further be an intermediate compound. The term "intermediate compound”, as used herein, comprises organic reagents, which are applied for formation of compounds with higher molecular complexity. The intermediate compound can be selected for example from the group consisting of phosgene, polyisocyanates and propylene oxide. The polyisocyanates are in particular aromatic di- and polyisocyanates, preferably toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and / or diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). The building block and the monomer and typical converting step(s) to obtain the building block or monomer are described in more detail in paragraphs

[1000] to

[1012] of Reference RF1.The term "polymer A”, as used herein, comprises thermoplastic, e.g., polyamide or thermoplastic polyurethane, thermoset, e.g., polyurethane, elastomer, e.g., polybutadiene, or a copolymer or a mixture thereof and is defined in more detail in paragraphs

[2001] to

[2007] of Reference RF1. The term "polymer composition A”, as used herein, comprises all compositions comprising a polymer as described above and one or more additive(s), e.g. reinforcement, colorant, modifier and / or flame retardant, and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[2008] of Reference RF1 . The term "polymer product A”, as used herein, comprises any product comprising the polymer A and / or polymer composition A as described above and is defined in more detail in paragraphs

[2009] and

[2010] of Reference RF1 . The step(s) to obtain the polymer, preferably polymer A, polymer composition, preferably polymer composition A or polymer product, preferably polymer product A is / are described in more detail in paragraph

[2011] of Reference RF1.The term "industrial use polymer”, as used herein, comprises rheology, polycarboxylate, alkoxylated polyalkylenamine, alkoxylated polyalkylenimine, polyether-based, dye inhibition and soil release cleaning polymersdefined in more detail in paragraphs

[3035] to

[3044] of Reference RF1. The term "industrial use surfactant”, as used herein, comprises non-ionic, anionic and amphoteric industrial use surfactants defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3008] to

[3034] of Reference RF1. The term "industrial use descaling compound”, as used herein, comprises nonphosphate based builders (NPB) and phosphonates (CoP) described in more detail in paragraphs

[3001] to

[3005] of Reference RF1. The term "industrial use biocide”, as used herein, refers to a chemical compound that kills microorganisms or inhibits their growth or reproduction defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3006] to

[3007] of Reference RF1. The term "industrial use solvent”, as used herein, comprises alkyl amides, alkyl lactamides, alkyl esters, lactate esters, alkyl diester, cyclic alkyl diester, cyclic carbonates, aromatic aldehydes and aromatic esters defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3045] to

[3055] of Reference RF1. The term "industrial use dispersant”, as used herein, comprises anionic and non-ionic industrial use dispersants defined in more detail in paragraphs

[3056] to

[3058] of Reference RF1 . The term "composition and / or formulation thereof' with reference to the industrial use polymers, industrial use surfactants, descaling compounds and / or industrial use biocides refers to industrial use compositions and / or institutional use products and / or fabric and home care products and / or personal care products defined in more detail in paragraph

[3059] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the industrial use polymer, industrial use surfactant, descaling compound and / or industrial use biocide are defined in more detail in paragraph

[3060] of Reference RF1 . The converting steps to obtain the industrial use composition or formulation of the industrial use polymer, industrial use surfactant, descaling compound and / or industrial use biocide are defined in more detail in paragraph

[3061] of Reference RF1.The term "agrochemical composition”, as used herein, typically relates to a composition comprising an agrochemically active ingredient and at least one agrochemical formulation auxiliary. Examples of agrochemical compositions, active ingredients and auxiliaries are described in more detail in Reference RF1, paragraph

[4001] , The agrochemical composition may take the form of any customary formulation. The agrochemical compositions are prepared in a known manner, e.g. described by Mollet and Grubemann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; or Knowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, Agrow Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005. The converting step(s) to obtain the agrochemically active ingredients and auxiliaries may be conducted in analogy to the production step(s) of their analogues that are based on petrochemicals or other precursors that are not gained by recycling processes. In addition, conversion to compounds mentioned in sections "Polymer” and "Cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter, further cosmetic ingredient or compositions or formulations thereof' may be performed as described in these sections as well as the respective paragraphs in Reference RF1.The term active pharmaceutical ingredients and / or intermediates thereof, as used herein, comprises substances that provide pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or to affect the structure or any function of the body. Intermediates thereof are isolated products that are generated during a multi-step route of synthesis of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. The term pharmaceutical excipients, as used herein, comprises compounds or compound mixtures used in compositions for various pharmaceutical applications, which are not substantially pharmaceutically active on itself. Active pharmaceuticalingredients and / or intermediates thereof and pharmaceutical excipients are defined in more detail in paragraph

[5001] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the active pharmaceutical ingredients and / or intermediates thereof and pharmaceutical excipients may comprise one or more synthesis steps and can be performed by conventional synthesis and techniques well known to a person skilled in the art.The terms animal feed additives, human food additives, dietary supplements, as used herein, comprises Vitamins, Pro-Vitamins and active metabolites thereof including intermediates and precursors, especially Vitamin A, B, E, D, K and esters thereof, like acetate, propionate, palmitate esters or alcohols thereof like retinol or salts thereof and any combinations thereof; Tetraterpenes, especially isoprenoids like carotenoids and xanthophylls including their intermediates and precursors as well as mixtures and derivates thereof, especially beta carotene, Canthaxanthin, Citranaxanthin, Astaxanthin, Zeaxanthin, Lutein, Lycopene, Apo-carotenoids, and any combinations thereof; organic acids, especially formic acid, propionic acid and salts thereof, such as sodium, calcium or ammonium salts, and any combinations thereof, such as but not limited to mixtures of formic acid and sodium formiate, propionic acid and ammonium propionate, formic acid and propionic acid, formic acid and sodium formiate and propionic acid, propionic acid and sodium propionate and formic acid and sodium formiate; glycerides of carboxylic acids and short and medium chain fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acids, such as omega-6 fatty acid (C18:2) methyl ester and 1,2- propandiol and beverage stabilizers, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone-polymer or polyvinylimidazole / polyvinylpyrrolidone- copolymer. Animal feed additives, human food additives and dietary supplements are defined in more detail in paragraph

[5002] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the animal feed additives, human food additives, dietary supplements may comprise one or more synthesis steps and can be performed by conventional synthesis and techniques well known to a person skilled in the art.The terms aroma chemical and aroma composition as used herein, comprise a volatile organic substance with a molecular weight between 70-250 g / mol comprising a functional group with a carbon skeleton of C5-C16 carbon atoms comprising linear, branched, cyclic, for example with a ring size of C5-C18, bicyclic or tricyclic aliphatic chains and but not necessarily one or more unsaturated structural elements like double bonds, triple bonds, aromatics or heteroaromatics and preferably the one or more additional functional groups are selected from alcohol, ether, ester, ketone, aldehyde, acetal, carboxylic acid, nitrile, thiol, amine. In one aspect, the aroma chemical is a terpene-based aroma chemical, for example selected from monoterpenes and monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoids, diterpenes, triterpenes or tetraterpenes. Aroma chemicals can be combined with further aroma chemicals to give an aroma composition. Aroma chemicals and aroma compositions are defined in more detail in paragraph

[5003] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the aroma chemical and aroma composition may comprise one or more synthesis steps and can be performed by conventional synthesis and techniques well known to a person skilled in the art.The term "aqueous polymer dispersion”, as used herein, comprises aqueous composition(s) comprising dispersed polymer(s) and is defined in more detail in the section

[6001] entitled "aqueous polymer dispersion” of Reference RF1. The dispersed polymer(s) may be selected from acrylic emulsion polymer(s), styrene acrylic emulsionpolymer(s), styrene butadiene dispersion(s), aqueous dispersion(s) comprising composite particles, acrylate alkyd hybrid dispersion(s), polyurethane(s) (including UV-curable polyurethanes) and polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybrid polymer(s). The term "emulsion polymer”, as used herein, comprises polymer(s) made by free-radical emulsion polymerization. Aqueous polyurethane dispersion(s) are defined in more detail in the section

[6002] entitled "Polyurethane dispersions” of Reference RF1. UV-curable polyurethane(s) is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6017] of Reference RF1. Polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybrid polymer(s) is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6016] of Reference RF1. The term "polymeric dispersant”, as used herein, comprises preferably polymer(s) comprising polyether side chain, in particular polycarboxylate ether polymer(s) and polycondensation product(s) defined in more detail in paragraph

[6020] entitled "Polymeric dispersant” of Reference RF1. The converting (polymerization) step(s) to obtain the aqueous polymer dispersion(s) comprising emulsion polymer(s) is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6003] entitled "Emulsion polymerization” of Reference RF1.The converting (polymerization) step(s) to obtain the aqueous polyurethane dispersion(s) is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6014] entitled "Process for the preparation of aqueous polyurethane dispersions” and section

[6017] entitled "Aqueous UV-curable polyurethane dispersions, their preparation and use and compositions containing them” of Reference RF1. Composition(s) and uses of aqueous polymer dispersion(s) and of polymeric dispersant(s) are defined in more detail in the following sections of Reference RF1 : section

[6004] entitled "Uses of aqueous polymer dispersions”, section

[6005] entitled "Binders for architectural and construction coatings”, section

[6006] entitled "Binders for paper coating”, section

[6007] entitled "Binders for fiber bonding”, section

[6008] entitled "Adhesive polymers and adhesive compositions”, section

[6015] entitled "Aqueous polyurethane dispersions suitable for use in coating compositions”, section

[6016] entitled "Aqueous polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybride polymer dispersions suitable for use in coating compositions”, section

[6017] entitled "Aqueous UV-curable polyurethane dispersions, their preparation and use and compositions containing them”, section

[6018] entitled "Inorganic binder compositions comprising polymeric dispersants and their use”

[6019] 100% curable coating compositions.UV-crosslinkable poly(meth)acrylate(s) and its / their uses are defined in more detail in section

[6009] entitled "UV- crossli nkable poly(meth)acrylates for use in UV-curable solvent-free hotmelt adhesives and their use for making pressure-sensitive self-adhesive articles” of Reference RF1.Polyisocyanate(s), composition(s) comprising them and their uses are defined in more detail in section

[6010] entitled "Polyisocyanates” of Reference RF1. Hyperbranched polyester polyol(s) and its / their uses are defined in more detail in section

[6011] entitled "Organic solvent based hyperbranched polyester polyols suitable for use in coating compositions” of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the hyperbranched polyester polyols is / are defined in more detail in the section

[6012] entitled "Preparation of organic solvent based hyperbranched polyester polyols” of Reference RF1. Coating composition(s) comprising hyperbranched polyester polyol(s), polyisocyanate(s) and additive(s) and substrate(s) coated therewith are defined in more detail in section

[6013] entitled "Organic solvent based two component coating compositions comprising hyperbranched polyester polyols and polyisocyanates” of Reference RF1. Unsaturated polyester polyol(s), solvent-based coating composition(s) comprising said unsaturatedpolyester polyol(s) and substrate(s) for coating with said coating com posit! on (s) are defined in more detail in section

[6018] entitled "Organic solvent-based coating composition comprising unsaturated polyester polyols” of Reference RF1. 100% curable coating composition(s) is / are defined in more detail in section

[6019] of Reference RF1. Polymeric dispersant(s) for inorganic binder compositions is / are defined in more detail in section

[6020] of Reference RF1. The inorganic binder composition(s) comprising the polymeric dispersants and their use are defined in more detail in section

[6021] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the polymeric dispersant(s) are defined in more detail in section

[6020] of Reference RF1. The term "inorganic binder composition” comprising the polymeric dispersant(s), as used herein, comprises preferably in particular hydraulically setting compositions and compositions comprising calcium sulfate and is defined in more detail in section

[6021] of Reference RF1 entitled "Inorganic binder compositions comprising the polymeric dispersant and their use”. Specific building material formulation(s) comprising polymeric dispersant(s) or building product(s) produced by a building material formulation comprising a polymeric dispersant are disclosed in more detail in section

[6021] of Reference RF1.The term "cosmetic surfactant”, as used herein, comprises non-ionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7002] of Reference RF1. The term "emollient”, as used herein, refers to a chemical compound used for protecting, moisturizing, and / or lubricating the skin and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7003] of Reference RF1. The term "wax”, as used herein, comprises pearlizers and opacifiers and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7004] of Reference RF1. The term "cosmetic polymer”, as used herein, comprises any polymer that can be used as an ingredient in a cosmetic formulation and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7005] of Reference RF1. The term "UV filter”, as used herein, refers to a chemical compound that blocks or absorbs ultraviolet light and is defined in more detail in paragraph

[7006] of Reference RF1. The term "further cosmetic ingredient”, as used herein, comprises any ingredient suitable for making a cosmetic formulation. Several sources disclose cosmetically acceptable ingredients. E. g. the database Cosing on the internet pages of the European Commission discloses cosmetic ingredients and the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, edited by the Personal Care Products Council (PCPC), discloses cosmetic ingredients. The term "composition and / or formulation thereof' with reference to the cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter and / or further cosmetic ingredient refers to personal care and / or cosmetic compositions or formulations defined in more detail in paragraph

[7007] of Reference RF1. The converting step(s) to obtain the cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter or further cosmetic ingredient is / are defined in more detail in paragraph

[7008] of Reference RF1.The terms "polymer B”, "polymer composition B”, "coating composition”, "other functional composition”, "foil”, "molded body”, "coating” and "coated substrate” are well known to the person skilled in the art and are defined in more detail from paragraph

[8000] to

[8005] of Reference RF1.The invention will be further explained by the following non-limiting examples.ExamplesThe pour point of a pyrolysis oil made by pyrolysis from a mixed plastic waste feedstock ("pyrolysis oil 1”) was measured before and after addition of a polymer according to the present invention or a polymer disclosed in prior art by the method according to ASTM D7346-15 with a pour point analyzer MPP 5GS from ISL.Pyrolysis oil 1 had a pour point of +6 °C when provided in step (i). Furthermore, pyrolysis oil 1 had the following properties: 2 g Br2 / 100g to 150 g Br2 / 100g (determined by ASTM 1159) and / or a C5 hydrocarbon content of 0.03 wt.- % to 12.2 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a naphthalene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 18.4 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a styrene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 29.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a toluene content of 0.25 wt.-% to 71.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a viscosity (measured at 40 °C according to DIN 53019 in the range of 0.5 mPas to 10 mPas and / or a flash point (measured according to DIN EN ISO 2719) in the range of 10 °C to 75 °C and / or a C11 to C21 content (measured according to ASTM D 5134) in the range of 5 wt.-% to 70 wt.-%Three different polymers were added in different concentrations to pyrolysis oil 1 and the pour point of pyrolysis oil comprising said polymers according to the present invention was measured again.Polymer 1 (according to the present invention): polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from: (A) = lauryl methacrylate and (B) = behenyl methacrylate, wherein the weight ratio (A) : (B) is about 70 : 30.Polymer d (comparative): polymer used for comparative example, al ky I aery late-ethy lene-vi ny l-ester copolymer (disclosed in WO 2022 / 056212 A1)Polymer c2 (comparative): polymer used for comparative example 2, homopolymer based on laurylacrylate.The results for pyrolysis oil 1 are summarized in table 1 :Polymer concentration [ppmv] 300 1000Polymer 1 (invention) -3 °C -9 °CPolymer d (comparative 1) +6 °C +6 °CPolymer c2 / comparative 2) +3 °C 0 °CPolymer 1 causes a significant drop of the initial pour point of pyrolysis oil 1 compared to polymer d disclosed in WO 2022 / 056212 A1 which does not induce a change of the initial pour point and polymer c2 which only induces a slight drop of the initial pour point. Accordingly, the cold flow properties of pyrolysis oil 1 is improved when adding a polymer according to the present invention compared to polymers known from prior art.

Claims

Claims1. Process for improving the cold flow properties of a pyrolysis oil, the process comprising the steps(I) providing a pyrolysis oil wherein said pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of plastic waste,(II) providing at least one polymer, wherein the at least one polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate,(ill) adding the at least one polymer provided in step (II) to said pyrolysis oil provided in step (I) and thereby improving the cold flow properties of said pyrolysis oil.

2. Process according to claim 1 wherein the pyrolysis oil has a bromine number of 2 g Br2 / 100g to 150 g Br2 / 100g (determined by ASTM 1159) and / or a C5 hydrocarbon content of 0.03 wt.-% to 12.2 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a naphthalene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 18.4 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a styrene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 29.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a toluene content of 0.25 wt.-% to 71 .5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a viscosity (measured at 40 °C according to DIN 53019 in the range of 0.5 mPas to 10 mPas and / or a flash point (measured according to DIN EN ISO 2719) in the range of 10 °C to 75 °C and / or a C11 to C21 content (measured according to ASTM D 5134) in the range of 5 wt.-% to 70 wt.-%.

3. Process according to any one of claim 1 or 2 wherein the pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste.

4. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein (A) is a straight chain or branched alkyl ester of methacrylic acid selected from the group consisting of lauryl methacrylate, myristyl methacrylate, cetyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, tridecyl methacrylate, tetradecyl methacrylate, pentadecyl methacrylate, hexadecyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof.

5. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein (B) comprises 40 to 50 wt.-% C18 alkyl methacrylate, 5 to 15 wt.-% C20 alkyl methacrylate and 40 to 50 wt.-% C22 alkyl methacrylate based on the total weight of (B) in the at least one polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers provided in step (II).

6. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein (A) is lauryl methacrylate and (B) is behenyl methacrylate.

7. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the concentration of said at least one polymer in the pyrolysis oil ranges from 10 to 3500 ppmv.

8. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein at least one paraffin dispersant is added to the pyrolysis oil, wherein the at least one paraffin dispersant is selected from the group comprising poly acrylates, formaldehyde coupled phenols, and the condensation products of aliphatic fattyamines, alkylsuccinimides, phthalimides, and glutarimides with carbonyl compounds.

9. Process according to claim 8 wherein the concentration of the at least one paraffin dispersant in the pyrolysis oil ranges from 10 to 1500 ppmv.

10. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the step: converting the product of the according to any one of claims 1 to 9 or a chemical material obtainable by or obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to obtain a product PRF1 .11 . Process according to any one of claim 10, wherein the product PRF1 is selected from:I) building block or monomer; orII) polymer, preferably polymer A, polymer composition, preferably polymer composition A, or polymer product, preferably polymer product A; or ill) cleaning polymer, cleaning surfactant, descaling compound, cleaning biocide or composition or formulation thereof; or iv) agrochemical composition, agrochemical formulation auxiliary or agrochemically active ingredient; or v) active pharmaceutical ingredient or intermediate thereof, pharmaceutical excipient, animal feed additive, human food additive, dietary supplements, aroma chemical or aroma composition; or vi) aqueous polymer dispersion, preferably polyurethane or polyurethane - poly(meth)acrylate hybrid polymer dispersion, emulsion, binder for paper and fiber coatings, UV-curable acrylic polymer for hot melts and coatings polyisocyanates, hyperbranched polyester polyol, polymeric dispersant for inorganic binder compositions, unsaturated polyester polyol or 100% curable composition; or vii) cosmetic surfactant, emollient, wax, cosmetic polymer, UV filter, further cosmetic ingredient or composition or formulation thereof; or viii) polymer B, polymer composition B, coating composition, other functional composition, foil, molded body, coating or coated substrate.

12. A pyrolysis oil having a bromine number of 2 g Br2 / 100g to 150 g Br2 / 100g (determined by ASTM 1159) and / or a C5 hydrocarbon content of 0.03 wt.-% to 12.2 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a naphthalene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 18.4 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a styrene content of 0.02 wt.-% to 29.5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a toluene content of 0.25 wt.-% to 71 .5 wt.-% (determined by ASTM D 5134) and / or a viscosity (measured at 40 °C according to DIN 53019 in the range of0.5 mPas to 10 mPas and / or a flash point (measured according to DIN EN ISO 2719) in the range of 10 °C to 75 °C and / or a C11 to C21 content (measured according to ASTM D 5134) in the range of 5 wt.-% to 70 wt.-% and further comprising at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylatecopolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate.

13. Pyrolysis oil according to claim 12 wherein the pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste.

14. Pyrolysis oil according to claim 12 or 13 wherein (A) is a straight chain or branched alkyl ester of methacrylic acid selected from the group consisting of lauryl methacrylate, myristyl methacrylate, cetyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, tridecyl methacrylate, tetradecyl methacrylate, pentadecyl methacrylate, hexadecyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof and / or wherein (B) comprises about 40 to about 50 wt.-% C18 alkyl methacrylate, about 5 to about 15 wt.-% C20 alkyl methacrylate and about 40 to about 50 wt.-% C22 alkyl methacrylate based on the total weight of (B) in the at least one polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers provided in step (II).

15. Pyrolysis oil according to any one of claims 12 to 14 wherein (A) is lauryl methacrylate and (B) is behenyl methacrylate.

16. Pyrolysis oil according to any one of claims 12 to 15 wherein the concentration of said at least one polymer in the pyrolysis oil ranges from 10 to 3500 ppmv.

17. Use of at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyalkyl methacrylate copolymers comprising monomer units formed from:(A) 60 - 96 wt.-% of a C12 - C16 alkyl methacrylate; and(B) 40 - 4 wt.-% of a C18 - C30 alkyl methacrylate in a pyrolysis oil for improving the cold flow properties of said pyrolysis oil wherein said pyrolysis oil is manufactured by a pyrolysis of plastic waste.

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