Cooker and method for manufacturing cooker

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a cooker and a method for manufacturing the cooker. The cooker comprises a cooker matrix (10) and a non-stick coating formed on the cooker matrix, wherein the non-stick coating comprises an amorphous material layer (20), a first nitridation area (31) stacked on the outer side of the amorphous material layer and an oxidation treatment layer (40) stacked on the outer side of the first nitridation area; and the non-stick coating further comprises a second nitridation area (32) extending to the cooker matrix from the bottom of the first nitridation area (31). The amorphous material layer (20) is made of an amorphous material; the first nitridation area (31) comprises a mixed layer of the amorphous material and a first nitride; the second nitridation area (32) comprises a mixed layer of the material of the cooker matrix and a second nitride; and the oxidation treatment layer (40) is an oleophylic oxide layer and serves as the surface layer of the non-stick coating of the cooker. Thus, the cooker coating of the embodiments of the present application has excellent non-stickiness, scratch resistance, binding force and corrosion resistance, thereby prolonging the service life of the cooker.

Description

[0001] FIELD OF THE INVENTION This application relates to the field of non-stick materials, and more specifically, to a cookware and a method for manufacturing the cookware. BACKGROUND ART Existing non-stick cookware typically achieves its non-stick function by spraying a fluororesin coating on the surface of a metal substrate. While non-stick coatings manufactured using fluororesin coatings have excellent initial non-stick properties, they are easily damaged by spatulas and prone to aging or decomposition due to high temperatures during use. These issues have severely impacted the service life of cookware coated with fluororesin coatings, resulting in poor long-term non-stick properties. Therefore, there remains an urgent need in the cookware manufacturing field to develop cookware coatings that exhibit excellent non-stick properties, scratch resistance, adhesion, and corrosion resistance. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the present application aims to provide a cookware and a method for manufacturing the cookware to address the issues associated with non-stick properties, scratch resistance, adhesion, and corrosion resistance of existing cookware. According to a first aspect of the present application, a cooker is provided, wherein the cooker includes a cooker base and a non-stick coating formed on the cooker base, the non-stick coating including an amorphous material layer, a first nitrided region laminated on the outside of the amorphous material layer, and an oxidized layer laminated on the outside of the first nitrided region. The non-stick coating also includes a second nitrided region extending from the bottom of the first nitrided region to the cooker base. The amorphous material layer is formed of an amorphous material, the first nitrided region includes a mixed layer of an amorphous material and a first nitride, and the second nitrided region includes a mixed layer of the cooker base material and the second nitride. The oxidized layer is an oleophilic oxide layer and serves as the surface layer of the non-stick coating of the cooker. According to the cooker provided in an embodiment of the present application, the amorphous material layer serves as the base layer of the non-stick coating. Due to its amorphous properties, the amorphous material layer has low surface energy, good wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and stability. Therefore, as the base layer of the non-stick coating, it can effectively improve the durability and stability of the coating. The first nitrided region is laminated on the outside of the amorphous material layer. The first nitrided region is primarily composed of a mixed layer of amorphous material and first nitride. The addition of the first nitride improves the overall hardness and wear resistance of the coating, and, working together with the amorphous material, further enhances the coating's long-lasting non-stick properties.The first nitrided region covers the exterior of the amorphous material layer, preventing corrosive media from entering between the cookware substrate and the amorphous material layer, ensuring that the non-stick coating resists detachment and maintaining the cookware's corrosion resistance. The second nitrided region extends from the bottom of the first nitrided region through the amorphous material layer onto the cookware substrate. This tightly connects the cookware substrate, the amorphous material layer, and the first nitrided region, forming a continuous and stable structure. This strengthens the bond between the non-stick coating and the cookware substrate, making the entire coating stronger and more durable. The oxidation-treated layer, serving as the surface layer of the non-stick coating, consists of a mixed layer of amorphous material and an oleophilic oxide. This composition ensures the coating's basic non-stick properties. The oleophilic oxide further enhances non-stick properties by easily forming an oil film. Overall, the cookware coating according to the present application exhibits excellent non-stick properties, scratch resistance, adhesion, and corrosion resistance, resulting in more durable cookware (longer service life). Specifically, the thickness of the amorphous material layer is 2 μm-10 μm; the thickness of the first nitrided region is 15 μm-70 μm; the thickness of the second nitrided region is 2 μm-10 μm; and / or the thickness of the oxidation layer is 1 μm-3 μm. In these embodiments, each layer has a predetermined thickness, which can ensure the bonding strength between the non-stick coating and the cookware substrate while achieving a balance in non-stickiness, corrosion resistance, and hardness, thereby achieving a cookware coating that possesses excellent properties in terms of non-stickiness, scratch resistance, bonding strength, and corrosion resistance. In some embodiments, the surface energy of the oxidation layer is 30 to 50 dynes. In these embodiments, the oxidation layer has a low surface energy, which can reduce food adhesion, facilitate cleaning, provide a better cooking experience for users, and extend the service life of the cookware. In some embodiments, the amorphous material is an iron-based amorphous material. In these embodiments, the iron-based amorphous material has excellent wear resistance, hardness, bonding strength, and corrosion resistance. Therefore, the amorphous material layer formed therefrom can maintain the aforementioned superior properties. In some embodiments, the amorphous material is a mixture of an iron-based amorphous material and an iron-based self-fluxing alloy. Based on 100% of the total weight of the amorphous material, the iron-based amorphous material accounts for 95%-98% by weight, with the remainder being the iron-based self-fluxing alloy.In these embodiments, a mixture of an iron-based amorphous material and an iron-based self-fluxing alloy is used as the amorphous material. Because the iron-based self-fluxing alloy has excellent wettability and self-fluxing properties, the addition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy can form a good bond with the amorphous material, forming an amorphous material with excellent corrosion resistance and hardness. This ensures the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the amorphous material layer of the cookware. In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy includes C: 0.5%-0.6%, Si: 2%-3.5%, B: 1%-2%, Cr: 12%-14%, Ni: 28%-34%, and the balance Fe. In these embodiments, the iron-based self-fluxing alloy with the above chemical composition and content exhibits high strength, high hardness, excellent corrosion resistance, and wettability, and can form a good bond with the iron-based amorphous material, further improving the performance and service life of the cookware. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the iron-based amorphous material as 100%, the composition of the iron-based amorphous material includes 60% to 85% iron, 15% to 40% titanium, and the remainder impurities, wherein the impurities include at least one of carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, yttrium, and copper. In these embodiments, the iron content is between 60% and 85%. As the primary component of the amorphous material, it provides basic mechanical properties and ensures good strength and stability. The titanium content is between 15% and 40%, which can improve the hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the amorphous material. The addition of titanium can also improve the processing properties and thermal stability of the amorphous material. Impurities include at least one of carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, yttrium, and copper. Although these impurity elements are present in relatively low concentrations, their presence can have a significant impact on the properties of the amorphous material. For example, carbon can improve the hardness and wear resistance of amorphous materials, phosphorus and sulfur may affect the material's processing properties and toughness, while aluminum, yttrium, and copper can adjust the amorphous material's physical properties, such as electrical and thermal conductivity. Iron-based amorphous materials with the aforementioned composition and content possess excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and magnetic properties, meeting the specific requirements of cookware. In some embodiments, the surface pores of the non-stick coating are filled with grease or silicone oil.In these embodiments, the surface layer of the non-stick coating is filled with grease or silicone oil, thereby optimizing the non-stick properties by forming an "oil film." Furthermore, the pores filled with grease or silicone oil can prevent erosion by corrosive media, thereby ensuring the corrosion resistance of the non-stick cookware coating. According to a second aspect of the present application, a method for manufacturing cookware is provided, comprising: forming an amorphous coating having a predetermined rough surface by thermally spraying an amorphous material on a cookware substrate; nitriding the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating so that nitrogen atoms form a first nitrided region with the amorphous coating and a second nitrided region with the cookware substrate, wherein the first nitrided region is located on the outer layer of the amorphous coating, and the second nitrided region is located on the inner side of the first nitrided region and extends from the bottom of the first nitrided region to the cookware substrate; and oxidizing the first nitrided region so that a surface layer of the first nitrided region forms an oxidized layer, thereby manufacturing the cookware. The first nitrided region comprises a mixed layer of the amorphous material and the first nitride, and the second nitrided region comprises a mixed layer of the cookware substrate material and the second nitride. The oxidized layer is an oleophilic oxide layer and serves as the surface layer of the non-stick coating of the cookware. According to the cookware manufacturing method provided in the embodiments of the present application, an amorphous coating with a predetermined roughened surface is formed on the cookware substrate by thermal spraying. Amorphous materials have high hardness, high wear resistance, and good corrosion resistance. The predetermined roughened surface provides protection for the layer (oxidation layer) formed in subsequent processing. Next, the cookware substrate with the amorphous coating undergoes a nitriding treatment. During this process, nitrogen atoms react with the amorphous coating to form a first nitrided region and with the cookware substrate to form a second nitrided region. The first nitrided region primarily consists of a mixed layer of amorphous material and the first nitride. The addition of the first nitride improves the overall hardness and wear resistance of the coating and, in conjunction with the amorphous material, further enhances the coating's long-lasting non-stick properties. The second nitrided region is located outside the first nitrided region and extends from the bottom of the first nitrided region to the cookware substrate. This improves the bonding strength between the cookware substrate and the first nitrided region, making the overall coating more secure and durable. Finally, the first nitrided region is oxidized to form an oxidation layer on its surface.The oxidation-treated layer serves as the surface layer of the non-stick coating. It consists of a mixed layer of an amorphous material and an oleophilic oxide. This composition ensures the coating's basic non-stick properties. The oleophilic oxide further enhances the non-stick properties by easily forming an oil film. Overall, the cookware coating according to this application exhibits excellent non-stick properties, scratch resistance, adhesion, and corrosion resistance, resulting in a more durable cookware (extended service life). In some embodiments, nitriding the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating includes: placing the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating in a nitriding furnace, introducing ammonia gas so that the ammonia volume fraction in the nitriding furnace is no less than 90%, and adjusting the furnace temperature to 130°C to 150°C; then adjusting the ammonia flow rate to 700 L / h to 1000 L / h; then adjusting the furnace temperature to 530°C to 580°C, holding the temperature for 3 to 7 hours; and finally adjusting the ammonia flow rate to 300 L / h to 500 L / h, and cooling the furnace temperature to room temperature at a cooling rate of 2°C / min to 4°C / min. In these embodiments, the above nitriding treatment can form nitrided regions with excellent performance. These nitrided regions not only improve the hardness and wear resistance of the cookware, but also enhance its corrosion resistance and non-stick properties, providing a good foundation for subsequent oxidation treatment and use. In some embodiments, the step of oxidizing the first nitrided region includes: placing the cookware substrate having the first nitrided region in an oxygenation furnace, adjusting the furnace temperature to 420°C to 540°C; continuously passing steaming water into the oxygenation furnace at a flow rate of 10g / s to 15g / s for 0.5 to 6 hours, and then cooling the furnace temperature to room temperature at a rate of 2°C / min to 4°C / min. In these embodiments, the above oxidation treatment can form an oxidation layer with excellent properties. The oxidation layer not only improves the non-stick properties of the cookware, but also enhances its corrosion resistance and wear resistance, providing excellent protection for the cookware's use. Furthermore, the oxidation layer is typically dark in color, which ensures the cookware's appearance.In some embodiments, the thickness of the amorphous coating is 20 μm-70 μm, the thickness of the oxidation-treated layer is 1 μm-3 μm, the thickness of the first nitrided region is less than or equal to the thickness of the amorphous coating, and the thickness of the second nitrided region is 2 μm-10 μm. In these embodiments, each layer has a predetermined thickness, which ensures the bonding strength between the non-stick coating and the cookware substrate while balancing non-stick properties, corrosion resistance, and hardness. This allows the cookware coating to possess excellent properties in multiple aspects, including non-stick properties, scratch resistance, bonding strength, and corrosion resistance. In some embodiments, the cookware substrate includes any one of an iron substrate, a magnesium substrate, a copper alloy substrate, an aluminum substrate, a stainless steel substrate, a titanium substrate, and composite substrates formed from these substrates. In these embodiments, the cookware manufacturing method is not limited to a specific substrate material, which brings greater convenience to the cookware manufacturing. In some embodiments, the amorphous material is a granular material with an average particle size ranging from 30 μm to 70 μm. In these embodiments, thermally spraying an amorphous material with an average particle size ranging from 30 μm to 70 μm can form an amorphous coating with a predetermined rough surface. Specifically, when the particle size of the amorphous material is less than 30 μm, the resulting thermal spray coating is prone to the formation of droplet particles, resulting in a poor appearance. When the particle size is greater than 70 μm, the resulting thermal spray coating has a greater surface roughness, resulting in a poor final appearance. Furthermore, amorphous material with a particle size ranging from 30 μm to 70 μm can better contact and bond with the surface of the cookware substrate. Simultaneously, the interpenetrating effect between the particles can also enhance the cohesive strength of the amorphous coating, making it more durable and reliable. Furthermore, amorphous material with a particle size ranging from 30 μm to 70 μm has excellent flowability and filling properties, enabling the formation of a dense amorphous coating during the spraying process, effectively reducing voids and defects in the amorphous coating.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other objects and features of the present application will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings: FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a cooker according to an embodiment of the present application, cut along its thickness; FIG2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point I in FIG1; FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure taken through the junction of the cooker base and the non-stick coating; and FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure taken through the junction of the cooker base and the non-stick coating. The inventive concepts of the present application will be described more fully below in the detailed description of the embodiments. According to a first aspect of the present application, a cooker is provided. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the cooker includes a cooker base 10 and a non-stick coating formed on the cooker base 10. The non-stick coating includes an amorphous material layer 20, a first nitrided region 31 laminated outside the amorphous material layer 20, and an oxidized layer 40 laminated outside the first nitrided region 31. The non-stick coating also includes a second nitrided region 32 extending from the bottom of the first nitrided region 31 to the cooker base 10. The amorphous material layer 20 is formed of an amorphous material, the first nitrided region 31 includes a mixed layer of an amorphous material and a first nitride, and the second nitrided region 32 includes a mixed layer of the cooker base material and the second nitride. The oxidized layer 40 is an oleophilic oxide layer and serves as the surface layer of the cooker's non-stick coating. According to the cookware provided in the embodiments of the present application, the amorphous material layer 20 serves as the base layer of the non-stick coating. Due to its amorphous properties, the amorphous material layer has low surface energy, excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and stability. Therefore, as the base layer of the non-stick coating, it can effectively improve the durability and stability of the coating. A first nitrided region 31 is laminated on the outside of the amorphous material layer 20. The first nitrided region 31 is primarily composed of a mixed layer of amorphous material and a first nitride. The addition of the first nitride improves the overall hardness and wear resistance of the coating and, in conjunction with the amorphous material, further enhances the coating's long-lasting non-stick properties. Furthermore, the first nitrided region 31 covers the outside of the amorphous material layer 20, preventing corrosive media from entering between the cookware base 10 and the amorphous material layer 20, ensuring that the non-stick coating is not easily detached and the cookware's corrosion resistance is maintained.The second nitrided region 32 extends from the bottom of the first nitrided region 31 through the amorphous material layer 20 to the cookware base 10. This tightly connects the cookware base 10, the amorphous material layer 20, and the first nitrided region 31, forming a continuous and stable structure. This strengthens the bond between the non-stick coating and the cookware base, making the entire coating more durable and strong. The oxidation-treated layer 40, serving as the surface layer of the non-stick coating, is composed of a mixed layer of amorphous material and an oleophilic oxide. This composition ensures the coating's basic non-stick properties. The oleophilic oxide further enhances the non-stick properties by easily forming an oil film. Overall, the cookware coating according to the present application exhibits excellent non-stick properties, scratch resistance, adhesion, and corrosion resistance, resulting in more durable cookware (e.g., a longer service life). According to the present application, the layers other than the oxidation layer (the amorphous material layer 20 and the first nitrided region 31) not only protect the oxidation layer but also possess a certain degree of non-stick properties. Therefore, even if the oxidation layer wears, non-stick cooking can be ensured, ensuring the durability of the cookware. Furthermore, the amorphous material and the oleophilic oxide form a tight bond, making the oxidation layer less susceptible to detachment or damage when subjected to external forces such as high temperature and friction. Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cookware according to an embodiment of the present application, cut along the thickness direction. Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of point I in Figure 1. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, non-stick cookware 100 may include a cookware base 10 and a non-stick coating. According to the present application, the non-stick coating may at least partially cover the inner surface of the cookware base 10, meaning that the non-stick coating may cover the bottom surface or the entire inner surface of the cookware base 10. The accompanying drawings of the present application show a schematic cross-sectional view of the cookware base 10 at the junction with the non-stick coating. FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating one cross-section; FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating another cross-section. FIG3 illustrates an example structure of the amorphous material layer 20 and the first nitrided region 31 at the junction of the cookware base 10 and the non-stick coating. Specifically, at the junction of the cookware base 10 and the non-stick coating, the amorphous material layer 20 and the first nitrided region 31 are alternately arranged. FIG4 illustrates an example structure of the second nitrided region 32 and the cookware base 10 at the junction of the cookware base 10 and the non-stick coating.Specifically, at the junction of the cookware base 10 and the non-stick coating, the second nitrided regions 32 are interlaced with the cookware base 10. Amorphous Material Layer 20: According to the present application, the amorphous material layer 20 in the non-stick coating can be the untreated (oxidized / nitrided) portion of the amorphous coating formed in a subsequent cookware manufacturing process. As the base layer (bottom layer) of the non-stick coating, the amorphous material layer provides excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature stability. In some embodiments, the thickness of the amorphous material layer 20 is 2 μm to 10 μm. This thickness ensures that the coating has sufficient strength and stability to withstand the various conditions of the cooking process. Furthermore, an appropriate thickness facilitates good bonding with other layers. When the thickness is less than 2 μm, the nitriding process cost is high. When the thickness is greater than 10 μm, the hardness enhancement effect is less pronounced and the cookware cannot meet the stress and temperature fluctuation requirements. According to the present application, the amorphous material layer 20 is formed on the inner surface of the cookware base 10 from an amorphous material and exhibits a certain degree of amorphization. For example, the amorphous phase of the amorphous material according to the present application accounts for a volume fraction of 55%-70%, thereby exhibiting various excellent properties due to its amorphous nature. In some embodiments, the amorphous material is an iron-based amorphous material. Iron-based amorphous materials have excellent wear resistance, hardness, and corrosion resistance, so the amorphous material layer formed therefrom can maintain these superior properties. The amorphous material according to the present application is described in detail below. In some embodiments, the amorphous material is an iron-based amorphous material. Based on 100% by weight of the iron-based amorphous material, the chemical composition of the iron-based amorphous material includes 55% to 85% iron, 10% to 40% titanium, and the remainder impurities, wherein the impurities include at least one of carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, yttrium, and copper. In this way, after subsequent oxidation, a more uniformly colored mixed layer of titanium oxide (TiO2) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) can be obtained, avoiding the impact of color differences between the materials that affect the user experience. It should be noted that the "chemical composition" described in this application can be understood based on the general understanding of those skilled in the art. It is different from "chemical substance." Specifically, chemical composition describes the elements or compounds contained within a substance, while chemical substance refers to the actual substance composed of these elements or compounds.Simply put, chemical substances are actual substances, while chemical composition is the basis of their composition. That is, the iron-based amorphous material of the present application is a mineral material formed by a mixture of the aforementioned components, rather than a crystalline or trace amorphous mixture formed by directly mixing the aforementioned substances. According to the present application, a method for manufacturing an iron-based amorphous material is provided. Specifically, natural ilmenite can be processed to obtain the iron-based amorphous material of the present application. The main components of natural ilmenite include titanium oxide, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, magnesium oxide, and other compounds excluding the above. These other compounds include aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, and calcium carbonate. Based on the total weight of the natural ilmenite as 100%, titanium oxide accounts for 45%-50% by weight, ferrous oxide accounts for 5%-10% by weight, ferrous oxide accounts for 30%-35% by weight, magnesium oxide accounts for 3%-6% by weight, and the remainder is other compounds. Obtaining iron-based amorphous material from natural ilmenite involves two steps. The first step is to process the natural ilmenite (e.g., by magnetic separation, flotation, gravity separation, or a combination of these methods) to obtain ilmenite concentrate. The second step is to reduce the ilmenite concentrate to form the iron-based amorphous material. Based on the total weight of the iron-based amorphous material as 100%, the chemical composition of the iron-based amorphous material includes 55% to 85% iron, 10% to 40% titanium, and the remainder impurities. The iron content, which ranges from 60% to 85%, is the primary component of the amorphous material, providing essential mechanical properties and ensuring good strength and stability. The titanium content, which ranges from 15% to 40%, can enhance the hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the amorphous material. The addition of titanium can also improve the processing properties and thermal stability of the amorphous material. Impurities include at least one of carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, ytterbium, and copper. Although these impurity elements are present in low concentrations, their presence can significantly impact the properties of amorphous materials. For example, carbon can enhance the hardness and wear resistance of amorphous materials, phosphorus and sulfur can affect the material's processing properties and toughness, while aluminum, yttrium, and copper can adjust physical properties such as electrical and thermal conductivity. Iron-based amorphous materials with these compositions and concentrations exhibit excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and magnetic properties, meeting the specific requirements of cookware.It should be noted that the iron-based amorphous material of the present application can form a uniform and stable cookware coating after subsequent nitriding and oxidation treatments, ensuring the uniform color of the cookware during use. More specifically, the natural ilmenite can be processed by the following methods: Crushing: The natural ilmenite is crushed using crushing equipment to reduce its particles to facilitate subsequent processing. Gravity separation-magnetic separation-flotation combined process: The ground ilmenite is classified, and gangue (silicon oxide, calcium carbonate, etc.) is removed by gravity separation. Magnetic separation is used to remove ferric oxide. Finally, flotation is used to remove silicon oxide, calcium carbonate, ferric oxide, and other impurities that did not remain after gravity separation and magnetic separation. The result is a high-purity ore whose main components are titanium dioxide and ferrous oxide. Grinding: Through ball milling, drying, shaping, roasting, and cooling, titanium concentrate is obtained. The titanium concentrate contains 60% to 85% iron oxide, 15% to 40% titanium oxide, and the remainder is impurities. Reduction Method: The principle of preparing iron-based amorphous materials through thermal reduction is as follows: Aluminum and titanium oxide reaction: Under high temperature conditions, aluminum (reducing agent) reacts with xTiO2*yFeO (the main component of the titanium concentrate). Specifically, the following reaction process can be used for understanding: TiO2 + 3Al → Al2O3 + 2E; 2Al + 3FeO → 3Fe + Al2O3. Because xTiO2 and yFeO in the ilmenite concentrate are "chelated" together, the Fe and Ti in the ilmenite concentrate are randomly distributed at high temperatures, resulting in a hematite structure (i.e., a corundum-type structure). During the reduction reaction, titanium and iron are simultaneously generated, also in a "chelated" manner. The disordered distribution of Fe and Ti is retained at high temperatures, ultimately forming an iron-based amorphous material primarily composed of iron and titanium. Furthermore, processing natural ilmenite also includes the step of removing aluminum oxide. Specifically, the aluminum oxide generated in the aforementioned reaction must be removed to ensure the quality of the prepared iron-based amorphous material. For example, the generated aluminum oxide can be removed using an acid wash method. Specifically, the aluminum oxide-containing iron-titanium amorphous alloy is first immersed in 10.7% hydrochloric acid at 50°C for 2 hours to remove the aluminum oxide. The alloy is then rinsed with water to obtain a pure iron-based amorphous material.According to the present application, the volume fraction of the amorphous phase of the iron-based amorphous material is within the range of 55%-70%. Accordingly, the volume fraction of the amorphous phase of the amorphous material layer 20 is also within the range of 55%-70%. As such, the amorphous material layer 20 has a low surface energy and excellent wear resistance and hardness, providing protection for the outer oxidation-treated layer 40. Furthermore, even if the cookware is worn to this layer during use, it still maintains its excellent non-stick properties. Furthermore, the amorphous material layer 20 has excellent corrosion resistance, preventing corrosive media from corroding the substrate. The iron-based self-fluxing alloy according to the present application will be described in detail below. In some embodiments, the amorphous material is a mixture of an iron-based amorphous material and an iron-based self-fluxing alloy. The iron-based amorphous material is the same as or similar to the iron-based amorphous material described above. The main components of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy include C: 0.5%-0.6%, Si: 2%-3.5%, B: 1%-2%, Cr: 12%-14%, Ni: 28%-34%, and the balance Fe. In a preferred embodiment, the main components of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy include C: 0.55%, Si: 3%, B: 1.5%, Cr: 13%, Ni: 30%, and the balance Fe. C can improve the hardness and strength of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy, but excessive carbon may increase the brittleness of the alloy. Therefore, controlling the C content within the range of 0.5% to 0.6% can ensure hardness while avoiding the impact of brittleness. Silicon content in the range of 2% to 3.5% improves the alloy's fluidity and wettability, helping the iron-based self-fluxing alloy form a good bond with the iron-based amorphous material during melting. Silicon also enhances the alloy's corrosion and oxidation resistance. Boron content in the range of 1% to 2% refines the iron-based self-fluxing alloy's grain size, increasing its strength and toughness. Boron also improves its wear and corrosion resistance. Chromium content in the range of 12% to 14% forms a dense oxide film, protecting the alloy from corrosion. Chromium also enhances the alloy's hardness and wear resistance. Niobium content in the range of 28% to 34% enhances the alloy's strength and toughness while lowering its brittle transition temperature. It also improves the alloy's machinability and weldability. The balance is iron.Iron is the primary component of iron-based self-fluxing alloys, ensuring their essential mechanical properties. Iron-based self-fluxing alloys with the above chemical composition and content exhibit high strength, high hardness, excellent corrosion resistance, and wettability, forming a good bond with iron-based amorphous materials, further enhancing the performance and lifespan of cookware. In some embodiments, the amorphous material is a mixture of an iron-based amorphous material and an iron-based self-fluxing alloy. Based on the total weight of the amorphous material being 100%, the iron-based amorphous material accounts for 95%-98% of the total weight of the amorphous material, with the remainder being the iron-based self-fluxing alloy. Using this mixture of an iron-based amorphous material and an iron-based self-fluxing alloy as the amorphous material, due to the excellent wettability and self-fluxing properties of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy, the addition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy forms a good bond with the amorphous material, forming an amorphous material with excellent corrosion resistance and hardness. This ensures the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the amorphous material layer of the cookware. According to the present application, the nitrided layer 30 is formed by nitriding the amorphous coating. As an example, the amorphous coating is a layer formed of an amorphous material. After the nitriding treatment, a first nitrided region 31 and a second nitrided region 32 are formed. The first nitrided region 31 and the second nitrided region 32 constitute the nitrided layer 30. The first nitrided region comprises a mixed layer of an amorphous material and a first nitride. The first nitride is a solid solution of the amorphous material and nitrogen. Exemplarily, based on 100% by weight of the first nitrided region, the amorphous material accounts for 50%-80% by weight, with the balance being the first nitride. The second nitrided region comprises a mixed layer of a cookware base material and a second nitride. The second nitride is a solid solution of the cookware base material and nitrogen. Exemplarily, based on 100% by weight of the second nitrided region, the cookware base material accounts for 60%-90% by weight, with the balance being the second nitride. According to the present application, the surface of the first nitrided region 31 has a concavo-convex structure. The oxidation layer 40 is formed on the surface of the first nitrided region 31, with 50%-70% of the oxidation layer 40 located in the concave portions of the concavo-convex structure. As such, the dense and hard first nitrided region 31 effectively protects the oxidation layer 40, preventing damage to the non-stick coating surface from hard components such as shovels.In some embodiments, the second nitrided region 32 comprises multiple sublayers dispersed on the surface of the cookware base 10. The first nitrided region 31 comprises a main body and protrusions formed on the bottom surface of the main body. The protrusions penetrate the amorphous material layer 20 and connect to the second nitrided region 32. In these embodiments, the protrusions on the main body of the first nitrided region 31 serve as a connecting bridge, tightly connecting the cookware base 10, the amorphous material layer 20, and the first nitrided region 31. This creates a continuous and stable structure, strengthens the bond between the non-stick coating and the cookware base, and makes the entire coating more secure and durable. Furthermore, due to the presence of the sublayers, the non-stick coating can better disperse and relieve stress when subjected to external forces or temperature changes, reducing the possibility of cracking or flaking of the coating. In some embodiments, the second nitrided region 32 forms a chemical bond with the cookware base 10. It can be understood that during the cookware manufacturing process, nitrogen atoms chemically react with the cookware base material, forming a stable nitride structure. This allows the cookware to withstand high stress and temperature fluctuations, thereby improving the structural strength and stability of the entire cookware. According to the present application, the first nitrided region serves as an intermediate layer between the amorphous material layer and the oxidation-treated layer, primarily enhancing the hardness and wear resistance of the coating. Its thicker structure more effectively resists scratches from cooking utensils and wear from the bottom of the pot, thereby extending the service life of the non-stick coating. The second nitrided region is located between the first nitrided region and the cookware base, and its thickness ensures a strong bond between the coating and the cookware base. This layer not only enhances the overall structural stability of the coating but also helps prevent flaking or blistering during use. In some embodiments, the thickness of the first nitrided region is 15 μm-70 μm, and the thickness of the second nitrided region is 2 μm-10 μm. If the thickness is too small, it cannot meet the stress and temperature change requirements of the cookware. If the thickness is too large, the performance is excessive, resulting in wasteful manufacturing costs. Oxidation Treatment Layer 40 According to the present application, the oxidation treatment layer 40 is formed by oxidizing the first nitrided region 31. As an example, the first nitrided region includes a mixed layer of an amorphous material and a first nitride. After the oxidation treatment, the formed oxidation treatment layer 40 is a mixed layer of an amorphous material and an oleophilic oxide.It should be noted that during this process, oxygen atoms are generally more active than nitrogen atoms and more easily react with metals. Therefore, the oxidation reaction takes precedence over the stable existence of nitrides, resulting in the iron nitride in the surface layer of the first nitrided region 31 being gradually consumed by the oxidation reaction, forming a mixed layer of amorphous material and oleophilic oxide. The iron nitride in the surface layer of the first nitrided region 31 reacts with water vapor at high temperatures to produce ferroferric oxide and ammonia. Titanium nitride reacts with water vapor at high temperatures to produce titanium oxide, ammonia, and hydrogen. Specifically, the oxidation-treated layer 40 is an oleophilic oxide layer comprising alternating ferroferric oxide particles and titanium oxide particles. Based on the total weight of the oleophilic oxide layer as 100%, the weight percentage of ferroferric oxide is 70-90%, and the weight percentage of titanium oxide is 10-30%. Oxides above this weight are oleophilic and can therefore form an oil film on the surface of the cookware, contributing to a non-stick effect. In some embodiments, the oxidation layer has a low surface energy. For example, the surface energy of the oxidation layer is 30 to 50 dynes. Such a low surface energy oxidation layer, when used as the surface layer of cookware, helps maintain the non-stick properties of the cookware. According to the present application, the oxidation layer, when used as the surface layer of the non-stick coating, can ensure the non-stick properties of the cookware with an appropriate thickness. In some embodiments, the thickness of the oxidation layer is 1 μm to 3 μm, primarily providing an initial non-stick function. When the thickness of the oxidation layer is less than 1 μm, the initial non-stick property may fail too quickly. When the thickness of the oxidation layer is greater than 3 μm, the reaction time between the surface of the first nitrided region and oxygen increases with increasing oxidation depth, which may result in uneven oxide film formation. This unevenness may cause the oxide film to become loose in structure. According to a second aspect of the present application, a method for manufacturing cookware is provided, comprising: step S101, forming an amorphous coating having a predetermined rough surface by thermally spraying an amorphous material on a cookware substrate; step S102, nitriding the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating, such that nitrogen atoms react with the amorphous coating to form a first nitrided region, and nitrogen atoms react with the cookware substrate to form a second nitrided region. The first nitrided region is located on the outer layer of the amorphous coating, and the second nitrided region is located inside the first nitrided region and extends from the bottom of the first nitrided region to the cookware substrate.In step S103, the first nitrided region is oxidized to form an oxidation-treated layer on its surface, thereby producing the cookware. The first nitrided region comprises a mixed layer of an amorphous material and a first nitride, and the second nitrided region comprises a mixed layer of the cookware base material and the second nitride. The oxidation-treated layer is an oleophilic oxide layer and serves as the surface layer of the cookware's non-stick coating. It should be noted that the non-stick coating comprises an amorphous material layer 20, a first nitrided region 31 laminated outside the amorphous material layer 20, and an oxidation-treated layer 40 laminated outside the first nitrided region 31. The non-stick coating also includes a second nitrided region 32 extending from the bottom of the first nitrided region to the cookware base 10. The amorphous material layer 20 is the unnitrided portion of the amorphous coating formed by thermally spraying the amorphous material. The first nitrided region 31 is formed by the combination of nitrogen atoms with the amorphous material layer 20, and the oxidation-treated layer 40 is formed by the combination of oxygen atoms with the first nitrided region. The following describes a method for manufacturing cookware according to the present application, with reference to specific embodiments. A cookware base is provided. According to the present application, the cookware base 10 can be made of commonly used materials. Exemplary materials include stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, their corresponding alloys, and composite materials. As an example, the cookware base 10 includes any one of an iron base, a magnesium base, a copper alloy base, an aluminum base, a stainless steel base, a titanium base, and composite materials formed from these bases. It will be appreciated that the method for manufacturing cookware according to the present application is adaptable to a variety of cookware bases, eliminating the need to restrict the cookware manufacturing method to a specific base material. This provides greater convenience for cookware manufacturing. For example, different base materials can be combined to create new cookware with unique properties, leveraging the complementary performance of different materials and improving the overall integrity of the cookware. According to the present application, the cookware base 10 can have a shape corresponding to the function of the cookware. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , when the non-stick cookware is a non-stick pan, the cookware base 10 may have a conventional pan shape. It should be understood that FIG. 1 exemplarily illustrates only the main body of the non-stick pan and does not show other parts. The non-stick pan according to the present invention may also include common cookware structures / components such as a handle (e.g., a pot handle). Providing an amorphous material According to the present application, the amorphous material is the amorphous material described in the above embodiment. In some embodiments, the amorphous material is granular, and the particle size of the amorphous material is in the range of 30 μm to 70 μm. It should be noted that the amorphous material herein is an iron-based amorphous material, or a mixture of an iron-based amorphous material and an iron-based self-fluxing alloy. As an example, the iron-based self-fluxing alloy and the iron-based amorphous material are both in the range of 30 μm to 70 μm, resulting in a particle size of the amorphous material in the range of 30 μm to 70 μm. In these embodiments, the amorphous material having an average particle size in the range of 30 μm to 70 μm by thermal spraying can form an amorphous coating with a predetermined rough surface. Specifically, when the particle size of the amorphous material is less than 30 μm, molten droplets are likely to appear in the formed thermal spray coating, resulting in a poor appearance. When the particle size is greater than 70 μm, the surface roughness of the formed thermal spray coating is relatively large, resulting in a poor final appearance. In addition, the amorphous material in the range of 30 μm to 70 μm can better contact and bond with the surface of the cookware substrate. At the same time, The interpenetrating effect between particles can also enhance the cohesive strength of the amorphous coating, making it more durable and reliable. Furthermore, amorphous materials in the range of 30 μm to 70 μm have excellent fluidity and filling properties, enabling the formation of a relatively uniform and dense amorphous coating during the spraying process, effectively reducing voids and defects in the amorphous coating. Forming the Amorphous Coating According to the present application, the amorphous coating is formed by thermally spraying a layer of amorphous material onto the inner surface of a substrate. According to the present application, the amorphous coating can at least partially cover the inner surface of the substrate. In other words, the amorphous coating can cover part or all of the inner surface of the substrate. The amorphous coating is formed by thermally spraying the amorphous material provided in the embodiments of the present application, thereby exhibiting non-stick properties and improved hardness. According to some embodiments of the present application, the amorphous phase of the amorphous material can comprise 55% to 70% by volume. Thermal spraying of the amorphous material can retain its amorphous nature, forming an amorphous coating with a certain amorphous phase volume fraction. Specifically, during the thermal spraying process, only the surface of the amorphous material is slightly melted, and the individual particles are interconnected. Thus, an amorphous coating is formed in which the volume proportion of the amorphous phase is 55%-80%. In an exemplary embodiment, the thermal spraying is specifically plasma spraying.The plasma spraying process parameters may be: current 500A-600A; voltage 50V-70V; chlorine gas flow rate 1000L / h-2000L / h; hydrogen gas flow rate 50L / h-70L / h; powder feed gas flow rate 20L / h-50L / h; powder feed rate 20g / min-40g / min; spray distance 15cm-30cm; spray angle 50°-70°; substrate temperature 25°C-35°C. O According to the present application, by controlling the particle size and spraying parameters of the amorphous material, an amorphous coating with a predetermined pore structure can be formed. The surface layer of the amorphous coating is relatively dense. When the amorphous material is thermally sprayed within the aforementioned process parameter range, the amorphous material powder can be fully melted and an amorphous coating of suitable thickness with both amorphous properties and pores can be formed on the surface of the substrate. For example, the thickness of the formed amorphous coating can be 20 μm-70 μm. For example, the formed amorphous coating has a surface pore structure suitable for reaction with fluorosilane materials or silane coupling agents. As an example, the coating has high density, and the pores are small and so few that they are invisible to the naked eye. Specifically, the porosity of the pore structure can be 2% to 5%, and the pore size is 0.2 μm to 2 μm. Under certain spraying parameters, the amorphous coating formed from the amorphous material has properties similar to those of the amorphous material, for example, similar amorphous properties, certain non-stickiness, and hardness. According to other embodiments of the present application, the amorphous material powder itself has a certain degree of amorphism, for example, 55%-70%. Using the amorphous material powder and controlling the surface temperature of the cookware substrate during the spraying process, an amorphous coating having an amorphous phase volume fraction in the range of 60%-95% is formed, which can be improved by 5%-25% compared to the aforementioned embodiments. oThis is determined by the chemical composition / content of the amorphous material of the present application itself and the cooling rate of the coating during the spraying process. Therefore, an amorphous coating with a higher degree of amorphization can be formed after spraying. According to the present application, the substrate includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other. The step of controlling the surface temperature of the substrate during the spraying process includes: cooling the second surface of the substrate, spraying the amorphous material on the first surface of the substrate, thereby forming an amorphous coating with a preset amorphous phase volume ratio on the first surface of the substrate. Specifically, the step of cooling the second surface of the substrate includes applying cold air to the second surface of the substrate, and controlling the temperature of the cold air to -5-0 ° C. Then, the amorphous material is sprayed on the first surface of the substrate. The amorphous coating formed in this way has a relatively improved amorphous phase volume ratio. In an exemplary embodiment, the amorphous phase volume ratio in the amorphous coating is 60%-95%, which can be increased by 5%-25%. oThis allows the surface of the cookware that contacts food to have a low surface energy, thereby achieving excellent non-stick properties. It should be noted that the first surface can be the inner surface, and the second surface can be the outer surface. This application does not limit this in any way. It is understood that, based on the teachings of this application, those skilled in the art can configure the first surface to be the outer surface and the second surface to be the inner surface based on actual usage requirements. In an exemplary embodiment, cooling the second surface of the substrate includes placing the second surface of the substrate in an environment of cooling gas. For example, the cooling gas temperature is -15°C to 5°C, and the cooling gas flow rate is 2000L / h to 4000L / h. The amorphous coating with an amorphous structure according to the present invention can retain the various properties of the aforementioned amorphous material and, by controlling the cookware surface temperature during the spraying process, exhibit properties superior to those of the amorphous material, such as, but not limited to, non-stickiness and hardness. It should be noted that when the cookware substrate is iron or stainless steel, and the amorphous material comprises 55% to 85% iron, 10% to 40% titanium, and the remainder is impurities, where the impurities include at least one of carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, ytterbium, and copper, due to the similarity in chemical composition between the cookware substrate and the amorphous material, when the amorphous material is sprayed onto the cookware substrate via thermal spraying to form an amorphous coating, the amorphous material can be well integrated with the substrate surface during the thermal spraying process, thereby ensuring the bonding strength between the amorphous coating and the cookware substrate, making the coating less susceptible to shedding or peeling during use. According to the present application, the amorphous coating has a predetermined roughened surface. As an example, the surface roughness of the amorphous coating is 20 μm-50 μm. When the surface roughness of the amorphous coating is less than 30 μm, the roughness is too small, the protective protrusions are not obvious, and the oxidation treatment layer is easily worn. When the surface roughness of the amorphous coating is 50 μm, the final appearance is relatively rough, affecting the appearance. According to the present application, the predetermined lattice spacing within the amorphous coating is nitrided, so that a corresponding solid solution structure can be formed during the subsequent nitriding and oxidation.Specifically, the cookware substrate with an amorphous coating is nitrided, causing nitrogen atoms to form a first nitrided region with the amorphous coating and a second nitrided region with the cookware substrate. The first nitrided region is located outside the second nitrided region and comprises a mixed layer of amorphous material and a first nitride, wherein the first nitride is a solid solution of the amorphous material and nitrogen. The second nitrided region comprises a mixed layer of the cookware substrate material and the second nitride, wherein the second nitride is a solid solution of the cookware substrate material and nitrogen. According to the present application, the nitrided regions formed by nitriding the cookware substrate with an amorphous coating can fill the pores of the amorphous coating, reducing the possibility of corrosive media entering between the cookware substrate 10 and the amorphous material layer 20, thereby ensuring corrosion resistance. According to the present application, during the nitriding process, the nitriding temperature, nitriding time, and the nitrogen content in the nitriding furnace (controlled by the concentration of ammonia) jointly determine the degree of nitriding of the cookware substrate with an amorphous coating. This affects the nitriding depth, thus impacting the performance of the cookware substrate (durability, corrosion resistance). Ammonia (NH3) is used as the nitriding atmosphere due to its high activity, ease of control, and excellent permeability. These properties make it an ideal nitrogen source for the nitriding process. The primary effect of temperature is the decomposition of ammonia into nitrogen and hydrogen. As the temperature increases, the decomposition rate accelerates, providing more nitrogen atoms. Furthermore, high temperatures promote the diffusion of nitrogen atoms within the amorphous coating, allowing them to react with elements within the coating (such as iron and titanium) to form nitrides. The nitriding time determines the depth of nitrogen atom penetration. An appropriate nitriding time ensures an appropriate penetration depth while maintaining coating performance. It should be noted that a longer nitriding time is not necessarily better. Excessively long times may lead to over-nitriding of the coating, impacting its performance. The ammonia concentration determines the nitrogen content in the nitriding furnace. A higher ammonia concentration increases the number of nitrogen atoms in the furnace and accelerates their penetration into the amorphous coating. However, excessive concentrations may result in excessive nitride formation on the coating surface, affecting coating uniformity and performance. In an exemplary embodiment, nitriding the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating includes placing the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating in a nitriding furnace. The nitriding furnace is a device used for nitriding treatment and can provide a stable temperature and atmosphere.Ammonia gas is introduced to ensure that the volume fraction of ammonia in the nitriding furnace is no less than 90%. Ammonia, as a gas in the nitriding treatment, reacts with the metal surface at high temperatures to form nitrides. High ammonia concentrations help accelerate the nitriding process and improve the nitriding effect. The furnace pressure is maintained at 1 to 1.2 atmospheres, and the furnace temperature is adjusted to 130°C to 150°C to activate atoms on the surface of the cookware substrate and the amorphous coating, preparing for the subsequent nitriding reaction. The ammonia flow rate is then adjusted to 700 L / h to 1000 L / h. The furnace temperature is then adjusted to 530°C to 580°C and maintained for 3 to 7 hours. Under these high-temperature and high-flow conditions, the nitriding reaction proceeds rapidly, and nitrogen atoms form corresponding nitrided areas on the amorphous coating and the cookware substrate. The temperature is maintained for 3 to 7 hours to ensure sufficient nitridation reaction, forming a nitrided layer of predetermined depth and uniformity. After the nitrided layer is formed, the ammonia flow rate is adjusted to 300 to 500 L / h, and the furnace temperature is lowered at a rate of 2 to 4°C / min. This cooling process helps stabilize the structure of the nitrided layer and gradually cools the nitrided layer to room temperature, thereby avoiding stress or cracking caused by rapid cooling. Finally, after the furnace temperature drops to 50°C, the ammonia flow is stopped. Under the influence of the above parameters, since the surface of the amorphous coating has a predetermined rough structure, during nitridation, the valleys of the rough structure will be nitrided onto the cookware substrate. In other words, the nitrided layer 30 according to the present application will appear in different regions, for example, including a first nitrided region 31 and a second nitrided region 32. The first nitrided region 31 comprises a mixed layer of an amorphous material and a first nitride, and the second nitrided region 32 comprises a mixed layer of the cookware base material and the second nitride. As an example, the thickness of the first nitrided region is 15 μm to 70 μm, and the thickness of the second nitrided region is 2 μm to 10 μm. In these embodiments, the above nitriding treatment can form nitrided regions with excellent performance. These nitrided regions not only improve the hardness and wear resistance of the cookware, but also enhance its corrosion resistance and non-stick properties, providing a good foundation for subsequent oxidation treatment and use.According to the present application, after nitridation, oxidation is performed on the surface of the formed first nitrided region 31, so that the surface layer of the first nitrided region 31 reacts and forms an oxidized layer 40. According to the present application, during the oxidation process, parameters such as the oxygen content in the oxidation furnace, the oxidation temperature, and the oxidation time determine the degree of oxidation of the cookware substrate with the amorphous coating, that is, the oxidation depth, which in turn affects the performance of the cookware substrate (durability, corrosion resistance). Water vapor is used as the oxidizing atmosphere. Water vapor provides the required oxygen atoms during the oxidation process, promoting the oxidation reaction. Compared with some other oxidants, water vapor does not produce harmful substances during the reaction, resulting in a stable reaction and environmentally friendly. The water vapor concentration is also an important parameter, which directly determines the rate and extent of the oxidation reaction. The water vapor concentration is generally determined by the input water flow rate. A higher water flow rate results in a higher water vapor concentration, resulting in a denser oxide film. However, it should be noted that the water flow rate cannot be increased indefinitely. Beyond a certain range, the density of the oxide film will no longer be significantly improved. Furthermore, appropriate oxidation temperature and time ensure that the water vapor reacts with, for example, iron and titanium in the first nitrided region, thereby forming a uniform and dense oxide film. Excessively short oxidation temperature / time may result in incomplete oxidation, while excessively long oxidation temperature / time may trigger unnecessary side reactions or degrade cookware performance. In some exemplary embodiments, the step of oxidizing the first nitrided region includes placing the cookware substrate having the first nitrided region in an oxygen permeation furnace. The oxygen permeation furnace is an oxidation treatment device that provides a stable temperature and atmosphere. The temperature of the oxygen permeation furnace is adjusted to 420°C to 540°C to activate atoms on the surface of the first nitrided region, preparing for the subsequent oxidation reaction. The steamed filling water is continuously introduced into the oxygen permeation furnace at a flow rate of 10 g / s to 15 g / s for a duration of 0.5 h to 6 h. The steamed filling water reacts with the first nitrided area at high temperature to form an oxidation treatment layer.The flow rate and duration of the steaming water are adjusted to form a uniform oxidation layer of a predetermined depth. After the oxidation layer is formed, the steaming water is stopped and the furnace temperature is lowered to 50°C at a cooling rate of 2°C / min to 4°C / min. This helps stabilize the structure of the oxidation layer and allows the oxidation layer to gradually cool to room temperature, thereby avoiding stress or cracking caused by rapid cooling. In these embodiments, the above oxidation treatment can form an oxidation layer with excellent performance. The oxidation layer not only improves the non-stick properties of the cookware, but also enhances its corrosion resistance and wear resistance, providing excellent protection for the cookware's use. Furthermore, the oxidation layer is typically darker in color, ensuring the cookware's appearance. Sealing Treatment: According to the present application, the surface layer of the non-stick coating has a pore structure capable of storing oil, which can be filled with grease or silicone oil. A sealing layer can also be provided on the outside of the non-stick coating to further enhance the initial non-stick properties. Specifically, after forming the non-stick coating, the method for manufacturing cookware further includes filling the non-stick coating with grease or silicone oil to form a surface seal, thereby ensuring the non-stick and corrosion-resistant properties of the cookware coating. In some embodiments, filling the non-stick coating with silicone oil to form a surface seal includes applying silicone oil to the surface of the non-stick coating, allowing it to penetrate into the surface pores of the non-stick coating, and sintering the non-stick coating at a first predetermined temperature for a first predetermined time, thereby forming a surface seal on the non-stick coating. In an exemplary embodiment, the silicone oil may be polydimethylsilicone oil. After application, the cookware coated with polydimethylsilicone oil may be placed in a sintering furnace for curing, wherein the first predetermined curing temperature is 300°C-400°C and the first predetermined curing time is 3-10 minutes. In some embodiments, filling the non-stick coating with grease to form a surface seal includes immersing the non-stick coating in grease at a second predetermined temperature for a second predetermined time, allowing the grease to penetrate into the surface pores of the non-stick coating, thereby forming a surface seal on the non-stick coating. In an exemplary embodiment, the oil may include cooking oil (peanut oil, rapeseed oil) or palm oil. The cooking oil or palm oil is heated to a second preset temperature and maintained for a second preset time, thereby forming a sealing layer on the non-stick coating. The second preset temperature is 80° C.-100° C., and the second preset time is 10-30 minutes.According to the present application, by filling the non-stick coating with grease or silicone oil, a surface seal is formed. This makes the non-stick coating hydrophobic due to the oil film. This ensures the non-stick properties of the cookware. For example, before silicone oil treatment, the non-stick coating can have a surface energy of 30 to 50 dynes. Although this is lower than the surface energy of fluorocarbon coatings (18 to 25 dynes), after grease or silicone oil treatment, the surface energy of the non-stick coating can be reduced to 10 to 25 dynes, achieving non-stick properties comparable to or even superior to those of fluorocarbon coatings. Silicone oil is superior to grease in optimizing non-stick properties. Furthermore, it prevents the ingress of corrosive media, thereby improving corrosion resistance. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to these embodiments. Example 1: The cookware according to Example 1 is manufactured using the following method. Step S10: Prepare a cookware base. Specifically, a stainless steel sheet was deep-drawn, then subjected to alkaline cleaning and degreasing, dried, and sandblasted to produce a 1.5 cm thick cookware base. In step S20, an amorphous material with an average particle size of 40 μm was prepared. The chemical composition of the amorphous material included 85% iron, 15% titanium, and the remainder impurities (carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, yttrium, and copper). In step S30, a non-stick material was sprayed onto the cookware base. Specifically, 400-mesh amorphous material powder was loaded into a powder feeder, and the parameters were set as follows: current 300A; voltage 60V; chlorine gas flow rate 1500 L / h; hydrogen gas flow rate 60 L / h; powder feed gas flow rate 30 L / h; powder feed rate 30 g / min; spray distance 20 cm; spray angle 60°. , substrate temperature 30°C, non-stick material powder was sprayed on the inner surface of the substrate to obtain an amorphous coating with a maximum thickness of 70 μm and a surface roughness of 30 gm.Step S40: Nitriding the cookware substrate with the amorphous coating. Specifically, the cookware substrate with the amorphous coating is placed in a nitriding furnace. Ammonia gas is introduced so that the ammonia volume fraction in the nitriding furnace is not less than 90%. The furnace pressure is 1.1 atmospheres. The furnace temperature is adjusted to 140° C. The ammonia flow rate is then adjusted to 900 L / h, and the furnace temperature is then adjusted to 560° C. and maintained at this temperature for 6 hours. Finally, the ammonia flow rate is adjusted to 400 L / h, and the furnace temperature is lowered to room temperature at a cooling rate of 3° C. / min. Under these conditions, a nitrided layer is obtained. The nitrided layer includes a first nitrided region and a second nitrided region. The first nitrided region is located on the outer layer of the amorphous coating, and the second nitrided region is located on the inner side of the first nitrided region and extends from the bottom of the first nitrided region to the cookware substrate. The maximum thickness of the first nitrided region is 46 gm. The average thickness of the second nitrided region was 6 gm. oIn step S50, the first nitrided region is oxidized. Specifically, the cookware substrate having the first nitrided region is placed in an oxygenation furnace, and the furnace temperature is adjusted to 450°C. Steaming water is continuously introduced into the oxygenation furnace at a flow rate of 10 g / s for 3 hours. The furnace temperature is then lowered to room temperature at a rate of 3°C / min, thereby completing the manufacture of the cookware of Example 1. Example 2: In step S20, the cookware of Example 2 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that an amorphous material with an average particle size of 30 μm is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 3: In step S20, the cookware of Example 3 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that an amorphous material with an average particle size of 70 μm is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 4: In step S20, the cookware of Example 4 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 80% iron, 15% titanium, and the balance impurities) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 5: In step S20, the cookware of Example 5 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 75% iron, 15% titanium, and the balance impurities) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 6: In step S20, the cookware of Example 6 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 75% iron, 20% titanium, and the balance impurities) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 7: In step S20, the cookware of Example 7 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this example includes 70% iron, 15% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 8: In step S20, the cookware of Example 8 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this example includes 70% iron, 20% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1.Example 9: In step S20, the cookware of Example 9 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 70% iron, 25% titanium, and the remainder impurities) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 10: In step S20, the cookware of Example 10 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 65% iron, 15% titanium, and the remainder impurities) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 11: In step S20, the cookware of Example 11 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 65% iron, 20% titanium, and the remainder impurities) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 12: In step S20, the cookware of Example 12 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 65% iron, 25% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material in Example 1. Example 13: In step S20, the cookware of Example 13 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 65% iron, 30% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material in Example 1. Example 14: In step S20, the cookware of Example 14 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 60% iron, 15% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material in Example 1. Example 15: In step S20, the cookware of Example 15 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 60% iron, 20% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 16: In step S20, the cookware of Example 16 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 60% iron, 25% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1.Example 17: In step S20, the cookware of Example 17 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 60% iron, 30% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 18: In step S20, the cookware of Example 18 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the chemical composition of the amorphous material in this embodiment includes 60% iron, 35% titanium, and the remainder impurities) is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 19: In step S20, the cookware of Example 19 is manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the amorphous material in this embodiment is a mixture of the iron-based amorphous material and the iron-based self-fluxing alloy in Example 1, wherein the iron-based amorphous material accounts for 97% by weight and the iron-based self-fluxing alloy accounts for 3% by weight) is used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Example 20: The cookware of Example 20 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that in step S30, the outer surface of the cookware substrate was placed in a circulating cooling air environment (the cooling air temperature was -15°C) to form the amorphous coating. Comparative Example 1: The cookware of Comparative Example 1 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that in step S20, a different material (the material in this comparative example is natural ilmenite, which, based on the total weight of the natural ilmenite being 100%, comprises 48% titanium oxide, 8% ferrous oxide, 33% ferrous oxide, 5% magnesium oxide, and the remainder aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, and calcium carbonate) was used in place of the amorphous material of Example 1, and steps S40 and S50 were omitted. Comparative Example 2 The cookware of Comparative Example 2 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the material in this comparative example is natural ilmenite, which, based on the total weight of the natural ilmenite being 100%, comprises 48% titanium oxide, 8% ferric oxide, 33% ferrous oxide, 5% magnesium oxide, and the remainder being aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, and calcium carbonate) was used to replace the amorphous material of Example 1.Comparative Example 3: The cookware of Comparative Example 3 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that in step S20, a different material (the material in this comparative example is ferrous magnesium aluminum titanate) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1, and steps S40 and S50 were not performed. Comparative Example 4: The cookware of Comparative Example 4 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that in step S20, a different material (the material in this comparative example is ferrous magnesium aluminum titanate) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1. Comparative Example 5: The cookware of Comparative Example 5 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that in step S20, a different material (the material in this comparative example is a high-carbon amorphous alloy FeCrWTiNi) was used instead of the amorphous material of Example 1, and steps S40 and S50 were not performed. Comparative Example 6: The cookware of Comparative Example 6 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that a different material (the material in this comparative example is a high-carbon amorphous alloy FeCrWTiNi) was used in place of the amorphous material of Example 1 in step S20. Comparative Example 7: The cookware of Comparative Example 7 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that step S40 was not performed (i.e., nitriding was not performed). Comparative Example 8: The cookware of Comparative Example 8 was manufactured using the same method as Example 1, except that step S50 was not performed (i.e., oxidation was not performed). Test Methods, Evaluation Criteria, and Test Results: Performance tests were conducted on the coatings of the cookware obtained in Examples 1 to 20 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8, and the results are recorded in Table 1 below. The specific performance test methods are as follows: I. Test Methods and Evaluation Criteria

[0002] 1. Initial non-stick test method: GB / T32095.2-2015 Fried egg non-stick test method. This method is an initial non-stick test and is divided into levels I, II, and III. Level I has the best non-stickiness and Level III has the worst non-stickiness.

[0003] 2. Level I long-lasting non-stick test method: The long-lasting non-stick test method in GB / T32388-2015 is measured in times. The higher the number, the longer the life. The non-stick result is evaluated every 500 times, and the number of times is recorded until it reaches Level II.

[0004] 3. Level II long-lasting non-stick test method: The long-lasting non-stick test method in GB / T32388-2015 is measured in times. The higher the number, the longer the life. The non-stick result is evaluated every 500 times, and the number of times is recorded until it reaches Level III.

[0005] 4. Corrosion Resistance Test Method: Clean the cookware with a neutral detergent. Then, add a 5% NaCl solution (prepared with steamed water) to the cookware, filling it to 1 / 3 of its volume. Heat on a gas stove with an asbestos mesh until it boils and then simmers slightly (continuously add steamed water during the heating process to maintain the solution's original concentration). Observe the condition of the cookware every 0.5 hours and record the time when rust appears.

[0006] 5. Adhesion test method: Use a 500g steel ball to drop from a certain height above the bottom plane of the sample. If there is no cracking, increase the height by 5cm for the next test. If cracking occurs, this height is the adhesion height of the cookware coating.

[0007] 6. Hardness Test and Evaluation Criteria: The Vickers hardness test method was used to test the Vickers hardness of the cookware coating, where the unit of hardness is HV. For hardness testing, the higher the measured hardness value, the harder the sample. For non-stick coatings, the higher the hardness, the harder the non-stick coating. This increases the non-stick coating's resistance to abrasion from spatulas and food, making it less susceptible to wear and tear, and thus extending its service life. Generally speaking, a non-stick coating's hardness is expected to be no less than 600 HV. II. Test Results Table 1 Test Results Table As can be seen from Table 1, the cookware according to the present application exhibits excellent Class I and Class II long-lasting non-stick properties, as well as good hardness, corrosion resistance, and adhesion. Therefore, the cookware coating not only exhibits excellent Class I and Class II long-lasting non-stick properties, hardness, and corrosion resistance, but also possesses excellent adhesion, making the cookware non-stick coating more durable. Specifically, nitriding the amorphous coating can improve the coating's hardness and adhesion, while the subsequent oxidation treatment can form a cookware surface layer with even better non-stick properties. Combining Examples 1, 2, and 3, it can be seen that coatings formed from non-stick materials with larger particle sizes exhibit better Class II long-lasting non-stick properties. This is because the larger particle size creates a suitable surface roughness structure, which protects the oxidized surface layer, ensuring longer-lasting non-stick properties. As can be seen from Examples 1 and 20, by controlling the spraying process (i.e., placing the outer surface of the cookware under a cooling gas environment during the plasma spraying process), the durable non-stick performance can be improved to a certain extent. However, the cookware coating of the comparative example clearly fails to achieve excellent non-stick properties, scratch resistance, adhesion, and corrosion resistance, resulting in poor cookware durability. While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims and their equivalents. The embodiments should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined not by the specific embodiments thereof, but by the claims, and all differences within the scope are to be construed as encompassed by the present invention. While the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims and their equivalents. However, it should be understood that, in the opinion of those skilled in the art, these modifications and variations will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application as defined by the claims.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims and their equivalents. The embodiments should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined not by the specific embodiments thereof but by the claims, and all differences within the scope are to be construed as being included within the present invention.

Claims

Claims 1. A cooker, characterized in that: The cookware comprises a cookware base (10) and a non-stick coating formed on the cookware base, wherein the non-stick coating comprises an amorphous material layer (20), a first nitrided region (31) stacked on the outside of the amorphous material layer, and an oxidation treatment layer (40) stacked on the outside of the first nitrided region, and the non-stick coating further comprises a second nitrided region (32) extending from the bottom of the first nitrided region (31) to the cookware base, wherein the amorphous material layer (20) is formed of an amorphous material, the first nitrided region (31) comprises a mixed layer of an amorphous material and a first nitride, the second nitrided region (32) comprises a mixed layer of a cookware base material and a second nitride, and the oxidation treatment layer (40) is an oleophilic oxide layer and serves as a surface layer of the non-stick coating of the cookware.

2. The cooker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the amorphous material layer (20) is 2|im-10|im; and / or the thickness of the first nitrided region (31) is 15|im-70|im, and / or the thickness of the second nitrided region (32) is 2 gm-10gm; and / or the thickness of the oxidation treatment layer (40) is 1(im-3|im.

3. The cooker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The surface energy of the oxidation-treated layer (40) is 30 dynes to 50 dynes.

4. The cooker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The amorphous material is an iron-based amorphous material.

5. The cooker according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The amorphous material is a mixture of an iron-based amorphous material and an iron-based self-fluxing alloy. Based on the total weight of the amorphous material being 100%, the weight of the iron-based amorphous material accounts for 95%-98%, and the balance is the iron-based self-fluxing alloy.

6. The cooker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the iron-based self-fluxing alloy includes: C: 0.5%-0.6%, Si: 2%-3.5%, B: 1%-2%, Cr: 12%-14%, Ni: 28%-34% and the balance of Fe o 7. The cooker according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: Based on the total weight of the iron-based amorphous material being 100%, the composition of the iron-based amorphous material includes 60% to 85% of iron, 15% to 40% of titanium, and the remainder of impurities, wherein the impurities include at least one of carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, aluminum, yttrium and copper.

8. The cooker according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The surface pores of the non-stick coating are filled with grease or silicone oil.

9. A method for manufacturing a cooker, characterized in that: The method for manufacturing a cooker comprises: 26 An amorphous coating (20) having a preset rough surface is formed on a cookware substrate (10) by thermally spraying an amorphous material; the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating is nitrided so that nitrogen atoms and the amorphous coating form a first nitrided region (31), and the nitrogen atoms and the cookware substrate form a second nitrided region (32), wherein the first nitrided region (31) is located on the outer layer of the amorphous coating, and the second nitrided region (32) is located on the inner side of the first nitrided region (31) and extends from the bottom of the first nitrided region (31) to the cookware substrate (10); the first nitrided region (31) is oxidized so that the surface layer of the first nitrided region (31) is formed into an oxidation treatment layer (40), thereby manufacturing a cookware; wherein the first nitrided region (31) includes a mixed layer of an amorphous material and a first nitride, and the second nitrided region (32) The invention comprises a mixed layer of a cookware base material and a second nitride, wherein the oxidation-treated layer is an oleophilic oxide layer and serves as the surface layer of the non-stick coating of the cookware.

10. The method for manufacturing a cooker according to claim 9, wherein: The nitriding of the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating (20) comprises: placing the cookware substrate having the amorphous coating in a nitriding furnace, introducing ammonia gas so that the volume of ammonia gas in the nitriding furnace accounts for not less than 90%, and adjusting the furnace temperature of the nitriding furnace to 130°C to 150°C; then adjusting the ammonia gas flow rate to 700L / h to 1000L / h, and then adjusting the furnace temperature to 530°C to 580°C, keeping the temperature for 3h to 7h, and finally adjusting the ammonia gas flow rate to 300L / h to 500L / h, and reducing the furnace temperature to room temperature at a cooling rate of 2°C / min to 4°C / min.

11. The method for manufacturing a cooker according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The step of oxidizing the first nitrided area (31) comprises: placing the cookware substrate having the first nitrided area in an oxygen infiltration furnace, adjusting the temperature of the oxygen infiltration furnace to 420°C to 540°C; continuously passing steaming water into the oxygen infiltration furnace at a flow rate of 10g / s to 15g / s for 0.5h to 6h, and then reducing the furnace temperature to room temperature at a cooling rate of 2°C / min to 4°C / min.

12. The method for manufacturing a cooker according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The thickness of the amorphous coating (20) is 20 gm-70 gm, the thickness of the oxidation treatment layer (40) is 1 gm-3 gm, and the thickness of the first nitrided region (31) is less than or equal to the thickness of the amorphous coating. The cookware substrate (10) includes any one of an iron substrate, a magnesium substrate, a copper alloy substrate, an aluminum substrate, a stainless steel substrate, a titanium substrate, and a composite substrate formed by the above substrates.

13. The method for manufacturing a cooker according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that: The amorphous material is a granular material with an average particle size ranging from 30 μm to 70 μm.

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