Wind generator rotor

Abstract

A low-noise rotor for centrifugal / axial fans, vertical wind turbines and hydromachines is disclosed. The rotor comprises at least two blades fixed around a central shaft (1) by fastening elements (4). Each blade incorporates a first helical plate formed from a concave -convex (2) rotation surface and a second helical plate formed from a convex-concave (3) rotation surface. The convex-concave (3) plates of the blades, the radii of rotation of the points of the surfaces of which in the planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor are larger than the radii of rotation of the points of the surfaces of the concave -convex (2) plates, are placed more distant from the rotor's axis of rotation than the concave -convex (2) plates, which reduces turbulence, noise and vibration while improving flow efficiency.

Description

[0001] WIND GENERATOR ROTOR

[0002] The utility model falls into the power-plant engineering and can be used in the production of rotors of horizontal and vertical wind generators, as well as fans.

[0003] Known vertical-axis wind generator in which working blades of fixed width are mounted around a vertically placed cylindrical surface. The opposite ends of each blade are twisted longitudinally and make an angle of inclination of 90 degrees [US Patent US 2008 / 0095631 Al Apr. 24, 2008], The design of the blades and working elements of the wind generator ensures a high degree of use of wind energy and, at the same time, significantly agitates the medium in the volume of rotation, which causes noise and vibrations.

[0004] Known universal Onipko rotor, which contains at least two arcuate blades, which are located around the axis of rotation of the rotor and each of which is connected by a fastening element located near the axis of rotation of the rotor, the generatrix of the curved side surface of the arcuate blade is essentially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor, the upper edge of the curved side surface of the arcuate blade is connected to the edge of the concave side surface of the arcuate blade, while the curved surface of the arcuate blade is smoothly inclined from the axis of rotation of the rotor towards the base of this blade, the connection of the edge of the concave side surface of the arcuate blade with the upper edge of the curved side surface of the arcuate blade is made at an angle, and the opposite edge of the concave side surface of the arcuate blade is connected at an angle with the curved side surface of the adjacent arcuate blade [Patent of Ukraine for Invention No. 106414 MIIK F03D1 / 06, B64C 11 / 00, B63H 1 / 14, Aug. 26, 2014], The significant disadvantages of this universal rotor are the formation of turbulent flows behind the upper edge of the concave side surface, which leads to braking of the blade. The entire area of the convex side surface, when rotating around the axis, repels the medium in the volume of rotation of the specified surface, agitates it, causes noise, vibrations, and restrains the rotation of the blades. The closest to the claimed rotor in technological terms is a multifunctional low-noise rotor containing at least two arcuate blades, which are located around its axis of rotation and each of the arcuate blades is connected by a fastening element, the rotor blade plates are made as parts of circular convex-concave and concave-convex surfaces of rotation, the axes of which coincide with the rotor’s axis of rotation, the convex-concave blade plates, the radii of rotation of the points of the surfaces of which in the planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor are smaller than the radii of rotation of the points of the surfaces of the concave-convex plates which are placed closer to the rotor’s axis of rotation, the concavity of the upper parts of the blade plates that are more distant from the axis is directed perpendicular to the rotor’s axis of rotation. In the rotor, the ends of the convex-concave plates are placed distantly from the ends of the concave-convex plates, as well as with a gap to the inner surface of the concave-convex plates, and the outer surface of the convex-concave plates with the inner surface of the concave-convex plates make an acute angle. [Ukraine’s Patent for Utility Model No. 152842 MIIK F03B 3 / 08, F03B 3 / 12, F03D 1 / 06, B64C 11 / 16, Apr. 19, 2023], However, the placement of the blade plates provides negligible rotor performance.

[0005] The proposed low-noise rotor of wind generators contains at least two blades placed around its rotation axis using fastening elements, and each of the blades contains at least two helical plates made as parts of convex and concave rotation surfaces, with rotation radii of the surface points in the planes perpendicular to the rotor’s rotation axis equal to the rotation radii of these points in the rotation surfaces. The upper part of the rotor, with a vertical placement of the rotor’s axis of rotation, has blade plates with lower rotation radii of their surface points. When the distance along the rotor’s axis to its lower part increases, the rotation radii of these points increase as well, the lower parts of the concave blades are directed from the rotor’s axis, and the lower parts of the convex blades are directed towards the rotor’s axis, according to the utility model, the convex blades, the radii of rotation of the points of the surfaces of which in the planes perpendicular to the rotor’s axis of rotation are larger from the radii of rotation of the points of the surfaces of the concave plates, are placed further from the rotor’s axis of rotation than the concave plates.

[0006] The proposed low-noise rotor of wind generators, according to the utility model, has the ends of the sides of the concave plates, which are closer to the rotor’s axis, and aligned under an acute angle to the inner surface of the convex plates, placed with a gap to the specified surfaces and at a distance from the ends of the sides of the convex plates, in which the radii of rotation around the rotor axis are smaller.

[0007] The utility model is based on the task of proposing a rotor design that will ensure high performance of rotors of horizontal and vertical wind generators as well as fans, at the same time providing low noise and vibration levels.

[0008] The above task is solved as follows.

[0009] The proposed low-noise rotor of wind turbines is illustrated with the attached drawings. Fig. 1 shows a schematic design of the proposed rotor, in which the convex blades are placed further from the rotor’s axis of rotation than the concave blades. Fig. 2 shows the A-A section from Fig. 1. The proposed rotor design (see Fig. 1, 2) includes a shaft 1, the axis of rotation of which coincides with the rotor’s axis of rotation, the blades formed by concave 2 and convex 3 plates, as well as fastening elements 4.

[0010] When the rotor rotates as part of a vertical wind generator, the rotor rotation axis 1 is positioned perpendicular to the wind flow. The wind flow is directed to the outer surface of the concave plate 2 and the inner surface of the convex plate 3, and thus provokes pressure forces at an angle of attack, thereby creating a torque. In addition, since the concave plates 2 are directed towards the inner surface of the convex plate 3, which is shown in the section A-A of Fig. 2, the additional airflow enhances the torque forces and intensifies the rotor’s rotation. The movement of air along the helical space between the plates from the lower to the upper parts of the rotor increases a torque as well. To increase the performance of a vertical wind generator, the rotors can be placed in rows, or otherwise the blades can be placed in one or more helical lines along the rotor’s axis of rotation. Fastening elements 4, to which the blade plates are attached, are placed perpendicular to the rotor’s axis of rotation and are made from a narrow strip of rolled metal. The ends of both sides of the strip are wedge-shaped, which reduces the noise level during the rotors’ rotation.

[0011] When using the rotor as part of a horizontal wind generator, the rotor axis 1 is placed parallel to the wind flow. The wind flow is directed from the side of the smaller radii of the points of rotation of the plates to the outer surface of the concave plates 2 and the inner surface of the convex plates 3, which provokes pressure forces at the angle of attack and creates a torque. The extra airflow, which comes due to the direction of the concave plates 2 towards the inner surfaces of the convex plates 3, enhances the torque forces. The movement of air along the helical space between the plates 2 and 3 also contributes to an increase in the torque. The rotor rotates in the direction opposite to the increase in the radii of rotation of the points of the plate surfaces.

[0012] Increased performance of a horizontal wind generator can be achieved when placing many blades perpendicular to the rotor’s axis of rotation. It is promising to use a large number of the proposed low-noise low-power rotors in the vertical area of a horizontal wind generator.

[0013] To use the proposed low-noise rotor as part of an axial fan, an electric motor should be connected to the rotor shaft. When the rotor shaft rotates in the direction opposite to the decrease in the radii of rotation of the points of the plate surfaces, air enters the space between the plates and moves in the axial direction to the upper part of the rotor.

[0014] The proposed low-noise rotor can be used in mechanisms for generating electricity by using sea waves.

[0015] Since the blade plates are made as parts of convex and concave surfaces of rotation, the radii of rotation of the surface points of which perpendicular to the rotor’s axis of rotation are equal to the radii of rotation of these points in the rotation surfaces, the plates penetrate the volume of air in which they rotate, and do not agitate it as well as do not cause noise and vibration.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 04 September 2025 (04.09.2025)1 . The rotor of wind generators has at least two blades placed around its rotation axis using fastening elements, and each of the blades has at least two helical plates made as parts of convex and concave rotation surfaces, with rotation radii of the surface points in the planes perpendicular to the rotor’s rotation axis which are equal to the rotation radii of these points in the rotation surfaces, which differs in that the convex blade plates, the radii of rotation of the points of the surfaces of which perpendicular to the rotor rotation axis are larger than the radii of rotation of the points of the concave plates, are placed further away from the rotor rotation axis than the concave plates, in the upper end part of the rotor, the convex and concave blade plates with smaller radii of rotation of the points of their surfaces around the rotor axis are placed, with gradual approach of the surface points of the plates to the base, the radii of rotation of the points of these surfaces increase, and the lower parts of the convex plates are directed towards the rotor axis and are made with a slight reduction of the radii of rotation.

2. The low-noise rotor of wind generators as per cl. 1, which differs in that the edges of the outer sides of the concave plates and the inner sides of the convex plates, which are closer to the rotor axis, located in its upper part at a distance from each other, gradually decrease when approaching the base edges of the plates, and the ends of the edges of the sides of the concave plates, with reduced distances between the edges, are directed at an acute angle to the inner surfaces of the edges of the convex plates.

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