Method and device for ultra-high-power laser-submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding of thick plates

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of welding. Provided are a method and device for ultra-high-power laser-submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding of thick plates. The hybrid deep penetration welding method specifically comprises: forming a double-Y groove between abutment surfaces of two plates to be welded; in a welding direction, positioning a laser heat source in front of a submerged arc heat source, both being on the same straight line, so as to collectively form a molten pool, wherein the laser heat source is tilted forward relative to the normal direction of the plates, and the submerged arc heat source is tilted backward relative to the plates; during welding, melting a submerged arc welding wire into the molten pool under the combined action of the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source; and welding a groove on one side, and upon completion thereof, welding a groove on the other side. By means of integrating ultra-high-power laser and submerged arc welding, the present invention can realize efficient and high-quality welding of thick plates with low porosity.

Description

Thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc composite deep melting welding method and device TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc composite deep melting welding method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Thick plate welding structures are widely used in shipbuilding, large bridges, petrochemical industry, boilers and containers, heavy machinery and other industrial sectors, and are also the mainstream trend of future welding. Thick plate structure welding generally adopts multi-layer multi-pass welding, which produces many problems such as uncontrollable welding line energy, remelting heat treatment of the rear layer welding to the front layer welding to change the welding direction, and deformation of the base material caused by the heat affected zone of multi-layer welding, resulting in low automation degree of thick plate structure welding. Therefore, it is urgent to realize efficient and high-quality welding of thick plate welding.

[0003] Quality compliant joining of different quality thick walled steels is becoming increasingly important for many different industrial sectors. The processing of construction steels with a plate thickness of more than 30 mm is common in the construction of pipelines (longitudinal welded pipelines), ships or cranes. Today, these welding tasks are accomplished using conventional arc welding processes. Here, several welding passes have to be executed by different welding processes; this makes the quality compliant joining of construction steels with a plate thickness of more than 30 mm a time-consuming welding task.

[0004] Thick plate material welding usually needs to open a double-sided V-shaped groove before welding, and the groove is filled with submerged arc welding (SAW) process. This welding process needs to use multi-layer multi-pass welding method, and the interlayer is easy to appear defects such as slag inclusion, the heat distortion of the welded joint is serious after welding, and the joint needs to be straightened after welding; at the same time, this welding process needs to consume a large amount of welding material to increase the welding cost.

[0005] At present, vacuum electron beam welding and vacuum laser welding with high energy density can realize welding with large penetration depth. Compared with SAW process, vacuum electron beam welding and vacuum laser welding reduce welding time and the amount of welding material used, but vacuum electron beam welding and vacuum laser welding method need to be carried out in a vacuum environment, which limits the size of the welded component and increases the equipment cost; at the same time, such welding method also has the disadvantages of low gap adaptability. The above problems can be solved by combining laser beam with gas metal arc welding (GMAW), but with the increase of laser energy, the solidification time of the molten pool is short, when the welding thickness is > 12mm, the welding internal pores cannot overflow in time, resulting in high porosity in the weld, which is difficult to meet the use conditions, even if double-sided welding is used, only 30mm thick test plate can be welded without defects, for > 30mm thick plate, only multi-layer multi-pass welding can be used, which needs long welding time and low welding efficiency. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application proposes a thick plate ultra-high power laser-buried arc composite deep melting welding method and device, which combines ultra-high power laser with submerged arc welding, and can realize efficient and high-quality welding of thick plate with low porosity.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following scheme:

[0008] A thick plate ultra-high power laser-buried arc composite deep melting welding method, the butt welding surfaces of two plates to be welded adopt double Y-shaped grooves; along the welding direction, the laser heat source is in front and the submerged arc heat source is in back, and the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source are on the same straight line, sharing a molten pool; wherein the laser heat source is inclined forward along the normal direction of the plate to be welded or relative to the normal direction of the plate to be welded, and the submerged arc heat source is inclined backward relative to the normal direction of the plate to be welded; during welding, the submerged arc welding wire is melted into the molten pool under the joint action of the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source, and the single-sided groove is welded; after one side of the groove is welded, the welding of the other side of the groove is carried out.

[0009] The present application also provides a thick plate ultra-high power laser-buried arc composite deep melting welding device, which comprises a composite welding gun, a walking mechanism and a platform base; the walking mechanism is installed on the platform base, and the composite welding gun is installed on the walking mechanism; the composite welding gun comprises a connecting plate and a laser and a submerged arc welding gun installed on the connecting plate; the connecting plate is connected with the walking mechanism through an adapter plate; on the connecting plate, the laser is in front and the submerged arc welding gun is in back, and the laser and the submerged arc welding gun are on the same straight line, which can realize shared molten pool during welding; the walking mechanism is used to drive the composite welding gun to move along X, Y and Z directions, so as to adjust the position of the composite welding gun and drive the composite welding gun to walk along the welding direction; wherein the X direction is the welding direction, the Z direction is the normal direction of the plate to be welded, and the Y direction is the direction perpendicular to the X direction in the plane of the plate to be welded.

[0010] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0011] The present application uses a submerged arc heat source to replace a MIG (Melt Inert-gas Welding) / MAG (Metal Active Gas Arc Welding) heat source. Compared with the MIG / MAG heat source, the submerged arc heat source has higher heat input, and the flux has good heat insulation capacity. The submerged arc welding molten pool is long and deep. By introducing the submerged arc heat source, the solidification time of the laser welding molten pool is increased, and the porosity of the weld and the crack tendency are reduced.

[0012] The other technical solutions of the present application have the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0013] (1) In the present application, by arranging a baffle between the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source, the flux of the submerged arc heat source can be prevented from entering the laser welding area.

[0014] (2) The present application uses a submerged arc heat source to replace a MIG / MAG heat source. Since the submerged arc welding wire has a large diameter, by introducing the large-diameter submerged arc welding wire, the deposition efficiency of the welding process can be increased.

[0015] (3) The welding method of the present application uses a large-blunt-edge groove form, which reduces the amount of filler metal and improves the thick plate welding efficiency under the premise of ensuring the welding quality. The double-sided welding form can offset the welding deformation amount.

[0016] (4) The welding method of the present application can realize high-quality protection of the weld: a laser protector is arranged in front of the laser to protect the laser welding area, and the flux is melted to form a slag shell to protect the submerged arc welding area. Thus, the welding quality is improved by using double protection.

[0017] (5) The welding method of the present application is used for thick plate double-sided welding, which can use a small laser gun head inclination angle to increase the weld penetration depth. Combined with the use of a large groove form, the time for the overflow of the super-high-power deep penetration welding pores is increased. The submerged arc welding power source uses a direct current positive connection mode, and high submerged arc welding current and voltage are used to increase the submerged arc welding penetration depth and the molten pool solidification time, and reduce the weld porosity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a large-blunt-edge double-Y-shaped groove form used in embodiment 1.

[0020] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser-submerged arc hybrid welding gun;

[0021] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hybrid welding device in Example 2;

[0022] Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of X-ray porosity detection after welding;

[0023] Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the welding surface and cross section after welding by using the ultra-high power laser-submerged arc hybrid welding method;

[0024] Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the welded joint after welding by using the ultra-high power laser-submerged arc hybrid welding method;

[0025] Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the tensile fracture morphology of the welded joint;

[0026] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the impact fracture morphology of the welded joint;

[0027] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the test results of the deformation after welding.

[0028] Legend: 1, laser; 2, protective gas pipe; 3, submerged arc welding gun; 4, baffle; 5, cross slide; 6, Y-direction moving unit; 7, adapter plate; 8, X-direction driving mechanism; 9, linear guide rail; 10, Z-direction driving motor; 11, submerged arc welding wire feeding disc; 12, submerged arc welding agent hopper; 13, platform base; 14, connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0030] The present application proposes a thick plate ultra-high power laser-submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding method and device, which combines ultra-high power laser and submerged arc welding to realize efficient and high-quality welding of thick plates with low porosity.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] In view of the technical problems that the traditional welding method can only use multi-layer and multi-pass welding for a plate thickness greater than 30 mm, and the welding time is long and the welding efficiency is low, the embodiment provides a thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc composite deep penetration (single-pass welding penetration depth greater than 10 mm) welding method, which uses submerged arc welding process instead of GMAW process. Since the submerged arc welding process has greater energy input, it can increase the solidification time of the molten pool and prolong the pore overflow time, thereby reducing the porosity of the weld. The ultra-high power laser-arc double-sided composite deep penetration welding method provided in the embodiment can realize efficient and high-quality welding of a plate thickness greater than 30 mm (i.e., the thickness of the "thick plate" mentioned in the present solution is greater than 30 mm) with low porosity.

[0034] Before welding, welding preparation is performed, that is, welding pretreatment is performed to process a groove on the butt joint surface of the two plates to be welded. After the groove is processed, the plates to be welded are placed in the fixture for welding. Specifically, the form and size of the groove are designed according to the thickness of the plates to be welded, as shown in FIG. 1, the groove is a large blunt edge double-Y-shaped groove (i.e., a groove is arranged on both sides of the thickness direction of the plate to be welded); the thickness of the plate to be welded ranges from 35 mm to 80 mm, the size of the blunt edge ranges from 20 mm to 60 mm, and the angle of the groove ranges from 75° to 120°.

[0035] When the groove is processed, the designed specific groove size is processed using an electric spark wire cutting equipment, and the processing accuracy is required to be ±0.1 mm. The groove processed by wire cutting is removed of surface oxides using a grinding machine, and then surface oil stains are removed using alcohol or acetone.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 2, during welding, the laser heat source (i.e., the laser 1) is in front and the arc heat source (i.e., the submerged arc welding gun 3) is behind along the welding direction (if the arc heat source is in front, the flux behind the arc heat source will cover the surface of the weld, which will produce a solid slag shell, and the slag shell will affect the welding stability of the laser beam, so it is limited that the laser heat source is in front and the arc heat source is behind), and the laser heat source and the arc heat source are on the same straight line, sharing the molten pool. The laser heat source is inclined forward along or relative to the normal direction of the plate to be welded, and the included angle between the axis of the laser heat source and the normal direction of the plate to be welded is 0°-15°; the arc heat source is inclined backward relative to the normal direction of the plate to be welded, and the backward inclination angle is 5°-15° (i.e., the included angle between the axis of the submerged arc welding gun 3 and the normal direction of the plate to be welded).

[0037] To avoid the welding process, the flux of submerged arc heat source into the laser welding area, interfere with the laser; laser heat source and submerged arc heat source between the baffle 4: baffle 4 and the gap between the surface of the plate to be welded is 0.5mm ~ 1.0mm, baffle 4 and the gap between the surface of the plate to be welded is too small, baffle 4 will be with the surface of the plate to be welded collision affect the stability of the welding process, the gap is too large to play a role in blocking the flux into the laser welding area. The width of the baffle 4 is greater than the width of the groove 10mm ~ 12mm, the width of the baffle 4 is too small to play a role in blocking the flux into the laser welding area, the width of the baffle 4 is too wide to be prone to collision. The material of the baffle 4 is high temperature ceramic plate or copper plate. The baffle 4 is inclined to the normal direction of the plate to be welded, and the inclination angle is 2° ~ 5° (i.e. the angle between the baffle 4 and the normal direction of the plate to be welded); the inclination angle of the baffle 4 is too small, and the baffle 4 will interact with the submerged arc heat source, and the inclination angle is too large, which will cause the laser heat source to hit the baffle 4.

[0038] In addition, the laser heat source is provided with a protective gas pipe 2, that is, gas protection laser welding is adopted; the gas outlet of the protective gas pipe 2 is located in the action area of the laser heat source, which can blow away the flux in the action area of the laser heat source while realizing gas protection. Therefore, the influence of the flux of the submerged arc heat source on the laser is avoided through the action of the baffle 4 and the protective gas pipe 2. The protective gas pipe 2 is arranged in front of the laser gun head 1 to protect the laser welding area. The function of the welding protective gas is to protect the action area of the laser welding hole, remove the flux falling into the welding position through the baffle 4, blow away part of the plasma generated by the laser, and increase the protection effect and stability of the welding process.

[0039] During welding, the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source output heat sources at the same time. The submerged arc welding wire melts into the molten pool under the joint action of the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source, and one side of the groove is welded. After the side of the groove is welded, the other side of the groove is welded in the same way.

[0040] The composite deep penetration welding method adopts submerged arc welding process instead of GMAW process. Since the submerged arc welding process has greater energy input, the solidification time of the molten pool can be increased, the gas hole overflow time can be prolonged, and the porosity of the weld can be reduced. At the same time, the ultra-high power laser-submerged arc composite deep penetration welding method can realize high-efficiency and high-quality welding of a plate with a thickness greater than 30mm with low porosity.

[0041] The laser heat source adopts a fiber laser or a YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet crystal, Y3Al5O 12 ) solid-state laser; the fiber core diameter is 200μm; the laser heat source power is 20kW ~ 30kW, and the laser gun defocusing amount is -40mm ~ -10mm.

[0042] The submerged arc heat source adopts a submerged arc welding gun of a direct current welding power source; the diameter of the submerged arc welding wire is 3.6mm-5.0mm, the power source characteristics of the submerged arc heat source are selected as direct current positive connection, the current of the submerged arc heat source is 800A-1100A, and the voltage of the submerged arc heat source is 38V-45V.

[0043] The light-wire spacing (referring to the spacing between the laser and the submerged arc welding wire) is 18mm-22mm; if the light-wire spacing is too close, the flux of the submerged arc heat source in the welding process will fall into the laser welding crater, and meanwhile, excessive flux will interact with the laser, resulting in unstable welding process and reducing the weld penetration; if the light-wire spacing is too far, the effect of the composite heat source cannot be achieved.

[0044] The welding speed is 0.3m / min-0.6m / min.

[0045] The flux flow of the submerged arc heat source is 35L / min-40L / min; if the flux flow is too small, the molten pool cannot be well protected; if the flux flow is too large, excessive flux will flow into the laser welding area, reducing the stability of the welding process.

[0046] The protective gas flow output by the protective gas pipe 2 of the laser heat source is 25L / min-30L / min; if the protective gas flow is too small, the protection effect in the welding process is not good; if the protective gas flow is too large, the submerged arc heat source will be blown away, and pores are prone to occur in the welding process. The protective gas can be argon or helium.

[0047] The following specifically gives an embodiment of welding by using the ultra-high power laser-submerged arc composite deep penetration welding method:

[0048] The base material (i.e. the plate to be welded) is 60mm-thick 35CrMnSiA steel, the submerged arc welding wire is selected as H35CrMnSi welding wire with a diameter of 5mm, and the flux is selected as SJ101; the groove size is double Y-shaped groove, the groove bevel is 40mm, and the groove angle is 90° (so in this example, the groove width is 10mm). According to the designed specific groove size, the welding surface of the plate to be welded is processed by using an electric spark wire cutting equipment, the processing precision is required to be ±0.1mm, the groove processed by wire cutting is removed of surface oxides by using a grinding machine, and then surface oil stains are removed by using alcohol or acetone.

[0049] Then the to-be-welded plate is placed in the fixture for welding: the laser heat source is selected as a fiber laser, the fiber core diameter is selected as 200 μm; the laser heat source is in front, and the submerged arc heat source is in back; the front inclination angle of the laser heat source is 10°, and the back inclination angle of the submerged arc heat source is 5°. The material of the baffle 4 is high-temperature-resistant ceramic plate, the gap between the baffle 4 and the surface of the to-be-welded plate is 0.5 mm, the width of the baffle 4 is 30 mm, and the back inclination angle of the baffle 4 is 5°. When welding is performed by using the welding method, the laser heat source, the submerged arc heat source, the baffle, and the water cooling machine of the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source are fixed together to form a laser-submerged arc composite welding gun; the laser-submerged arc composite welding gun is driven to move along the weld seam by the walking mechanism.

[0050] The welding parameters are as follows: the laser power is set as 25 kW, and the laser gun defocusing amount is -30 mm. The submerged arc heat source power supply characteristics are selected as direct current positive connection submerged arc heat source, the current is 900 A, the submerged arc heat source voltage is 42 V, the light wire spacing is 22 mm, the welding speed is 0.6 m / min, the flux flow rate is 35 L / min, the protective gas flow rate is 30 L / min, and the protective gas is argon.

[0051] Before welding, the running states of the water cooling machine, the laser, the submerged arc welding gun and other equipment of the laser and the submerged arc power supply are checked. After the running states of the equipment are normal, the water cooling machine and the walking mechanism are started, the walking mechanism drives the laser-submerged arc composite welding gun to perform welding, and after the welding is completed, the slag shell on the surface of the weld is removed to complete the welding.

[0052] After the to-be-welded plate is welded by using the above-mentioned ultra-high power laser-submerged arc composite deep penetration welding method, the results of X-ray porosity detection of the weld are shown in FIG. 4, which shows that there is no porosity, crack and other defects in the weld; the welding surface and the cross-sectional view are shown in FIG. 5, the front and back of the weld are well formed, which shows that the ultra-high power laser-submerged arc composite welding method can realize double-sided welding forming of the 60 mm thick plate.

[0053] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the composite welded joint by using the composite welding method, the upper part, the lower part and the lap joint of the weld are shown in (a), (b) and (c) in FIG. 6, the microstructure is martensite + bainite; the upper part, the lower part and the lap joint of the fusion zone are shown in (d), (e) and (f) in FIG. 6, the microstructure is martensite + bainite; the upper part, the lower part and the lap joint of the overheated zone are shown in (g), (h) and (i) in FIG. 6, the microstructure is martensite + a small amount of bainite. The microstructure of the base material is shown in (j) in FIG. 6, which is after the post-welding modulation treatment, the microstructure is martensite.

[0054] The mechanical properties of the welded joint by using the composite welding method are shown in Table 1, the mechanical properties of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the welded joint are relatively close.

[0055] Table 1 Mechanical properties of the composite welded joint

[0056] The fracture morphology of the welded joint using the composite welding method is shown in Figure 7, and the welded joint necks before fracture, the fracture dimples of the welded joint are large, and have typical plastic fracture characteristics.

[0057] The impact fracture morphology of the welded joint is shown in Figure 8, and the fracture is relatively smooth, and the dimples have typical plastic fracture characteristics.

[0058] The post-weld deformation test results are shown in Figure 9, and the results show that the thick plate welded by the ultra-high power laser-arc composite double-sided welding method has almost no deformation.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] Based on the above-mentioned example 1, this example gives a composite welding device capable of realizing the composite welding method.

[0061] As shown in Figure 3, the composite welding device includes a composite welding gun, a walking mechanism, and a platform base 13; wherein the walking mechanism is installed on the platform base 13, the composite welding gun is installed on the walking mechanism, the walking mechanism can adjust the position of the composite welding gun, and can drive the composite welding gun to walk along the welding direction to form a weld.

[0062] As shown in Figure 2, the composite welding gun includes a connecting plate 14 and a laser 1 and a submerged arc welding gun 3 installed on the connecting plate 14; the connecting plate 14 is connected with the walking mechanism through an adapter plate 7, so as to install the composite welding gun on the walking mechanism.

[0063] On the connecting plate 14, the laser 1 is in front, the submerged arc welding gun 3 is in back, and the laser 1 and the submerged arc welding gun 3 are on the same straight line, and can realize co-melt pool during welding. Specifically: the connecting plate 14 is an arc plate, and two arc grooves are provided on the connecting plate 14, which are respectively used as the limiting groove of the laser 1 and the limiting groove of the submerged arc welding gun 3, the laser 1 is fixed in the limiting groove of the laser 1 through a limiting plate A 15, and can adjust the position of the laser 1 by moving along the limiting groove of the laser 1 through the limiting plate A, so as to adjust the forward inclination angle of the laser 1; after adjusting to the set angle position, the limiting plate A is limited in the limiting groove of the laser 1 through the fastener, so as to realize the fixation of the laser 1 on the connecting plate 14. Similarly, the submerged arc welding gun 3 is fixed in the limiting groove of the submerged arc welding gun 3 through a limiting plate B 16, and can adjust the position of the submerged arc welding gun 3 by moving along the limiting groove of the submerged arc welding gun 3 through the limiting plate B, so as to adjust the backward inclination angle of the submerged arc welding gun 3; after adjusting to the set angle position, the limiting plate B is limited in the limiting groove of the submerged arc welding gun 3 through the fastener, so as to realize the fixation of the submerged arc welding gun 3 on the connecting plate 14.

[0064] The baffle 4 is connected with the submerged arc welding gun 3 through the limiting plate C, and the baffle 4 is located between the laser 1 and the submerged arc welding gun 3. The limiting plate C is also provided with an arc-shaped groove as a limiting groove of the baffle 4, the connecting part of the baffle 4 can move along the limiting groove, the position of the baffle 4 is adjusted, and then the backward inclination angle of the baffle 4 is adjusted; after being adjusted to the set angle position, the baffle 4 is limited in the limiting groove on the limiting plate C through the fastener, and then the fixation of the baffle 4 on the submerged arc welding gun 3 is realized.

[0065] In addition, the submerged arc welding gun 3 itself has a cross slide 5, and the cross slide 5 has two adjustment degrees of freedom. The height (that is, the distance between the submerged arc welding gun 3 and the surface of the plate to be welded is adjusted separately) and the position (that is, the light wire spacing is adjusted) of the submerged arc welding gun 3 (including the baffle 4, the submerged arc welding gun 3 and the baffle 4 are integrally connected) can be adjusted through the cross slide 5.

[0066] For convenience of description, the welding direction is X direction (that is, left-right direction in FIG. 3), the direction perpendicular to the X direction in the plane of the plate to be welded is Y direction (that is, front-rear direction in FIG. 3), and the normal direction of the plate to be welded is Z direction (that is, up-down direction in FIG. 3); the walking mechanism can drive the whole composite welding gun to move in three axes, including an X-direction moving unit, a Y-direction moving unit 6 and a Z-direction moving unit; as an example, the X-direction moving unit includes an X-direction driving mechanism 8 and a linear guide rail 9 arranged along the X direction; the Y-direction moving unit 6 adopts a hand-operated slide; the Z-direction moving unit includes a Z-direction driving motor 10; as an example, the Z-direction driving motor 10 adopts a linear motor. The connecting plate 14 in the composite welding gun is connected with the adapter plate 7 through the Y-direction moving unit 6, the Y-direction moving unit 6 can drive the whole composite welding gun to move along the Y direction; the adapter plate 7 is connected with the Z-direction moving unit (specifically connected with the power output end of the Z-direction driving motor 10), so that the Z-direction moving unit can drive the whole composite welding gun and the adapter plate 7 to move along the Z direction; the Z-direction moving unit is connected with the X-direction moving unit (specifically: the power output end of the X-direction driving mechanism 8 is connected with a sliding block which is in sliding cooperation with the linear guide rail 9, and the Z-direction moving unit is connected with the sliding block), so that the X-direction moving unit drives the whole composite welding gun, the adapter plate 7 and the Z-direction moving unit to move along the X direction. The linear guide rail 9 is supported on the platform base 13.

[0067] In addition, a submerged arc welding wire feeding disc 11 and a submerged arc welding flux hopper 12 are also provided; the submerged arc welding wire feeding disc 11 is used for wire feeding of the submerged arc welding gun 3, and the submerged arc welding flux hopper 12 is used for delivering flux to the submerged arc welding gun 3.

[0068] Before the welding device is used, firstly, the state of the welding device is adjusted: the laser 1, the submerged arc welding gun 3 and the water cooling system are turned on, and the relative positions of the laser 1, the submerged arc welding gun 3 and the baffle 4 are adjusted; then welding parameters are set: including laser power, defocusing amount, submerged arc welding wire diameter, submerged arc heat source power supply characteristics, submerged arc heat source current, submerged arc heat source voltage, light-wire spacing, welding speed, flux flow, and protective gas flow; finally, the running states of the water cooling system, the laser and the submerged arc welding gun are checked before welding, the water cooling system and the X-direction moving unit are started, the X-direction moving unit drives the composite welding gun to move along the groove to perform welding, and after the welding is completed, the slag shell on the surface of the weld is removed to complete the welding.

[0069] The adaptive changes according to actual requirements are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0070] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described by applying specific examples in the present application, and the above embodiment descriptions are only used for helping to understand the method of the present application and the core idea; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will have changes. In conclusion, the content of the present description should not be understood as the limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc hybrid deep penetration welding, characterized in that: The butt-welding surfaces of the two plates to be welded adopt double Y-shaped grooves; In the welding direction, the laser heat source is in front of the submerged arc heat source, and the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source are on the same line, sharing a molten pool; wherein the laser heat source is inclined forward along or relative to the normal direction of the plate to be welded, and the submerged arc heat source is inclined backward relative to the normal direction of the plate to be welded; During welding, the submerged arc welding wire is melted into the molten pool under the joint action of the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source, and single-sided groove welding is performed; after one side of the groove is welded, the welding of the other side of the groove is performed.

2. The thick plate ultra-high power laser- submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During welding, a baffle is arranged between the laser heat source and the submerged arc heat source.

3. The thick plate ultra-high power laser- submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gap between the baffle and the surface of the plate to be welded is 0.5mm-1.0mm; the baffle is inclined backward relative to the normal direction of the plate to be welded, and the backward inclination angle is 2°-5°; the width of the baffle is greater than the groove width by 10mm-12mm.

4. The thick plate ultra-high power laser- submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the plate to be welded is 35mm-80mm, the land size of the double Y-shaped groove is 20mm-60mm, and the groove angle is 75°-120°.

5. The thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc hybrid deep penetration welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The forward inclination angle of the laser heat source is 0°-15°; the backward inclination angle of the submerged arc heat source is 5°-15°.

6. The thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc hybrid deep penetration welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The distance between the laser beam generated by the laser heat source and the submerged arc welding wire, i.e. the light-wire distance, is 18mm-22mm.

7. The thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc hybrid deep penetration welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The laser heat source adopts a fiber laser or a YAG solid-state laser; the power of the laser heat source is 20kW-30kW, and the laser gun defocusing amount is -40mm--10mm.

8. The thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc hybrid deep penetration welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The submerged arc heat source adopts a submerged arc welding gun of a direct current welding power source; the diameter of the submerged arc welding wire is 3.6mm-5.0mm, the direct current positive connection is selected as the submerged arc heat source power characteristic, the submerged arc heat source current is 800A-1100A, and the submerged arc heat source voltage is 38V-45V.

9. The thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc hybrid deep penetration welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In the submerged arc heat source, the flow rate of the flux is 35L / min-40L / min; in the laser heat source, the flow rate of the protective gas is 25L / min-30L / min; and the welding speed is 0.3m / min-0.6m / min.

10. A thick plate ultra-high power laser-arc composite deep penetration welding device, characterized in that: The composite welding gun, the walking mechanism and the platform base are included; the walking mechanism is installed on the platform base, and the composite welding gun is installed on the walking mechanism; The composite welding gun includes a connecting plate and a laser and a submerged arc welding gun installed on the connecting plate; the connecting plate is connected with the walking mechanism through an adapter plate; on the connecting plate, the laser is in front of the submerged arc welding gun, and the laser and the submerged arc welding gun are on the same line, so that the shared molten pool can be realized during welding; The walking mechanism is used to drive the composite welding gun to move along the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction, so as to adjust the position of the composite welding gun and drive the composite welding gun to walk along the welding direction; wherein the X direction is the welding direction, the Z direction is the normal direction of the plate to be welded, and the Y direction is the direction perpendicular to the X direction in the plane of the plate to be welded.

11. The thick plate ultra-high power laser- submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding apparatus of claim 10, wherein: A baffle is arranged between the laser and the submerged arc welding gun, and the baffle is connected with the submerged arc welding gun through a limiting plate C; an arc-shaped groove is arranged on the limiting plate C as a limiting groove of the baffle; the baffle can move along the limiting groove to adjust the position of the baffle and further adjust the backward inclination angle of the baffle.

12. The thick plate ultra-high power laser- submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: Two arc-shaped grooves are arranged on the connecting plate, which are respectively used as a limiting groove for the laser and a limiting groove for the submerged arc welding gun; The laser is fixed in the limiting groove for the laser by a limiting plate A, and the laser can be adjusted in position by moving the limiting plate A along the limiting groove for the laser, so as to adjust the forward inclination angle of the laser. The submerged arc welding gun is fixed in the limiting groove for the submerged arc welding gun by a limiting plate B, and the submerged arc welding gun can be adjusted in position by moving the limiting plate B along the limiting groove for the submerged arc welding gun, so as to adjust the backward inclination angle of the submerged arc welding gun.

13. The thick plate ultra-high power laser- submerged arc hybrid deep penetration welding apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The submerged arc welding gun has a cross slide, which has two degrees of freedom for adjustment, and is respectively used for adjusting the height of the submerged arc welding gun and the distance between the light and the wire.

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