Dual-polarized antenna, electronic device and antenna system

Abstract

Provided are a dual-polarized antenna, an electronic device and an antenna system, relating to the technical field of communications. The dual-polarized antenna comprises a balun structure, a first coupling structure and a radiation structure, wherein the balun structure comprises a pair of orthogonally distributed feed baluns, and each feed balun is of an inverted L shape and is vertically arranged on a first side of a reflection plate; the first coupling structure comprises four coupling units, and two coupling units on each diagonal line correspond to one feed balun and are located on two sides of the corresponding feed balun; the radiation structure comprises four radiation patches having one-to-one correspondence to the four coupling units, and a gap exists between each radiation patch and a second coupling patch comprised in the corresponding coupling unit. Each feed balun separately forms a pair of air microstrip line structures with the two coupling units on a diagonal line, and each coupling unit and the corresponding radiation patch realize coupling transmission of signals, so that the effects of high bandwidth and high cross-polarization ratio of the dual-polarized antenna are realized on the basis of the coupling transmission of two signals.

Description

Dual-polarized antenna, electronic device and antenna system

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] The present disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410643061.3, filed May 22, 2024, entitled “Dual-polarized antenna, electronic device and antenna system,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a dual-polarized antenna, an electronic device and an antenna system. BACKGROUND

[0004] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the requirements for communication systems are also constantly increasing. In order to increase the system capacity and reduce the influence of multipath fading, diversity technology is usually used to improve the communication quality. In communication antennas, polarization diversity using dual-polarized antennas is a low-cost and effective diversity method.

[0005] In a communication system, a dual-polarized antenna is generally an antenna with two polarization directions of +45 degrees and -45 degrees that are orthogonal to each other. Such an antenna not only can reduce the size of a base station antenna system, but also can achieve good diversity effect. For a dual-polarized antenna, a cross-polarization ratio is generally used to describe the polarization purity of the antenna. The greater the cross-polarization ratio, the stronger the signal orthogonality that can be obtained, the smaller the correlation between the two signals, and the better the diversity effect. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dual-polarized antenna with a high cross-polarization ratio.

[0006] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above BACKGROUND section is only used to strengthen the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore can include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a dual-polarized antenna, an electronic device and an antenna system, which can achieve a higher cross-polarization ratio to improve the antenna effect.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a dual-polarized antenna is provided, comprising:

[0009] a reflector plate;

[0010] a balun structure comprising a pair of orthogonally distributed feed baluns, the feed baluns being Γ-shaped and standing on a first side of the reflector plate, the feed baluns comprising connecting arms, the connecting arms having orthogonally overlapping segments, and a gap existing between the overlapping segments on the two connecting arms;

[0011] The first coupling structure is located on the first side of the reflecting plate and includes four coupling units, the four coupling units are rotationally symmetric about the orthogonal line of the two feed baluns, and two coupling units on the diagonal line correspond to one feed balun and are located on two sides of the corresponding feed balun.

[0012] The coupling unit includes a first coupling patch and a second coupling patch fixedly connected, the first coupling patch is vertically arranged on the reflecting plate and has a gap with the corresponding feed balun, and the second coupling patch is arranged parallel to the reflecting plate and located on the side of the first coupling patch away from the reflecting plate.

[0013] The radiation structure is located on the side of the first coupling structure away from the reflecting plate and includes four radiation patches, the four radiation patches are rotationally symmetric about the orthogonal line and one-to-one correspond to the four second coupling patches, and each radiation patch has a gap with the corresponding second coupling patch in the thickness direction of the reflecting plate.

[0014] The dual-polarized antenna according to any one of the present disclosure, the radiation patch is a rectangular patch, a triangular patch or a maple leaf-shaped patch.

[0015] The dual-polarized antenna according to any one of the present disclosure, the radiation patch is a rectangular patch, and one corner of the radiation patch faces the orthogonal line.

[0016] The dual-polarized antenna according to any one of the present disclosure, the inner corner of the radiation patch facing the orthogonal line has a triangular cut corner.

[0017] The dual-polarized antenna according to any one of the present disclosure, the middle corner adjacent to the inner corner on the radiation patch has a rectangular cut corner.

[0018] The dual-polarized antenna according to any one of the present disclosure, the feed balun includes a feed arm parallel in length direction and a free arm, and the connecting arm connects one end of the feed arm and one end of the free arm, respectively.

[0019] The first coupling patch included in the two coupling units on the diagonal line is parallel to the plane in which the feed arm included in the corresponding feed balun is located and the plane in which the free arm is located, respectively.

[0020] The dual-polarized antenna according to any one of the present disclosure, the plane in which the feed arm of the feed balun is located is parallel to the plane in which the free arm is located.

[0021] The first coupling patch included in the two coupling units on the diagonal line has an overlapping area in the thickness direction of the first coupling patch and is located on both sides of the corresponding feed balun in the thickness direction of the feed arm, respectively.

[0022] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the first coupling structure further comprises a connecting patch, the connecting patch is connected with two adjacent first coupling patches respectively.

[0023] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the feeding arm of the feeding balun is coplanar with the free arm.

[0024] The first coupling patches included in the two coupling units on the diagonal are distributed in the thickness direction of the first coupling patch and are located on the two sides of the corresponding feeding balun in the thickness direction of the feeding arm and the free arm respectively.

[0025] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the coupling unit further comprises a third coupling patch, the third coupling patch is orthogonal to the first coupling patch, and the third coupling patch is opposite to the first coupling patch in the adjacent coupling unit.

[0026] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the second coupling patch is a strip patch, and one end of the second coupling patch in the length direction faces the orthogonal line.

[0027] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the second coupling patch is a rectangular ring patch.

[0028] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the second coupling patch further comprises a connecting strip, the connecting strip is connected in the rectangular ring patch, and one end of the connecting strip in the length direction faces the orthogonal line.

[0029] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the length of the free arm is greater than or equal to 0.01λ and less than or equal to 0.25λ, and the λ refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency of the dual-polarized antenna.

[0030] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the dual-polarized antenna further comprises a second coupling structure, the second coupling structure is located between the first coupling structure and the radiation structure.

[0031] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the second coupling structure is a metal plate, and the metal plate has a pair of orthogonal coupling slots, the length directions of the two coupling slots are parallel to the two diagonal lines of the coupling structure respectively.

[0032] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the present disclosure, the second coupling structure comprises a pair of orthogonal long rectangular patches, the length directions of the two long rectangular patches are parallel to the two diagonal lines of the coupling structure respectively.

[0033] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the radiation structure further comprises a dielectric substrate, and the four radiation patches are located on the dielectric substrate.

[0034] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the reflector plate has a through hole, and the feed ends of the two feed baluns pass through the through hole and are exposed on the second side of the reflector plate.

[0035] According to the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the dual-polarized antenna further comprises a radome.

[0036] The radome at least comprises a cover plate, and the cover plate is located on the side of the radiation structure away from the reflector plate.

[0037] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the above aspects.

[0038] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna system is provided, comprising the dual-polarized antenna of any one of the above aspects.

[0039] The embodiments of the present disclosure at least have the following technical effects:

[0040] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the feeding of two signals can be realized by a pair of orthogonally distributed feed baluns, so as to realize the dual-polarized effect. In addition, each feed balun is spaced apart from the two coupling units on a pair of diagonal lines to form a pair of air microstrip line structures, and each coupling unit is spaced apart from the corresponding radiation patch to realize the coupling transmission of signals. Therefore, after the input of signals on the feed balun, the signals can be coupled to the corresponding pair of radiation patches (two radiation patches on the diagonal line) through the corresponding pair of coupling units (two coupling units on the diagonal line) along the corresponding pair of coupling units (two coupling units on the diagonal line) through the feed balun, so as to realize the coupling transmission of signals and the effects of high bandwidth and high cross-polarization ratio of the dual-polarized antenna, thereby ensuring the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna.

[0041] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into the specification and constitute part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0043] FIG. 1 illustrates an axial side structure schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] FIG. 2 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a balun structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] FIG. 3 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of another balun structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] FIG. 4 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of still another balun structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] FIG. 5 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of a first coupling structure matching a balun structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] FIG. 6 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of the first coupling structure shown in FIG. 5.

[0049] FIG. 7 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of another first coupling structure matching a balun structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] FIG. 8 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of still another first coupling structure matching a balun structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] FIG. 9 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of the first coupling structure shown in FIG. 8.

[0052] FIG. 10 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of still another first coupling structure matching a balun structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] FIG. 11 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of still another first coupling structure matching a balun structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] FIG. 12 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of still another first coupling structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] FIG. 13 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of still another first coupling structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] FIG. 14 illustrates a structural schematic diagram of still another first coupling structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] FIG. 15 illustrates a side structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] FIG. 16 illustrates an axial side structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] FIG. 17 illustrates an axial side structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] FIG. 18 illustrates an axial side structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] FIG. 19 illustrates a schematic view of an axial side structure of yet another dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] FIG. 20 illustrates a schematic view of an axial side structure of yet another dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0063] FIG. 21 illustrates a schematic view of a side structure of the dual-polarized antenna shown in FIG. 20.

[0064] FIG. 22 illustrates a schematic view of an axial side structure of yet another dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] FIG. 23 illustrates a schematic view of an axial side structure of yet another dual-polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0066] FIG. 24 illustrates a curve of a voltage standing wave ratio variation corresponding to the dual-polarized antenna shown in FIG. 23.

[0067] FIG. 25 illustrates a curve of a gain corresponding to the dual-polarized antenna shown in FIG. 23.

[0068] FIG. 26 illustrates a curve of a cross-polarization ratio corresponding to the dual-polarized antenna shown in FIG. 23.

[0069] Reference signs: 10, dual-polarized antenna; O, orthogonal line; 1, reflecting plate; 2, balun structure; 3, first coupling structure; 4, radiating structure; 5, second coupling structure; 6, radome; 11, through hole; 21, feed balun; 22, connecting arm; 23, feed arm; 24, free arm; 25, overlapping section; 26, feed end; 27, protruding section; 28, recessed section; 31, coupling unit; 32, first coupling patch; 33, second coupling patch; 34, connecting patch; 35, third coupling patch; 36, connecting strip; 41, radiating patch; 42, triangular cut corner; 43, rectangular cut corner; 44, dielectric substrate; 51, metal plate; 52, coupling slit; 53, long rectangular patch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] Example embodiments now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments, however, can be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the figures, and thus description of the same will be omitted. In addition, the drawings are to be considered in the illustrative mode, and not necessarily to scale.

[0071] Although relative terms such as "upper", "lower", are used herein to describe one component's relationship to another component of the icon, these terms are used herein for convenience only and are not intended to be limiting. It is to be understood that if the icon were turned over such that the "upper" component became the "lower" component, then such would be within the scope of the present disclosure. It is also to be understood that if a structure is on another structure, it can mean that the structure is formed integrally with the other structure, or that the structure is disposed directly on the other structure, or that the structure is disposed indirectly on the other structure via another structure.

[0072] The terms "one", "a", "an", "the", and "at least one" are used to indicate that "one or more" of the identified element(s) / component(s) / etc. is / are present; the terms "includes" and "including" are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion of the named element(s) / component(s)- / etc. and does not preclude additional, unrecited element(s) / component(s)- / etc. being present; the terms "first", "second", and "third", etc. are used only as labels, and do not imply any limitation on the number of components.

[0073] Fig. 1 illustrates a structure diagram of a dual-polarized antenna 10 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Fig. 2 illustrates a structure diagram of a fixing manner of a balun structure 2 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the dual-polarized antenna 10 includes a reflecting plate 1, the balun structure 2, a first coupling structure 3, and a radiation structure 4. The balun structure 2 includes a pair of orthogonally distributed feed baluns 21, the feed baluns 21 are Γ-shaped, and are vertically arranged on a first side of the reflecting plate 1. The feed baluns 21 include connecting arms 22, the connecting arms 22 have orthogonally overlapping segments 25, and there is a gap between the overlapping segments 25 on the two connecting arms 22. The first coupling structure 3 is located on the first side of the reflecting plate 1, and includes four coupling units 31. The four coupling units 31 are rotationally symmetrical about an orthogonal line O of the two feed baluns 21. Two coupling units 31 on a diagonal line correspond to one feed balun 21, and are located on two sides of the corresponding feed balun 21. The coupling unit 31 includes a fixedly connected first coupling patch 32 and a second coupling patch 33. The first coupling patch 32 is vertically arranged on the reflecting plate 1, and there is a gap between the first coupling patch 32 and the corresponding feed balun 21. The second coupling patch 33 is arranged parallel to the reflecting plate 1, and is located on a side of the first coupling patch 32 away from the reflecting plate 2. The radiation structure 4 is located on a side of the first coupling structure 3 away from the reflecting plate 1, and includes four radiation patches 41. The four radiation patches 41 are rotationally symmetrical about the orthogonal line O, and correspond one-to-one to the four coupling units 31. There is a gap between each radiation patch 41 and the corresponding coupling unit 31 in the thickness direction of the reflecting plate 1.

[0074] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the feeding of two signals can be realized by a pair of orthogonally distributed feed baluns 21, and since there is a gap between each feed balun 21 and the two coupling units 31 including the first coupling patch 31 on a diagonal line to form a pair of air microstrip line structures, and there is a gap between the second coupling patch 33 included in each coupling unit 31 and the corresponding radiation patch 41 to realize the coupling transmission of signals, after the input of signals on the feed balun 21, the signals can be coupled to the first coupling patch 32 included in the corresponding pair of coupling units 31 through the feed balun 21, and then coupled to the corresponding pair of radiation patches 41 (two radiation patches 41 on the diagonal line) through the second coupling patch 33 included in the pair of coupling units 31, to realize the coupling radiation of signals, thereby realizing the effects of high bandwidth and high cross-polarization ratio of the dual-polarized antenna 10, and further ensuring the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0075] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the reflection plate 1, the balun structure 2, the first coupling structure 3 and the radiation structure 4 are all metal materials, so as to effectively ensure the coupling transmission between signals.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the Γ-shaped feed balun 21 is vertically arranged on the reflection plate 1, which means that the feed end 26 of the feed balun 21 faces the reflection plate 1, that is, the feed balun 21 is vertically arranged on the reflection plate 1.

[0077] When the feed end 26 of the feed balun 21 faces the reflection plate 1, the reflection plate 1 can have a through hole 11, and the feed end 26 of each feed balun 21 can pass through the through hole 11 and be exposed on the second side of the reflection plate 1, as shown in FIG. 2. In this way, the exposure of the feed end 26 of the feed balun 21 on the second side of the reflection plate 1 facilitates the electrical connection between the external feeding structure and the two feed baluns 21, thereby simplifying the assembly of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the Γ-shaped feed balun 21 is vertically arranged on the reflection plate 1, which means that the feed end 26 of the feed balun 21 faces the reflection plate 1, that is, the feed balun 21 is vertically arranged on the reflection plate 1.

[0079] In addition, the connection arm 22 included in the feed balun 21 can be in a strip structure, and when the two feed baluns 21 are orthogonally arranged on the reflection plate 1, the length direction of the connection arm 22 of each feed balun 21 can be parallel to the reflection plate 1 and have different distances to the reflection plate 1, as shown in FIG. 2, so as to ensure that there is a gap between the overlapping sections 25 of the two connection arms 22, thereby realizing the isolation between the two feed baluns 21 and avoiding the mutual influence between the two signals on the two feed baluns 21.

[0080] Of course, the structures of the connection arms 22 of the two feed bars 21 can also be different. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the first feed bar 21 of the two feed bars 21 includes a connection arm 22 having a protruding section 27, and the second feed bar 21 includes a connection arm 22 having a recessed section 28. After the two feed bars 21 are orthogonally arranged on the reflector plate 1, the protruding section 27 of the connection arm 22 of the first feed bar 21 faces away from the reflector plate 1, the recessed section 28 of the connection arm 22 of the second feed bar 21 faces toward the reflector plate 1, and the protruding section 27 of the first feed bar 21 and the recessed section 28 of the second feed bar 21 respectively form the overlapping sections 25 on the two connection arms 22. In this way, the gap between the overlapping sections 25 on the two connection arms 22 can be ensured by the protruding section 27 and the recessed section 28, so as to realize the isolation between the two feed bars 21 and avoid the mutual influence between the two signals on the two feed bars 21.

[0081] It should be noted that the gap between the overlapping sections 25 on the two connection arms 22 is greater than or equal to 0.001λ and less than or equal to 0.25λ. This is to avoid the case that the gap between the overlapping sections 25 on the two connection arms 22 is too small, causing the isolation to cross, and thus causing the signals fed into the two feed bars 21 to influence each other. This is also to avoid the case that the gap between the overlapping sections 25 on the two connection arms 22 is too large, causing the dual-polarized antenna 10 to be too high, causing the size to be too large, or causing one feed bar 21 to be too close to the reflector plate 1, which is not conducive to the transmission of the signal on the feed bar 21 and affects the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0082] Here, λ refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency of the dual-polarized antenna 10. For example, the gap between the overlapping sections 25 on the two connection arms 22 is 0.001λ, 0.01λ, 0.05λ, 0.10λ, 0.15λ, 0.20λ, 0.25λ, etc.

[0083] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, the feed bar 21 includes a feed arm 23 and a free arm 24 parallel in the length direction, and the connection arm 22 connects one end of the feed arm 23 and one end of the free arm 24, respectively.

[0084] The end of the feeding arm 23 away from the connecting arm 22 can serve as a feeding end 26 of the feeding balun 21, so that the signal can be fed along the feeding arm 23 and flow to the free arm 24 along the connecting arm 22. In addition, the cross-sectional area of the part of the feeding arm 23 close to the feeding end 26 is greater than the cross-sectional area of the part of the feeding arm 23 away from the feeding end 26, so as to achieve impedance matching on the feeding balun 21 by adjusting the cross-sectional area. For example, the width of the part of the feeding arm 23 close to the feeding end 26 is greater than the width of the part of the feeding arm 23 away from the feeding end 26. Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned manner, impedance matching of the feeding balun 21 can also be achieved by adjusting in other manners, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0085] The end of the free arm 24 away from the connecting arm 22 can serve as a free end of the feeding balun 21, and the length of the free arm 24 can be adjusted to achieve the effect of tuning and improve the transmission effect of the signal. The length of the free arm 24 is greater than or equal to 0.001λ and less than or equal to 0.25λ. For example, the length of the free arm 24 is 0.001λ, 0.01λ, 0.05λ, 0.10λ, 0.15λ, 0.20λ, 0.25λ, etc.

[0086] The feeding arm 23 and the free arm 24 each have a certain width to ensure the transmission of the signal on the feeding balun 21. For the feeding arm 23 and the free arm 24 with a certain width, the plane where the feeding arm 23 is located can be parallel to the plane where the free arm 24 is located, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, and the plane where the connecting arm 22 is located is perpendicular to the plane where the feeding arm 23 is located and the plane where the free arm 24 is located. Alternatively, the feeding arm 23 and the free arm 24 can be coplanar, i.e., the feeding arm 23 and the free arm 24 are located in the same plane, as shown in FIG. 4, and the connecting arm 22, the feeding arm 23 and the free arm 24 are located in the same plane.

[0087] Optionally, the length of the feeding arm 23 is greater than the length of the free arm 24, so that the end of the feeding arm 23 away from the connecting arm 22 can serve as the feeding end 26 without being affected by the free arm 24. In combination with the case that the reflector 1 has the through hole 11, the feeding end 26 of the feeding arm 23 passes through the through hole 11 and is exposed on the second side of the reflector 1, and a certain distance is ensured between the free end of the free arm 24 and the reflector 1, i.e., the free arm 24 is prevented from contacting the reflector 1.

[0088] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, for the first coupling patch 32 and the second coupling patch 33 included in the coupling unit 31, the second coupling patch 33 is parallel to the length direction of the connecting arm 22 and is located on the side of the first coupling patch 32 away from the corresponding feeding balun 21. The first coupling patch 32 included in the two coupling units 31 on the diagonal line is parallel to the plane where the feeding arm 23 of the corresponding feeding balun 21 is located and the plane where the free arm 24 of the corresponding feeding balun 21 is located, respectively.

[0089] Thus, the first coupling patch 32 included in two coupling units 31 on the diagonal of the four coupling units 31 can form a gap microstrip structure with the feeding arm 23 and the free arm 24 included in the corresponding one of the feeding baluns 21, thereby facilitating the transmission of signals between one of the feeding baluns 21 and the corresponding two of the coupling units 31.

[0090] The first coupling patch 32 is vertically arranged on the reflector plate 1, i.e., the plane on which the first coupling patch 32 is located is perpendicular to the reflector plate 1. The second coupling patch 33 is connected to the first coupling patch 32 perpendicularly to ensure the parallel relationship between the second coupling patch 33 and the radiating patch 41, thereby ensuring the coupling effect between the second coupling patch 33 and the corresponding radiating patch 41.

[0091] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, the first coupling patch 32 is a rectangular patch, so as to facilitate the fixation of the first coupling patch 32 on the reflector plate 1 and ensure the gap microstrip structure formed between the first coupling patch 32 and the feeding arm 23 or the free arm 24 of the feeding balun 21, thereby ensuring the transmission of signals.

[0092] Alternatively, the second coupling patch 33 is a rectangular patch or a rectangular ring patch as shown in FIG. 7, and one corner of the second coupling patch 33 faces the orthogonal line O of the two feeding baluns 21. Compared with the case where one side of the second coupling patch 33 faces the orthogonal line O, the case where one corner of the second coupling patch 33 faces the orthogonal line O can effectively reduce the area occupied by the four second coupling patches 33, thereby reducing the size of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the first coupling patch 32 is connected to one side of the second coupling patch 33, or the first coupling patch 32 is connected to one corner of the second coupling patch 33. When the first coupling patch 32 is connected to one corner of the second coupling patch 33 as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7, the corner of the second coupling patch 33 facing the orthogonal line O is chamfered, and the first coupling patch 32 is connected to the chamfered corner of the second coupling patch 33.

[0094] Further, for the case where the second coupling patch 33 is a rectangular ring patch as shown in FIG. 10, the second coupling patch 33 further includes a connecting strip 36 connected in the rectangular ring patch, and one end of the connecting strip 36 in the length direction faces the orthogonal line O of the two feeding baluns 21. Thus, through the arrangement of the connecting strip 36, the structural stability of the second coupling patch 33 can be improved, and the tuning between the second coupling patch 33 and the radiating patch 41 can be achieved, thereby ensuring the coupling transmission of signals.

[0095] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 11, the second coupling patch 33 is a strip-shaped patch, and one end of the second coupling patch 33 in the length direction faces the orthogonal line O of the two feed baluns 21.

[0096] In the above embodiment, the structure of the second coupling patch 33 can be adjusted to improve the coupling effect between the second coupling patch 33 and the radiation patch 41, ensure good matching performance, and thus ensure the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0097] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the structure of the second coupling patch 33 can be adjusted to improve the coupling effect between the second coupling patch 33 and the radiation patch 41, ensure good matching performance, and thus ensure the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0098] In combination with the above-mentioned feed balun 21 including the feed arm 23 and the free arm 24, and the coupling unit 31 including the first coupling patch 32, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 or FIG. 7, the plane on which the feed arm 23 of the feed balun 21 is located is parallel to the plane on which the free arm 24 is located. At this time, the first coupling patches 32 included by the two coupling units 31 on the diagonal line exist in the overlapping region along the thickness direction of the first coupling patch 32, and are respectively located on both sides of the corresponding feed balun 21 in the thickness direction of the feed arm 23.

[0099] In the above embodiment, the structure of the second coupling patch 33 can be adjusted to improve the coupling effect between the second coupling patch 33 and the radiation patch 41, ensure good matching performance, and thus ensure the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0100] In the above embodiment, the structure of the second coupling patch 33 can be adjusted to improve the coupling effect between the second coupling patch 33 and the radiation patch 41, ensure good matching performance, and thus ensure the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0101] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 12 or FIG. 13, the first coupling structure 3 further comprises a connecting patch 34 connected with two adjacent first coupling patches 32 respectively. In this way, the connection between the two adjacent coupling units 31 can be realized, i.e., the two adjacent coupling units 31 can become an integral whole, thereby facilitating the improvement of the impedance characteristics between the coupling unit 31 and the feed balun 21, so as to improve the impedance matching effect between the feed balun 21 and the coupling unit 31.

[0102] Among them, the connection between the coupling units 31 in the four coupling units 31 can be through the connecting patch 34, or the connection between any two adjacent coupling units 31 in the four coupling units 31 can be through the connecting patch 34, so as to realize the integral structure of the four coupling units 31, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0103] Among them, when the two adjacent coupling units 31 are connected through the connecting patch 34, the ratio of the length (the size in the thickness direction of the reflector plate) of the connecting patch 34 to the length (the size in the thickness direction of the reflector plate) of the first coupling patch 32 is less than or equal to 0.8. For example, the ratio of the length of the connecting patch 34 to the length of the first coupling patch 32 is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, etc.

[0104] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, the feed arm 23 and the free arm 24 of the feed balun 21 are coplanar, at this time, the first coupling patches 32 included in the two coupling units 31 on the diagonal line are distributed in the thickness direction of the first coupling patch 32, and are located on the two sides of the corresponding feed balun 21 in the thickness direction of the feed arm 23 respectively, and are respectively towards the feed arm 23 and the free arm 24.

[0105] Among them, taking the second coupling patch 33 as a rectangle as an example, the side adjacent to the corner towards the orthogonal line O of the first coupling patch 32 and the second coupling patch 33 can be connected, so as to ensure that the first coupling patches 32 included in the two coupling units 31 on the diagonal line are distributed in the thickness direction of the first coupling patch 32 in the case that the first coupling patch 32 and the orthogonal line O of the two feed baluns 21 are staggered.

[0106] The first coupling patch 32 included in the two coupling units 31 on the diagonal line respectively has an overlapping area with the feed arm 23 and the free arm 24 included in the corresponding feed balun 21 in the thickness direction of the first coupling patch 32. That is, for the two coupling units 31 on the diagonal line, the first coupling patch 32 included in one coupling unit 31 has an overlapping area with the feed arm 23 of the corresponding feed balun 21 in the thickness direction of the first coupling patch 32, and the first coupling patch 32 included in the other coupling unit 31 has an overlapping area with the free arm 24 of the corresponding feed balun 21 in the thickness direction of the first coupling patch 32.

[0107] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 14, the coupling unit 31 further includes a third coupling patch 35, the third coupling patch 35 is orthogonal to the first coupling patch 32, and the third coupling patch 35 is opposite to the first coupling patch 32 in the adjacent coupling unit 31.

[0108] The four coupling units 31 all include the third coupling patch 35, so that the effective surface area of the coupling unit 31 can be increased, so as to improve the impedance characteristics between the coupling unit 31 and the feed balun 21, and improve the impedance matching effect between the feed balun 21 and the coupling unit 31.

[0109] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the four radiation patches 41 included in the radiation structure 4 can be supported on the corresponding coupling units 31 by non-metallic columns, or can be supported on the reflector plate 1 by non-metallic columns, etc., as long as there is a gap between each radiation patch 41 and the corresponding coupling unit 31.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15, the radiation structure 4 further includes a dielectric substrate 44, and the four radiation patches 41 are all located on the dielectric substrate 44. In this way, through the arrangement of the dielectric substrate 44, the integration of the four radiation patches 41 is facilitated, thereby facilitating the assembly of the four radiation patches 41. In addition, through the bearing of the dielectric substrate 44 to the radiation patch 41, the structure of the radiation patch 41 can be adjusted to improve the flexibility of the design of the radiation patch 41 on the basis of ensuring the impedance matching between the coupling unit 31 and the radiation patch 41.

[0111] The dielectric substrate 44 is a non-metallic plate material, such as a resin plate, etc. Of course, the dielectric substrate 44 can also be a PCB board with a metal interlayer, etc., so as to form a multi-layer coupling effect with the first coupling structure 3 through the metal interlayer, thereby improving the tuning between the coupling unit 31 and the radiation patch 41, so that the impedance matching between the radiation patch 41 is higher, thereby improving the bandwidth of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0112] As shown in FIG. 15, the dielectric substrate 44 is located on the side of the radiation patch 41 close to the reflecting plate 1, and at this time, the dielectric substrate 44 can be supported by the non-metallic support column, or the dielectric substrate 44 can be directly supported on the coupling structure, so as to realize the assembly of the four radiation patches 41 while avoiding the contact between the radiation patch 41 and the corresponding coupling unit 31. Of course, the dielectric substrate 44 can also be located on the side of the radiation patch 41 away from the reflecting plate 1, and at this time, the dielectric substrate 44 can extend out of the outer edge of the radiation structure 4, so as to facilitate the support of the dielectric substrate 44 by the non-metallic support, and realize the assembly of the radiation patch 41.

[0113] In some embodiments, the radiation patch 41 is a rectangular patch.

[0114] Of course, in addition to the rectangular patch, the radiation patch 41 can also be a triangular patch as shown in FIG. 16, or a maple leaf-shaped patch as shown in FIG. 17, so as to realize the adjustment of the current flow direction on the radiation patch 41 by adjusting the outer contour of the radiation patch 41, thereby ensuring the impedance matching between the radiation patch 41 and the corresponding coupling unit 31, and improving the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0115] For the case that the radiation patch 41 is a rectangular patch, one side of the radiation patch 41 can face the orthogonal line O of the two feed baluns 21, or one corner of the radiation patch 41 can face the orthogonal line O of the two feed baluns 21. Compared with the case that one side of the radiation patch 41 faces the orthogonal line O, when one corner of the radiation patch 41 faces the orthogonal line O, the area occupied by the four radiation patches 41 can be effectively reduced, so as to reduce the size of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0116] Optionally, when one corner of the radiation patch 41 faces the orthogonal line O, the radiation patch 41 can have an inner corner facing the orthogonal line O, as shown in FIG. 18, and the inner corner of the radiation patch 41 facing the orthogonal line O has a triangular cut corner 42. In this way, the distance between the radiation patch 41 and the orthogonal line O can be effectively shortened while ensuring the effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10, thereby reducing the size of the dual-polarized antenna 10. In addition, the contour shape of the radiation patch 41 can be adjusted by cutting the corner of the radiation patch 41, so as to adjust the current flow direction on the radiation patch 41, thereby ensuring the impedance matching between the radiation patch 41 and the corresponding coupling unit 31, and improving the antenna effect of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0117] In addition to the inner corner of the radiation patch 41 being cut towards the orthogonal line O, other corners can also be cut to ensure impedance matching between the radiation patch 41 and the corresponding coupling unit 31. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, the radiation patch 41 has a middle corner adjacent to the inner corner, and the middle corner of the radiation patch 41 adjacent to the inner corner has a rectangular cut 43. That is, the middle corner of the radiation patch 41 adjacent to the inner corner has a rectangular cut 43.

[0118] In addition to the inner corner of the radiation patch 41 being cut towards the orthogonal line O, other corners can also be cut to ensure impedance matching between the radiation patch 41 and the corresponding coupling unit 31. For example, as shown in FIG. 19, the radiation patch 41 has a middle corner adjacent to the inner corner, and the middle corner of the radiation patch 41 adjacent to the inner corner has a rectangular cut 43. That is, the middle corner of the radiation patch 41 adjacent to the inner corner has a rectangular cut 43.

[0119] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 20, the dual-polarized antenna 10 further includes a second coupling structure 5 located between the first coupling structure 3 and the radiation structure 4. In this way, the first coupling structure 3 and the second coupling structure 5 can form multi-layer coupling of signals to the radiation patch 41, so that the tuning of the multi-layer coupling structure facilitates higher impedance matching between the radiation patch 41 and the dual-polarized antenna 10, thereby improving the bandwidth of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0120] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the second coupling structure 5 is a metal plate 51, and the metal plate 51 has a pair of orthogonal coupling slots 52, and the length directions of the two coupling slots 52 are parallel to the two diagonal lines of the coupling structure, respectively.

[0121] Optionally, for the two coupling slots 52 on the metal plate 51, the center points of the two coupling slots 52 coincide and are located on the rotational symmetry axis of the four coupling units 31 (i.e., the orthogonal line O of the two feed baluns 21). In this way, the coupling effect of signals between the first coupling structure 3 and the second coupling structure 5 is improved, and the transmission effect of signals coupled to the radiation patch 41 is ensured.

[0122] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 22, the second coupling structure 5 includes a pair of orthogonal long rectangular patches 53, and the length directions of the two long rectangular patches 53 are parallel to the two diagonal lines of the coupling structure, respectively.

[0123] Optionally, for the two long rectangular patches 53, the two long rectangular patches 53 are parallel to the reflecting plate 1, and the center points of the two long rectangular patches 53 coincide and are located on the rotational symmetry axis of the four coupling units 31. In this way, the coupling effect of signals between the first coupling structure 3 and the second coupling structure 5 is improved, and the transmission effect of signals coupled to the radiation patch 41 is ensured.

[0124] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 23, the dual-polarized antenna 10 further comprises a radome 6, which at least comprises a cover plate located on the side of the radiating structure 4 away from the reflecting plate 1. In this way, the influence of the external environment on the dual-polarized antenna 10 can be slowed down, i.e. the wear, corrosion, aging, etc. of the dual-polarized antenna 10 can be slowed down, thereby prolonging the service life of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0125] In some embodiments, the radome 6 is made of non-metallic material to avoid the influence of the cover plate on the signal.

[0126] Optionally, in addition to the cover plate, the radome 6 can further comprise a fence supported on the reflecting plate 1 and arranged around the first coupling structure 3, and the cover plate is supported on the fence. In this way, through the cooperation of the fence and the cover plate, the dual-polarized antenna 10 can be protected in all directions, thereby effectively prolonging the service life of the dual-polarized antenna 10.

[0127] For example, for a dual-polarized antenna 10, as described above, as shown in FIG. 23, the feed balun 21 comprises a feed arm 23, a free arm 24 and a connecting arm 22, the feed end 26 on the feed arm 23 passes through the through hole 11 on the reflecting plate 1 and is electrically connected with the feed structure on the second side of the reflecting plate 1; the coupling unit 31 comprises a first coupling patch 32 and a second coupling patch 33, the first coupling patch 32 between two adjacent coupling units 31 is connected through a connecting patch 34, the first coupling patch 32 and the second coupling patch 33 are both rectangular patches, the second coupling patch 33 has a triangular cut corner 42 towards the corner of the orthogonal line O, and the cut corner edge of the first coupling patch 32 is connected with the second coupling patch 33; the radiating patch 41 is rectangular and has a triangular cut corner 42 towards the inner corner of the orthogonal line O, and the two middle corners adjacent to the inner corner have rectangular cut corners 43.

[0128] For the dual-polarized antenna 10 described above, after simulation test, the voltage standing wave ratio change curve as shown in FIG. 24, the gain curve as shown in FIG. 25, and the cross-polarization ratio curve as shown in FIG. 26 are obtained. As shown in FIG. 24, the voltage standing wave ratio of the dual-polarized antenna 10 in the working frequency band of 690-960 MHz is less than 1.5, so as to ensure that the dual-polarized antenna 10 has good impedance matching and a larger working bandwidth (32.7%). As shown in FIG. 25, the dual-polarized antenna 10 has a high gain (more than 8 dB) in the working frequency band of 690-960 MHz. As shown in FIG. 26, the dual-polarized antenna 10 has a high cross-polarization ratio (more than 27.8) in the normal direction in the working frequency band of 690-960 MHz, and also has a high cross-polarization ratio (more than 10) in the direction within ±60 degrees.

[0129] The present disclosure also provides an electronic device including the dual-polarized antenna 10 according to the above-described embodiments. The electronic device can be a communication device or the like.

[0130] Based on the dual-polarized antenna 10 with high gain and high cross-polarization ratio described above, when the dual-polarized antenna 10 is applied to an electronic device, the communication effect of the electronic device can be effectively ensured.

[0131] The present disclosure also provides an antenna system including the dual-polarized antenna 10 according to the above-described embodiments. The antenna system can be a base station system of an antenna base station or the like.

[0132] Based on the dual-polarized antenna 10 with high gain and high cross-polarization ratio described above, when the dual-polarized antenna 10 is applied to an antenna system, the communication effect of the antenna system can be effectively ensured.

[0133] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A dual polarized antenna, characterized by, include: Reflector; A balun structure includes a pair of orthogonally distributed feed baluns, the feed baluns being Γ-shaped and erected on the first side of the reflector, the feed baluns including connecting arms having orthogonal overlapping segments, and a gap between the overlapping segments on the two connecting arms; The first coupling structure is located on the first side of the reflector and includes four coupling units. The four coupling units are rotationally symmetrical about the orthogonal lines of the two feed baluns. The two coupling units on the diagonal correspond to one feed balun and are located on both sides of the corresponding feed balun. The coupling unit includes a first coupling patch and a second coupling patch that are fixedly connected. The first coupling patch is erected on the reflector and has a gap between it and the corresponding feed balun. The second coupling patch is arranged parallel to the reflector and is located on the side of the first coupling patch away from the reflector. The radiating structure is located on the side of the first coupling structure away from the reflector and includes four radiating patches. The four radiating patches are rotationally symmetrical about the orthogonal line and correspond one-to-one with the four second coupling patches. There is a gap between each radiating patch and the corresponding second coupling patch in the thickness direction of the reflector.

2. The dual polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein, The radiation patch is a rectangular patch, a triangular patch, or a maple leaf-shaped patch.

3. The dual polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein, The radiating patch is a rectangular patch, and one corner of the radiating patch faces the orthogonal line.

4. The dual polarized antenna of claim 3, wherein, The radiating patch has a triangular chamfer at its interior angle facing the orthogonal line.

5. The dual polarized antenna of claim 4, wherein, The middle corner of the radiating patch adjacent to the inner corner has a rectangular chamfer.

6. The dual polarized antenna of claim 1, wherein, The feed balun includes a feed arm and a free arm that are parallel in the length direction, and the connecting arm connects one end of the feed arm and one end of the free arm respectively; The second coupling patch is parallel to the length direction of the connecting arm and is located on the side of the first coupling patch away from the corresponding feed balun. The first coupling patches of the two coupling units on the diagonal are respectively parallel to the plane where the feed arm of the corresponding feed balun is located and the plane where the free arm is located.

7. The dual polarized antenna of claim 6, wherein, The plane on which the feeder arm of the feeder balun is located is parallel to the plane on which the free arm is located. The two coupling units on the diagonal have overlapping areas along the thickness direction of the first coupling patch, and are located on both sides of the corresponding feed balun in the thickness direction of the feed arm.

8. The dual polarized antenna of claim 7, wherein, The first coupling structure further includes connecting patches, which are respectively connected to two adjacent first coupling patches.

9. The dual polarized antenna of claim 6, wherein, The feed arm on the feed balun is coplanar with the free arm; The two coupling units on the diagonal include first coupling patches that are staggered along the thickness direction of the first coupling patch and are located on both sides of the corresponding feed balun in the thickness direction of the feed arm, and are respectively facing the feed arm and the free arm.

10. The dual polarized antenna of claim 9, wherein, The coupling unit further includes a third coupling patch, which is orthogonal to the first coupling patch and faces the first coupling patch in the adjacent coupling unit.

11. The dual polarized antenna of claim 6, wherein, The second coupling patch is a strip patch, and one end of the second coupling patch along its length is oriented toward the orthogonal line.

12. The dual polarized antenna of claim 6, wherein, The second coupling patch is a rectangular ring patch.

13. The dual polarized antenna of claim 12, wherein, The second coupling patch further comprises a connecting strip connected in the rectangular ring patch, and one end of the connecting strip in the length direction faces the orthogonal line.

14. The dual polarized antenna of any of claims 6-13, wherein, The length of the free arm is greater than or equal to 0.01λ and less than or equal to 0.25λ, wherein λ refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency of the dual-polarized antenna.

15. The dual polarized antenna of any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The dual-polarized antenna further comprises a second coupling structure between the first coupling structure and the radiation structure.

16. The dual polarized antenna of claim 15, wherein, The second coupling structure is a metal plate, and the metal plate has a pair of orthogonal coupling slots, and the length directions of the two coupling slots are respectively parallel to two diagonal lines of the coupling structure.

17. The dual polarized antenna of claim 15, wherein, The second coupling structure comprises a pair of orthogonal long rectangular patches, and the length directions of the two long rectangular patches are respectively parallel to two diagonal lines of the coupling structure.

18. The dual polarized antenna of any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The radiation structure further comprises a dielectric substrate, and the four radiation patches are located on the dielectric substrate.

19. The dual polarized antenna of any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The reflector has a through hole, and the feed ends of the two feed baluns pass through the through hole and are exposed on the second side of the reflector.

20. The dual polarized antenna of any one of claims 1-13, wherein, The dual-polarized antenna further comprises a radome. The radome at least comprises a cover plate located on the side of the radiation structure away from the reflector.

21. An electronic device, comprising: The dual-polarized antenna comprises any one of claims 1-20.

22. An antenna system, characterized by The dual-polarized antenna comprises any one of claims 1-20.

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