Surface catalytic reactor device for polyaromatic hydrocarbon oxidation and a method of operation thereof

Abstract

The device (100) of the present disclosure presents an innovative approach to oxidizing hydrocarbon molecules, vital for environmental remediation and industrial processes. It comprises an inner solid cylinder (102) featuring a capping mechanism to encapsulate hydrocarbons, preventing their release, and a strategically positioned titanium surface catalyst (106) for oxidation. An electrical stimulation module delivers electrical charges to the catalyst, promoting rapid oxidation reactions. Additionally, control mechanisms regulate electrical impulse application, ensuring optimal oxidation conditions. The device (100) offers enhanced efficiency and versatility for treating hydrocarbon contamination in various settings. Its advanced design integrates cutting-edge catalytic and electrochemical principles, providing a sustainable solution for mitigating environmental pollution and advancing industrial processes.

Description

SURFACE CATALYTIC REACTOR DEVICE FOR POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBON OXIDATION AND A METHOD OF OPERATION THEREOFTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of oxidizing aromatic hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). More precisely, the present device and method relate to using surface catalysis for oxidation of the PAH molecules from exhaust engines for their conversion into less harmful compounds.BACKGROUND

[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present disclosure. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed disclosure, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.

[0003] Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds composed of multiple fused aromatic rings, often found as contaminants in the environment due to various industrial activities. The compounds pose significant health and environmental risks, necessitating effective remediation strategies. PAHs are also known carcinogens and can pose significant risks to human health and the environment. Oxidizing PAH molecules helps to mitigate the risks by reducing their concentrations in the environment, thus minimizing exposure to potentially harmful substances. There are three-way catalytic converters that are effective at reducing emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) simultaneously. There are also systems for Diesel oxidation catalysts for diesel engines to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide present in diesel exhaust.

[0004] However, the current catalytic oxidizers primarily focus on the oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO), neglecting the crucial issue of PAH oxidation. Furthermore, existing catalyst materials such as palladium / radium are expensive and may not be economically viable for widespread application, particularly in large-scale remediation projects.

[0005] Overall, while existing catalytic converters reduce vehicle emissions, and they still have limitations and drawbacks that need to be addressed to achieve further advancements in emission control technology.OBJECTS OF DISCLOSURE

[0006] Some of the objects of the present disclosure, that at least one embodiment herein satisfy are as listed herein below.

[0007] An object of the present disclosure is to efficiently oxidize polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in contaminated environments, such as soil or water, combustion engine exhausts, using titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a catalyst.

[0008] An object of the present disclosure is to promote environmental sustainability by minimizing the use of hazardous chemicals and energy-intensive processes

[0009] Another objective of the present disclosure is to incorporate monitoring and control systems to ensure the effectiveness of PAH oxidation and provide real-time feedback to operators.

[0010] Yet another object of the present disclosure is to be user-friendly, with simple operation and minimal maintenance requirementsSUMMARY

[0011] Within the scope of this application, it is expressly envisaged that the various aspects, embodiments, examples and alternatives set out in the preceding paragraphs, in the claims and / or in the following description and drawings, and in particular the individual features thereof, may be taken independently or in any combination. Features described in connection with one embodiment are applicable to all embodiments, unless such features are incompatible.

[0012] In an aspect of the present disclosure, the disclosed device is designed for the oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules. The device comprises an inner solid cylinder housing essential components for oxidation processes, which includes a capping mechanism to encapsulate hydrocarbon molecules, preventing their release into the environment. Additionally, a titanium surface catalyst is strategically positioned within the cylinder facilitates the oxidation reaction of encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules. An electrical impetus module integrated into the device delivers an electrical charge to the titanium surface catalyst, promoting and accelerating the oxidation reaction. The device further includes one or more control mechanisms to regulate the application of electrical impulses, ensuring optimal oxidation conditions throughout the process.

[0013] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for the oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules is disclosed. The method involves encapsulating hydrocarbon molecules using a capping mechanism to prevent their release into the environment.Subsequently, the method further includes strategically positioning a titanium surface catalyst within an inner solid cylinder to facilitate the oxidation reaction of the encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules. Further, an electrical impetus module is also integrated into a device, delivering an electrical charge to the titanium surface catalyst, thereby promoting and accelerating the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules. Additionally, the method comprises regulating the application of one or more electrical impulses using one or more control mechanisms to ensure optimal oxidation conditions throughout the process.

[0014] Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The specifications of the present disclosure are accompanied with drawings of the system and method to aid in better understanding of the said disclosure. The drawings are in no way limitations of the present disclosure, rather are meant to illustrate the ideal embodiments of said disclosure.

[0016] In the figures, similar components and / or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label with a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If only the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label.

[0017] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of the device for the surface catalytic reactor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 2 represents a block diagram of the outer and inner sections of the device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIGs. 3A-3E illustrate alternate arrangements of the device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIGs. 4A-4C illustrate several components of the cylindrical device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIGs. 5A-5C illustrate schematic diagrams of various internal components of the cylindrical device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary illustration of a method of operation for the surface catalytic reactor device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0024] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without some of the specific details.

[0025] If the specification states a component or feature “may”, ’’can”, ’’could”, or “might” be included or have a characteristic, that particular component or feature is not required to be included or have that characteristic.

[0026] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0027] The present disclosure relates to the field of oxidizing aromatic hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). More precisely, the present device and method relate to using surface catalysis for oxidation of the PAH molecules from exhaust engines for their conversion into less harmful compounds.

[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of the device for the surface catalytic reactor, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Referring to FIG. 1, a device 100 for an oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules, the device 100 comprising: an inner solid cylinder 102 comprising: a capping mechanism to encapsulate hydrocarbon molecules, preventing a release of the hydrocarbon molecules into the environment; a titanium surface catalyst 106 strategically positioned to facilitate the an oxidation reaction of encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules; an electrical impetus module integrated into the device 100, operable to deliver an electrical charge to the titanium surface catalyst 106, thereby promoting and accelerating the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbonmolecules; and one or more control mechanisms for regulating the application of one or more electrical impulses and ensuring optimal oxidation conditions.

[0030] In an embodiment, the device 100 for the oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules features an inner solid cylinder 102 housing several key components. Firstly, it incorporates a capping mechanism designed to encapsulate hydrocarbon molecules effectively, thereby preventing their release into the environment, which ensures containment and isolation of the hydrocarbons for subsequent oxidation reactions. Strategically positioned within the inner solid cylinder 102 is a titanium surface catalyst 106. The surface catalyst plays a pivotal role in facilitating the oxidation reaction of the encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules. By leveraging the catalytic properties of titanium, the surface promotes the conversion of hydrocarbons into less harmful compounds. Integral to the device 100 is an electrical impetus module, seamlessly integrated to deliver an electrical charge directly to the titanium surface catalyst 106. The electrical impetus serves to promote and accelerate the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules, enhancing reaction kinetics and efficiency. Furthermore, the device 100 incorporates one or more control mechanisms dedicated to regulating the application of electrical impulses. The control mechanisms ensure optimal oxidation conditions by adjusting parameters such as the intensity, frequency, and duration of electrical impulses, thereby maximizing the efficacy of the oxidation process.

[0031] In an embodiment, the device 100 also comprises an interposed baffle-comb arrangement to enhance the efficiency of the oxidation process by promoting turbulence and mixing within the inner solid cylinder 102 section. The arrangement consists of a series of baffles and combs strategically positioned along the inner walls of the cylinder. The baffles are designed to create turbulence in the flow of reactants and products, promoting better mixing and distribution of hydrocarbon molecules and oxygen across the titanium surface catalyst 106. It ensures that all hydrocarbon molecules have a higher likelihood of coming into contact with the catalyst, thereby increasing the efficiency of the oxidation reaction. Complementing the baffles, the comb structures help to further disrupt the flow of reactants and products, increasing surface area contact between the catalyst and the hydrocarbon molecules. It facilitates more effective catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons into less harmful compounds.

[0032] Overall, the interposed baffle-comb arrangement enhances mass transport and reaction kinetics within the inner solid cylinder 102 section, leading to improved performance and efficiency of the oxidation process. It ensures uniform distribution of reactants, optimalutilization of the catalyst surface, and enhanced mixing, ultimately resulting in more thorough oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules.

[0033] In an embodiment, the device 100 may be equipped with inlet and outlet ports connected to external supply and exhaust systems. Reactants, such as hydrocarbon molecules and oxygen, can be introduced into the inner cylinder through an inlet port, while reaction products are removed through an outlet port. A piping can be connected to the inlet and outlet ports to facilitate the flow of reactants and products. The conduits may include valves or regulators to control the flow rate and direction of the fluids. In some cases, pumps or fans may be used to actively circulate reactants and products within the inner cylinder. The devices can help ensure uniform distribution and mixing of fluids, enhancing reaction kinetics and efficiency. In certain applications, natural convection or diffusion may be sufficient to drive the flow of reactants and products within the inner cylinder. The approach relies on differences in temperature and pressure to induce fluid movement.

[0034] In the present disclosure, the device 100 is positioned within the exhaust gas duct of an exhaust system. The purpose of the device 100 is to catalyze chemical reactions that occur within the exhaust gas as it passes through the duct. Specifically, the device 100 facilitates the conversion of harmful pollutants present in the exhaust gas, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and hydrocarbons (HC), into less harmful substances, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and water vapor (H2O).

[0035] By locating the catalytic converter within the exhaust gas duct, the exhaust gases are exposed to the catalyst materials within the converter, allowing for efficient catalytic conversion of pollutants. The setup ensures that the exhaust gas undergoes treatment for pollutant reduction before being released into the environment, thereby minimizing the emission of harmful substances from the vehicle or industrial process.

[0036] In another embodiment, there can be an in-line pipeline integration of the device 100 for the oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules. The device 100 can be integrated directly into an existing pipeline system, offering seamless operation and minimal disruption to workflow. The device 100 is integrated into a pipeline system, with the cylindrical chamber positioned in-line with the pipeline flow. The inner solid cylinder 102 containing the oxidation components is installed within the chamber, with inlet and outlet ports connected to the pipeline. Reactants flow into the chamber through the inlet port, undergo oxidation reactions facilitated by the catalyst, and exit as products through the outlet port. The interposed baffle-comb arrangement within the chamber promotes mixing and turbulence, enhancing reaction kinetics. The in-line pipeline integration allows for seamless operationwithin existing infrastructure, minimizing installation costs and workflow disruptions. It is suitable for applications requiring continuous hydrocarbon oxidation, such as oil and gas processing, wastewater treatment, and industrial emissions control.

[0037] In an embodiment, the device 100 incorporates an outer covering 104 to encase the inner solid cylinder 102, providing additional structural integrity and protection. The outer covering 104 is constructed from a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, such as stainless steel or ceramic. The materials are chosen for their durability and ability to withstand high temperatures and harsh environmental conditions. The primary function of the outer covering 104 is to provide thermal insulation and protection to the device 100, shielding it from external heat sources and corrosive elements. By utilizing a heat-resistant material, the outer covering 104 helps maintain optimal operating temperatures within the device 100, ensuring efficient oxidation reactions. Furthermore, the corrosion-resistant properties of the outer covering 104 material protect the device 100 from degradation due to exposure to moisture, chemicals, or other corrosive agents present in the operating environment. It enhances the longevity and reliability of the device 100, making it suitable for prolonged use in diverse applications.

[0038] An electrical impetus refers to the application of an electrical charge or stimulus to the titanium surface catalyst 106. The electrical charge serves to activate the catalyst and promote the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules. The electrical impetus module integrated into the device 100 is responsible for delivering the electrical charge to the titanium surface catalyst 106. It may include components such as power sources, electrical circuitry, and electrodes designed to generate and apply electrical impulses to the catalyst surface. The purpose of applying electrical impulses is to enhance the efficiency and kinetics of the oxidation reaction. The electrical energy provided by the impetus helps to overcome activation energy barriers and facilitate the conversion of hydrocarbon molecules into oxidized products more rapidly. Overall, the electrical impetus plays a crucial role in promoting and accelerating the oxidation process within the device 100.

[0039] In an embodiment, the electrical impetus module can be enhanced with one or more monitoring sensors, tasked with evaluating the progress of oxidation reactions occurring within the device 100. The sensors serve to measure various parameters indicative of reaction kinetics and efficiency. The monitored parameters may include temperature, pressure, electrical conductivity, or the concentration of reactants and products within the device 100. By continuously monitoring the variables, the sensors provide real-time feedback on the status of oxidation reactions. The feedback is relayed to the control mechanisms, enablingthem to make timely adjustments to optimize oxidation conditions. For instance, if the sensors detect suboptimal reaction kinetics or deviations from desired reaction parameters, the control mechanisms can modulate the application of electrical impulses or adjust other operating parameters to enhance reaction efficiency. In summary, the integration of monitoring sensors within the electrical impetus module enables the device 100 to dynamically respond to changes in reaction conditions, ensuring consistent and effective oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules.

[0040] In an embodiment, the device 100 can be equipped with one or more auxiliary components, including gas sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and fluid circulation sensors. The components are strategically arranged to monitor various reaction conditions in real-time and provide valuable feedback to optimize the performance of the capping mechanism. Gas sensors can be employed to detect the presence and concentration of specific gases, including hydrocarbon molecules and reaction by-products, within the device 100. Temperature sensors measure the temperature of the inner solid cylinder 102, ensuring that the oxidation reactions occur within the optimal temperature range for catalytic activity. Pressure sensors monitor the pressure conditions within the device 100, helping to maintain the desired operating pressure for efficient reaction kinetics. Additionally, fluid circulation sensors are utilized to monitor the flow and circulation of fluids within the device 100, ensuring adequate mixing of reactants and efficient distribution of heat and catalyst materials.

[0041] In another embodiment, the device 100 can be integrated into a larger reactor system designed for hydrocarbon oxidation. The inner solid cylinder 102 containing the oxidation components is housed within a reactor vessel, with additional features such as heating elements, mixing systems, and monitoring sensors incorporated into the system. Reactants can be introduced into the reactor vessel through dedicated inlet ports, where they undergo oxidation reactions facilitated by the catalyst. The integrated baffle-comb arrangement promotes efficient mixing and reaction kinetics within the vessel. The reactor system may include multiple chambers or compartments for sequential processing of reactants and products. Control systems monitor and regulate reaction conditions, ensuring optimal oxidation performance. The integrated reactor system can offer a comprehensive solution for hydrocarbon oxidation, suitable for large-scale industrial applications such as petrochemical processing, environmental remediation, and air pollution control.

[0042] In an embodiment, the real-time feedback provided by the auxiliary components enables the capping mechanism to dynamically adjust its operation, optimizing encapsulation of hydrocarbon molecules and enhancing overall oxidation efficiency. By continuouslymonitoring and responding to reaction conditions, the device 100 ensures consistent and effective oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules.

[0043] In an embodiment, the capping mechanism of the device 100 incorporates a porous membrane material specifically designed to selectively trap hydrocarbon molecules while permitting the passage of other gases or liquids. The porous membrane acts as a molecular sieve, with pore sizes tailored to capture hydrocarbon molecules based on their molecular size and properties. The selective trapping capability of the porous membrane ensures efficient encapsulation of hydrocarbon molecules within the inner solid cylinder 102, preventing their release into the environment. Meanwhile, the permeability of the membrane allows for the passage of other gases or liquids present in the reaction environment, facilitating the exchange of reactants and products. By utilizing a porous membrane material with tailored properties, the capping mechanism effectively isolates and concentrates hydrocarbon molecules for oxidation reactions while maintaining the flow of other substances within the device 100, which ensures targeted and efficient oxidation of hydrocarbons, minimizing environmental contamination and maximizing the efficacy of the oxidation process.

[0044] In an embodiment, the device 100 can be further equipped with a temperature control module designed to regulate and maintain the temperature of the titanium surface catalyst 106 within an optimal range conducive to oxidation reactions. The temperature control module ensures that the catalyst operates at an ideal temperature, maximizing its catalytic activity and promoting efficient oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules.

[0045] The temperature control module employs temperature sensors to continuously monitor the temperature of the catalyst surface. Based on the feedback from the sensors, the module adjusts the heating or cooling mechanisms to maintain the catalyst within the desired temperature range. By optimizing the temperature conditions, the device 100 ensures that oxidation reactions occur at an optimal rate and efficiency. It enhances the overall performance of the device 100, leading to improved hydrocarbon oxidation and pollutant removal. Additionally, maintaining precise temperature control helps to prolong the lifespan of the catalyst and ensures consistent operation over extended periods.

[0046] In an embodiment, the device 100 can be additionally equipped with a fluid circulation module designed to facilitate the movement of one or more reactants and products within the inner solid cylinder 102 section. The module enhances reaction kinetics by promoting efficient mixing and contact between reactants and catalyst surfaces, thereby accelerating oxidation reactions. The fluid circulation module utilizes pumps, valves, andpiping systems to circulate reactants, such as hydrocarbon molecules and oxygen, as well as reaction products, within the inner solid cylinder 102 section. By continuously circulating the components, the module ensures uniform distribution of reactants across the catalyst surface and efficient removal of reaction products from the reaction zone.

[0047] Enhanced fluid circulation leads to improved mass transport and diffusion rates, facilitating faster reaction kinetics and enhancing the overall efficiency of the oxidation process. Additionally, the circulation of reactants and products helps to maintain homogeneous reaction conditions throughout the inner solid cylinder 102 section, minimizing concentration gradients and promoting uniform reaction progress. Overall, the fluid circulation module plays a crucial role in optimizing reaction conditions and maximizing the performance of the device 100 for hydrocarbon oxidation.

[0048] In an embodiment, the device 100 can be compactly designed for portability, housed within a rugged enclosure suitable for field operations. The inner solid cylinder 102 and associated components are contained within the enclosure, with integrated power sources, control panels, and monitoring systems. The portable field unit can be transported to remote or inaccessible locations for on-site hydrocarbon oxidation applications. It is particularly useful for emergency response situations, environmental cleanup efforts, and temporary industrial operations. Reactants are introduced into the unit through inlet ports, where they undergo oxidation reactions facilitated by the catalyst. The device 100 may include built-in mechanisms for fluid storage, handling, and disposal of reaction products. The portable field unit offers flexibility and versatility in addressing hydrocarbon contamination challenges in diverse environments, providing a rapid and effective solution for on-site oxidation needs.

[0049] FIG. 2 represents a block diagram of the outer and inner sections of the device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] In an embodiment, (a) the outer covering 104 of the device 100 comprises a heat- resistant metal enclosure, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The sturdy enclosure provides robust protection against external environmental factors and physical impacts. The metal enclosure can be designed to withstand high temperatures encountered during the oxidation process, ensuring the integrity of the internal components and preventing heat loss to the surroundings.

[0051] In some embodiments, the outer covering 104 may feature a corrosion-resistant coating to protect against chemical corrosion and rust formation. Coatings such as epoxy, polyurethane, or ceramic coatings are applied to the metal enclosure to enhance durabilityand longevity. The corrosion-resistant coating provides an additional barrier against harsh environmental conditions, prolonging the service life of the device 100 in challenging operating environments. The outer covering 104 may include an insulation layer to provide thermal insulation and further protect the internal components from extreme temperatures. Insulation materials such as ceramic fiber, foam insulation, or aerogels are inserted between the metal enclosure and the inner solid cylinder 102. The insulation layer helps maintain stable operating temperatures within the device 100, optimizing the efficiency of the oxidation process and reducing heat loss to the surroundings.

[0052] In an embodiment, to facilitate maintenance and servicing, the outer covering 104 may feature a modular design with access panels or removable sections. The access panels allow technicians to easily access internal components for inspection, repair, or replacement without dismantling the entire device 100. The modular design enhances the accessibility and versatility of the device 100, minimizing downtime and reducing maintenance costs over its operational lifespan.

[0053] In an embodiment, the outer covering 104 can comprise a modular composite enclosure constructed from a combination of materials such as metal, plastic, and insulation foam. The enclosure is designed with integrated cooling channels or ducts that circulate coolant to dissipate heat generated during the oxidation process. An active cooling system, such as a thermoelectric cooler or refrigeration unit, is integrated into the enclosure to regulate temperature and maintain optimal operating conditions for internal components. Temperature sensors and control mechanisms monitor and adjust coolant flow and temperature as needed.

[0054] In another embodiment, the outer covering 104 can comprise a weatherproof enclosure constructed from rugged materials such as powder-coated steel or fiberglass- reinforced polymer. The enclosure can be sealed to prevent water ingress and features gasketed seams and weatherproof seals to withstand exposure to rain, snow, and extreme temperatures. An integrated ventilation system facilitates airflow within the enclosure, maintaining optimal temperature and humidity levels for internal components. Ventilation openings are strategically positioned to promote air circulation while preventing the ingress of moisture and contaminants.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 2, (b) the inner solid cylinder 102 houses the essential components for hydrocarbon oxidation, including the titanium surface catalyst 106, electrical impetus module, control mechanisms, and interposed baffle-comb arrangement. The cylindrical housing provides a confined space for efficient oxidation reactions to occur. Theinner solid cylinder 102 can be constructed from materials capable of withstanding high temperatures, chemical exposure, and mechanical stresses. Materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, or ceramic composites are commonly used to ensure durability and longevity of the device 100. The inner solid cylinder 102 may feature an optimized geometry to promote uniform flow distribution and mixing of reactants within the chamber. Tapered or baffled designs may be incorporated to enhance turbulence and maximize surface contact between reactants and the catalyst.

[0056] Key components such as the electrical impetus module, control mechanisms, and interposed baffle-comb arrangement are seamlessly integrated into the inner solid cylinder 102, minimizing footprint and maximizing operational efficiency. The integration streamlines the design and facilitates ease of assembly and maintenance.

[0057] In an embodiment, the inner solid cylinder 102 comprises multiple chambers arranged in series along the axial length of the cylinder. Each chamber houses a distinct set of oxidation components, including catalysts, baffles, and control mechanisms. In operation, reactants are introduced into the first chamber through an inlet port, where they undergo initial oxidation reactions facilitated by the catalyst. The interposed baffle-comb arrangement promotes turbulence and mixing within each chamber, enhancing reaction kinetics. Intermediate products from the first chamber can then be passed sequentially through subsequent chambers, where additional oxidation reactions occur. Finally, fully oxidized products can be collected from the last chamber through an outlet port.

[0058] In another embodiment, the inner solid cylinder 102 comprises a modular construction with adjustable sections that allow for the variation of reactor length. Each section includes integral mounting provisions and sealing mechanisms to facilitate secure attachment and fluid-tight connections. In operation, users can adjust the length of the inner solid cylinder 102 by adding or removing modular sections as needed. The flexibility enables customization of the reactor configuration to accommodate varying flow rates, reaction kinetics, and processing capacities. Additionally, the modular design simplifies maintenance and servicing by allowing individual sections to be easily accessed and replaced. It also facilitates scalability, allowing the device 100 to be adapted for different applications and environments.

[0059] The device comprises a charge induction point in the context of the method for oxidizing hydrocarbon molecules likely represents the specific location within the device where electrical energy is generated or induced before being delivered to the titanium surface catalyst. This point serves as the starting point for the electrical charge that ultimatelypromotes and accelerates the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules. The charge induction point may involve several components or mechanisms designed to generate electrical energy. Some possible features or processes associated with the charge induction point could include: The device may be connected to an external power supply or electrical source that provides the energy needed to induce the electrical charge. This power supply could be a battery, generator, or electrical outlet, depending on the design and application of the device.

[0060] Within the device, there may be electrical circuits or pathways designed to transmit and regulate electrical energy. These circuits may include components such as capacitors, resistors, and switches to control the flow and distribution of electrical charge. The charge induction point may utilize principles of electromagnetic induction to generate electrical energy. This process involves the creation of an electrical current in a conductor (such as a coil or wire) when exposed to a changing magnetic field. Electromagnetic induction could be employed to convert mechanical or thermal energy into electrical energy within the device. The charge induction point may incorporate energy conversion mechanisms to transform one form of energy into electrical energy. For example, mechanical motion or vibrations could be converted into electrical energy using piezoelectric materials or generators. In some cases, the charge induction point may involve specialized techniques or technologies for generating electrical energy. This could include methods such as electrochemical reactions, photovoltaic cells, or thermoelectric generators.

[0061] The device comprises an electric contact that establishes a direct electrical pathway between the electrical impetus module and the titanium surface catalyst, allowing electrical energy to flow efficiently from the power source to the catalyst. This pathway may include conductive wires, terminals, or traces within the device that facilitate the transmission of electrical charge. The electric contact serves as the point of activation for the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules. When electrical energy is delivered to the titanium surface catalyst through the electric contact, it triggers catalytic activity and promotes the oxidation of encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules, leading to the desired conversion into less harmful compounds.’ The electric contact in the device serves as a crucial interface for delivering electrical energy from a power source, such as an alternator or battery, to the titanium surface catalyst.

[0062] With a voltage range typically between 2 to 5 volts, the electrical contact establishes a connection point where the electrical charge is transferred or transmitted to initiate the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules. This voltage range is carefullyselected to ensure optimal performance and efficiency of the oxidation process. Whether sourced from an alternator or battery, the electric contact facilitates the delivery of electrical energy to the catalyst, promoting and accelerating the oxidation reaction. Additionally, the voltage provided by the power source ensures the electrical impetus module operates within its designated parameters, maintaining the desired conditions for effective oxidation. Overall, the electric contact plays a critical role in the successful operation of the device, enabling the controlled application of electrical impulses to facilitate the oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules.

[0063] FIGs. 3A-3E illustrate alternate arrangements of the device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0064] In an embodiment, as disclosed in FIG. 3A, a lateral arrangement could involve a rectangular chamber positioned horizontally. This embodiment includes catalyst bed in the lateral arrangement on a planar surface (such as a flat plate) that can be placed on any horizontal surface, The lateral orientation offers several advantages, including ease of installation and integration into existing systems, as well as efficient use of space. In said embodiment, there is cylindrical chamber inside the lateral device, that contains the inner solid cylinder 102 with the capping mechanism, titanium surface catalyst 106, electrical impetus module, and control mechanisms. The outer covering 104 provides thermal insulation and protection to the device 100. Reactants and products are introduced and removed through inlet and outlet ports located on the sides of the chamber. Piping or tubing connected to the ports and facilitate the flow of fluids into and out of the chamber. The interposed baffle-comb arrangement inside the chamber promotes turbulence and mixing of reactants, enhancing the efficiency of the oxidation process. Overall, the lateral arrangement of the device 100 offers a compact and versatile solution for oxidizing hydrocarbon molecules, suitable for various applications including environmental remediation and industrial processes.

[0065] In another embodiment, as disclosed in FIG. 3B, the device 100 involves a cylindrical chamber positioned vertically. The orientation can be advantageous for applications where space is limited horizontally or where gravity can assist in the flow of fluids. The cylindrical chamber can be oriented vertically, with the inner solid cylinder 102 containing the capping mechanism, titanium surface catalyst 106, electrical impetus module, and control mechanisms. The outer covering 104 provides insulation and protection to the device 100. Reactants and products can be introduced and removed through inlet and outlet ports located at the top and bottom of the chamber, respectively. Piping or tubing facilitatesthe flow of fluids into and out of the chamber. The interposed baffle-comb arrangement within the chamber promotes turbulence and mixing of reactants, enhancing the efficiency of the oxidation process. Gravity may aid in the downward movement of reactants and the upward movement of products.

[0066] In another embodiment, a modular tower configuration of the device 100 for the oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules can be used. The tower design allows for scalability and adaptability to various application requirements. The device 100 comprises a series of vertically stacked cylindrical chambers, each housing the inner solid cylinder 102 containing the necessary components for hydrocarbon oxidation. Each chamber is interconnected via piping or tubing to facilitate the flow of reactants and products between chambers. The reactants can be introduced into the top chamber through an inlet port, while products are removed from the bottom chamber through an outlet port. The interposed baffle-comb arrangement within each chamber promotes turbulence and mixing of reactants, enhancing oxidation efficiency.

[0067] In the lateral rectangular arrangement of the device, as shown in FIG. 3E, individual baffle fin aluminum sheets are utilized as components within the inner solid cylinder. These sheets are specially treated by thermally spraying them with TiO2 powder. The Baffle Fin aluminum sheets are thin, rectangular aluminum sheets that are strategically positioned within the inner solid cylinder of the device. They serve as baffles to regulate the flow of reactants and products during the oxidation process. The aluminum sheets are subjected to a thermal spraying process where a layer of TiO2 powder is deposited onto their surfaces. Thermal spraying involves heating the TiO2 powder to a molten or semi-molten state and then projecting it onto the surface of the aluminum sheets using compressed air or another suitable method. As the sprayed particles impact the surface, they adhere and solidify, forming a durable coating.

[0068] The TiO2 coating serves as a catalyst for the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules. TiO2 is known for its photocatalytic properties, which can accelerate the breakdown of organic compounds under the influence of light or other energy sources. In this case, the thermal spraying process creates a thin layer of TiO2 on the aluminum sheets, effectively converting them into catalytic surfaces that promote the oxidation reaction. The thermal spraying process results in the deposition of TiO2 powder onto the surface of the aluminum sheets, effectively increasing their surface area. This enlarged surface area provides more sites for the adsorption of hydrocarbon molecules and enhances the contact between the molecules and the catalyst, thereby improving the efficiency of the oxidationprocess. By coating the aluminum sheets with TiO2, the catalytic activity of the device is enhanced. TiO2 is known for its high catalytic activity, especially in the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light. While UV light may not be directly utilized in this specific configuration, the presence of TiO2 still contributes to the acceleration of the oxidation reaction through its intrinsic catalytic properties.

[0069] FIGs. 4A-4C illustrate several components of the cylindrical device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 4A, the cylindrical structure comprises two hemispheres welded together. Welding the two hemispheres together effectively encapsulates the inner components of the device within a confined space. This enclosure prevents external contaminants, such as dust, moisture, or gases, from entering the device and potentially interfering with its operation. The welded enclosure provides protection to the internal components of the device against external elements and environmental factors. It shields sensitive components from physical damage, corrosion, and other hazards, ensuring the longevity and reliability of the device. By sealing the hemispheres together, the welding process ensures that any reactions or processes occurring within the device are contained within the enclosed space. This containment prevents the escape of gases, vapors, or substances generated during operation, maintaining a controlled environment for the intended process, such as the oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 4B, a single hemisphere of the cylindrical structure is disclosed. It refers to the arrangement of the outer section baffles. The baffles are arranged in a manner to allow a maximum amount of exhaust gas to pass through to the outlet.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 4C, the device with baffles with grooved edges, provide increased surface area and opportunities for contact between the reactants (encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules) and the catalyst. This improves mass transfer and promotes greater exposure of the hydrocarbon molecules to the catalyst surface, leading to enhanced oxidation rates and conversion efficiency. The disc-shaped baffle section prevent localized concentration gradients and ensure consistent reaction conditions throughout the cylinder, optimizing the oxidation process. The baffles also prevent channeling, which refers to the formation of preferential flow paths within the device, which can lead to incomplete reaction and reduced efficiency. The baffles, particularly those with welded or grooved edges, help to mitigate channeling by promoting more uniform flow patterns and distribution of reactants, thereby maximizing the utilization of the catalyst surface.

[0073] In addition to their role in flow regulation, the baffles contribute to the structural integrity of the device. The disc-shaped baffle section and baffles with welded or grooved edges are securely attached to the inner surface of the device, providing reinforcement and stability to the cylindrical arrangement, especially under dynamic operating conditions.

[0074] FIGs. 5A-5C illustrate schematic diagrams of various internal components of the cylindrical device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 5A, a stainless-steel rigid plate 502 is present for integrating and arranging the internal components of the device, including the titanium surface catalyst, capping mechanism, electrical impetus module, and control mechanisms can be securely mounted onto the plate, facilitating their assembly and organization within the device. Stainless steel allows the rigid plate to effectively dissipate heat generated during the oxidation process. This helps maintain optimal operating temperatures for the device and prevents overheating of critical components.

[0076] As shown in FIG. 5B, the surface catalytic reactor device is connected to an external power supply 504, typically through wiring or connectors. The power supply could be a standard electrical outlet, a generator, or another suitable power source depending on the application and requirements.

[0077] As shown in FIG. 5C, the disc-shaped baffle section 506 and baffles with welded or grooved edges are strategically positioned within the device to regulate the flow of reactants and products. By creating turbulence in the flow, these baffles ensure thorough mixing and interaction between the encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules and the titanium surface catalyst, enhancing the efficiency of the oxidation reaction.

[0078] FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary illustration of a method of operation for the surface catalytic reactor device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0079] The method 600 described involves oxidizing hydrocarbon molecules using a device 100 equipped with a capping mechanism, a titanium surface catalyst 106, an electrical impetus module, and control mechanisms. The process begins by encapsulating, at step 602, hydrocarbon molecules to prevent their release. Next, at step 604, a titanium surface catalyst 106 is strategically positioned within an inner solid cylinder 102 to facilitate oxidation reactions. At step 606, an electrical impetus module delivers an electrical charge to the catalyst, accelerating the oxidation process. At step 608, control mechanisms regulate the application of electrical impulses to ensure optimal oxidation conditions. Additionally, the method 400 may involve applying pulsed or continuous electrical currents to the catalyst.Overall, the method 400 provides a systematic approach to efficiently oxidize hydrocarbon molecules, contributing to environmental remediation and pollution control efforts.

[0080] In an embodiment, delivering the electrical charge to the titanium surface catalyst 106 involves applying one or more pulsed or continuous electrical currents using the electrical impetus module. The process ensures that the catalyst receives the necessary electrical energy to promote and accelerate the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules effectively. By utilizing pulsed or continuous electrical currents, the method 400 provides flexibility in controlling the intensity and duration of the electrical impulses, allowing for precise modulation of the oxidation process to achieve optimal results. Overall, the approach enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of hydrocarbon oxidation within the device 100, contributing to environmental remediation and pollution control efforts.

[0081] Additionally, the method 600 involves monitoring reaction conditions, including temperature, pressure, and the concentration of reactants and products. Based on feedback received from one or more control mechanisms, the application of electrical impulses is adjusted accordingly. The adaptive approach ensures that the oxidation process is optimized in real-time to maintain optimal conditions for efficient hydrocarbon oxidation. By continuously monitoring and adjusting key parameters, the method 600 maximizes the effectiveness of the oxidation reaction, leading to improved performance and environmental remediation.

[0082] In an embodiment, the method 600 can include multiple sequential steps for the oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules. Initially, hydrocarbon molecules are encapsulated using the capping mechanism to prevent their release into the environment. Next, the encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules are introduced into the inner solid cylinder 102 containing the titanium surface catalyst 106. The oxidation reaction is initiated by delivering an electrical charge to the catalyst using the electrical impetus module, promoting and accelerating the oxidation process. As the oxidation reaction progresses, intermediate reaction products are monitored and analyzed using sensors and monitoring equipment integrated into the device 100. Based on real-time feedback, the application of electrical impulses is regulated using control mechanisms to maintain optimal oxidation conditions throughout the process.

[0083] In another embodiment, the method 600 can involve the continuous flow of hydrocarbon molecules through the inner solid cylinder 102 containing the titanium surface catalyst 106. The capping mechanism encapsulates incoming hydrocarbon molecules, preventing their release into the environment. A continuous supply of hydrocarbon feedstock is introduced into the system through an inlet port, while oxidized products are continuouslyremoved through an outlet port. The titanium surface catalyst 106 can facilitate the oxidation reaction, and the electrical impetus module delivers an electrical charge to accelerate the process. Throughout the operation, the application of electrical impulses is monitored and adjusted in real-time using control mechanisms to maintain optimal oxidation conditions. Additionally, the system may include sensors and monitoring devices to track reaction progress and ensure product quality. The continuous flow oxidation system offers advantages such as high throughput, reduced downtime, and consistent product quality. It is well-suited for industrial-scale applications requiring continuous operation and efficient hydrocarbon oxidation.

[0084] It is to be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that while various embodiments of the present disclosure have been elaborated for a surface catalytic reactor device for polyaromatic hydrocarbon oxidation and a method of operation thereof. However, teachings of the present disclosure are also applicable for other types of applications as well, and all such embodiments are well within the scope of the present disclosure. However, a surface catalytic reactor device for polyaromatic hydrocarbon oxidation and a method of operation thereof and all such embodiments are well within the scope of the present disclosure without any limitation.

[0085] Moreover, in interpreting the specification, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a nonexclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced. Where the specification claims refer to at least one of something selected from the group consisting of A, B, C....and N, the text should be interpreted as requiring only one element from the group, not A plus N, or B plus N, etc.

[0086] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the disclosure, other and further embodiments of the disclosure may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the disclosure is determined by the claims that follow. The disclosure is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are comprised to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the disclosure when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE

[0087] The present disclosure provides a device that facilitates efficient oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules by encapsulating them and promoting their contact with a titanium surface catalyst for rapid and thorough oxidation, leading to effective treatment of hydrocarbon contaminants.

[0088] The present disclosure provides a device with an integration of an electrical impetus module that accelerates the oxidation reaction, enhancing reaction kinetics and reducing the overall treatment time, resulting in faster processing of hydrocarbon molecules and improved treatment efficiency.

[0089] The present disclosure provides a device that effectively oxidizes hydrocarbon molecules, helping mitigate environmental pollution and reduce the release of harmful pollutants into the air, water, and soil.

Claims

I Claim:

1. A device (100) for an oxidation of hydrocarbon molecules, the device (100) comprising: an inner solid cylinder (102) comprising: a capping mechanism to encapsulate hydrocarbon molecules, preventing a release of the hydrocarbon molecules into the environment; a titanium surface catalyst (106) strategically positioned to facilitate an oxidation reaction of encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules; an electrical impetus module integrated into the device (100), operable to deliver an electrical charge to the titanium surface catalyst (106), thereby promoting and accelerating the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules; and one or more control mechanisms for regulating the application of one or more electrical impulses and ensuring optimal oxidation conditions.

2. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device (100) comprises an outer covering (104) for the inner solid cylinder, wherein the outer covering (104) comprises a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, comprising any of a stainless steel or ceramic material, to provide a thermal insulation and protection to the device (100).

3. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrical impetus module further comprises one or more monitoring sensors for assessing a progress of oxidation reactions and providing a feedback to the one or more control mechanisms for adjustment.

4. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device (100) comprises one or more auxiliary components comprising any of a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a fluid circulation sensor arranged to monitor reaction conditions and provide realtime feedback to the capping mechanism.

5. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the capping mechanism comprises a porous membrane material capable of selectively trapping hydrocarbon molecules while allowing passage of other gases or liquids.

6. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device (100) further comprising a temperature control module operable to maintain the titanium surface catalyst (106) at an optimal temperature range for oxidation reactions to occur.

7. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device (100) further comprising a fluid circulation module configured to circulate one or more reactants and products within the inner solid cylinder (102) section to enhance reaction kinetics.

8. The device (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optimal oxidation conditions involve maintaining a controlled temperature range, ensuring a sufficient oxygen availability, and optimizing a concentration of hydrocarbon molecules on the titanium surface catalyst (106).

9. A method (400) for oxidizing hydrocarbon molecules, the method (400) comprising: encapsulating hydrocarbon molecules using a capping mechanism to prevent their release into the environment; positioning a titanium surface catalyst (106) strategically within an inner solid cylinder (102) to facilitate an oxidation reaction of encapsulated hydrocarbon molecules; delivering an electrical charge to the titanium surface catalyst (106) using an electrical impetus module integrated into a device (100), thereby promoting and accelerating the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbon molecules; and regulating the application of one or more electrical impulses using one or more control mechanisms to ensure optimal oxidation conditions during the process.

10. The method (400) as claimed in claim 9, wherein delivering the electrical charge to the titanium surface catalyst (106) comprises applying one or more pulsed or continuous electrical currents using the electrical impetus module.

11. The method (100) as claimed in claim 9, wherein the method (400) further comprises additionally including one or more monitoring reaction conditions comprising temperature, pressure, and concentration of reactants and products, and adjusting application of electrical impulses based on feedback received from the one or more control mechanisms.

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