Low-consumption hydraulic motor with moving piston inside the rotor

Abstract

Abstract In this invention for the design of the various components of the motor, it is tried to get the highest efficiency by integrating the various parts into each other and using the oil pressure optimally while spending the least amount of energy. To this end, several holes have been embedded inside the rotor body, which plays the role of a cylinder. First, some oil is poured inside the cylinders, and then the piston is placed inside the cylinder. To obtain the highest efficiency from the movement of the piston, the angle of the hole embedded inside the rotor is not aligned with the radius of the rotor. For every cylinder hole on one side, there is another hole in its reversal symmetry.

Description

DescriptionTitle of Invention : Low-consumption hydraulic motor with moving piston inside the rotorTechnical Field

[0001] The technical field of this invention relates to increasing the efficiency of low- consumption hydraulic motors through fluid volume and pressure.Background Art

[0002] As mentioned earlier, according to Pascal's law, pressure exerted on a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions and acts with equal force perpendicular to all surfaces. An example of this effect is illustrated in the figure below.

[0003] According to Pascal's law, the pressure applied to fluid A on the left side of the image is transmitted without loss through the piston to fluid B on the right side of the image. In this case, there is no distinction between the type of fluid (gas or liquid), and the transmission of pressure is independent of the volume of the fluid or the geometric shape of the piston. If side A has pressure, side B will also have pressure (or, PA = PB).

[0004] With the explanations provided in paragraphs 3 and 5, along with a brief description of the basic hydraulic formulas, we now delve into systems driven by fluid power.

[0005] Linear actuators: The most used hydraulic devices in the industry, these actuators are predominantly manufactured as hydraulic jacks in various dimensions and power capacities for different applications.

[0006] In linear actuator the pressure of fluid A is transferred to the piston, causing the piston to move and subsequently driving the rod's motion, ultimately transmitting power to the shaft. The level of power in this actuator is dependent on the fluid pressure, the internal cross-sectional area of the cylinder, and the speed of the piston and shaft, which are related to the fluid flow rate.

[0007] Rotary actuators: Rotary actuators in hydraulic systems exhibit a much wider variety of construction compared to linear actuators, and we will now delve into two types of them.

[0008] I .Gear Hydraulic Motors (GEAR MOTORS / PUMP): Gear hydraulic motors / pumps typically have dual functionality, operating as pumps when driven by an external actuator and functioning as motors when connected to pressurized fluid. Here, we are discussing their motor mode.

[0009] In the schematic of the gear motor below, comprised of two gears, a casing, and input and output sections, the fluid flow, upon entering the pump housing, influences some of the gears associated with both gear wheels. However, power transmission solely occurs through gears number 1 and 2. Gears 1 and 2, due to their contact with the fixed motor body, function similarly to pistons in linear actuators, facilitating force transmission. Gear number 3, due to its engagement with gear number 4, which corresponds to the low-pressure section, is transformed into a resistant gear.

[0010] In essence, the resultant force always originates from the action of one of the gear teeth.

[0011] 2. RADIAL PISTON HYDRO MOTOR: This type of hydraulic motor is practically a combination of several linear actuators and a swash plate. The fluid flow under pressure is distributed through dividing valves, which often perform oil injection and discharge simultaneously with the rotation of the swash plate.

[0012] Finally, with the examination of the above content, some common aspects can be inferred for all typical hydraulic actuators:

[0013] A) Increasing fluid flow rate is necessary to enhance speed.

[0014] B) To increase force at constant cross-sectional area, pressure of the fluid must be increased.

[0015] C) To increase force at constant pressure, the cross-sectional area in contact with the fluid must be increased.

[0016] Now, for a better understanding of the invention discussed, we need to delve into the analysis of several other aspects.

[0017] A patent number 08307752 has been granted in the USPTO office, which discloses the following information:

[0018] A hydraulic motor having pistons, some of which are in a working phase and some are in a non-working phase, whereby the pistons are adapted to rotate the piston hydraulic motor's shaft or casing. To the piston hydraulic motor there are at least two working pressure medium channels, whereby the piston hydraulic motor can be connected for full volume or partial volume. In full volume, all the pistons in the working phase can be brought into the working phase in the motor by a pump's working pressure, whereas in the case of partial volume flow only some pistons can be brought into the working phase by the working pressure. The piston hydraulic motor comprises an actuator, which can close one of the piston hydraulic motor's pressurized inlet channels when the pressure in the other pressure medium channel falls below a certain critical value.

[0019] This invention also consists of several cylinders that are activated and deactivated respectively, but the arrangement of the cylinders and the way they are activated and deactivated are totally different from the claimed invention. At the same time, the complexity and number of components in this invention leads to energy loss and hence lowmotor efficiency.Technical Problem

[0020] The main motivations for this invention are overconsumption of fossil fuels, global warming, air pollution, noise and environmental contamination, and all such hazards, and the urgent need for a low-polluting, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly system. Traditionally, all types of motors have been using oil as a fuel, but the main issue is the amount of power these types of motors generate given the input energy. (The efficiency of hydromotors depends on the kind of design and the amount of energy loss in different parts, as well as the pressure oil consumption rate).

[0021] According to Pascal's law equation P*A = F, where F represents the obtainable force, A is the cross-sectional area of the object in contact with the fluid, and P denotes the fluid pressure. In essence, this law forms the basis of operation for all mechanisms utilizing fluid pressure. For example, if the effectivecross-sectional area of a piston is 100 square centimeters and the fluid pressure is 100 bar, the obtainable force will be 10,000 kilograms (about 22046.2 lb.) or ten metric tons.

[0022] This invention aims to optimize energy consumption, increase efficiency, and introduce a new generation of motive force for various applications.

[0023] As we know, the following formulas are commonly used for calculating the power output or consumption related to hydraulic motors and pumps:Q*AP

[0024] For hydraulic pumps: P= - [kw] and for hydraulic motors: P=600*r|

[0025] Here, Q represents the oil volume, P denotes the pressure, q signifies the efficiency of the pump or motor, and 600 is a constant used in calculations.

[0026] For example, to calculate the power consumption for a hydraulic pump with 85% efficiency, a flow rate of 10 liters per minute, and a pressure of 100 bar, we would have:

[0027] (10 * 100) / 600 = 1 .67 kW 1 .96 = 1 .67 / 0.85

[0028] In other words, the power required by the pump to produce this volume of oil at 100 bar pressure will be approximately 1 .96 kilowatts.

[0029] Now, if we calculate the power output of a hydraulic motor using the same efficiency, we have:

[0030] (10 * 100) / 600 = 1 .67 kW 1 .41 = 0.85 * 1 .67

[0031] Here, the power output by the motor will be approximately 1 .41 kilowatts, which is nearly 500 watts less than the energy consumed.

[0032] Alongside other calculation parameters such as volumetric and mechanical efficiency, displacement is another important parameter discussed in the calculations of all hydraulic actuators and movers (pumps, motors, jacks, etc.). Displacement determines the volume of fluid produced by pumps and consumed by actuators.

[0033] For example, for a linear actuator with a displacement of 10 cubic centimeters and a diameter of 10 centimeters (about 3.94 in), we need 7850 milliliters (about 2.07 gal) of fluid. Or a hydraulic pump with a displacement of 8 cubic centimeters per revolution and running at 1500 revolutions per minute can move 12 liters of oil.

[0034] This invention attempts to depart slightly from conventional formulas to achieve greater power output and reduced consumption. It aims to introduce a new generation of motors that utilize fluid movement efficiently, utilizing Pascal's law regarding confined fluids optimally.

[0035] On the other side, the arrangement of the pistons and the low number of moving parts in this motor leads to a reduction in friction and, therefore, higher efficiency.Solution to Problem

[0036] In this invention, an attempt is made to make optimal use of oil pressure and volume and to convert pressure with minimum oil flow into rotary motion for use in various applications, including replacing diesel and gasoline internal combustion motors, driving force in small and large pumps and generators, and any type of system that requires the driving force, with the lowest emission rates.

[0037] In this invention for the design of the various components of the motor, it is tried to get the highest efficiency by integrating the various parts into each other and using the oil pressure optimally while spending the least amount of energy. To this end, several holes have been embedded inside the rotor body, which plays the role of a cylinder. First, some oil is poured inside the cylinders, and then the piston is placed inside the cylinder.

[0038] To obtain the highest efficiency from the movement of the piston, the angle of the hole embedded inside the rotor is not aligned with the radius of the rotor, but onset (beginning of) the hole has an angle of 452with the radius of the rotor, and the cylinder hole continues to an angle of 90 Compared to the angle of the rotor radius and then stops. Therefore, if the rotor is inspected from a cross-section, the cylinder hole is placed on the sides of the rotor.

[0039] For every cylinder hole on one side, there is another hole in its reversal symmetry. That is, if a hole is created on the right side of the rotor from top to bottom, another hole is created on the left side from bottom to top. The number of cylinder holes can be different on-demand, in this invention we considered 8 holes.

[0040] To inject oil into the cylinder, there are at least two holes in the stator. The number of oil injection holes can be more according to the size of the motor. The oil injection holes are in reverse symmetry. That is if an oil injection hole is located on the right and upper side of the stator and injects oil downward and into the cylinder, the other oil injection hole is located on the left and lower side of the stator and injects oil upward and into the cylinder.

[0041] When each cylinder reaches the front of the oil injection holes during the rotor rotation, the oil pressure exerts on the surface of the piston and through it is transferred to the oil under the piston and finally to the rotor. As this pressure is simultaneously exerted downward from one side of the rotor and upward from the other side, the rotor rotates.

[0042] There are other holes on the body of the rotor for the oil to exit. After the rotation of the rotor, when the cylinders are placed in front of these holes, the oil pressure is removed from one piston and at the same time, another piston is exposed to high-pressure oil. In this manner, the rotor will be constantly rotating with a very small amount of oil consumption. As the amount of oil needed to move the rotor in this invention is much less than the previous ones, as a result, the amount of energy used to make the oil flow will also be far less than the existing motors. However, according to the formulas mentioned in the previous sections and the new design of various parts of this motor, with the same low amount of oil injection, the high efficiency from the motor can be obtained.Advantageous Effects of Invention

[0043] • Consuming a very small volume of oil to generate power in the motor

[0044] • Easier maintenance to integrate different parts into each other

[0045] • Consuming less energy to start the motor and also while motor operationBrief Description of Drawings

[0046] 1- The schematic of the rotor before creating cylinder holes

[0047] 2- Schematic of the rotor with other components

[0048] 3- 3D view of rotor and cylinder

[0049] 4- Exploded view of motor componentsDescription of Embodiments

[0050] Figure 1 , illustrates a solid cylinder (1 ) embedded inside a stator (2), the stator has two fluid inlet ducts (3), when high-pressure fluid is injected into the stator through the ducts, the cylinder inside the stator without any movement acts only as a cap and prevents the passage of liquid, but the energy of the fluid, which according to Pascal's law exerted perpendicularly to a part of the ircumference of the cylinder (shown by an arrow), is directed to the center of the cylinder exactly after colliding the cylinder and as they are symmetrical neutralize each other. To recall, it was explained earlier as Pascal's law regarding confined fluids and linear actuators, and that the pressure transfer has nothing to do with the volume of the liquid, nor with the geometric shape of the piston.

[0051] Now, upon revising Figure 1 , this invention will take another form, which is illustrated in Figure 2.

[0052] By embedding some pistons (4) inside the rotor body (5), high-pressure oil is injected from the pipes (6) into the pistons that are placed in front of the oil inlet valve. The pressure is transferred to the oil (7) trapped under it (oil reservoir) and through that, it is transferred to the rotor. According to Pascal's law, the pressure is transferred to the rotor perpendicularly to the surface and causes the rotor to rotate 22.5s. Upon the 22.5srotation, other pistons (401) contact with the high- pressure oil and other pistons (402) and then reach the oil pressure release pipes and this cycle will continue with the least displacement of oil and the highest efficiency.

[0053] Figure 3 shows the three-dimensional view of the rotor and pistons. As seen in the figure, the upper surface of the pistons is designed diagonally, based on the slope of the outer edge of the rotor, and the lower surface of the piston is designed horizontally to apply the necessary pressure to the oil below it.

[0054] The torque generated in this system will directly depend on the 5 factors of the oil reservoir area, oil pressure, number of oil inlets and outlets, number of cylinders, and rotor diameter. The number of cylinders and the number of oil inlets and outlets can be selected according to the required power. For instance, if more oil inlets and outlets are embedded in a way that covers dead centers (centers where there is no piston in front of the oil injection hole), they can increase motor power.Examples

[0055] To utilize this motor, shafts can be added to both sides of the rotor. The front shaft (8) is longer and after entering the bearing (9) it comes out of the front support plate (10) and can be applied for different applications. The back shaft (11) also passes through another bearing (12) and the bearing is restrained by the back and front holding plates (10) and (13). Four bolts and nuts (14) connect the holding plates.Industrial Applicability

[0056] As this motor is fuel-efficient and can be manufactured in different sizes and work with the same mechanism, this motor is used in any industry that can utilize the rotation of a shaft. In the transportation industry, this motor can be used for scooters, motorcycles, light and heavy vehicles, boats and ships, air and rail transportation industries, and electricity production.

[0057] On the other side, this fuel-efficientmotor can be used in all types of small and large industrial devices so that a more optimal amount of energy is used.

Claims

Claims

1. A hydraulic motor in which the oil pressure, pressurizes the piston embedded inside the rotor, and as a result moves the rotor, comprising: a. The rotor, whose body is embedded with holes as a cylinder, and the rotor has a holding shaft and an output shaft; b. The piston, which is placed inside the cylinders embedded in the rotor body; c. The oil, part of which is under the piston and the other part is injected from above on the piston;Where high-pressure oil is injected into the cylinder through the stator hole, and the oil pressure causes the piston to go down and applies a force to the end of the cylinder, which is the side part of the rotor, in turn, causes the rotor to rotate.

2. The hydraulic motor according to claim 1 , the hydraulic motor, where the angle of the hole of the cylinder created on the rotor body starts from 45sto the radius of the rotor from the outer edge and the hole of the cylinder ends at an angle of 90sto the radius.

3. The hydraulic motor according to claim 1 and 2, the hydraulic motor, where for each cylinder created on the rotor, another cylinder is created in its reversal symmetry, so that if the right cylinder hole extends from the upper edge of the rotor into and the bottom of the rotor, another cylinder hole is created in the opposite direction from the bottom edge to the inside and top of the rotor.

4. The hydraulic motor according to claim 1 to 3, in the motor body, in reverse symmetry, there is a place for the oil to enter the cylinder and in other reverse symmetrical directions, there is a place for the oil to exit when the cylinder inlet is placed in oil inlet, the oil is injected into the cylinder by pressure, and when the cylinder opening is placed at the oil outlet, the oil is released.

5. The hydraulic motor according to claim 1 , the oil pressure at the entrance of the motor body into the cylinders can be adjusted synchronously and asynchronously on demand.

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