Multi-power rail system for a robot controller, robot controller comprising the multi-power rail system and method for operating the multi-power rail system
The multi-power rail system with e-Fuses and protection circuits addresses power supply faults in robots by ensuring fail-safe operation and efficient fault data preservation, protecting against overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/103958
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-08
AI Technical Summary
On-board power supplies in robots and industrial control boards with complex processors face faults such as overvoltage, undervoltage, or overcurrent, leading to system failure without proper fault record saving, hindering fault location and analysis.
A multi-power rail system with e-Fuses and protection circuits that monitor and protect against overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature, using backup power to save fault data and maintain system stability.
Ensures immediate fail-safe operation and efficient fault data preservation, reducing damage and facilitating analysis by monitoring power rails in real-time and triggering e-Fuses to protect components.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024103958_08012026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
MULTI-POWER RAIL SYSTEM FOR A ROBOT CONTROLLER, ROBOT CONTROLLER COMPRISING THE MULTI-POWER RAIL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE MULTI-POWER RAIL SYSTEMTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-power rail system for a robot controller, a robot controller comprising a multi-power rail system as described herein and a method for operating a multi-power rail system as described herein.BACKGROUND
[0002] As robots and industrial control boards increasingly adopt complex processors with higher integration, on-board power supplies tend to have multiple power sources and lower voltage. The input power supply is converted into multiple power sources through voltage regulators to supply power to processors and peripherals. However, these on-board power supplies may experience faults such as overvoltage, undervoltage or overcurrent.
[0003] If a board power supply fault occurs without saving certain parameters the system cannot continue to run according to the original fault state parameters after power is restored. Saving the fault event record if a board power supply fault occurs may facilitate later fault location and analysis.SUMMARY
[0004] One object of the present invention is to improve power supply or operation of a robot controller, respectively, preferably to address one or more of the aforementioned problems.
[0005] This object is achieved in particular by a multi-power rail system with the features of claim 1. Claims 13, 15 refer to a robot controller comprising a multi-power rail system as described herein and a method for operating a multi-power rail system as described herein, respectively. Subclaims relate to advantageous embodiments.
[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention a multi-power rail system for a robot controller comprises:
[0007] an electric power input leg; and
[0008] one or more controller legs, wherein said controller leg (seach) comprises:
[0009] an e-Fuse (electrically) connected to the electric power input leg; and
[0010] a power rail arrangement comprising a first and second electric power rail (electrically) connected to said e-Fuse of the respective controller leg, preferably in parallel, wherein said first and second electric power rail each at least temporarily supplies electric power to a, preferably the same, robot controller processor unit of the respective controller leg, preferably said first electric power rail at least temporarily supplies electric power to a first component of said robot controller processor unit and said second electric power rail at least temporarily supplies electric power to a second component of said robot controller processor unit, or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0011] According to some embodiments the electric power input leg comprises a power input protection which may comprise EMC protection and / or EMI protection and / or reverse polarity protection and / or is connected upstream of the controller leg (s) . According to some embodiments the electric power input leg comprises power conversion, preferably upstream of the controller leg (s) and / or between said power input protection and the controller leg (s) . This may improve operability of the system.
[0012] Preferably an e-Fuse is an electronic fuse (eFuse) and / or comprises a circuit, preferably an integrated circuit, providing or implementing a fuse functionality, respectively.
[0013] According to some embodiments the power rail arrangement of the controller leg or the power rail arrangement (s) of one or more of the controller legs (each) comprise (s) one or more further electric power rails connected to the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg, wherein said further electric power rail (seach) at least temporarily supplies electric power to the robot controller processor unit of the respective controller leg, preferably different further electric power rails supply electric power at least temporarily to different further components of said robot controller processor unit, or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0014] By two (first and second) or more (one or more further) electric power rails different components of a robot controller processor unit can be advantageously supplied with electric power. In particular two or more electric power rails of (one or more of) the power rail arrangement (s) may supply electric power at different voltages or be adapted to this (purpose) respectively, e.g. a first electric power rail at a first voltage of just for example 2.5V, a second electric power rail at a second voltage of just for example 3.3V, a first further or third electric power rail, respectively, at a third voltage of just for example 1.8V, a second further or fourth electric power rail, respectively, at a fourth voltage of just for example 1.2V, a third further or fifth electric power rail, respectively, at a fifth voltage of just for example 0.6V or the like.
[0015] By two or more controller legs each comprising a robot controller processor unit a robot can be advantageously controlled, in particular said two or more robot controller processor units may perform different controller tasks and / or work redundantly and / or control each other.
[0016] According to the first aspect of the present invention the controller leg or one or more of the controller legs of the multi-power rail system (each) comprise (s) a protection circuit which triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg, wherein the triggered e-Fuse cuts off the electric power supply of the robot controller processor unit (via the (electric power rails of the) power rail arrangement) of the respective controller leg, wherein said protection circuit triggers said e-Fuse
[0017] in case of an overvoltage in the first electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg
[0018] and
[0019] in case of an overvoltage in the second electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg
[0020] or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0021] According to some embodiments the protection circuit of the controller leg or the protection circuit (s) of one or more of the controller legs (each) triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg to cut off the electric power supply of the robot controller processor unit (via the (electric power rails of the) power rail arrangement) of the respective controller leg, wherein said protection circuit triggers said e-Fuse (also)
[0022] in case of an overvoltage in the at least one further electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0023] preferably
[0024] in case of an overvoltage in a first of the further electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg
[0025] and
[0026] in case of an overvoltage in a second of the further electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0027] preferably
[0028] in case of an overvoltage in any one of the (further) electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0029] or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0030] In other words, according to some embodiments the protection circuit of (one or more of) the controller leg (seach) triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg in case of an overvoltage in any (arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg or as soon as in at least (an arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of the respective power rail arrangement (comprising two or more, preferably at least three, according to some embodiments at least four, electric power rails) an overvoltage occurs or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0031] By triggering an e-Fuse due to an overvoltage in any (arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of a power rail arrangement comprising two or more, preferably at least three, according to some embodiments at least four, electric power rails, the robot controller processor unit of the respective controller leg can advantageously be protected.
[0032] According to some embodiments the multi-power rail system further comprises a backup electric power supply which is used for saving fault data and / or robot controller parameters or adapted to this (purpose) respectively. According to some embodiments said backup electric power supply comprises at least one capacitor, preferably a supercapacitor, connected to the electric power input leg. According to some embodiments the multi-power rail system may further comprise a memory (for) saving fault data and / or robot controller parameters or adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0033] By saving fault data and / or robot controller parameters using such backup electric power supply (and memory) the robot controller can advantageously continue to run according to the original fault state parameters after restoration and / or fault location and analysis may be facilitated.
[0034] According to some embodiments the protection circuit of the controller leg or the protection circuit (s) of one or more of the controller legs (each) triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg (also)
[0035] in case of an undervoltage in the first electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg
[0036] and
[0037] in case of an undervoltage in the second electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg;
[0038] preferably (also)
[0039] in case of an undervoltage in the at least one further electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0040] preferably
[0041] in case of an undervoltage in a first of the further electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg
[0042] and
[0043] in case of an undervoltage in a second of the further electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0044] preferably
[0045] in case of an undervoltage in any one of the (further) electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0046] or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0047] In other words, according to some embodiments the protection circuit of (one or more of) the controller leg (seach) triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg (also) in case of an undervoltage in any (arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg or as soon as in at least (an arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of the respective power rail arrangement (comprising two or more, preferably at least three, according to some embodiments at least four, electric power rails) an undervoltage occurs or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0048] According to some embodiments the robot controller processor unit of the respective controller leg triggers the protection circuit of the respective controller leg which in turn triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg or to trigger the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg, respectively, or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0049] According to some embodiments the protection circuit of the controller leg or the protection circuit (s) of one or more of the controller legs (each) triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg (also) in case of an undervoltage identified by the robot controller processor unit of the respective controller leg.
[0050] By triggering an e-Fuse (also) due to an undervoltage in the robot controller processor unit or in any (arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of a power rail arrangement comprising two or more, preferably at least three, according to some embodiments at least four, electric power rails, respectively, operation of the robot controller (processor unit of the respective controller leg) can advantageously be made more stable. By using the (same) e-Fuse advantageously effort can be reduced.
[0051] According to some embodiments the protection circuit of the controller leg or the protection circuit (s) of one or more of the controller legs (each) triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg
[0052] in case of overtemperature, preferably at said controller leg; and / or
[0053] in case of overcurrent,
[0054] preferably
[0055] in case of an overcurrent in the first electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg
[0056] and
[0057] in case of an overcurrent in the second electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg;
[0058] preferably (also)
[0059] in case of an overcurrent in the at least one further electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0060] preferably
[0061] in case of an overcurrent in a first of the further electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg
[0062] and
[0063] in case of an overcurrent in a second of the further electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0064] preferably
[0065] in case of an overcurrent in any one of the (further) electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0066] or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0067] In other words, according to some embodiments the protection circuit of (one or more of) the controller leg (seach) triggers the e-Fuse of the respective controller leg (also) in case of an overcurrent in any (arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg or as soon as in at least (an arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of the respective power rail arrangement (comprising two or more, preferably at least three, according to some embodiments at least four, electric power rails) an overcurrent occurs or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0068] By triggering an e-Fuse (also) due to an overtemperature and / or overcurrent, preferably in any (arbitrary) one of the electric power rails of a power rail arrangement comprising two or more, preferably at least three, according to some embodiments at least four, electric power rails, the robot controller, in particular the robot controller processor unit of the respective controller leg, can advantageously be protected. By using the (same) e-Fuse advantageously effort can be reduced.
[0069] According to some embodiments the protection circuit of the controller leg or the protection circuit (s) of one or more of the controller legs (each) comprises a crowbar circuit comprising
[0070] a first comparator for comparing voltage of the first electric power rail of said controller leg with a reference voltage for triggering the e-Fuse of said controller leg if said voltage of the first electric power rail exceeds said reference voltage; and
[0071] a second comparator for comparing voltage of the second electric power rail of said controller leg with a reference voltage for triggering the e-Fuse of said controller leg if said voltage of the second electric power rail exceeds said reference voltage;
[0072] preferably (also)
[0073] a further comparator for comparing voltage of the at least one further electric power rail of said controller leg with a reference voltage for triggering the e-Fuse of said controller leg if said voltage of the at least one further electric power rail exceeds said reference voltage; preferably
[0074] a first further comparator for comparing voltage of a first of the further electric power rails of said controller leg with a reference voltage for triggering the e-Fuse of said controller leg if said voltage of the first further electric power rail exceeds said reference voltage; and
[0075] a second further comparator for comparing voltage of a second of the further electric power rails of said controller leg with a reference voltage for triggering the e-Fuse of said controller leg if said voltage of the second further electric power rail exceeds said reference voltage;
[0076] preferably
[0077] for any one of the electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg a comparator for comparing voltage of said electric power rail of said controller leg with a reference voltage for triggering the e-Fuse of said controller leg if said voltage of said electric power rail exceeds said reference voltage
[0078] or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0079] According to some embodiments the comparators of the protection circuit of the controller leg or the comparators of the protection circuit (s) of one or more of the controller legs (each, within the respective (protection circuit of) the controller leg, ) are connected in parallel.
[0080] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments said crowbar circuit may trigger a thyristor (so as) to trigger the respective e-Fuse or be adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0081] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments said crowbar circuit may trigger the respective e-Fuse
[0082] in case of an undervoltage in the first electric power rail of the respective controller leg and
[0083] in case of an undervoltage in the second electric power rail of said controller leg; preferably (also)
[0084] in case of an undervoltage in the at least one further electric power rail of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0085] preferably
[0086] in case of an undervoltage in a first of the further electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg
[0087] and
[0088] in case of an undervoltage in a second of the further electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0089] preferably
[0090] in case of an undervoltage in any one of the (further) electric power rails of the (power rail arrangement of the) respective controller leg,
[0091] or may be adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0092] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments said crowbar circuit may trigger the respective e-Fuse in case of an undervoltage identified by the robot controller processor unit of the respective controller leg or may be adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0093] By such crowbar circuits effort may be reduced and / or reliability may be improved.
[0094] According to some embodiments the power rail arrangement of the controller leg or the power rail arrangement (s) of one or more of the controller legs (each) may comprise a power sequence controller for controlling the first and second electric power rail of said controller leg, preferably for controlling (also) the at least one further electric power rail of said controller leg, preferably for controlling a first and a second of the further electric power rails of said controller leg, preferably for controlling any one of the (further) electric power rails of the respective controller leg, according to a power sequence requirement or may be adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0095] By such power sequence control (ler) operation of the robot controller, in particular the respective robot controller processor unit, may be improved.
[0096] According to some embodiments the controller leg or one or more of the controller legs (each) comprise (s) a safety shutoff unit which triggers a safety torque off and / or a safety braking of a robot which is controlled by the robot controller (processor unit) or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0097] By such safety shutoff (unit) operation safety may be improved.
[0098] According to some embodiments the multi-power rail system may comprise the robot controller processor unit (s) connected to the power rail arrangement (s) of (one or more of) the controller leg (s) , wherein said power rail arrangement (s) at least temporarily supply electric power to said robot controller processor unit (s) or is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively.
[0099] According to a further aspect of the present invention a robot controller comprises a multi-power rail system as described herein.
[0100] According to some embodiments the robot controller may further comprise motor drivers which command motors of a robot and are controlled by (one or more of) the robot controller processor unit (s) , wherein the multi-power rail system, in particular its power rail arrangement (s) , supplies electric power to said robot controller processor unit (s) , or wherein the robot controller, in particular the multi-power rail system and / or motor drivers and / or robot motors, is / are adapted to this (purpose) respectively. According to some embodiments the multi-power rail system may comprise said motor drivers.
[0101] According to a further aspect of the present invention a method for operating a multi-power rail system as described herein comprises triggering the e-Fuse of (one or more of) the controller leg (s) to cut off electric power supply via the power rail arrangement of said controller leg to the robot controller processor unit of said controller leg in case of an overvoltage in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement.
[0102] According to some embodiments the method comprises triggering said e-Fuse in case of an undervoltage in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement.
[0103] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments the method comprises triggering said e-Fuse in case of an undervoltage identified by the robot controller processor unit of said controller leg.
[0104] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments the method comprises triggering said e-Fuse in case of overtemperature and / or overcurrent.
[0105] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments the method comprises saving fault data and / or robot controller parameters using backup electric power supply in case of main power loss.
[0106] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments the method comprises performing safety shutoff comprising triggering a safety torque off and / or a safety braking of a robot in case of an overvoltage in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement.
[0107] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments the method comprises performing safety shutoff comprising triggering a safety torque off and / or a safety braking of a robot in case of an overcurrent in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement.
[0108] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments the method comprises performing safety shutoff comprising triggering a safety torque off and / or a safety braking of a robot in case of an undervoltage in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement.
[0109] Additionally or alternatively, according to some embodiments the method comprises performing safety shutoff comprising triggering a safety torque off and / or a safety braking of a robot if said e-Fuse is triggered.
[0110] According to some embodiments the multi-power rail system or robot controller, respectively, is adapted to carry out a method as described herein. Accordingly, according to some embodiments one or more, in particular all, steps of a method as described herein are carried out completely or partially automatically, in particular by the multi-power rail system or robot controller, respectively.
[0111] In particular compared with existing technology, the present invention may provide one or more of the following aspects according to some embodiments:
[0112] achieving overvoltage protection and preferably also undervoltage protection for multiple power supplies, according to some embodiments for SoC and / or in consideration with functional safety design. In particular the robot controller can get in fail-safe state immediately upon a hardware power failure;
[0113] the inventive design of overvoltage failure protection for each rail can trigger a crowbar circuit which can result in overcurrent shutoff for e-Fuse protection circuitry;
[0114] an inventive design of a crowbar circuitry to response against overvoltage fault;
[0115] each power supply can be monitored for overvoltage and preferably also undervoltage in real-time by purely hardware design, and when an overvoltage fault occurs, it can cut off the main power supply in time to protect the robot controller processor unit (s) or board, respectively, from overvoltage impact;
[0116] the safety system can shutoff STO ( “Safety Torque Off” ) and / or SBC ( “Safety Bracking Control” ) immediately upon detecting a power failure, issue a stop0 for a / the robot;
[0117] an inventive design of STO / SBC control logic, preferably using an AND logic;
[0118] when the main input power supply is cut off, the backup (super) capacitor can be seamlessly switched to supply power to the logic system to complete data backup writing to non-volatile memory;
[0119] an inventive design of supercap (acitor) power switching backup and data protection upon power loss;
[0120] the power protection and diagnosis may advantageously comply with the functional safety IEC61508-2 diagnostic protection requirements.
[0121] According to some embodiments the present invention proposes a novel power protection circuit and data power-off saving method that advantageously may be easy to implement and / or cost-effective. According to some embodiments it can monitor the power voltage status of a board in real-time and respond promptly when overvoltage, undervoltage and / or overcurrent occurs. When a power supply on the board experiences overvoltage, the e-Fuse can be cut off at a fast (er) speed to protect the secondary circuit from damage. Additionally or alternatively, the backup power supply can be seamlessly switched to ensure that fault data and / or important operating parameters can be saved to non-volatile memory in a timely manner, ensuring fault traceability and / or data integrity. When a power undervoltage occurs, the processor can be reset in a timely manner, it can actively control the main input power supply to be cut off. Meanwhile, fault records and / or important operating parameters can be well-protected and stored under input power loss. Real-time diagnosis and monitoring of the power supply can ensure the reduction of common cause failures, protect important data when power supply faults occur, and ensure that safe outputs are responded to in real-time.
[0122] Further advantages and features can be gathered from the dependent claims and the exemplary embodiments.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0123] Fig. 1 shows a multi-power rail system of a robot controller according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0124] Fig. 2 shows a controller leg of the multi-power rail system of the robot controller;
[0125] Fig. 3 shows a crowbar circuit of the controller leg; and
[0126] Fig 4 shows a method for operating the multi-power rail system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0127] Reference list 1 Power Input Protection 2 Power conversion 3 Charge and Protection (backup supercapacitor unit) 3a Scap 4 Motor Drivers 10 e-Fuse 11 Power rails and protection unit (A) 12 Processing unit (A) 13 Safety Shutoff (A) 14 Data Storage (A) 20 e-Fuse 21 Power rails and protection unit (B) 22 Processing unit (B) 23 Safety Shutoff (B) 24 Cross (-linkage) 31 e-Fuse (O(ver) V (oltage) P (rotection) / U (nder) V (oltage) P (rotection) / O (ver) C (urrent) P (rotection) / O (ver) T (emperature) P (rotection) ) 32 Processor unit 33A O (ver) V (oltage) Detection 33B U (nder) V (oltage) Detection 34 Crowbar Circuit 35 Memory (unit) 35a DDR LDO BUCK1 -BUCK4 convertor CTL control COA -COC ( (Over) Voltage) comparator MOS Mosfet OCP Overcurrent protection OVP Overvoltage protection OV_TRP Signal RA -RD Rail RES Reset SCH Schmitt inverter SEQ Power sequence control logic unit THY Thyristor UVP Undervoltage protection UV_OUT Signal VA -VC VoltageDETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0128] Fig. 1 shows (apower protection and data saving against power failure system diagram of or for) a multi-power rail system of or for a robot controller according to one embodiment of the present invention, respectively. Fig. 2 shows (power overvoltage monitoring and crowbar circuit of) a controller leg of the multi-power rail system of the robot controller. Fig. 3 shows (power overvoltage monitoring and) the crowbar circuit. Fig. 4 shows (a protection logic of power failure according to) a method for operating the multi-power rail system according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0129] Figure 1 shows a basic design architecture diagram. The entire architecture or multi-power rail system, respectively, comprises an electric power input leg comprising a power input protection (unit) 1 and a power conversion (unit) 2.
[0130] A backup electric power supply for saving fault data and / or robot controller parameters to a SCAP memory 3a comprises backup supercapacitor unit 3 connected to the electric power input leg.
[0131] The entire architecture or multi-power rail system, respectively, further comprises two controller legs, each comprising an e-Fuse unit 10 or 20, respectively, a power rails monitoring and protection unit 11 or 21, respectively, a main logic processing unit 12 or 22, respectively, and safety shutoff unit 13 or 23, respectively.
[0132] The entire architecture or multi-power rail system, respectively, further comprises a non-volatile memory data storage unit 14 communicating with main logic processing unit 12. Main logic processing unit 22 may also communicate with memory data storage unit 14, in particular via cross-linkage 24, or with another memory data storage unit (not shown) .
[0133] The main logic processing units 12, 22 each may comprise robot controller processor units 32 (see Fig. 2) for controlling motor drivers 4 for commanding motors of a robot (not shown) .
[0134] Power input protection 1 may comprise EMC protection and / or EMI protection and reverse polarity protection. Power conversion 2 may comprise a Buck conversion, for example converting 24V to (be) 5V.
[0135] Power rails (monitoring) and protection unit 11, 21 each may comprise more regulators or PMIC down converted power rails and relevant protection circuitry as will be explained also in further detail with reference to Fig. 2.
[0136] Logic (processing) unit 12, 22 each can comprise, in particular be, a SoC, processor, ARM controller, MCU and / or its peripherals.
[0137] Safety shutoff unit 13, 23 may implement safety torque off and / or safety brake control.
[0138] Motor drivers 4 may comprise power frequency invertors to drive the motors.
[0139] The power input protection (unit) 1 in Figure 1 may comprise basic electromagnetic compatibility protection circuits such as transient surges, EFT, ESD, and some common mode conducted interference protection circuits. Reverse protection may prevent the input power from being reversed.
[0140] After EMC, EMI and / or reverse protection, there are two e-Fuse (unit) s10, 20 for the (main) logic (processing) units 12, 22. A common e-fuse protection circuit may be used which is often called an electronic eFuse hot-plug circuit. It can provide overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature and / or soft start protection for the input power.
[0141] Fig. 2 shows one of the two controller legs of Fig. 1 which basically correspond to each other. Accordingly, e-Fuse unit 10 and / or 20 (each) can comprise an e-Fuse 31 of Fig. 2 and main logic processing unit 12 and / or 22 (each) can comprise a (robot controller) processor unit 32 of Fig. 2 and the following explanation may apply to one or both controller legs of Fig. 1.
[0142] After the e-Fuse (unit) 10 or 20 or 31, respectively, as Fig. 2 shows, in the power rails (conversion and / or monitoring) and protection unit 11 or 21 for each logic system or processing unit 12 or 22 or controller leg, respectively, the input power supply after e-Fuse 31 is converted into several or dozens of lower-level power rails (exemplary RA, RB, RC and RD in Fig. 2) to supply to the logic units. All outputs of buck convertor BUCK1, BUCK2, BUCK3 and BUCK4 are monitored by a voltage supervisor detection unit 33A, 33B for overvoltage (33A) and undervoltage (33B) protection purpose.
[0143] Typically, the board-level voltages range from 3.3V, 2.5V, 1.8V, 1.2V, 1V, 0.8V, 0.6V, etc. Due to the variety of these power supplies, the protection design for these power supplies is often ignored in general industrial control design. Typically, a simple ADC is used to diagnose whether the power supply voltage exceeds the predefined range. If it exceeds the limit, a fault alarm is given to notify the user of the board failure.
[0144] According to one aspect of the present invention a new method and architecture of overvoltage and undervoltage monitoring circuit is proposed, respectively. If in any one of rails RA -RD overvoltage occurs, voltage supervisor detection 33A will output OV_TRIP as low, which will trigger crowbar circuit 34 which could lead to an overcurrent failure for e-Fuse 31, therefore the e-Fuse 31 shuts off the power. In this way it can protect the downstream circuit with no damage and the robot controller can enter into fail-safe state upon the power failure.
[0145] If undervoltage occurs in any one of output rails RA -RD, the supervisor detection 33B output would be pulled low, 33B would furtherly pull low to reset processor unit 32. The OV_TRIP and UV_OUT signals are combined with STO / SBC / SO output using AND logic to make sure the controller can get in fail-safe state immediately upon a hardware power failure.
[0146] As already explained, Fig. 2 shows the power rails conversion, protection, and crowbar circuit protection. After the e-Fuse 31 the input rail (voltage) can be converted to the different rails by buck or LDO convertor BUCK1 -BUCK4. Power sequence control logic unit SEQ to make sure the power-up and power-down sequence to meet processor power-up and down sequence requirement. The SEQ unit can be combined with AND logic to achieve different power sequence requirements. Fig. 2 also shows a memory unit 35. MOS denotes a mosfet, RES denotes a reset and 35a denotes DDR LDO in Fig. 2.
[0147] In Fig. 3 (overvoltage) crowbar (trigger) mechanism or circuit, respectively, is illustrated. When an overvoltage fault occurs in one of the power supplies or rails RA -RD, respectively, the overvoltage detection circuit 33A will timely detect the overvoltage fault through the respective comparator COA, COB or COC, respectively (an additional comparator may be provided for rail RD in a modification not shown in Fig. 3) . When the respective voltage VA, VB or VC of the voltage divider network exceeds the reference voltage, the respective comparator COA, COB or COC will output a high level to turn on and close the N-mosfet, and the output will be pulled low. This low level will be inverted by a Schmitt inverter SCH into a high level. When the control terminal of thyristor THY is at a high level, the thyristor will be turned on, triggering the overcurrent protection of the (electronic) e-Fuse 31 and cutting off the main power supply. Thus, the downstream circuit is protected.
[0148] The overvoltage monitoring outputs of multiple power supplies are connected in parallel, which correspond to an AND logic because they are open-drain outputs. In other words, when one of them has an overvoltage fault, the thyristor THY will be triggered.
[0149] At the same time, there is a control CTL from the processor (unit 32) itself, which is used to control the shutdown. When an undervoltage fault occurs, the processor can actively control the e-Fuse shutdown after judging and synthesizing the logic analysis.
[0150] Figure 4 describes the power protection logic and backup of important operating parameters when power loss occurs.
[0151] Step S10 denotes a start of operating the multi-power rail system, step S20 denotes occurrence of a power failure.
[0152] When an overvoltage fault occurs in one of the power supply voltages (Fig. 4: “OVP” ) or a downstream overcurrent occurs (Fig. 4: “OCP” ) , the hardware circuit will immediately cut off the main power supply through the crowbar (triggering) circuit 34 and e-Fuse (circuit) 31 (Fig. 4 Step S30 denoting crowbar triggers and input power for logic system cut-off by e-Fuse; step S40 denoting input power for logic system cut-off by e-Fuse) , the controller will enter in fail-safe state by the OV_TRIP signal (Fig. 4 Steps S50 and S55 denoting safety shutoff activated, controller fail-safe state entered instantly) . Fail-safe state preferably comprises motor torque is off and / or safety brake power is switched off and / or safety related outputs are switched off and / or the robot moving is stopped.
[0153] When main or input power loss occurs, respectively, the controller will go in fail-safe state immediately upon main power loss, respectively (Fig. 4 Step S60) . At the meantime the supercap (acitor) backup power supply will seamlessly switch on (Fig. 4 Step S70 denoting supercap (acitor) backup is switched on to supply for logic system) . After the switching circuit switches (Fig. 4 Step S80 denoting logic system unit 12 save important data to memory 14) , the input power loss status will actively be reported to the processor unit. After the processor (senters) receives the status, it will package the important parameters and image file system into non-volatile memory storge unit. After confirmation (Fig. 4 Step S90: “Confirm data saved” ) , the protection of power-off data is completed and the method ends (Fig. 4 Step S100: “End” ) .
[0154] When an undervoltage occurs in one of the power supplies (Fig. 4: “UVP” ) , the UV_OUT signals are combined with shutoff unit STO / SBC / SO output using AND logic to make sure the controller can get in fail-safe state immediately upon a hardware power failure. 33B or the UV_OUT, respectively, would furtherly pull low to reset the processor unit. The other processor unit will be reset by watchdog when there is no cross communication cycle from the other or counterpart processor unit, respectively. Accordingly, Step S110 in Fig. 4 denotes safety shutoff activated by U (nder) V (oltage) or the UV_OUT, respectively, controller fail-safe state entered instantly, and S120 in Fig. 4 denotes (both) processor units 12, 22 or 32, respectively, are in reset status.
[0155] In the present disclosure “comprises one / an X” in general does not imply an exclusive list but is a short form of “comprises at least one / an X” and also comprises “comprises two or more X” -Although exemplary embodiments have been discussed in the preceding description, it should be pointed out that a large number of modifications are possible. It should also be pointed out that the exemplary embodiments are only examples that are not intended to limit the scope of protection or the possible applications and structure of the invention in any way. Rather, the person skilled in the art is given a guide for the realisation of at least one exemplary embodiment by the preceding description, wherein various modifications, in particular with regard to the function and arrangement of the described components or features, may be realized without leaving the scope of protection as derived from the claims and features combinations equivalent thereto respectively.
Claims
1.A multi-power rail system for a robot controller, wherein the multi-power rail system comprises:an electric power input leg (1, 2) ; andone or more controller legs each comprising:an e-Fuse (10; 20; 31) connected to the electric power input leg;a power rail arrangement comprising a first and second electric power rail (RA; RB; RC; RD) connected to said e-Fuse for electric power supply of a robot controller processor unit (12; 22; 32) ; anda protection circuit for triggering said e-Fuse to cut off said electric power supply in case of an overvoltage in the first electric power rail and in case of an overvoltage in the second electric power rail.2.The multi-power rail system according to claim 1, wherein the power rail arrangement of at least one controller leg comprises at least one further electric power rail (RA; RB; RC; RD) connected to the e-Fuse of said controller leg for electric power supply of the robot controller processor unit of said controller leg and the protection circuit of said controller leg is adapted to trigger the e-Fuse of said controller leg to cut off the electric power supply in case of an overvoltage in said further electric power rail.3.The multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a backup electric power supply for saving at least one of fault data or robot controller parameters.4.The multi-power rail system according to claim 3, wherein the backup electric power supply comprises at least one capacitor (3) connected to the electric power input leg.5.The multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the protection circuit of at least one controller leg is adapted to trigger the e-Fuse of said controller leg in case of an undervoltage in the first electric power rail of said controller leg and in case of an undervoltage in the second electric power rail of said controller leg.6.The multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the protection circuit of at least one controller leg is adapted to trigger the e-Fuse of said controller leg in case of an undervoltage identified by the robot controller processor unit of said controller leg.7.The multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the protection circuit of at least one controller leg is adapted to trigger the e-Fuse of said controller leg in case of at least one of overtemperature or overcurrent.8.The multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the protection circuit of at least one controller leg comprises a crowbar circuit comprising a first comparator (COA) for comparing voltage of the first electric power rail of said controller leg with a reference voltage and a second comparator (COB) for comparing voltage of the second electric power rail of said controller leg with a reference voltage for triggering the e-Fuse of said controller leg.9.The multi-power rail system according to claim 8, wherein at least one of:said comparators are connected in parallel;said crowbar circuit is adapted to trigger a thyristor (THY) to trigger said e-Fuse;said crowbar circuit is adapted to trigger said e-Fuse in case of an undervoltage in the first electric power rail of said controller leg and in case of an undervoltage in the second electric power rail of said controller leg;said crowbar circuit is adapted to trigger said e-Fuse in case of an undervoltage identified by the robot controller processor unit of said controller leg.10.The multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the power rail arrangement of at least one controller leg comprises a power sequence controller (SEQ) for controlling the first and second electric power rail of said controller leg according to a power sequence requirement.11.The multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one controller leg comprises a safety shutoff unit (13; 23) for triggering at least one of a safety torque off or a safety braking of a robot.12.The multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one robot controller processor unit connected to the power rail arrangement of a controller leg.13.A robot controller comprising the multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims.14.The robot controller according to claim 13, comprising motor drivers (4) controllable by at least one robot controller processor unit for commanding motors of a robot, wherein the multi-power rail system is adapted for electric power supply of said robot controller processor unit.15.A method for operating the multi-power rail system according to any one of the preceding claims comprising triggering (S30) the e-Fuse of a controller leg to cut off electric power supply via the power rail arrangement of said controller leg to a robot controller processor unit in case of an overvoltage in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement.16.The method according to claim 15, comprising at least one of:triggering said e-Fuse in case of an undervoltage in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement;triggering said e-Fuse in case of an undervoltage identified by the robot controller processor unit of said controller leg;triggering said e-Fuse in case of at least one of overtemperature or overcurrent;saving at least one of fault data or robot controller parameters using backup electric power supply in case of main power loss;performing safety shutoff (S50) comprising triggering at least one of a safety torque off or a safety braking of a robot in case of an overvoltage in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement;performing safety shutoff (S55) comprising triggering at least one of a safety torque off or a safety braking of a robot in case of an overcurrent in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement;performing safety shutoff comprising triggering at least one of a safety torque off or a safety braking of a robot in case of an undervoltage in any one of the electric power rails of said power rail arrangement;performing safety shutoff comprising triggering at least one of a safety torque off or a safety braking of a robot if said e-Fuse is triggered.
Citation Information
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