Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of antennas, and provide an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, and a tuning component. The first radiator is configured to be electrically connected to a feed source. A first end of the second radiator is grounded. One end of the tuning component is connected to a second end of the second radiator, and the other end of the tuning component is grounded. The tuning component comprises an inductor. When the antenna structure is in a first operating mode: one end of the inductor is connected to the second end, the other end of the inductor is grounded; an inductance value of the inductor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10 nh; the first radiator is coupled to the second radiator; a difference between the frequency of a resonance generated by the first radiator and the frequency of a resonance generated by the second radiator is greater than or equal to 100 MHz and less than or equal to 400 MHz; and a current direction on the first radiator is the same as that of the second radiator. In this way, the strength of signals radiated by antenna structures to the external environment is increased while satisfying specific absorption rate requirements.

Description

Antenna structure and electronic equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410924442.9, filed on July 10, 2024, entitled “Antenna Structure and Electronic Equipment”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] Electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets often have antenna structures, which are used to transmit and receive radio waves to achieve communication functions.

[0004] When an antenna structure is in operation, it radiates electromagnetic waves into the outside world. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of an antenna structure can be used to represent the amount of radiation emitted by the antenna structure to the human body when it is in operation. The lower the SAR, the less radiation is absorbed by the human body when the antenna structure is in operation, and the less radiation is emitted by the antenna structure to the human body when it is in operation.

[0005] In related technologies, antenna structures that meet the specific absorptivity requirements often radiate signals with relatively weak intensity. Therefore, how to improve the signal intensity radiated by an antenna structure while still meeting the specific absorptivity requirement has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of antenna technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device that can improve the signal strength radiated to the outside by the antenna structure while meeting the requirements of specific absorption rate.

[0007] A first aspect of this application provides an antenna structure including a first radiator, a second radiator, and a first tuning component. The first and second radiators are spaced apart. The first radiator is electrically connected to a feed source. The second radiator includes a first end and a second end, with the first end being a grounded end. One end of the first tuning component is connected to the second end, and the other end of the first tuning component is grounded. The first tuning component includes an inductor. The antenna structure has a first operating mode. When the antenna structure is in the first operating mode: one end of the inductor is connected to the second end, and the other end of the inductor is grounded, so that the second end is grounded through the inductor. The inductance value of the inductor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10nH. The first radiator generates a first resonance. The first radiator is coupled to the second radiator, which generates a second resonance. The frequency difference between the first and second resonances is greater than or equal to 100MHz and less than or equal to 400MHz. The current direction on the first radiator is the same as the current direction on the second radiator.

[0008] The antenna structure provided in this application embodiment, when in a first operating mode, has a first radiator as the main feed structure and a second radiator as a parasitic structure of the first radiator. The radio frequency signal fed into the first radiator can be radiated through the first and second radiators. The magnetic field generated by the antenna structure is dispersed at the first and second radiators, so that the radiation hotspots of the antenna structure are dispersed on the first and second radiators. In this way, the system efficiency of the antenna structure can be improved while meeting the specific absorption rate requirement, thereby increasing the strength of the signal radiated by the antenna structure to the outside.

[0009] Furthermore, by grounding the first end and grounding the second end through an inductor with an inductance value greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10nh, the second radiator can have two magnetic flow paths, forming two strong magnetic field points that are far apart at the second radiator. This makes the magnetic field and radiation hotspots at the second radiator more dispersed, thereby further improving the system efficiency of the antenna structure while meeting the specific absorption rate requirements, and further enhancing the strength of the signal radiated by the antenna structure to the outside world.

[0010] In addition, the two different resonances formed on the first and second radiators can make the antenna structure have a wider bandwidth when it is in the first operating mode, which is also conducive to enabling the antenna structure to operate in multiple frequency bands.

[0011] Furthermore, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is less than or equal to 400MHz, which facilitates the radiation of the radio frequency signal fed into the first radiator through the second radiator. The frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is greater than or equal to 100MHz, which reduces the radiation intensity at the second radiator and helps to reduce the specific absorption rate at the second radiator.

[0012] In addition, the direction of the current on the first radiator is the same as the direction of the current on the second radiator, which makes the mutual cancellation of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiator and the second radiator weaker, thus making the system efficiency of the antenna structure higher.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the second radiator includes a first radiating stub and a second radiating stub. The first radiating stub includes a first end and a third end, and the second radiating stub includes a second end and a fourth end. The third end and the fourth end are disposed opposite each other, forming a gap between the third end and the fourth end. When the antenna structure is in a first operating mode: the first radiator is coupled to the second radiating stub, and the third end is coupled to the fourth end.

[0014] Thus, when the antenna structure is in its first operating mode, the first radiating stub can couple with the second radiating stub, facilitating a larger gap between the two strong magnetic field points formed at the second radiator. This further disperses the magnetic field and radiating hotspots at the second radiator, thereby improving the system efficiency of the antenna structure while meeting the specific absorptivity requirements, and further enhancing the signal strength radiated by the antenna structure. Furthermore, it facilitates the placement of tuning components on both sides of the gap, allowing the second radiator to operate in multiple modes and frequency bands.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the antenna structure further includes a second tuning component. One end of the second tuning component is connected to the third end, and the other end of the second tuning component is connected to the fourth end. The second tuning component includes a capacitor. When the antenna structure is in a first operating mode: the two ends of the capacitor are connected to the third and fourth ends respectively, the third and fourth ends are capacitively coupled, and the capacitance value of the capacitor is greater than or equal to 0.3 pF and less than or equal to 1.5 pF.

[0016] Thus, when the antenna structure is in the first operating mode, it is easier to further increase the distance between the two strong magnetic field points formed at the second radiator, which can further disperse the magnetic field and radiation hotspots at the second radiator. In addition, when the antenna structure is in the first operating mode, the third and fourth terminals are capacitively coupled, and the capacitance value between the third and fourth terminals is easy to control, which facilitates the control of the coupling strength between the third and fourth terminals.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the second tuning component further includes a first switch. The first switch is connected in series with a capacitor, one of the first switch and the capacitor is connected to a third terminal, and the other of the first switch and the capacitor is connected to a fourth terminal. When the antenna structure is in a first operating mode: the first switch is closed, one of the third and fourth terminals is connected to one end of the capacitor through the first switch, and the other of the third and fourth terminals is connected to the other end of the capacitor.

[0018] In this way, the operating mode of the antenna structure can be controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the first switch, so that the antenna can work in multiple modes.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the first tuning component further includes a second switch. The second switch is connected in series with an inductor, one of the second switch and the inductor is connected to a second terminal, and the other of the second switch and the inductor is grounded. When the antenna structure is in the first operating mode: the second switch is closed, and the second terminal is grounded through the second switch and the inductor.

[0020] In this way, the operating mode of the antenna structure can be controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the second switch, so that the antenna can work in multiple modes.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the antenna structure also has a second operating mode. In the second operating mode, the second end is an open circuit, and the first radiator is coupled to the second radiator.

[0022] Thus, when the antenna structure is in the second operating mode, the second radiator has a magnetic flux path, and the magnetic field strength on the second radiator is concentrated in one place, which can make the antenna structure have high system efficiency.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the equivalent capacitance formed between the first radiator and the second radiator is greater than or equal to 0.3 pf and less than or equal to 1.5 pf.

[0024] In this way, the coupling strength between the first radiator and the second radiator can be stronger, which is conducive to the radiation of the radio frequency signal fed into the first radiator through the second radiator. This facilitates the generation of a first resonance and a second resonance with a frequency difference greater than or equal to 100MHz and less than or equal to 400MHz on the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0025] In some possible implementations, both ends of the first radiator and the second radiator extend along a first direction, and the first radiator is spaced apart and disposed on one side of the second radiator along a second direction. The first radiator includes a coupling portion, the projection of the coupling portion along the second direction being located within the projection of the second radiator along the second direction, and the second radiator is used for coupling with the coupling portion. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0026] This facilitates the formation of an equivalent capacitance between the first radiator and the second radiator, with a capacitance value greater than or equal to 0.3 pf and less than or equal to 1.5 pf, so as to enable strong coupling between the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0027] In some possible implementations, when the antenna structure is in the first operating mode, the inductance value of the inductor is greater than or equal to 0.5nh and less than or equal to 10nh, and the first radiator and the second radiator operate in the low-frequency band.

[0028] In this way, while meeting the requirements for specific absorption rate, the strength of the low-frequency band signal radiated by the antenna structure can be increased.

[0029] In some possible implementations, when the antenna structure is in the first operating mode, the inductance value of the inductor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 6nh, and the first radiator and the second radiator operate in the mid-frequency band or the high-frequency band.

[0030] In this way, while meeting the requirements for specific absorption rate, the strength of the mid-frequency and high-frequency signals radiated by the antenna structure can be improved.

[0031] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device that includes the antenna structure described in any of the above embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 is an exploded view of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first tuning component of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first tuning component of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the first tuning component of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field on the front of the electronic device when the antenna structure shown in Figure 8 is in a working state.

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the radiation hotspots on the front of the electronic device when the antenna structure shown in Figure 8 is in a working state.

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the second tuning component of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the second tuning component of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field on the front of the electronic device when the antenna structure shown in Figure 14 is in a working state.

[0047] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the radiation hotspots on the front of the electronic device when the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 is in a working state.

[0048] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field on the back of the electronic device when the antenna structure shown in Figure 14 is in a working state.

[0049] Figure 18 shows the input reflection coefficient of the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 under a certain operating state;

[0050] Figure 19 shows the efficiency of the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 under a certain operating condition.

[0051] Figure 20 shows the efficiency of the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 under another operating condition.

[0052] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10, Housing; 20, Display screen; 30, Printed circuit board; 40, Antenna structure; 100, Middle frame; 110, Frame structure; 120, Middle plate structure; 200, Rear cover; 300, First radiator; 310, First feed position; 320, Fifth terminal; 330, Sixth terminal; 340, Coupler; 400, Second radiator; 410, First radiating branch; 411, First terminal; 412, Third terminal; 413, Second feed position; 420, Second radiating branch; 421, Second terminal; 422, Fourth terminal; 500, Third radiator; 510, Third feed position; 520, Seventh terminal; 530, Eighth terminal; 610, First tuning assembly; 611, First inductor; 6111, First sub-inductor; 6112, Second sub-inductor; 612, Second switch; 613. First capacitor; 620, Second tuning component; 621, Second capacitor; 6211, First sub-capacitor; 6212, Second sub-capacitor; 622, First switch; 630, Third tuning component; 640, Fourth tuning component; 650, Fifth tuning component; 660, Matching circuit; x, Length direction of the electronic device; y, Width direction of the electronic device; z, Thickness direction of the electronic device. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The terminology used in the implementation section of this application is only for explaining specific embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application. The implementation of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] This application provides an electronic device, which may include, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), handheld computers, walkie-talkies, netbooks, point-of-sale (POS) machines, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices, virtual reality devices, Bluetooth speakers / headphones, in-vehicle pre-installed devices, dashcams, security equipment, and other mobile or fixed terminals with antenna structures. This application uses a mobile phone as an example for illustration.

[0055] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment is suitable for using one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and future communication technologies.

[0056] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The x-direction represents the length of the electronic device, the y-direction represents the width of the electronic device, and the z-direction represents the thickness of the electronic device.

[0057] As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment of the application, the electronic device may include a housing 10 and a display screen 20. The display screen 20 is disposed on one side of the housing 10 in the height direction, and a space for mounting devices can be formed between the display screen 20 and the housing 10. The height direction of the housing 10 is the same as the thickness direction of the electronic device, the length direction of the housing 10 may be the same as the length direction of the electronic device, and the width direction of the housing 10 may be the same as the width direction of the electronic device.

[0058] For example, the housing 10 may include a middle frame 100 and a rear cover 200. The rear cover 200 covers one side of the middle frame 100 in the height direction, and the display screen 20 is disposed on the other side of the middle frame 100 in the height direction. Spaces for mounting devices can be formed between the display screen 20 and the middle frame 100, and between the rear cover 200 and the middle frame 100. The height direction of the middle frame 100 is the same as the thickness direction of the electronic device.

[0059] For example, the material forming the back cover 200 may include one or more of the following materials: metal, plastic, glass, ceramic, etc.

[0060] For example, the back cover 200 can be mounted on the middle frame 100 by means of adhesive, fastener connection, snap-fit, etc.

[0061] For example, the display screen 20 can be mounted on the middle frame 100 by means of adhesive, snap-fit, or other methods.

[0062] Figure 2 is an exploded view of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0063] As shown in Figure 2, in some possible embodiments, the middle frame 100 may include a middle plate structure 120 and a frame structure 110. The frame structure 110 is fixedly disposed on the outer edge of the middle plate structure 120 and may surround the outer perimeter of the middle plate structure 120. The back cover 200 and the display screen 20 are respectively disposed at both ends of the frame structure 110 in the height direction. Spaces for mounting devices can be formed between the back cover 200 and the middle plate structure 120, and between the display screen 20 and the middle plate structure 120. The height direction of the frame structure 110 is the same as the thickness direction of the electronic device.

[0064] For example, the material forming the border structure 110 may include one or more of the following materials: metal, ceramic, glass, plastic, etc.

[0065] For example, the material forming the frame structure 110 may include one or more of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, steel-aluminum composite material, titanium alloy, etc.

[0066] For example, the material forming the middle plate structure 120 may include one or more of the following materials: metal, plastic, etc.

[0067] For example, the material forming the middle plate structure 120 may include one or more of aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, steel-aluminum composite material, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, etc.

[0068] For example, the middle plate structure 120 and the frame structure 110 can be an integral structure or separate structures.

[0069] For example, the middle plate structure 120 and the frame structure 110 can be connected by means of snap-fit, welding, bonding, fastener connection, integral molding, etc.

[0070] In this embodiment of the application, the electronic device may also include a printed circuit board (PCB). The PCB can be used to carry devices and to electrically connect different devices. For example, the PCB can be used to carry devices such as processors and feeders, and the processors and feeders can be electrically connected through the PCB.

[0071] In some examples, the printed circuit board 30 may be positioned between the middle frame 100 and the back cover 200.

[0072] In other examples, the printed circuit board 30 may be positioned between the display screen 20 and the mid-frame 100.

[0073] In some examples, the printed circuit board 30 may include multiple metal layers, including at least one ground layer. This ground layer can be used to ground devices carried on the printed circuit board 30, or to ground other devices in the electronic device. In one embodiment, the ground layer of the printed circuit board 30 can be formed by etching metal onto the surface of any dielectric layer of the printed circuit board 30. In one embodiment, the ground layer may be located on the side of the printed circuit board 30 near the middle board structure 120. In one embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board 30 can be considered as the edge of the ground layer.

[0074] In some examples, the material forming the border structure 110 may include metal, and the border structure 110 may be used for device grounding of electronic devices.

[0075] In some examples, the material forming the middle plate structure 120 may include metal, and the middle plate structure 120 may be used for device grounding of electronic devices.

[0076] In some examples, the material forming the back cover 200 may include metal, and the back cover 200 may be used for device grounding of electronic devices.

[0077] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0078] As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment of the application, the electronic device includes an antenna structure 40. The antenna structure 40 is a device for transmitting and receiving radio waves, which can be used to radiate radio frequency signals to the outside world or receive radio frequency signals from the outside world to realize communication between the electronic device and the outside world. The radio waves are electromagnetic waves that propagate in an unbounded medium (usually free space).

[0079] In this embodiment of the application, the electronic device further includes a feed source, which is electrically connected to the antenna structure 40. The feed source is used to feed radio frequency signals into the antenna structure 40 or to receive radio frequency signals from the outside world received by the antenna structure 40.

[0080] For example, the feed source can be an RF chip or an RF module.

[0081] For example, the feed source can feed the antenna structure 40 through a feed network.

[0082] For example, the feed source may be disposed on the printed circuit board 30 and electrically connected to the printed circuit board 30.

[0083] For example, the antenna structure 40 can be electrically connected to the feed source via the printed circuit board 30. For instance, the antenna structure 40 can be electrically connected to the printed circuit board 30 via a metal spring, wire, etc., to achieve feed source electrical connection via the printed circuit board 30 to the printed circuit board 30.

[0084] When antenna structure 40 is in operation, the electromagnetic waves radiated outwards can cause radiation to the human body. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of antenna structure 40 can be used to represent the amount of radiation emitted by antenna structure 40 to the human body when it is in operation, and it is an important indicator in electromagnetic radiation safety standards. Specifically, SAR refers to the amount of electromagnetic radiation energy absorbed by a unit mass of matter per unit time. The lower the SAR value, the less radiation is absorbed by the human body when antenna structure 40 is in operation, and the less radiation emitted by antenna structure 40 to the human body. When antenna structure 40 is used, the SAR must meet the requirements.

[0085] In related technologies, antenna structures that meet the specific absorption rate requirements often radiate signals with relatively weak intensity, resulting in poor communication performance.

[0086] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first tuning component of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0087] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, based on this, in this embodiment of the application, the antenna structure 40 includes a first radiator 300, a second radiator 400, and a first tuning component 610. The first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are spaced apart. The first radiator 300 has a first feed position 310, and the first radiator 300 is electrically connected to a feed source (e.g., an RF chip) through the first feed position 310. For example, the feed source can feed the first radiator 300 through a feed network.

[0088] The second radiator 400 includes a first end 411 and a second end 421, with the first end 411 being a ground terminal. One end of the first tuning component 610 is connected to the second end 421, and the other end of the first tuning component 610 is grounded. The first tuning component 610 includes a first inductor 611, and the antenna structure 40 has a first operating mode.

[0089] When the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode: one end of the first inductor 611 is connected to the second end 421, and the other end of the first inductor 611 is grounded, so that the second end 421 is grounded through the first inductor 611. The inductance value of the first inductor 611 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10nh. The first radiator 300 is coupled to the second radiator 400. When current is fed into the first feed position 310 of the first radiator 300, the first radiator 300 generates a first resonance. The current on the first radiator 300 is fed into the second radiator 400 through coupling, and the second radiator 400 generates a second resonance. The difference between the frequencies of the first resonance and the second resonance is greater than or equal to 100MHz and less than or equal to 400MHz. The current direction on the first radiator 300 is the same as the current direction on the second radiator 400.

[0090] In this way, when the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, the first radiator 300 is the main feed structure, and the second radiator 400 is a parasitic structure of the first radiator 300. The radio frequency signal fed into the first radiator 300 can be radiated through the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400. The magnetic field generated by the antenna structure 40 is dispersed at the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400, so that the radiation hotspots of the antenna structure 40 are dispersed on the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400. In this way, the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 can be improved while meeting the specific absorption rate requirement, so as to improve the signal strength radiated by the antenna structure 40 to the outside.

[0091] Furthermore, by grounding the first end 411 and the second end 421 through a first inductor 611 with an inductance value greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10nh, the second radiator 400 can have two magnetic flow paths, forming two strong magnetic field points that are far apart at the second radiator 400. This makes the magnetic field and radiation hotspots at the second radiator 400 more dispersed, thereby further improving the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 while meeting the specific absorption rate requirements, and further enhancing the strength of the signal radiated by the antenna structure 40 to the outside.

[0092] In addition, the two different resonances formed on the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 can make the antenna structure 40 have a wider bandwidth when it is in the first working mode, and also facilitate the antenna structure 40 to achieve multi-band operation.

[0093] Furthermore, the frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is less than or equal to 400MHz, which facilitates the radiation of the radio frequency signal fed into the first radiator 300 through the second radiator 400. The frequency difference between the first resonance and the second resonance is greater than or equal to 100MHz, which reduces the radiation intensity at the second radiator 400 and helps to reduce the specific absorption rate at the second radiator 400.

[0094] In addition, the current direction on the first radiator 300 is the same as the current direction on the second radiator 400, which makes the mutual cancellation of electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 weaker, and makes the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 higher.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, "coupling" refers to the conduction of electrical energy between two conductors without contact. In other words, "coupling" refers to the conduction of electrical energy between two conductors through a gap.

[0096] The current direction on the first radiator 300 mentioned in this application is the same as the current direction on the second radiator 400. This should be understood as the direction of the main current on the first radiator 300 being the same as the direction of the main current on the second radiator 400.

[0097] A feed position is a location on the radiator used for electrical connection with a feed source, through which the feed source can feed power to the radiator.

[0098] For example, the radiation intensity at the second radiator 400 is relatively weak, and the second radiator 400 can be positioned relatively close to the human body. The radiation intensity at the first radiator 300 is relatively strong, and the first radiator 300 can be positioned relatively far away from the human body. This facilitates a stronger signal radiated to the outside by the antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode, while still meeting the specific absorptivity requirements.

[0099] For example, the first radiator 300 may include, but is not limited to, a frame antenna, a bracket antenna, a laser-direct-structuring (LDS) antenna, a microstrip disk antenna (MDA) antenna, etc.

[0100] For example, the second radiator 400 may include, but is not limited to, a frame antenna, a bracket antenna, a laser-formed antenna, a microstrip antenna, etc.

[0101] In some possible implementations, the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitor formed between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 is greater than or equal to 0.3 pf and less than or equal to 1.5 pf.

[0102] This allows for a stronger coupling between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400, which facilitates the radiation of the radio frequency signal fed into the first radiator 300 through the second radiator 400. This makes it easier to generate a first resonance and a second resonance on the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 with a frequency difference greater than or equal to 100MHz and less than or equal to 400MHz.

[0103] In some possible implementations, both ends of the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 extend along a first direction, and the first radiator 300 is spaced apart on one side of the second radiator 400 along a second direction. The first radiator 300 includes a coupling portion 340, the projection of the coupling portion 340 along the second direction being located within the projection of the second radiator 400 along the second direction, and the second radiator 400 is used for coupling with the coupling portion 340. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0104] This facilitates the formation of an equivalent capacitance between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400, with a capacitance value greater than or equal to 0.3 pf and less than or equal to 1.5 pf, so as to enable strong coupling between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400.

[0105] For example, the size of the first radiator 300 in the first direction is smaller than that of the second radiator 400 in the first direction, so as to disperse the magnetic field and radiation hotspots of the antenna structure 40.

[0106] In some examples, the first direction can be the length direction of the electronic device. For instance, the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 can be located on the side of the electronic device. For example, the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 can be located on the left or right side of the electronic device.

[0107] In other examples, the first direction can be the width direction of the electronic device. For example, the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 can be disposed at the top edge of the electronic device.

[0108] The top edge of an electronic device is the edge located at the top of the electronic device when a phone call is being made. The side edge of an electronic device is the edge that is adjacent to and connected to the top edge of the electronic device.

[0109] For example, the first radiator 300 may be located inside the second radiator 400. That is, when the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are located on the left side of the electronic device, the first radiator 300 is located on the right side of the second radiator 400. When the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are located on the right side of the electronic device, the first radiator 300 is located on the left side of the second radiator 400. When the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are located on the top side of the electronic device, the first radiator 300 is located below the second radiator 400.

[0110] In this way, the first radiator 300 can be placed at a greater distance from the human body, and the signal intensity radiated by the antenna structure 40 to the outside can be stronger while meeting the requirements of specific absorption rate.

[0111] For example, the first radiator 300 can be located on the side of the second radiator 400 away from the display screen 20. In this way, when the electronic device is in the beside head and hand (BHH) mode, the first radiator 300 is farther away from the human body, which can make the signal intensity radiated by the antenna structure 40 stronger while meeting the specific absorption rate requirements.

[0112] The head-hand modality of an electronic device refers to the state in which the electronic device is held in the hand and the display screen 20 is close to the human head. For example, the state when answering a phone call.

[0113] For example, a grounding structure is provided between the first radiator 300 and the display screen 20. For example, the grounding structure may include, but is not limited to, at least a portion of the middle plate structure 120, the grounding layer of the printed circuit board 30, etc. The grounding structure can be used to shield the electromagnetic waves generated by the first radiator 300 that propagate toward the display screen 20, which is beneficial to reduce the specific absorption rate of the antenna structure 40 when the electronic device is in head-hand mode.

[0114] In some examples where the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are located on the side of the electronic device, the second radiator 400 may be located on the top of the electronic device.

[0115] In this way, the user's hand holding the device will have less impact on the signal radiated to the outside by the second radiator 400.

[0116] In some examples where the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are located on the side of the electronic device, the first radiator 300 may be located at the top of the electronic device.

[0117] In this way, the user's hand holding the device will have less impact on the signal radiated to the outside by the second radiator 400.

[0118] In some examples where the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are located on the side of the electronic device, the first end 411 is located above the second end 421, and the first radiator 300 is located at the second end 421.

[0119] Thus, in both the left head and light hand (BHHL) mode and the right head and right hand (BHHR) mode, the first radiator 300 is relatively far from the human head, and the specific absorption rate of the antenna structure 40 is relatively low in both modes, which is beneficial to improving the signal strength radiated by the antenna structure 40 to the outside.

[0120] The left-head-hand modality refers to holding an electronic device with the left hand and the device close to the left side of the face. The right-head-hand modality refers to holding an electronic device with the right hand and the device close to the right side of the face. Head-hand modalities include both left-head-hand and right-head-hand modalities.

[0121] In some examples, the frame structure 110 includes a metal frame, metal ribs, and an insulating connector. The metal frame has gaps and is fixedly connected to the connector. Metal ribs are provided at the gaps of the metal frame and are spaced apart on the inner side of the metal frame. The metal ribs are fixedly connected to the connector and are used to strengthen the structural strength at the gaps of adjacent metal frames.

[0122] For example, the metal frame may include multiple metal segments spaced apart, with gaps between adjacent metal segments, and the metal segments are fixedly connected to a connector, which is used to fix the metal segments and metal retaining ribs of the metal frame.

[0123] For example, the connector can be an injection molded body, and the metal frame, metal ribs and connector can be integrally injection molded.

[0124] In some examples, the first radiator 300 is a metal baffle, and the metal frame includes the second radiator 400.

[0125] In this way, the relative positions of the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are fixed, the assembly error of the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 is small, and the performance of the antenna structure 40 is less affected by the assembly error of the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400. In addition, the small spacing between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 is beneficial to achieving strong coupling between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400, and is beneficial to achieving a first resonance and a second resonance with a frequency difference greater than or equal to 100MHz and less than or equal to 400MHz on the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400.

[0126] For example, the border structure 110 may include multiple metal baffles, one of which is a first radiator 300.

[0127] For example, one or more metal segments of the metal frame form a second radiator 400.

[0128] In some possible implementations, the coupling portion 340 has a dimension in the first direction that is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 8 mm.

[0129] This facilitates the formation of an equivalent capacitance between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400, with a capacitance value greater than or equal to 0.3 pf and less than or equal to 1.5 pf.

[0130] In some possible implementations, the distance between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 in the second direction is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0131] This facilitates the formation of an equivalent capacitance between the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400, with a capacitance value greater than or equal to 0.3 pf and less than or equal to 1.5 pf.

[0132] In some other possible implementations, both ends of the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 extend along a first direction, and the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 are arranged in a row along the first direction. The first radiator 300 is spaced apart on the side facing the second end 421 of the second radiator 400. That is, the second end 421 is arranged opposite to one end of the first radiator 300, and the second radiator 400 is coupled to the first radiator 300 through the second end 421.

[0133] As shown in Figure 5, in some possible embodiments, the first tuning component 610 further includes a second switch 612. The second switch 612 is connected in series with the first inductor 611. One of the second switch 612 and the first inductor 611 is connected to the second terminal 421, and the other of the second switch 612 and the first inductor 611 is grounded. In some embodiments, one end of the second switch 612 is connected to the second terminal 421, and the other end of the second switch 612 is connected to one end of the first inductor 611, with the other end of the first inductor 611 grounded. In other embodiments, one end of the first inductor 611 is connected to the second terminal 421, and the other end of the first inductor 611 is connected to one end of the second switch 612, with the other end of the second switch 612 grounded.

[0134] When the antenna structure 40 is in the first working mode: the second switch 612 is closed, and the second terminal 421 is grounded through the second switch 612 and the first inductor 611.

[0135] In this way, the operating mode of the antenna structure 40 can be controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the second switch 612, so that the antenna can work in multiple modes.

[0136] In some possible implementations, the antenna structure 40 also has a second operating mode. When the antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode: the second end 421 is an open circuit end, the first radiator 300 is coupled to the second radiator 400, and when current is fed into the first feed position 310 of the first radiator 300, the current on the first radiator 300 is fed into the second radiator 400 through coupling. At this time, the first radiator 300 is the main feed structure, and the second radiator 400 is a parasitic structure of the first radiator 300.

[0137] Thus, when the antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the second radiator 400 has a magnetic flux path, and the magnetic field strength on the second radiator 400 is concentrated in one place, which can make the antenna structure 40 have higher system efficiency.

[0138] For example, when the antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 can operate in the intermediate frequency band or the high frequency band.

[0139] In some examples, when the antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the second switch 612 is turned off to switch the second terminal 421 to an open circuit.

[0140] When antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the equivalent capacitance between the second terminal 421 and ground can be greater than or equal to 0.3 pF and less than or equal to 1.5 pF. For example, the equivalent capacitance between the second terminal 421 and ground can be 1 pF.

[0141] When the antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the resonance generated by the first radiator 300 has a different frequency than the resonance generated by the second radiator 400, which makes the bandwidth of the antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode wider and also helps the antenna structure 40 to achieve multi-band operation.

[0142] When the antenna structure 40 is close to the human body, the antenna structure 40 can operate in the first working mode to make the specific absorption rate of the antenna structure 40 lower.

[0143] When the antenna structure 40 is far from the human body, the radiation emitted by the antenna structure 40 to the human body is weak. The antenna structure 40 can operate in a second working mode to make the antenna structure 40 have higher system efficiency.

[0144] For example, the first inductor 611 is an inductor with an adjustable inductance value. The inductance value of the first inductor 611 can be adjusted according to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 40 to tune the antenna structure 40 so that the antenna structure 40 can operate in a variety of different operating frequency bands.

[0145] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the first tuning component of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0146] As shown in Figure 6, in some examples, the first inductor 611 includes a first sub-inductor 6111 and a second sub-inductor 6112 connected in parallel. The second switch 612 can be a single-pole multi-throw switch. One end of the first sub-inductor 6111 and one end of the second sub-inductor 6112 are respectively connected to different stationary terminals of the second switch 612. The other ends of the first sub-inductor 6111 and the second sub-inductor 6112 are connected to one of the second terminal 421 and ground. The moving terminal of the second switch 612 is connected to the other of the second terminal 421 and ground. For example, the other ends of the first sub-inductor 6111 and the second sub-inductor 6112 are grounded, and the moving terminal of the second switch 612 is connected to the second terminal 421; or, the other ends of the first sub-inductor 6111 and the second sub-inductor 6112 are connected to the second terminal 421, and the moving terminal of the second switch 612 is grounded. The inductance value of the first sub-inductor 6111 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10nH.

[0147] When the antenna structure 40 is in the first working mode, the moving end of the second switch 612 is connected to the stationary end of the first sub-inductor 6111, and the second end 421 can be grounded through the second switch 612 and the first sub-inductor 6111.

[0148] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the first tuning component of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0149] As shown in Figure 7, in some examples, the first tuning component 610 may further include a first capacitor 613, a first inductor 611 connected in parallel with the first capacitor 613, and a second switch 612 that is a single-pole multi-throw switch. One end of the first inductor 611 and one end of the first capacitor 613 are respectively connected to different stationary terminals of the second switch 612. The other ends of the first inductor 611 and the first capacitor 613 are connected to one of the second terminal 421 and ground. The moving terminal of the second switch 612 is connected to the other of the second terminal 421 and ground. For example, the other ends of the first inductor 611 and the first capacitor 613 are grounded, and the moving terminal of the second switch 612 is connected to the second terminal 421; or, the other ends of the first inductor 611 and the first capacitor 613 are connected to the second terminal 421, and the moving terminal of the second switch 612 is grounded.

[0150] This makes it easier to control the equivalent capacitance between the second terminal 421 and ground when the second terminal 421 is an open circuit terminal.

[0151] When the antenna structure 40 is in the second working mode, the moving end of the second switch 612 is connected to the stationary end of the first capacitor 613 to switch the second terminal 421 to an open circuit. One end of the first capacitor 613 is grounded and the other end is connected to the second terminal 421.

[0152] The first capacitor 613 can be either a lumped capacitor or a distributed capacitor.

[0153] For example, when the antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the capacitance value of the first capacitor 613 can be greater than or equal to 0.3pF and less than or equal to 1.5pF. For instance, when the antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the capacitance value of the first capacitor 613 can be 0.3pF, 0.5pF, or 1pF.

[0154] For example, the first capacitor 613 is an adjustable capacitor, and the capacitance value of the first capacitor 613 can be adjusted according to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 40 to tune the antenna structure 40 so that the antenna structure 40 can operate in a variety of different operating frequency bands.

[0155] As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment of the application, the first radiator 300 includes a fifth end 320 and a sixth end 330.

[0156] In some examples, both terminal 320 (the fifth terminal) and terminal 330 (the sixth terminal) are open circuit terminals.

[0157] When both the fifth terminal 320 and the sixth terminal 330 are open terminals, the first radiator 300 can operate in half-wavelength mode.

[0158] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0159] As shown in Figure 8, in some other examples, the fifth terminal 320 is the ground terminal and the sixth terminal 330 is the open circuit terminal.

[0160] This allows the first radiator 300 to be shorter in length and occupy less space.

[0161] When the fifth terminal 320 is grounded and the sixth terminal 330 is open, the first radiator 300 can operate in quarter-wavelength mode.

[0162] In some examples where the fifth terminal 320 is a ground terminal and the sixth terminal 330 is an open circuit terminal, the first power supply position 310 can be close to the sixth terminal 330.

[0163] In some examples where the fifth terminal 320 is a ground terminal and the sixth terminal 330 is an open-circuit terminal, the ratio of the distance between the fifth terminal 320 and the first terminal 411 in the first direction to the length of the first radiator 300 is greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5.

[0164] In this way, the magnetic field and radiation hotspots of the antenna structure 40 can be more dispersed, which can improve the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 while meeting the requirements of specific absorption rate.

[0165] For example, the distance between the fifth end 320 and the first end 411 in the first direction is greater than the distance between the sixth end 330 and the first end 411 in the first direction.

[0166] In some examples where the fifth terminal 320 is a ground terminal and the sixth terminal 330 is an open circuit terminal, the electrical length between the fifth terminal 320 and the first terminal 411 is greater than half the wavelength of the first resonance.

[0167] In this way, the magnetic field and radiation hotspots of the antenna structure 40 can be more dispersed, which can improve the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 while meeting the requirements of specific absorption rate.

[0168] In some examples, the electrical length of the second radiator 400 is greater than three-quarters of the wavelength of the first resonance.

[0169] In this way, the magnetic field and radiation hotspots of the antenna structure 40 can be more dispersed, which can improve the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 while meeting the requirements of specific absorption rate.

[0170] In some possible implementations, when the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, the inductance value of the first inductor 611 is greater than or equal to 0.5nh and less than or equal to 10nh, and the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 operate in the low-frequency band.

[0171] In this way, while meeting the specific absorptivity requirements, the strength of the low-frequency band signal radiated by the antenna structure 40 can be increased. For example, while meeting the specific absorptivity requirements at the user's torso, the strength of the signal radiated by the antenna when the user is carrying electronic devices can be increased.

[0172] The antenna structure 40 shown in Figure 8, after normalizing the specific absorption rate to 1.3 W / kg, shows that when the electronic device is in head-and-hand mode, the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40, which is in the first operating mode and operating in the low-frequency band, can be improved by about 0.5 dB compared to the system efficiency of the frame antenna.

[0173] For example, the low frequency band is a frequency band with a frequency greater than or equal to 700MHz and less than or equal to 960MHz, the mid frequency band is a frequency band with a frequency greater than or equal to 1710MHz and less than or equal to 2170MHz, the high frequency band is a frequency band with a frequency greater than or equal to 2300MHz and less than or equal to 2700MHz, and the ultra-high frequency band is a frequency band with a frequency greater than or equal to 3000MHz.

[0174] In some possible implementations, when the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, the inductance value of the first inductor 611 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 6nh, and the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 operate in the mid-frequency band or the high-frequency band.

[0175] In this way, the signal strength of the mid-frequency and high-frequency bands radiated by the antenna structure 40 can be improved while meeting the specific absorption rate requirements.

[0176] For example, when the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, the inductance value of the first inductor 611 is greater than 1nh and less than or equal to 5nh, and the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 operate in the mid-frequency band or the high-frequency band.

[0177] In some examples, the second radiator 400 is a single-piece structure.

[0178] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field on the front of the electronic device with the antenna structure shown in Figure 8 in one operating state, and Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the radiating hotspots on the front of the electronic device with the antenna structure shown in Figure 8 in one operating state. The front of the electronic device is the surface on the side where the display screen 20 of the electronic device is located, and the back of the electronic device is the surface on the side where the back cover 200 of the electronic device is located. The front and back of the electronic device are located on both sides in the thickness direction of the electronic device. In Figures 9 and 10, the second radiator 400 is an integral structure, the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, the second end 421 is grounded through the first inductor 611 with an inductance value of 3nh, and the antenna structure 40 operates in the LTE B3 frequency band. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, there are two strong magnetic field points at the second radiator 400 on the front of the electronic device. The magnetic field and radiating hotspots at the second radiator 400 are relatively dispersed. After the specific absorption rate of the head-hand mode (fitted) is normalized to 1.3w / kg, compared with the scheme where both ends of the second radiator 400 are open, the transmit power of the antenna structure 40 can be increased by about 1dBm.

[0179] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0180] As shown in Figure 11, in some possible embodiments, the second radiator 400 includes a first radiating stub 410 and a second radiating stub 420. The first radiating stub 410 includes a first end 411 and a third end 412, and the second radiating stub 420 includes a second end 421 and a fourth end 422. The third end 412 and the fourth end 422 are disposed opposite to each other, forming a first gap between the third end 412 and the fourth end 422. When the antenna structure 40 is in a first operating mode: the first radiator 300 is coupled to the second radiating stub 420, and the third end 412 is coupled to the fourth end 422.

[0181] In this way, when the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, the first radiating stub 410 can couple with the second radiating stub 420, which facilitates increasing the distance between the two strong magnetic field points formed at the second radiator 400. This further disperses the magnetic field and radiating hotspots at the second radiator 400, thereby improving the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 while meeting the specific absorptivity requirements, and further enhancing the signal strength radiated by the antenna structure 40 to the outside. Furthermore, it also facilitates the placement of tuning components on both sides of the first slot, allowing the second radiator 400 to operate in multiple operating modes and multiple frequency bands.

[0182] For example, both ends of the first radiating branch 410 and the second radiating branch 420 extend along a first direction, and the first radiating branch 410 and the second radiating branch 420 are arranged in a row along the first direction.

[0183] For example, the first radiating branch 410 and the second radiating branch 420 are located on the side of the electronic device. The distance between the first radiating branch 410 and the bottom edge of the electronic device is greater than the distance between the second radiating branch 420 and the bottom edge of the electronic device. That is, the second radiating branch 420 is located between the first radiating branch 410 and the bottom edge of the electronic device.

[0184] The bottom edge of an electronic device is the edge opposite to the top edge. In other words, when an electronic device is answering a call, its bottom edge is located at the bottom of the device, and the two ends of its side edge are connected to the top edge and the bottom edge, respectively.

[0185] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the second tuning component of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0186] As shown in Figure 12 and referring to Figure 11, in some possible embodiments, the antenna structure 40 further includes a second tuning component 620. One end of the second tuning component 620 is connected to the third end 412, and the other end of the second tuning component 620 is connected to the fourth end 422. The second tuning component 620 includes a second capacitor 621.

[0187] When the antenna structure 40 is in the first working mode: the two ends of the second capacitor 621 are connected to the third end 412 and the fourth end 422 respectively. The third end 412 and the fourth end 422 are coupled through the second capacitor 621. The capacitance value of the second capacitor 621 is greater than or equal to 0.3pF and less than or equal to 1.5pF.

[0188] In this way, when the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, it is easier to further increase the distance between the two strong magnetic field points formed at the second radiator 400, which can further disperse the magnetic field and radiation hotspots at the second radiator 400. Furthermore, when the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, the third end 412 and the fourth end 422 are coupled through the second capacitor 621. The capacitance value between the third end 412 and the fourth end 422 is easy to control, facilitating the control of the coupling strength between the third end 412 and the fourth end 422.

[0189] The second capacitor 621 can be either a lumped capacitor or a distributed capacitor.

[0190] In some possible implementations, the second tuning assembly 620 further includes a first switch 622. The first switch 622 is connected in series with the second capacitor 621, one of the first switch 622 and the second capacitor 621 is connected to a third terminal 412, and the other of the first switch 622 and the second capacitor 621 is connected to a fourth terminal 422.

[0191] When the antenna structure 40 is in the first working mode: the first switch 622 is closed, one of the third terminal 412 and the fourth terminal 422 is connected to one end of the second capacitor 621 through the first switch 622, and the other of the third terminal 412 and the fourth terminal 422 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor 621.

[0192] In this way, the operating mode of the antenna structure 40 can be controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the first switch 622, so that the antenna can work in multiple modes.

[0193] In some embodiments, one end of the first switch 622 is connected to the third end 412, the other end of the first switch 622 is connected to one end of the second capacitor 621, and the other end of the second capacitor 621 is connected to the fourth end 422. When the antenna structure 40 is in the first working mode, the third end 412 is connected to one end of the second capacitor 621 through the first switch 622, and the other end of the second capacitor 621 is connected to the fourth end 422.

[0194] In some other embodiments, one end of the second capacitor 621 is connected to the third end 412, and the other end of the second capacitor 621 is connected to one end of the first switch 622. The other end of the first switch 622 is connected to the fourth end 422. When the antenna structure 40 is in the first working mode, one end of the second capacitor 621 is connected to the third end 412, and the other end of the second capacitor 621 is connected to the fourth end 422 through the first switch 622.

[0195] In some examples, when the antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the first switch 622 is open.

[0196] For example, the capacitance formed by the third terminal 412 and the fourth terminal 422 through the first gap is smaller than the second capacitance 621.

[0197] For example, the second capacitor 621 is an adjustable capacitor. The capacitance value of the second capacitor 621 can be adjusted according to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 40 to tune the antenna structure 40, so that the antenna structure 40 can operate in a variety of different operating frequency bands.

[0198] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the second tuning component of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0199] As shown in Figure 13, in some examples, the second capacitor 621 includes a first sub-capacitor 6211 and a second sub-capacitor 6212 connected in parallel. The first switch 622 can be a single-pole multi-throw switch. One end of the first sub-capacitor 6211 and one end of the second sub-capacitor 6212 are respectively connected to different stationary terminals of the first switch 622. The other ends of the first sub-capacitor 6211 and the second sub-capacitor 6212 are connected to one of the third terminal 412 and the fourth terminal 422. The moving terminal of the first switch 622 is connected to the other of the third terminal 412 and the fourth terminal 422. For example, the other ends of the first sub-capacitor 6211 and the second sub-capacitor 6212 are connected to the third terminal 412, and the moving terminal of the second switch 612 is connected to the fourth terminal 422; or, the other ends of the first sub-inductor 6111 and the second sub-inductor 6112 are connected to the fourth terminal 422, and the moving terminal of the second switch 612 is connected to the third terminal 412. The capacitance value of the first sub-capacitor 6211 is greater than 0.3pF and less than or equal to 1.5pF.

[0200] When the antenna structure 40 is in the first working mode, the moving end of the first switch 622 is connected to the stationary end of the first sub-capacitor 6211, so that the two ends of the first sub-capacitor 6211 are connected to the third end 412 and the fourth end 422 respectively, and the third end 412 and the fourth end 422 are coupled through the first sub-capacitor 6211.

[0201] For example, the second sub-capacitor 6212 is larger than the first sub-capacitor 6211.

[0202] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0203] As shown in Figure 14, in some examples where the second radiator 400 includes a first radiating stub 410 and a second radiating stub 420, the antenna structure 40 also includes a third tuning component 630, one end of which is connected to a fourth end 422, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0204] This facilitates the tuning of the second radiator 400, enabling it to operate in multiple modes and frequency bands.

[0205] The third tuning component 630 includes one or more of the following devices: switches, capacitors, inductors, and resistors.

[0206] When the antenna is in the first operating mode, the third tuning component 630 disconnects the fourth terminal 422 from the ground, making the fourth terminal 422 an open circuit terminal.

[0207] In some examples, the third tuning component 630 includes a third switch, one end of which is connected to the fourth terminal 422, and the other end of which is grounded. The third switch is open when the antenna is in the first operating mode.

[0208] In some examples, the third tuning component 630 also includes a third capacitor connected in series with a third switch, one of the third capacitor and the third switch being connected to the fourth terminal 422, and the other of the third capacitor and the third switch being grounded.

[0209] When the antenna is in the second operating mode, the third switch is closed, one end of the third capacitor is connected to one of the fourth terminal 422 and ground through the third switch, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the other of the fourth terminal 422 and ground. The capacitance value of the third capacitor is greater than or equal to 0.3pF and less than or equal to 1.5pF.

[0210] The third capacitor can be either a lumped capacitor or a distributed capacitor.

[0211] In some examples, the third tuning component 630 also includes a first bypass wire. The third switch can be a single-pole multi-throw switch. The first bypass wire is connected in parallel with a third capacitor. One end of the third capacitor and one end of the first bypass wire are respectively connected to different stationary terminals of the third switch. The other end of the third capacitor and the other end of the first bypass wire are connected to one of the fourth terminal 422 and ground. The moving terminal of the third switch is connected to the other of the fourth terminal 422 and ground. When the third switch connects the fourth terminal 422 to the first bypass wire, the fourth terminal 422 is grounded through the first bypass wire.

[0212] In some examples, antenna structure 40 further includes a matching circuit 660, one end of which is connected to the second radiating stub 420, and the other end of which is grounded. The matching circuit 660 is connected to the second radiating stub 420 between the second terminal 421 and the fourth terminal 422. The second radiating stub 420 includes a first portion located between the location where the matching circuit 660 is connected to the second radiating stub 420 and the fourth terminal 422, and a second portion located between the location where the matching circuit 660 is connected to the second terminal 421. The matching circuit 660 is used to allow signals in the ultra-high frequency band to pass through and to block signals in the low frequency band, mid frequency band, and high frequency band.

[0213] For example, the matching circuit 660 may include one or more of the following devices: capacitor, inductor, resistor, etc.

[0214] For example, the matching circuit 660 can be a resonant circuit.

[0215] In some possible implementations, the first radiating branch 410 of the second radiator 400 has a second feed position 413, and the first radiating branch 410 is electrically connected to a feed source (e.g., an RF chip) through the second feed position 413. For example, the feed source can feed the first radiating branch 410 through a feed network.

[0216] The antenna structure 40 also has a third operating mode. When the antenna structure 40 is in the third operating mode: the third end 412 is an open circuit end, the fourth end 422 is a ground end, the second end 421 is an open circuit end, the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 operate in the ultra-high frequency band, the second part of the second radiating branch 420 is coupled to the first radiator 300, and the first part of the second radiating branch 420 is coupled to the first radiating branch 410. When current is fed into the first feed position 310 of the first radiator 300 and the second feed position 413 of the first radiating branch 410 respectively, the current on the first radiator 300 is fed into the second part of the second radiating branch 420 through coupling, and the current on the first radiating branch 410 is fed into the first part of the second radiating branch 420 through coupling.

[0217] In this way, when the antenna structure 40 is in the third operating mode, two radio frequency signals can be fed into the first feed position 310 and the second feed position 413 respectively for radiation.

[0218] The radio frequency (RF) signal fed in from the first feed position 310 can be radiated using the first radiator 300 and the second part, and can return to ground through the matching circuit 660. The RF signal fed in from the second feed position 413 can be radiated using the first radiating branch 410 and the first part, and can return to ground through the matching circuit 660.

[0219] For example, when the antenna structure 40 is in the third operating mode, the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 can operate in the N78 frequency band, that is, two N78 frequency band radio frequency signals can be fed into the first feed position 310 and the second feed position 413 respectively.

[0220] For example, when the antenna structure 40 is in the third operating mode, the third switch connects the fourth terminal 422 to the first bypass wire to switch the fourth terminal 422 to the ground terminal. The moving terminal of the second switch 612 connects to the stationary terminal connected to the first capacitor 613 to switch the second terminal 421 to the open circuit terminal. One end of the first capacitor 613 is grounded and the other end is connected to the second terminal 421. The capacitance value of the first capacitor 613 can be greater than or equal to 0.3pF and less than or equal to 1.5pF.

[0221] For example, when the antenna structure 40 is in the third operating mode, the capacitance value of the first capacitor 613 can be 0.3pF, 0.5pF, or 1pF.

[0222] For example, the second power supply location 413 may be close to the third end 412.

[0223] In some examples, the antenna structure 40 also includes a fourth tuning component 640, one end of which is connected to the first radiator 300, and the other end of which is grounded. This facilitates tuning of the first radiator 300, enabling it to operate in multiple modes and frequency bands.

[0224] In some examples where both ends of the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 extend along a first direction, and the first radiator 300 is spaced apart on one side of the second radiator 400 along a second direction, the antenna structure 40 further includes a third radiator 500. The two ends of the third radiator 500 extend along the first direction, and the second radiator 400 and the third radiator 500 are arranged in a row along the first direction, with the third radiator 500 spaced apart on the side facing the second end 421. The third radiator 500 includes a seventh end 520 and an eighth end 530. The seventh end 520 is positioned opposite the second end 421, forming a second gap between them. The eighth end 530 is a grounding end.

[0225] In some examples where the second radiator 400 includes a first radiating branch 410 and a second radiating branch 420, the first radiating branch 410, the second radiating branch 420 and the third radiator 500 are arranged in a row along a first direction, with the second radiating branch 420 located between the first radiating branch 410 and the third radiator 500.

[0226] For example, the metal frame includes a third radiator 500. For instance, a metal segment at one end of the metal frame forms the third radiator 500.

[0227] In some examples, the antenna structure 40 also includes a fifth tuning component 650, one end of which is connected to the third radiator 500, and the other end of which is grounded. The fifth tuning component 650 includes a second bypass wire, one end of which is connected to the third radiator 500 and the other end of which is grounded when the antenna structure 40 is in the first, second, and third operating modes.

[0228] For example, the fifth tuning component 650 is connected to the third radiator 500 near the seventh end 520.

[0229] The fifth tuning assembly 650 also includes a fourth switch and a third inductor. The third inductor is connected in parallel with the second bypass wire. The fourth switch can be a single-pole multi-throw switch. One end of the third inductor and one end of the second bypass wire are respectively connected to different stationary terminals of the fourth switch. The other end of the third inductor and the other end of the second bypass wire are connected to one of the third radiator 500 and ground. The moving terminal of the fourth switch is connected to the other of the third radiator 500 and ground.

[0230] The third radiator 500 has a third feed position 510, and the third radiator 500 is electrically connected to a feed source (e.g., an RF chip) through the third feed position 510. For example, the feed source can feed the third radiator 500 through a feed network.

[0231] The antenna structure 40 also includes a fourth operating mode. When the antenna structure 40 is in the fourth operating mode: the moving end of the fourth switch is connected to the stationary end of the fourth switch connected to the third inductor, the second end 421 is an open circuit end, the fourth end 422 is an open circuit end, the moving end of the first switch 622 is connected to the stationary end connected to the second sub-capacitor 6212, so that the two ends of the second sub-capacitor 6212 are connected to the third end 412 and the fourth end 422 respectively. The third end 412 and the fourth end 422 are coupled through the second sub-capacitor 6212. The antenna structure 40 operates in the low frequency band. When current is fed into the third feed position 510 of the third radiator 500, the current on the third radiator 500 is fed into the second radiator 400 through coupling. For example, the current on the third radiator 500 can be fed into the second radiating stub 420 through coupling. The resonant frequency generated on the third radiator 500 is different from the resonant frequency generated on the second radiator 400.

[0232] Thus, when the antenna is in the fourth operating mode, the third radiator 500 is the master feed structure, and the second radiator 400 is a parasitic structure of the third radiator 500. The radio frequency signal fed into the third radiator 500 can be radiated through the third radiator 500 and the second radiator 400. In addition, the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 can generate resonances at different frequencies, resulting in a wider bandwidth when the antenna structure 40 is in the fourth operating mode, which also facilitates the multi-band operation of the antenna structure 40.

[0233] For example, the capacitance value of the second sub-capacitor 6212 is greater than or equal to 10pF.

[0234] In some examples, when antenna structure 40 is in the fourth operating mode, the third switch is turned off to switch the fourth terminal 422 to an open circuit, and the second switch 612 is turned off to switch the second terminal 421 to an open circuit.

[0235] In some possible implementations, the electronic device further includes a detection module for detecting the mode of the electronic device. The modes of the electronic device include a head-hand mode and a hand mode. When the electronic device is in the head-hand mode, the antenna structure 40 can be controlled to operate in a first operating mode. When the electronic device is in the hand mode, the antenna structure 40 can be controlled to operate in a second operating mode.

[0236] The term "electronic device in hand mode" refers to the state in which an electronic device is held in the hand and is far away from the human head.

[0237] For example, the detection module may include one or more of Hall sensors, infrared sensors, etc.

[0238] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field on the front of the electronic device when the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 is in one operating state, and Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the radiating hotspot on the front of the electronic device when the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 is in one operating state. In Figures 15 and 16, the second radiator 400 includes a first radiating branch 410 and a second radiating branch 420. The antenna structure 40 is in a first operating mode. The third end 412 and the fourth end 422 are coupled through a second capacitor 621 with a capacitance of 1.2pF. The second end 421 is grounded through a first inductor 611 with an inductance of 2nh. The antenna structure 40 operates in the LTE B3 band. As shown in Figures 15 and 16, on the front of the electronic device, there is a large gap between the two strong magnetic field points at the second radiator 400. The magnetic field and radiation hotspots at the second radiator 400 are relatively dispersed. After the normalized ratio absorptivity of the head-hand mode in contact with the human head reaches 1.3 W / kg, compared with the scheme where the second radiator 400 is an integral structure, the transmit power of the antenna structure 40 can be increased by about 1.5 dBm.

[0239] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field on the back of the electronic device with the antenna structure shown in Figure 14 in one operating state. In Figure 17, the first radiator 300 is located inside the second radiator 400, and the first radiator 300 is located on the side of the second radiator 400 away from the display screen 20. The antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode. As shown in Figure 17, two strong magnetic field points are formed at the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400 on the back of the electronic device. The magnetic field of the antenna structure 40 is dispersed at the first radiator 300 and the second radiator 400. The strong magnetic field point at the bottom of Figure 17 is located at the first radiator 300, and the strong magnetic field point at the top of Figure 17 is located at the second radiator 400. The strength of the magnetic field at the first radiator 300 is greater than the strength of the magnetic field at the second radiator 400. When the electronic device is in head-and-hand mode, the magnetic field at the second radiator 400, which is closer to the human head, is weaker.

[0240] Figure 18 shows the input reflection coefficient (S11) of the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 in one operating state. In Figure 18, the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode and operates in the LTE B3 band.

[0241] As shown in Figure 18, when the antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, it can form two resonances with a frequency difference greater than or equal to 100MHz and less than or equal to 400MHz, and the antenna structure 40 has a wide bandwidth.

[0242] Figure 19 shows the efficiency of the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 under one operating state. In Figure 19, antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, operating in the LTE B3 band. When antenna structure 40 is in the first operating mode, the third terminal 412 and the fourth terminal 422 are coupled through a second capacitor 621 with a capacitance of 0.85pF, and the second terminal 421 is grounded through a first inductor 611 with an inductance of 2nH. L1 represents the system efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode when the electronic device is in the right-handed mode. L2 represents the radiation efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode when the electronic device is in the right-handed mode. L3 represents the system efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode when the electronic device is in the left-handed mode. L4 represents the radiation efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode when the electronic device is in the left-handed mode. L5 represents the system efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode when the electronic device is in the free space (FS) mode. L6 represents the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 40 in its first operating mode when the electronic device is in free space mode.

[0243] Among them, the system efficiency and radiation efficiency of the antenna structure 40 are values ​​that measure the radiation capability of the antenna structure 40 and can be used to characterize the efficiency of the antenna structure 40. System efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna structure 40 into space (i.e., the power that effectively converts the electromagnetic wave portion) to the input power of the antenna structure 40. Radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna structure 40 into space (i.e., the power that effectively converts the electromagnetic wave portion) to the active power input to the antenna structure 40.

[0244] The free space mode of an electronic device refers to the state in which no object is near the electronic device, and the free space state is usually realized in the laboratory.

[0245] Table 1

[0246] Table 1 shows the specific absorption rate of the antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode. As can be seen from Table 1, after normalizing the efficiency to -5dB, the specific absorption rate of the antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode is low in the head-hand mode.

[0247] Figure 20 shows the efficiency of the antenna structure provided in Figure 14 in another operating state. In Figure 20, antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, operating in the LTE B3 band. When antenna structure 40 is in the second operating mode, the equivalent capacitance between the third terminal 412 and the fourth terminal 422 is 0.2 pF. L7 represents the system efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode when the electronic device is in right-handed mode. L8 represents the radiation efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode when the electronic device is in right-handed mode. L9 represents the system efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode when the electronic device is in left-handed mode. L10 represents the radiation efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode when the electronic device is in left-handed mode. L11 represents the system efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode when the electronic device is in free-space mode. L12 represents the radiation efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode when the electronic device is in free-space mode.

[0248] The right-handed modality of an electronic device refers to holding the device in the right hand and keeping it away from the head. The left-handed modality of an electronic device refers to holding the device in the left hand and keeping it away from the head. Hand modality includes both left-handed and right-handed modalities.

[0249] As shown in Figure 20 and referring to Figure 19, the system efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode is higher than that of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode, and the radiation efficiency of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode is higher than that of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode.

[0250] Table 2

[0251] Table 2 shows the transmit power of antenna structure 40 when it is in the first operating mode, after normalizing the specific absorptivity of the head-hand mode (bonded) to 1.3 W / kg. As can be seen from Table 2, after normalizing the specific absorptivity of the head-hand mode (bonded) to 1.3 W / kg, the transmit power of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode is relatively high in the B1, B3, and B7 bands.

[0252] Table 3

[0253] Table 3 shows the transmit power of antenna structure 40 after normalizing the specific absorption rate to 1.3 W / kg when antenna structure 40 operates in the LTE B3 band. When the electronic device is in head-and-hand mode, the transmit power of antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode is 14.1 dBm, indicating high transmit power. When the electronic device is in hand mode, the transmit power of antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode is 20.4 dBm, suggesting further potential for increased transmit power.

[0254] The antenna structure 40 shown in Figure 14, after normalizing the specific absorption rate to 1.3 W / kg, demonstrates the following improvements: When the electronic device is in head-and-hand mode, the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 in the first operating mode, operating in the mid-frequency or high-frequency band, is 2–3 dB higher than that of the frame antenna. When the electronic device is in free-space mode and hand mode, the system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 in the second operating mode, operating in the mid-frequency or high-frequency band, is approximately 0.7 dB higher than that of the frame antenna. The system efficiency of the antenna structure 40 in the fourth operating mode is approximately 0.9 dB higher than that of the frame antenna, and the bandwidth of the antenna structure 40 in the fourth operating mode is approximately 66% higher than that of the frame antenna.

[0255] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0256] The devices or elements referred to in the embodiments of this application or implied herein must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0257] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0258] The term "multiple" in this article refers to two or more. The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects; in formulas, the character " / " indicates a "division" relationship between the preceding and following related objects.

[0259] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0260] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, Includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a first tuning component; The first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart. The first radiator is used to be electrically connected to the feed source. The second radiator includes a first end and a second end. The first end is a ground end. One end of the first tuning component is connected to the second end, and the other end of the first tuning component is grounded. The first tuning component includes an inductor, and the antenna structure has a first operating mode. When the antenna structure is in the first operating mode: one end of the inductor is connected to the second end, and the other end of the inductor is grounded, so that the second end is grounded through the inductor. The inductance value of the inductor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10nh. The first radiator is used to generate a first resonance. The first radiator is coupled to the second radiator. The second radiator is used to generate a second resonance. The difference between the frequencies of the first resonance and the second resonance is greater than or equal to 100MHz and less than or equal to 400MHz. The current direction on the first radiator is the same as the current direction on the second radiator.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second radiator includes a first radiating branch and a second radiating branch; The first radiating branch includes a first end and a third end, the second radiating branch includes a second end and a fourth end, the third end and the fourth end are disposed opposite to each other, and a gap is formed between the third end and the fourth end; When the antenna structure is in the first operating mode: the first radiator is coupled to the second radiating stub, and the third end is coupled to the fourth end.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a second tuning component; One end of the second tuning component is connected to the third end, and the other end of the second tuning component is connected to the fourth end, wherein the second tuning component includes a capacitor; When the antenna structure is in the first working mode: the two ends of the capacitor are respectively connected to the third end and the fourth end, the third end and the fourth end are coupled through the capacitor, and the capacitance value of the capacitor is greater than or equal to 0.3pF and less than or equal to 1.5pF.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second tuning component also includes a first switch; The first switch is connected in series with the capacitor, one of the first switch and the capacitor is connected to the third terminal, and the other of the first switch and the capacitor is connected to the fourth terminal; When the antenna structure is in the first working mode: the first switch is closed, one of the third terminal and the fourth terminal is connected to one end of the capacitor through the first switch, and the other of the third terminal and the fourth terminal is connected to the other end of the capacitor.

5. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first tuning component also includes a second switch; The second switch is connected in series with the inductor, one of the second switch and the inductor is connected to the second terminal, and the other of the second switch and the inductor is grounded; When the antenna structure is in the first working mode: the second switch is closed, and the second terminal is grounded through the second switch and the inductor.

6. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The antenna structure also has a second operating mode; When the antenna structure is in the second operating mode: the second end is an open circuit end, and the first radiator is coupled to the second radiator.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Both ends of the first radiator and the second radiator extend along a first direction, and the first radiator is spaced apart and disposed on one side of the second radiator in a second direction; The first radiator includes a coupling portion, the projection of the coupling portion along the second direction is located within the projection of the second radiator along the second direction, and the second radiator is used to couple with the coupling portion; Wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The equivalent capacitance formed between the first radiator and the second radiator is greater than or equal to 0.3 pf and less than or equal to 1.5 pf.

9. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, When the antenna structure is in the first operating mode, the inductance value of the inductor is greater than or equal to 0.5nh and less than or equal to 10nh, and the first radiator and the second radiator operate in the low frequency band. or, When the antenna structure is in the first operating mode, the inductance value of the inductor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 6nh, and the first radiator and the second radiator operate in the mid-frequency band or the high-frequency band.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including the antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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