Antenna and terminal device

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna and terminal equipment, the antenna comprises a first radiator and at least one second radiator, and the first radiator generates a first resonant frequency; each of the at least one second radiator and the first radiator are arranged in an outer shell and are coupled in a suspended manner to form resonance, the at least one second radiator and the first radiator resonate to generate at least one second resonant frequency, and the second resonant frequency is different from the first resonant frequency. According to the embodiment of the invention, the second radiating body which is suspended relative to the first radiating body is adopted, so that the structural complexity of the first radiating body can be reduced, and the processing difficulty of the first radiating body is reduced; the first radiating body generates the first resonant frequency, and the second radiating body and the first radiating body generate the second resonant frequency, so that multiple functions of the antenna can be conveniently realized, the antenna performance is improved, and the application range is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna and terminal device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most mainstream walkie-talkies have narrowband voice communication and single-frequency GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning functions. However, with the development of dual-frequency GPS or dual-frequency BeiDou, the requirements for external antennas are gradually increasing. In some technologies, to improve antenna performance, stubs are usually added to the main frequency antenna to achieve GPS functionality. This results in high antenna structural complexity and increases the manufacturing requirements for the antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an antenna and terminal device, which aims to improve the problems of high structural complexity and high process requirements of multifunctional antennas.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, one technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide an antenna, comprising:

[0005] A first radiator, the first radiator generating a first resonant frequency; and

[0006] At least one second radiator, each of the at least one second radiator being internally and externally coupled to the first radiator to form a resonance, the at least one second radiator resonating with the first radiator to generate at least one second resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency being different from the first resonant frequency.

[0007] This application also provides an example of a terminal device, including:

[0008] The main body; and

[0009] As described above, the antenna is connected to the main body.

[0010] In this application example, by using a second radiator that is suspended relative to the first radiator, the structural complexity of the first radiator can be reduced, and the processing difficulty of the first radiator can be reduced. By generating a first resonant frequency through the first radiator, and generating a second resonant frequency through resonance between the second radiator and the first radiator, it is easier to enable the antenna to achieve multiple functions and improve the antenna performance and application range. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an example of the terminal device of this application;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an example antenna of this application;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dominant frequency current distribution of the first radiator in this application;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the third harmonic current distribution of the main frequency of the first radiator in this application;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth harmonic current distribution of the main frequency of the first radiator in this application;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiator in the GPS L5 band of this application;

[0018] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the GPS L5 band current distribution in this application;

[0019] Figure 8 This is an example of the S11 (reflection coefficient) curve for the GPS L5 band of this application;

[0020] Figure 9 This is an S11 curve diagram of another example of the GPS L5 band of this application, wherein the second radiator is provided with an opening;

[0021] Figure 10 This is a reactor schematic diagram of another example of the GPS L5 band of this application, wherein the second radiator is provided with an opening;

[0022] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiator in the GPS L1 band of this application;

[0023] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the GPS L1 band current distribution in this application;

[0024] Figure 13 This is an example S11 curve diagram of the GPS L1 band of this application;

[0025] Figure 14 This is an S11 curve diagram of another example of the GPS L1 band of this application, wherein the second radiator is provided with an opening;

[0026] Figure 15 This is a reactor schematic diagram of another example of the GPS L1 band of this application, wherein the second radiator is provided with an opening;

[0027] Figure 16This is an S11 curve diagram of another example of the antenna of this application, in which all three second radiators are provided with openings;

[0028] Figure 17 This is a comparison diagram of antenna field measurement and satellite search in one example of this application.

[0029] Wherein: 100, main body; 200, antenna; 21, first radiator; 22, second radiator; 221, opening; 23, outer shell; 2a, first direction. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" in this application description should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this document based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use this application. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that this application can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of this application with unnecessary detail. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0033] Antennas on terminal devices can be used to transmit and receive signals in specific frequency bands. Taking walkie-talkies as an example, the external helical antennas of walkie-talkies with GPS function usually use stubs to generate the frequency band required by single-frequency GPS. Depending on the loading method of the stubs, the helical antenna also needs to use a variable pitch method to match the stubs in its structure, which increases the complexity of the structure to a certain extent.

[0034] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes an antenna that, by employing a first radiator and a second radiator disposed inside the first radiator, allows the first radiator to function as the main branch and the second radiator as a branch, thereby altering the resonant current distribution and facilitating tuning.

[0035] Please see Figure 1-3 This application provides an example of an antenna 200, including a first radiator 21 and a second radiator 22.

[0036] The first radiator 21 generates the first resonant frequency. Figure 3This is a current distribution diagram at the first resonant frequency of the first radiator 21, i.e., the main frequency current distribution diagram. The first resonant frequency can be in the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band, and the first radiator 21 can operate in the UHF band. In this example, the operating frequency band of the first radiator 21 can be 400-470MHz. The first radiator 21 can be used to achieve narrowband. The first radiator 21 can be a linear antenna, a helical antenna, or an antenna of other shapes, or a combination of multiple antenna shapes. In some examples, the first radiator 21 is helically arranged, extending generally in a helical shape along a first direction 2a, which can be the length direction of the antenna 200. In this example, the first radiator 21 can serve as the main support of the antenna 200. In some examples, the first radiator 21 can have a constant pitch; optionally, the first radiator 21 can be a constant pitch spring. In some examples, the length Lx of the first radiator 21 is 90mm.

[0037] The second radiator 22 is used to couple with the first radiator 21 to form a resonance. The resonance between the second radiator 22 and the first radiator 21 generates at least one second resonant frequency, wherein the second resonant frequency is different from the first resonant frequency. Optionally, in this example, the second resonant frequency can be at least one of the following: GPS L1 (1575MHz) band, GPS L5 (1176MHz) band, WIFI band, and Bluetooth band.

[0038] There is at least one second radiator 22. The second radiator 22 and the first radiator 21 are arranged in an inner-outer garment configuration, meaning the second radiator 22 is fitted outside the first radiator 21, or the second radiator 22 is located inside the first radiator 21. Alternatively, there may be multiple second radiators 22, with some fitted outside the first radiator 21 and some located inside the spiral structure of the first radiator 21. Optionally, the first radiator 21 may spirally surround the outside of the second radiator 22. The second radiator 22 and the first radiator 21 are suspended and coupled to form a resonance. In this application example, the first radiator 21 can be a helical spring. By setting the second radiator 22 to be suspended and coupled to the first radiator 21, it is not necessary to add branches to the first radiator 21. On the one hand, this can improve the problem of increased manufacturing difficulty of helical springs caused by adding branches to helical springs. On the other hand, since it is not necessary to use a variable pitch spring, a constant pitch spring can be used, which can effectively reduce the manufacturing difficulty of helical springs, simplify the manufacturing process of the first radiator 21, and reduce the structural complexity of antenna 200.

[0039] In the example of this application, the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 cooperate with each other, wherein the first radiator 21 is used to generate a first resonant frequency, and the second radiator 22 is used to resonate with the first radiator 21 to generate at least one second resonant frequency, the first resonant frequency being different from the second resonant frequency, so that the antenna 200 can be used in multiple frequency bands.

[0040] The structure of the antenna 200 in this application will be described in detail below, taking the first resonant frequency as the UHF band and the second resonant frequency as the GPS L1 (1575MHz) band and the GPS L5 (1176MHz) band as examples.

[0041] Please combine Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is the current distribution diagram of the third harmonic at the first resonant frequency. Figure 4 This is a current distribution diagram of the 5th harmonic of the first resonant frequency, where the first resonant frequency is in the UHF band. In some examples, the second radiator 22 is located at the peak current of the harmonic of the first resonant frequency, where the peak current does not include the location of the peak current of the first resonant frequency. Combining the current distribution of the symmetrical oscillator, the surface current distribution of the 3rd and 5th harmonics of the first resonant frequency on the first radiator 21 can be obtained; the 3rd and 5th harmonics correspond to the second and third resonant points of the first radiator 21, respectively, approximating the 3rd and 5th harmonics of the dominant frequency, and the current distribution at different resonant points is different. In some examples, the second radiator 22 includes at least one coupling ring. The coupling ring can be a circular ring structure, or it can be a ring structure with other cross-sectional shapes; the coupling ring can be disposed within or around the first radiator 21.

[0042] In some examples, at least one of the second radiators 22 has a coupling ring with an opening 221 extending axially from one end of the corresponding coupling ring to its end. The opening 221 is a notch formed on the coupling ring, extending axially from one end to the other, and the coupling ring with the opening 221 is in an open state.

[0043] In some examples, the antenna 200 also includes a housing 23, which is fitted around the periphery of the first radiator 21. The second radiator 22 can be nested inside and outside the housing 23. The housing 23 can be made of insulating material. In this example, the housing 23 can be used to support the second radiator 22 and can also be used to connect the main body 100. The second radiator 22 can be fitted inside and outside the housing 23. The second radiator 22 can be fitted on the outside of the housing 23, or the second radiator 22 can be disposed on the inside of the housing 23, or part of the second radiator 22 can be disposed on the outside of the housing 23 and part of the second radiator 22 can be disposed on the inside of the housing 23.

[0044] In some examples, the width of the opening 221 along the circumferential direction of the housing 23 is w, and the inner diameter of the portion of the housing 23 corresponding to the first radiator 21 is R, where w is not less than 0. In this example, the efficiency of the antenna 200 can be improved by setting the opening 221. Optionally, the width w of the opening 221 along the circumferential direction of the housing 23 is not greater than 0.5R, so that the second radiator 22 increases the tuning offset of the first radiator 21, and at the same time, the efficiency of the antenna 200 can be improved.

[0045] Please combine Figure 6 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 In some examples, the first resonant frequency is in the UHF band, i.e., the dominant frequency is in the UHF band, and the second resonant frequency is in the GPS L5 band; the number of second radiators 22 is one, and the third harmonic of the first resonant frequency has two peak currents along the length direction of the first radiator 21 (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown at positions 01 and 02), one of the two peak currents is located at the UHF frequency band peak current location. Figure 4 The second radiator 22 is positioned at the other peak current of the two peak currents (position 02 in the middle). Figure 4 (Position 01 in the diagram). The second radiator 22 is positioned to avoid the peak current position 02 of the third harmonic, thus preventing its influence on the main frequency. Adding the second radiator 22 at the peak current of the third harmonic at the first resonant frequency approximates extending the current path. This path extension causes the radiator to effectively become longer, resulting in a frequency shift to a lower frequency, thereby tuning the resonant point of the third harmonic to the GPS L5 frequency. Optionally, in this example, the length of the second radiator 22 is no greater than the path length 7L of the peak current of the harmonic at the first resonant frequency. From Figure 8As can be seen, when the length of the second radiator 22 is 8mm, 11mm, and 13mm, the S11 coefficients of the antenna 200 are -20.9dB, -20.58dB, and -17.52dB, respectively, with very low reflection loss, and the antenna performance is not affected by the reflected signal. Optionally, the length of the second radiator 22 can be determined by combining the path length of the peak current of the harmonic of the first resonant frequency and the length of the first radiator 21. Optionally, the length Ly of the second radiator 22 can be 7mm.

[0046] Please combine Figure 9 and Figure 10 In some examples, the first resonant frequency is in the UHF band, and the second resonant frequency is in the GPSL5 band; there is one second radiator 22, and the third harmonic of the first resonant frequency has two peak currents along the length of the first radiator 21 (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown at positions 01 and 02), one of the two peak currents is located at the UHF frequency band peak current location. Figure 4 The second radiator 22 is positioned at the other peak current of the two peak currents (position 02 in the middle). Figure 4 (Position 01 in the text), and the second radiator 22 includes at least one coupling ring, on which an opening 221 is provided, extending along the axial direction of the corresponding coupling ring to the end of the corresponding coupling ring. In this example, after the coupling ring is provided with an opening 221, the S11 curve shifts to a lower frequency, indicating that the impedance characteristics near the GPS L5 band are gradually improving; the second radiator 22 is mutually coupled with the first radiator 21 and has a large capacitive reactance. With the coupling ring provided with an opening 221, the capacitive reactance is weakened, causing the reactance to gradually decrease, and the impedance curve shifts upward as a whole.

[0047] Frequency / MHz Efficiency / % Efficiency / % Frequency / MHz Efficiency / % Efficiency / % benchmark value Open coupling ring benchmark value Open coupling ring 400 24.55 23.77 1170 8.34 37.50 410 31.33 29.92 1175 8.28 39.72 420 35.65 34.20 1180 9.48 39.36 430 42.36 39.63 440 47.32 43.95 450 51.52 47.97 460 51.17 47.64 470 47.64 44.46

[0048] Table 1

[0049] Table 1 shows a comparison of the anechoic chamber efficiency values ​​of antenna 200 in the UHF (400-470MHz) band and near the GPS L5 band (1170-1180MHz). The efficiency values ​​at the corresponding frequencies of the constant-pitch helical antenna with a second radiator 22 (with the coupling loop not open) are the baseline values. As can be seen from Table 1, because the second radiator 22 is not positioned near the peak current in the UHF band, the efficiency value in the 400-470MHz range does not change significantly, having little impact on the main frequency efficiency. The efficiency value changes considerably near 1176MHz, as the third harmonic of the first radiator 21 shifts to lower frequencies. The efficiency of antenna 200 at 1176MHz increases from 8.28% to 39.72%, indicating a significant improvement in antenna efficiency.

[0050] Please combine Figure 11, Figure 12 as well as Figure 13 In some examples, the first resonant frequency is in the UHF band, and the second resonant frequency is in the GPS L1 band; there are two second radiators 22, and the fifth harmonic of the first resonant frequency has three peak currents along the length of the first radiator 21 (e.g., Figure 5 (As shown at positions 03, 04, and 05), one of the three peak currents is located at the UHF frequency band peak current location (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown at position 05), the two second radiators 22 are respectively positioned at the other two peak currents of the three peak currents (e.g., position 05). Figure 5 (See positions 03 and 04). In this example, the two second radiators 22 can be suspended and coupled to the first radiator 21 respectively. The second radiators 22 in this example are positioned to avoid the peak current position 05 of the 5th harmonic, allowing the resonant point of the 5th harmonic to be tuned to the frequency of GPS L1 without affecting the main frequency. Increasing the peak current at the 5th harmonic of the first resonant frequency approximates the length of the current path. This path extension effectively lengthens the radiator, causing a frequency shift to a lower frequency, thus tuning the resonant point of the 5th harmonic to the frequency of GPS L1. Optionally, the length of the second radiator 22 in this example is no greater than the path length 12L of the peak current at the second resonant frequency. Figure 13 As can be seen, when the length of the second radiator 22 is 14mm, 15mm, and 16mm, the S11 coefficients of the antenna 200 are -5.38dB, -11.69dB, and -9.37dB, respectively, with very low reflection loss, and the antenna performance is not affected by the reflected signal. In some examples, the length of the second radiator 22 can be determined by combining the path length of the peak current of the harmonic of the first resonant frequency and the length of the first radiator 21. Optionally, the length Lz of the second radiator 22 can be 15.5mm.

[0051] Please combine Figure 14 and Figure 15 In some examples, the first resonant frequency is in the UHF band, and the second resonant frequency is in the GPSL1 band; there are two second radiators 22, and the fifth harmonic of the first resonant frequency has three peak currents along the length of the first radiator 21 (e.g., Figure 5 (As shown at positions 03, 04, and 05), one of the three peak currents is located at the UHF frequency band peak current location (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown at position 05), the two second radiators 22 are respectively positioned at the other two peak currents of the three peak currents (e.g., position 05). Figure 5(As shown in positions 03 and 04), and the second radiator 22 includes at least one coupling ring, on which an opening 221 can be provided. After the coupling ring is provided with an opening 221, the S11 curve shifts to a lower frequency, indicating that the impedance characteristics near the GPS L1 frequency band are gradually improving; the second radiator 22 is mutually coupled with the first radiator 21 and has a large capacitive reactance. With the opening 221 of the coupling ring, the capacitive reactance is weakened, so that the reactance gradually decreases and the impedance curve shifts upward as a whole.

[0052] Frequency / MHz Efficiency / % Efficiency / % Frequency / MHz Efficiency / % Efficiency / % benchmark value Open coupling ring benchmark value Open coupling ring 400 24.55 24.21 1570 10.21 45.84 410 31.33 30.69 1575 11.25 46.33 420 35.65 35.24 1580 12.16 45.84 430 42.36 40.74 440 47.32 45.19 450 51.52 48.75 460 51.17 48.19 470 47.64 44.67

[0053] Table 2

[0054] Table 2 shows a comparison of the anechoic chamber test efficiency values ​​of antenna 200 in the UHF (400-470MHz) band and near the GPS L1 band (1570-1580MHz). The efficiency values ​​at the corresponding frequencies of the constant-pitch spiral antenna with a second radiator 22 (with the coupling loop not open) are the baseline values. As can be seen from Table 2, because the second radiator 22 is not positioned near the peak current in the UHF band, the efficiency value in the 400-470MHz range does not change significantly, having little impact on the main frequency efficiency. The efficiency value changes considerably near 1575MHz, as the 5th harmonic of the first radiator 21 shifts to lower frequencies. The efficiency of antenna 200 at 1575MHz increases from 11.25% to 46.33%, indicating a significant improvement in antenna efficiency.

[0055] Refer again Figure 1 , Figure 2 and combined Figure 3-5 In some examples, the first resonant frequency is in the UHF band, and there are two second resonant frequencies, namely the GPS L5 band and the GPS L1 band; there are three second radiators 22, and the third harmonic of the first resonant frequency has two peak currents along the length of the first radiator 21 (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown at positions 01 and 02), one of the two peak currents is located at the UHF frequency band peak current location. Figure 4 (position 02 in the middle), one of the three second radiators 22 is set at the other peak current of the two peak currents ( Figure 4 (position 01 in the middle); the 5th harmonic of the first resonant frequency has three peak currents along the length direction of the first radiator 21 (such as...). Figure 5 (As shown at positions 03, 04, and 05), one of the three peak currents is located at the UHF frequency band peak current location (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown at position 05), the other two of the three second radiators 22 are respectively set at the other two peak currents of the three peak currents (e.g., Figure 5(See positions 03 and 04). There are three second radiators 22, spaced apart along the length of the first radiator 21. The three second radiators 22 are positioned at the peak currents of the 3rd harmonic (01) and 5th harmonic (03 and 04), respectively. This allows the resonant points of the 3rd and 5th harmonics to be tuned to the frequencies of GPS L5 and GPS L1, respectively, without affecting the main frequency. In this example, three segments of second radiators 22 can be used, corresponding to the peak currents of the 3rd and 5th harmonics (01, 03, and 04), respectively, to enable the antenna 200 to achieve narrowband and GPS dual-frequency functionality. In this example, the position of each second radiator 22 can be determined based on the peak current points of the 3rd and 5th harmonics of the first radiator 21. The three second radiators 22 can be spaced apart along the length of the first radiator 21. Optionally, the gap D3 between adjacent second radiators 22 is 8 mm. The second radiator 22, located along the length of the first radiator 21, is used to tune the resonant point of the third harmonic to the GPS L5 frequency. The first and third second radiators 22 are used to tune the resonant point of the fifth harmonic to the GPS L1 frequency. The three second radiators 22 are positioned to avoid the peak current of the main frequency, thus reducing the influence of the second radiators 22 on the main frequency of the first radiator 21. The second radiators 22 tune the resonance of the first radiator, allowing the first radiator 21 and the second radiator 22 to combine and achieve a dual-frequency GPS band.

[0056] Please refer to the following: Figure 16 Based on the previous example, antenna 200 includes the three second radiators 22 described in the previous example, each of the three second radiators 22 including a coupling loop. Each of the three second radiators 22 has an opening 221 on its coupling loop, from which... Figure 16 As can be seen, compared to the antenna 200 with the second radiator 22 formed without a coupling loop (i.e., a constant pitch spiral antenna), the resonant points of its 3rd and 5th harmonics are not at the GPS L1 and L5 frequencies. In this example, after adding a coupling loop with an opening 221, the resonant points of the 3rd and 5th harmonics shift to lower frequencies, thereby tuning the resonant points to the GPS L1 and L5 frequencies. Furthermore, the coupling loop is set to avoid the peak current of the UHF band and does not affect the main frequency.

[0057]

[0058] Table 3

[0059] Table 3 shows a comparison of the anechoic chamber efficiency values ​​of antenna 200 in the UHF (400-470MHz) band, near the GPS L5 band (1170-1180MHz), and near the GPS L1 band (1570-1580MHz). The efficiency values ​​at corresponding frequencies are benchmark values ​​for the constant-pitch helical antenna with a second radiator 22 formed by setting a coupling loop but not opening the loop. As can be seen from Table 3, the resonant points of the 3rd and 5th harmonics of the first radiator 21 shift to lower frequencies. The efficiency of antenna 200 at 1175MHz increases from 8.28% to 37.41%, and the efficiency at 1575MHz increases from 11.25% to 42.28%.

[0060] Please refer to the following: Figure 17 ,like Figure 17 The left column shows a comparison of field measurement and satellite search using the reference antenna 200, which is an antenna 200 consisting of a first radiator 21 without the second radiator 22. The right column shows a comparison of field measurement and satellite search using this application. Figure 17 It can be seen that the scheme in this application example has improved the number of satellites searched and the CN value to a certain extent.

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Table 4

[0064] Table 4 shows a comparison of the U-band (400-470MHz) extension distance of this application with the reference value. The reference value is the U-band extension distance effect of a constant-gap spiral antenna 200 without a second radiator 22. As can be seen from Table 4, the difference in U-band extension distance effect between this application and the reference value is very small.

[0065] This application addresses the positioning needs of current terminal devices with dual-frequency GPS or dual-frequency BeiDou. By adding three second radiators 22 with openings 221 to a constant-gap spiral antenna, the high-order resonant point of the first radiator 21 can be controlled, thereby achieving dual-frequency positioning.

[0066] The addition of three second radiators 22 in this application example is based on the current distribution at the higher-order resonant point of the first radiator 21, and tuning can be achieved by changing the resonant current distribution. The higher-order resonance of the first radiator 21 is tuned by the structure of three second radiators 22, and the tuning offset is increased by setting openings 221 in the three second radiators 22. To avoid the impact of adding three second radiators 22 on the main frequency radiation efficiency, one second radiator 22 is used for the GPS L5 band, and this second radiator 22 includes a coupling loop with an opening 221. Two second radiators 22 are used for the GPS L1 band, and these two second radiators 22 also include coupling loops with openings 221, avoiding the peak current distribution of the main frequency. Using a constant-pitch spiral structure as the main radiator of the antenna 200 helps reduce structural complexity, saves antenna 200 costs, and reduces complex manufacturing processes. Since the GPS tuning scheme in this application example does not require adding branches, the impact of injection molding eccentricity issues is reduced. Compared to other GPS antenna 200 solutions, this one is compatible with various antenna 200 connection methods, such as monopole connectors, SMA connectors, or soldering, and can be compatible with more terminal products.

[0067] In some examples, the coupling rings constituting the three second radiators 22 are each provided with an opening 221. The openings 221 on the coupling rings of the three second radiators 22 are positioned on the same side facing the first radiator 21. This facilitates the alignment and positioning of the second radiators 22 during installation, simplifying the installation process and improving installation efficiency and accuracy. In this example, the widths of the openings 221 in the coupling rings of the three second radiators 22 can be equal or unequal, depending on the required offset for each resonant point.

[0068] Although the above examples only illustrate the second resonant frequency of the GPS L1 (1575MHz) band and the GPS L5 (1176MHz) band, this is not intended to limit this application. For WIFI and Bluetooth bands, the peak current of the main frequency can be avoided, and the second radiator 22 can be set at the peak current of the higher-order harmonic of the first resonant frequency to tune the resonant point of the higher-order harmonic to the required higher-order resonant point, thereby realizing the WIFI and Bluetooth functions. This will not be elaborated here.

[0069] Please refer to it again. Figure 2In some examples, the first radiator 21 has a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other. The distance between the second radiator 22 near the first end and the first end is a first distance D1, and the distance between the second radiator 22 near the second end and the second end is a second distance D2. The first distance D1 is not greater than the second distance D2. In this example, the first end and the second end of the first radiator 21 can be two ends of the first radiator 21 along its length. The second end can be used to connect to the feed point of the main body 100 structure.

[0070] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 Based on the antenna 200 described above, this application also proposes an example of a terminal device, including a main body 100 and an antenna 200 as in any of the above examples, wherein the antenna 200 is connected to the main body 100.

[0071] The main body 100 can be a walkie-talkie or other terminal device that requires the antenna 200 structure. In this example, the antenna 200 can be located at one of the top corners of the main body 100. The main body 100 can have a feed point for cooperating with the antenna 200, and the second end of the first radiator 21 of the antenna 200 can be connected to the feed point of the main body 100.

[0072] It is understandable that terminal devices may also include other functional components, and relevant technologies can be referenced.

[0073] The above are merely embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of this patent application. Any equivalent structural or procedural changes made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, include: A first radiator, which generates a first resonant frequency; as well as At least one second radiator, each of the at least one second radiator being internally and externally coupled to the first radiator to form a resonance, the at least one second radiator resonating with the first radiator to generate at least one second resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency being different from the first resonant frequency.

2. The antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second radiator is disposed at the peak current of the harmonic at the first resonant frequency, wherein the peak current does not include the peak current at the first resonant frequency.

3. The antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the second radiator is not greater than the path length of the peak current of the harmonic of the first resonant frequency.

4. The antenna as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first resonant frequency is the UHF band, and / or the second resonant frequency includes the GPS L1 band, GPS L5 band, WIFI band, and Bluetooth band.

5. The antenna as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first resonant frequency is the UHF band, and the second resonant frequency is the GPS L5 band. There is one second radiator. The harmonics of the first resonant frequency have two peak currents along the length of the first radiator. One of the two peak currents is the location of the peak current in the UHF band. The second radiator is located at the location of the other peak current in the two peak currents. The second radiator resonates with the first radiator to generate the GPS L5 band.

6. The antenna as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first resonant frequency is the UHF band, and the second resonant frequency is the GPS L1 band. There are two second radiators. The harmonics of the first resonant frequency have three peak currents along the length of the first radiator. One of the three peak currents is the peak current of the UHF band. The two second radiators are respectively located at the other two peak currents of the three peak currents. The two second radiators resonate with the first radiator to generate the GPS L1 band.

7. The antenna as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The first resonant frequency is in the UHF band, and there are two second resonant frequencies, namely the GPS L5 band and the GPS L1 band. There are three second radiators. The harmonics of the first resonant frequency have two peak currents along the length of the first radiator, one of which is the peak current of the UHF band. One of the three second radiators is located at the other peak current of the two peak currents. The harmonics of the first resonant frequency have three peak currents along the length of the first radiator, one of which is the peak current of the UHF band. The other two of the three second radiators are located at the other two peak currents of the three peak currents.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first radiator has a helical structure, and the pitch of the helical structure is a constant pitch.

9. The antenna as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The second radiator includes at least one coupling ring.

10. The antenna as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, At least one of the second radiators has a coupling ring with an opening that extends along the axial direction of the corresponding coupling ring to the end of the corresponding coupling ring.

11. The antenna as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The antenna also includes: An outer shell is fitted around the periphery of the first radiator, and the at least one second radiator is nested inside and outside the outer shell respectively.

12. The antenna as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that, The width of the opening along the circumferential direction of the outer shell is w, and the inner diameter of the outer shell corresponding to the portion of the first radiator is R. The following relationship exists between the width w of the opening along the circumferential direction of the outer shell and the inner diameter R of the outer shell corresponding to the first radiator: 0≤w≤0.5R.

13. A terminal device, characterized in that, include: main body; as well as The antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the antenna is connected to the body.

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