Method for extracting a fatty substance from animal fat

Abstract

The invention relates to a method (100) for extracting an oxygenated fatty substance from an animal fat, characterized in that the animal fat is derived from a reptile and in that said extraction method (100) comprises a step (130) of extraction by means of a supercritical carbon dioxide extractor at a given extraction temperature and at a given extraction pressure.

Description

[0001] Process for extracting a fat from animal fat

[0002] The present invention relates generally to the field of oxygenated fat extraction. It relates in particular to fats derived from animal fat, and especially to a group of oxylipins.

[0003] Oxygenated fats constitute a family of naturally occurring oxygenated products formed from fatty acids through pathways involving at least one oxygen-dependent oxidation step. Among the molecules of interest are phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin, and, notably, oxylipins. Oxylipins are derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids by the enzymes cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), or cytochrome P450 epoxygenase. Oxylipins, thus produced from fatty acids, are found in numerous organisms, including microorganisms (algae and others), plants, and animals, and are known to have diverse biological functions.

[0004] Reptile fat has been used for a very long time by indigenous peoples, applied directly to the skin to heal dermatological problems. Based on this natural observation, the present inventor has identified, through specific and extensive research, that oxylipins are found in significant quantity and quality in reptile fat, particularly crocodile fat, with the identification of fourteen oxygenated compounds (oxylipins) in the latter, namely: 7-HDOHE (7-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic Acid); 14-HDOHE (Docosahexaenoic Acid); 15-HETE (15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid); 17-HDOHE (17-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic Acid); 8-HETE (8-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid); 4-HDOHE (4-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic Acid); 12-HETE (12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid); 11-HDOHE (docosahexaenoic acid); 5-HEPE (5-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid); 5-HETE (5-5S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid);15-HEPE (15S-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid); 12-HEPE (12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid); 5-oxoETE (5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid) and 12-oxoETE (12-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid) originating mainly from the metabolism of three acids: arachidonic acid, dicosohexanoic acid and dicosopentanoic acid. However, such oxygenated fatty substances present themselves as products with very high added value due to their bioactive properties and their potential in the development of therapeutic, cosmetic and food products with a wide range of biological functions, such as apoptosis, tissue repair, blood clotting, cell proliferation, blood vessel permeability, pain regulation, inflammation regulation, immune actions, blood pressure regulation and / or fat metabolism regulation.

[0005] Methods exist for extracting fats from reptiles, including the Chinese patent application published on October 26, 2018, under number CN 108 707 502 A for the extraction of crocodile oil. However, such a method does not allow for the extraction of oxygenated fats, and in particular, oxylipins in high concentrations. On the contrary, this extraction method involves a pretreatment step with a sodium chloride solution and the use of antioxidants. The use of sodium chloride upstream of an oxygenated fat extraction process denatures the resulting oxygenated fat due to lipid conformation changes induced by Na+ ions. Furthermore, it is known that the use of antioxidants before an extraction step reduces the production of hydroperoxides, potential substrates for oxylipin synthesis.

[0006] Furthermore, although no extraction method for oxygenated fats, particularly oxylipin groups, from reptile fat has been identified, the industry has traditionally used liquid organic solvents to extract fats from natural substrates, which would naturally lead to a shift towards this type of extraction method. However, due to environmental and health concerns, these solvents, considered by many to be toxic and harmful to health and the environment, are increasingly losing their appeal in processing industries as extraction agents. Manufacturers are therefore increasingly turning to solvents considered "good solvents," such as ethanol or methanol. However, extraction using organic solvent(s) requires a subsequent distillation step to remove the organic solvent(s) from the extracted fractions.However, the high temperature required to distill the last traces of solvent(s) can degrade the extract obtained.

[0007] The present invention aims to improve upon this observation. To this end, it proposes a process for extracting oxygenated fats, in particular a group of oxylipins, from reptile fat using environmentally and health-friendly components and compounds, and ensuring controlled and pure extraction, specifically preserving the integrity of the resulting extract. The process according to the invention thus makes it possible to achieve a balance between controlled oxylipin formation and the preservation of their integrity during the extraction step. The resulting extract can then be used in pharmacological, cosmetic, and / or food products.

[0008] To this end, a first object of the invention relates to a process for extracting an oxygenated fat from animal fat obtained from a reptile, said oxygenated fat being a group of oxylipins and said extraction process comprising:

[0009] - a preliminary step of oxidation of animal fat;

[0010] - an extraction step using a supercritical carbon dioxide extractor at a given extraction temperature and extraction pressure.

[0011] Indeed, in its supercritical state, carbon dioxide possesses very particular properties: high diffusivity and a high density, which gives it significant transport and extraction capacity. Furthermore, with a low critical temperature, around thirty-one degrees Celsius, supercritical carbon dioxide allows for the processing of heat-sensitive products.

[0012] Preferably, the reptile is a crocodile.

[0013] Advantageously, the extraction temperature is between thirty-five degrees Celsius and ninety degrees Celsius.

[0014] The extraction pressure is preferably between seventy-four bars and four hundred bars.

[0015] According to a first embodiment of the invention, said process for extracting a fat from animal fat comprises:

[0016] - the preliminary step of oxidation of animal fat consisting of obtaining a first mixture by mixing a given quantity of animal fat with a given quantity of solvent or mixture of solvents, the latter having a weight greater than or equal to the weight of the quantity of animal fat;

[0017] - a step of obtaining a second mixture by mixing a first given quantity of anti-clogging agent with the first mixture obtained;

[0018] - the extraction step by said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor consisting of extracting the second mixture obtained with a second given quantity of anti-clogging agent so as to obtain at least one lipophilic phase and one hydrophilic phase, each of these phases containing a given concentration of said oxygenated fat.

[0019] Advantageously, the first given quantity of anti-clogging agent has a weight equivalent to five times said weight of the given quantity of animal fat.

[0020] The anti-clogging agent may be derived from a group of anti-clogging agents comprising perlite, diatomite, sand, anthracite, activated carbon, and bonded silica. The solvent or solvent mixture may be derived from a group of solvents comprising ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, and dimethyl ether.

[0021] The extraction process according to the first embodiment may further include steps prior to the oxidation stage of the animal fat, consisting of:

[0022] - a step of grinding animal fat;

[0023] - a step of mixing the ground animal fat and;

[0024] - a storage stage of the ground animal fat at a temperature below or equal to zero degrees.

[0025] The extraction process according to the first embodiment may further comprise subsequent steps to the extraction step consisting of:

[0026] - a step to preserve the lipophilic phase consisting of adding an antioxidant to said lipophilic phase;

[0027] - a step of preserving the hydrophilic phase consisting of adding a preservative to said hydrophilic phase.

[0028] The extraction process according to the first embodiment may further include subsequent steps to the extraction step consisting of:

[0029] - a vacuum conditioning step of the hydrophilic phase at a temperature less than or equal to forty-five degrees Celsius;

[0030] - a step of obtaining said oxygenated fat consisting of mixing the conditioned hydrophilic phase with the lipophilic phase so as to obtain an emulsion containing a given concentration of said oxygenated fat.

[0031] According to a second embodiment of the invention, said process for extracting a fat from animal fat comprises:

[0032] - the preliminary step of oxidation of animal fat consisting of extracting by solvent a given quantity of animal fat so as to obtain an extraction solute; - the step of extraction by said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor consisting of extracting the extraction solute obtained, so as to obtain a hydrophilic phase containing a given concentration of said oxygenated fat.

[0033] The extraction process according to the second embodiment may further include steps prior to the oxidation stage of the animal fat, consisting of:

[0034] - a step of grinding animal fat;

[0035] - a step of mixing the ground animal fat and;

[0036] - a storage stage of the ground animal fat at a temperature below or equal to zero degrees.

[0037] The extraction process according to the second embodiment may further comprise subsequent steps to the extraction step by said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor, consisting of:

[0038] - a vacuum conditioning step of the hydrophilic phase at a temperature less than or equal to forty-five degrees Celsius;

[0039] - a step of preserving the hydrophilic phase consisting of adding a preservative to said hydrophilic phase.

[0040] Finally, a second object of the invention relates to a cosmetic product comprising a fatty substance obtained from the extraction process according to the first or second embodiment according to the invention.

[0041] The invention will be better understood and other features and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention, given by way of illustrative and non-limiting examples, and with reference to the accompanying drawings, among which:

[0042] - Figure 1 shows a preferred example of the process according to a first embodiment of the invention;

[0043] - Figure 2 shows a first variant embodiment of the example presented in Figure 1 according to the invention; - Figure 3 shows a second variant embodiment of the example presented in Figure 1 according to the invention;

[0044] - Figure 4 is a preferred example of the process according to a second embodiment of the invention.

[0045] To simplify the description, the same reference number is used in different figures to designate the same process step or element. Therefore, when the description cites a process step or a referenced element, that process step or element can be identified in several figures. Furthermore, the figures and the description are provided as non-limiting examples of embodiments.

[0046] A method for extracting an oxygenated fat according to the invention consists of extracting an oxygenated fat belonging to a group of oxylipins from animal fat using a commercially available supercritical carbon dioxide extractor, for example, the ExtrateX SFE 25-liter model or the LABOAO LSFE-221-50-06 model. Such an extractor operates in a closed circuit and includes pressure-generating elements, such as pumps, and temperature-regulating elements, such as heat exchangers, to bring the carbon dioxide above its critical point, in this case more than seventy-four bar and thirty-one degrees Celsius.Thus, similar to the methods for extracting fats from reptiles described in Chinese patent applications CN 104 958 232 A and CN 102 108 318 A and Korean patent application KR 102 1 11 653 B1, such a process includes an extraction step using a supercritical carbon dioxide extractor at a given extraction temperature and pressure. This step consists of placing the product to be treated, in this case animal fat, into the extractor, through which the supercritical carbon dioxide flow passes. The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid becomes saturated with the extracted compound, then it is expanded, transitions to a gaseous phase, and separates from the extracted compound. The latter is then collected in a separator. This extraction method makes it possible to eliminate all undesirable lipophilic substances from the product being treated and to retain only the desired fat(s).

[0047] However, it turns out that such an extraction step using a supercritical carbon dioxide extractor is not sufficient on its own to obtain a pure, highly concentrated oxygenated fat, particularly oxylipins. Thus, contrary to Chinese patent applications CN 104 958 232 A and CN 102 108 318 A and Korean patent application KR 102 1 11 653 B1, the process according to the invention also includes a preliminary step prior to the extraction step using said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor, in order to promote regulated oxidation of the animal fat and ultimately promote the controlled production of oxylipins. This preliminary step consists of macerating the animal fat to introduce oxygen into said animal fat; in other words, an oxidation step of the animal fat.This oxidation step allows for accelerated fat peroxidation, generating a mass production of lipid hydroperoxyls (also known by the acronym LOOH), which are substrates for the synthesis of oxylipins (direct precursors of bioactive oxylipins). This first step thus concentrates a significant portion of the oxygenated fats, particularly the oxylipins.

[0048] For illustrative but not limiting purposes, such a process according to the invention is advantageously described hereafter and implemented using crocodile fat. This crocodile fat may be obtained from a liposuction procedure on a crocodile, specifically an aspiration of fat deposits from a crocodile, or from the legal and controlled slaughter of a crocodile.

[0049] To optimize the extraction process for the intended application, the extraction temperature is advantageously between 35 degrees Celsius, a temperature above the critical temperature, and 90 degrees Celsius, corresponding to a temperature that ensures the preservation and maintenance of the active principles of the extracted compound, with 60 degrees Celsius being the preferred temperature. As for the extraction pressure, it is advantageously between 74 and 400 bars, preferably 200 bars.

[0050] As mentioned previously, the invention consists of extracting an oxygenated fatty substance, in this case a group of oxylipins, from an animal fat.

[0051] A preferred example, corresponding to a first embodiment, of a process 100 for extracting an oxygenated fatty substance from an animal fat, according to the invention, is shown in Figure 1.

[0052] Thus, such a process 100 comprises a first step 110 consisting of the aforementioned oxidation step of the animal fat to obtain a first mixture M1. This mixture M1 is obtained by mixing a given quantity of animal fat with a given quantity of a solvent or a mixture of solvents. The quantity of solvent or mixture of solvents has a weight Ps greater than or equal to the weight Pg of the quantity of animal fat. Examples of solvent(s) will be given in the remainder of this document.

[0053] In order to maximize the efficiency of the extraction process 100, particularly by achieving a higher yield, the process may optionally include a preliminary step prior to step 10 of obtaining the first mixture M1, namely step 101 of grinding the animal fat. This step 101 fractionates the animal fat and reduces the particle size, thereby improving the yield during the extraction step. For this purpose, by way of illustration but not limitation, a knife mill operating at 5,000 revolutions per minute could be used, for example. Additionally, this grinding step 101 may be followed by a step 102 of mixing the ground animal fat to ensure a homogeneous mixture.Furthermore, in the event that the time between step 101 of grinding the fat or step 102 of mixing the fat and step 110 of obtaining the first mixture M1 is relatively long because the said steps are not, for example, carried out on the same day and / or in the same place, a subsidiary step 103 of storing the ground animal fat at a temperature less than or equal to zero degrees Celsius may possibly be carried out.

[0054] A second step 120 of said process 100 consists of obtaining a second mixture M2. This second M2 is obtained by mixing a first quantity Q1 of an anti-fouling agent with the first mixture M1 obtained in the first step 110. Said first quantity Q1 of anti-fouling agent must be adapted according to the type of anti-fouling agent used. By way of illustration, this quantity Q1 may advantageously have a weight equivalent to five times said weight Pg of the given quantity of animal fat. However, such a ratio between the weight associated with the quantity Q1 of anti-fouling agent and the weight Pg of the quantity of animal fat is not limited but is determined according to the type of anti-fouling agent selected. In the remainder of this document, examples of anti-fouling agents will be given.

[0055] A third step 130 of said process 100 consists of the aforementioned extraction step, using said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor, at a given extraction temperature and pressure, so as to obtain at least one lipophilic phase PL1 and one hydrophilic phase PH1, each containing a given concentration of oxygenated fat. Such a step 130 thus makes it possible to remove any non-oxygenated fat. For such a first embodiment, such a step 130 consists of extracting, in said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor, the second mixture M2 obtained in the preceding step 120 in the presence of a second given quantity Q2 of anti-clogging agent. To do this, said second given quantity Q2 of anti-clogging agent and the second mixture M2 are added to said extractor.The extractor is then closed and locked, and the extraction cycle can begin after setting the extraction parameters, namely temperature, pressure, and extraction time. As a reminder, for illustrative purposes, the extraction temperature is advantageously between 35 and 90 degrees Celsius, and the extraction pressure is advantageously between 74 and 400 bars. The extraction time is advantageously between 10 and 180 minutes. Preferably, to promote better yield, the given quantity Q2 of anti-clogging agent can be halved before being added to the extractor and thus added in two stages according to the following protocol:

[0056] - adding the first half of the quantity Q2 of anti-clogging agent into said extractor;

[0057] - addition of the second mixture M2 into said extractor;

[0058] - adding the second half of the quantity Q2 of anti-clogging agent into said extractor.

[0059] At the end of this step 130, an extract is obtained, corresponding to a lipophilic phase PL1, in this case an oily phase, and a hydrophilic phase PH1, in this case an aqueous phase, each containing a high concentration of said oxygenated fatty body.

[0060] The extract (the lipophilic phase PL1 and / or hydrophilic phase PH1) can thus be used as is or after a purification step to retain only the desired oxygenated fatty substance for cosmetic or other applications by incorporating the extract, in its purified or unpurified form, into the composition of a cosmetic product. Advantageously, to prevent any deterioration and / or premature aging of the extract, as illustrated in Figure 2, the process 100 may include optional steps for preserving the obtained PL1 and PH1 phases, such as:

[0061] - a step 140 for preserving the lipophilic phase PL1, consisting of adding an antioxidant to said lipophilic phase PL1 to prevent its premature oxidation. By way of illustration but not limitation, the antioxidant agent used may be: i. a synthetic primary antioxidant such as butylhydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, ethoxyquin, tertiary butylhydroquinone, or propyl gallate; ii. a natural primary antioxidant such as lutein, vitamin E (tocopherols), carnosol, carnosic acid, or other plant extracts; iii. a secondary antioxidant such as citric acid, phosphoric acid, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, otherwise known by the acronym EDTA. In addition, it is also possible, as an option, to integrate such an antioxidant into the animal fat during the grinding step 101 in order to stabilize and protect the ground fat against oxidation.

[0062] - a step 150 of preservation of the hydrophilic phase PH1 consisting of adding a preservative to said hydrophilic phase PH1. By way of illustration but not limitation, the preservative used may be derived from various aqueous phase preservatives, such as leuconostokes, radish root filtrate, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, benzyl acid, dehydroacetic acid, potassium sorbate.

[0063] Alternatively, as illustrated in Figure 3, when the extraction purification step can be lengthy and costly, it is possible to obtain an emulsion, in this case a mixture of an oily phase with an aqueous phase, containing a given concentration of oxygenated fats. To achieve this, said process 100 may include two steps subsequent to the extraction step 130, in this case:

[0064] - a first step 160 of vacuum conditioning of the hydrophilic phase PH1 at a given temperature, advantageously less than or equal to forty-five degrees Celsius, such a step 160 allowing the evaporation of the solvent or mixture of solvents so as to obtain a maximum concentration of oxygenated fats;

[0065] - and a second step 170 of obtaining said oxygenated fat consisting of mixing the hydrophilic phase previously conditioned in step 160 with the lipophilic phase PL1.

[0066] A second example, corresponding to a second embodiment, of a process 200 for extracting an oxygenated fatty substance, in this case a group of oxylipins, from animal fat according to the invention, is shown in Figure 4. Such a process 200 comprises a first step 210 corresponding to the aforementioned step of oxidation of the animal fat and consisting of extracting, by solvent extraction (solid-liquid extraction), a given quantity of animal fat in order to obtain an extraction solute SE, otherwise known as miscella. For this purpose, solvent extraction relies on the solubility of the species to be extracted in a given solvent. The solvent must therefore be immiscible with water, readily dissolve the species to be extracted, and be liquid at the extraction temperature.Such a solvent extraction step 210 consists first of a substep involving the mixing of a given quantity of animal fat in a pre-selected solvent, according to the aforementioned criteria. For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to use equipment such as an incubation hood that allows for the control of extraction temperature and agitation, such as the TH 15 hood from the Edmund Buhler GmbH brand. This is followed by a second substep of filtration, for example through filter paper, with the resulting miscella being collected at the end of this second substep.

[0067] Process 200 includes a second step 220 consisting of the aforementioned extraction step, using said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor, at a given extraction temperature and pressure to remove all non-oxygenated fats from the extraction solute SE. In this second embodiment, the extraction solute SE obtained in step 210 is thus introduced into said extractor. The extractor is then closed and locked, and the extraction cycle can start after setting the extraction parameters, namely the temperature, pressure, and extraction time. As in the first embodiment, in this case extraction process 100, the extraction temperature is advantageously between 35 and 90 degrees Celsius, and the extraction pressure is advantageously between 74 and 400 bars.The extraction time is advantageously between ten and one hundred and eighty minutes. At the end of this step 220, a hydrophilic phase PH2 containing a given concentration of oxygenated fat is obtained. As with process 100, process 200 may optionally include steps prior to solvent extraction step 210, namely a step 201 of grinding the animal fat, followed or not by a step 202 of mixing the ground animal fat, followed or not by a step 203 of storing the ground animal fat at a temperature below or equal to zero degrees Celsius. Such steps 201, 202, and 203 have the same effects and characteristics as the aforementioned steps 101, 102, and 103.

[0068] In addition, to obtain a maximum concentration of oxygenated fats, an extra step can be carried out after step 220 of extraction by said carbon dioxide extractor, namely step 230 of vacuum conditioning the hydrophilic phase PH2 at a given temperature, advantageously less than or equal to forty-five degrees Celsius, thus allowing the evaporation of any solvent residue. Furthermore, to prevent any deterioration and / or premature aging of the hydrophilic phase PH2 obtained, said process 200 may also include an optional preservation step corresponding to step 240 of preservation of the hydrophilic phase PH2.One such step 240 consists of adding a preservative to said hydrophilic phase PH2: the preservative used may be derived from various aqueous phase preservatives, such as benzoic acid, sorbic acid, benzyl acid, dehydroacetic acid, potassium sorbate; leuconostocs, or radish root filtrate.

[0069] By way of illustration but not limitation, throughout this document, when reference is made to the use of:

[0070] - an anti-clogging agent, which may be perlite, diatomite, sand, anthracite, activated carbon of various grades, or grafted silica of various grades. However, a person skilled in the art should not limit themselves to this list of anti-clogging agents but could use any other type of material that prevents clogging of the grease in the extractor; - a solvent or a mixture of solvents, the solvent being ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, or dimethyl ether. However, a person skilled in the art should not limit themselves to this list of solvents but could use any other type of solvent fulfilling the functions mentioned herein. Another object of the present invention relates to a cosmetic product comprising an oxygenated fat obtained by the extraction process 100 or 200 according to the invention.

[0071] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this disclosure is not limited to what is specifically shown and described above. Other modifications may be envisaged without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the annexed claims. In this instance, throughout this disclosure, the extraction processes described apply to oxygenated fats derived from animal fat, but such extraction processes could be applied to fats derived from vegetable oils, for example.

Claims

DEMANDS 1. A process for extracting (100, 200) an oxygenated fat from animal fat derived from a reptile, characterized in that the oxygenated fat is a group of oxylipins and that said extraction process comprises: - a preliminary oxidation step (110, 210) of animal fat; - an extraction step (130, 220) by a supercritical carbon dioxide extractor at a given extraction temperature and extraction pressure.

2. Extraction process (100, 200) of an oxygenated fatty substance from an animal fat according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reptile is a crocodile.

3. Extraction process (100, 200) of an oxygenated fat from an animal fat according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the extraction temperature is between thirty-five degrees Celsius and ninety degrees Celsius.

4. Extraction process (100, 200) of an oxygenated fat from an animal fat according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the extraction pressure is between seventy-four bars and four hundred bars.

5. A process for extracting (100) an oxygenated fat from an animal fat according to any one of the preceding claims, said process (100) comprising: - the preliminary oxidation step (1 10) of animal fat consisting of obtaining a first mixture (M1 ) by mixing a given quantity of animal fat with a given quantity of solvent or mixture of solvents, the latter having a weight (Ps) greater than or equal to the weight (Pg) of the quantity of animal fat; - a step (120) of obtaining a second mixture (M2) by mixing a first given quantity (Q1) of anti-clogging agent with the first mixture (M1) obtained; - the extraction step (130) by said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor consisting of extracting the second mixture (M2) obtained with a second given quantity (Q2) of anti-clogging agent so as to obtain at least one lipophilic phase (PL1) and one hydrophilic phase (PH1), each of these phases (PL1, PH1) containing a given concentration of said oxygenated fat.

6. Method for extracting (100) an oxygenated fat from an animal fat according to the preceding claim, wherein the first given quantity (Q1) of anti-clogging agent has a weight equivalent to five times said weight (Pg) of the given quantity of animal fat.

7. Method for extracting (100) an oxygenated fat from an animal fat according to any one of claims 5 to 6, wherein the anti-clogging agent is taken from a set of anti-clogging agents comprising perlite, diatomite, sand, anthracite, activated carbon, and grafted silica.

8. A process for extracting (100) an oxygenated fat from an animal fat according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the solvent or the solvent mixture is derived from a set of solvents comprising ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, and dimethyl ether.

9. A process for extracting (100) an oxygenated fat from animal fat according to any one of claims 5 to 8, further comprising steps prior to the oxidation step (110) of the animal fat, consisting of: - a step (101) of grinding animal fat; - a step (102) of mixing the ground animal fat and; - a step (103) of storing the ground animal fat at a temperature less than or equal to zero degrees.

10. A process for extracting (100) an oxygenated fat from animal fat according to any one of claims 5 to 9, further comprising subsequent steps to the extraction step (130) consisting of: - a step (140) of preserving the lipophilic phase (PL1) consisting of adding an antioxidant to said lipophilic phase (PL1); - a step (150) of preservation of the hydrophilic phase (PH1) consisting of adding a preservative to said hydrophilic phase (PH1).

11. A process for extracting (100) an oxygenated fat from animal fat according to any one of claims 5 to 10, further comprising subsequent steps to the extraction step (130) consisting of: - a vacuum conditioning step (160) of the hydrophilic phase (PH1) at a temperature less than or equal to forty-five degrees Celsius; - a step (170) of obtaining said oxygenated fat consisting of mixing the conditioned hydrophilic phase (PH1) with the lipophilic phase (PL1) so as to obtain an emulsion containing a given concentration of said oxygenated fat.

12. A process for extracting (200) an oxygenated fat from an animal fat according to any one of claims 1 to 4, said process comprising: - the preliminary oxidation step (210) of animal fat consisting of extracting by solvent a given quantity of animal fat in order to obtain an extraction solute (SE); - the extraction step (220) by said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor consisting of extracting the extraction solute (SE) obtained, so as to obtain a hydrophilic phase (PH2) containing a given concentration of said oxygenated fat.

13. A process for extracting (200) an oxygenated fat from an animal fat according to the preceding claim, further comprising steps prior to the oxidation step (210) of the animal fat, consisting of: - a step (201) of grinding animal fat; - a step (202) of mixing the ground animal fat and; - a step (203) of storing ground animal fat at a temperature below or equal to zero degrees.

14. A method for extracting (200) an oxygenated fat from animal fat according to any one of the preceding claims 12 to 13, further comprising subsequent steps to the extraction step (220) by said supercritical carbon dioxide extractor consisting of: - a step (230) of vacuum conditioning the hydrophilic phase (PH2) at a temperature less than or equal to forty-five degrees Celsius; - a step (240) of preservation of the hydrophilic phase (PH2) consisting of adding a preservative to said hydrophilic phase (PH2).

15. Cosmetic product characterized in that it comprises a fatty substance obtained from the extraction process (100, 200) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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