Wireless communication-based icing and vibration monitoring method and apparatus

Abstract

A wireless communication-based icing and vibration monitoring method. A power information set of a power supply module (16) is acquired by means of a power gauge (402), and on the basis of the power information set, a temperature sensing module (12) and an acceleration sensing module (13) are controlled to operate and corresponding temperature data and acceleration data are collected, so that on the basis of the temperature data and the power information set, an icing sensing module (14) can be controlled to operate and icing data is acquired, and a corresponding vibration parameter can be calculated on the basis of the obtained acceleration data, thereby achieving effective monitoring of icing thickness, temperature, and vibration on the surfaces of wind turbine blades. By controlling the operation of the icing sensing module on the basis of the temperature data, the icing sensing module operates only when the temperature data meets preset requirements, thereby reducing power consumption. A corresponding apparatus is also disclosed.

Description

An icing and vibration monitoring method and device based on wireless communication

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present disclosure claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411046547.5, filed on July 31, 2024, and entitled "An icing and vibration monitoring method and device based on wireless communication", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of wind turbine blade monitoring, in particular to an icing and vibration monitoring method and device based on wireless communication. BACKGROUND

[0004] Icing is a common natural phenomenon, and icing can cause serious harm to normal production and life. Icing on wind turbine blades can cause wind turbines to be unable to generate electricity normally, icing on power transmission and transformation equipment can cause the power grid to be unable to operate safely and stably, and icing on aircraft wings can cause aircraft to be unable to fly safely, etc. Current icing monitoring methods mainly include mechanical method / weight method, image method, and optical fiber sensing method, etc. The mechanical method / weight method calculates the icing thickness by measuring the strain or weight change of the measured object after icing. The image method obtains icing images through a camera or a drone and calculates the icing thickness by using image recognition technology. The optical fiber sensing method calculates the icing thickness by measuring the stress change of the measured object through a grating sensor or a distributed Brillouin scattering optical fiber sensor. In addition, there are some methods for measuring the icing thickness by measuring the change in vibration frequency or impedance of the iced object, but these methods have low measurement accuracy. The above monitoring devices generally use wired or wireless communication methods, and the overall running power consumption is generally high, which requires power supply through a power supply or a large-capacity solar panel combined with a storage battery. For some application scenarios such as wind turbine blades and aircraft wings, the traditional icing monitoring sensors and power supply systems with large volume cannot be arranged and are not suitable, and it is also difficult to implement wired power supply by arranging power supply lines. For the above scenarios, it is necessary to develop a monitoring device that does not require wiring for power supply, which not only requires a small volume of power supply system that does not affect the surface aerodynamic performance, but also requires the device to have extremely low running power consumption; the power consumption of wireless communication is generally high, which is greatly related to the communication distance and data transmission capacity. Therefore, it is of great technical difficulty to realize low-power running of the icing and vibration monitoring device. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides an icing and vibration monitoring method and device based on wireless communication to solve the problem of great technical difficulty in realizing low-power running of the icing and vibration monitoring device.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication, for a master module, the master module being connected with a temperature sensing module, an acceleration sensing module, an icing sensing module, a power meter and a power supply module, the power supply module including a battery, a solar panel, a charging and voltage conversion module; the method comprising:

[0007] receiving a power information set of the power supply module sent by the power meter, and based on the power information set, controlling the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module to run respectively; receiving temperature data sent by the temperature sensing module and acceleration data sent by the acceleration sensing module; based on the temperature data and the power information set, determining whether to control the icing sensing module to run; when the icing sensing module runs, receiving icing data of the device to be monitored sent by the icing sensing module; based on the acceleration data, determining vibration parameters of the device to be monitored.

[0008] The icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication provided by the present application acquires the power information set of the power supply module through the power meter, and controls the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module to run and collect corresponding temperature data and acceleration data according to the power information set, and then controls the icing sensing module to run and acquires icing data according to the temperature data and the power information set, and calculates corresponding vibration parameters according to the obtained acceleration data, thereby realizing effective monitoring of the icing thickness, temperature and vibration on the surface of the wind turbine blade. Further, the running of the icing sensing module is controlled by the temperature data, so that the icing sensing module only runs when the temperature data meets the preset requirements, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the master module includes a four-input three-output fuzzy controller; after the icing sensing module runs and receives the icing data of the device to be monitored sent by the icing sensing module, the method further comprises:

[0010] receiving residual power information sent by the power meter; based on the residual power information, adjusting the communication spreading factor, the transmission power, and the collection period of the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module and the icing sensing module by using the four-input three-output fuzzy controller to obtain a target communication spreading factor, a target transmission power and a target sensing collection period; based on the target communication spreading factor and the target transmission power, repeating the steps of receiving the power information set of the power supply module sent by the power meter and controlling the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module to run based on the power information set, until the target sensing collection period is met, stopping and obtaining multiple icing data and multiple acceleration data.

[0011] The ice and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication provided by the application can adjust the communication spreading factor, the transmission power and the collection period respectively by the residual power information obtained by using the four-input three-output fuzzy controller, and the data communication is carried out based on the target communication spreading factor and the target transmission power in the collection period, so that the extremely low power consumption is realized, and great progress is achieved in the ice measurement field.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, based on the residual power information, the four-input three-output fuzzy controller is used to adjust the communication spreading factor, the transmission power, and the collection period of the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module and the ice sensing module respectively, to obtain the target communication spreading factor, the target transmission power and the target sensing collection period, including:

[0013] The fuzzy set control rule is obtained, the residual power information range set, the communication spreading factor range set, the transmission power range set and the collection period range set are obtained, the fuzzy set control rule is used to make fuzzy decision in the four-input three-output fuzzy controller based on the residual power information range set, the communication spreading factor range set, the transmission power range set and the collection period range set, and the target communication spreading factor, the target transmission power and the target sensing collection period are obtained.

[0014] The ice and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication provided by the application can realize that different power corresponds to different communication spreading factor, transmission power and sensor collection period by making fuzzy decision by the fuzzy set control rule, and further realize the adjustment of the communication spreading factor, the transmission power and the sensor collection period, thereby providing support for reducing power consumption.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, based on the residual power information range set, the communication spreading factor range set, the transmission power range set and the collection period range set, the fuzzy set control rule is used to make fuzzy decision in the four-input three-output fuzzy controller, and the target communication spreading factor, the target transmission power and the target sensing collection period are obtained, including:

[0016] Determine a rule base fuzzy relation based on the fuzzy set control rule; determine a plurality of quantization factors based on the residual power information range set, the communication spread spectrum factor range set, the transmission power range set and the collection cycle range set; use the plurality of quantization factors to respectively transform the real-time residual power information, the real-time communication spread spectrum factor, the real-time transmission power and the real-time collection cycle to obtain a residual power fuzzy input variable set, a communication spread spectrum factor fuzzy input variable set, a transmission power fuzzy input variable set and a collection cycle fuzzy input variable set; respectively input the residual power fuzzy input variable set, the communication spread spectrum factor fuzzy input variable set, the transmission power fuzzy input variable set and the collection cycle fuzzy input variable set into a four-input three-output fuzzy controller for fuzzy processing to obtain a residual power fuzzy set, a communication spread spectrum factor fuzzy set, a transmission power fuzzy set and a collection cycle fuzzy set; use the four-input three-output fuzzy controller to obtain a communication spread spectrum factor output set, a transmission power output set and a collection cycle output set based on the rule base fuzzy relation, the residual power fuzzy set, the communication spread spectrum factor fuzzy set, the transmission power fuzzy set and the collection cycle fuzzy set through fuzzy reasoning and barycentric method processing; and use a proportional factor to respectively transform the communication spread spectrum factor output set, the transmission power output set and the collection cycle output set into actual control quantities to obtain a target communication spread spectrum factor, a target transmission power and a target sensing collection cycle.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the master control module is further connected with a wireless communication module; the method further comprises: sending the vibration parameter, the temperature data and the icing data to a corresponding host computer through the wireless communication module.

[0018] In a second aspect, the application provides an icing and vibration monitoring device based on wireless communication, which comprises: a master control module, a temperature sensing module, an acceleration sensing module, an icing sensing module, a power meter, a power supply module and a circuit board; the master control module, the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, the icing sensing module, the power meter and the power supply module are integrated on the circuit board.

[0019] The power supply module is used for supplying power to the master control module, the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, the icing sensing module and the power meter respectively; the power meter is connected with the power supply module and the master control module respectively, and is used for obtaining a power information set of the power supply module and sending the power information set to the master control module; the temperature sensing module is used for collecting temperature data of the device to be monitored; the acceleration sensing module is used for collecting acceleration data of the device to be monitored; the icing sensing module is used for collecting icing data of the device to be monitored; the master control module comprises a four-input three-output fuzzy controller, and is used for executing the icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication of the first aspect or any of the corresponding embodiments.

[0020] The wireless communication based icing and vibration monitoring device provided by the application integrates and packages three sensors, i.e., an icing sensor, a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor, on a circuit board, without any external or additionally arranged probe or independent sensor, and simultaneously, the wireless communication based icing and vibration monitoring method of the first aspect or any of the corresponding embodiments thereof is executed by the master control module, effective monitoring of the icing thickness, temperature and vibration of the surface of the wind turbine blade is realized, and the power consumption is reduced.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, the power supply module comprises a battery, a solar panel, a charging and voltage conversion module;

[0022] The data interface of the battery is connected with the power meter, and the power supply interface is connected with the charging and voltage conversion module; the solar panel is used for receiving solar energy and converting the solar panel into electric energy; the battery is used for storing the electric energy transmitted by the solar panel and transmitting the electric energy to the power meter through the charging and voltage conversion module.

[0023] The wireless communication based icing and vibration monitoring device provided by the application can store the electric energy converted by the solar panel through the battery, and then transmit the electric energy to the power meter through the charging and voltage conversion module, thereby providing support for subsequent data acquisition.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the device further comprises a wireless communication module connected with the master control module and the corresponding host computer respectively.

[0025] The wireless communication based icing and vibration monitoring device provided by the application can realize the communication connection between the master control module and the corresponding host computer through the separately arranged wireless communication module.

[0026] In a third aspect, the application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions for making a computer execute the wireless communication based icing and vibration monitoring method of the first aspect or any of the corresponding embodiments thereof.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, the application provides a computer program product comprising computer instructions for making a computer execute the wireless communication based icing and vibration monitoring method of the first aspect or any of the corresponding embodiments thereof.

[0028] In a fifth aspect, the application provides a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, which are communicatively connected with each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the wireless communication based icing and vibration monitoring method of the first aspect or any of the corresponding embodiments thereof by executing the computer instructions. Advantages:

[0029] The above technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the power information set of the power supply module is obtained by the power meter, and the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module are controlled to run and collect corresponding temperature data and acceleration data according to the power information set, and then the icing sensing module is controlled to run and obtain icing data according to the temperature data and the power information set, and the corresponding vibration parameters can be calculated according to the obtained acceleration data, thereby realizing effective monitoring of the icing thickness, temperature and vibration of the surface of the wind turbine blade. Further, the running of the icing sensing module is controlled by the temperature data, so that the icing sensing module only runs when the temperature data meets the preset requirements, thereby reducing power consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0031] Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of an icing and vibration monitoring device based on wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Fig. 3 is a flowchart of another icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Fig. 4 is a flowchart of still another icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of an icing and vibration monitoring device based on wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a low-power communication and control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Fig. 7 is a hardware structure diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0039] The embodiment of the present application provides an icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication. The temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, the icing sensing module, the power meter and the power supply module connected with the master control module realize effective monitoring of the icing thickness, temperature and vibration on the surface of the wind turbine blade. Further, the operation of the icing sensing module is controlled by the temperature data, so that the icing sensing module only operates when the temperature data meets the preset requirements, thereby reducing the power consumption.

[0040] According to the embodiment of the present application, an icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0041] In the present embodiment, an icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication is provided, which can be used for the master control module 11. As shown in FIG. 1, the master control module 11 is connected with the temperature sensing module 12, the acceleration sensing module 13, the icing sensing module 14, the power meter 15 and the power supply module 16 respectively. The power supply module 16 includes a battery 161, a solar panel 162, a charging and voltage conversion module 163; the master control module 11 includes a four-input three-output fuzzy controller 111.

[0042] Among them, the temperature sensing module 12 integrates a wide range of low-power temperature sensor, which can adapt to the lowest-40℃ icing environment, and can collect corresponding temperature data; the acceleration sensing module 13 integrates a three-axis accelerometer sensor, which can collect corresponding acceleration data; the icing sensing module 14 integrates an electrode type icing measurement sensor, which can obtain corresponding icing data.

[0043] Specifically, the data interface of the battery 161 is connected with the power meter 15, and the power interface is connected with the charging and voltage conversion module 163. In the present embodiment, the battery 161 adopts a pasted storage battery suitable for the lowest-40℃ low temperature environment, which has higher adaptability to extreme environment, and can be applied to icing monitoring scenes such as wind turbine blades, aircraft wings, roads and bridges.

[0044] The data interface of the battery 161 is a connection point for transmitting data, and is usually used for communication with external devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, etc.) to realize the exchange and transmission of data. Through the data interface, the device can read the state information of the battery (such as the power, the health status, etc.), and can also send instructions to the battery, such as charging, discharging, etc.

[0045] Further, the power supply interface of the battery 161 is a connection point for power supply, and is usually connected with external devices to provide power supply. When the device is connected to the battery through the power supply interface, the battery can provide power for it to work normally.

[0046] Further, the power supply module 16 is used to supply power to the power gauge 15.

[0047] Specifically, the solar panel 162 receives solar energy and converts it into electrical energy.

[0048] Further, the battery 161 has energy storage capability and can efficiently accumulate the electrical energy captured and converted by the solar panel 162. Further, when power supply is needed, the charging and voltage conversion module 163 can supply the required electrical energy to the power gauge 15 through charging and voltage conversion, ensuring that it operates stably and continuously.

[0049] The charging and voltage conversion module 163 is used for voltage size conversion and battery charging and discharging control.

[0050] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the flow includes the following steps:

[0051] In step S201, the power information set of the power supply module sent by the power gauge is received, and the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module are respectively controlled to operate based on the power information set.

[0052] The power information set can include the current remaining power and the chargeable power of the battery 161. The chargeable power is used to represent the health status of the battery 161.

[0053] Specifically, the power gauge 15 receives the power information set delivered by the battery 161 through the charging and voltage conversion module 163, and sends the power information set to the main control module 11.

[0054] Further, after receiving the power information set, the main control module 11 can obtain the actual power of the battery 161 in combination with the current remaining power and the chargeable power in the power information set. Further, the actual power is compared with the safe working power threshold value, and if the actual power is greater than the safe working power threshold value, the main control module 11 sends control instructions to the temperature sensing module 12 and the acceleration sensing module 13 respectively and controls the operation of the temperature sensing module 12 and the acceleration sensing module 13.

[0055] Step S202, receiving temperature data sent by the temperature sensing module and acceleration data sent by the acceleration sensing module.

[0056] Specifically, after receiving the control instruction sent by the master module 11, the temperature sensing module 12 starts running and collects the temperature data of the wind turbine blade in real time under the control of the control instruction.

[0057] Further, the temperature sensing module 12 feeds back the real-time collected temperature data to the master module 11 in real time.

[0058] Further, after receiving the control instruction sent by the master module 11, the acceleration sensing module 13 starts running and collects the acceleration data of the wind turbine blade in real time under the control of the control instruction.

[0059] Further, the acceleration sensing module 13 feeds back the real-time collected acceleration data to the master module 11 in real time through the wireless communication module 111.

[0060] Step S203, determining whether to control the icing sensing module to run based on the temperature data and the power information set.

[0061] Specifically, the working mode can be determined according to the received temperature data, and then when the received temperature is lower than the preset icing temperature, such as in winter, the icing mode is entered, at this time, the master module 11 sends a control instruction to the icing sensing module 14 in combination with the power information set and controls the running of the icing sensing module 14.

[0062] Further, if the received temperature is greater than the preset icing temperature, such as in summer, the icing sensor power is disconnected and does not work, at this time, the master module 11 controls the icing sensing module 14 to be closed, and then only the temperature sensing module 12 and the acceleration sensing module 13 are used for data collection, reducing the invalid power consumption.

[0063] Step S204, when the icing sensing module runs, receiving the icing data of the to-be-monitored device sent by the icing sensing module.

[0064] The to-be-monitored device can be a fan blade, an airplane wing, a road, a bridge, etc.

[0065] Specifically, under the control of the control instruction, the icing sensing module 14 starts running and collects the corresponding icing data in real time, and feeds back the collected icing data to the master module 11 in real time.

[0066] Step S205, determining the vibration parameter of the to-be-monitored device based on the acceleration data.

[0067] Specifically, after receiving the acceleration data sent by the acceleration sensing module 13, the main control module 11 can convert and calculate the corresponding vibration parameters according to the acceleration-time relationship.

[0068] Further, the vibration parameters can reflect the dynamic response of the wind turbine blade under icing conditions, and therefore, the obtained vibration parameters can also provide auxiliary judgment for icing calculation.

[0069] Specifically, the obtained vibration parameters can be used to preliminarily judge the icing condition. For example, when the surface of the structure is covered with a layer of ice, the vibration frequency of the structure will tend to decrease and the amplitude will increase. This is because the existence of the ice layer increases the mass and damping of the structure, thereby changing its vibration characteristics. By analyzing these changes, the icing condition of the structure surface can be inferred, and corresponding maintenance and reinforcement measures can be developed accordingly.

[0070] Step S206, receiving the residual power information sent by the power meter.

[0071] Specifically, after completing the data collection through steps S201 to S205, the power meter 15 continues to obtain the residual power information of the power supply module 16.

[0072] Further, the power meter 15 can send the residual power information to the main control module 11.

[0073] Step S207, based on the residual power information, using a four-input three-output fuzzy controller to adjust the communication spreading factor, the transmission power, and the collection period of the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, and the icing sensing module, respectively, to obtain the target communication spreading factor, the target transmission power, and the target sensing collection period.

[0074] Specifically, in combination with the obtained residual power information, the four-input three-output fuzzy controller 111 in the main control module 11 can be used to automatically adjust the communication spreading factor of the main control module 11, the transmission power, and the collection period of the temperature sensing module 12, the acceleration sensing module 13, and the icing sensing module 14.

[0075] Step S208, based on the target communication spreading factor and the target transmission power, repeatedly receiving the power information set of the power supply module sent by the power meter, and based on the power information set, respectively controlling the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module to operate until the target sensing collection period is met, and obtaining multiple icing data and multiple acceleration data.

[0076] Specifically, after the target communication spreading factor, the target transmission power and the target sensing acquisition period are obtained, i.e. the configuration is completed, the main control module 11 enters a low-power sleep state for a corresponding time length according to the target sensing acquisition period, the power of all sensors is turned off, the timing time is up, the main control module 11 exits the sleep state, and the above steps S201 to S205 are cycled on the basis of the target communication spreading factor and the target transmission power until the target sensing acquisition period is met and the collection is stopped.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the flow includes the following steps:

[0078] In step S209, the vibration parameters, the temperature data and the icing data are sent to the corresponding host computer through the wireless communication module.

[0079] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the main control module 11 is also connected with the wireless communication module 18.

[0080] Further, through the wireless communication module 18, the main control module 11 can send the obtained vibration parameters, temperature data and icing data to the corresponding host computer 2.

[0081] The icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication provided in the embodiment can obtain the power information set of the power supply module through the power meter, control the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module to operate and collect corresponding temperature data and acceleration data according to the power information set, further control the icing sensing module to operate and obtain icing data according to the temperature data and the power information set, and calculate corresponding vibration parameters according to the obtained acceleration data, thereby effectively monitoring the icing thickness, temperature and vibration on the surface of the wind turbine blade. Further, the operation of the icing sensing module is controlled by the temperature data, so that the icing sensing module only operates when the temperature data meets the preset requirement, thereby reducing the power consumption.

[0082] In the embodiment, an icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication is provided, which can be used for a main control module 11. As shown in FIG. 1, the main control module 11 is connected with a temperature sensing module 12, an acceleration sensing module 13, an icing sensing module 14, a power meter 15 and a power supply module 16, respectively. The power supply module 16 includes a battery 161, a solar panel 162, a charging and voltage conversion module 163; and the main control module 11 includes a four-input three-output fuzzy controller 111.

[0083] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication according to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, the flow includes the following steps:

[0084] Step S401, receiving the power information set of the power supply module sent by the power meter, and controlling the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module to run respectively based on the power information set. For details, please refer to step S201 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0085] Step S402, receiving the temperature data sent by the temperature sensing module and the acceleration data sent by the acceleration sensing module. For details, please refer to step S202 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0086] Step S403, judging whether to control the icing sensing module to run based on the temperature data and the power information set. For details, please refer to step S203 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0087] Step S404, when the icing sensing module runs, receiving the icing data of the device to be monitored sent by the icing sensing module. For details, please refer to step S204 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0088] Step S405, determining the vibration parameter of the device to be monitored based on the acceleration data. For details, please refer to step S205 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] Step S406, obtaining the remaining power information. For details, please refer to step S206 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0090] Step S407, based on the remaining power information, using a four-input three-output fuzzy controller to adjust the communication spreading factor, the transmission power, and the collection period of the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, and the icing sensing module respectively, to obtain the target communication spreading factor, the target transmission power, and the target sensing collection period.

[0091] Specifically, the above step S407 includes:

[0092] Step S4071, obtaining the fuzzy set control rule.

[0093] Specifically, the fuzzy set control rule is as follows:

[0094] (1) Implementing the remaining power rule, dividing the power C% into 8 grades, such as C = 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90;

[0095] (2) Implementing the communication spreading factor rule, dividing the spreading factor SF into 8 grades, such as SF = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12;

[0096] (3) Implementing the transmission power rule, dividing the transmission power Pt into 8 grades, such as Pt = 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 dBm;

[0097] (4) Implement sensor acquisition cycle rules and divide the sensor acquisition cycle T into 8 levels, such as T = T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T7, T7, T8.

[0098] By using the above rules to make fuzzy decisions, different power levels can correspond to different communication spread spectrum factors, transmission power, and sensor acquisition cycles.

[0099] Among them, the role of the communication spreading factor SF is to affect the transmission time together with the bandwidth BW and the coding rate R, as shown in the following relationship (1):

[0100] Furthermore, the sensor's acquisition period T is shown in the following equation (2):

[0101] The bandwidth BW is fixed, and the larger the communication spreading factor SF, the longer the transmission time. The longer the transmission time, the longer the transmission duration and the higher the power consumption.

[0102] Furthermore, the role of the transmission power Pt is to influence the transmission distance d together with other hardware parameters, as shown in the following relationship (3):

[0103] In the formula: Pr represents receiver sensitivity; Gt represents transmit antenna gain; Gr represents receiver gain; f represents carrier frequency; c represents speed of light; Lc represents feeder insertion loss of base station transmit antenna; L0 represents air loss caused by environment.

[0104] Here, f is a radio frequency hardware attribute that cannot be adjusted during operation. Keeping other constants unchanged, the larger the transmit power Pt, the larger the transmit distance d, and the greater the power consumption. However, the required distance for wind turbine blades is often within 250 to 300 meters. Therefore, the negative adjustment of transmit power is of great significance for reducing power consumption. A power difference of 15dBm to 22dBm will result in a power consumption difference of 60-40mA.

[0105] Furthermore, the sensor's acquisition period T is the duration for which the main control module enters the low-power mode. The longer this duration, the lower the average power consumption. This parameter needs to be set according to the actual situation and should be as short as possible.

[0106] Step S4072: Obtain the remaining power information range set, the communication spreading factor range set, the transmit power range set, and the acquisition period range set.

[0107] Specifically, by combining the packet loss prevention mechanism, the remaining battery power C, communication spreading factor SF, transmit power Pt, and acquisition period T are determined in real time, and the corresponding remaining battery power information range set [C] is determined. L C H], Communication spreading factor range set [SF L ,SF H ], Transmit power range set [C L C H ] and the collection period range set [Pt L ,Pt H ].

[0108] Among them, the packet loss prevention mechanism can be used to improve the reliability of wireless communication. Specifically, the lowest level corresponds to the lowest power consumption. In particular, the transmission power has the greatest impact on the packet transmission success rate. Different levels have different effects on data loss. Therefore, different levels are set with corresponding impact factors β, as shown in the following relationship (4):

[0109] Furthermore, lower power consumption corresponds to a higher probability of packet loss. Based on the influencing factor, packet loss can be avoided by increasing the number of data transmissions.

[0110] Step S4073: Based on the remaining power information range set, the communication spreading factor range set, the transmission power range set, and the acquisition period range set, fuzzy decision-making is performed in a four-input three-output fuzzy controller using fuzzy set control to obtain the target communication spreading factor, the target transmission power, and the target sensing acquisition period.

[0111] Specifically, the input variables of the four-input three-output fuzzy controller 111 are defined as the remaining battery power C, the communication spreading factor SF, the transmit power Pt, and the acquisition period T; the output variables are the target communication spreading factor uSF, the target transmit power uPt, and the target sensing acquisition period uT; and its universe of discourse is defined as a finite integer discrete universe of discourse. Membership function The design is triangular, as shown in the following equation (5):

[0112] Furthermore, in the membership function shown in the above relation (2) Based on this, combined with the remaining power information range set [C L C H ], Communication spreading factor range set [SF L ,SF H ], Transmit power range set [C L C H ] and the collection period range set [Pt L ,Pt H The corresponding output variables are obtained by using fuzzy set control rules to make fuzzy decisions, namely the target communication spreading factor uSF, the target transmit power uPt, and the target sensing acquisition period uT.

[0113] In some optional implementations, step S4073 above includes:

[0114] Step a1: Determine the fuzzy relationships in the rule base based on the fuzzy set control rules.

[0115] Step a2: Based on the remaining power information range set, the communication spread spectrum factor range set, the transmit power range set, and the acquisition period range set, determine multiple quantization factors.

[0116] Step a3: Using multiple quantization factors, the real-time remaining power information, real-time communication spread spectrum factor, real-time transmission power, and real-time acquisition period are transformed to obtain the fuzzy input variable set of remaining power, the fuzzy input variable set of communication spread spectrum factor, the fuzzy input variable set of transmission power, and the fuzzy input variable set of acquisition period.

[0117] Step a4: Input the remaining power fuzzy input variable set, the communication spreading factor fuzzy input variable set, the transmit power fuzzy input variable set, and the acquisition period fuzzy input variable set into the four-input three-output fuzzy controller for fuzzification processing to obtain the remaining power fuzzy set, the communication spreading factor fuzzy set, the transmit power fuzzy set, and the acquisition period fuzzy set.

[0118] Step a5: Using a four-input three-output fuzzy controller, based on the fuzzy relationship of the rule base, the fuzzy set of remaining power, the fuzzy set of communication spreading factor, the fuzzy set of transmission power, and the fuzzy set of acquisition period, and through fuzzy inference and centroid method processing, the output set of communication spreading factor, transmission power, and acquisition period are obtained.

[0119] Step a6: Using the scaling factor, the output sets of the communication spread spectrum factor, the transmission power, and the acquisition period are converted into actual control quantities to obtain the target communication spread spectrum factor, the target transmission power, and the target sensing acquisition period.

[0120] First, the remaining power information range set [C] is determined by a quantization factor. L C H ], Communication spreading factor range set [SF L ,SF H ], Transmit power range set [C L C H ] and the collection period range set [Pt L ,Pt H The inputs are transformed into fuzzy inputs E1, E2, E3, and E4 of the four-input three-output fuzzy controller 111, namely, the fuzzy input set of remaining power E1, the fuzzy input set of communication spreading factor E2, the fuzzy input set of transmission power E3, and the fuzzy input set of acquisition period E4.

[0121] Furthermore, taking the transformation of E1 and E2 as an example, the domains of E1 and E2 are defined as discrete domains of finite integers as shown in the following relations (6) and (7): E1:{-m,-m+1,…,-1,0,1,…,m-1,m} (6) E2:{-n,-n+1,…,-1,0,1,…,n-1,n} (7)

[0122] Among them, the quantization factor k of the electricity c Quantization factor k of the communication spreading factor SF The following relationships (8) and (9) are shown:

[0123] Furthermore, the inputs C and SF are converted into fuzzy inputs E1 and E2, respectively, as shown in the following relations (10) and (11):

[0124] Furthermore, the fuzzy inputs E1 and E2 are fuzzified to obtain the corresponding fuzzy sets A and B. Simultaneously, based on the control rules, the fuzzy relation R for the entire rule base is obtained. all The fuzzy output V can be obtained using fuzzy inference, as shown in the following relation (12):

[0125] Furthermore, the fuzzy output V is clarified by using the centroid method for fuzzy decision-making, and the precise output U of the corresponding controller is calculated, as shown in the following relationship (13):

[0126] Use the scaling factor k uSF The actual control quantity is converted as shown in the following relationship (14):

[0127] Wherein, the scaling factor k uSF The following relation (15) is shown:

[0128] Furthermore, referring to the above process, the final target communication spreading factor uSF, target transmit power uPt, and target sensing acquisition period uT can be obtained respectively.

[0129] Step S408 involves repeatedly acquiring the power information set based on the target communication spreading factor and target transmit power, until the icing sensor module operates and receives the icing data sent by the icing sensor module, and then stopping when the target sensing acquisition cycle is met, thus obtaining multiple icing data and multiple acceleration data. For details, please refer to step S208 of the embodiment shown in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0130] The icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication provided in this embodiment can achieve different communication spreading factors, transmission power, and sensor acquisition cycles corresponding to different power levels through fuzzy decision-making using fuzzy set control rules. This enables the adjustment of the communication spreading factor, transmission power, and sensor acquisition cycle. Furthermore, within the acquisition cycle, data is acquired based on the adjusted target communication spreading factor and target transmission power, achieving extremely low power consumption. This method has significant implications for the field of icing measurement.

[0131] This embodiment provides an icing and vibration monitoring device based on wireless communication, as shown in Figure 1. The icing and vibration monitoring device 1 based on wireless communication includes: a main control module 11, a temperature sensing module 12, an acceleration sensing module 13, an icing sensing module 14, a fuel meter 15, a power supply module 16, a circuit board 17, and a wireless communication module 18.

[0132] Specifically, the circuit board 17 serves as the electrical structure carrier for the main control module 11, temperature sensing module 12, acceleration sensing module 13, icing sensing module 14, fuel gauge 15, and power supply module 16, carrying and electrically connecting each module.

[0133] Furthermore, the power meter is connected to the power supply module 16 and the main control module 11, respectively.

[0134] Furthermore, the wireless communication module 18 is connected to the main control module 11 and the host computer 2 respectively.

[0135] Furthermore, the power supply module 16 includes a battery 161, a solar panel 162, and a charging and voltage conversion module 163; the main control module 11 includes a four-input three-output fuzzy controller 111.

[0136] Optionally, a power supply module 16 is provided to supply power to the main control module 11, temperature sensing module 12, acceleration sensing module 13, icing sensing module 14 and fuel gauge 15 respectively.

[0137] Optionally, the power meter 15 is connected to the power supply module 16 and the main control module 11 respectively, and is used to obtain the power information set of the power supply module 16 and send the power information set to the main control module 11.

[0138] Optionally, the temperature sensing module 12 is used to collect temperature data of the device to be monitored.

[0139] Optionally, the acceleration sensing module 13 is used to collect acceleration data of the device under monitoring.

[0140] Optionally, the icing sensor module 14 is used to collect icing data of the device to be monitored.

[0141] Optionally, the main control module 11 can run the main program of the entire device to perform global control of the device and execute the icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication provided in the above embodiments of the present invention.

[0142] Furthermore, the entire wireless communication-based icing and vibration monitoring device can be encapsulated using a packaging carrier to isolate the device's circuitry, sensors, and circuit boards from the outside world, thereby achieving waterproofing, dustproofing, and protection of electronic components.

[0143] The icing and vibration monitoring device based on wireless communication provided in this embodiment integrates and packages three sensors—an icing sensor, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor—onto a circuit board. It eliminates the need for any external or separately placed probes or sensors. It can directly utilize icing data while simultaneously providing temperature and acceleration data for conversion and calculation to obtain vibration-related parameters of the wind turbine blades, achieving effective monitoring of icing thickness, temperature, and vibration on the wind turbine blade surface. Furthermore, the control module controls the operation of the icing sensing module based on temperature data, ensuring that the icing sensing module only operates when the temperature data meets preset requirements, thus reducing power consumption. Moreover, by setting a four-input, three-output fuzzy controller within the main control module, the communication spreading factor, transmission power, and sensor acquisition cycle can be adjusted, achieving extremely low power consumption for the device.

[0144] In one example, a wireless communication-based icing and vibration monitoring device is provided, as shown in Figure 5, including: a battery 401, a fuel gauge 402, a temperature sensing module 403, an acceleration sensing module 404, an icing sensing module 405, a solar panel 406, a main control module 407, and a charging and voltage conversion module 408.

[0145] Among them, battery 401 is a surface-mounted battery, the data interface is connected to fuel meter 402 to obtain battery data, and the power interface is connected to charging and voltage conversion module 408 to store the electrical energy of solar panel.

[0146] Furthermore, the fuel gauge 402 is connected to the main control module via an I2C port, and outputs battery power information to the main control module;

[0147] Furthermore, when the temperature sensing module 403 is working, it monitors the temperature data at the installation location of this device and transmits the temperature data to the main control module through the I2C port;

[0148] Furthermore, when the acceleration sensing module 404 is working, it monitors the acceleration data at the installation location of this device and transmits the acceleration data to the main control module through the I2C port;

[0149] Furthermore, when the icing sensor module 405 is working, it monitors the icing-related data at the installation location of the device and transmits the icing-related data to the main control module through the I2C port.

[0150] Furthermore, the solar panel 406 is an energy conversion module that converts light energy into electrical energy and sends it to the charging and voltage conversion module 408;

[0151] Furthermore, the main control module 407 includes a main control section and a low-power wireless communication wireless data transceiver section. The data processing control section controls the power switches of each working module and receives the sensor data uploaded by each module and processes it into the data format required by the terminal. The low-power wireless communication wireless data receiving section receives terminal instructions and sends sensor data through the radio frequency components within the module.

[0152] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2, the icing and vibration monitoring device based on wireless communication is located on the circuit board 301. The circuit board 301 serves as the electrical structure carrier of the main body of the device, carrying and electrically connecting the various modules.

[0153] Furthermore, the encapsulation carrier 302 encapsulates the entire device, isolating the device circuitry, sensors, and circuit boards from the outside world to achieve waterproofing, dustproofing, and protection of electronic components.

[0154] The icing and vibration monitoring device based on wireless communication provided in this example has the following effects:

[0155] 1. It integrates and encapsulates three sensors—an icing sensor, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor—on a board-level carrier, eliminating the need for any external or separately arranged probes or independent sensors. It can directly use the icing thickness while providing temperature data, triaxial acceleration, and their derived data for conversion and transformation to obtain vibration-related parameters of the monitored object. This provides auxiliary judgment for icing calculations, resulting in higher integration and data diversity, thus improving the accuracy of icing data from multiple dimensions.

[0156] 2. By adopting a wide range of temperature sensors and batteries, it can adapt to icing environments as low as -40℃, and has higher adaptability to extreme environments. It can be applied to icing monitoring scenarios such as wind turbine blades, aircraft wings, roads, and bridges.

[0157] Furthermore, in another example, a low-power communication and control method for the wireless communication-based icing and vibration monitoring device shown in Figure 5 is provided, as shown in Figure 6, including the following steps:

[0158] Step S1: After installing the integrated icing and vibration monitoring device, it begins operation. The fuel gauge monitors the remaining battery power and battery health status, and sends two indicators back to the main controller. The remaining battery power represents the amount of chargeable battery power, while the battery health status is the amount of chargeable battery power calculated by the fuel gauge. Combining these indicators, the actual battery power can be calculated. The main controller controls the power switch based on a threshold. When the battery power is greater than the safe operating power, the sensor starts collecting data; otherwise, it does not collect data. The device waits for the solar panel on the device to charge. When the battery power is above the preset threshold, the battery outputs power to the device, and the device begins normal operation.

[0159] Step S2: Read the temperature and determine the working mode based on the ambient temperature. When the temperature is lower than the icing temperature, such as in winter when ice can form, enter the icing mode and the icing sensor will collect data in the working cycle. Otherwise, such as in the high temperature of summer when ice will not form at all, the icing sensor will be powered off and will not work. It will only collect temperature and acceleration data to reduce unnecessary power consumption.

[0160] Step S3: Read the acceleration and calculate the vibration parameters based on the acceleration-time relationship.

[0161] Step S4: Low-power communication: After data acquisition is completed, the communication spreading factor, transmission power, and sensor acquisition cycle are automatically adjusted according to the remaining power. The adjustment can be achieved by using methods such as classical fuzzy control algorithms, that is, the communication spreading factor, transmission power, and sensor acquisition cycle are modified and configured through different power control rules.

[0162] Specifically, the fuzzy controller needs to implement fuzzy set control rules to make fuzzy decisions and then output antifuzzy results. Therefore, the following fuzzy sets need to be implemented:

[0163] S41: Implement the remaining battery power rules, dividing the battery power C% into 8 levels, such as C = 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90;

[0164] S42: Implement the communication spreading factor rules, dividing the spreading factor SF into 8 levels, such as SF = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12;

[0165] S43: Implement the transmit power rule, dividing the transmit power Pt into 8 levels, such as Pt = 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 dBm;

[0166] S44: Implement sensor acquisition cycle rules, dividing the sensor acquisition cycle T into 8 levels, such as T = T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T7, T7, T8;

[0167] Fuzzy decision-making is performed using the above rules, thereby enabling different communication spread spectrum factors, transmission power, and sensor acquisition cycles to correspond to different power levels. For a detailed description, please refer to step S4071 above; it will not be repeated here.

[0168] Furthermore, to improve the reliability of wireless communication, a mechanism for preventing frequent packet loss is proposed. For a detailed description, please refer to step S4071 above; it will not be repeated here.

[0169] Step S5: Configuration complete. Based on the sensor acquisition cycle, the main control module enters a low-power sleep state for the corresponding duration, all sensor power is turned off, and the main control module exits sleep mode when the timer expires.

[0170] Step S6: Enter the loop working mode and run the S2, S3, S4, and S5 processes again.

[0171] Furthermore, in step S4, this example constructs a four-input three-output fuzzy controller and implements fuzzy set control rules for fuzzy decision-making. The specific process is described in step S4073 above and will not be repeated here.

[0172] The low-power communication and control method provided in this example, based on the board-level integration of the icing and vibration monitoring device, achieves extremely low power consumption by designing the control and communication technologies of the monitoring device with low power consumption. The peak transmission current is only 60-120mA, and the normal operating current is 6mA, which has a very high advantage in low power consumption. Compared with other high-power communication solutions such as battery arrays, large-capacity batteries, 4G, and WIFI, this method has great progressive significance in the field of icing measurement.

[0173] This invention also provides a computer device for executing the wireless communication-based icing and vibration monitoring method shown in Figures 2 to 4.

[0174] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of a computer device according to an optional embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7, the computer device includes one or more processors 10, a memory 20, and interfaces for connecting the various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. The various components communicate with each other using different buses and can be mounted on a common motherboard or otherwise installed as needed. The processors can process instructions executed within the computer device, including instructions stored in or on memory to display graphical information of a GUI on an external input / output device (such as a display device coupled to the interface). In some optional embodiments, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used with multiple memories and multiple memory modules, if desired. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, each providing some of the necessary operations (e.g., as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multiprocessor system). Figure 7 uses one processor 10 as an example.

[0175] Processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. Processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device (CAMP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose array logic (GPA), or any combination thereof.

[0176] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10 to cause at least one processor 10 to perform the method shown in the above embodiments.

[0177] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created based on the use of the computer device. Furthermore, the memory 20 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some alternative embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0178] The memory 20 may include volatile memory, such as random access memory; the memory may also include non-volatile memory, such as flash memory, hard disk or solid-state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0179] The computer device also includes a communication interface 30 for communicating with other devices or communication networks.

[0180] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code, which, when accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, implements the methods shown in the above embodiments.

[0181] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0182] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims. Industrial applicability

[0183] This disclosure provides a wireless communication-based method for monitoring icing and vibration. Through a temperature sensing module, an acceleration sensing module, an icing sensing module, a fuel gauge, and a power supply module connected to a main control module, it effectively monitors the icing thickness, temperature, and vibration on the surface of wind turbine blades. Furthermore, by controlling the operation of the icing sensing module using temperature data, the module operates only when the temperature data meets preset requirements, reducing power consumption and demonstrating strong industrial applicability.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring icing and vibration based on wireless communication, characterized in that, The main control module is connected to a temperature sensing module, an acceleration sensing module, an icing sensing module, a fuel gauge, and a power supply module. The fuel gauge is connected to the power supply module, which includes a battery, a solar panel, and a charging and voltage conversion module. The method includes: The power supply module receives a power information set from the power meter and controls the operation of the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module based on the power information set. Receive temperature data sent by the temperature sensing module and acceleration data sent by the acceleration sensing module; Based on the temperature data and the power information set, determine whether to control the operation of the icing sensor module; When the icing sensing module is running, it receives icing data of the device to be monitored sent by the icing sensing module; The vibration parameters of the device to be monitored are determined based on the acceleration data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module includes a four-input, three-output fuzzy controller; When the icing sensing module is running, after receiving the icing data of the device to be monitored sent by the icing sensing module, the method further includes: Receive the remaining battery power information sent by the fuel gauge; Based on the remaining power information, the four-input three-output fuzzy controller is used to adjust the communication spreading factor, transmission power, and the acquisition period of the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, and the icing sensing module, respectively, to obtain the target communication spreading factor, target transmission power, and target sensing acquisition period. Based on the target communication spreading factor and the target transmission power, the process involves repeatedly receiving the power information set of the power supply module sent by the power meter, and controlling the operation of the temperature sensing module and the acceleration sensing module based on the power information set, until the icing sensing module is running and receiving the icing data of the device to be monitored sent by the icing sensing module, until the target sensing acquisition cycle is met and multiple icing data and multiple acceleration data are obtained.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the remaining battery power information, the four-input three-output fuzzy controller is used to adjust the communication spreading factor, transmission power, and the acquisition periods of the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, and the icing sensing module, respectively, to obtain the target communication spreading factor, target transmission power, and target sensing acquisition period, including: Obtain fuzzy set control rules; Acquire the range set of remaining battery power information, the range set of communication spreading factor, the range set of transmit power, and the range set of acquisition period; Based on the remaining power information range set, the communication spreading factor range set, the transmit power range set, and the acquisition period range set, fuzzy decision-making is performed in the four-input three-output fuzzy controller using the fuzzy set control rules to obtain the target communication spreading factor, the target transmit power, and the target sensing acquisition period.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the remaining battery power information range set, the communication spreading factor range set, the transmit power range set, and the acquisition period range set, fuzzy decision-making is performed within the four-input three-output fuzzy controller using the fuzzy set control rules to obtain the target communication spreading factor, the target transmit power, and the target sensing acquisition period, including: The fuzzy relationships in the rule base are determined based on the fuzzy set control rules. Based on the remaining power information range set, the communication spreading factor range set, the transmit power range set, and the acquisition period range set, multiple quantization factors are determined; Using the multiple quantization factors, the real-time remaining power information, real-time communication spread spectrum factor, real-time transmission power and real-time acquisition period are transformed respectively to obtain the fuzzy input variable set of remaining power, the fuzzy input variable set of communication spread spectrum factor, the fuzzy input variable set of transmission power and the fuzzy input variable set of acquisition period. The remaining power fuzzy input variable set, the communication spreading factor fuzzy input variable set, the transmit power fuzzy input variable set, and the acquisition period fuzzy input variable set are respectively input into the four-input three-output fuzzy controller for fuzzification processing to obtain the remaining power fuzzy set, the communication spreading factor fuzzy set, the transmit power fuzzy set, and the acquisition period fuzzy set; Using the four-input three-output fuzzy controller, based on the fuzzy relationship of the rule base, the fuzzy set of the remaining power, the fuzzy set of the communication spreading factor, the fuzzy set of the transmit power, and the fuzzy set of the acquisition period, the communication spreading factor output set, the transmit power output set, and the acquisition period output set are obtained through fuzzy inference and centroid method processing. The target communication spreading factor, the target transmit power, and the target sensing acquisition period are obtained by converting the output set of the communication spreading factor, the output set of the transmit power, and the output set of the acquisition period into actual control quantities using scaling factors.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module is also connected to a wireless communication module; the method further includes: The vibration parameters, temperature data, and icing data are transmitted to the corresponding host computer via the wireless communication module.

6. A wireless communication-based icing and vibration monitoring device, characterized in that, The device includes: a main control module, a temperature sensing module, an acceleration sensing module, an icing sensing module, a fuel gauge, a power supply module, and a circuit board. The main control module, the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, the icing sensing module, the fuel gauge, and the power supply module are all integrated on the circuit board. The power supply module is used to supply power to the main control module, the temperature sensing module, the acceleration sensing module, the icing sensing module and the fuel meter respectively; The power meter is connected to both the power supply module and the main control module, and is used to acquire the power information set of the power supply module and send the power information set to the main control module. The temperature sensing module is used to collect temperature data of the device under monitoring; The acceleration sensing module is used to collect acceleration data of the device under monitoring; The icing sensing module is used to collect icing data of the device under monitoring; The main control module includes a four-input three-output fuzzy controller, used to execute the icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power supply module includes: a battery, a solar panel, a charging and voltage conversion module; The battery's data interface is connected to the fuel gauge, and its power interface is connected to the charging and voltage conversion module. The solar panel is used to receive solar energy and convert it into electrical energy; The battery is used to store the electrical energy generated by the solar panel and to send the electrical energy to the fuel meter through the charging and voltage conversion module.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device further includes a wireless communication module, which is connected to the main control module and the corresponding host computer.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the icing and vibration monitoring method based on wireless communication as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes computer instructions for causing a computer to perform the wireless communication-based icing and vibration monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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