Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. In the method, a first device may generate a first signal, and may send the first signal to a second device. The first signal comprises a plurality of fields, a first field among the plurality of fields being used for carrying a second signal in the first signal, and a time-domain position occupied by the first field being after a time-domain position occupied by at least one field. The second signal is used for calibrating carrier frequency offset. In this way, the impact on a device that does not perform carrier frequency offset calibration can be reduced, thereby improving system communication efficiency.

Description

Communication method and communication apparatus

[0001] The present application claims priority from the Chinese patent application No. 202411038660.9 filed on July 30, 2024, and entitled "Communication method and communication apparatus", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication, and in particular to a communication method and a communication apparatus. BACKGROUND

[0003] In the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) release-19 (R-19), ambient internet of things (A-IoT) is a study item (SI), and the A-IoT is a kind of ultra-low power IoT device. The A-IoT can be divided into active A-IoT and passive A-IoT according to whether it can generate or transmit a carrier signal. The active A-IoT is an active tag, which can complete the transmission of a wireless communication signal by using the energy stored in a self-energy storage module. The passive A-IoT is a passive tag, which mainly relies on energy obtained from an external radio frequency signal and communicates through backscattering of the radio frequency signal, so as to achieve ultra-low power consumption or even zero power consumption.

[0004] For the A-IoT system, the active tag can generate a carrier based on a self-crystal oscillator. However, there may be a problem of carrier frequency offset (CFO). In order to solve the problem of CFO of the active tag, a CFO calibration signal can be introduced in a downlink preamble.

[0005] However, for a tag that does not need to perform CFO calibration, the received preamble carries the CFO calibration signal, which will lead to a decrease in communication efficiency and an increase in energy consumption of the tag. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus, which are beneficial to improving the communication efficiency of the system.

[0007] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first device, for example, can be executed by the first device, or can also be executed by a component (such as a processor, a chip, a chip system, etc.) configured in the first device, and can also be implemented by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first device. The first device may, for example, be a reader, or a device (such as a terminal device or a network device) in which the reader is deployed, or a device for implementing the function of the reader. The present application does not limit this.

[0008] The method comprises: generating, by the first device, a first signal, the first signal comprising a plurality of fields, a first field in the plurality of fields being used to carry a second signal in the first signal, the first field occupying a time domain position after at least one field occupies a time domain position, the second signal being used to calibrate a carrier frequency offset; and transmitting, by the first device, the first signal to a second device.

[0009] The first field occupies a time domain position after at least one field occupies a time domain position, for example, the first field is any field after the first field in the plurality of fields of the first signal, such as a middle or relatively later field, which is not limited.

[0010] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be applied to a second device, for example, can be executed by the second device, or can also be executed by a component (such as a processor, a chip, a chip system, etc.) configured in the second device, and can also be implemented by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second device. The second device may, for example, be an active tag, or a device (such as a terminal device or a network device) in which the active tag is deployed, or a device for implementing the function of the active tag. The present application does not limit this.

[0011] The method comprises: receiving, by the second device, a first signal from a first device, the first signal comprising a plurality of fields, a first field in the plurality of fields being used to carry a second signal in the first signal, the first field occupying a time domain position after at least one field occupies a time domain position, the second signal being used to calibrate a carrier frequency offset; and calibrating, by the second device, the carrier frequency offset based on the first signal.

[0012] Based on the above first aspect or second aspect, the first device can send the first signal to the second device, the first field of the first signal is used to carry the second signal, the second signal is used to calibrate the carrier frequency offset, and the time domain position occupied by the first field is after the time domain position occupied by at least one field, that is, the second signal is in the later time domain position in the first signal. When the first device sends the first signal, since the second signal is in the later time domain position in the first signal, the impact on receiving the first signal by the device that does not need to calibrate the carrier frequency offset can be reduced, and the communication efficiency of the system is improved.

[0013] In combination with the first or second aspect, in some implementations, the first field is used to carry a post-amble, and the post-amble includes the second signal.

[0014] The post-amble is a signal or code sequence used to identify the end of data transmission in a communication system. It usually appears at the end of a radio frame, informing the receiving end that the data transmission has been completed, and helping the receiving end to correctly process and parse the received data.

[0015] Based on the above scheme, the first device can use the first field to carry the post-amble including the second signal, and the post-amble is located at the end of the first signal radio frame, so the second signal is located at the end of the first signal radio frame. When the first device sends the first signal, since the second signal is in the later time domain position in the first signal, the impact on receiving the first signal by the device that does not need to calibrate the carrier frequency offset can be reduced, and the communication efficiency of the system is improved.

[0016] In combination with the first or second aspect, the time domain position occupied by the first field is after the time domain position occupied by the second field, and the second field is used to carry the post-amble in the first signal. Generally, the post-amble is located at the end of the first signal radio frame, so the second signal is located at the end of the first signal radio frame. In this way, for the device that does not need to calibrate the carrier frequency offset, the impact on receiving the first signal can be reduced, and the communication efficiency of the system is improved.

[0017] In combination with the first or second aspect, the second field is used to carry the first information in the first signal, and the first information is transmitted by a physical layer channel. The time domain position of the second signal is after the time domain position of the first information, so the second signal is in the later time domain position in the first signal. In this way, for the device that does not need to calibrate the carrier frequency offset, the impact on receiving the first signal can be reduced, and the communication efficiency of the system is improved.

[0018] In combination with the first or second aspect, the first signal carries indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal, so that the second device determines whether to receive the second signal and calibrate the carrier frequency offset based on the indication information, to improve the efficiency of calibration.

[0019] According to the first or second aspect, the indication information indicates a service type or a message type, and the service type or the message type is used to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal.

[0020] The second device can determine whether the first signal carries the second signal through the service type or the message type. Through multiplexing of the indication information, the first device does not use new indication information to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal, which can save signaling overhead of the first device and the second device and improve communication efficiency of the first device and the second device.

[0021] According to the first or second aspect, the indication information indicates a time interval between the first signal and a third signal, and the time interval is used to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal.

[0022] Based on the above scheme, the second device can determine whether the first signal carries the second signal through the time interval after receiving the indication information sent by the first device. Through multiplexing of the indication information, the first device does not use new indication information to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal, which can save signaling overhead of the first device and the second device and improve communication efficiency of the first device and the second device.

[0023] According to the first or second aspect, the first signal carries the indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate whether a plurality of fields include a first field.

[0024] According to the first or second aspect, the indication information is included in a preamble or first information in the first signal.

[0025] In this case, the second device can quickly obtain the indication information in the process of receiving the first signal, and based on the indication information, can determine whether to receive the second signal and calibrate the carrier frequency offset, so as to improve the calibration efficiency.

[0026] The third aspect provides a communication device, which can implement the communication method in any possible implementation manner of the first or second aspect. The device includes one or more functional units or modules for performing the above method. The functional units or modules included in the device can be implemented by software and / or hardware.

[0027] The fourth aspect provides a communication device, which includes at least one processor configured to perform the communication method in any possible implementation manner of the first or second aspect.

[0028] Optionally, the device can further include a memory for storing instructions and data. The memory is coupled to the processor, and the processor can implement the method described in the above aspects when executing the instructions stored in the memory.

[0029] Optionally, the apparatus can further include a communication interface, which is configured to enable the apparatus to communicate with other devices. For example, the communication interface can be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module, or another type of communication interface.

[0030] In a fifth aspect, a chip system is provided, which includes at least one processor configured to support implementation of the functions involved in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect, for example, receiving or processing data and / or information involved in the above method.

[0031] In a possible design, the chip system further includes a memory configured to store program instructions and data, which is located in or out of the processor.

[0032] In a possible design, the chip system further includes an interface circuit configured to transmit data and / or a power supply circuit configured to supply power to the chip system.

[0033] The chip system can be composed of a chip, or include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0034] In a sixth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes one or more of the first device and the second device described above.

[0035] In a seventh aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which includes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to implement the method in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0036] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions), which, when executed, causes a computer to perform the method in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of an active A-IoT according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a passive A-IoT according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of generating a first signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a wireless frame carrying CFO calibration signals according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a wireless frame carrying CFO calibration signals according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of a wireless frame carrying CFO calibration signals according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a timing relationship between a reader to device (R2D) signal and a device to reader (D2R) signal after insertion of CFO calibration signals according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG. 11 is another schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions provided by the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following points are first explained.

[0050] First, in the present application, indication includes explicit indication (also referred to as direct indication) and implicit indication (also referred to as indirect indication). Wherein, explicit indication of information A means that information A is included; implicit indication of information A means that information A is indicated by a corresponding relationship between information A and information B and direct indication of information B, the corresponding relationship between information A and information B can be predefined, pre-stored, pre-burned, or pre-configured; or, it can also mean that information A is indicated by information B and a preset rule.

[0051] Second, in the present application, information C is used for determination of information D, which includes that information D is determined based on information C only, and includes that information D is determined based on information C and other information. In addition, information C used for determination of information D can also include the case of indirect determination, such as the case that information D is determined based on information E, and information E is determined based on information C.

[0052] Third, in this application, "at least one" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more. The "and / or" describes the association between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it, but does not rule out the case that the associated objects before and after it represent an "and" relationship. The specific meaning can be understood in conjunction with the context. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a and b and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0053] Fourth, in this application, the use of prefixes such as "first", "second", etc. is only for the convenience of distinguishing different things belonging to the same name category, and does not constrain the order, size or quantity of the things. For example, "first device" and "second device" are different devices, and there is no time sequence, size relationship or priority relationship between them. For example, "first signal", "second signal" and "third signal" are different signals, and there is no time sequence, size relationship or priority relationship between them.

[0054] Fifth, in the embodiments of the present application, "when", "if" and "if" all mean that the device will make corresponding processing under certain objective circumstances, not limited to time, and also does not require the device to have a judgment action when it is implemented. It also does not mean that there are other limitations.

[0055] Sixth, the physical layer channel (physical reader to device channel, PRDCH) involved in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as a physical resource, or as data, signaling, etc. transmitted through these resources. For example, the first device transmits data through PRDCH, which can also be expressed as the first device transmitting PRDCH. For example, the field of the first signal carries information transmitted through PRDCH, which can also be expressed as the field carrying PRDCH. Those skilled in the art can understand its meaning.

[0056] The technical solutions provided in the present application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, a long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, an LTE time division duplex (TDD) system, a sidelink (SL) communication system, a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) system, a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system or a new radio access technology (NR) system. The 5G mobile communication system can include a non-standalone (NSA) system and / or a standalone (SA) system. The technical solutions provided in the present application can also be applied to future communication networks. The present application is not limited in this regard.

[0057] FIG. 1 shows an architecture diagram of a communication system applicable to the communication method of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the communication system 100 can include at least one network device (for example, network device 110a and network device 110b in FIG. 1) and at least one terminal device (for example, terminal device 120a to terminal device 120h in FIG. 1). In the communication system 100, the network device 110a can communicate with one or more of the terminal devices 120a to 120f through a wireless air interface, and the network device 110a can communicate with one or more of the terminal devices 120g and 120h through the network device 110b. In addition, the terminal devices 120d to 120f also constitute a communication system 100b, in which the terminal device 120e can communicate with one or more of the terminal devices 120d and 120f. The network device 110b, the terminal device 120g and the terminal device 120h also constitute a communication system 100a, in which the network device 110b can communicate with one or more of the terminal devices 120g and 120h through a wireless air interface.

[0058] It should be understood that the communication system 100a can be a subsystem of the communication system 100 or a communication system independent of the communication system 100; the communication system 100b can be a subsystem of the communication system 100 or a communication system independent of the communication system 100.

[0059] It should also be understood that FIG. 1 only shows two network devices and eight terminal devices in the communication system 100, three terminal devices in the communication system 100b, one network device and two terminal devices in the communication system 100a, which is only an example. This should not constitute any limitation to the present application. Any of the above communication systems can include more or less network devices, or include more or less terminal devices. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also be referred to as a user equipment (UE), an access terminal, a user unit, a user station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent or a user apparatus. The terminal device can include two receivers, a main receiver (MR) and a wake-up receiver (WUR). The MR can be turned off or set to deep sleep. The main receiver can be used for data transmission and reception when it is turned on. The WUR can also be understood as a secondary receiver, a low-power receiver or a low-power wake-up receiver (LP-WUR). The secondary receiver has the ability to receive a very low-power wake-up signal. The secondary receiver can trigger the MR to wake up after receiving the wake-up signal. In addition, the terminal device can be a low-power terminal device, which only includes a low-power receiver or only supports low-power transmission and / or reception functions.

[0061] The terminal device can be a device providing voice / data, for example, a handheld device with wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, etc. At present, some examples of terminals are: mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, palm computer, mobile internet device (MID), wearable device, virtual reality (VR) device, augmented reality (AR) device, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, cellular phone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless communication function, computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, wearable device, terminal device in a 5G network or terminal device in a future communication network, etc. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0062] By way of example and not limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device can also be a wearable device. The wearable device can also be referred to as a wearable smart device, which is a general term for devices that are designed and developed by applying wearable technology to daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. The wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. The wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also a powerful function realized through software support and data interaction, cloud interaction. The general wearable smart device includes a full function, large size, and can realize complete or partial functions without relying on a smart phone, such as a smart watch or smart glasses, etc., and focuses on a certain application function and needs to cooperate with other devices such as a smart phone, such as various smart wristbands, smart jewelry, etc. for monitoring vital signs.

[0063] In the embodiments of the present application, the apparatus for implementing the function of the terminal device can be a terminal device, or can be an apparatus capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the function, for example, a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal device or used in matching with the terminal device. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system can be composed of a chip, or can include the chip and other discrete devices. In the embodiments of the present application, only the apparatus for implementing the function of the terminal device is taken as an example for description, and the scheme of the embodiments of the present application is not limited in this way.

[0064] The network device in the embodiments of the present application can be a device for communicating with a terminal device, which can also be referred to as an access network device or a radio access network device, such as a network device can be a base station. The network device in the embodiments of the present application can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that accesses a terminal device to a wireless network. The base station can broadly cover various names in the following or be replaced by the following names, such as: Node B (NodeB), evolved Node B (eNB), next generation Node B (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), primary station, secondary station, multi-standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), radio unit (RU), positioning node, satellite base station, cellular base station, etc. The base station can be a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay node, a donor node or the like, or a combination thereof. The base station can also refer to a communication module, modem or chip used in the above-mentioned devices or apparatuses. The base station can also be a mobile switching center and a device that performs the function of a base station in D2D, V2X, M2M communication, a network side device in a future communication network, a device that performs the function of a base station in a future communication system, etc. The base station can support networks of the same or different access technologies. Optionally, the RAN node can also be a server, a wearable device, a vehicle or a vehicle-mounted device, etc. For example, the access network device in vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU). The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the network device.In some deployments, the network device mentioned by embodiments of the present application can be a device including a CU, or a DU, or a device including a CU and a DU, or a control plane CU node (central unit-control plane (CU-CP)) and a user plane CU node (central unit-user plane (CU-UP)) and a DU node. For example, the network device can include a gNB-CU-CP, a gNB-CU-UP and a gNB-DU.

[0065] In some deployments, wireless access by a terminal is assisted by cooperation of multiple RAN nodes, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of a base station. For example, the RAN node can be a CU, a DU, a CU-CP, a CU-UP, or an RU, etc. The CU and the DU can be separately arranged, or can also be included in the same network element, for example, in a BBU. The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, for example, included in an RRU, an AAU or an RRH.

[0066] The RAN node can support one or more types of front interfaces, and different front interfaces respectively correspond to DUs and RUs with different functions. If the front interface between the DU and the RU is a common public radio interface (CPRI), the DU is configured to implement one or more of the baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement one or more of the radio frequency functions. If the front interface between the DU and the RU is another interface, compared with the CPRI, part of the baseband functions of the downlink and / or uplink, such as one or more of precoding, digital beamforming (BF), or inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) / adding a cyclic prefix (CP) for the downlink, or one or more of digital beamforming (BF), or fast Fourier transform (FFT) / removing a cyclic prefix (CP) for the uplink, are moved from the DU to the RU for implementation. In a possible implementation, the interface can be an enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI). Under the eCPRI architecture, the splitting manner between the DU and the RU is different, corresponding to different categories (Cat) of eCPRI, such as eCPRI Cat A, B, C, D, E, F.

[0067] Taking eCPRI Cat A as an example, for downlink transmission, the DU is configured to implement layer mapping and one or more functions (i.e., one or more of encoding, rate matching, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping) before layer mapping, while other functions (e.g., one or more of RE mapping, digital beamforming (BF), or inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) / adding cyclic prefix (CP)) after layer mapping are implemented in the RU. For uplink transmission, the DU is configured to implement de-mapping and one or more functions (i.e., one or more of decoding, de-rate matching, de-scrambling, de-modulation, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT), channel equalization, de-RE mapping) before de-mapping, while other functions (e.g., one or more of digital BF or fast Fourier transform (FFT) / CP removal) after de-mapping are implemented in the RU. It can be understood that the function description of the DU and the RU corresponding to various types of eCPRI can refer to the eCPRI protocol, which is not described here.

[0068] In a possible design, the processing unit in the BBU for implementing baseband functions is referred to as a base band high (BBH) unit, and the processing unit in the RRU / AAU / RRH for implementing baseband functions is referred to as a base band low (BBL) unit.

[0069] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an ORAN system, the CU can also be referred to as an O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be referred to as an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be referred to as an O-RU. Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present application, the apparatus for implementing the function of the network device can be a network device, or an apparatus capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system, a hardware circuit, a software module, or a hardware circuit plus a software module. The apparatus can be installed in the network device or used in combination with the network device. In the embodiments of the present application, only the apparatus for implementing the function of the network device is taken as an example for illustration, and the scheme of the embodiments of the present application is not limited in this way.

[0071] The network device and / or the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on water; and can also be deployed on airplanes, balloons and satellites in the air. The scenarios in which the network device and the terminal device are located are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terminal device and the network device can be hardware devices, or software functions running on special hardware, general hardware, such as virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform), or entities including special or general hardware devices and software functions. The specific forms of the terminal device and the network device are not limited in the present application.

[0072] With the popularity of 5G or NR system machine type communication (MTC) and IoT communication, more and more IoT devices have been deployed in people's lives. For example: smart water meters, shared bicycles, and smart cities, environmental monitoring, smart homes, forest fire prevention, and other devices aimed at sensing and data collection. In the future, IoT devices will be ubiquitous, possibly embedded in every piece of clothing, every bag, every key, and almost all offline items will be online under the empowerment of Internet of Things technology. At the same time, however, due to the wide distribution and large number of IoT devices, the process of realizing the Internet of Everything also brings great challenges to the industry, such as power supply problems. At present, IoT is still mainly driven by operators, and IoT modules need to use standard cellular protocols to communicate with network devices. Since network devices need to cover as large an area as possible, IoT modules need to be able to communicate when they are far away from the base station, which makes IoT devices still need to consume a relatively high (for example, 30 mA) current when communicating wirelessly, so the current IoT module still needs to use a battery with high capacity to work, which also makes it difficult to reduce the size of the IoT module, increasing the cost of the IoT device.

[0073] In addition, some low-power terminal devices play an important role in Internet of Things (IoT) applications such as medical treatment, smart home, industrial sensors, wearable devices, etc. However, due to the limited size of such terminal devices, it is difficult to prolong the running time of these terminal devices by simply increasing the battery capacity. Therefore, in order to prolong the endurance time of the terminal device, the power consumption of wireless communication needs to be reduced, and the radio transceiver is one of the most power-consuming components.

[0074] Therefore, in order to further popularize IoT, implant IoT modules into the human body, or smaller objects, it is not possible to match higher capacity batteries, and smaller batteries must be used or completely get rid of the battery limit, or a method of reducing the power consumption of the radio transceiver is designed to overcome the cost, size, power consumption, and other limitations of IoT devices. In 3GPP R-19, A-IoT is a key research topic, and A-IoT is a class of ultra-low-power IoT devices that can be divided into active A-IoT and passive A-IoT according to whether it can actively generate or transmit carrier signals.

[0075] Among them, active A-IoT is an active tag (or, active tag), which is called an active tag because it carries a power supply inside the tag, and can complete the transmission of wireless communication signals by using the energy stored in the energy storage module. Figure 2 shows a network architecture diagram of active A-IoT, as shown in Figure 2, the network device can send downlink data (DL data) to the active tag through the downlink, and the active tag can send uplink data (UL data) to the network device through the uplink, it should be understood that the network device in Figure 2 can be a reader, or the network device can implement the function of the reader, or the network device can be deployed with the reader. The downlink data is a continuous carrier, and the active tag sends a reflection signal to the network device in a reflection communication manner, specifically, the active tag uses the carrier provided by the downlink data to transmit the uplink data.

[0076] The passive A-IoT is a passive tag (or a passive tag), which is called a passive tag because it has no power supply device inside, mainly relies on energy obtained from external radio frequency signals, and communicates through backscattering radio frequency signals to achieve ultra-low power consumption or even zero power consumption. FIG. 3 shows a network architecture diagram of the passive A-IoT. As shown in FIG. 3, the link between the terminal device and the passive A-IoT is a passive link. The passive tag cannot actively send radio frequency signals. The terminal device needs to first transmit an excitation or carrier signal (carrying DL data) to the passive tag. The passive tag modulates the excitation or carrier signal and sends a signal (carrying UL data) to the terminal device or network device. It should be understood that the network device in FIG. 3 can be a reader, or the network device can implement the function of the reader, or the network device can be deployed with the reader; the terminal device in FIG. 3 can be an active tag, or the terminal device can implement the function of the active tag, or the terminal device can be deployed with the active tag.

[0077] As can be seen from the above, the reader charges the tag by sending a radio frequency signal to the tag. The tag receives the signal sent by the reader and sends a reflection signal to the reader in a reflection communication manner. In this way, the reader can identify the identity document (ID) of the tag and perform read and write operations on the tag.

[0078] For the A-IoT system, CFO problems may exist between the reader and the tag. For example, the local crystal oscillator of the reader and the tag do not match, such as the active tag itself, which has poor stability of the crystal oscillator due to the design intention of low cost and low power consumption, which may cause CFO problems. For another example, Doppler shift, mainly considering the CFO problem in the scene with high mobility. The occurrence of CFO causes the phase shift of the time domain signal and the frequency difference of the frequency domain signal, which affects the demodulation performance of the system. At present, the problem caused by CFO can be overcome by CFO calibration, and the calibration of CFO needs to rely on CFO estimation to realize. The specific implementation manner is to send known training symbols to the receiving end. The receiving end estimates the size of the CFO through the phase change of the received training symbols, and then realizes the final CFO calibration through CFO compensation.

[0079] In order to solve the CFO problem of the active tag, the reader can introduce a CFO calibration signal in the downlink preamble. However, in this way, the communication efficiency of the tag that does not need the CFO calibration signal may be reduced.

[0080] Therefore, the application provides a communication method. The reader sends a first signal to the tag. In the first signal, a first field carrying a second signal is located after the time domain position of at least one field. The second signal is used to calibrate the carrier frequency offset. Since the second signal is located at a later time domain position in the first signal, the impact on the device that does not need to calibrate the carrier frequency offset when receiving the first signal can be reduced, and the communication efficiency of the system is improved.

[0081] The method provided by the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the technical solution of the application can be applied to a communication system as shown in FIG. 1.

[0082] It should be understood that the following is only for the convenience of understanding and description, and the method provided by the embodiment of the application is described in detail by taking the interaction between the first device and the second device as an example.

[0083] The first device may, for example, be a reader, or a device (such as a terminal device or a network device) deployed with a reader, or a device for implementing the function of a reader. The second device may, for example, be an active tag, or a device (such as a terminal device or a network device) deployed with an active tag, or a device for implementing the function of an active tag. When the first device is a terminal device deployed with a reader, and the second device is a terminal device deployed with an active tag, the first device may, for example, be the terminal device 120d in FIG. 1, and the second device may, for example, be the terminal device 120e or 120f in FIG. 1. When the first device is a network device deployed with a reader, and the second device is a terminal device deployed with an active tag, the first device may, for example, be the network device 110a in FIG. 1, and the second device may, for example, be any one of the terminal devices 120a to 120c in FIG. 1, or the first device may, for example, be the network device 110b in FIG. 1, and the second device may, for example, be the terminal device 120g or 120h in FIG. 1.

[0084] However, it should be understood that this should not constitute any limitation on the execution subject of the method provided by the application. As long as the method provided by the embodiment of the application can be implemented by running a program in which the code of the method provided by the embodiment of the application is recorded, the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the application can be implemented. For example, the first device shown in the following embodiments can also be replaced by a component in the first device, such as a chip, a chip system or other functional modules capable of calling and executing programs. The second device can also be replaced by a component in the second device, such as a chip, a chip system or other functional modules capable of calling and executing programs.

[0085] FIG. 4 shows a communication method 400 provided by an embodiment of the application. The method 400 includes steps 410 to 430. Each step in the method 400 will be described in detail below.

[0086] In step 410, the first device generates a first signal, the first signal comprising a plurality of fields, a first field of the plurality of fields being used to carry a second signal in the first signal, the first field occupying a time domain position after at least one field occupying a time domain position, the second signal being used to calibrate a carrier frequency offset.

[0087] The first signal can be referred to as an R2D signal, but the naming of the first signal is not limited in the present application.

[0088] Exemplarily, FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of generating the first signal. As shown in FIG. 5, from left to right, the modules are source bit generation, cyclic redundancy check (CRC) check, line coding, on-off keying (OOK) modulation, and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal generator.

[0089] In the CRC check module, given N-bit source bits {b0, b1, b2, …, bN-1}, based on a K-length CRC polynomial, the information bits after adding CRC check bits are N-1 For example, when the source bit length N > 24, a 16-length check information is generated by using CRC-16 and filled after the source bits. The second signal in the first signal can be referred to as a CFO calibration signal, but the naming of the second signal is not limited in the present application.

[0090] The time domain position occupied by the first field is after the time domain position occupied by at least one field, for example, the first field is any field after the first field of the plurality of fields of the first signal, such as a middle or relatively later field, which is not limited.

[0091] The first field can be used to carry the second signal, which can include the following possible embodiments:

[0092] In the first embodiment, the first field can be used to carry a postamble, and the postamble includes the second signal. The postamble is a signal or code sequence used to identify the end of data transmission in a communication system. It usually appears at the end of a radio frame, informing the receiving end that the data transmission has been completed, and helping the receiving end to correctly process and parse the received data.

[0093]

[0094] ​It should be understood that whether the post-amble is needed in the data transmission system depends on the specific communication protocol and system design, for example, the function of the post-amble can be replaced by other signals. Therefore, the second signal described above can be included in other signals, which is not limited.

[0095] The post-amble includes the second signal, for example, the second signal can occupy one or more bits of the post-amble, and the application does not limit the position of the bit occupied by the second signal in the post-amble, such as the second signal occupying the first few bits of the post-amble, or the second signal occupying the last few bits of the post-amble, or the second signal occupying the middle few bits of the post-amble. Also, for example, the starting time domain position of the second signal occupies the starting time domain position of the post-amble, and the ending time domain position occupied by the second signal is before the ending time domain position occupied by the post-amble. Or, the starting time domain position of the second signal is after the starting time domain position occupied by the post-amble, and the ending time domain position occupied by the second signal is before the ending time domain position occupied by the post-amble. Or, the starting time domain position of the second signal is after the starting time domain position occupied by the post-amble, and the ending time domain position occupied by the second signal is the time domain ending position of the post-amble. This is not limited.

[0096] For example, taking the second signal as a CFO calibration signal, Figure 6 shows a frame structure diagram of a wireless frame carrying the CFO calibration signal, as shown in Figure 6, the first signal includes, from left to right, a timing acquisition signal, first information, and a post-amble, wherein the CFO calibration signal is included in the post-amble.

[0097] Wherein, the plurality of fields in the first signal can respectively carry the above-mentioned information, such as the plurality of fields including a field carrying the timing acquisition signal, a field carrying the first information, and a field carrying the post-amble.

[0098] Wherein, the first information is transmitted through a physical layer channel, for example, the physical layer channel can be PRDCH, which is an example of naming, and the application does not limit it. When the first information is transmitted by the PRDCH, the field carrying the first information can be called the PRDCH field.

[0099] Based on the above scheme, the first device can use the first field to carry the post-amble including the second signal, and the post-amble is located at the end of the first signal wireless frame, therefore, the second signal is located at the end of the first signal wireless frame, when the first device transmits the first signal, since the second signal is in the later time domain position in the first signal, for the device that does not need carrier frequency offset calibration, it can reduce the influence on receiving the first signal, and improve the communication efficiency of the system.

[0100] In the second embodiment, the time domain position occupied by the first field is after the time domain position occupied by the second field. The second field can be used to carry the post-amble in the first signal, or the second field can be used to carry the first information in the first signal, which is transmitted through a physical layer channel. No limitation is imposed on this.

[0101] In an example of the second embodiment, the second field is used to carry the post-amble in the first signal.

[0102] Exemplarily, taking the second signal as the CFO calibration signal, Fig. 7 shows a frame structure diagram of a radio frame carrying the CFO calibration signal. As shown in Fig. 7, the first signal includes, from left to right, a timing acquisition signal, first information, a post-amble, and a CFO calibration signal. The time domain position occupied by the CFO calibration signal in the first signal is after the time domain position occupied by the post-amble in the first signal.

[0103] The multiple fields in the first signal can respectively carry the above information, such as a field carrying the timing acquisition signal, a field carrying the first information, and a field carrying the post-amble.

[0104] The first information is transmitted through a physical layer channel, which can be, for example, a PRDCH. The PRDCH is an example of a naming, and no limitation is imposed on this. When the first information is transmitted by the PRDCH, the field carrying the first information can be referred to as a PRDCH field. Based on the above scheme, the time domain position of the second signal is after the time domain position of the post-amble. Generally, the post-amble is located at the end of the radio frame of the first signal. Therefore, the second signal is located at the end of the radio frame of the first signal. In this way, for a device that does not need to perform carrier frequency offset calibration, the influence on receiving the first signal can be reduced, and the communication efficiency of the system can be improved.

[0105] In a possible implementation example of the second embodiment, the second field is used to carry the first information in the first signal, which is transmitted through a physical layer channel. Exemplarily, taking the second signal as the CFO calibration signal, Fig. 8 shows a frame structure diagram of a radio frame carrying the CFO calibration signal. As shown in Fig. 8, the first signal includes, from left to right, a timing acquisition signal, first information, and a CFO calibration signal. The time domain position occupied by the CFO calibration signal in the first signal is after the time domain position occupied by the first information in the first signal.

[0106] The multiple fields in the first signal can respectively carry the above information, such as a field carrying the timing acquisition signal, a field carrying the first information, and a field carrying the post-amble.

[0107] The first information is transmitted through a physical layer channel, which can be a PRDCH for example. The PRDCH is an exemplary name and is not limited in the present application. When the first information is transmitted through the PRDCH, the field carrying the first information can be referred to as a PRDCH field.

[0108] According to the above scheme, the time domain position of the second signal is after the time domain position of the first information, so the second signal is in a later time domain position in the first signal. In this way, for a device that does not need to calibrate the carrier frequency offset, the impact of receiving the first signal can be reduced, and the communication efficiency of the system can be improved.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first signal can carry indication information, which can be used to indicate whether the second signal is carried in the first signal.

[0110] The indication information can directly or indirectly indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal, and can include the following possible implementation manners.

[0111] In a possible implementation manner, the indication information can directly indicate that the first signal carries the second signal. In this way, the efficiency of the second device in calibrating the carrier frequency offset can be improved, and the communication efficiency of the first device and the second device can also be improved.

[0112] In another possible implementation manner, the indication information indicates a service type or a message type.

[0113] For example, when the service type is a device originated device-terminated triggered (DO-DTT), that is, a device terminated (DT) type, after the first device sends a signal to the second device, the second device does not need to return an uplink signal (for example, a D2R signal) to the first device, in which case the first device does not add the second signal in the first signal. For another example, when the service type is to query sensor data, in which case the second device needs to return an uplink signal, the first device can add the second signal in the first signal.

[0114] According to the above scheme, the second device can determine whether the second signal is carried in the first signal through the service type or the message type. Through the multiplexing of the indication information, the first device does not use new indication information to indicate whether the second signal is carried in the first signal, that is, the signaling overhead of the first device and the second device can be saved, and the communication efficiency of the first device and the second device can be improved.

[0115] In another possible implementation manner, the indication information indicates a time interval between the first signal and a third signal.

[0116] The third signal can be a D2R signal, without limitation.

[0117] The time interval can be a time period from a time domain end position of the first signal to a time domain start position of the third signal.

[0118] For example, the time interval can be T (T is an integer greater than 0), when T is greater than or equal to T1 (T1 is an integer greater than 0), the first signal does not carry the second signal; when T is greater than or equal to T2 (T2 is an integer greater than 0, and T2 is greater than T1), the first signal carries the second signal.

[0119] Based on the above scheme, the second device receives the indication information sent by the first device, and can determine whether the first signal carries the second signal through the time interval. Through multiplexing of the indication information, the first device does not use new indication information to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal, that is, the signaling overhead of the first device and the second device can be saved, and the communication efficiency of the first device and the second device can be improved. For example, taking the third signal as an R2D signal, the first signal as a D2R signal, and the second signal as a CFO calibration signal, FIG. 9 shows a timing relationship diagram of the R2D signal and the D2R signal after insertion of the CFO calibration signal. As shown in FIG. 9, the R2D signal can include a preamble, first information, a post-amble or a CFO calibration signal from left to right.

[0120] The preamble or the first information can carry the time interval T of the R2D signal and the D2R signal. When the R2D signal does not carry the CFO calibration signal, the time interval T from a time domain end position of the post-amble in the R2D signal to a time domain start position of the D2R signal is greater than or equal to T1; and when the R2D signal carries the CFO calibration signal, the time interval T from a time domain end position of the CFO calibration signal in the R2D signal to the time domain start position of the D2R signal is greater than or equal to T2. Wherein, T2>T1.

[0121] In some other embodiments, the first signal can carry indication information, which can be used to indicate whether the plurality of fields includes the first field.

[0122] When the indication information indicates that the plurality of fields of the first signal includes the first field, the receiving end can perform carrier frequency offset calibration according to the second signal carried in the first field.

[0123] In some embodiments, the indication information carried by the first signal can be included in the preamble or the first information in the first signal, without limitation.

[0124] The indication information can be included in a preamble or first information in the first signal, so that the second device determines whether to receive the second signal and calibrates the carrier frequency offset based on the indication information, to improve the efficiency of calibration.

[0125] In step 420, the first device sends the first signal to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device receives the first signal from the first device.

[0126] In step 430, the second device calibrates the carrier frequency offset based on the first signal.

[0127] The second signal in the first signal can be a known training symbol. After the second device receives the CFO calibration signal, the second device estimates the size of the CFO through the phase change of the CFO calibration signal, so as to realize CFO calibration through CFO compensation, and ensure that the first device and the second device communicate at the same frequency.

[0128] Based on the above scheme, the first device can send the first signal to the second device, the first field of the first signal is used to carry the second signal, the second signal is used to calibrate the carrier frequency offset, and the time domain position occupied by the first field is after the time domain position occupied by at least one field, that is, the second signal is at a later time domain position in the first signal. When the first device sends the first signal, since the second signal is at a later time domain position in the first signal, the impact on the device that does not need to calibrate the carrier frequency offset when receiving the first signal can be reduced, and the communication efficiency of the system is improved.

[0129] It should be understood that the flow shown in FIG. 4 is only an example, and should not constitute any limitation on the present application. In other embodiments, the flow can also include more or fewer steps.

[0130] It should also be understood that the size of the serial number of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined according to its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0131] The communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail above in combination with the drawings. The apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0132] FIGS. 10 to 11 are schematic block diagrams of possible communication apparatuses provided by the embodiments of the present application. The communication apparatuses can be used to realize the functions of the first device or the functions of the second device in the above method embodiments, and thus can also realize the beneficial effects possessed by the above method embodiments.

[0133] The communication apparatus provided in the present application is shown in FIG. 10. The communication apparatus 1000 includes a communication unit 1010 and a processing unit 1020. The communication unit 1010 can be configured to perform receiving or transmitting actions. The processing unit 1020 can be configured to perform actions other than receiving and transmitting, such as generating information or messages, processing received information or messages, etc.

[0134] One possible design is that the communication apparatus 1000 is configured to implement the functions of the first device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4. For example, the communication apparatus can be the first device, or a component (such as a chip, a chip system, a processor, etc.) configured in the first device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing part or all of the functions of the first device.

[0135] For example, when the communication apparatus 1000 is configured to implement the functions of the first device in the method 400, the processing unit 1020 is configured to generate a first signal, the first signal including a plurality of fields, a first field in the plurality of fields being configured to carry a second signal in the first signal, the first field occupying a time domain position after a time domain position occupied by at least one field, the second signal being configured to calibrate a carrier frequency offset; and the communication unit 1010 is configured to transmit the first signal.

[0136] Optionally, the first field is configured to carry a post-amble, the post-amble including the second signal.

[0137] Optionally, the first field occupies a time domain position after a time domain position occupied by a second field, the second field being configured to carry a post-amble in the first signal, or the second field being configured to carry first information in the first signal, the first information being transmitted through a physical layer channel.

[0138] Optionally, the first signal carries indication information, the indication information being configured to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal.

[0139] Optionally, the indication information indicates a service type or a message type, the service type or the message type being configured to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal; or the indication information indicates a time interval between the first signal and a third signal, the time interval being configured to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal.

[0140] Optionally, the first signal carries indication information, the indication information being configured to indicate whether the plurality of fields includes the first field.

[0141] Optionally, the indication information is included in a preamble or first information in the first signal.

[0142] In a possible design, the communication apparatus 1000 is configured to implement the functions of the second device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 4. For example, the communication apparatus can be the second device, or a component (such as a chip, a chip system, a processor, etc.) configured in the second device, or a logic module or software capable of implementing part or all of the functions of the second device.

[0143] For example, when the communication apparatus 1000 is configured to implement the functions of the second device in the method 400, the communication unit 1010 is configured to receive a first signal, the first signal including a plurality of fields, a first field of the plurality of fields being configured to carry a second signal in the first signal, a time domain position occupied by the first field being after a time domain position occupied by at least one field, the second signal being configured to calibrate a carrier frequency offset; and the processing unit 1020 is configured to calibrate the carrier frequency offset based on the first signal.

[0144] Optionally, the first field is configured to carry a post-amble, and the post-amble includes the second signal.

[0145] Optionally, the time domain position occupied by the first field is after a time domain position occupied by a second field, the second field being configured to carry a post-amble in the first signal, or the second field being configured to carry first information in the first signal, the first information being transmitted through a physical layer channel.

[0146] Optionally, the first signal carries indication information, the indication information being configured to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal.

[0147] Optionally, the indication information indicates a service type or a message type, the service type or the message type being configured to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal; or the indication information indicates a time interval between the first signal and a third signal, the time interval being configured to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal.

[0148] Optionally, the first signal carries indication information, the indication information being configured to indicate whether the plurality of fields includes the first field.

[0149] Optionally, the indication information is included in a preamble or first information in the first signal.

[0150] It should also be understood that the communication unit 1010 in the communication apparatus 1000 can also be referred to as a transceiver unit, and the communication unit 1010 can include a sending module and exclude a receiving module. Alternatively, the communication unit 1010 can include a receiving module and exclude a sending module. Specifically, whether the sending module and the receiving module are included in the communication unit 1010 can depend on whether the sending action and the receiving action are included in the above-mentioned scheme implemented by the communication apparatus 1000. The receiving module can be configured to perform the receiving action in the above-mentioned scheme, and the sending module can be configured to perform the sending action in the above-mentioned scheme.

[0151] It can be understood that the division of units in the above apparatus is only a logical function division, one function unit can be used for each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one function unit. In actual implementation, all or part of the units can be integrated into one physical entity, or can be distributed in different physical entities. In addition, the above function units can be realized in the form of hardware, or in the form of software, or in the form of hardware combined with software. Whether a certain function is executed in the form of hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical scheme. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0152] Another communication apparatus provided in the present application is shown in FIG. 11. The communication apparatus 1100 includes at least one processor 1110. The at least one processor 1110 can be used to execute computer programs or instructions in the memory to implement the steps performed by the first device or the second device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

[0153] Optionally, the communication apparatus 1100 can further include at least one memory 1120 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1110 or storing input data required by the processor 1110 to run instructions or storing data generated after the processor 1110 runs instructions. The at least one processor 1110 and the at least one memory 1120 can be separately arranged. For example, each memory can be connected with one or more processors, so that the connected processor can read information from the memory, store and / or write information in the memory. Alternatively, the at least one processor 1110 and the at least one memory 1120 can be integrated together, for example, one or more memories can be integrated in one processor.

[0154] Optionally, the communication apparatus 1100 further includes an interface circuit 1130, which can be used for transmitting data and / or signaling. The at least one processor 1110 and the interface circuit 1130 are coupled with each other. It can be understood that the interface circuit 1130 can be a transceiver, an input / output circuit, a bus, a module, a pin or other types of communication interfaces, wherein the input circuit in the input / output circuit can be used for receiving, and the output interface can be used for transmitting.

[0155] Optionally, the communication apparatus 1100 further includes a power supply circuit 1140, which can be used for supplying power to the communication apparatus 1100.

[0156] When the communication apparatus 1100 is used to implement the method in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the processor 1110 is configured to perform the functions of the processing unit, and the interface circuit 1120 is configured to perform the functions of the receiving unit and / or the sending unit. The interface circuit 1120 is configured to send or receive, and the specific configuration can be determined according to whether the communication apparatus 1100 performs a sending action or a receiving action in the scheme.

[0157] It can be understood that when the communication apparatus 1100 is a communication device (for example, the first device or the second device), the interface circuit 1120 can be a transceiver, which can specifically include a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter is configured to send signals, and the receiver is configured to receive signals. When the communication apparatus 1100 is a chip applied to a communication device, the interface circuit 1120 can be an input / output circuit, a bus, a module, a pin, or other types of communication interfaces, wherein the input circuit in the input / output circuit can be configured to receive, and the output interface can be configured to send.

[0158] It should be understood that in the communication apparatus 1100 shown in FIG. 11, the processor 1110 can correspond to the processing unit 1020 in the communication apparatus 1000, and the interface circuit 1120 can correspond to the communication unit 1010 in the communication apparatus 1000.

[0159] It should also be understood that the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information interaction between devices, units or modules. The specific connection medium between the at least one processor 1110, the at least one memory 1120, the interface circuit 1130 and the power supply circuit 1140 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In FIG. 11, the processor 1110, the memory 1120, the interface circuit 1130 and the power supply circuit 1140 are connected through the bus 1150. The bus 1150 is represented by a thick line in FIG. 11, and the connection mode between other components is only schematically illustrated and is not limited. The bus can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For convenience of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 11, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0160] It can be appreciated that the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0161] The memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. Among them, the nonvolatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically EPROM (EEPROM) or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a random access memory (RAM) used as an external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM can be used, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory of the system and method described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0162] The present application also provides a communication system, which includes the first device and the second device described above.

[0163] The application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions), which, when executed, causes a computer to perform the method performed by the first device or the second device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

[0164] The application further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions). When the computer program is executed, it causes a computer to perform the method performed by the first device or the second device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.

[0165] The terms "unit", "module" and the like used in the specification can be used to represent computer-related entities, hardware, combinations of hardware and software, software, or software in execution.

[0166] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the various illustrative logical blocks and steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. The choice of hardware or software implementation depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the application. In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are only illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical functional division, and actual implementation can have another division, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be omitted or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed units can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0167] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, i.e. they can be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0168] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0169] In the above embodiments, the functions of the various functional units can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions can be implemented in the form of one or more computer programs that run on a computer. When the computer programs are loaded and executed on the computer, the whole or part of the flow or function described in the embodiments of the present application is produced. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer programs can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer programs can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) manner. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, digital video disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0170] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0171] The above is merely a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: generating a first signal, the first signal comprising a plurality of fields, a first field of the plurality of fields being used to carry a second signal in the first signal, a time domain position occupied by the first field being after a time domain position occupied by at least one of the fields, the second signal being used to calibrate a carrier frequency offset; transmitting the first signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first field is used to carry a post-amble, the post-amble comprising the second signal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The time domain position occupied by the first field is after a time domain position occupied by a second field, the second field being used to carry a post-amble in the first signal, or the second field being used to carry first information in the first signal, the first information being transmitted through a physical layer channel.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The first signal carries indication information, the indication information being used to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The indication information indicates a service type or a message type, the service type or the message type being used to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal; or The indication information indicates a time interval between the first signal and a third signal, the time interval being used to indicate whether the first signal carries the second signal.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The first signal carries indication information, the indication information being used to indicate whether the plurality of fields comprises the first field.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that, The indication information is comprised in a preamble in the first signal or the first information.

8. A communication device, characterized by comprising one or more functional units for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A communications device, characterized by comprising a processor configured to execute program code to cause the communication device to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, causes the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 to be performed.

11. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, causes the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 to be performed.

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