Energy storage system

Abstract

An energy storage system comprises a controller and a plurality of battery modules, wherein the capacities of at least two of the plurality of battery modules are different, each battery module comprises a cell group and a power converter electrically connected to the cell group, and output voltages of the power converters of the battery modules having different capacities are the same; and the controller is electrically connected to an output end of each power converter.

Description

Energy storage system

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] The present disclosure is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024111050101, filed on August 13, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0004] In actual markets, power consumption demands of customers are various, but the stacking energy storage system scheme in the related technology is difficult to accurately meet the power consumption demands of customers, and the performance of the battery in the energy storage system is poor, which has room for improvement. SUMMARY

[0005] The present disclosure aims to at least solve the technical problems of insufficient use range and performance advantages of the energy storage system in the related technology. To this end, the present disclosure provides an energy storage system, which can realize more system capacity configuration, thereby improving the use range and performance of the energy storage system.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides an energy storage system, comprising:

[0007] a plurality of battery modules, at least two of the plurality of battery modules having different capacities, and each of the battery modules comprising a battery cell group and a power converter electrically connected to the battery cell group, the output voltages of the power converters of the battery modules with different capacities being the same.

[0008] By stacking and freely combining the battery modules with different capacities, more system capacity configuration can be realized, thereby more accurately meeting actual power consumption demands and improving the use range and performance of the energy storage system.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage system further comprises a controller, an input end of the controller being electrically connected to an output end of the power converter, an output end of the controller being connected to an external circuit, and the plurality of battery modules being connected in parallel to the controller.

[0010] By making the voltage platforms outputted by the plurality of battery modules the same through the power converter, the plurality of battery modules can be connected in parallel to the controller.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least two of the plurality of battery modules are of different material types, and the output voltages of the power converters of the battery modules of different material types are the same.

[0012] At least two of the plurality of battery modules are of different material types, which can play different advantages in different use scenarios, thereby improving the use range and performance of the energy storage system, and the output voltages of the battery modules of different material types are the same through the power converter, so that the parallel connection of the battery modules of different material types can be realized.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of battery modules include at least two of lithium iron phosphate batteries, sodium ion batteries and lithium titanate batteries.

[0014] The plurality of battery modules include at least two of lithium iron phosphate batteries, sodium ion batteries and lithium titanate batteries, which can be selected and combined according to specific application requirements.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery modules of different material types are connected in parallel to the controller.

[0016] The plurality of battery modules of different material types are connected in parallel to the controller, which helps the stable operation and efficient management of the energy storage system.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery module further comprises a battery sampling unit and a battery balancing unit, the input end of the battery sampling unit and the battery balancing unit is connected with the battery cell group, and the output end of the battery sampling unit and the battery balancing unit is connected with the controller.

[0018] The battery sampling unit and the battery balancing unit obtain data by directly connecting the battery cell group, and the results are connected with the controller through the output end, so as to form a closed-loop control system, which helps the efficient and safe operation of the energy storage system.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, each of the battery modules has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite along a first direction, the first surface is provided with a first plug-in part and a first positioning part, the second surface is provided with a second plug-in part and a second positioning part, in the case of stacking a plurality of battery modules along the first direction, the first plug-in part is electrically connected with the second plug-in part of another battery module, and the first positioning part is positioned and matched with the second positioning part of another battery module.

[0020] The controller is provided with a third plug-in part and a third positioning part on the butt joint surface along the first direction, the third plug-in part is electrically connected with the first plug-in part of the battery module at the end of the plurality of battery modules stacked along the first direction, and the third positioning part is positioned and matched with the first positioning part of the battery module at the end of the plurality of battery modules stacked along the first direction.

[0021] The precise fit of the plug-in parts and the positioning parts helps to reliably connect and position the battery modules and the controller, improving the stability and reliability of the entire energy storage system.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery modules are detachably connected, and the controller is detachably connected with the battery modules.

[0023] The detachable connection between the battery modules and between the controller and the battery modules can improve the flexibility and maintainability of the energy storage system.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plug-in part and the first positioning part protrude from the first surface, and the second plug-in part and the second positioning part are recessed relative to the second surface.

[0025] The plug-in parts and the positioning parts are designed to protrude and recess, which can protect the internal components of the battery modules, facilitate stacking and alignment, and enhance the stability of the connection.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plug-in part is a female head, and the second plug-in part is a male head.

[0027] Designing the first plug-in part as a female head and the second plug-in part as a male head can provide a clear connection direction and improve the connection reliability of the energy storage system.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first surface is an upper surface, the second surface is a lower surface, and the interfacing surface of the controller is a lower surface.

[0029] Defining the first surface of the battery module as an upper surface, the second surface as a lower surface, and designing the interfacing surface of the controller as a lower surface helps to achieve flexible stacking of the battery modules and effective management of the energy storage system.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first plug-in part and the first positioning part are recessed relative to the first surface, the second plug-in part and the second positioning part protrude from the second surface, and the controller is located at the bottom of the plurality of battery modules stacked in a first direction.

[0031] Defining the first surface of the battery module as a lower surface, the second surface as an upper surface, and designing the interfacing surface of the controller as an upper surface helps to achieve flexible stacking of the battery modules and effective management of the energy storage system.

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first positioning member comprises a plurality of first positioning members, and the plurality of first positioning members are distributed along the edge of the first surface at intervals; and the second positioning member comprises a plurality of second positioning members, and the plurality of second positioning members are distributed along the edge of the second surface at intervals.

[0033] The first positioning member and the second positioning member are designed as a plurality of positioning members and distributed along the edge of the battery module at intervals, which can improve the connection stability and load capacity of the energy storage system, and enhance the flexibility and scalability of the energy storage system.

[0034] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be made apparent from the following description, which, taken together with the accompanying drawings, describes and illustrates embodiments thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, taken together with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0036] FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery module of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery module of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery module of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery module of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Reference signs: energy storage system 1; battery module 10, first cell group 101, second cell group 102, first power converter 103, second power converter 104; first surface 110, first plug-in member 111, first positioning member 112; second surface 120, second plug-in member 121, second positioning member 122; controller 20; first direction X. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described below in detail, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar notations represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present disclosure, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0045] The present disclosure aims to at least solve the technical problem of insufficient use range and performance advantage of the energy storage system in the related art. To this end, the present disclosure proposes an energy storage system, which can realize more system capacity configuration, thereby improving the use range and performance of the energy storage system.

[0046] The energy storage system 1 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is described below with reference to FIGS. 1-7.

[0047] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the energy storage system 1 includes a controller 20 and a plurality of battery modules 10.

[0048] The energy storage system 1 mainly includes the controller 20 and the plurality of battery modules 10, which are electrically connected and physically positioned through specific connectors and positioning members, and at least two of the plurality of battery modules 10 have different capacities, mainly used to meet specific energy storage requirements or optimize the overall performance of the energy storage system 1, such as flexible energy storage system 1 capacity configuration through free combination of battery modules 10 of different capacities.

[0049] The series connection of battery modules 10 of different capacities does not have the problem of consistency of electrical parameters, but the voltage platforms of the battery modules 10 of different capacities are different, and the parallel connection of the battery modules 10 of different capacities cannot be realized. The voltage platforms of the outputs can be made the same through a power converter, and then the battery modules 10 of different capacities are connected in parallel.

[0050] Each battery module 10 includes a cell group and a power converter electrically connected to the cell group. The cell group is the part of the battery module that stores electrical energy, and its capacity can determine the total electrical energy that the battery module can provide. The power converter is responsible for converting the electrical energy provided by the cell group into a voltage and current suitable for external devices. The power converter can be a direct current converter. The output voltages of the power converters of battery modules 10 of different capacities are the same, that is, the output voltages of the power converters are not affected by the capacity of the cell group. However, the capacity of the cell group affects the output power of the battery module. The larger the capacity of the cell group, the greater the current it provides at the same voltage, and the greater the output power.

[0051] The cell group in the battery module 10 can be divided into a first cell group 101 and a second cell group 102 according to the different capacities. Correspondingly, a first power converter 103 is electrically connected to the first cell group 101, and a second power converter 104 is electrically connected to the second cell group 102.

[0052] The cell group in the battery module 10 in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be a first cell group 101, the cell group in the battery module 10 in FIGS. 5 and 6 can be a second cell group 102, and the battery module 10 in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be combined with the battery module 10 in FIGS. 5 and 6 to form the energy storage system 1.

[0053] In the related art, the energy storage system 1 generally stacks battery modules 10 of the same capacity, which is difficult to accurately meet the power demand of customers, and the energy storage system 1 basically adopts a lithium iron phosphate battery system. The lithium iron phosphate ion battery has poor low-temperature performance and general rate performance. The present disclosure aims at the above defects, stacks battery modules 10 of different capacities, and combines the capacities at will, so as to realize the configuration of more system capacities, and the battery module 10 can also be of different material systems. In different use scenarios, the advantages of the battery of different material systems can be played, so as to improve the use range and performance of the energy storage system 1.

[0054] According to the energy storage system 1 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, by stacking and freely combining battery modules 10 of different capacities, the configuration of more system capacities can be realized, so as to more accurately meet the actual power demand and improve the use range and performance of the energy storage system 1.

[0055] The output voltages of the plurality of battery modules 10 of different capacities are the same, the battery modules 10 can be connected in parallel to form a battery pack, the battery pack is input and output through the uppermost battery module 10, or a controller 20 can be further arranged on the uppermost battery module 10, the battery pack is input and output through the controller 20, and the plurality of battery modules 10 are connected in parallel to the controller 20.

[0056] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the energy storage system 1 further includes a controller 20, an input end of the controller 20 is electrically connected with an output end of the power converter, an output end of the controller 20 is connected with an external circuit, and the plurality of battery modules 10 are connected in parallel to the controller 20.

[0057] The input end of the controller 20 is electrically connected with the output end of the power converter, and the electrical connection can be in two cases. One is signal transmission, the controller 20 is responsible for receiving an input signal and processing the input signal according to a preset logic or algorithm to generate a control output signal. The other is a positive and negative electrode line for transmitting electric energy. The output end of the controller 20 is connected with the external circuit, so that the charging and discharging processes of the entire battery pack can be realized, and the energy storage system 1 can be safely and efficiently operated.

[0058] The output voltages of the battery modules 10 of different capacities are different, and the parallel connection of the battery modules 10 of different capacities cannot be realized. The output voltages can be made the same through the power converter, and then the battery modules 10 of different capacities are connected in parallel to the controller 20.

[0059] It can be understood that the output voltages of the battery modules 10 of different capacities are the same through the power converters, and the multiple battery modules 10 of different capacities can be connected in parallel to the controller 20.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the material types of at least two of the multiple battery modules 10 are different, and the output voltages of the power converters of the battery modules of different material types are the same.

[0061] The battery modules 10 can be different material systems, which can play the advantages of different material system batteries in different use scenarios, meet more application scenarios and performance requirements, and the material types of at least two of the multiple battery modules 10 are different, mainly referring to the difference in the material of the cell group. Common materials include lithium iron phosphate, lithium titanate, and ternary lithium.

[0062] The consistency of electrical parameters exists in the series and parallel connection of the battery modules 10 of different material systems, that is, the voltage platforms output by the battery modules 10 of different material systems are different, and the parallel connection of the battery modules 10 of different material systems cannot be realized. The output voltage platforms of the battery modules 10 of different material systems can be made the same through the power converters, and the discharge characteristics of the battery modules 10 of different material systems are also different, resulting in different pressure drop speeds during use, and the series connection of the battery modules 10 of different material systems cannot be realized.

[0063] Each battery module 10 includes a cell group and a power converter electrically connected to the cell group, and the output voltages of the power converters of the battery modules 10 of different material types are the same, that is, the output voltages of the power converters are not affected by the material types of the cell groups.

[0064] The cell group in the battery module 10 can be divided into a first cell group 101 and a second cell group 102 according to the difference in the material, and correspondingly, a first power converter 103 is electrically connected to the first cell group 101, and a second power converter 104 is electrically connected to the second cell group 102, and the battery modules 10 of different capacities are connected in parallel.

[0065] It can be understood that the material types of at least two of the multiple battery modules 10 are different, which can play different advantages in different use scenarios, thereby improving the use range and performance of the energy storage system 1, and the output voltages of the battery modules 10 of different material types are the same through the power converters, and the parallel connection of the battery modules 10 of different material types can be realized.

[0066] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the multiple battery modules 10 include at least two of lithium iron phosphate batteries, sodium ion batteries, lithium titanate batteries, and ternary lithium batteries.

[0067] At least two of the lithium iron phosphate battery, the sodium-ion battery, the lithium titanate battery, and the ternary lithium battery can be combined to give full play to the advantages of different material systems of batteries and achieve performance complementation. For example, one material system of the battery module 10 is lithium iron phosphate, and another material system can be one or more of a sodium-ion battery, a lithium titanate battery, and a ternary lithium battery. When different material systems of battery modules 10 are combined, the advantages of the respective battery cells can be given full play.

[0068] The lithium iron phosphate battery has high safety, long cycle life, good thermal stability, and relatively low cost, but a battery module 10 of the same capacity composed of lithium iron phosphate batteries performs poorly at low temperatures. The performance of the sodium-ion battery is good during charging and discharging, but the energy density of the sodium-ion battery is relatively low. The lithium titanate battery has ultra-fast charging and discharging speed, excellent cycle stability, and a long service life, and can complete the charging and discharging process in a very short time, which is suitable for application scenarios that require fast charging and discharging. However, the energy density of the lithium titanate battery is also relatively low.

[0069] By combining the lithium iron phosphate battery with the sodium-ion battery, the needs of cost, safety, and energy density can be balanced. The lithium iron phosphate battery provides high safety and long life, while the sodium-ion battery helps to reduce costs. By combining the lithium iron phosphate battery with the lithium titanate battery, the fast charging and discharging capability of the system can be improved while ensuring safety, which is suitable for application scenarios that require fast response and frequent charging and discharging.

[0070] It can be understood that at least two of the lithium iron phosphate battery, the sodium-ion battery, the lithium titanate battery, and the ternary lithium battery are included in the plurality of battery modules 10, which can be selected and combined according to specific application requirements.

[0071] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, battery modules 10 of different material types are connected in parallel to the controller 20.

[0072] The controller 20 can monitor the status of each battery module 10 in real time, including key parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, etc., implement battery equalization control, reduce overcharging or overdischarging problems caused by differences between individual battery cells, and prolong the service life of the battery.

[0073] The controller 20 can also uniformly schedule the charging and discharging processes of each battery module 10 according to system requirements and battery status. For example, during charging, the charging current and voltage are reasonably distributed according to the characteristics and charging requirements of the battery module 10, and during discharging, the current distribution between the battery modules 10 is balanced to reduce overcurrent or undercurrent phenomena.

[0074] It can be understood that the plurality of battery modules 10 with different material types are connected in parallel to the controller 20, which helps to stabilize the operation of the system and efficiently manage the system.

[0075] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7, the battery module 10 further comprises a battery sampling unit and a battery balancing unit, the input end of the battery sampling unit and the battery balancing unit is connected with the battery cell group, and the output end of the battery sampling unit and the battery balancing unit is connected with the controller 20.

[0076] The battery sampling unit is mainly responsible for monitoring the voltage, current, temperature and other key parameters of the battery cell group in the battery module 10, and converting these analog signals into digital signals for subsequent processing. The input end of the battery sampling unit is directly connected with the battery cell group, and the output end of the battery sampling unit is connected with the controller 20, and the collected data is sent to the controller for further analysis and processing.

[0077] The battery balancing unit is mainly responsible for solving the performance difference problem between the battery cell groups of each battery module 10 due to material difference or capacity difference, and reducing the overcharge or overdischarge of the battery cell group caused by performance difference. Similar to the battery sampling unit, the input end of the battery balancing unit is also directly connected with the battery cell group. The battery balancing unit can charge or discharge the battery cell group through a specific balancing circuit to achieve power balance. The output end of the battery balancing unit is also connected with the controller 20.

[0078] The controller can receive data from the battery sampling unit, analyze the current state of the battery group, and issue instructions to the battery balancing unit as needed to adjust the power balance between each battery module 10.

[0079] It can be understood that the battery sampling unit and the battery balancing unit obtain data by directly connecting the battery cell group, and the results are connected with the controller through the output end, which can form a closed-loop control system to maintain the efficient and safe operation of the energy storage system 1.

[0080] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 3-6, each battery module 10 has a first face 110 and a second face 120 arranged opposite along a first direction X, the first face 110 is provided with a first plug 111 and a first positioning piece 112, and the second face 120 is provided with a second plug 121 and a second positioning piece 122. In the case of stacking a plurality of battery modules 10 along the first direction X, the first plug 111 is electrically connected with the second plug 121 of another battery module 10, and the first positioning piece 112 is positioned and matched with the second positioning piece 122 of another battery module 10.

[0081] The battery module 10 in FIG. 3 can be connected to the second plug-in connector 121 on the second face 120 of the battery module 10 in FIG. 6 through the first plug-in connector 111 on the first face 110, and the battery module 10 in FIG. 4 can be connected to the first plug-in connector 111 on the first face 110 of the battery module 10 in FIG. 5 through the second plug-in connector 121 on the second face 120, forming the energy storage system 1.

[0082] The controller 20 is provided with a third plug-in connector and a third positioning connector on the butt face in the first direction X, the third plug-in connector is electrically connected to the first plug-in connector 111 of the battery module 10 at the end of the plurality of battery modules 10 stacked in the first direction X, and the third positioning connector is positioned and matched with the first positioning connector 112 of the battery module 10 at the end of the plurality of battery modules 10 stacked in the first direction X.

[0083] The controller 20 can be divided into two cases of being placed on the top and the bottom, and the upper surface can be regarded as the first face 110, then the controller 20 is on the top, and vice versa, the lower surface is regarded as the first face 110, then the controller 20 is on the bottom.

[0084] It can be understood that through the precise cooperation of the plug-in connector and the positioning connector, the reliable connection and positioning between the battery modules 10 and between the battery modules 10 and the controller 20 are facilitated, and the stability and reliability of the entire energy storage system 1 are improved.

[0085] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the battery modules 10 are detachably connected, and the controller 20 is detachably connected with the battery modules 10.

[0086] In the detachable connection between the battery modules 10, each battery module 10 is an independent unit and can be taken out or replaced individually without affecting other battery modules 10, when a certain battery module 10 fails or its performance decreases, it can be quickly removed from the energy storage system 1 and replaced with a new module, thereby reducing downtime, and when the energy storage demand increases, more battery modules 10 can be added to expand the capacity of the energy storage system 1 without major modification to the existing energy storage system 1.

[0087] In the detachable connection between the controller 20 and the battery modules 10, the controller 20 can be replaced or upgraded according to actual needs to adapt to different application scenarios or performance requirements, and facilitate fault diagnosis, when the energy storage system 1 has a problem, the controller 20 and the battery modules 10 can be tested separately to determine the source of the fault, thereby simplifying the troubleshooting process.

[0088] The detachable connection usually adopts standardized interfaces and connectors, such as plug-in connectors with reliable contact performance and locking mechanisms that can maintain stable electrical connections in a vibrating or impact environment, and positioning connectors that help the correct alignment and positioning of the battery modules 10 and the controller 20 during the connection process, and can also provide a certain support force to reduce the risk of the modules loosening or falling off during the stacking process.

[0089] It can be understood that through the detachable connection between the battery modules 10 and between the controller 20 and the battery modules 10, the flexibility and maintainability of the energy storage system 1 can be improved.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 3-6, the first plug-in connector 111 and the first positioning connector 112 are both protruding from the first face 110, and the second plug-in connector 121 and the second positioning connector 122 are both recessed with respect to the second face 120.

[0091] The protruding first plug-in connector 111 and the first positioning connector 112 can naturally match the recessed second plug-in connector 121 and the second positioning connector 122 of the adjacent battery module 10 when stacking, thereby achieving quick and accurate alignment, reducing errors and uncertainties during the stacking process, and improving the assembly efficiency of the system. At the same time, the protruding design can provide a deeper insertion depth for the plug-in connector when connected, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the connection, and the protruding part of the positioning connector can also better embed into the groove of the adjacent battery module 10, providing additional positioning support and reducing sliding.

[0092] Designing the plug-in connector and the positioning connector in a protruding and recessed form can also protect the electrical and mechanical components inside the battery module 10 from external impact and damage to some extent. The protruding part can act as a buffer area to absorb part of the impact energy and reduce the risk of direct contact of foreign objects to sensitive electrical connection points.

[0093] It can be understood that designing the plug-in connector and the positioning connector in a protruding and recessed form can protect the internal components of the battery module 10 and facilitate stacking and alignment, enhancing the stability of the connection.

[0094] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 3-6, the first plug-in connector 111 is a female connector, and the second plug-in connector 121 is a male connector.

[0095] Designing the first plug-in connector 111 as a female connector and the second plug-in connector 121 as a male connector is a common electrical connection method that can facilitate electrical connection of the battery modules 10 when stacking, while improving the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0096] The design of the female head and the male head can make the battery module 10 only connect in a specific direction when stacked, thereby reducing the risk of connection errors, and after the plug is inserted into the socket, there is usually a certain locking mechanism, such as a spring lock, a threaded lock, etc., to make the connection stable and not loose.

[0097] It can be understood that designing the first plug 111 as a female head and the second plug 121 as a male head can provide a clear connection direction and improve the connection reliability of the energy storage system 1.

[0098] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the first surface 110 is the upper surface, and the second surface 120 is the lower surface. The docking surface of the controller 20 is the lower surface.

[0099] Each battery module 10 is designed with a first surface 110 and a second surface 120 opposite to each other along the first direction X, i.e. the vertical direction, the first surface 110 being the upper surface and the second surface 120 being the lower surface, the first surface 110 being provided with a first plug 111 and a first positioning member 112 for connecting and positioning with the plug and the positioning member above, and the second surface 120 being provided with a second plug 121 and a second positioning member 122 for connecting and positioning with the first plug 111 and the first positioning member 112 of the battery module 10 below. The provision of the plug and the positioning member on the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 can facilitate the stacking of the battery module 10 in the same direction, and realize electrical connection through the plug and improve the stability and accuracy of the stacking through the positioning member.

[0100] When a plurality of battery modules 10 are stacked along the first direction X, the first plug 111 of each battery module 10 is electrically connected with the second plug 121 of the battery module 10 above, and at the same time, the first positioning member 112 cooperates with the second positioning member 122 of the battery module 10 above, so that the battery modules 10 are combined in series or in parallel, which can form a larger energy storage unit while ensuring the reliability and stability of the connection.

[0101] The controller 20 is placed on the top of the stacked battery modules 10, and the docking surface thereof is the lower surface, which is provided with a third plug and a third positioning member for connecting and positioning with the battery module 10 located at the top among the plurality of battery modules 10 stacked along the first direction X, so that the controller 20 can be easily integrated into the stack of battery modules 10, thereby realizing the control and monitoring of the entire energy storage system 1. At the same time, the controller 20 does not contain battery cells, and the plug on the lower surface thereof is only used for data transmission, state monitoring and control signals, etc., and does not involve direct power transmission.

[0102] The electrical connection between the battery modules 10 is achieved through the insertion of the insertion pieces, and the electrical energy can be transferred from one battery module 10 to another battery module 10, and finally managed and distributed by the controller 20, and the positioning pieces help the battery modules 10 to maintain the correct position and alignment during the stacking process, reduce looseness or misalignment, and help to improve the stability of the electrical connection and the overall performance of the energy storage system 1.

[0103] It can be understood that defining the first face 110 of the battery module 10 as the upper surface, the second face 120 as the lower surface, and designing the docking face of the controller 20 as the lower surface, helps to achieve flexible stacking of the battery module 10 and effective management of the energy storage system 1.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first insertion piece 111 and the first positioning piece 112 are both recessed with respect to the first face 110, and the second insertion piece 121 and the second positioning piece 122 are both protruding from the second face 120, and the controller 20 is located at the bottom of the plurality of battery modules 10 stacked along the first direction X.

[0105] With the first face 110 as the lower surface, the second face 120 as the upper surface, and the docking face of the controller 20 as the upper surface, the lower surface of the battery module 10 has protruding insertion pieces and positioning pieces, and the upper surface has recessed corresponding interfaces, the protruding second insertion piece 121 and the second positioning piece 122 match the recessed interfaces of the battery module 10 below, thereby simplifying the stacking process, and the protruding insertion pieces and positioning pieces can provide additional locking force or friction when inserted into the recessed interfaces, thereby helping to stabilize the connection between the battery modules 10.

[0106] The controller 20 is located at the bottom of the stacked battery modules 10, and the docking face is the upper surface, which is connected with the insertion pieces and positioning pieces on the lower surface of the bottommost battery module 10, and the controller 20 does not directly participate in the storage of electrical energy, but is responsible for monitoring, managing and distributing electrical energy, and placing it at the bottom can facilitate communication and control with the entire battery pack.

[0107] It can be understood that defining the first face 110 of the battery module 10 as the lower surface, the second face 120 as the upper surface, and designing the docking face of the controller 20 as the upper surface, helps to achieve flexible stacking of the battery module 10 and effective management of the energy storage system 1.

[0108] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 3-6, the first positioning piece 112 includes a plurality of first positioning pieces 112, and the plurality of first positioning pieces 112 are distributed along the edge of the first face 110; the second positioning piece 122 includes a plurality of second positioning pieces 122, and the plurality of second positioning pieces 122 are distributed along the edge of the second face 120.

[0109] The main function of the positioning member is to enable the battery module 10 to be accurately positioned and aligned during stacking. By being distributed along the edge, the positioning member can provide a stable support frame for the battery module 10, reducing misalignment or shaking between modules. At the same time, when multiple battery modules 10 are stacked together, the weight and pressure of the battery module 10 will be transmitted to the underlying battery module 10. By distributing the positioning member along the edge, the pressure can be effectively dispersed, reducing the burden on individual positioning members, thereby improving the overall carrying capacity of the energy storage system 1. The positioning member can also enhance the connection stability between modules through physical contact, helping the battery module 10 to maintain close connection under the influence of external factors such as vibration or impact.

[0110] It can be understood that designing the first positioning member 112 and the second positioning member 122 as multiple and distributing them along the edge of the battery module 10 can improve the connection stability and carrying capacity of the energy storage system 1, and enhance the flexibility and scalability of the energy storage system 1.

Claims

1. An energy storage system (1), wherein, The application relates to a battery module and a battery pack. The application comprises:

2. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of battery modules (10), at least two of which have different capacities, and each of which comprises a cell group and a power converter electrically connected to the cell group, the output voltages of the power converters of the battery modules (10) with different capacities being the same.

3. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The application further comprises a controller (20), an input end of which is electrically connected to an output end of the power converter, and an output end of which is connected to an external circuit, the plurality of battery modules (10) being connected in parallel to the controller (20).

4. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 3, wherein At least two of the plurality of battery modules (10) are of different material types, and the output voltages of the power converters of the battery modules (10) of different material types are the same.

5. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein The plurality of battery modules (10) comprise at least two of lithium iron phosphate batteries, sodium ion batteries, lithium titanate batteries and ternary lithium batteries.

6. The energy storage system (1) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The battery modules (10) of different material types are connected in parallel to the controller (20).

7. The energy storage system (1) according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The battery module (10) further comprises a battery sampling unit and a battery balancing unit, input ends of the battery sampling unit and the battery balancing unit being connected to the cell group, and output ends of the battery sampling unit and the battery balancing unit being connected to the controller (20). Each of the battery modules (10) has a first face (110) and a second face (120) oppositely arranged along a first direction (X), the first face (110) being provided with a first plug (111) and a first positioning member (112), the second face (120) being provided with a second plug (121) and a second positioning member (122), in the case that the plurality of battery modules (10) are stacked along the first direction (X), the first plug (111) is electrically connected to the second plug (121) of another battery module (10), and the first positioning member (112) is positioned and matched with the second positioning member (122) of another battery module (10).

8. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 7, wherein The controller (20) is provided with a third plug and a third positioning member on a butt joint surface along the first direction (X), the third plug is electrically connected to the first plug (111) of an end battery module (10) in the plurality of battery modules (10) stacked along the first direction (X), and the third positioning member is positioned and matched with the first positioning member (112) of the end battery module (10) in the plurality of battery modules (10) stacked along the first direction (X).

9. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein The battery modules (10) are detachably connected, and the controller (20) is detachably connected to the battery modules (10).

10. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 9, wherein The first plug (111) and the first positioning member (112) are both protruded from the first face (110), and the second plug (121) and the second positioning member (122) are both recessed relative to the second face (120). The first plug (111) is a female head, and the second plug (121) is a male head.

11. The energy storage system (1) according to claim 9 or 10, wherein The first face (110) is an upper surface, the second face (120) is a lower surface, and the docking face of the controller (20) is a lower surface.

12. The energy storage system of any one of claims 7-11, wherein, The first plug (111) and the first positioning member (112) are recessed relative to the first face (110), and the second plug (121) and the second positioning member (122) are protruded from the second face (120). The controller (20) is located at the bottom of a plurality of battery modules (10) stacked in a first direction (X).

13. The energy storage system (1) according to any one of claims 7-12, wherein, The first positioning member (112) comprises a plurality of first positioning members (112) distributed along the edge of the first face (110) at intervals; and the second positioning member (122) comprises a plurality of second positioning members (122) distributed along the edge of the second face (120) at intervals.

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