Oscillating photovoltaic stable power generation system

Abstract

An oscillating photovoltaic (panel) stable power generation system, comprising a photovoltaic support and a photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is provided with a buffer mechanism and an overload release device; the buffer mechanism can effectively absorb kinetic energy, limit the oscillation amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, decelerate the oscillation speed of the photovoltaic panel, and automatically restore the photovoltaic panel to the original position after strong winds. The overload release device can automatically transfer the photovoltaic panel to the buffer mechanism after strong winds so as to limit the oscillation amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, thereby automatically protecting the photovoltaic panel from damage caused by strong wind impact. The present application overcomes the technical shortcomings of existing static wind‑resistance designs, reduces the wind resistance of the system, and can not only withstand super typhoons, but also ensure stable power generation and irrigation, thereby promoting agricultural production.

Description

Swing photovoltaic stable power generation system

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411305656.4, filed on September 19, 2024, entitled “Dynamic wind-resistant photovoltaic system”; the Chinese patent application No. 202411319246.5, filed on September 22, 2024, entitled “Dynamic wind-resistant photovoltaic system”; the Chinese patent application No. 202411280294.8, filed on September 13, 2024, entitled “Dynamic wind-resistant flexible photovoltaic support power generation system”; the Chinese patent application No. 202521585081.6, filed on July 29, 2025, entitled “Swing photovoltaic stable power generation system”, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and specifically relates to a swing photovoltaic (panel) stable power generation system. BACKGROUND

[0003] The patent “Farmland high-altitude photovoltaic power generation method and photovoltaic power generation suspension cable (CN117792235B)” of the present applicant provides a method for utilizing the space above farmland for photovoltaic power generation. It erects a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable to the space above farmland through a vertical rod, which absorbs solar energy for power generation in the air and simultaneously irrigates water, achieving complementary development of agricultural production and photovoltaic power generation (agri-photovoltaic complementation). However, the cost of the photovoltaic power generation suspension cable is relatively high.

[0004] The patent document “Agriculture-photovoltaic complementary flexible photovoltaic support with stackable photovoltaic module (CN119109385B)” discloses an agri-photovoltaic complementary wind-resistant technical solution that can retract the photovoltaic panel in extreme gales, hail, and other weather conditions. However, its cost is too high to be widely applied. The “Solar photovoltaic module support for fish-photovoltaic complementation (CN204498056U)” shown in FIG. 1 is a photovoltaic system including a vertical column, a crossbeam, and a photovoltaic panel. The present applicant found that the existing technologies have a common feature: they use a firm photovoltaic support to stabilize the photovoltaic panel, and use a static photovoltaic panel to resist strong wind attacks. In short, they adopt a static wind-resistant technical route and design concept.

[0005] The applicant investigated many agricultural and photovoltaic complementary technology implementation cases adopting the static wind resistance technical route, and found that a certain fish and photovoltaic complementary photovoltaic power generation demonstration project located in Sanjiang Town, Meilan District, Haikou City, Hainan Province, built in May 2024, adopting the technical scheme shown in FIG. 1, with a installed capacity of 100 MW and an area of 1663 mu, was completely blown down in the No. 11 typhoon (Makai typhoon) in 2024, causing economic losses of more than 400 million yuan. Statistics show that the Makai typhoon caused losses of more than 8 billion yuan in photovoltaic power generation projects. It can be seen that the current technical route of static wind resistance, with the design concept of static photovoltaic panels resisting strong winds, has been severely challenged by super typhoons. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a rocking photovoltaic stable power generation system to achieve the technical effect of resisting super typhoons in extraordinary periods and stable power generation in normal conditions, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing cost and increasing efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application proposes a rocking photovoltaic (panel) stable power generation system different from the current static wind resistance technical route.

[0008] The present application provides a rocking photovoltaic (panel) stable power generation system, comprising a photovoltaic support with a stand and a crossbeam and a photovoltaic panel:

[0009] ① The photovoltaic panel is arranged on the photovoltaic support through a non-fixed mounting structure, which allows the photovoltaic panel to rock (around a preset axis or direction) relative to the photovoltaic support when encountering strong winds; in this way, the windward area of the photovoltaic panel is dynamically adjusted (reduced), the wind passage is expanded, the impact of wind force on the photovoltaic panel is reduced, and the wind resistance performance (of the entire photovoltaic system) is improved;

[0010] ② The photovoltaic panel remains relatively static (not absolutely static) in a normal state facing the sky in the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, to accept sunlight for stable power generation;

[0011] ③ The photovoltaic panel is provided with at least one buffering mechanism (preferably connected to the rocking photovoltaic panel and the fixed photovoltaic support), which includes but is not limited to a spring mechanism or a weight mechanism. The buffering mechanism is used to effectively absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel through the buffering mechanism such as elasticity (of the spring) or gravity (of the weight) when encountering strong winds, limit the rocking amplitude of the photovoltaic panel (caused by wind force), and slow down the rocking speed of the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is protected from excessive stress damage (caused by violent rocking), and the photovoltaic panel is (automatically) reset to the static normal state facing the sky after the strong wind;

[0012] (4) The photovoltaic panel is equipped with an overload release device; when there is no wind or light wind, the device is used to limit (such as tying, blocking, stopping, blocking, holding, binding or locking, etc.) the photovoltaic panel in a relatively static state facing the sky; when encountering strong wind (and the wind force exceeds the preset threshold, that is, the wind load is overloaded), the device is used to automatically release the photovoltaic panel, and (automatically) hand over the photovoltaic panel to the buffer mechanism to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel to perform wind load overload protection and avoid blowing the photovoltaic panel.

[0013] It should be noted that the "buffer mechanism" described in the present application refers to a design for reducing or absorbing the impact of wind power and other kinetic energy on the photovoltaic panel to protect the structure of the photovoltaic panel and maintain its power generation function. The mechanism includes but is not limited to spring mechanism, elastic mechanism, brake mechanism, weight mechanism or damping mechanism, etc.

[0014] The existing technical materials show that when the pulling force generated by the wind is small, the spring does not elongate; when the pulling force exceeds a certain value (such as 4.13 kg), the spring begins to elongate, and this certain pulling force value is usually called the critical pulling force or yield point of the spring; when the pulling force is large, the maximum length that the spring can elongate is its maximum working length L. After the "buffer mechanism" is adopted in the present application, when the wind is not strong (light wind), the pulling force generated by the wind blowing the photovoltaic panel is less than the yield point of the spring or the gravity of the weight, and the spring or the weight cannot be pulled, so the spring or the weight can keep the photovoltaic panel in a relatively static state facing the sky; when strong wind comes, the pulling force is greater than the yield point of the spring or the gravity of the weight, and the spring or the weight can be pulled to make the photovoltaic panel swing with the strong wind to buffer the wind power.

[0015] Preferably, the spring mechanism includes at least one spring, one end of the spring (directly or indirectly through a lever) is connected to the swingable photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to the fixed photovoltaic support (including connecting the support components such as columns, beams, vertical rods, etc. in the photovoltaic support), which is used to pull and keep the photovoltaic panel in a relatively static state facing the sky, and also used to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel; the total yield point of the spring used for a single photovoltaic panel: ≥ C × D × 9.25 N / m 2 , preferably ≥ C × D × 19.6 N / m 2 , more preferably ≥ C × D × 35.7 N / m 2 , wherein C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0016] Preferably, the weight mechanism includes at least one weight, which is suspended to pull the photovoltaic panel by gravity, and is used to pull and keep the photovoltaic panel in a relatively static state facing the sky, and also used to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. The total weight of the weight used for a single photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥ C × D × 0.95 kg / m2 , preferably ≥ C x D x 2 kg / m 2 , more preferably ≥ C x D x 3.65 kg / m 2 , where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0017] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel is mounted on a beam or a vertical pole in the photovoltaic support in a non-fixed manner, including but not limited to a hinged connection (structure), a pivot connection (structure), or a hanging connection (structure).

[0018] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel is mounted on a pivot in the photovoltaic support and swings around the axis with the pivot. Preferably, the swing angle of the photovoltaic panel is limited to within 135 degrees to avoid breaking the electrical connection line due to the rotation.

[0019] Preferably, the spring mechanism or the weight mechanism connects the photovoltaic panel and the photovoltaic support through a lever, where the ratio of the length of the lever B to the width of the photovoltaic panel D B / D ≥ 0.5. The ratio of the length of the lever B to the width of the photovoltaic panel D B / D is preferably ≥ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 10, so as to use a cheap spring with a small yield point (such as 4.13-12.26 kg) to keep the photovoltaic panel stationary; the ratio of the length of the lever B to the maximum working length L of the spring B / L ≥ 1.5, 3, or 6, so as to limit the swing range of the photovoltaic panel. Studies have shown that the longer the length of the lever B (the larger the B / D value), the greater the torque, the easier it is to stabilize the photovoltaic panel, and the length of the lever B is preferably 1-2 m.

[0020] The buffering mechanism includes but is not limited to any one of a spring mechanism, an elastic mechanism, a brake mechanism, a weight mechanism, or a damping mechanism.

[0021] The "non-fixed mounting" means that the photovoltaic panel can swing relative to the photovoltaic support within a certain range, rather than being completely fixed. The non-fixed mounting structure is preferably a hanging connection structure, and the distance Y between the panel beam and the hanging connection structure is ≤ 200 mm, preferably ≤ 100 mm, more preferably ≤ 50 mm, further preferably ≤ 25 mm, and extremely preferably ≤ 12.5 mm. Studies have shown that the shorter the length of the hanging connection, the smaller the angle of the photovoltaic panel in the strong wind, the less likely it is to twist, and thus the more conducive to protecting the photovoltaic panel.

[0022] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel is kept in a relatively static state facing the sky in the absence of wind or in the presence of a small wind; the relatively static state includes a slight swing state with a swing angle of ≤3°, preferably a slight swing state with a swing angle of ≤2°, which does not affect the sunlight receiving efficiency and power generation stability, and is therefore included in the normal state. Comparative experiments show that if the photovoltaic panel is kept in an absolute static state facing the sky in the presence of a small wind, a very high support cost must be paid to maintain the static state (about 0.38 yuan / watt), otherwise, if the photovoltaic panel is allowed to have a slight swing with a swing angle of ≤3° in the presence of a small wind, only a small cost is needed to maintain the static state (about 0.12 yuan / watt). Research also shows that the slight swing with a swing angle of ≤3° has an impact of 0.1%-2% on the light photovoltaic panel electric efficiency, and an actual contribution impact of <1% on the total power generation throughout the day, which is a small error acceptable in technology, far lower than the impact of dust, temperature, shadow and other factors on the power generation efficiency (for example, dust can cause a 5%-10% decrease in efficiency, and high temperature can cause a 10%-20% decrease in efficiency), therefore, allowing the photovoltaic panel to have a slight swing with a swing angle of ≤3° is a technical innovation with obvious beneficial technical effects.

[0023] As is known to those skilled in the art of photovoltaic power generation, when multiple photovoltaic panels are connected in series or in parallel and randomly swing in the presence of sufficient sunlight and small wind, the output power will be greatly reduced due to the coupling of circuit characteristics and dynamic light conditions, and the specific reduction is significantly affected by the swing angle and circuit topology. In a series system, the total current is determined by the photovoltaic panel with the smallest output current (the bucket effect). Random swinging caused by small wind will cause the light receiving angle of each photovoltaic panel to deviate from the optimal value (±5°-10°), and when a single panel deviates by 10°, the photo-generated current will decrease by 25%-30% (based on AM1.5 standard spectrum experimental data). If 2-3 panels in a 10-panel series deviate by 10°, the total current will be clamped at a low level, and the randomness of angle fluctuation will cause the average power of the system to decrease by 35%-45% compared to static installation. In a parallel system, the total voltage is determined by the lowest voltage of the branch, and the open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic panel decreases with the angle deviation (5% -8% at 5°, 15%-20% at 10°). When one panel in a parallel branch deviates by 10°, the total voltage will be forced to decrease by 15%-20%, and the current in each branch will fluctuate unevenly due to the angle difference, resulting in a 25%-35% decrease in total power (10-panel parallel panel experimental data). If a series-parallel hybrid topology is used (such as 5 series 2 parallel), the two effects are superimposed: the current limitation of the series branch and the voltage pull-down of the parallel branch interact with each other, and under the condition of a swing angle of ±10° and a wind speed of 3-5 m / s, the system average power reduction will reach 40%-50%, and the power fluctuation amplitude will also increase by more than 60%, which will further reduce the energy collection efficiency. In summary, in order to improve the energy collection efficiency, the photovoltaic panel is preferably kept relatively static and allowed to have a slight swing in the absence of wind and in the presence of a small wind.

[0024] Research shows that, in theory, when the total yield point of the spring matched with a single photovoltaic panel is high enough or the total weight of the matched weight is large enough, it can provide enough pulling force to keep the photovoltaic panel stationary in a windless or light wind environment. But practice shows that excessive pulling force will cause a series of problems: for example, when strong winds hit, it is difficult for the photovoltaic panel to overcome the pulling force to swing to buffer kinetic energy; in addition, in order to provide excessive pulling force, high yield strength springs (higher cost) or heavy weights need to be matched, which will increase the load of the photovoltaic support and lead to cost increase. In summary, practice has proved that it is a pair of contradictory contradictions to both have high enough spring yield point and heavy enough weight to maintain the stability of the photovoltaic panel and to ensure its good buffering performance. To solve this contradiction, the applicant proposes the following specific technical solutions of a variety of overload release devices. Comparative tests show that the application of the overload release device can reduce the swing angle of the photovoltaic panel from ≤3° to ≤1°, which can further enhance the stability of the photovoltaic panel.

[0025] Preferably, the overload release device includes a limiting permanent magnet, which, in a windless or light wind environment, relies on the limiting permanent magnet to attract and limit the photovoltaic panel to a relatively stationary normal state facing the sky; when strong winds are encountered (and the wind force on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the magnetic attraction force), the pulling force generated by the wind blowing the photovoltaic panel (to make the photovoltaic panel itself) break away from the magnetic force limitation, and the buffer mechanism absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thereby forming a wind load overload automatic protection system; the total magnetic attraction force of the limiting permanent magnet used for a single photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×9.25N / m 2 , preferably ≥C×D×19.6N / m 2 , more preferably ≥C×D×35.7N / m 2 , wherein C is the length of the photovoltaic panel, and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel.

[0026] Preferably, the overload release device includes a limiting bolt and its electric device, which, in a windless or light wind environment, relies on the limiting bolt to bolt and limit the photovoltaic panel to a relatively stationary normal state facing the sky; when strong winds are encountered, (such as receiving a wind speed sensor signal instruction) automatically start the electric device to move away the limiting bolt, so that the photovoltaic panel is released from the limitation, and is automatically replaced by the spring to limit the swing amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panel, thereby forming a wind load overload automatic protection system.

[0027] Preferably, the overload release device comprises a limiting fuse rope and its electric heating element; in the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the limiting fuse rope binds the photovoltaic panel and limits it to a relatively static normal state facing the sky; in the presence of strong wind, the electric heating element is automatically turned on (e.g. automatically upon receiving a signal from a wind speed sensor) to heat the limiting fuse rope, causing the rope to fuse and release the photovoltaic panel from the limitation, which is then absorbed by the buffer mechanism to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thus forming a wind load overload automatic protection system.

[0028] Preferably, the overload release device comprises a limiting overload self-breaking rope, in the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the limiting overload self-breaking rope binds the photovoltaic panel and limits it to a relatively static normal state facing the sky; in the presence of strong wind (and the wind force on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the breaking strength of the limiting overload self-breaking rope), the tension generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel (causing the photovoltaic panel) to break the limiting overload self-breaking rope, which is then absorbed by the buffer mechanism to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thus forming a wind load overload automatic protection system.

[0029] Preferably, the overload release device comprises a limiting weight, in the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the limiting weight presses (or pulls) the photovoltaic panel and limits it to a relatively static normal state facing the sky; in the presence of strong wind (and the wind force on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the weight of the limiting weight), the tension generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel (causing the photovoltaic panel itself) to pull up the limiting weight, which is then absorbed by the buffer mechanism to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thus forming a wind load overload automatic protection system.

[0030] Preferably, the overload release device comprises a spring with a large yield point, which is used to pull the photovoltaic panel through the unstretched spring in the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind to maintain a relatively static normal state facing the sky and allow the photovoltaic panel to have a small swing with a swing angle ≤3°, and when the tension generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the total yield point of the spring (i.e. the initial tension), the spring is stretched to release the photovoltaic panel from the limitation, which is then absorbed by the buffer mechanism to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thus forming a wind load overload automatic protection system; the total yield point of the spring used for a single photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×9.25N / m 2 , preferably ≥C×D×19.6N / m 2 , more preferably ≥C×D×35.7N / m 2 , where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel. The spring size can be selected according to the size of the photovoltaic panel, such as the appropriate size of the total yield point of 4.13kg, 5kg, 10kg, 15kg, 50kg or 122kg, etc.

[0031] The research shows that the wind speed of strong wind (above 6) is above 10.8 m / s, the wind pressure on the vertically hung photovoltaic panel (perpendicular to the wind direction) is above 7.29 kg / m 2 (71.4 N / m 2 ), the horizontal beam and the stabilizing rod each bear 50% of the wind pressure, i.e. 35.7 N / m 2 ; the wind speed of strong wind (above 5) is above 8 m / s, the wind pressure on the vertically hung photovoltaic panel is above 4 kg / m 2 (39.2 N / m 2 ), the horizontal beam and the stabilizing rod each bear 50% of the wind pressure, i.e. 19.6 N / m 2 ; the wind speed of slightly strong wind (above 4) is above 5.5 m / s, the wind pressure on the vertically hung photovoltaic panel is above 1.89 kg / m 2 (18.5 N / m 2 ), the horizontal beam and the stabilizing rod each bear 50% of the wind pressure, i.e. 9.25 N / m 2 .

[0032] To meet the requirement that the spring can stabilize the photovoltaic panel in the non-stretched state under non-strong wind (4, 5, or 6 or below), the spring specification selection criteria are as follows: the total yield point of the spring used for a single photovoltaic panel is ≥ C x D x 9.25 N / m 2 (adapting to wind force above 4), preferably ≥ C x D x 19.6 N / m 2 (adapting to wind force above 5), more preferably ≥ C x D x 35.7 N / m 2 (adapting to wind force above 6), wherein C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel. Similarly, if the weight buffering mechanism or the overload release device is used, the weight specification selection criteria are as follows: the total weight of the weight used for a single photovoltaic panel is ≥ C x D x 9.25 N / m 2 (adapting to wind force above 4), preferably ≥ C x D x 19.6 N / m 2 (adapting to wind force above 5), more preferably ≥ C x D x 35.7 N / m 2 (adapting to wind force above 6). If the overload release device uses a permanent magnet, the total magnetic attraction thereof needs to meet ≥ C x D x 9.25 N / m 2 , preferably ≥ C x D x 19.6 N / m 2 , more preferably ≥ C x D x 35.7 N / m 2 .

[0033] Preferably, the overload release device comprises a spring, a limiting slide near the frame of the photovoltaic panel or a lever (fixed on the photovoltaic support), and a limiting pull rope (flexible or rigid) passing through (around or through) the limiting slide; the limiting pull rope on one side of the limiting slide is shorter, and the short section is connected to the photovoltaic panel (directly or indirectly through a lever), and the limiting pull rope on the other side is longer, and the long section is connected to the spring; when there is no wind or small wind (for example, below 5-level wind), the unstretched spring pulls the photovoltaic panel through the short section of the limiting pull rope to keep it stationary; when the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the total yield point of the spring, the photovoltaic panel stretches the spring by itself (at this time it cannot be pulled), and the elastic deformation of the stretched spring absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thereby forming a wind load overload automatic protection system; the total yield point of the spring used for a single photovoltaic panel: ≥C×D×9.25N / m 2 , preferably ≥C×D×19.6N / m 2 , more preferably ≥C×D×35.7N / m 2 , wherein C is the length of the photovoltaic panel, and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel. The length of the short section is ≤240mm, preferably ≤120mm, more preferably ≤60mm, most preferably ≤30mm, and extremely preferably ≤15mm; the length of the long section is preferably ≤1.414 times the length of the support rod or the distance H between the rod and the cable. Because the limiting slide is close to the photovoltaic panel and the short section is short, the photovoltaic panel is easy to stabilize and not to move when there is no wind or small wind. Research shows that the closer the limiting slide and the shorter the short section, the smaller the deformation of the short section, the greater the reaction force exerted on the photovoltaic panel, the greater the swing amplitude is limited, and the easier it is to keep stationary when there is no wind or small wind.

[0034] Preferably, the overload release device comprises a (buffering and limiting dual-purpose) weight, a limiting slide near the frame of the photovoltaic panel or a lever (fixed on the photovoltaic support), and a (flexible or rigid) limiting pull rope passing through (around or through) the limiting slide; the limiting pull rope on the upper side of the limiting slide is shorter, and the short section is connected to the photovoltaic panel (directly or indirectly through a lever), and the limiting pull rope on the lower side is longer, and the long section suspends the weight; when there is no wind or small wind, the stationary weight pulls the photovoltaic panel through the short section of the limiting pull rope to keep it stationary (at this time it can be pulled); when the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the weight of the weight, the photovoltaic panel pulls up the weight by itself (at this time it cannot be pulled), and the up-and-down moving weight absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thereby forming a wind load overload automatic protection system; the total weight of the weight used for a single photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×0.95kg / m 2 , preferably ≥C×D×2kg / m 2 , more preferably ≥C×D×3.65kg / m 2(where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel, and D is the width of the photovoltaic panel). The length of the short section is ≤ 240 mm, preferably ≤ 120 mm, more preferably ≤ 60 mm, most preferably ≤ 30 mm, and extremely preferably ≤ 15 mm; the length of the long section is preferably ≤ 1.414 times the length of the strut or the distance H between the cables. Because the limiting slide is close and the short section is short, the photovoltaic panel is easily stabilized and the threads are not easily moved when there is no wind or when there is a small amount of wind.

[0035] Preferably, the limiting pull rope pulls the photovoltaic panel after bending from the limiting slide; when there is no wind or a small amount of wind, the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction between the limiting pull rope and the limiting slide act together, and the photovoltaic panel is pulled by the short section of the limiting pull rope to remain stationary; when the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the sum of the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction, the photovoltaic panel pulls up the weight by itself, and the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction act together to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thereby forming a wind load overload automatic protection system.

[0036] Preferably, the limiting pull rope pulls the photovoltaic panel after bending from the limiting slide; when there is no wind or a small amount of wind, the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction between the limiting pull rope and the limiting slide act together, and the photovoltaic panel is pulled by the short section of the limiting pull rope to remain stationary; when the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the sum of the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction, the photovoltaic panel pulls up the weight by itself, and the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction act together to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thereby forming a wind load overload automatic protection system.

[0037] Preferably, the (one) weight pulls the same photovoltaic panel through two limiting pull ropes that bend from the limiting slide, the two long sections are combined into a shared long section, and the weight is suspended on the shared long section; when there is no wind or a small amount of wind, the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction between the limiting pull rope and the limiting slide act together, and the photovoltaic panel is pulled by the short section of the limiting pull rope to remain stationary; when the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the sum of the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction, the photovoltaic panel pulls up the weight by itself, and the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction act together to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel, thereby forming a wind load overload automatic protection system. Preferably, the length of the combined shared long section is between the panel length M+2×2.236H and the panel length M+2×1.41H.

[0038] The core design advantage of the overload automatic release device using the limiting slide to divide the limiting pull rope into two sections of different lengths is derived from the specific installation position of the limiting slide and the mechanical properties of the segmented pull rope: the limiting slide needs to be installed close to the photovoltaic panel side, thereby forming a short section with a relatively short length and a long section with a relatively longer length. Based on the structural characteristics of the short section, the device can more stably constrain the attitude of the photovoltaic panel in a windless or light wind environment. Specifically, in a light wind, the rigid constraint of the short section can quickly offset the slight impact of wind force on the photovoltaic panel, preventing it from swaying slightly, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic panel always maintains a power generation attitude facing the sky. From the perspective of mechanics, the rigidity of the limiting pull rope is significantly negatively correlated with its length: under the premise of the same material and diameter, the shorter the length of the short section, the stronger its resistance to deformation (the stronger its rigidity), and the smaller the deformation amount when subjected to external force. The restraining effect of this high-rigidity short section on the photovoltaic panel has a dual nature: on the one hand, it provides a continuous longitudinal pull force in the vertical direction, and on the other hand, it forms a reliable lateral fixation in the horizontal direction, limiting the lateral sway or torsion of the photovoltaic panel under the action of light wind, and its restraining effect is closer to the "hard fixation" effect of rigid components such as limiting bolts on the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, the application vividly describes this restraining method as "pulling and fixing the photovoltaic panel", which not only accurately reflects the pulling nature of the limiting pull rope, but also embodies the stable effect of its approximate rigid fixation. Looking back at the scheme without a limiting slide (as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21), since the pull rope is of an integral structure (without segmentation design), the overall length of the pull rope is relatively long and its rigidity is relatively weak, and the constraint on the photovoltaic panel relies only on the tension of the pull rope itself, lacking the reinforcement effect of "short section rigid constraint". Even in a light wind environment, the overall pull rope is prone to large deformation under the action of wind force, resulting in a very small sway amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, which not only makes it difficult to maintain a stationary state facing the sky, but also affects the light receiving efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and reduces the power generation stability. It is particularly important to note that the use of a limiting slide can also bring significant "lightweight and low cost" added value: since the high-rigidity constraint of the short section can effectively stabilize the attitude of the photovoltaic panel, it is not necessary to rely on the gravitational traction of heavy objects or the strong tension constraint of high-yield point springs. Specifically, the weight of the heavy object can be reduced by 30%-50% compared to the scheme without a limiting slide, and the yield point of the spring can be reduced by 20%-40%. This improvement directly reduces the additional load (weight of heavy object + tension of spring) that the photovoltaic support needs to bear, not only reducing the structural strength design requirements of the support (such as the use of thinner support profiles), but also reducing the material usage and procurement cost of heavy objects and springs, while also reducing the hoisting difficulty during support installation, thereby achieving comprehensive cost optimization from "material cost, processing cost, and installation cost", and better meeting the economic needs of industrialization applications.

[0039] Preferably, the weight is connected to the long section of the limiting pull rope by a spring, which is used to buffer the impact of the weight on the limiting pull rope and photovoltaic panel when the photovoltaic panel is suddenly swung, so as to avoid the breakage of the limiting pull rope and damage to the photovoltaic panel; preferably, the yield point of the spring is greater than the gravity of the weight, and more preferably, the yield point of the spring is 1.5-6.5 times the gravity of the weight.

[0040] Preferably, the non-fixed mounting structure is a hanging connection structure, and the plate beam distance Y of the hanging connection structure is equivalent to the length of the short section of the limiting pull rope, and the length difference between the two is not more than ±50%Y. Research shows that the design scheme with a length difference of not more than ±50%Y can only cause slight horizontal vibration of the photovoltaic panel in light wind, and cannot cause slight swing of the photovoltaic panel around the beam. Tests show that the change of the sunlight incidence angle caused by the slight horizontal vibration of the photovoltaic panel is less than 1 degree, and the loss in 60%-70% of the year can be controlled within 0.02%, which can be ignored in engineering practice and almost will not cause power fluctuation. On the contrary, the slight swing of the photovoltaic panel around the beam will cause slight change of the sunlight incidence angle, and also cause slight power fluctuation, resulting in decrease of the system output power.

[0041] Preferably, the limiting slide is a friction slide, and the two limiting pull ropes are bent and passed through the friction slide, the long section of the limiting pull rope suspends the weight or pulls the spring, and the short section connects the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is subjected to the opposite pulling force of the two short sections.

[0042] Preferably, the cross beam is a bearing cable, and the photovoltaic support further comprises a stabilizing cable, and a support rod is arranged between the bearing cable and the stabilizing cable at a certain distance (the two ends of the support rod are connected to the bearing cable and the stabilizing cable respectively to maintain the distance); the double-sided (the rate is greater than or equal to 80%) photovoltaic panel is vertically hung on the bearing cable, and maintains a relative static state of one side facing east and the other side facing west (the type faces the sky). It should be noted that the installation mode of the photovoltaic panel with one side facing east and the other side facing west is also a sky-facing mode; a plurality of photovoltaic panels are connected in series to form a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, and each photovoltaic panel is an independent separated structure without linkage connection, and can independently swing with strong wind (to avoid linkage / resonance damage to the photovoltaic support).

[0043] Preferably, the column, the cross beam, the photovoltaic panel, the buffer mechanism and the overload release device jointly constitute a photovoltaic standing board structure.

[0044] Preferably, the distance between the two adjacent photovoltaic panels is a certain distance K, and the distance K is 0.1C-1C, so as to form a wind passing channel between the two adjacent photovoltaic panels.

[0045] Preferably, an irrigation water pipe is further arranged on the photovoltaic support, which is used for irrigation, pesticide spraying and fertilization in the area below the photovoltaic panel.

[0046] Preferably, the photovoltaic panels are connected by twistable and stretchable electric wires, including but not limited to U-shaped or spiral-shaped electric wires, to adapt to the swinging of the photovoltaic panels and avoid breakage.

[0047] Preferably, the short section of the limiting pull rope has a length ≤240mm, preferably ≤120mm, more preferably ≤60mm, further preferably ≤30mm, and most preferably ≤15mm; and / or, the long section of the limiting pull rope has a length ≤2.236H, wherein H is the distance between adjacent poles of the photovoltaic support, and the length is used to limit the swing angle of the photovoltaic panel to within 135 degrees according to the trigonometric function relationship.

[0048] Preferably, the distance between the limiting slide and the photovoltaic panel or the lever is ≤240mm, preferably ≤120mm, more preferably ≤60mm, further preferably ≤30mm, and most preferably ≤15mm, to reduce the deformation influence of the short section of the limiting pull rope.

[0049] Preferably, the limiting slide is fixed on the same stable cable as the spring; the long section of the limiting pull rope passes through the limiting slide and is connected to one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the bearing cable, the beam, the column or the strut.

[0050] Preferably, the limiting slide is fixed on the stable cable, and the long section of the limiting pull rope passes through the limiting slide and is connected to one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the bearing cable, the beam, the column or the strut.

[0051] Preferably, a buffer pad (made of elastic materials such as rubber or sponge) is provided between the limiting slide and the weight, to prevent the weight from being quickly pulled up and hitting the limiting slide in strong winds, thereby reducing the impact sound and vibration.

[0052] Preferably, the weight is arranged on a guide rail or in a protective cover, to limit the lateral movement of the weight and only allow the weight to move up and down, to prevent the weight from swinging and hitting other objects; the protective cover is preferably a mesh or hollow structure, allowing air to circulate but limiting the lateral movement of the weight.

[0053] The beam as described in the present application refers to a horizontal beam or a inclined beam with a small inclination (e.g. less than the local latitude + 15°), including ropes, steel cables, rods or tubes, etc. The column as described in the present application refers to a support with a certain height, such as high walls, high dams, high towers, bridge piers, soil platforms or cliffs, etc.

[0054] The agricultural land as described in the present application refers to an area that can be planted or cultivated, including places where vegetables, flowers, medicines, trees, grasses or fish can be planted.

[0055] The spring described in the present application refers to an elastic object, including a rubber band, an elastic band, or an elastic steel sheet, etc.

[0056] The overload release device is a commonly used protection device that automatically releases when the force exceeds the set value to protect the equipment or system from excessive pressure or load damage. The overload release device described in the present application refers to a device that releases the photovoltaic panel when the wind exceeds the preset level (such as level 3, level 4, level 5, or level 6) and allows it to sway with the wind. Common types include: mechanical overload protector (uses mechanical spring or lever mechanism, lifts or disconnects when the load exceeds the limit, used for industrial machinery, conveying equipment, etc.); overload clutch (disengages when torque or force exceeds the limit, protects the drive system); overload protection switch (electronically or mechanically detects the load, cuts off the circuit or triggers an alarm when it exceeds the limit); hydraulic or pneumatic overload valve (opens to release pressure when the hydraulic or pneumatic system pressure exceeds the limit). When implemented, ready-made devices can be selected, and this place will not be repeated.

[0057] The limiting slide described in the present application refers to a pulley, a sliding ring, a sliding hole, a sliding seam, or a sliding rod, etc. that can pass through the limiting pull rope without disengaging and can make it smoothly shuttle. The role is to stabilize the limiting pull rope, and then stabilize the photovoltaic panel through a short section, so that it is not easy to sway in light wind.

[0058] The limiting pull rope described in the present application refers to various flexible or rigid ropes, such as steel wire ropes, steel belts, chains, nylon ropes, etc. that are wear-resistant, water-resistant, sun-resistant, or durable.

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects.

[0060] First, it has strong wind resistance: each photovoltaic panel is a separate structure without linkage connection, and the violent swinging motion of one photovoltaic panel cannot be transmitted to other photovoltaic panels. Under the action of multiple strands, multiple phases, and multiple directions of strong wind, the resultant force cancels each other out and is difficult to add up (resonate) to enhance the damage to the system, and the wind resistance cost is extremely low. It is worth emphasizing that the "sway wind resistance" agricultural photovoltaic complementary project implementation scheme shown in Figure 6 of the present application has passed the real test of the 2024 No. 11 super typhoon (17 levels) Capricorn. The "sway wind resistance" of the present application uses the strategy of "controlling motion with motion", which is different from the strategy of "controlling motion with static" of the prior art, and the technical effect is significantly different.

[0061] Second, it has a small wind resistance: it is proposed that adjacent photovoltaic panels are spaced apart by a certain distance K to form a smooth wind passage to reduce system wind resistance. Compared with the current scheme of closely connecting adjacent photovoltaic panels, the wind passage design of the present application has small wind resistance and does not increase the cost.

[0062] Third, it can resist super typhoons during very rare periods (once every ten years for half a day), and stably generate electricity under normal conditions (99.99% of the time), reducing wind resistance cost and hardware investment.

[0063] Fourthly, the overload automatic release device formed by the limiting sliding member and the limiting pull rope can automatically limit the swing range and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel after strong wind, so as to automatically protect the photovoltaic panel from being damaged by strong wind impact. The overload automatic release device forms a wind load overload automatic protection system, which is low in cost and reliable and durable.

[0064] Fifthly, the device can be widely applied to agricultural production and park flower cultivation. For example, a park in Lingao County, Hainan Province will adopt the technical solutions of Figs. 16 and 19 of the present application, so as to realize photovoltaic stable power generation and agricultural irrigation, and promote agricultural production such as flowers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0065] Fig. 1 is "Fig. 1" in the specification of the background art "A solar photovoltaic assembly support for fish-light complementation (CN204498056U)".

[0066] Fig. 2 is a structural schematic view of a swing photovoltaic stable power generation system in the present application (Example 1).

[0067] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of the relationship among the spring, the fuse limiting rope and the electric heating element in Fig. 2.

[0068] Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view of the relationship between the fuse limiting rope and the electric heating element in Fig. 3.

[0069] Fig. 5 is a structural schematic view of the positional relationship among the photovoltaic panel, the cross beam, the stabilizing rod, the lever and the limiting fuse rope in the present application (Example 2).

[0070] Fig. 6 is a side view schematic view of a limiting fuse rope not used in Fig. 5.

[0071] Fig. 7 is a side view schematic view of a heavy object used in the present application (Example 3).

[0072] Fig. 8 is a side view schematic view of a limiting permanent magnet used in the present application (Example 4).

[0073] Fig. 9 is another structural schematic view of a swing photovoltaic stable power generation system in the present application (Example 5).

[0074] Fig. 10 is still another structural schematic view of a swing photovoltaic stable power generation system in the present application (Example 6).

[0075] Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the positional relationship between a cross beam and a photovoltaic panel.

[0076] Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a large garden nested in a small garden rolling hanger structure.

[0077] Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the positional relationship between a photovoltaic panel and an adjacent photovoltaic panel.

[0078] Figure 14 is a structural diagram of the position relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, and load-bearing cable (i.e. beam) and stabilizing cable (i.e. stabilizing rod) and limiting permanent magnet in the present application (Example Seven).

[0079] Figure 15 is a structural diagram of the position relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, and load-bearing cable (i.e. beam) and stabilizing cable (i.e. stabilizing rod) and limiting slide in the present application (Example Eight).

[0080] Figure 16 is a structural diagram of the position relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, and load-bearing cable (i.e. beam) and stabilizing cable (i.e. stabilizing rod) and limiting slide in the present application (Example Nine).

[0081] Figure 17 is a structural diagram of the position relationship between the photovoltaic panel, weight, and load-bearing cable (i.e. beam) and stabilizing cable (i.e. stabilizing rod) and limiting slide in the present application (Example Ten).

[0082] Figure 18 is a structural diagram of the photovoltaic stand composed of the photovoltaic panel, spring, beam, and limiting permanent magnet in the present application (Example Eleven).

[0083] Figure 19 is a structural diagram of the photovoltaic stand composed of the photovoltaic panel, spring, beam, and limiting slide in the present application (Example Twelve).

[0084] Figure 20 is a structural diagram of an undesirable design scheme without limiting slide.

[0085] Figure 21 is a structural diagram of another undesirable design scheme without limiting slide.

[0086] Figure 22 is another structural diagram of the position relationship between the photovoltaic panel, weight, and load-bearing cable (i.e. beam) and stabilizing cable (i.e. stabilizing rod) and limiting slide in the present application (Example Ten).

[0087] Figure 23 is a structural diagram of the position relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, load-bearing cable, stabilizing cable, limiting slide, and limiting rope in the present application (Example Thirteen).

[0088] Figure 24 is a structural diagram of the position relationship between the photovoltaic panel, spring, load-bearing cable, stabilizing cable, limiting slide, and limiting rope in the present application (Example Thirteen).

[0089] Figure 25 is a structural diagram of a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable composed of multiple photovoltaic units in series in Figure 22.

[0090] Figure 26 is a structural diagram of the photovoltaic stand composed of the photovoltaic panel, weight, beam, and limiting slide in the present application (Example Sixteen).

[0091] Figure 27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic stand in the present application (Example 15) composed of photovoltaic panels, weights, cross beams and limiting sliding pieces.

[0092] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a spring is added between the weight and the long section of the limiting pull rope in Figure 17.

[0093] Figure 29 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a steel wire rope is used to hang and connect photovoltaic panels.

[0094] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS: 1 - upright (also referred to as stand), 2 - spring, 3 - photovoltaic panel, 4 - lever, 5 - stabilizing rod, 6 - cross beam, 7 - limiting fuse rope, 8 - electric heating element, 9 - electric connection wire, 10 - saddle, 11 - limiting bolt, 12 - electric device, 13 - wind sensor, 14 - limiting permanent magnet, 15 - limiting overload self-breaking rope, 16 - crowbar, 17 - weight, 18 - fulcrum, 19 - brace, 20 - lifting ring, 21 - hoop sheath, 22 - gap, 23 - photovoltaic stand, 24 - elastic pad, 25 - limiting pull rope, 26 - limiting sliding piece, 27 - hoop spring bolt, 28 - short section of the limiting pull rope, 29 - long section of the limiting pull rope, 30 - friction sliding piece, 31 - irrigation water pipe, 32 - buffer pad, 33 - sliding ring (also a bearing), 34 - steel wire rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0095] To make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the following further elaborates in combination with specific embodiments.

[0096] In the description of the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a particular orientation, thus not constituting a limitation.

[0097] It should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "communication" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, "connection" can mean electrical connection or direct connection, and the specific meaning can be determined by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0098] Example 1.

[0099] As shown in Figure 2, the photovoltaic support composed of upright 1, cross beam 6 and stabilizing rod 5 is assembled on the ground.

[0100] The photovoltaic panels 3 are mounted on the cross beam 6 of the photovoltaic support at a certain distance K.

[0101] A lever 4 is installed on the upper and lower ends of the photovoltaic panel 3, and the lower end of the lever 4 is connected to a spring 2 with a yield point of 4.13-122 kg. The photovoltaic panel 3 is pulled on the stabilizing rod 5 through the spring 2 and the lever 4, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 is arranged on the photovoltaic support through a non-fixed mounting structure (such as bearing connection, riding connection, hinge connection, etc.), allowing it to swing around the beam relative to the support in strong wind, so as to reduce the windward area, expand the wind passage, reduce the wind impact, and improve the wind resistance of the system. When there is no wind or light wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 remains in a relatively static state facing the sky (optimal inclination) under the action of the spring 2, receiving sunlight to generate electricity.

[0102] The above-mentioned lever 4, stabilizing rod 5 and spring 2 constitute a buffering mechanism, which elastically absorbs kinetic energy in strong wind, slows down the swing amplitude and speed of the photovoltaic panel 3, avoids excessive stress damage, and automatically resets after strong wind.

[0103] Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a limiting fuse cord 7 with a melting point of 150 degrees is inserted into the spring 2, which is tied to the electric heating element 8, and the electric heating element 8 is bundled to the stabilizing rod 5. When there is no wind or light wind, the limiting fuse cord 7 (overload release device) plays a limiting role, limiting the photovoltaic panel 3 to a static state facing the sky (optimal inclination) to generate electricity. Finally, each electric heating element 8 is connected to the control room by a wire.

[0104] Before a strong typhoon hits, the control room can automatically close the switch, causing the electric heating element 8 to heat and melt the limiting fuse cord 7, and the photovoltaic panel 3 can swing with the wind, reducing the windward area, expanding the wind passage, reducing the direct impact of wind, and improving the wind resistance of the system. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed.

[0105] The disadvantage of the above-mentioned scheme is that the limiting fuse cord 7 needs to be replaced manually after a typhoon, but super typhoons usually occur once every ten years, and the replacement frequency is low.

[0106] The limiting fuse cord 7 can be made of polypropylene, polypropylene, or other fusible polymers.

[0107] Example two.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 5, a flexible photovoltaic support is assembled including the cross beam 6 (such as a steel cable) and the stabilizing rod 5.

[0109] The photovoltaic panel 3 is placed on the cross beam 6 at a certain distance K, and the long side of the photovoltaic panel 3 is preferably parallel to the cross beam 6 (the wide side is perpendicular to the cross beam 6), so as to reduce the stress generated by the wind.

[0110] A lever 4 is installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 3, and the lower end of the lever 4 is connected to a spring 2 with a yield point of 4.13-122 kg. The photovoltaic panel 3 is pulled on the stable rod 5 (such as directly pulled on the stable cable with the same height or slightly lower) through the spring 2 and the lever 4, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 is arranged on the support through a non-fixed mounting structure (such as bearing connection, riding connection, hinge connection, hanging connection, etc.), allowing it to swing relative to the support in strong wind to reduce the windward area, expand the wind passage, reduce the wind impact, and improve the wind resistance. When there is no wind or light wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 remains in a static state facing the sky (optimal inclination) under the action of the spring 2, and stable power generation is achieved.

[0111] The above-mentioned lever 4, stable rod 5, and spring 2 form a buffering mechanism, which elastically absorbs kinetic energy in strong wind to slow down the swing amplitude and speed, and automatically resets to avoid damage.

[0112] It is desirable to pass a limit overload self-breaking rope 15 (such as breaking when the tension is greater than 12.26 kg) in the spring 2 and tie it to the stable rod 5. When there is no wind or light wind, the limit overload self-breaking rope 15 limits the photovoltaic panel 3 to a static state for power generation.

[0113] When a strong typhoon hits, the tension (greater than 12.26 kg) of the photovoltaic panel 3 and the lever 4 breaks the limit overload self-breaking rope 15, and the photovoltaic panel 3 can swing with the wind, dynamically adjust the windward area and expand the wind passage, reduce the wind impact, and improve the wind resistance. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed.

[0114] The breaking strength of the limit overload self-breaking rope 15 or the yield point of the spring 2 can be selected from 4.13 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, 15 kg, 50 kg, 122 kg, etc. according to the panel width D, panel length C, rod length B, wind resistance grade test or experience, and does not need to be tied after the disaster.

[0115] It is preferable to ride the photovoltaic panel 3 on the same cross beam 6 through the movable saddle 10 as shown in FIG. 6, one end of the lever 4 is fixed to the photovoltaic panel 3, and the other end is fixed to the stable rod 5. The photovoltaic panel 3 is pulled by the lever 4 and the high yield point (tension > 12.26 kg) spring 2 to keep it in a static state, and it can swing around the cross beam 6 in strong wind to reduce the windward area, expand the wind passage, reduce the direct wind impact, and improve the wind resistance.

[0116] It is preferable that the ratio of the lever length B to the panel width D of the photovoltaic panel 3 is B / D≥0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 10; and the ratio of the lever length B to the maximum working length L of the spring is B / L≥1.5, 3, or 6, to limit the swing amplitude. The longer the lever 4 (the larger the B / D), the easier it is to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 through the lever action with small tension, and the lever length B is preferably 1-2 m.

[0117] Preferably, as shown in Figs. 11 and 13, the photovoltaic panel 3 on one side of the crossbeam 6 is made larger than the other side to form an asymmetric structure, ensuring that it will sway with the wind (the smaller side can be close to zero). Conversely, if the two sides are equal in size, it may form a "static wind resistance" at a moment, causing excessive stress and damage.

[0118] Example Three.

[0119] As shown in Fig. 7, referring to Example Two, the overload release device includes a (buffering and limiting dual-purpose) weight 17. When there is no wind or the wind is not strong, the weight 17 is used to press (or pull) the photovoltaic panel 3 to limit it in a static state by connecting one end to the fulcrum 18 and the other end to the lever 4 prying bar 16; when the wind is strong, the pulling force of the photovoltaic panel 3 lifts the weight 17 (such as prying, pushing away to make it roll down), automatically handing over to the spring 2 to limit the swing amplitude and slow down the swing speed, to reduce the windward area and expand the wind passage, reduce the direct impact of wind force, and improve the wind resistance. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed.

[0120] The weight 17 can be selected from 1 kg, 3 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, 15 kg, 50 kg or 122 kg, etc. according to the plate width D, plate length C, rod length B, wind resistance grade test or experience.

[0121] Example Four.

[0122] As shown in Fig. 8, referring to Example Three, a set of limiting permanent magnets 14 with a magnetic force of 12.26 kg are connected in parallel beside the spring 2. When there is no wind or the wind is not strong, the limiting permanent magnet 14 limits the photovoltaic panel 3 to a static state facing the sky (optimal inclination) to generate electricity.

[0123] When a strong typhoon hits, the pulling force (>12.26 kg) generated by the photovoltaic panel 3 and the lever 4 breaks away from the limiting permanent magnet 14, and the photovoltaic panel 3 can sway with the wind, reducing the windward area and expanding the wind passage, reducing the direct impact of wind force, and improving the wind resistance. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed.

[0124] The magnetic force of the limiting permanent magnet 14 can be selected from 1 kg, 3 kg, 5 kg, 10 kg, 15 kg, 50 kg or 122 kg, etc. according to the plate width D, plate length C, rod length B, wind resistance grade test or experience.

[0125] Example Five.

[0126] As shown in Fig. 9, referring to Examples One to Four, the stabilizing rod 5 is replaced with a rotatable shaft, a limiting pin 11 is installed on the shaft, and an electric device 12 is connected to the rotating shaft to block each photovoltaic panel 3 with the limiting pin 11.

[0127] It is desirable to pull the photovoltaic panel 3 on the rotating shaft with the spring 2.

[0128] It is desirable to use the wind intelligent monitoring system with wind sensor 13 and remote control technology to intelligently manage the overload release device such as the limiting bolt 11, and automatically open the device in extreme weather to release the photovoltaic panel 3 to swing with strong wind, reduce wind resistance and damage risk. The intelligent overload release device can be an electric motor, an electromagnet, an electronic lock, etc.

[0129] In normal period (no wind or weak wind), the photovoltaic panel 3 is blocked at the preset inclination angle φ = 90 degrees (perpendicular installation) by the limiting bolt 11 (equivalent to a lock tongue) to prevent it from swinging with small wind and maintain stable power generation; when strong wind (such as 12 levels or above) comes, the intelligent device or manual opens the switch to drive the limiting bolt 11 to move away through the electric device 12, release the photovoltaic panel 3 to swing, reduce the wind area by deflection, expand the wind passage, reduce the direct impact of wind, and improve the wind resistance of the system. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed. The limiting bolt 11 described in the application generally refers to a component that can block the photovoltaic panel 3 to maintain stability.

[0130] Embodiment six.

[0131] As shown in FIG. 10, the photovoltaic support composed of the column 1 and the crossbeam 6 is assembled on the ground, the photovoltaic panel 3 is installed on the crossbeam 6, and the crossbeam 6 is installed on the support in a rotating shaft mode, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 swings with the crossbeam 6 around the axis.

[0132] The photovoltaic panel 3 is fixed on the crossbeam 6 at a certain distance K.

[0133] The crossbeam 6 is used as a rotating shaft, which can rotate relative to the column 1, one end of the rotating shaft is installed with the lever 4, the two ends of the lever 4 are connected with the spring 2 respectively, the column 1 is pulled by the lever 4 and the high yield point spring 2, the photovoltaic panel 3 is arranged on the support through the non-fixed installation structure, and the whole is allowed to swing with the wind in strong wind to reduce the wind area, expand the wind passage, reduce the wind impact, and improve the wind resistance. When there is no wind or weak wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 maintains a static state of facing the sky (optimal inclination angle) to receive sunlight and generate electricity. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed.

[0134] The yield point of the above-mentioned spring 2 can be selected from 5kg, 10kg, 15kg, 30kg, 50kg or 122kg, etc. according to the plate width D, the plate length C, the rod length B, wind resistance grade test or experience selection, and disaster after the tie.

[0135] It should be noted that the lever 4, beam 6, column 1, spring 2, photovoltaic panel 3 together constitute a buffer mechanism, strong wind through elastic absorption and slow down the swing amplitude and speed, to avoid damage and automatic overall reset.

[0136] Example seven.

[0137] As shown in Figure 14, with steel strand as beam 6 and bearing cable, stable cable as stable rod 5, the double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 (preferably through the ring 20 and the hoop sheath 21) is vertically hung, so that it keeps a relative static state of one side facing east and the other side facing west (the side facing the sky).

[0138] That is, the beam 6 is a bearing cable, the stable rod 5 is a stable cable, and the support rod 19 is arranged at a certain distance between the two (to keep the distance stable and avoid the change of the short section 28 leading to the change of the overload preset level). The double-sided photovoltaic panel 3 (preferably through the ring 20 and the hoop sheath 21) with a double-sided rate ≥80% is vertically hung on the bearing cable, keeping a static state of one side facing east and the other side facing west; the photovoltaic panel 3 is a separate structure without linkage connection and can swing with strong wind.

[0139] The overload automatic release device with a gap 22 of 0.10-15mm (preferably self-opening and closing) is assembled by using limiting permanent magnet 14, elastic pad 24 (such as telescopic base), lever 4, support rod 19, etc. When strong wind, photovoltaic panel 3 swings and breaks away from magnetic attraction, the gap 22 is opened to avoid collision; when the wind is small, it is attracted by the magnetic attraction, and the gap 22 is closed to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3. Experiments show that without adding overload release device, the spring 2 is difficult to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 under 3-6 level wind, resulting in a decrease in output power.

[0140] Preferably, as shown in Figure 12, the ring 20 is preferably a large circular small circular structure rolling friction type ring 20 with an inner diameter much larger than the beam axis outer diameter of the hoop sheath 21, so that when swinging, it is rolling friction rather than sliding friction, avoiding noise.

[0141] Example eight.

[0142] As shown in Fig. 15, on the basis of embodiment seven, the overload release device is changed to a spring 2 (preferably with a yield point of 4.13-30 kg and a maximum working length L preferably shorter than 1.414 times the length of the strut 19) horizontally arranged on the stabilizing cable, a limiting slide 26 (such as a slide ring or pulley preventing the random running of the limiting pull cable 25) fixed on the stabilizing cable (stabilizing rod 5) near the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3, and a flexible limiting pull cable 25 (such as a steel wire) bent after passing through the limiting slide 26. The short section 28 on the left side of the limiting slide 26 is connected to the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3, and the length of the short section 28 is < 240 mm, preferably < 120 mm, more preferably < 60 mm, most preferably < 30 mm, and extremely preferably < 15 mm; the long section 29 on the right side is preferably ≤ 1.414 times the rod-cable distance H (limiting the swing angle to ≤ 90 degrees to avoid turning and breaking the electrical connection line 9), and is horizontally connected to one end of the spring 2 after bending to the right, and the other end of the spring 2 is fixed on the stabilizing cable with a clamp spring bolt 27.

[0143] Preferably, the specifications of the spring 2 follow: yield point ≥ C × D × 9.25 N / m 2 , preferably ≥ C × D × 19.6 N / m 2 , more preferably ≥ C × D × 35.7 N / m 2 (C is the length of the photovoltaic panel, and D is the width).

[0144] When there is no wind or little wind, the unstretched spring 2 holds the photovoltaic panel 3 still; when there is strong wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 pulls open the spring 2, slowing down the swing amplitude and speed. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed.

[0145] In this example, because the limiting slide 26 is near and the short section 28 is short, and the limiting pull cable 25 is bent from the slide to expand the friction contact surface and increase the resistance, the photovoltaic panel 3 is easily stabilized and easily kept still in the absence of wind and in the presence of little wind. Research shows that the shorter the short section 28, the stronger the rigidity, and the smaller the deformation, which has both a longitudinal pulling effect and a horizontal pinning effect on the photovoltaic panel 3, and is closer to the effect of a rigid pin of the limiting pin 11. At this time, the resultant force of the pulling force of the unstretched spring 2 and the friction resistance is greater than the wind force that starts the swing, and the photovoltaic panel 3 is easily pulled and pinned, so this application is figuratively called a photovoltaic panel 3 pulling and pinning device. Conversely, the scheme without a limiting slide in Fig. 20 easily makes the photovoltaic panel 3 swing in the presence of little wind, which cannot stabilize power generation and leads to a large decrease in output power.

[0146] Embodiment nine.

[0147] As shown in Fig. 16, on the basis of Embodiment Eight, the overload release device is changed to a spring 2 (preferably with a yield point of 4.13-30 kg and a maximum working length L preferably shorter than 1.414 times the length of the strut 19) vertically arranged between the stabilizing cable (stabilizing rod 5) and the irrigation water pipe 31, a limiting slide 26 (slide ring) fixed by a hoop near the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the upper stabilizing cable (stabilizing rod 5), and a flexible limiting pull rope 25 (such as a steel wire rope) passing through the limiting slide 26. The upper short section 28 of the limiting slide 26 is connected to the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3, and the length of the short section 28 is < 240 mm, preferably < 120 mm, more preferably < 60 mm, most preferably < 30 mm, and even close to zero; the lower long section 29 is preferably ≤ 1.414 times the rod-cable spacing H (limiting the swing angle ≤ 90 degrees to avoid turning and pulling apart the electrical connection line 9), connected to the upper end of the spring 2, and the lower end of the spring 2 is fixed on the lower stabilizing cable.

[0148] When there is no wind or light wind, the unstretched spring 2 has a greater pulling force than the wind force that starts the swing, and holds the photovoltaic panel 3 still; when there is strong wind, the wind automatically pulls apart the spring 2, slowing down the swing amplitude and speed. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed.

[0149] In this example, because the short section 28 of the limiting slide 26 is short, the photovoltaic panel 3 is easily stabilized and not easily moved in no wind and light wind. Research shows that the shorter the short section 28, the stronger the rigidity and the smaller the deformation, which has both a longitudinal pulling effect and a horizontal pinning effect on the photovoltaic panel 3, and is close to the effect of a rigid pin of the limiting pin 11. At this time, the pulling force of the unstretched spring 2 is greater than the wind force that starts the swing, and it is easy to pull and pin the photovoltaic panel 3, so this application is called as "pulling and pinning the photovoltaic panel 3". Conversely, the scheme of Fig. 20 without a limiting slide is difficult to make the photovoltaic panel 3 still in light wind.

[0150] In this example, the irrigation water pipe 31 on the photovoltaic support serves as the stabilizing rod 5, realizing functional integration, reducing cost, and increasing the irrigation function of farmland.

[0151] Embodiment Ten.

[0152] As shown in Fig. 17, on the basis of Embodiment Eight, the overload release device is changed to a vertically suspended weight 17 (weight 4.13-30 kg), a limiting slide 26 (slide ring) fixed by a hoop near the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3 on the stabilizing cable (stabilizing rod 5), and a limiting pull rope 25 (such as a steel wire rope) passing through the limiting slide 26. The upper short section 28 of the limiting slide 26 is connected to the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 3, and the length of the short section 28 is < 240 mm, preferably < 120 mm, more preferably < 60 mm, and most preferably < 30 mm; the lower long section 29 suspends the weight 17, and the long section 29 is preferably ≤ 2.236 times the rod-cable spacing H (limiting the swing angle ≤ 135 degrees to avoid turning and pulling apart the electrical connection line 9).

[0153] Preferably, the weight 17 is designed to meet the following specifications: total weight of the monolithic photovoltaic panel ≥ C x D x 9.25 N / m 2 , preferably ≥ C x D x 19.6 N / m 2 , more preferably ≥ C x D x 35.7 N / m 2 , where C is the length of the photovoltaic panel and D is the width.

[0154] Preferably, as shown in Figure 28, the weight 17 is connected to the long section 29 by a spring 2 to cushion the impact of the weight 17 when it swings rapidly, so as to prevent the limit pull rope 25 from being pulled off and the photovoltaic panel 3 from being damaged; preferably, the yield point of the spring 2 is ≥ the weight of the weight 17, more preferably, the yield point of the spring 2 is 1.5-6.5 times the weight of the weight 17.

[0155] When there is no wind or light wind, the weight 17 is heavier than the wind that starts the swing, and holds the photovoltaic panel 3 still; when there is strong wind, the wind is heavier than the weight 17, and pulls up the weight 17, slowing down the swing amplitude and speed.

[0156] In this example, because the limit slide 26 is close to the short section 28, it is easy to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 and keep it still in the absence of wind and light wind. Research shows that the closer the limit slide 26 is and the shorter the short section 28 is, the smaller the deformation is, and the easier it is to keep still in the absence of wind and light wind. Conversely, similar to the technical solution shown in Figure 21, which uses only a weight to cushion without a stabilizing cable and a limit slide, it is difficult to keep the photovoltaic panel 3 still in the presence of light wind. As is known to those skilled in the art of photovoltaic power generation, when a plurality of photovoltaic panels 3 are connected in series or parallel and swing randomly in the presence of light wind, the output power will be greatly reduced due to the coupling of circuit characteristics and dynamic light conditions. In view of the above, similar to the technical solution shown in Figure 21, which uses only a weight to cushion without a stabilizing cable and a limit slide, is not desirable and has no practical value.

[0157] In this example, the photovoltaic panel 3 can be mounted on the load cable at the best local inclination, and the stabilizing cable can be installed at the same height or slightly lower than the photovoltaic panel 3, and the photovoltaic panel 3 is pulled on the stabilizing cable to keep still by the weight 17, the limit slide 26 and the limit pull rope 25.

[0158] It is worth mentioning that, as shown in Figure 22, one weight 17 and two limit pull ropes 25 are used to pull the same photovoltaic panel 3, and the two long sections 29 are combined into one shared long section, and the weight 17 is suspended in the middle of the shared long section (the limit pull ropes 25 are spaced apart by 0.3-1 times the length of the panel M). The greater the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel 3 is, the higher the weight 17 is pulled up, and the greater the pulling force is. This can achieve the effect of a heavier weight with a lighter weight 17, reduce the load on the support and reduce costs; increase the swing freedom of the weight 17, avoid adjacent collisions; and balance the force on the photovoltaic panel 3, avoid twisting.

[0159] Preferably, the length of the combined common long section is between the plate length M+2×2.236H and the plate length M+2×1.41H, meeting the requirement of the swing angle of 135 degrees to 90 degrees.

[0160] Preferably, the weight 17 is preferably an artistic shape such as a lantern or a mascot, combining practicality and aesthetics.

[0161] Preferably, the weight 17 is connected to the common long section through the spring 2, which is used to buffer the impact of the weight 17 when it swings rapidly, so as to prevent the limit pull rope 25 from being torn and the photovoltaic panel 3 from being damaged.

[0162] Preferably, a plurality of photovoltaic units shown in FIG. 22 are installed on the same group of bearing cables and stabilizing cables to form a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable shown in FIG. 25, which has a lower cost and can replace the "high-altitude photovoltaic power generation method for farmland (CN117792235B)" which has a higher price.

[0163] Preferably, adjacent photovoltaic panels 3 are connected by twistable and extendable U-shaped or spiral-shaped electrical connection lines 9 to avoid being torn or rubbed when swinging asynchronously.

[0164] Preferably, as shown in FIG. 29, a steel wire rope 34 is preferably used to hang and connect the photovoltaic panel 3, for example, one end of the steel wire rope 34 is tied to the steel strand, and the other end is tied to the frame of the photovoltaic panel 3. This scheme saves the hanging slip ring 20 and its clamp sleeve 21, and each photovoltaic panel 3 saves 6-7 yuan compared to the previous scheme. Research shows that the panel beam distance Y of the hanging connection structure of the steel wire rope 34 or chain is ≤200mm, preferably ≤100mm, more preferably ≤50mm, further preferably ≤25mm, and extremely preferably ≤12.5mm. The panel beam distance Y is the distance from the photovoltaic panel 3 to the cross beam 6, which is referred to as the panel beam distance Y.

[0165] Preferably, the panel beam distance Y of the hanging connection structure is equivalent or similar to the length of the short section 28 of the limit pull rope 25, and the length difference is preferably not more than ±50%Y. Research shows that in such a design scheme, the photovoltaic panel 3 will only vibrate slightly in the wind and will not swing slightly. Tests show that the slight vibration of the photovoltaic panel 3 causes a change in the angle of incidence of sunlight of less than 1 degree, and the loss of power generation of the photovoltaic panel 3 is less than 0.02%. This impact can be ignored in engineering practice and will hardly cause power fluctuations. On the contrary, the slight swing of the photovoltaic panel 3 will cause a slight change in the angle of incidence of sunlight and also cause slight power fluctuations, resulting in a decrease in system output power.

[0166] Embodiment eleven.

[0167] As shown in Fig. 18, a photovoltaic standing board 23 is constructed with two PHC precast concrete pipe piles (columns 1) of 5 meters above ground (3 meters buried in the ground), 300 mm in diameter, four steel pipe beams 6 of 80 mm in diameter, and double-sided photovoltaic panels 3. For example, four double-sided photovoltaic panels 3 of 1134 mm x 1720 mm are vertically hung on the beams 6 (preferably through the lifting rings 20), respectively pulled onto the beams 6 below which also serve as stabilizing rods 5 by springs 2, so as to maintain a relatively static state with one side facing east and the other side facing west (the side facing the sky).

[0168] The overload release device with a gap 22 of 0.10-15 mm (preferably self-opening and closing) is assembled with the limiting permanent magnet 14, the spring 2, and the beam 6 which also serves as the stabilizing rod 5. When the photovoltaic panel 3 swings, the limiting permanent magnet 14 avoids collision due to the gap 22. Tests show that without the addition of the overload release device, the spring 2 is difficult to stabilize the photovoltaic panel 3 under 3-6 level wind, resulting in a decrease in output power.

[0169] Preferably, the limiting permanent magnet 14 has specifications that follow: magnetic attraction force ≥ C x D x 9.25 N / m 2 , preferably ≥ C x D x 19.6 N / m 2 , more preferably ≥ C x D x 35.7 N / m 2 (C is the length of the photovoltaic panel, and D is the width).

[0170] Compared with the "photovoltaic standing board unit J" in the "inter-suit standing board agricultural light complementation method (CN120074337A)" (without a buffer mechanism and an overload release device), a PHC pipe pile with a diameter of 500 mm is required under a 12-level typhoon. According to the current market price, the PHC pipe pile with a diameter of 500 mm (including labor and materials) is 230 yuan per meter, and the PHC pipe pile with a diameter of 300 mm is 105 yuan per meter. After the adoption of the buffer mechanism and the overload release device in the present application, the cost of the column 1 is reduced by 54%, which is a significant saving.

[0171] In summary, the preferred embodiment of the swinging photovoltaic stable power generation system of the present application is: the column 1, the beam 6, the photovoltaic panel 3, the buffer mechanism containing the spring 2, and the overload release device containing the limiting permanent magnet 14, which together constitute the photovoltaic standing board 23 structure with low column 1 cost. The photovoltaic standing board 23 can replace the current windbreak forest belt, and can also be widely used in the middle of the road or on both sides of the road or at the edge of the highway service area.

[0172] Example Twelve.

[0173] As shown in Fig. 19, reference examples nine and eleven, a photovoltaic standing board 23 is constructed with two PHC precast concrete pipe piles (column 1) of 5 meters above ground (3 meters buried in the ground), 300 mm in diameter, four steel pipe beams 6 of 80 mm in diameter, and double-sided photovoltaic panels 3. For example, four double-sided photovoltaic panels 3 of 1134 mm x 1720 mm are vertically hung on the beams 6 (preferably through the hangers 20), and are pulled to the beams 6 below which also serve as stabilizing rods 5 by the springs 2, the limiting pull ropes 25, and the limiting sliding pieces 26 (such as pulleys or sliding rings), so that they maintain a relatively static state with one side facing east and the other side facing west (the sky-facing side).

[0174] When there is no wind or light wind, the springs 2 pull the photovoltaic panels 3 to remain static; when there is strong wind, the photovoltaic panels 3 automatically pull away the springs 2 to slow down the swing amplitude and speed. In this way, an overload automatic release device is formed, and a wind load overload automatic protection system is formed.

[0175] In this example, because the short section 28 of the limiting sliding piece 26 is short, and the limiting pull rope 25 expands the friction contact surface from the sliding piece and increases the resistance, the photovoltaic panels 3 are easily stabilized in no wind and light wind, and are easily kept still. Research shows that the closer and shorter the short section 28 of the limiting sliding piece 26 is, and the greater the bending is, the easier it is to remain static in no wind and light wind.

[0176] Compared with the "photovoltaic standing board unit J" (without a buffer mechanism and an overload release device) in the "inter-fitting standing board agricultural light complementation method (CN120074337A)", a PHC pipe pile of 500 mm in diameter is needed under a 12-level typhoon. According to the current market price, the cost of the column 1 of the present application is reduced by 54%, which is significant.

[0177] In summary, the preferred embodiment of the present application is that the column 1, the beam 6, the photovoltaic panel 3, the buffer mechanism containing the spring 2, and the overload release device containing the limiting sliding piece 26 and the limiting pull rope 25, together form a photovoltaic standing board 23 structure with low column 1 cost.

[0178] Example thirteen.

[0179] As shown in Fig. 23, on the basis of example ten, the limiting sliding piece 26 fixed on the stabilizing cable (stabilizing rod 5) near the photovoltaic panel 3 is a friction sliding piece 30 with a rough surface (large friction resistance and large diameter); two limiting pull ropes 25 are bent around the friction sliding piece 30 to expand the friction contact surface and increase the resistance. The long section 29 of the limiting pull rope 25 suspends the weight 17 (or pulls the spring 2), and the short section 28 (length < 60 mm) connects the photovoltaic panel 3, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 is subjected to the opposite pulling force of the two short sections 28 (the sliding friction resistance of the friction sliding piece 30 and the limiting pull rope 25 + the combined force of the weight 17 gravity / spring 2 elastic force).

[0180] It is desirable to provide a buffer 32 or other resilient member (such as a rubber washer threaded on the limiting pull rope 25) between the friction slide 30 and the weight 17 to prevent the weight 17 from being rapidly lifted and hitting the friction slide 30 in strong winds, reducing the impact sound and vibration.

[0181] In the absence of wind or in light winds, the wind force initiating the swing is less than the tension of the limiting pull rope 25, and the two limiting pull ropes 25 pull the photovoltaic panel 3 from both sides of the friction slide 30 to keep it stationary; in strong winds, the swing wind force is greater than the tension, and the photovoltaic panel 3 lifts the weight 17 against the friction resistance and gravity, slowing down the swing amplitude and speed.

[0182] Example Fourteen.

[0183] As shown in FIG. 24, on the basis of Example Thirteen, the arc surface of the stabilizing cable (stabilizing rod 5) is directly used as the surface roughness (friction resistance) of the friction slide 30 (special limiting slide 26); the limiting pull rope 25 is bent around the stabilizing cable, expanding the friction contact surface and increasing the resistance. The long section 29 of the limiting pull rope 25 suspends the weight 17 (or pulls the spring 2), and the short section 28 (length nearly zero) connects the lever 4, which connects the photovoltaic panel 3, so that the photovoltaic panel 3 is subjected to the opposite pulling force of the two short sections 28 (the resultant force of the sliding friction resistance of the friction slide 30 and the limiting pull rope 25 + the weight 17 gravity / spring 2 elastic force). In this way, it can be ensured that the photovoltaic panel 3 does not move in light winds.

[0184] Example Fifteen.

[0185] As shown in FIG. 27, a photovoltaic stand 23 is constructed with two PHC precast concrete pipe piles (columns 1) 5 meters above the ground (buried 3 meters in the ground), four steel pipe beams 6 with a diameter of 80 mm, and four double-sided photovoltaic panels 3. For example, four photovoltaic panels 3 of 1134 mm x 1720 mm are vertically hung on the beams 6 (preferably through the lifting rings 20), and are pulled to the lower beams 6 by the weights 17, limiting pull ropes 25, and limiting slides 26, so that they maintain a relatively stationary state with one side facing east and the other side facing west (the side facing the sky).

[0186] In the absence of wind or in light winds, the wind force initiating the swing is less than the resultant force of the weight 17 gravity and the limiting pull rope 25 friction resistance, and the photovoltaic panel 3 is pulled to keep it stationary; in strong winds, the swing wind force is greater than the resultant force, and the photovoltaic panel 3 lifts the weight 17, which is automatically limited by the resultant force of the weight 17 gravity and the friction resistance in the moving state to limit the swing amplitude and slow down the speed.

[0187] In this example, the short section 28 of the limiting slide 26 is short, and the limiting pull rope 25 expands the friction contact surface from the slide and increases the resistance. In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the photovoltaic panel 3 is easily stabilized, and the threads are not easily moved. Research shows that the closer the limiting slide 26, the shorter the short section 28, and the greater the bend, the easier it is to remain stationary in the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind. The length of the short section 28 is ≤ 240 mm, preferably ≤ 120 mm, more preferably ≤ 60 mm, most preferably ≤ 30 mm, extremely preferably ≤ 15 mm, and even tends to zero.

[0188] It is desirable that the weight 17 is preferably hidden in a protective cover such as a PHC pipe pile, and the limiting pull rope 25 is pulled out of the protective cover to pull the photovoltaic panel 3, which can prevent the weight 17 from being blown by the wind and can avoid accidental falling and injuring people.

[0189] Embodiment sixteen.

[0190] As shown in FIG. 26, a photovoltaic stand 23 is constructed with two steel pipes (columns 1) with a height of 5 meters above the ground (buried in the earth by 2 meters) and a diameter of 120 mm, four steel pipe beams 6 with a diameter of 60 mm, and four double-sided photovoltaic panels 3. For example, four photovoltaic panels 3 with a size of 1134 mm x 1720 mm are vertically installed on the left column 1 through the slip ring 33, and are then pulled to the lower beam 6 by the weight 17, the limiting pull rope 25, and the limiting slide 26, respectively, so as to maintain a relative stationary state with one side facing east and the other side facing west (the side facing the sky).

[0191] In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the wind force that starts to swing is less than the combined force of the weight 17 and the friction resistance of the limiting pull rope 25, which can pull the photovoltaic panel 3 to remain stationary; in strong wind, the swinging wind force is greater than the combined force, and the photovoltaic panel 3 can pull up the weight 17, which is automatically handed over to the combined force of the weight 17 and the friction resistance in the moving state to limit the swinging amplitude and slow down the speed.

[0192] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, the accompanying drawings are structural schematic diagrams, and the actual size is not drawn in proportion, which cannot limit the scope of the present application. Based on the equivalent changes of the claims of the present application, it still falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rocking photovoltaic stable power generation system, comprising a photovoltaic support with a column and a beam and a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that: ① the photovoltaic panel is arranged on the photovoltaic support by a non-fixed mounting structure, which allows the photovoltaic panel to rock with the wind relative to the photovoltaic support when it encounters strong wind; in this way, the windward area of the photovoltaic panel is dynamically adjusted, the overwind passage is expanded, and the impact of wind on the photovoltaic panel is reduced; ② the photovoltaic panel remains in a relatively static state facing the sky when there is no wind or light wind to receive sunlight for power generation; ③ the photovoltaic panel is provided with at least one buffering mechanism, which includes but is not limited to a spring mechanism or a weight mechanism, which is used to effectively absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the rocking amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the rocking speed of the photovoltaic panel when it encounters strong wind, so as to prevent the photovoltaic panel from being damaged by excessive stress, and reset the photovoltaic panel to the static state facing the sky after the strong wind; ④ the photovoltaic panel is provided with an overload release device; when there is no wind or light wind, it is used to limit the photovoltaic panel to a relatively static state facing the sky, and when it encounters strong wind, it is used to automatically release the photovoltaic panel, and the buffering mechanism is used to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the rocking amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the rocking speed of the photovoltaic panel to automatically protect against wind overload and prevent the photovoltaic panel from being blown away.

2. The rocking photovoltaic stable power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spring mechanism at least includes a spring, one end of which is connected to the rocking photovoltaic panel, and the other end is connected to the fixed photovoltaic support, which is used to pull and hold the photovoltaic panel in a relatively static state facing the sky, and also used to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the rocking amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the rocking speed of the photovoltaic panel; or, the weight mechanism at least includes a weight, which is suspended by its gravity to pull the photovoltaic panel, which is used to pull and hold the photovoltaic panel in a relatively static state facing the sky, and also used to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the rocking amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the rocking speed of the photovoltaic panel.

3. The rocking photovoltaic stable power generation system according to claim 1, characterized by, It includes any one of the following ①-⑥: ① the photovoltaic panel is non-fixedly mounted on the beam or column in the photovoltaic support, including but not limited to hinge connection, shaft connection or hanging connection; ② the photovoltaic panel is mounted on the shaft in the photovoltaic support and rocks with the shaft around the axis; ③ the spring mechanism or weight mechanism connects the photovoltaic panel and the photovoltaic support through a lever; ④ the buffering mechanism includes but is not limited to any one of the elastic mechanism, brake mechanism or damping mechanism; ⑤ the non-fixed mounting structure is a hanging connection structure, the plate beam distance Y of the hanging connection structure is ≤200mm, preferably ≤100mm, more preferably ≤50mm, further preferably ≤25mm, and extremely preferably ≤12.5mm; ⑥ the relatively static state includes a small swing state with a swing angle ≤3°, preferably a small swing state with a swing angle ≤2°.

4. The rocking photovoltaic stable power generation system according to claim 1, characterized by, The overload release device is selected from any one of the following ①-⑥: ①The overload release device includes a limiting permanent magnet. In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the photovoltaic panel is attracted by the limiting permanent magnet and is limited in a relatively static state. In the presence of strong wind, the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel breaks the magnetic force limitation, and the buffer mechanism absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. ②The overload release device includes a limiting bolt and an electric device. In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the photovoltaic panel is bolted by the limiting bolt and is limited in a relatively static state. In the presence of strong wind, the electric device is automatically started to move the limiting bolt away, so that the photovoltaic panel is released from the limitation, and the buffer mechanism absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. ③The overload release device includes a limiting fuse rope and an electric heating element. In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the photovoltaic panel is bound by the limiting fuse rope and is limited in a relatively static state. In the presence of strong wind, the electric heating element is automatically connected to heat the limiting fuse rope, so that the rope is fused and the photovoltaic panel is released from the limitation, and the buffer mechanism absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. ④The overload release device includes a limiting overload self-breaking rope. In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the photovoltaic panel is bound by the limiting overload self-breaking rope and is limited in a relatively static state. In the presence of strong wind, the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel breaks the limiting overload self-breaking rope, and the buffer mechanism absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. ⑤The overload release device includes a limiting weight. In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the photovoltaic panel is pressed by the limiting weight and is limited in a relatively static state. In the presence of strong wind, the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel lifts the limiting weight, and the buffer mechanism absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. ⑥The overload release device includes a spring with a large yield point, which is used to keep the photovoltaic panel relatively static by the unstretched spring when there is no wind or small wind, allowing the photovoltaic panel to have a small swing with a swing angle ≤3°, and when the pulling force generated by the wind blowing the photovoltaic panel is greater than the total yield point of the spring, the spring is stretched automatically, the photovoltaic panel is released from the restriction, the buffer mechanism absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel; the total yield point of the spring used for a single photovoltaic panel satisfies: ≥C×D×9.25N / m 2 , preferably ≥C×D×19.6N / m 2 , more preferably ≥C×D×35.7N / m 2 .

5. The rocking photovoltaic stable power generation system according to claim 1, characterized by, The overload release device is selected from one of the following ① or ②: The overload release device comprises a spring, a limiting slide piece close to the frame of the photovoltaic panel or a lever, and a limiting pull rope passing through the limiting slide piece. The limiting pull rope on one side of the limiting slide piece is short, and the short section is connected to the photovoltaic panel. The limiting pull rope on the other side is long, and the long section is connected to the spring. When there is no wind or small wind, the spring that is not stretched pulls the photovoltaic panel through the short section of the limiting pull rope to keep the photovoltaic panel in a static state. When the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the total yield point of the spring, the photovoltaic panel stretches the spring by itself, and the elastic deformation of the spring in the stretched state absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. The total yield point of the spring used for a single photovoltaic panel is ≥ CxDx9.25N / m 2 , preferably ≥ CxDx19.6N / m 2 , and more preferably ≥ CxDx35.7N / m 2 . ②The overload release device comprises a weight, a limiting slide close to the frame of the photovoltaic panel or a lever, and a limiting pull rope passing through the limiting slide; the limiting pull rope on the upper side of the limiting slide is shorter, and the short section is connected to the photovoltaic panel; the limiting pull rope on the lower side is longer, and the long section suspends the weight; when there is no wind or small wind, the static weight pulls the photovoltaic panel through the short section of the limiting pull rope to keep the photovoltaic panel in a static state; when the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the gravity of the weight, the photovoltaic panel pulls up the weight by itself, and the up-and-down moving weight absorbs the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limits the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slows down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel; the total weight of the weight used by a single photovoltaic panel: ≥C×D×0.95 kg / m 2 , preferably ≥C×D×2 kg / m 2 , more preferably ≥C×D×3.65 kg / m 2 .

6. The rocking photovoltaic stable power generation system according to claim 5, characterized by, Any one of the following ①-⑥: ①The limiting pulling rope is bent from the limiting slide and pulls the photovoltaic panel. In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the weight gravity and the sliding friction between the limiting pulling rope and the limiting slide jointly act on the photovoltaic panel through the limiting pulling rope to keep the photovoltaic panel in a static state. When the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the sum of the weight gravity and the sliding friction, the photovoltaic panel lifts the weight by itself, and the weight gravity and the sliding friction jointly act to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. ②The limiting pulling rope is bent from the limiting slide and pulls the photovoltaic panel. In the absence of wind or in the presence of light wind, the spring tension and the sliding friction between the limiting pulling rope and the limiting slide jointly act on the photovoltaic panel through the limiting pulling rope to keep the photovoltaic panel in a static state. When the pulling force generated by the wind blowing on the photovoltaic panel is greater than the sum of the total yield point of the spring and the sliding friction, the photovoltaic panel pulls open the spring by itself, and the stretched spring tension and the sliding friction jointly act to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel. ③The weight is pulled by two limit pull ropes which are bent from the limit slide and pull the same photovoltaic panel, the two long sections are combined into one common long section, and the weight is hung on the common long section; when there is no wind or light wind, the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction between the limit pull rope and the limit slide work together to pull the photovoltaic panel through the short section of the limit pull rope to keep the static state; when the pulling force generated by the wind blowing the photovoltaic panel is greater than the sum of the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction, the photovoltaic panel pulls up the weight by itself, and the gravity of the weight and the sliding friction work together to absorb the kinetic energy of the photovoltaic panel, limit the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel, and slow down the swing speed of the photovoltaic panel; ④The weight is connected to the long section of the limit pull rope through a spring, which is used to buffer the impact of the weight on the limit pull rope and the photovoltaic panel when it swings rapidly, so as to prevent the limit pull rope from being torn and the photovoltaic panel from being damaged; preferably, the yield point of the spring is greater than the gravity of the weight, more preferably, the yield point of the spring is 1.5-6.5 times the gravity of the weight; ⑤The non-fixed mounting structure is a hanging connection structure, the plate beam distance Y of the hanging connection structure is equivalent to the length of the short section of the limit pull rope, and the length difference between the two is not more than ±50%Y; ⑥The limit slide is a friction slide, two limit pull ropes are bent and wound from the friction slide, the long section of the limit pull rope hangs the weight or pulls the spring, and the short section connects the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel is simultaneously subjected to the opposite pulling force of the two short sections.

7. The rocking photovoltaic stable power generation system according to claim 5, characterized by, It includes any one of the following ①-⑤: ①The length of the short section of the limit pull rope is ≤240mm, preferably ≤120mm, more preferably ≤60mm, further preferably ≤30mm, and extremely preferably ≤15mm; and / or, the length of the long section of the limit pull rope is ≤2.236H, wherein H is the distance between adjacent rod cables on the photovoltaic support, according to the trigonometric function relationship, the length of the long section is used to limit the swing angle of the photovoltaic panel within 135 degrees; ②The distance between the limit slide and the photovoltaic panel or the lever is ≤240mm, preferably ≤120mm, more preferably ≤60mm, further preferably ≤30mm, and extremely preferably ≤15mm; ③The limit slide is fixed on the same stable cable together with the spring; the long section of the limit pull rope passes through the limit slide and is bent towards the spring and connected to the spring, and the short section of the limit pull rope passes through the limit slide and is bent towards the photovoltaic panel and connected to the photovoltaic panel; ④The limit slide is fixed on the stable cable, the long section of the limit pull rope passes through the limit slide and is bent towards the spring and connected to one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the bearing cable, the cross beam, the vertical column or the support rod; ⑤A buffer pad is provided between the limit slide and the weight to prevent the weight from being rapidly pulled up and hitting the limit slide in strong wind, thereby reducing the impact sound and vibration.

8. The rocking photovoltaic stabilized power system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, It includes any one of the following ①-⑤: ①The cross beam is a bearing cable, and the photovoltaic support further includes a stable cable, a support rod is arranged between the bearing cable and the stable cable at a certain distance, and the two ends of the support rod are connected to the bearing cable and the stable cable respectively to maintain the distance; the double-sided photovoltaic panel is vertically hung on the bearing cable, maintaining a static state with one side facing east and the other side facing west; a plurality of photovoltaic panels are connected in series to form a photovoltaic power generation suspension cable, and each photovoltaic panel is an independent separated structure without linkage connection and can independently swing with strong wind; ②The column, beam, photovoltaic panel, buffer mechanism and overload release device jointly constitute a photovoltaic stand structure; alternatively, a distance K is formed between two adjacent photovoltaic panels, and the distance K is 0.1C-1C, so that an overwind channel is formed between the two adjacent photovoltaic panels; ③An irrigation water pipe is further arranged on the photovoltaic support and used for irrigating the area below the photovoltaic panel; ④The photovoltaic panels are connected by twistable and stretchable electric connecting wires, including but not limited to U-shaped or spiral electric connecting wires, so as to adapt to the swing of the photovoltaic panel and avoid breakage; ⑤The weight is arranged on the guide rail or in the protective cover, so as to limit the lateral movement of the weight and only allow the upward and downward movement of the weight, so as to prevent the weight from swinging with the wind and colliding with other objects.

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