Driving devices, actuator, port cap assembly and vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle having a port cap assembly, the port cap assembly comprising an actuator having a driving device. The driving device comprises a motor and a resistance torque applying assembly. The motor comprises a motor shaft. The resistance torque applying assembly is configured to apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft when the motor shaft rotates in a first rotation direction, and to apply no resistance torque to the motor shaft when the motor shaft rotates in a second rotation direction; or, the resistance torque applying assembly is configured to apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft when the motor shaft rotates in the first rotation direction, and apply a second resistance torque to the motor shaft when the motor shaft rotates in the second rotation direction. The first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction. The first resistance torque is greater than the second resistance torque.

Description

Drive device, actuator, flap assembly, and vehicle

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024113122443, filed on September 19, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of electric machines, and in particular to a drive device, an actuator, a flap assembly, and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0004] The fuel filler cap or the charging port cap of a vehicle is usually opened or closed by an actuator, which includes an electric machine. At present, the electric machine with self-locking function cannot be unlocked under power-off or fault conditions, which causes safety hazards.

[0005] SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a drive device, an actuator, a flap assembly, and a vehicle, in which the resistance torque received by the electric machine is different when the electric machine shaft rotates in opposite directions, thereby at least partially solving the above technical problems.

[0007] The present application provides a drive device, comprising: an electric machine comprising an electric machine shaft; and a resistance torque applying assembly configured to apply a first resistance torque to the electric machine shaft when the electric machine shaft rotates in a first rotation direction, and not to apply a resistance torque to the electric machine shaft when the electric machine shaft rotates in a second rotation direction, the first rotation direction being opposite to the second rotation direction; or configured to apply a first resistance torque to the electric machine shaft when the electric machine shaft rotates in the first rotation direction, and to apply a second resistance torque to the electric machine shaft when the electric machine shaft rotates in the second rotation direction, the first resistance torque being greater than the second resistance torque.

[0008] The present application also provides an actuator comprising the above drive device.

[0009] The present application also provides a flap assembly comprising the above actuator.

[0010] The present application also provides a vehicle comprising the above flap assembly.

[0011] In the driving device, the actuator, the flap assembly and the vehicle of some embodiments of the present application, the resistance torque applying assembly applies a larger first resistance torque to the motor shaft when the motor shaft rotates in a first rotation direction, and does not apply a resistance torque or applies a smaller second resistance torque to the motor shaft when the motor shaft rotates in a second rotation direction. In this way, when the motor is not powered, the motor shaft rotating in the first rotation direction is self-locked under the action of the first resistance torque, and the motor shaft rotating in the second rotation direction is not resisted or continues to rotate under the action of the smaller second resistance torque. In other words, the design of the driving device is beneficial to the motor shaft rotating in the first rotation direction being self-locked when the motor is not powered, and not being self-locked when rotating in the second rotation direction. Opening the flap of the flap assembly under the condition of the self-locking of the motor requires a larger external force, thereby ensuring the safety of the flap of the flap assembly when the flap is closed, and improving the safety of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a driving device of some embodiments of the present application under the action of a first external force;

[0013] Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 1;

[0014] Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the driving device shown in Fig. 1 under the action of a second external force;

[0015] Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of B in Fig. 3;

[0016] Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a driving device of another embodiment of the present application under the action of a first external force;

[0017] Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of C in Fig. 5;

[0018] Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the driving device shown in Fig. 5 under the action of a second external force;

[0019] Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of D in Fig. 7;

[0020] Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of an actuator of some embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a clutch device in the actuator shown in Fig. 9 in a coupling and decoupling state;

[0022] Fig. 11 is an exploded view of part of the structure of the actuator shown in Fig. 9;

[0023] Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of an actuator of another embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of an actuator of still another embodiment of the present application from one perspective;

[0025] Figure 14 is a schematic view of the actuator of Figure 13 from another perspective;

[0026] Figure 15 is a schematic view of an actuator of yet further embodiments of the application;

[0027] Figure 16 is a schematic view of a clutching device in the actuator of Figure 15 in coupled and decoupled states;

[0028] Figure 17 is an exploded view of part of the structure of the actuator of Figure 15;

[0029] Figure 18 is a schematic view of an actuator of yet further embodiments of the application;

[0030] Figure 19 is a schematic view of an actuator of yet further embodiments of the application from one perspective;

[0031] Figure 20 is a schematic view of the actuator of Figure 19 from another perspective;

[0032] Figure 21 is a schematic view of a flap assembly of some embodiments of the application;

[0033] Figure 22 is a schematic view of a flap assembly of further embodiments of the application;

[0034] Figure 23 is a schematic view of a flap assembly of yet further embodiments of the application;

[0035] Figure 24 is a schematic view of a flap assembly of yet further embodiments of the application;

[0036] Figure 25 is a block diagram of a vehicle of some embodiments of the application.

[0037] The reference signs are as follows: 100, driving device; 11, motor; 111, motor shaft; 111B, convex end face; 111C, free end; 112, motor housing; 112A, accommodating cavity; 112B, first opening; 112C, second opening; 1131, first guide structure; 1132, second guide structure; 1133, third guide structure; 12, resistance torque applying assembly; 121, first limiting structure; 1211, first annular structure; 1211A, first axial annular end face; 1212, second annular structure; 1212B, second axial annular end face; 122, second limiting structure; 200, actuator; 20, bidirectional transmission device; 21, first transmission device; 211, helical tooth; 22, second transmission device; 23, third transmission device; 233, output gear; 231, first transmission combination; 2311, worm; 2312, first helical gear; 2313, third helical gear; 2314, second spur gear; 2315, second shaft; 232, second transmission combination; 2321, second helical gear; 2322, first spur gear; 2323, third spur gear; 2324, fourth spur gear; 2325, first shaft; 2326, third shaft; 30, clutch device; 301, first clutch part; 302, second clutch part; 303, elastic member; 304, circumferential limiting part; 305, axial stopper; 307, elastic ring; 40, rotation detection device; 401, first rotation detection device; 4011, magnetic ring; 4012, Hall sensor; 4013, printed circuit board; 402, second rotation detection device; 4021, potentiometer; 50, external housing; 60, output shaft; 701, positioning pin; 300, door cover assembly; 3001, door cover; 3002, position switch; 400, vehicle; X1, first rotation direction; X2, second rotation direction; Z1, first axial direction; Z2, second axial direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] According to a first aspect of the present application, referring to FIGS. 1-8, the present application provides a driving device 100. The driving device 100 includes a motor 11 and a resistance torque applying assembly 12. The motor 11 includes a motor shaft 111. The resistance torque applying assembly 12 is configured to apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in a first rotation direction X1, not apply a resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in a second rotation direction X2, or apply a second resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2. The first resistance torque is greater than the second resistance torque. The first rotation direction X1 is opposite to the second rotation direction X2.

[0040] With the above design of the driving device 100, when the motor 11 is not powered, the motor shaft 111 rotating in the first rotation direction X1 is self-locked under the action of the first resistance torque, while the motor shaft 111 rotating in the second rotation direction X2 is not resisted or continues to rotate under the action of the smaller second resistance torque. In other words, with the design of the driving device 100, the motor shaft 111 can be self-locked when rotating in the first rotation direction X1 and not self-locked when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 when the motor 11 is not powered.

[0041] It should be noted that when the motor 11 is powered, the driving torque of the motor shaft 111 is much greater than the first resistance torque. Therefore, the first resistance torque or the second resistance torque applied by the resistance torque applying assembly 12 will not affect the normal rotation of the motor shaft 111 when the motor 11 is powered.

[0042] The direction of the first resistance torque is opposite to the first rotation direction X1. The first resistance torque can be much smaller than the driving torque generated when the motor 11 is driven, to ensure that the motor 11 can work normally when driven.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0001 N·m and less than or equal to 10 N·m. In this way, the motor shaft 111 rotating in the first rotation direction X1 is self-locked under the action of the first resistance torque, and the motor 11 can work normally when powered.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0005 N·m and less than or equal to 5 N·m. In this way, the motor shaft 111 rotating in the first rotation direction X1 is self-locked under the action of the first resistance torque, the motor 11 can work normally when powered, and the design difficulty of the resistance torque applying assembly 12 is reduced.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0009 N-m and less than or equal to 1 N-m. In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.001 N-m and less than or equal to 0.5 N-m. In some embodiments, the first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.001 N-m and less than or equal to 0.01 N-m.

[0046] It can be appreciated that the first resistance torque can take any value between 0.0001 N-m and 10 N-m. Exemplarily, the first resistance torque can be 0.0001 N-m, 0.0005 N-m, 0.0008 N-m, 0.001 N-m, 0.005 N-m, 0.008 N-m, 0.01 N-m, 0.03 N-m, 0.05 N-m, 0.08 N-m, 0.1 N-m, 0.3 N-m, 0.5 N-m, 0.8 N-m, 1 N-m, 3 N-m, 5 N-m, 8 N-m, or 10 N-m. The resistance torque applying assembly 12 does not apply resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 or applies a second resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 which is small when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2. In this way, it is ensured that the motor shaft 111 can rotate easily when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 without power supply.

[0047] The resistance torque applying assembly 12 can not work or the resistance torque applying assembly 12 applies a resistance torque of 0 or tends to 0 to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2, so that the resistance torque applying assembly 12 does not apply resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2.

[0048] The second resistance torque is opposite to the second rotation direction X2. In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than 0 N-m and less than or equal to 5 N-m. In this way, the second resistance torque is small to ensure that the motor shaft 111 can rotate easily when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 without power supply, and to reduce the design difficulty of the resistance torque applying assembly 12.

[0049] In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than 0.00001 N-m and less than or equal to 1 N-m. In this way, the second resistance torque is small to ensure that the motor shaft 111 can rotate easily when rotating in the second rotation direction X2 without power supply, and to reduce the design difficulty of the resistance torque applying assembly 12.

[0050] In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.00005 N-m and less than or equal to 0.5 N-m. In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0001 N-m and less than or equal to 0.1 N-m. In some embodiments, the second resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.000001 N-m and less than or equal to 0.01 N-m.

[0051] It can be understood that the second resistance torque can take any value greater than 0 N.m and less than or equal to 5 N.m. Exemplarily, the second resistance torque can be 0.000001 N.m, 0.000005 N.m, 0.000008 N.m, 0.00001 N.m, 0.00005 N.m, 0.00008 N.m, 0.0001 N.m, 0.0005 N.m, 0.0008 N.m, 0.001 N.m, 0.005 N.m, 0.008 N.m, 0.01 N.m, 0.05 N.m, 0.08 N.m, 0.1 N.m, 0.5 N.m, 0.8 N.m, 1 N.m, 1.5 N.m, 1.8 N.m, 2 N.m, 2.5 N.m, 2.8 N.m, 3 N.m, 3.5 N.m, 3.8 N.m, 4 N.m, 4.5 N.m, 4.8 N.m, or 5 N.m.

[0052] The first rotation direction X1 and the second rotation direction X2 are two different directions when the motor shaft 111 rotates. When the motor shaft rotates in the first rotation direction X1, the motor shaft can be self-locked when the motor is not powered, and when the motor shaft rotates in the second rotation direction X2, the motor shaft is not self-locked, which is mainly related to the size of the resistance torque when the motor shaft rotates, and has nothing to do with the selection of the rotation direction.

[0053] As shown in FIGS. 1-2 and 5-6, in some embodiments, the resistance torque applying assembly 12 includes a first limiting structure 121. The first limiting structure 121 is configured to limit the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the first axial direction Z1 and apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to an axial force of the first axial direction Z1 and a torque of the first rotational direction X1. In this way, when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to the axial force of the first axial direction Z1, the motor shaft 111 contacts the first limiting structure 121, and the first limiting structure 121 limits the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the first axial direction Z1. In the case that the motor shaft 111 contacts the first limiting structure 121, the rotation of the motor shaft 111 along the first rotational direction X1 relative to the first limiting structure 121 causes a frictional force between the two, which in turn generates the first resistance torque. The greater the contact area between the first limiting structure 121 and the motor shaft 111 and the greater the axial force of the first axial direction Z1, the greater the first resistance torque. In some embodiments, the first limiting structure 121 includes a first annular structure 1211 and a second annular structure 1212. The first annular structure 1211 is disposed around and connected to the motor shaft 111, i.e., the first annular structure 1211 is disposed along the circumference of the motor shaft 111 and connected to the motor shaft 111. The second annular structure 1212 is disposed around the motor shaft 111, and the motor shaft 111 is rotatable in the second annular structure 1212. The first annular structure 1211 is brought into abutment with the second annular structure 1212 by the motor shaft 111 under the action of the axial force of the first axial direction Z1, and the first annular structure 1211 rotates relative to the second annular structure 1212 along with the motor shaft 111 along the first rotational direction X1, generating the first resistance torque. In this way, through the combined design of the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212, when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to the axial force of the first axial direction Z1 and the torque of the first rotational direction X1, the first limiting structure 121 can limit the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the first axial direction Z1 and apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft 111.

[0054] It can be understood that the first limiting structure 121 can also adopt other limiting structure designs.

[0055] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the first annular structure 1211 has a first axial annular end face 1211A in the axial direction of the motor shaft 111, and the first axial annular end face 1211A faces the second annular structure 1212. The second annular structure 1212 has a second axial annular end face 1212B in the axial direction of the motor shaft 111, and the second axial annular end face 1212B faces the first annular structure 1211. When the first annular structure 1211 abuts against the second annular structure 1212, the first axial annular end face 1211A and the second axial annular end face 1212B abut against each other.

[0056] In some embodiments, the area of the first axial annular end surface 1211A can be different from the area of the second axial annular end surface 1212B. In this way, better abutment and friction between the two can be ensured. In one embodiment, the area of the first axial annular end surface 1211A can be greater than the area of the second axial annular end surface 1212B. In another embodiment, the area of the first axial annular end surface 1211A can be less than the area of the second axial annular end surface 1212B. In yet another embodiment, the area of the first axial annular end surface 1211A can be the same as the area of the second axial annular end surface 1212B.

[0057] In some embodiments, at least one of the first axial annular end surface 1211A and the second axial annular end surface 1212B is rough. In this way, the contact area when the first axial annular end surface 1211A and the second axial annular end surface 1212B abut each other is increased, thereby increasing the first resistance torque.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 can be integral with the motor shaft 111. The material of the first annular structure 1211 can be the same as that of the motor shaft 111, and the first annular structure 1211 and the motor shaft 111 can be manufactured at the same time. The material of the first annular structure 1211 can also be different from that of the motor shaft 111, and the first annular structure 1211 can be formed on the motor shaft 111 by casting or the like.

[0059] In other embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 can also be detachably sleeved on the motor shaft 111.

[0060] In some embodiments, the motor 11 further includes a motor housing 112 having a receiving cavity 112A, and the first annular structure 1211, the second annular structure 1212, and part of the motor shaft 111 are located in the receiving cavity 112A. In this way, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 do not occupy space outside the motor 11.

[0061] In some embodiments, a mounting groove of the second annular structure 1212 can be arranged in the receiving cavity 112A of the motor housing 112. The second annular structure 1212 can be mounted in the mounting groove.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 is arranged adjacent to the second annular structure 1212. In this way, the distance between the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 is small, and abutment between the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 is facilitated.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are arranged along the axial direction of the motor housing 112. In this way, when the motor shaft 111 moves along the axial direction of the motor housing 112, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are more likely to abut and generate the first resistance torque.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are arranged along the axial direction of the motor housing 112. In this way, when the motor shaft 111 moves along the axial direction of the motor housing 112, the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are more likely to abut and generate the first resistance torque.

[0065] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, along the axial direction of the motor housing 112, the motor housing 112 further comprises a first opening 112B and a second opening 112C located at both ends, both of which are in communication with the accommodation cavity 112A. Along the axial direction of the motor housing 112, the second opening 112C is located on the side of the first opening 112B away from the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111. The free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 has axial movability.

[0066] In some embodiments, when the first annular structure 1211 and the second annular structure 1212 are located in the accommodation cavity 112A, the second annular structure 1212 is arranged close to the second opening 112C, and the first annular structure 1211 is located on the side of the second annular structure 1212 away from the second opening 112C.

[0067] In some embodiments, the motor 11 further comprises at least one guide structure arranged in the accommodation cavity 112A and located along the axial direction of the motor housing 112, and the motor shaft 111 passes through the opening of the at least one guide structure to ensure that the motor shaft 111 moves linearly in the axial direction. In some embodiments, the guide structure includes but is not limited to a bearing. In some embodiments, the bearing includes but is not limited to a lubricated bearing.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the motor 11 comprises a first guide structure 1131 and a second guide structure 1132. The first guide structure 1131 is arranged adjacent to the first opening 112B, and the second guide structure 1132 is arranged adjacent to the second opening 112C. The motor shaft 111 passes through the openings of the first guide structure 1131 and the second guide structure 1132 to better ensure that the motor shaft 111 moves linearly in the axial direction.

[0069] In some embodiments, the second annular structure 1212 can be a guide structure, for example, the second guide structure 1132. In this way, the second annular structure 1212 plays a limiting role while ensuring that the motor shaft 111 moves linearly in the axial direction, simplifying the structure of the driving device 100.

[0070] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, in some embodiments, in the case where the second annular structure 1212 is the second guide structure 1132, the motor shaft 111 sequentially passes through the second opening 112C, the opening of the second annular structure 1212, the opening of the first annular structure 1211, the accommodating cavity 112A, the opening of the first guide structure 1131, and the first opening 112B in the axial direction of the motor housing 112.

[0071] As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, and 7, in some embodiments, the driving device 100 can further include a third guide structure 1133, which is arranged adjacent to the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111, and the motor shaft 111 passes through the opening of the third guide structure 1133. In this way, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 is ensured to move linearly in the axial direction more stably. The third guide structure 1133 can be a bearing. As shown in FIGS. 3-4 and 7-8, in some embodiments, the resistance torque applying assembly 12 can further include a second limiting structure 122. The second limiting structure 122 is configured to limit the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the second axial direction Z2 and apply a second resistance torque to the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to an axial force in the second axial direction Z2 and a torque in the second rotational direction X2. The first axial direction Z1 is opposite to the second axial direction Z2. In this way, when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to the axial force in the second axial direction Z2, the motor shaft 111 contacts the second limiting structure 122, and the second limiting structure 122 limits the movement of the motor shaft 111 along the second axial direction Z2. When the motor shaft 111 contacts the second limiting structure 122, the rotation of the motor shaft 111 in the second rotational direction X2 relative to the second limiting structure 122 causes a frictional force between them, thereby generating a second resistance torque. The smaller the contact area between the second limiting structure 122 and the motor shaft 111 and the smaller the axial force in the second axial direction Z2, the smaller the second resistance torque.

[0072] The first axial direction Z1 and the second axial direction Z2 are two opposite directions of the axial direction of the motor shaft 111. In some embodiments, the axial force in the first axial direction Z1 is greater than the axial force in the second axial direction Z2. In this way, the first resistance torque generated by the axial force in the first axial direction Z1 is greater than the second resistance torque generated by the axial force in the second axial direction Z2.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second limiting structure 122 is arranged opposite to the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 in the axial direction of the motor shaft 111. Under the action of the second axial force Z2, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 abuts against the second limiting structure 122, and the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 rotates relative to the second limiting structure 122 in the second rotation direction X2 to form a second resistance torque. In this way, the second limiting structure 122 is located at one end of the motor shaft 111 in the axial direction, and the second limiting structure 122 better plays a limiting role. Moreover, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 and the second limiting structure 122 are matched with each other, and when the motor shaft 111 is subjected to the second axial force Z2 and the torque in the second rotation direction X2, the second limiting structure 122 limits the movement of the motor shaft 111 in the second axial direction Z2 and applies the second resistance torque to the motor shaft 111.

[0074] As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 5, 7, and 8, in some embodiments, the second limiting structure 122 can be arranged inside the external housing 50, which is located outside the driving device 100. The external housing 50 can be a gear box body accommodating gear transmission structures, but is not limited thereto. As shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8, in some embodiments, the second limiting structure 122 can be a limiting block.

[0075] As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, in other embodiments, the second limiting structure 122 can also be integrated with an external structure located outside the driving device 100. The external structure can be the external housing 50.

[0076] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, in some embodiments, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 has a convex end face 111B protruding towards the second limiting structure 122. In this way, the contact area between the convex end face 111B of the motor shaft 111 and the second limiting structure 122 is small, reducing the friction area when the convex end face 111B of the motor shaft 111 abuts against the second limiting structure 122, thereby reducing the second resistance torque and ensuring that the motor shaft 111 can easily rotate under the action of the second resistance torque.

[0077] In some embodiments, the convex end face 111B includes a curved surface, which includes at least one of a non-spherical curved surface, a spherical curved surface, and an elliptical curved surface, but is not limited thereto.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first limiting structure 121 has a first friction area when the first limiting structure 121 exerts a first resisting torque on the motor shaft 111. The second limiting structure 122 has a second friction area when the second limiting structure 122 exerts a second resisting torque on the motor shaft 111, and the second friction area is smaller than the first friction area. Thus, the first resisting torque (also referred to as a first friction torque) generated by the first friction area is larger, and the second resisting torque (also referred to as a second friction torque) generated by the second friction area is smaller.

[0079] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 6, the first friction area can be the contact area between the first axial annular end face 1211A and the second axial annular end face 1212B when the first axial annular end face 1211A and the second axial annular end face 1212B abut against each other. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, the second friction area can be the contact area between the first limiting structure 121 and the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 when the first limiting structure 121 and the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 abut against each other.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, in some embodiments, the motor shaft 111 is provided with a first transmission device 21, and the first transmission device 21 is configured to make the motor shaft 111 bear an axial force and a torque in a rotational direction under an external force. The first transmission device 21 can be located outside the motor housing 112, so as to facilitate the first transmission device 21 to transmit the driving force output by the motor shaft 111 and receive the external force. The first transmission device 21 is arranged close to the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first transmission device 21 comprises a helical tooth 211. When the external force is applied to the helical tooth 211, the helical tooth 211 simultaneously applies an axial force and a torque in a rotational direction to the motor shaft 111. When the helical tooth 211 is applied with torques in two different directions, a torque in one direction makes the motor shaft 111 bear an axial force in a first axial direction Z1 and a torque in a first rotational direction X1, and a torque in the other direction can make the motor shaft 111 bear an axial force in a second axial direction Z2 and a torque in a second rotational direction X2.

[0082] In some embodiments, the motor shaft 111 is partially a worm 2311, and the worm 2311 comprises the helical tooth 211. Thus, the worm 2311 can convert the received external force into an axial force and a torque in an axial direction of the motor shaft 111.

[0083] In combination with the above, it can be known that, for the driving device shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, the motor shaft bears different resisting torques when rotating in two different rotational directions, thereby realizing self-locking in one direction and non-self-locking in the other direction.

[0084] It should be noted that, for the first resistance moment and the second resistance moment above, the following describes the calculation method of both by taking the resistance moment applying assembly shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 as an example. It can be understood that, when the resistance moment applying assembly adopts other designs, the calculation formula of the first resistance moment and the second resistance moment can also adopt other ways.

[0085] For example, the calculation formula of the resistance moment is shown in the following formula (1):

[0086] Wherein, F is the axial thrust received by the motor shaft, μ is the friction coefficient of the contact surface, R is the outer ring radius of the contact surface, and r is the inner ring radius of the contact surface. The friction coefficient of the contact surface is related to the material.

[0087] For the first resistance moment, F is equal to the axial force of the first axial direction Z1, R is equal to the radius of the outer ring of the annular contact surface formed by the contact between the first annular structure and the second annular structure when they abut against each other, and r is the radius of the inner ring of the annular contact surface formed by the contact between the first annular structure and the second annular structure when they abut against each other;

[0088] For the second resistance moment, F is equal to the axial force of the second axial direction Z2, R is equal to the radius of the contact surface formed by the contact between the convex end surface 111B and the second limiting structure 122 when they abut against each other, and r is 0.

[0089] According to the second aspect of the present application, referring to FIG. 9 to FIG. 20, the present application provides an actuator 200. The actuator 200 comprises the driving device 100 of any of the above embodiments. Thus, the design of the driving device 100 is beneficial to the motor 11 of the actuator 200 being self-locked when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the first rotation direction X1 without power supply, and not being self-locked when the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2 without power supply.

[0090] In some embodiments, the actuator 200 further comprises an output shaft 60 and a bidirectional transmission device 20. The output shaft 60 can not only receive the driving force output by the motor 11, but also receive external force. The bidirectional transmission device 20 is connected with the motor shaft 111 and the output shaft 60, and is configured to transmit power between the output shaft 60 and the motor shaft 111 in a bidirectional manner, i.e. the bidirectional transmission device 20 can transmit the driving force output by the motor shaft 111 to the output shaft 60 to drive the external driven device, and can also transmit the external force received by the output shaft 60 to the motor shaft 111 to drive the motor shaft 111 to rotate.

[0091] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 12, FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, the bidirectional transmission 20 comprises a first transmission 21, a second transmission 22 and a third transmission 23. The first transmission 21 is arranged on the motor shaft 111. The second transmission 22 is arranged on the output shaft 60. The third transmission 23 is in transmission connection with the first transmission 21 and the second transmission 22. In this way, the power is transmitted between the output shaft 60 and the motor shaft 111 in a bidirectional manner through the first transmission 21, the second transmission 22 and the third transmission 23.

[0092] As shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 12, FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, in some embodiments, the third transmission 23 comprises a first transmission combination 231 and a second transmission combination 232. The first transmission combination 231 is arranged adjacent to the first transmission 21 and in transmission connection with the first transmission 21. The second transmission combination 232 is arranged adjacent to the second transmission 22 and in transmission connection with the first transmission combination 231 and the second transmission 22. In this way, at least two transmission combinations are used to better achieve the bidirectional transmission of power between the output shaft 60 and the motor shaft 111 while simplifying the structure of the third transmission 23.

[0093] In some embodiments, the third transmission 23 can further comprise a third transmission combination in transmission connection with the first transmission combination 231 and the second transmission combination 232.

[0094] It can be understood that the third transmission 23 can also comprise one transmission combination or more than two transmission combinations.

[0095] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, in the case where the first transmission 21 comprises a helical tooth 211 arranged on the motor shaft 111, the first transmission combination 231 comprises a worm 2311 and a first bevel gear 2312. The first bevel gear 2312 is coaxially connected with the worm 2311 and engaged with the helical tooth 211. The worm 2311 is in transmission connection with the second transmission combination 232. In this way, the transmission is achieved through the first bevel gear 2312 and the helical tooth 211 on the motor shaft 111, and the transmission with the second transmission combination 232 is achieved through the worm 2311.

[0096] It should be noted that the axial forces of the first axial direction Z1 and the second axial direction Z2 in the above can be generated by the first bevel gear 2312 exerting force on the helical tooth 211 on the motor shaft 111.

[0097] In some embodiments, the worm 2311 can be a double worm 2311, and the first bevel gear 2312 can be a double bevel gear.

[0098] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, the second transmission combination 232 includes a second bevel gear 2321 and a first spur gear 2322. The second bevel gear 2321 is engaged with the worm 2311. The first spur gear 2322 is coaxially arranged with the second bevel gear 2321 and is engaged with the second transmission device 22. In this way, the transmission is achieved through the second bevel gear 2321 and the worm 2311 of the first transmission combination 231, and through the first spur gear 2322 and the second transmission device 22.

[0099] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, the second transmission combination 232 further includes a first shaft 2325, and the second bevel gear 2321 and the first spur gear 2322 are connected to the first shaft. In this way, the coaxial connection of the second bevel gear 2321 and the first spur gear 2322 is achieved.

[0100] It should be noted that the two-stage worm gear 2311 and the one-stage parallel shaft gear assembly in the bidirectional transmission device 20 shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18 are all non-self-locking and can be driven in two directions.

[0101] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, the extension direction of the worm 2311 intersects the extension direction of the motor shaft 111, and the extension direction of the first shaft 2325 intersects the extension direction of the worm 2311 and is parallel to the extension direction of the motor shaft 111 and the output shaft 60. In this way, the overall structure shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18 is arranged in an L shape.

[0102] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, when the overall structure shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 18 is arranged in the actuator 200 housing, the actuator 200 is in an L shape, which is more conducive to platform application and does not additionally occupy the space of the vehicle in some directions.

[0103] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12, in the case where the first transmission device 21 includes the helical tooth 211 arranged on the motor shaft 111, the first transmission combination 231 includes a third bevel gear 2313 and a second spur gear 2314. The third bevel gear 2313 is engaged with the helical tooth 211. The second spur gear 2314 is coaxially arranged with the third bevel gear 2313 and is in transmission connection with the second transmission combination 232. The transmission is achieved through the third bevel gear 2313 and the helical tooth 211 on the motor shaft 111, and the transmission with the second transmission combination 232 is achieved through the second spur gear 2314.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first transmission combination 231 further includes a second shaft 2315, and the third bevel gear 2313 and the second spur gear 2314 are connected to the second shaft 2315. In this way, the coaxial connection of the third bevel gear 2313 and the second spur gear 2314 is achieved.

[0105] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, the second transmission combination 232 includes a third spur gear 2323 and a fourth spur gear 2324. The third spur gear 2323 is engaged with the second spur gear 2314. The fourth spur gear 2324 is coaxially arranged with the third spur gear 2323 and is engaged with the second transmission device 22. In this way, the transmission is achieved by the third spur gear 2323 and the first transmission combination 231, and the transmission is achieved by the fourth spur gear 2324 and the second transmission device 22.

[0106] In some embodiments, the second transmission combination 232 further includes a third shaft 2326, and the third spur gear 2323 and the fourth spur gear 2324 are connected to the third shaft 2326. In this way, the coaxial connection of the third spur gear 2323 and the fourth spur gear 2324 is achieved.

[0107] It should be noted that the first-stage worm gear 2311 and the two-stage parallel shaft gear assembly in the bidirectional transmission device 20 shown in FIGS. 9 and 12 are not self-locking and can be driven to operate in two directions.

[0108] It should be noted that the axial forces of the first axial direction Z1 and the second axial direction Z2 in the above can be generated by the third helical gear 2313 exerting force on the helical teeth 211 on the motor shaft 111.

[0109] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, the extension direction of the second shaft 2315 intersects the extension direction of the motor shaft 111, and the extension direction of the second shaft 2315 is the same as the extension direction of the third shaft 2326 and the output shaft 60. In this way, the structure shown in FIGS. 9 and 12 is arranged in a plane as a whole.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, when the overall structure shown in FIGS. 9 and 12 is arranged in the housing of the actuator 200, the actuator 200 is in a plane, which is more conducive to platform application, and the connector does not additionally occupy the space of the vehicle in some directions.

[0111] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 and FIGS. 15 to 18, the second transmission device 22 includes an output gear 233, which is rotatably sleeved on the output shaft 60. The output gear 233 is a spur gear.

[0112] It should be noted that the design of the bidirectional transmission device 20 is not limited to the structure design shown in FIGS. 9, 12, 15, and 18, and other bidirectional transmission devices 20 capable of bidirectional power transmission can also be used.

[0113] As shown in FIGS. 10 and 16, in some embodiments, the actuator 200 further comprises a clutching device 30. The clutching device 30 comprises a first clutching part 301 and a second clutching part 302. The first clutching part 301 is sleeved on the output shaft 60, and the second clutching part 302 is movably sleeved on the output shaft 60 and fixedly connected to the second transmission device 22. When the first clutching part 301 is coupled with the second clutching part 302, torque is transmitted between the second transmission device 22 and the output shaft 60. When the first clutching part 301 is decoupled from the second clutching part 302, the transmission of torque between the second transmission device 22 and the output shaft 60 is interrupted.

[0114] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 16, the first clutching part 301 comprises a plurality of first protrusions and a plurality of first recesses alternately arranged along the circumference thereof. The second clutching part 302 comprises a plurality of second protrusions and a plurality of second recesses alternately arranged along the circumference thereof. As shown in (B) of FIG. 10 and (B) of FIG. 16, when the first clutching part 301 is coupled with the second clutching part 302, the first protrusions are located in the second recesses, and the second protrusions are located in the first recesses. As shown in (A) of FIG. 10 and (A) of FIG. 16, when the first clutching part 301 is decoupled from the second clutching part 302, the plurality of first protrusions abut against the plurality of second protrusions.

[0115] Wherein, no matter the clutching device 30 is in the decoupled state or the coupled state, the second transmission device 22 is in mesh with the spur gear in the second transmission combination 232.

[0116] As shown in FIGS. 11 and 17, in the case where the second transmission device 22 comprises an output gear 233, the output gear 233 is rotatably sleeved on the output shaft 60, and the second clutching part 302 is fixedly connected to the output gear 233. The clutching device 30 further comprises a circumferential limiting part 304 and an elastic member 303. The circumferential limiting part 304 is arranged along the circumference of the output shaft 60. The elastic member 303 is sleeved on the output shaft 60 and arranged between the circumferential limiting part 304 and the output gear 233, and elastically pushes the output gear 233 to provide a pre-tightening force to the second clutching part 302 towards the first clutching part 301. In this way, the elastic pre-tightening force of the elastic member 303 to the output gear 233 ensures that the second clutching part 302 is coupled with the first clutching part 301. When the torque applied to the output gear 233 is large enough to overcome the elastic pre-tightening force of the elastic member 303 to the output gear 233, the second clutching part 302 and the first clutching part 301 can be decoupled.

[0117] In some embodiments, the elastic member 303 comprises but is not limited to a spring, which is movably sleeved on the output shaft 60.

[0118] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11, the actuator 200 can further include an elastic ring 307 movably sleeved on the output shaft 60, the elastic ring 307 being located between the circumferential limiting portion 304 and the end of the output shaft 60. In some embodiments, the elastic ring 307 can be an O-shaped sealing ring.

[0119] As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 17, the actuator 200 can further include an axial stop 305 sleeved on the output shaft 60. The axial stop 305 is located on the side of the first clutch portion 301 away from the second clutch portion 302. In this way, the axial stop 305 functions to prevent the first clutch portion 301 from moving in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 11, the axial stop 305 can be an annular elastic stop ring. As shown in FIG. 17, the axial stop 305 can be an open stop ring.

[0120] As shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 12, FIG. 15 and FIG. 18, in some embodiments, the driving device 100 further includes a first rotation detection device 401 fixed on the motor 11 and configured to detect a rotation parameter when the motor shaft 111 rotates. The rotation parameter can be at least one of a rotation direction, a rotation speed and a rotation stroke of the motor shaft 111. In this way, by detecting the rotation parameter of the motor shaft 111, the state of the motor shaft 111 is monitored, so as to facilitate the control of the motor shaft 111.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first rotation detection device 401 includes a magnetic ring 4011 and at least one Hall sensor 4012. The magnetic ring 4011 is connected with the motor shaft 111 and configured to rotate with the motor shaft 111 when the motor shaft 111 rotates. The at least one Hall sensor 4012 is arranged on the motor 11 and configured to sense the change of the magnetic field of the magnetic ring 4011 when the motor shaft 111 rotates.

[0122] In some embodiments, the first rotation detection device 401 can further include a circuit board such as a printed circuit board 4013 (PCB) fixed on the motor housing 112. The at least one Hall sensor 4012 is fixed on the circuit board.

[0123] In some embodiments, one Hall sensor 4012 is fixed on the circuit board and can detect the rotation speed when the motor shaft 111 rotates. In other embodiments, two Hall sensors 4012 are arranged on the circuit board at intervals and can detect the rotation direction when the motor shaft 111 rotates. When one or two Hall sensors 4012 are fixed on the circuit board, the motor 11 can have a single-channel Hall or double-channel Hall output function, so as to realize the open / close obstacle-reversing fallback or hovering function of the externally driven device driven by the motor 11.

[0124] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 18, the actuator 200 further comprises a second rotation detection device 402 connected with the output shaft 60 and configured to detect the rotation parameter of the output shaft 60 when the output shaft 60 rotates. In this way, the rotation condition of the output shaft 60 is monitored by the second rotation detection device 402.

[0125] In some other embodiments, the second rotation detection device 402 can comprise a potentiometer 4021 connected to the output shaft 60 to detect the rotation angle of the output shaft 60. In addition, the actuator 200 has a potentiometer 4021 signal output function, which can realize the open / close obstacle reversal fallback or hovering function of the driven external device driven by the motor 11.

[0126] According to a third aspect of the present application, referring to FIG. 21 to FIG. 24, the present application provides a flap assembly 300. The flap assembly 300 comprises a flap 3001 and the actuator 200 of any of the above embodiments. The actuator 200 is connected with the flap 3001.

[0127] Based on the design of the above-mentioned actuator 200, when a first external force for opening the flap 3001 in the closed position is applied, the first external force drives the motor shaft 111 to rotate in the first rotation direction X1 through the bidirectional transmission device 20. When a second external force for closing the flap in the open position is applied, the second external force drives the motor shaft 111 to rotate in the second rotation direction X2 through the bidirectional transmission device 20, and the minimum value of the second external force is smaller than the minimum value of the first external force. In this way, the second external force for closing the flap can drive the motor shaft 111 to rotate in the second rotation direction X2, which is convenient for detecting the motor shaft 111 in the second rotation direction X2 to start the motor 11 to drive the flap 3001 to close, so that the actuator 200 has a follow-up function, thereby reducing the second external force required to close the flap and improving the experience of closing the flap 3001. In addition, the minimum value of the second external force for closing the flap is smaller than the minimum value of the first external force for opening the flap, which reduces the second external force for closing the flap while increasing the minimum value of the first external force, thereby reducing the risk of incorrect opening of the flap under the action of the external force and improving the safety of the flap when closing.

[0128] It should be noted that in the present application, opening the flap includes the case of completely opening the flap and partially opening the flap. When the flap is completely opened, the flap rotates from the closed position to the completely open position; when the flap is partially opened, the flap rotates from the closed position to a position between the completely open position and the closed position.

[0129] In some embodiments, the ratio of the minimum value of the first external force to the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 20. In this way, the ratio of the minimum value of the first external force to the minimum value of the second external force is relatively large, which ensures that the minimum value of the first external force is relatively large and the minimum value of the second external force is relatively small, thereby better improving the safety of the closure of the lid and reducing the second external force required to close the lid, thereby improving the experience of closing the lid 3001.

[0130] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 5N and less than or equal to 50N. In this way, it is ensured that the minimum value of the first external force is appropriate, which reduces the risk of incorrect opening of the lid under the action of the external force, thereby improving the safety of the closure of the lid, and also ensures that the lid can be opened manually.

[0131] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 8N and less than or equal to 40N. In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 10N and less than or equal to 35N. In some embodiments, the minimum value of the first external force is greater than or equal to 15N and less than or equal to 30N.

[0132] It can be understood that the minimum value of the first external force can be any value between 5N and 50N. Exemplarily, the minimum value of the first external force can be 5N, 8N, 10N, 15N, 18N, 20N, 25N, 28N, 30N, 35N, 38N, 40N, 45N, 48N or 50N.

[0133] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 0.5N and less than or equal to 20N. In this way, the minimum value of the second external force required to close the lid is reduced, thereby improving the experience of closing the lid 3001.

[0134] In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 1N and less than or equal to 18N. In some embodiments, the minimum value of the second external force is greater than or equal to 3N and less than or equal to 15N.

[0135] It can be understood that the minimum value of the second external force can be any value between 0.5N and 20N. Exemplarily, the minimum value of the second external force can be 0.5N, 1N, 2N, 3N, 4N, 5N, 6N, 7N, 8N, 9N, 10N, 11N, 12N, 13N, 14N, 15N, 16N, 17N, 18N, 19N or 20N.

[0136] It should be noted that the minimum value of the first external force and the minimum value of the second external force can be detected by a force gauge.

[0137] The force gauge detects the minimum value of the first external force in the following manner: when the lid is in the fully closed position, the force gauge detects the minimum value of the first external force required to open the lid at a test position. The test position is any position within a region 0mm-50mm from the edge of the lid. During detection, the angle between the direction of the force applied by the force gauge to the lid and the plane of the lid is 70°-110°. The manner in which the lid is opened can be full opening or partial opening. The lid can be opened horizontally or vertically.

[0138] The force gauge detects the minimum value of the second external force in the following manner: when the lid is in the fully open position or the partially open position, the force gauge detects the minimum value of the second external force required to close the lid at a test position. The test position is any position within a region 0mm-50mm from the edge of the lid. During detection, the angle between the direction of the force applied by the force gauge to the lid and the plane of the lid is 70°-110°. The manner in which the lid is closed can be horizontal closing or vertical closing.

[0139] In some embodiments, the lid assembly 300 further comprises a control device (not shown in the figure), which is configured to, when the lid in the open position is subjected to the second external force for closing the lid, detect that the motor shaft 111 rotates in the second rotation direction X2, and / or detect that the angle of rotation of the output shaft 60 under the second external force exceeds a preset angle, and control the motor 11 to be powered on, and the motor shaft 111 of the motor 11 powered on drives the lid to close through the bidirectional transmission device 20 and the output shaft 60. In this way, the second external force for closing the lid is monitored by detecting the rotation of the motor shaft 111 and / or the output shaft 60 under the second external force. When the second external force for closing the lid is detected, the motor 11 is powered on and drives the lid 3001 to close, and the size of the second external force is reduced to achieve the follow-up function of the actuator 200, so as to ensure that the hand feeling when the lid is closed is better.

[0140] It should be noted that the design of the first limiting structure 121 and the second limiting structure 122 described above can achieve detection of the second external force for closing the lid by utilizing the non-self-locking function of the motor shaft 111 when rotating in the second rotation direction X2.

[0141] In some embodiments, the lid assembly further comprises a rotation detection device 40, which is connected to the control device and is configured to detect the rotation parameter of at least one of the motor shaft 111 and the output shaft 60.

[0142] In some embodiments, the rotation detection device 40 can include at least one of the first rotation detection device 401 and the second rotation detection device 402 described above.

[0143] In some embodiments, when a first external force is applied to the cover 3001 in the closed position to open the cover 3001, the first clutch portion 301 and the second clutch portion 302 are decoupled under the action of the first external force. Under the first external force, the motor shaft 111 rotates in the first rotation direction X1, and the motor shaft 111 rotating in the first rotation direction X1 is self-locked under the action of the first limiting structure 121. After the motor shaft 111 is self-locked, the bidirectional transmission device 20, the output shaft 60, and the second clutch portion 302 on the output shaft 60 cannot rotate. When the second external force is greater than the elastic pre-tightening force of the elastic member 303 applied to the second clutch portion 302, the first clutch portion 301 and the second clutch portion 302 are decoupled, and the cover 3001 is forcibly opened under the second external force.

[0144] In some embodiments, when a second external force is applied to the cover in the open position to close the cover, or the motor 11 is energized and drives the cover to open or close through the bidirectional transmission device 20 and the output shaft 60, the first clutch portion 301 and the second clutch portion 302 are coupled to each other. In this way, it is ensured that the clutch device 30 is coupled when the cover is electrically opened, closed, or manually closed, thereby transmitting torque.

[0145] In some embodiments, the coupling torque of the clutch device 30 is greater than the stall torque of the actuator 200. In this way, when the cover is electrically opened or closed, the clutch device 30 is coupled and torque is transmitted, and the stall torque of the actuator 200 can be transmitted without decoupling.

[0146] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 23, the cover assembly can further include a position switch 3002.

[0147] In some embodiments, one position switch 3002 and the Hall sensor 4012 on the motor 11 can identify the opening and closing modes of the motor 11. When the cover is in the open state and is electrically closed, the actuator 200 Hall (also the Hall sensor 4012 on the motor 11) is 0, and the position switch is in the closed state. When the cover is in the closed state and is electrically opened, the actuator 200 outputs a certain number of Hall, and the position switch is in the open state. When the cover is in the open state and is manually closed under the second external force, the actuator 200 outputs a certain number of Hall, and the position switch is in the closed state. When the cover is in the closed state and is manually opened, the actuator 200 Hall number does not change, and the position switch is in the open state.

[0148] In other embodiments, the two position switches and the Hall sensor 4012 on the motor 11 can identify the opening and closing modes of the motor 11. When the lid is in the open state and is electrically closed, the actuator 200 Hall returns to 0, the first position switch is in the closed state, and the second position switch is in the open state. When the lid is in the closed state and is electrically opened, the actuator 200 outputs a certain number of Hall, the first position switch is in the open state, and the second position switch is in the closed state. When the lid is in the open state and is manually closed under the second external force, the actuator 200 outputs a certain number of Hall, the first position switch is in the closed state, and the second position switch is in the open state. When the lid is in the closed state and is manually opened under the first external force, the actuator 200 Hall has no change, the first position switch is in the open state, and the second position switch is in the open state.

[0149] In some embodiments, the actuator 200 has a concentric structure including a positioning pin and a positioning sleeve. When the positioning pin and the positioning sleeve are assembled with the lid body, the concentricity of the assembled output shaft 60 and the lid connecting shaft of the lid can be ensured, thereby improving the stability during transmission.

[0150] The process of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 9 and 15 for closing the lid under the first external force and opening the lid under the second external force is described below.

[0151] When the lid is in the closed position and is manually opened by the first external force, the lid rotating shaft connected to the lid drives the non-self-locking bidirectional transmission device 20 to the motor shaft 111, and the first external force can make the motor shaft 111 bear the first axial force Z1 and the first rotation direction X1 torque. Under the action of the first axial force Z1, the first annular structure 1211 contacts the second annular structure 1212, and the friction torque generated increases with the increase of the axial force, thereby achieving self-locking of the motor shaft 111. Continue to increase the size of the first external force, so that the first clutch part 301 and the second clutch part 302 of the clutch device 30 are dynamically decoupled, and the clutch device 30 is decoupled, that is, the strong opening function of the lid is achieved. Continued to move a certain angle (for example, 90°), will make the clutch device 30 enter the next coupling position and re-couple. The first external force is relatively large, and also achieves a certain anti-play effect.

[0152] When the lid is in the open position, the lid rotating shaft drives the non-self-locking bidirectional transmission device 20 to the motor shaft 111 manually by using a second external force, which can cause the motor shaft 111 to be subjected to an axial force in the second axial direction Z2 and a torque in the second rotational direction X2. Under the action of the axial force in the second axial direction Z2, the free end 111C of the motor shaft 111 is in contact with the second limiting structure 122, the contact area is small, the generated friction torque is small, and the motor shaft 111 can be easily rotated under the action of the torque. The magnetic ring 4011 on the motor shaft 111 rotates together, and the Hall sensor 4012 on the circuit board detects the rotation of the motor shaft 111 and transmits the signal sensed by the Hall sensor 4012 to the control device. The control device drives the entire actuator 200 to complete the closing of the lid, that is, the follow-up function is realized. The second external force is relatively small, and the customer experience is good.

[0153] The working mode of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 12 and 18 for realizing the forced opening function of the lid is the same as that of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 9 and 15, and will not be described here. The working mode of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 12 and 18 for realizing the follow-up function of the lid is also basically similar to that of the actuator 200 shown in FIGS. 9 and 15, and the same parts will not be described here. The difference lies in that when the output shaft 60 rotates under the action of the second external force, the potentiometer 4021 on the output shaft 60 detects that the output shaft 60 rotates by an angle, transmits the signal sensed by the potentiometer 4021 to the control device, and the control device controls the actuator 200 to be electrically driven to close the lid, realizing the follow-up function.

[0154] As shown in FIG. 25, according to the fourth aspect of the present application, the present application also provides a vehicle 400, which comprises the lid assembly 300 described above.

[0155] Some embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects.

[0156] (1) The bidirectional transmission device of the actuator can be bidirectionally transmitted without self-locking. However, under the action of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure, the entire transmission system can be reversely driven under the action of an external force to realize self-locking in one direction and non-self-locking in the other direction. The self-locking direction realizes the forced opening function of the lid, and the non-self-locking direction realizes the follow-up function of the lid.

[0157] (2) When the actuator is forced to close under the action of the second external force, the internal transmission system is not self-locking, and only a small second external force is needed to easily rotate the lid to realize the follow-up function, so that the hand feeling when the lid is closed can be better.

[0158] (3) When the actuator is forced to open under the action of the first external force, the internal transmission system is self-locking, a larger force needs to be applied to decouple the clutch device to realize the forced opening function, and the safety when the lid is closed can be ensured.

[0159] (4) The actuator can quickly execute the electric closing of the cover after sensing the action of the user manually closing the cover, giving the user a more intelligent experience in the electric closing scenario.

[0160] (5) The design of the bidirectional transmission assembly adopted by the actuator makes the actuator more suitable for platform application.

[0161] (6) The actuator adopts a Hall sensor and / or a potentiometer. In the follow-up function, the Hall sensor detects the signal of the rotation of the motor shaft and / or the potentiometer detects the rotation angle of the output shaft, which are transmitted to the control device.

[0162] The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the technical solutions of the present application and its core idea; those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A driving device (100), comprising: a motor (11) comprising a motor shaft (111); and a resistance torque applying assembly (12) configured to apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) rotates in a first rotation direction (X1), and not to apply a resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) rotates in a second rotation direction (X2); or configured to apply a first resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) rotates in the first rotation direction (X1), and a second resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) rotates in the second rotation direction (X2), the first resistance torque being greater than the second resistance torque; the first rotation direction (X1) being opposite to the second rotation direction (X2). The resistance torque applying assembly (12) comprises:

2. The drive arrangement (100) according to claim 1, wherein a first limiting structure (121) configured to limit movement of the motor shaft (111) in a first axial direction (Z1) and apply the first resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) is subjected to an axial force in the first axial direction (Z1) and a torque in the first rotation direction (X1); and a second limiting structure (122) configured to limit movement of the motor shaft (111) in a second axial direction (Z2) and apply the second resistance torque to the motor shaft (111) when the motor shaft (111) is subjected to an axial force in the second axial direction (Z2) and a torque in the second rotation direction (X2), the first axial direction being opposite to the second axial direction. The first limiting structure (121) has a first friction area when the first limiting structure (121) applies the first resistance torque to the motor shaft (111); 3. The drive arrangement (100) according to claim 2, wherein The second limiting structure (122) has a second friction area when the second limiting structure (122) applies the second resistance torque to the motor shaft (111), the second friction area being less than the first friction area. The first limiting structure (121) comprises a first annular structure (1211) disposed around and connected to the motor shaft (111), and a second annular structure (1212) disposed around the motor shaft (111); the motor shaft (111) drives the first annular structure (1211) and the second annular structure (1212) to abut each other under the action of the axial force in the first axial direction, and the first annular structure (1211) rotates relative to the second annular structure (1212) when the motor shaft (111) rotates in the first rotation direction (X1), thereby generating the first resistance torque.

4. The drive arrangement (100) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein The motor further comprises a motor housing (112) having a receiving cavity (112A), and the first annular structure (1211), the second annular structure (1212), and part of the motor shaft (111) are located in the receiving cavity (112A).

5. The drive arrangement (100) according to claim 4, wherein ​ 6. The drive arrangement (100) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein The first annular structure (1211) is arranged adjacent to the second annular structure (1212).

7. The drive arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein The second annular structure (1212) is a guide structure.

8. The drive arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein The second limiting structure (122) is arranged opposite to a free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) in the second axial direction; under the action of an axial force in the second axial direction, the free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) abuts against the second limiting structure (122), and when the free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) rotates relative to the second limiting structure (122) in the second rotation direction (X2), the second resistance torque is generated.

9. The drive arrangement (100) according to claim 8, wherein The free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) has a convex end face (111B) which protrudes towards the second limiting structure (122).

10. The drive arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein The motor shaft (111) is provided with a first transmission device (21), and the free end (111C) of the motor shaft (111) is arranged adjacent to the first transmission device (21), and the first transmission device (21) comprises a helical tooth (211).

11. The driving device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising: first rotation detection means (401) fixed to the motor and configured to detect a rotation parameter when the motor shaft (111) rotates.

12. The drive arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein The first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0001 N·m and less than or equal to 10 N·m.

13. The drive arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein The first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0005 N·m and less than or equal to 5 N·m. Alternatively, The first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0009 N·m and less than or equal to 1 N·m. Alternatively, The first resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.001 N·m and less than or equal to 0.5 N·m.

14. The drive arrangement (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein The second resistance torque is greater than 0 N·m and less than or equal to 5 N·m.

15. The drive arrangement (100) according to claim 14, wherein The second resistance torque is greater than 0.00001 N·m and less than or equal to 1 N·m. Alternatively, The second resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.00005 N·m and less than or equal to 0.5 N·m. Alternatively, The second resistance torque is greater than or equal to 0.0001 N·m and less than or equal to 0.1 N·m.

16. An actuator (200) comprising the driving device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The actuator (200) according to claim 16, further comprising: an output shaft (60); and a bidirectional transmission device (20) connected with the motor shaft (111) and the output shaft (60) and configured to bidirectionally transmit power between the output shaft (60) and the motor shaft (111). The bidirectional transmission device (20) comprises:

18. The actuator (200) according to claim 17, wherein a first transmission device (21) arranged on the motor shaft (111); a second transmission device (22) arranged on the output shaft (60); and a third transmission device (23) in transmission connection with the first transmission device (21) and the second transmission device (22). ​ 19. The actuator (200) according to claim 18, wherein The first transmission device (21) comprises a helical gear (211) arranged on the motor shaft (111).

20. The actuator (200) according to claim 18 or 19, wherein The third transmission device (23) comprises: a first transmission assembly (231) arranged adjacent to the first transmission device (21) and in transmission connection therewith; and a second transmission assembly (232) arranged adjacent to the second transmission device (22) and in transmission connection with the first transmission assembly (231) and the second transmission device (22).

21. The actuator (200) according to claim 20, wherein The first transmission device (21) comprises a helical gear (211) arranged on the motor shaft (111); the first transmission assembly (231) comprises: a worm (2311) in transmission connection with the second transmission assembly (232); and a first helical gear (2312) coaxially connected with the worm (2311) and in meshing connection with the helical gear (211).

22. The actuator (200) according to claim 21, wherein The second transmission assembly (232) comprises: a second helical gear (2321) in meshing connection with the worm (2311); and a first spur gear (2322) coaxially arranged with the second helical gear (2321) and in meshing connection with the second transmission device (22).

23. The actuator (200) according to claim 22, wherein The second transmission assembly (232) further comprises a first shaft (2325) to which the second helical gear (2321) and the first spur gear (2322) are connected.

24. The actuator (200) according to claim 23, wherein The extension direction of the worm (2311) intersects the extension direction of the motor shaft (111), and the extension direction of the first shaft intersects the extension direction of the worm (2311) and is parallel to the extension directions of the motor shaft (111) and the output shaft (60).

25. The effector (200) according to any one of claims 20 to 24, wherein The first transmission device (21) comprises a helical gear (211) arranged on the motor shaft (111); the first transmission assembly (231) comprises: a third helical gear (2313) in meshing connection with the helical gear (211); and a second spur gear (2314) coaxially arranged with the third helical gear (2313) and in transmission connection with the second transmission assembly (232).

26. The actuator (200) according to claim 25, wherein The first transmission assembly (231) further comprises a second shaft (2315) to which the third helical gear (2313) and the second spur gear (2314) are connected.

27. The effector (200) according to claim 25 or 26, wherein The second transmission assembly (232) comprises: a third spur gear (2323) in meshing connection with the second spur gear (2314); and a fourth spur gear (2324) coaxially arranged with the third spur gear (2323) and in meshing connection with the second transmission device (22).

28. The actuator (200) according to claim 27, wherein The second transmission assembly (232) further comprises a third shaft (2326) to which the third spur gear (2323) and the fourth spur gear (2324) are connected.

29. The actuator (200) according to claim 28, wherein The first transmission assembly (231) further comprises a second shaft (2315) to which the third helical gear (2313) and the second spur gear (2314) are connected; The extending direction of the second shaft intersects with the extending direction of the motor shaft (111), and the extending direction of the second shaft is the same as the extending direction of the third shaft (2326) and the output shaft (60).

30. The effector (200) according to any one of claims 18 to 29, wherein The second transmission device (22) comprises an output gear (233) rotatably sleeved on the output shaft (60).

31. The actuator (200) according to any one of claims 18-29, further comprising: a clutch device (30) comprising a first clutch part (301) and a second clutch part (302), the first clutch part (301) being sleeved on the output shaft (60), the second clutch part (302) being movably sleeved on the output shaft (60) and fixed to the second transmission device (22), when the first clutch part (301) is coupled with the second clutch part (302), torque is transmitted between the second transmission device (22) and the output shaft (60), and when the first clutch part (301) is decoupled from the second clutch part (302), the transmission of torque between the second transmission device (22) and the output shaft (60) is interrupted.

32. The actuator (200) according to claim 31, wherein The second transmission device (22) comprises an output gear (233) rotatably sleeved on the output shaft (60), and the second clutch part (302) is fixed to the output gear (233); The clutch device (30) further comprises: a circumferential limiting part (304) arranged along the circumference of the output shaft (60); and a resilient member (303) sleeved on the output shaft (60), arranged between the circumferential limiting part (304) and the output gear (233), and elastically pushing the output gear (233) to provide a pre-tightening force on the second clutch part (302) towards the first clutch part (301).

33. The actuator (200) according to any one of claims 17-32, further comprising: a second rotation detection device (402) connected to the output shaft (60) and configured to detect a rotation parameter when the output shaft (60) rotates.

34. A flap assembly (300) comprising the actuator (200) according to any one of claims 16-33.

35. A vehicle (400) comprising the flap assembly (300) according to claim 34.

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