Battery module and battery pack

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is a battery module, comprising a battery row unit, the battery row unit being provided with a plurality of battery cells arranged in a row; a heat exchange element, the heat exchange element extending in a first direction, the first direction being the arrangement direction of the plurality of battery cells, and the heat exchange element being configured to cool each battery cell; and a heat supply element, the heat supply element being mounted on the heat exchange element, the heat supply element being in close contact with each battery cell, and the heat supply element being configured to heat each battery cell. At the same time, also disclosed is a battery pack using the battery module, achieving the purpose of quickly adjusting battery cells to an optimal temperature range on the premise of a simplified structure.

Description

Battery pack and battery package

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 2024223513059 filed on September 25, 2024 with the China Patent Office, the whole content of which is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack and a battery package. BACKGROUND

[0003] During the charging and discharging process of the power battery, a large amount of heat is usually generated. In order not to affect the overall performance of the power battery, cooling technology is a very important link, and temperature management of the power battery is the core goal of the cooling technology. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0004] The related cooling technology usually adopts air cooling and liquid cooling methods to control the temperature of the power battery. Among them, air cooling adopts the way of forced convection heat transfer to dissipate heat. Due to the low thermal conductivity and small heat capacity of air, the cooling effect of air cooling is poor, and new energy vehicles have gradually eliminated it. The liquid cooling technology adopts liquid circulation to uniformly dissipate heat, which is suitable for long-time operation and precise temperature control scenes, and has high safety. However, the overall structure of the liquid cooling system is complex, many parts are required, and the cost is high, which is difficult to meet the increasingly severe cost reduction demand. TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, comprising: a battery row unit, a heat exchange element and a heat supply element, the battery row unit has a plurality of arranged battery cells; the heat exchange element is arranged along a first direction, the first direction is the arrangement direction of the plurality of battery cells, and the heat exchange element is arranged to cool each battery cell; the heat supply element is installed on the heat exchange element, and the heat supply element is in contact with each battery cell, and the heat supply element is arranged to heat each battery cell.

[0006] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery package, comprising the above battery pack. ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS

[0007] The battery pack and the battery package provided by the present application have the following technical effects:

[0008] The heat exchange element can be used to directly cool the battery cell with refrigerant, and the heating element can be used to directly heat the battery cell. Not only the heat exchange efficiency of the battery cell is effectively improved, but also the battery cell can be quickly adjusted to the optimal temperature range under high temperature or low temperature working conditions, so that the battery cell is kept in the optimal use performance. The overall structure is simple and convenient to assemble, thereby effectively solving the problems of complex structure, many parts and high cost caused by the liquid cooling system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] Fig. 1 is a whole assembly structure diagram of a battery pack according to the present application;

[0010] Fig. 2 is a first partial assembly diagram of a battery pack according to the present application;

[0011] Fig. 3 is a second partial assembly diagram of a battery pack according to the present application;

[0012] Fig. 4 is a third partial assembly diagram of a battery pack according to the present application;

[0013] Fig. 5 is a fourth partial assembly diagram of a battery pack according to the present application;

[0014] Fig. 6 is a whole structure schematic diagram of a refrigeration assembly according to the present application.

[0015] Fig. 1 is a whole assembly structure diagram of a battery pack according to the present application;

[0016] Embodiments of the present application

[0017] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present application discloses a battery pack, which comprises a battery row unit 1, a heat exchange element 2 and a refrigeration assembly 4. The battery row unit 1 has a plurality of arranged battery cells 11. The battery cell 11 is preferably a cylindrical battery, and can also be a square battery. Each battery cell 11 has a positive electrode end face, a negative electrode end face and a circumferential curved surface between the positive electrode end face and the negative electrode end face. The positive electrode end face is the side of the battery cell 11 provided with a positive electrode current collector, and the negative electrode end face is the side of the battery cell 11 provided with a negative electrode current collector. The positive electrode end face and the negative electrode end face are connected to the circumferential curved surface. The height direction H of the battery cell 11 is the direction of the battery cell 11 extending from the negative electrode end face to the positive electrode end face along the central axis.

[0018] Optionally, as shown in FIGS. 1-4, the heat exchange element 2 is arranged to extend along a first direction, which is the arrangement direction of the plurality of battery cells 11. Specifically, the heat exchange element 2 includes a heat exchange body 24 arranged to extend along the first direction, the heat exchange body 24 has a fluid channel inside for circulating refrigerant, and the heat exchange body 24 is further provided with a heat exchange wall for contacting the peripheral curved surface of the battery cell 11. When the battery cell 11 is in a long-term charging state or discharging state, or when the battery cell 11 triggers thermal runaway, the temperature of the battery cell 11 is relatively high, resulting in a temperature difference between the refrigerant and the battery cell 11. A large amount of heat will be conducted from the peripheral curved surface with a relatively high temperature to the heat exchange wall with a relatively low temperature, so that the battery cell 11 exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the fluid channel through the heat exchange wall. Finally, the refrigerant carrying a large amount of heat is delivered out of the heat exchange body 24, thereby achieving heat dissipation of the battery cell 11.

[0019] In this embodiment, the fluid channel extends along the height direction H of the battery cell 11 in a reciprocating and circuitous manner. That is, the fluid channel includes a plurality of horizontal flow passages arranged side by side along the height direction H of the battery cell 11 and independently arranged, and a transition flow passage connecting the two adjacent horizontal flow passages end to end. The independent arrangement means that the refrigerant in each horizontal flow passage does not interfere with the refrigerant in other horizontal flow passages, so that the refrigerant maintains stable flow in the corresponding horizontal flow passage. The extension direction of each fluid channel is consistent with the first direction.

[0020] In this way, after the refrigerant flows into the fluid channel, it not only cools the plurality of battery cells 11 of the battery row unit 1 one by one along the first direction, but also flows from top to bottom or bottom to top along the height direction H of the battery cell 11 in a circuitous manner. This is equivalent to the refrigerant flowing from bottom to top or top to bottom along the height direction H of the battery cell 11 in a circuitous manner, so that the heat exchange time between the refrigerant and the battery cell 11 is greatly increased, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of the refrigerant.

[0021] In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, in order to increase the contact area between the peripheral curved surface of the battery cell 11 and the heat exchange wall of the heat exchange body 24, so that a large amount of heat released by the battery cell 11 can be more timely, efficient and quickly conducted to the refrigerant in the fluid channel. The heat exchange body 24 of the heat exchange element 2 is formed with a plurality of heat exchange stations 21, and the plurality of heat exchange stations 21 are uniformly arranged along the first direction. The shape and size of each heat exchange station 21 are adapted to the shape and size of each battery cell 11, that is, each heat exchange station 21 is in the shape of an arc-shaped groove adapted to the battery cell 11. Alternatively, the heat exchange element 2 is in the shape of a serpentine pipe, at this time, the serpentine corrugated concave surface of the heat exchange element 2 constitutes the heat exchange station 21, that is, the heat exchange station 21 in the shape of an arc-shaped groove is the serpentine corrugated concave surface of the heat exchange element 2, and each battery cell 11 is embedded in the corresponding heat exchange station 21, thereby greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery cell 11.

[0022] Therefore, the cooperation among the refrigerant direct cooling, the heat exchange station 21 and the fluid channel extending in a reciprocating and winding manner can quickly absorb and timely discharge the heat of the battery pack and the large amount of heat released by the battery cell 11, and the heat exchange efficiency is higher than that of the liquid cooling and air cooling, so as to effectively ensure the use performance, service life and use safety of the battery cell 11.

[0023] Optionally, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6, the heat exchange element 2 has an input end 22 and an output end 23, the input end 22 is communicated with one end of the fluid channel, and the output end 23 is communicated with the other end of the fluid channel. The above-mentioned refrigeration assembly 4 includes an input plug 41, an output plug 42, an input external pipe 43 and an output external pipe 44, the input external pipe 43 is connected with the input plug 41, the output external pipe 44 is connected with the output plug 42, the input plug 41 is fixedly connected with the input end 22 of the heat exchange element 2, and the output plug 42 is fixedly connected with the output end 23 of the heat exchange element 2, so as to realize the purpose of connecting the refrigeration assembly 4 with the heat exchange element 2.

[0024] Therefore, the external refrigerant will flow through the input plug 41 under the guidance of the input external pipe 43 of the refrigeration assembly 4, and then be input into the fluid channel, the refrigerant carries the large amount of heat released by each battery cell 11, and then flows through the output plug 42 to be delivered to the output external pipe 44 of the refrigeration assembly 4, and then be guided out of the battery pack under the action of the output external pipe 44, so as to achieve the purpose of the refrigeration assembly 4 cooperating with the heat exchange element 2 to exchange heat with each battery cell 11, and the structure is simple, and the flow path of the refrigerant is clear and simple, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and troubleshooting.

[0025] Optionally, the input plug 41 and / or the output plug 42 are SAE quick plugs. On the one hand, the SAE quick plug belongs to a mature pipe joint meeting the same standard, so that the cost of replacing parts can be reduced. Meanwhile, the input plug 41 is detachably connected with the input end 22 of the heat exchange element 2, and the output plug 42 is detachably connected with the output end 23 of the heat exchange element 2, so that the difficulty of disassembly is reduced, which is beneficial to subsequent replacement, thereby greatly reducing the maintenance cost.

[0026] It should be noted that the battery row unit 1 can be arranged on the two opposite sides of the heat exchange element 2, which is beneficial to further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange element 2 and the battery pack. Meanwhile, the utilization rate of the refrigerant can be improved.

[0027] The core scheme of the embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 2, the battery pack further comprises a heat supply element 3 and a heating assembly 5. The heat supply element 3 is installed on the heat exchange element 2 and contacts each battery cell 11. The heating assembly 5 is connected to the heat supply element 3. When the temperature of the environment where the battery cell 11 is located decreases, the heating assembly 5 cooperates with the heat supply element 3 to provide heat to each battery cell 11, so that the battery cell 11 can still be in a more appropriate use temperature range, and the optimal use state and use performance are maintained.

[0028] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat supply element 3 comprises a plurality of heat supply units 31 and a conductive unit 32 fixedly connected between adjacent two heat supply units 31. The plurality of heat supply units 31 are connected in series through the conductive unit 32. Each heat supply unit 31 is in contact with the corresponding battery cell 11. In the case of power supply, the heat supply unit 31 converts electrical energy into heat energy, and the released heat energy is conducted to the battery cell 11, so as to adjust and restore the temperature of each battery cell 11 to an appropriate temperature range.

[0029] As an optional mode of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat supply unit 31 is an electric heating wire or a heating pipe, and the heat supply unit 31 extends along the height direction H of the battery cell 11 in a reciprocating and circuitous manner, so that the heat supply unit 31 can uniformly provide heat to the peripheral curved surface of the battery cell 11. The conductive unit 32 comprises a first conductor and a second conductor arranged oppositely. The first conductor is fixedly connected to one end of the heat supply unit 31 or a position close to the one end. The second conductor is fixedly connected to the other end of the heat supply unit 31 or a position close to the other end. The fixed connection can be welding connection, and can also be one-piece forming.

[0030] That is, the heat supply element 3 itself can generate heat to heat the battery cell 11. At this time, the heating assembly 5 functions to provide electrical energy.

[0031] In other preferable embodiments, the heat supply element 3 can also be a heat conduction structure, and the heating assembly 5 is a heat generating structure, such as a heating fluid. The heating fluid heats the battery cell 11 through the heat supply element 3.

[0032] Optionally, each heat supply unit 31 is arranged in a corresponding heat exchange station 21, so that when the battery cell 11 is embedded in the heat exchange station 21, the heat supply unit 31 is clamped and fixed between the battery cell 11 and the heat exchange station 21. In order to improve the stability of the installation of the heat supply unit 31, a heat conductive adhesive is arranged between the battery cell 11 and the heat supply unit 31.

[0033] Thus, the heat-conducting adhesive member is used to stably bond the heat supply unit 31 to the circumferential curved surface of the battery cell 11, and meanwhile, the heat released by the heat supply unit 31 can be more evenly spread to the circumferential curved surface of the battery cell 11, thereby improving the heating uniformity and heating efficiency, and ensuring that the circumferential curved surface of the battery cell 11 can be stably and closely contacted with the heat exchange station 21, and the heat released by the battery cell 11 can be stably conducted to the refrigerant.

[0034] In addition, the battery pack further comprises a foamed adhesive, which is filled between the adjacent two battery cells 11 and covers at least part of the battery cells 11, so that the assembled battery pack is more firm and compact. Meanwhile, the risk of dry burning of the heat supply unit 31 can be effectively prevented.

[0035] Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the heat exchange element 2 has a serpentine tubular structure, and the heat supply element 3 has a film structure and is arranged on the side surface of the heat exchange element 2. Further alternatively, the heat supply element 3 is pasted on the side surface of the heat exchange element 2, and the heat supply element 3 is bent together with the heat exchange element 2 in a serpentine shape, wherein the serpentine concave surface of the heat exchange element 2 forms the heat exchange station 21, the heat supply unit 31 is arranged in the serpentine concave surface of the heat exchange element 2, and the conductive unit 32 crosses the serpentine convex surface of the heat exchange element 2 to connect the adjacent two heat supply units 31. In this way, the heat supply unit 31 and the serpentine concave surface of the heat exchange element 2 can be stably and closely contacted, and the heat supply unit 31 can be effectively contacted with the battery cell 11, so that the maximum heating rate of the entire battery pack can be well ensured.

[0036] It should be noted that the heat supply element 3 can also be arranged on the side surface of the heat exchange element 2 by other ways such as clamping and inserting, and the mounting mode of the heat supply element 3 is not limited herein.

[0037] As an optional mode of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the above-mentioned heating assembly 5 comprises a conductive connecting member 51 and an insertion conductive head 52 electrically connected to the conductive connecting member 51. The conductive connecting member 51 is arranged at the end of the heat exchange element 2. As shown in FIG. 4, the conductive connecting member 51 can have a U-shaped structure, and the conductive connecting member 51 can be inserted and matched with the end of the heat exchange element body 24, so that the conductive connecting member 51 can be stably mounted and fixed to avoid the risk of short circuit. In addition to the insertion and matching mode, the conductive connecting member 51 can also be clamped and connected to the end of the heat exchange element body 24, or the conductive connecting member 51 can be pasted to the end of the heat exchange element body 24, or the conductive connecting member 51 can be fixed to the end of the heat exchange element body 24 by a fastener. The conductive connecting member 51 is electrically connected to the heat supply unit 31.

[0038] It can be understood that the plug-in conductive head 52 has a positive conductive head and a negative conductive head, and the positive conductive head and the negative conductive head are electrically connected to the relay, and the relay is used to control the on-off state of the circuit in which the heating assembly 5 is located.

[0039] In the embodiment, the arrangement scheme of the battery row unit 1, the heat exchange element 2 and the heat supply element 3 can be at least two kinds as follows:

[0040] (1) The heat exchange element 2 and the heat supply element 3 are arranged only on one side of the battery row unit 1;

[0041] (2) The heat exchange element 2 and the heat supply element 3 are arranged on opposite sides of the battery row unit 1.

[0042] As a specific example of the above-mentioned scheme (1), please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the battery pack includes a plurality of battery row units 1 arranged side by side, a plurality of heat exchange elements 2, and a plurality of heat supply elements 3, wherein the number of battery row units 1 is equal to the number of heat supply elements 3, the number of battery row units 1 is twice the number of heat exchange elements 2, one heat supply element 3 and one battery row unit 1 are arranged on opposite sides of each heat exchange element 2, and as shown in FIG. 3, that is, two adjacent battery row units 1 arranged side by side form a battery module, each battery module is configured with one heat exchange element 2 and two heat supply elements 3, and the heat exchange element 2 is arranged between the two adjacent battery row units 1 arranged side by side, so that the two adjacent heat exchange elements 2 are spaced apart by two rows of battery row units 1, thereby effectively improving the density of the battery pack.

[0043] As a specific example of the above-mentioned scheme (2), the battery pack includes a plurality of battery row units 1 arranged side by side, a plurality of heat exchange elements 2, and a plurality of heat supply elements 3, wherein the number of heat supply elements 3 is twice the number of battery row units 1, the number of heat exchange elements 2 is one more than the number of battery row units 1, the heat exchange elements 2 and the battery row units 1 are arranged alternately, and one heat supply element 3 is arranged on opposite sides of each battery row unit 1, that is, in the battery pack, two heat exchange elements 2 are located at the outermost side, the heat exchange element 2 located at the outermost side is only arranged with a heat supply element 3 and a battery row unit 1 inside, and the other heat exchange elements 2 are arranged with heat supply elements 3 on both opposite sides, so that each two adjacent battery row units 1 arranged side by side are configured with a heat exchange element 2, and the area where heat is concentrated in the middle of the battery pack can be fully adjusted, thereby better ensuring that each cell 11 can be adjusted more timely and efficiently.

[0044] Based on the foregoing several heat exchange elements 2, the refrigeration assembly 4 can optionally connect the several heat exchange elements 2 in parallel. At this time, in the refrigeration assembly 4, the input plug-in connector 41 is also provided with several, the output plug-in connector 42 is also provided with several, all the input plug-in connectors 41 are connected to the input external pipe 43, all the output plug-in connectors 42 are connected to the output external pipe 44, each input plug-in connector 41 is respectively fixedly connected with the input end 22 of a heat exchange element 2, and the first output plug-in connector 42 is respectively fixedly connected with the output end 23 of a heat exchange element 2. In other preferred embodiments, the refrigeration assembly 4 can also connect the several heat exchange elements 2 in series, at this time, the adjacent two heat exchange elements 2 can be connected in series through the intermediate pipe, and the input plug-in connector 41 is connected to the input end 22 of the heat exchange element 2 on one outer side, and the output plug-in connector 42 is connected to the input end 22 of the heat exchange element 2 on the other outer side.

[0045] Based on the foregoing several heat exchange elements 2, the refrigeration assembly 4 can optionally connect the several heat exchange elements 2 in parallel. At this time, in the refrigeration assembly 4, the input plug-in connector 41 is also provided with several, the output plug-in connector 42 is also provided with several, all the input plug-in connectors 41 are connected to the input external pipe 43, all the output plug-in connectors 42 are connected to the output external pipe 44, each input plug-in connector 41 is respectively fixedly connected with the input end 22 of a heat exchange element 2, and the first output plug-in connector 42 is respectively fixedly connected with the output end 23 of a heat exchange element 2. In other preferred embodiments, the refrigeration assembly 4 can also connect the several heat exchange elements 2 in series, at this time, the adjacent two heat exchange elements 2 can be connected in series through the intermediate pipe, and the input plug-in connector 41 is connected to the input end 22 of the heat exchange element 2 on one outer side, and the output plug-in connector 42 is connected to the input end 22 of the heat exchange element 2 on the other outer side.

[0046] Based on the structure and connection relationship of the battery pack, the applicant also discloses a battery pack comprising the battery pack.

Claims

1. A battery pack comprising: a battery row unit (1) having a plurality of arranged battery cells (11); a heat exchange element (2) extending along a first direction, the first direction being the arrangement direction of the battery cells (11), the heat exchange element (2) being arranged to cool each of the battery cells (11); a heat supply element (3) mounted on the heat exchange element (2) and in contact with each of the battery cells (11), the heat supply element (3) being arranged to heat each of the battery cells (11).

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein: The heat supply element (3) comprises a plurality of heat supply units (31) and a conductive unit (32) fixedly connected between two adjacent heat supply units (31), each heat supply unit (31) being in contact with a corresponding battery cell (11).

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein: The heat supply unit (31) is an electric heating wire or a heating pipe, and extends along the height direction H of the battery cell (11).

4. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein: The battery cell (11) is a cylindrical battery, and the heat exchange element (2) is formed with a plurality of heat exchange stations (21), each heat exchange station (21) being adapted in shape and size to each battery cell (11), each battery cell (11) being embedded in a corresponding heat exchange station (21), and each heat exchange station (21) being provided with a heat supply unit (31).

5. The battery pack of claim 4, wherein: The heat exchange element (2) is in a serpentine pipe structure, and the heat supply element (3) is in a film structure and is arranged on the side of the heat exchange element (2).

6. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein: The heat supply element (3) is attached to the side of the heat exchange element (2), wherein the serpentine concave surface of the heat exchange element (2) forms the heat exchange station (21), the heat supply unit (31) is arranged in the serpentine concave surface of the heat exchange element (2), and the conductive unit (32) is arranged on the serpentine convex surface of the heat exchange element (2) to connect two adjacent heat supply units (31).

7. The battery pack of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein: A heat conductive adhesive is arranged between the battery cell (11) and the heat supply unit (31).

8. The battery pack of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: At least one side of the battery row unit (1) is provided with the heat exchange element (2) and the heat supply element (3).

9. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein: A plurality of battery row units (1), a plurality of heat exchange elements (2) and a plurality of heat supply elements (3) are arranged side by side, wherein the number of battery row units (1) is equal to the number of heat supply elements (3), the number of battery row units (1) is twice the number of heat exchange elements (2), and each heat exchange element (2) is provided with a heat supply element (3) and a battery row unit (1) on opposite sides.

10. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein: The battery pack comprises a plurality of battery row units (1), a plurality of heat exchange elements (2), and a plurality of heat supply elements (3), wherein the number of the heat supply elements (3) is twice the number of the battery row units (1), the number of the heat exchange elements (2) is one more than the number of the battery row units (1), the heat exchange elements (2) and the battery row units (1) are arranged alternately, and each battery row unit (1) is arranged with a heat supply element (3) on each side.

11. The battery pack of claim 9 or 10, wherein: The battery pack further comprises a refrigeration assembly (4) and a heating assembly (5), wherein each heat exchange element (2) is connected to the refrigeration assembly (4), and each heat supply element (3) is connected to the heating assembly (5).

12. The battery pack of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The battery pack further comprises a foamed colloid, which is filled between adjacent two battery cells (11) and covers at least part of the battery cells (11).

13. A battery pack comprising the battery group according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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