Autonomous device for killing oil-bearing and gas-bearing wells and extinguishing fires

Abstract

The claimed invention relates to the field of safety in the oil and gas industry and can be used for quickly killing wells, as well as for extinguishing wells or containers containing petroleum products. An autonomous device for killing wells and extinguishing fires comprises a housing (1) in the from of a vessel, said housing containing a killing and fire extinguishing fluid (2) and a gas generating element (3) with a gas generating pyrotechnic charge (4). A heat sensitive element (7) is connected by a fire signal transmission line (8) to an activator. The gas generating element is designed to be capable of generating sufficient excess pressure in the housing to expel the killing and fire extinguishing fluid through a connecting neck (9) of the housing and into the cavity of a wellbore. The invention achieves the technical result of permitting the activation and operation of an autonomous device for killing wells and extinguishing fires which is capable of being activated manually and / or of reacting autonomously to an outbreak of fire in a well or a protected container.

Description

[0001] Autonomous device for shutting down oil and gas wells with a fire extinguishing function

[0002] Field of technology

[0003] The invention relates to devices that enable work in the oil and gas industry and can be used for shutting down and simultaneously extinguishing oil and gas wells, for example, through a preventer.

[0004] During major and routine well workovers, there may be instances where fluid, oil-containing liquid (OCL), or gas blowouts occur. During a blowout, the fluid may ignite, making it impossible to seal the well and increasing the risk of an emergency at the wellhead. Existing well-killing methods require the presence of kill pumps, such as the CA-320 units, and refill tanks with kill fluid, such as aqueous potassium chlorate solutions, at the wellhead. Likewise, existing wellhead fire suppression methods require calling in emergency crews to extinguish the fire at the wellhead. Currently, the ability to quickly extinguish a well with crews stationed at the wellhead is completely lacking.

[0005] State of the art

[0006] A fire extinguishing method known from the prior art can be used to extinguish fires in buildings, open spaces, and in oil and gas wells. This method consists of destroying a container filled with a liquid fire extinguishing agent when the internal pressure in it increases sharply, and dispersing this agent in the fire zone. The plastic container body is destroyed and the extinguishing agent is dispersed by exposing the extinguishing agent to an electric pulse discharge when the container is in the fire zone. (Patent RU 2210412 C2, publication date 20.08.2003)

[0007] A device for extinguishing fires at gas, oil, and gas-oil wells is also known. It can be used to extinguish fires at gas, oil, and gas-oil wells. The device comprises a sealed container with a chemical inhibitor, a cylinder-type gas source, connected to the cavity of said container by a tubular aerator, which injects the extinguishing agent through a shut-off device and a main pipeline. The pipeline is connected via a membrane, mechanical, or electric valve to a nozzle sprayer. The nozzle is designed as a slit-shaped converging nozzle with

[0008] 1

[0009] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the angle of convergence of the generators in the vertical plane, determined by the given mathematical expression (RU 2534311 C1, publication date 27.11.2014).

[0010] The closest equivalent is a device for preventing forest, industrial, and emergency transport fires and establishing firebreaks (RU2701614C1, dated September 30, 2019). This known device comprises a sealed composite housing, housed in a protective frame, containing fire extinguishing agent components; a means for mixing the extinguishing agent components, followed by foaming; and a means for creating pressure within the housing in the form of at least one solid-fuel gas generator capable of generating pressure within the housing during combustion. The technical result sought by this solution is the extinguishing of forest, industrial, and emergency transport fires.

[0011] It should be noted that the current solution lacks the ability to initiate with a thermochemical initiator, which precludes autonomous startup. Furthermore, the current solution is unable to generate pressure in the housing above 1.6 MPa, precluding its use for well suppression, as well as fluid release pressures can reach 12 MPa-15 MPa.

[0012] The invention pertains to foam fire extinguishing and is designed to extinguish fires involving flammable and combustible liquids over large burning areas and in large petroleum storage tanks. The invention can be most successfully applied to extinguish fires in large fuel storage tank farms, various spaces, tanker holds, and large spills of flammable and combustible liquids. The device consists of a container filled with a foaming agent solution and a solid-fuel gas generator installed within the container above the foaming agent level. It utilizes solid-fuel aerosol-forming compounds as a source of aerosol flame retardant, possessing the highest specific fire extinguishing capacity among known extinguishing agents.The technical effect of the claimed device consists in creating an autonomous fire extinguishing device by means of a complex effect on the combustion source of foam and an inhibitory aerosol (patent RU 2622815 C1, publication date 06 / 20 / 2017).

[0013] Disclosure of invention

[0014] 2

[0015] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) The technical problem that the stated solution is aimed at solving is the autonomous killing of wells (without electrical power or the presence of pumping units), by a team working at the well and / or in the event of a fire, high-speed extinguishing of a well in autonomous mode or autonomous extinguishing of tanks with oil-containing liquids or petroleum products.

[0016] The technical result of the claimed invention consists in ensuring the possibility of activation and operation of an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function, capable of being initiated in manual mode and / or responding to a fire in a well or protected container in autonomous mode.

[0017] A special feature of the autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function is that it can be connected to the supply lines of the existing preventer block circuit with a manifold line or other pressure lines of top-up tanks or tanks for storing petroleum products.

[0018] The specified technical result is achieved in an autonomous device for killing oil and gas wells with a fire extinguishing function, namely: according to the first variant, the achievement of the specified technical result is carried out by manufacturing an autonomous device for killing wells with a fire extinguishing function, containing a sealed housing (vessel) filled with a liquid for killing wells that is simultaneously a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), for example, an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, at least one thermochemical gas-generating element (GGE) containing a thermochemical composition, a thermochemical initiator connected to the gas-generating element (GGE) by a fire impulse transmission device capable of transmitting a fire impulse and / or a mechanical initiator of the gas-generating element and / or an electrical initiator (GGE) capable of igniting the thermochemical composition, as well as a connecting neck of the sealed housing (vessel),through which, by means of pipes, it is possible to connect an autonomous well-killing device with a fire-extinguishing function, for example, to a manifold line or other pressure line of tanks for storing natural gas liquids or petroleum products; according to the second option, the achievement of the specified technical result is achieved by manufacturing an autonomous well-killing device with a fire-extinguishing function, containing a sealed housing (vessel) filled with a well-killing liquid that also serves as a fire-extinguishing agent,

[0019] 3

[0020] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) (OTV), for example, an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, at least one thermochemical gas-generating element (GGE) containing a thermochemical composition, a thermochemical initiator connected to the gas-generating element (GGE) by a fire impulse transmission device capable of transmitting a fire impulse and / or a mechanical initiator of the gas-generating element and / or an electric initiator (GGE capable of igniting the thermochemical composition, as well as a connecting neck of a sealed housing (vessel), through which, by means of pipes, it is possible to connect an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function, for example, to a manifold line or other pressure line of tanks for storing NSL or petroleum products, the device also additionally contains a pressure regulator to which a fire hose with a fire nozzle is connected for extinguishing the adjacent territory; according to the third option,achieving the specified technical result is achieved by manufacturing an autonomous device for killing wells with a fire extinguishing function, comprising a sealed housing (vessel) filled with a liquid for killing wells that is also a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), for example, an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, at least one thermochemical gas-generating element (GGE) containing a thermochemical composition and an additional compartment with surface-active substances (SAS) expelled from the GGE by gases at the time of combustion of the thermochemical composition into the volume of the sealed housing (vessel), a thermochemical initiator connected to the gas-generating element (GGE) by a fire impulse transmission device capable of transmitting a fire impulse and / or a mechanical initiator of the gas-generating element and / or an electrical initiator (GGE) capable of igniting the thermochemical composition, as well as a connecting neck of the sealed housing (vessel),through which, by means of pipes, it is possible to connect an autonomous well-killing device with a fire-extinguishing function, for example, to a manifold line or other pressure line of tanks for storing natural gas liquids or petroleum products; according to the fourth option, the achievement of the specified technical result is achieved by manufacturing an autonomous well-killing device with a fire-extinguishing function, containing a sealed housing (vessel) filled with a well-killing liquid that also serves as a fire-extinguishing agent,

[0021] 4

[0022] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) (OTV), for example, an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, at least one thermochemical gas-generating element (GGE) containing a thermochemical composition and an additional compartment with surface-active substances (SAS) expelled from the GGE by gases at the time of combustion of the thermochemical composition into the volume of a sealed housing (vessel), a thermochemical initiator connected to the gas-generating element (GGE) by a fire impulse transmission device capable of transmitting a fire impulse and / or a mechanical initiator of the gas-generating element and / or an electric initiator (GGE) capable of igniting the thermochemical composition, as well as a connecting neck of the sealed housing (vessel), through which, by means of pipes, it is possible to connect an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function, for example, to a manifold line or other pressure line of tanks for storing NSL or petroleum products, the device also additionally contains a pressure regulator,to which a fire hose with a fire nozzle is connected for extinguishing the adjacent area.

[0023] The proposed device is an assembly unit, made in a single housing, and has functional and structural unity, therefore it can be claimed as a patent.

[0024] The proposed autonomous well-killing device with fire suppression capability can be installed in open areas at some distance from the protected facilities (wells, NSL tanks, or petroleum product tanks). If necessary, the autonomous well-killing device with fire suppression capability can be quickly relocated and installed near the new protected facility.

[0025] Implementation of the invention

[0026] In accordance with the first embodiment of the device, the following is information on the preferred embodiment of the device, which is not intended to limit the scope of the requested protection, determined by the features of the independent claim.

[0027] Fig. 1 shows a diagram and a variant of the arrangement of an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function, which makes it possible to solve the problem of prompt well killing, and in the event of a fire, autonomous extinguishing without the presence of a person, where 1 is the device body (vessel), 2 is a liquid for killing and fire extinguishing, for example, a saturated solution of potassium salt (KS1) in water, 3 is a gas-generating element (GGE), which is, for example, a body in the form of

[0028] 5

[0029] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) pipes with openings on the side walls for the outlet of gas generated by the thermochemical gas-generating charge, containing a thermochemical gas-generating charge (4), placed inside the body of the device (1), 4 - thermochemical gas-generating charge, 5 - mechanical initiator GGE, 6 - thermochemical initiator, 7 - heat-sensitive element, 8 - line for transmitting a fire signal from the heat-sensitive element to the thermochemical initiator, 9 - connecting neck, 10 - safety valve.

[0030] In the event of a fluid blowout at the wellhead, operating personnel have the option of shutting off the wellbore preventer, but prompt wellbore kill remains necessary. This is especially important at remote wellheads, where access for specialized equipment, such as the CA-320 cementing units and wellbore kill fluid tanks, is difficult or impossible. When deciding to promptly kill the well to prevent an emergency, personnel access the autonomous wellbore kill device with fire suppression and manually activate the mechanical wellbore kill trigger (5), for example, by pulling the safety pin (not shown in Fig. 1). After the safety pin (not shown in Fig. 1) is released, the mechanical initiator GGE (5) is launched, generating a fire pulse to initiate the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4) located inside at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3).During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), gases are released intensively (within 10-20 seconds), filling the device body (vessel) (1), which contains the liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2). When the device body (vessel) (1) is filled with gases, the pressure in it rises, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the value of the required backpressure to create the necessary force for killing the well. The pressure in the device body (vessel) (1) is regulated by a safety valve (10), pre-set to the required cut-off pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa. During the pressure build-up in the device body (vessel) (1), the well killing fluid (2) begins to flow through the connection neck (9), for example, along the manifold line (not shown in Fig. 1) into the preventer, creating counter pressure on the fluid and filling the wellbore space with well killing and fire extinguishing fluid (2).The volume of liquid for killing and fire extinguishing supplied to the well can be, for example, in the range from 1.0 m3 to 20.0 m3.

[0031] 6

[0032] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) If during an accident the preventer fails to close and the fluid ejected through the preventer from the well under pressure ignites, the installed thermochemical initiator (4) is triggered in the preventer installation area via the fire pulse transmission line (8). The fire pulse transmission speed may reach, for example, 2000-4000 meters per second. The ignition temperature of the heat-sensitive element (7) may be, for example, 173 °C. After the fire pulse is transmitted to the thermochemical initiator (4), the thermochemical composition (4) ignites in at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3). During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), gases are intensely (within 10-20 seconds) released, filling the device body (vessel) (1), which contains the liquid for killing and extinguishing (2).When the device body (vessel) (1) is filled with gases, the pressure in it rises, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the values ​​​​of the required backpressure to create the force necessary for extinguishing the well. The pressure in the device body (vessel) (1) is regulated by a safety valve (10), pre-set to the required cut-off pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa. During the pressure buildup in the device body (vessel) (1), the well killing fluid (2) performs the functions of a fire extinguishing agent (FE) and begins to flow through the connection neck (9), for example, along the manifold line (not shown in Fig. 1) into the preventer, creating backpressure on the fluid, interrupting the discharge of fluid through the open channel of the preventer (not shown in Fig. 1) and filling the internal volume of the preventer, which leads to guaranteed extinguishing of the well.The volume of liquid for killing, acting as a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to the well for extinguishing may be, for example, in the range from 1.0 m3 to 20.0 m3. The intensity of the supply of liquid for killing and extinguishing (2), acting as a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to the well for extinguishing may be, for example, in the range from 0.1 m3 to 0.5 m3 per second.

[0033] Additionally, the device according to the first embodiment includes an electrical initiator. It should be noted that the electrical initiator is a bridge in the form of a thin wire made of a high-resistance metal, attached to the contacts of the electrical initiator, onto which a thermochemical lubricant is applied, capable of easily igniting when heated and producing a thermal pulse of sufficient intensity to initiate the main thermochemical composition. When applied to

[0034] 7

[0035] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) electrical voltage initiator, the wire bridge instantly heats up and ignites the thermochemical grease.

[0036] In accordance with the second embodiment of the device, the following is information about the preferred embodiment of the device, which is not intended to limit the scope of the requested protection, determined by the features of the independent claim.

[0037] Fig. 2 shows a diagram and a variant of the arrangement of an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function, which makes it possible to solve the problem of prompt well killing, and in the event of a fire, autonomous extinguishing without human presence, where 1 is the device body (vessel), 2 is liquid for killing and fire extinguishing, 3 is a gas-generating element (GGE), 4 is a thermochemical gas-generating charge, 5 is a mechanical GGE initiator, 6 is a thermochemical initiator, 7 is a heat-sensitive element, 8 is a line for transmitting a fire signal from the heat-sensitive element to the thermochemical initiator, 9 is a connecting neck, 10 is a safety valve, 11 is a pressure regulator, 12 is a fire nozzle, 13 is a pressure hose of the fire nozzle.

[0038] In the event of a fluid blowout at the wellhead, operating personnel have the option of shutting off the preventer, but the need for prompt well killing remains. This is particularly relevant at remote wellheads, where access for specialized equipment, in particular, CA-320 cementing units and tanks with killing fluid, is difficult or impossible. When the decision is made to promptly kill the well, to prevent the development of an emergency, personnel approach the autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function and manually initiate the mechanical initiator GGE (5), for example, by breaking the safety pin (not shown in Fig. 2). After breaking the safety pin (not shown in Fig. 2), the mechanical initiator GGE (5) is launched, generating a fire pulse to initiate the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), located inside at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3).During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), gases are released rapidly (over the course of 10-20 seconds), filling the device body (vessel) (1), which contains the suppression and fire-extinguishing liquid (2). As the device body (vessel) (1) fills with gases, the pressure within it rises, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the required backpressure to create the necessary suppression force.

[0039] 8

[0040] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) well. The pressure in the device body (vessel) (1) is regulated by a safety valve (10), pre-set to the required cut-off pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa. During the pressure build-up in the device body (vessel) (1), the well killing fluid (2) begins to flow through the connection neck (9), for example, along the manifold line (not shown in Fig. 2) into the preventer, creating back pressure on the fluid and filling the wellbore space with well killing and fire extinguishing fluid (2). The volume of well killing and fire extinguishing fluid supplied to the well can be, for example, in the range from 1.0 m3 to 20.0 m3.

[0041] If during an accident the preventer fails to close and the fluid ejected through the preventer from the well under pressure ignites, a pre-installed heat-sensitive element (7) connected to the thermochemical initiator (4) via the fire pulse transmission line (8) is triggered in the preventer installation area. The fire pulse transmission speed may reach, for example, 2000-4000 meters per second. The ignition temperature of the heat-sensitive element (7) may be, for example, 173°C. After the fire pulse is transmitted to the thermochemical initiator (4), the thermochemical composition (4) ignites in at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3). During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), gases are released intensively (within 10-20 seconds), filling the device body (vessel) (1), which contains the suppression and extinguishing liquid (2).When the device body (vessel) (1) is filled with gases, the pressure in it rises, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the values ​​​​of the required backpressure to create the force necessary for extinguishing the well. The pressure in the device body (vessel) (1) is regulated by a safety valve (10), pre-set to the required cut-off pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa. During the pressure buildup in the device body (vessel) (1), the well killing fluid (2) performs the functions of a fire extinguishing agent (FE) and begins to flow through the connection neck (9), for example, along the manifold line (not shown in Fig. 1) into the preventer, creating backpressure on the fluid, interrupting the discharge of fluid through the open channel of the preventer (not shown in Fig. 1) and filling the internal volume of the preventer, which leads to guaranteed extinguishing of the well.The volume of liquid for killing, which acts as a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to the well for extinguishing can be, for example, in the range from 1.0 m3 to 20.0 m3. The intensity of liquid supply for.

[0042] 9

[0043] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) for suppression and extinguishing (2), which performs the function of a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to the well for extinguishing can be, for example, in the range from 0.1 m3 to 0.5 m3 per second.

[0044] In a situation where manual extinguishing of a wellhead or equipment around a well or a residential area is required (Fig. 2), after increasing the pressure in the device body (vessel) (1), it is possible to open the pressure regulator (I) to create a working pressure, for example, in the range from 0.4 MPa to 1.0 MPa in the fire nozzle (12) and the pressure hose of the fire nozzle (13), for example, 30 meters long. The pressure regulator (11) serves to reduce the pressure created in the device body (vessel) (1), for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, to the maximum pressure value in the pressure hose of the fire nozzle (13) and the fire nozzle (12), for example, no more than 1.0 MPa.

[0045] Additionally, the device according to the second embodiment includes an electrical initiator. It should be noted that the electrical initiator is a bridge made of a thin, high-resistance metal wire attached to the contacts of the electrical initiator. The bridge is coated with a thermochemical lubricant that readily ignites when heated and produces a thermal pulse of sufficient intensity to initiate the main thermochemical composition. When voltage is applied to the electrical initiator, the wire bridge instantly heats up and ignites the thermochemical lubricant.

[0046] In accordance with the third embodiment of the device, the following is information about the preferred embodiment of the device, which is not intended to limit the scope of the requested protection, determined by the features of the independent claim.

[0047] Fig. 3 shows a diagram and a variant of the arrangement of an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function, which makes it possible to solve the problem of prompt well killing, and in the event of a fire, autonomous extinguishing without human presence, as well as prompt extinguishing of containers with oil-containing liquids or oil products, where 1 is the device body (vessel), 2 is a liquid for killing and fire extinguishing, 3 is a gas-generating element (GGE), 4 is a thermochemical gas-generating charge, 5 is a mechanical GGE initiator, 6 is a thermochemical initiator, 7 is a heat-sensitive element, 8 is a line for transmitting a fire signal from the heat-sensitive element to the thermochemical initiator, 9 is a connecting neck, 10 is a safety valve, 11 is a pressure regulator, 12 is a fire

[0048] 10

[0049] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) nozzle, 13 - fire nozzle pressure hose, 14 - compartment for surface-active substances (surfactants), 15 - surface-active substances (surfactants), 16 - pressure line, 17 - storage tank for petroleum products, 18 - petroleum products.

[0050] In the event of a fluid blowout at the wellhead, operating personnel have the option of shutting off the wellbore preventer, but prompt wellbore kill remains necessary. This is especially important at remote wellheads where access for specialized equipment, particularly CA-320 cementing units and wellbore kill fluid tanks, is difficult or impossible. When deciding to promptly kill the well to prevent an emergency, personnel access the autonomous wellbore kill device with fire suppression and manually activate the mechanical wellbore kill trigger (5), for example, by pulling the safety pin (not shown in Fig. 3). After the safety pin is broken (not shown in Fig. 3), the mechanical initiator GGE (5) is launched, generating a fire pulse to initiate the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4) located inside at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3).During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), the gases released intensively (within 10-20 seconds) enter the surfactant compartment (14) and intensively squeeze the surfactant (15) into the device body (vessel) (1), simultaneously intensively mixing the surfactant (15) with the well-killing and fire-extinguishing liquid (2), raising the pressure in the device body (vessel) (1). When the device body (vessel) (1) is filled with gases, the pressure in it rises, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the values ​​​​of the required backpressure to create the necessary force when killing the well. The pressure in the device body (vessel) (1) is regulated using the safety valve (10), pre-set to the required cut-off pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa.During the pressure buildup in the device body (vessel) (1), the well-killing and fire-extinguishing fluid (2), mixed with a surfactant (15), begins to flow through the connection neck (9), for example, along the manifold line (not shown in Fig. 3) into the preventer, creating a backpressure on the fluid and filling the wellbore space with the well-killing and fire-extinguishing fluid (2), mixed with a surfactant (15). The volume of the well-killing and fire-extinguishing fluid supplied to the well can be, for example, in the range from 1.0 m3 to 20.0 m3.

[0051] If during an accident it was not possible to close the preventer and a fire occurred in the fluid ejected through the preventer from the well under pressure in the zone,

[0052] 11

[0053] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) When installing the preventer, the pre-installed heat-sensitive element (7) is activated, connected to the thermochemical initiator (4) via the fire pulse transmission line (8). The fire pulse transmission speed can reach, for example, 2000-4000 meters per second. The ignition temperature of the heat-sensitive element (7) can be, for example, 173 °C. After the fire pulse is transmitted to the thermochemical initiator (4), ignition of the thermochemical composition (4) occurs in at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3). During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), the gases released intensively (within 10-20 seconds) enter the compartment for the surfactant (14) and intensively squeeze the surfactant (15) into the device body (vessel) (1), while simultaneously intensively mixing the surfactant (15) with the liquid for suppressing and extinguishing the fire (2), raising the pressure in the device body (vessel) (1).When the device (vessel) (1) body is filled with gases, the pressure within it rises, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the required backpressure to create the necessary force for extinguishing the well. The pressure in the device (vessel) (1) body is regulated using a safety valve (10), preset to the required cutoff pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa. During the pressure build-up in the device body (vessel) (1), the liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2), mixed with a surfactant (15) performs the functions of a fire extinguishing agent (FE) and begins to flow through the connecting neck (9), for example, through the pressure line of the manifold (not shown in Fig. 4) into the preventer, creating a counterpressure on the fluid, interrupting the discharge of fluid through the open channel of the preventer (not shown in Fig. 3) and filling the internal volume of the preventer, which leads to guaranteed extinguishing of the well.The volume of liquid for killing the fire, which functions as a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to the well for extinguishing may be, for example, in the range from 1.0 m3 to 20.0 m3. The intensity of the supply of liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2), which functions as a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to the well for extinguishing may be, for example, in the range from 0.1 m3 to 0.5 m3 per second.

[0054] In a situation where manual extinguishing of a wellhead or equipment around a well or a residential area is required (Fig. 5), after increasing the pressure in the device body (vessel) (1), it is possible to open the pressure regulator (11) to create a working pressure, for example, in the range from 0.4 MPa to 1.0 MPa in the fire nozzle (12) and the pressure hose of the fire nozzle (13), for example, 30 meters long, to supply a mixture of liquid for killing and extinguishing (2) and surfactant (15). Pressure regulator (11)

[0055] 12

[0056] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) serves to reduce the pressure created in the body of the device (vessel) (1), for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, to the value of the maximum pressure in the pressure hose of the fire nozzle (13) and the fire nozzle (12), for example, no more than 1.0 MPa.

[0057] When connecting an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function to the pressure line (16) of the oil product storage tank (17) (Fig. 5), it becomes possible to extinguish the oil product storage tank (17) in autonomous or manual mode, without the use of electrical signals and without human presence.

[0058] In the event of a fire occurring at an oil storage tank (17) during an accident, a pre-installed heat-sensitive element (7) connected to a thermochemical initiator (4) via a fire pulse transmission line (8) is triggered in the control zones on the surface of the protected oil storage tank (17). The fire pulse transmission speed may reach, for example, 2000-4000 meters per second. The ignition temperature of the heat-sensitive element (7) may be, for example, 173 °C. After the fire pulse is transmitted to the thermochemical initiator (4), ignition of the thermochemical composition (4) occurs in at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3).During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), the gases emitted intensively (within 10-20 seconds) enter the surfactant compartment (14), which is an integral part of the GGE housing (3), containing the surfactant (15) and the surfactant ejection mechanism (15) when the pressure increases (not shown in the figure, can be made in the form of a rupture membrane made of an elastic material) and intensively squeeze the surfactant (15) into the device housing (vessel) (1), simultaneously intensively mixing the surfactant (15) with the liquid for suppression and fire extinguishing (2), increasing the pressure in the device housing (vessel) (1). It should be noted that surfactants (15) are understood to mean surface-active substances that create a fire-extinguishing emulsion or fire-extinguishing foam together with water, created, for example, on a synthetic, fluorosynthetic, protein and fluoroprotein basis. When the body of the device (vessel) (1) is filled with gases, the pressure in it rises, for example in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the required parameters.The pressure in the device body (vessel) (1) is regulated by a safety valve (10), pre-set to the required cut-off pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa. During the pressure build-up in the device body (vessel) (1), the liquid for suppression and fire extinguishing (2), mixed with a surfactant (15) acts as a fire extinguishing agent (FE) and begins to flow through the connection neck (9), for example, through the pressure line (16).

[0059] 13

[0060] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the lower part of the protected petroleum product storage tank (17). The fire suppression and extinguishing fluid (2), mixed with a surfactant (15), has a lower density than the petroleum products (18) in the petroleum product storage tank (17), which causes the mixture of fire suppression and extinguishing fluid (2) and surfactant (15) to rise, creating a protective film on the surface of the burning petroleum products. Due to the mixture of fire suppression and extinguishing fluid (2) and surfactant (15) spreading over the entire surface of the petroleum product (18), intensive suppression of the fire occurs.

[0061] The supply rate of liquid for suppression and fire extinguishing (2) mixed with surfactants (15), which perform the function of a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to a tank for storing petroleum products (17) through a pressure line (16) for extinguishing can be, for example, in the range from 0.1 m3 to 0.8 m3 per second.

[0062] In a situation where manual extinguishing of a tank for storing petroleum products (17) or equipment around the tank for storing petroleum products (Fig. 6) is required, after increasing the pressure in the body of the device (vessel) (1), it is possible to open the pressure regulator (11) to create a working pressure, for example, in the range from 0.4 MPa to 1.0 MPa in the fire nozzle (12) and the pressure hose of the fire nozzle (13), for example, 30 meters long, for delivering a mixture of liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2) and surfactant (15). The pressure regulator (11) serves to reduce the pressure created in the body of the device (vessel) (1), for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, to the maximum pressure value in the pressure hose of the fire nozzle (13) and the fire nozzle (12), for example, no more than 1.0 MPa.

[0063] Additionally, the device according to the third embodiment includes an electrical initiator. It should be noted that the electrical initiator is a bridge made of a thin, high-resistance metal wire attached to the contacts of the electrical initiator. The bridge is coated with a thermochemical lubricant that readily ignites when heated and produces a thermal pulse of sufficient intensity to initiate the primary thermochemical composition. When voltage is applied to the electrical initiator, the wire bridge instantly heats up and ignites the thermochemical lubricant.

[0064] In accordance with the fourth embodiment of the device, the following information is provided on the preferred embodiment of the device, which is not intended to limit the scope of the requested protection, determined by the features of the independent claim.

[0065] 14

[0066] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Fig. 5 shows a diagram and a variant of the arrangement of an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function, which makes it possible to solve the problem of prompt well killing, and in case of its fire - autonomous extinguishing without human presence, as well as prompt extinguishing of containers with oil-containing liquids or oil products, where 1 is the device body (vessel), 2 - liquid for killing and fire extinguishing, 3 - gas-generating element (GGE), 4 - thermochemical gas-generating charge, 5 - mechanical initiator of the GGE, 6 - thermochemical initiator, 7 - heat-sensitive element, 8 - line for transmitting a fire signal from the heat-sensitive element to the thermochemical initiator, 9 - connecting neck, 10 - safety valve, 11 - pressure regulator, 12 - fire nozzle, 13 - pressure hose of the fire nozzle, 14 - compartment for surfactants, 15 - surfactants, 16 - pressure line,17 - storage tank for petroleum products, 18 - petroleum products.,

[0067] In the event of a fluid blowout at the wellhead, operating personnel have the option of shutting off the wellbore preventer, but prompt wellbore kill remains necessary. This is especially important at remote wellheads where access for specialized equipment, particularly CA-320 cementing units and wellbore kill fluid tanks, is difficult or impossible. When deciding to promptly kill the well to prevent an emergency, personnel access the autonomous wellbore kill device with fire suppression and manually activate the mechanical wellbore kill trigger (5), for example, by pulling the safety pin (not shown in Fig. 3). After the safety pin is broken (not shown in Fig. 3), the mechanical initiator GGE (5) is launched, generating a fire pulse to initiate the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4) located inside at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3).During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), the gases released intensively (within 10-20 seconds) enter the surfactant compartment (14) and intensively squeeze the surfactant (15) into the device body (vessel) (1), simultaneously intensively mixing the surfactant (15) with the well killing and fire extinguishing liquid (2), increasing the pressure in the device body (vessel) (1). When the device body (vessel) (1) is filled with gases, the pressure in it increases, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the values ​​​​of the required backpressure to create the necessary force when killing the well. The pressure in the device body (vessel) (1) is regulated using the safety valve (10).

[0068] 15

[0069] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) pre-set to the required cut-off pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa. During the pressure build-up in the device body (vessel) (1), the well-killing and fire-extinguishing fluid (2), mixed with a surfactant (15), begins to flow through the connection neck (9), for example, along the manifold line (not shown in Fig. 3) into the preventer, creating back pressure on the fluid and filling the wellbore space with well-killing and fire-extinguishing fluid (2), mixed with a surfactant (15). The volume of well-killing and fire-extinguishing fluid supplied to the well can be, for example, in the range from 1.0 m3 to 20.0 m3.

[0070] If, during an accident, the BOP fails to close and the fluid ejected through the BOP from the well under pressure ignites, a pre-installed temperature-sensitive element (7) is triggered in the BOP installation area. The element is connected to the thermochemical initiator (4) via a fire pulse transmission line (8). The fire pulse transmission speed can reach, for example, 2000-4000 meters per second. After the fire pulse is transmitted to the thermochemical initiator (4), the thermochemical composition (4) ignites in at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3). During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), the gases released intensively (within 10-20 seconds) enter the compartment for the surfactant (14) and intensively squeeze the surfactant (15) into the device body (vessel) (1), while simultaneously intensively mixing the surfactant (15) with the liquid for suppressing and extinguishing the fire (2), raising the pressure in the device body (vessel) (1).When the device (vessel) (1) body is filled with gases, the pressure within it rises, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the required backpressure to create the necessary force for extinguishing the well. The pressure in the device (vessel) (1) body is regulated using a safety valve (10), preset to the required cutoff pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa. During the pressure build-up in the device body (vessel) (1), the liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2), mixed with a surfactant (15) performs the functions of a fire extinguishing agent (FE) and begins to flow through the connecting neck (9), for example, through the pressure line of the manifold (not shown in Fig. 4) into the preventer, creating a counterpressure on the fluid, interrupting the discharge of fluid through the open channel of the preventer (not shown in Fig. 3) and filling the internal volume of the preventer, which leads to guaranteed extinguishing of the well.The volume of liquid for killing, which acts as a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to the well for extinguishing can be, for example, in the range from 1.0 m3 to 20.0 m3. The intensity of liquid supply for.

[0071] 16

[0072] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) for suppression and fire extinguishing (2), which performs the function of a fire extinguishing agent (FE), supplied to the well for extinguishing can be, for example, in the range from 0.1 m3 to 0.5 m3 per second.

[0073] When connecting an autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function to the pressure line (16) of the oil product storage tank (17) (Fig. 4), it becomes possible to extinguish the oil product storage tank (1) in autonomous or manual mode, without the use of electrical signals and without human presence.

[0074] In the event of a fire occurring at an oil storage tank (17) during an accident, a pre-installed heat-sensitive element (7) connected to a thermochemical initiator (4) via a fire pulse transmission line (8) is triggered in the control zones on the surface of the protected oil storage tank (17). The fire pulse transmission speed may reach, for example, 2000-4000 meters per second. The ignition temperature of the heat-sensitive element (7) may be, for example, 173 °C. After the fire pulse is transmitted to the thermochemical initiator (4), ignition of the thermochemical composition (4) occurs in at least one gas-generating element (GGE) (3).During combustion of the thermochemical gas-generating composition (4), the gases released intensively (within 10-20 seconds) enter the surfactant compartment (14) and intensively squeeze the surfactant (15) into the device body (vessel) (1), simultaneously intensively mixing the surfactant (15) with the liquid for suppressing and extinguishing the fire (2), increasing the pressure in the device body (vessel) (1). When the device body (vessel) (1) is filled with gases, the pressure in it increases, for example, in the range from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa, depending on the required parameters. The pressure in the device body (vessel) (1) is regulated using the safety valve (10), pre-set to the required cut-off pressure in the range, for example, from 1.0 MPa to 20.0 MPa.When the pressure builds up in the device body (vessel) (1), the liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2), mixed with a surfactant (15) acts as a fire extinguishing agent (FE) and begins to flow through the connection neck (9), for example, along the pressure line (16) into the lower part of the protected tank for storing petroleum products (17). The liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2), mixed with a surfactant (15) has a lower density than the petroleum products (18) in the tank for storing petroleum products (17), which leads to the rise of the mixture of liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2) and surfactant (15), creating a protective film on the surface of the burning petroleum products. Due to the spreading over the entire

[0075] 17

[0076] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) surface of the oil product (18) mixture of liquid for killing and fire extinguishing (2) and surfactant (15) intensive suppression of the fire occurs.

[0077] The supply rate of liquid for suppression and fire extinguishing (2) mixed with surfactants (15), which perform the function of a fire extinguishing agent (FEA), supplied to a tank for storing petroleum products (17) through a pressure line (16) for extinguishing can be, for example, in the range from 0.1 m3 to 0.8 m3 per second.

[0078] Additionally, the device according to the fourth embodiment includes an electrical initiator. It should be noted that the electrical initiator is a bridge made of a thin, high-resistance metal wire attached to the contacts of the electrical initiator. The bridge is coated with a thermochemical lubricant that readily ignites when heated and produces a thermal pulse of sufficient intensity to initiate the primary thermochemical composition. When voltage is applied to the electrical initiator, the wire bridge instantly heats up and ignites the thermochemical lubricant.

[0079] 18

[0080] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

Invention formula 1. An autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function, characterized in that it comprises a housing (1) made in the form of a vessel with well killing and fire extinguishing liquid (2) placed therein and at least one gas-generating element (3) with a pyrotechnic gas-generating charge (4); a heat-sensitive element (7) connected via a fire signal transmission line (8) to an initiator, wherein the gas-generating element is designed with the possibility of creating excess pressure in the housing, sufficient to displace the well killing and fire extinguishing liquid through the connecting neck of the housing (9) into the space of the wellbore.

2. An autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it contains a safety valve (10).

3. An autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it contains a pressure regulator (11), a fire nozzle (12) and a fire nozzle pressure hose (13).

4. An autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-generating element (3) contains a compartment for surfactants (14), in which surfactants (15) are placed.

5. An autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the initiator is a thermochemical initiator.

6. An autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the initiator is an electric initiator.

7. An autonomous well killing device with a fire extinguishing function according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the initiator is a mechanical initiator (5). 19 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

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