Energy storage system and power supply device

Abstract

An energy storage system and a power supply device, which belong to the technical field of power supplies. The energy storage system comprises an insulation detection circuit (14), which switches and connects to a node close to a main positive line (V+) or close to a main negative line (V-) by means of a grounding terminal, such that among battery assemblies (11) connected in series, even when insulation failures occur in battery cells of the battery assemblies (11) (i.e., the battery assemblies at two ends) close to the main positive line (V+) or close to the main negative line (V-), changes in insulation parameters of the energy storage system can be accurately detected. In this way, insulation failures occurring in battery cells at all positions can be detected, thereby mitigating the problem of insufficient insulation monitoring precision due to a low reduction in insulation resistance caused when insulation failures occur in the battery cells of the battery assemblies (11) at the two ends. In addition, since the precision of insulation monitoring is improved, even if there is external interference, changes in the insulation resistance can still be identified.

Description

Energy storage systems and power supply units

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202422472944.0, filed on October 14, 2024, with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China, entitled "Energy Storage System and Power Supply Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application belongs to the field of power supply technology, and in particular relates to an energy storage system and a power supply device. Background Technology

[0003] The relevant energy storage system includes multiple battery packs (or enclosures) connected in series and / or parallel. Short-circuit protection methods include installing fuses at the positive or negative terminal of the energy storage system, or installing fuses inside each battery pack. These two methods can only reduce the possibility of serious safety failures such as battery combustion and explosion when a short circuit occurs between the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage system. However, when a double-point insulation failure occurs across enclosures (i.e., insulation failure occurs in two separate enclosures), the voltage difference is high, and the short-circuit current is extremely large, easily leading to serious safety problems such as high-voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion. To address this deficiency, current methods use equipotential bonding chains to fix the potential of each battery pack casing, solving the problem of battery short circuits caused by insulation failures in multiple battery packs when equipotentially connected.

[0004] After the voltage equalization chain is introduced, insulation testing uses a national standard method circuit. The insulation monitoring module (IMM) is connected to the positive, negative, and midpoints of the battery system's voltage equalization chain. The detection circuit is switched to calculate the insulation resistance between the positive and midpoints and between the negative and midpoints, aiming to detect insulation failures at all locations within the battery pack. However, in actual measurements, insulation failures in cells near the ends of the battery pack result in a smaller drop in insulation resistance. The insulation monitoring module, lacking sufficient detection accuracy, struggles to detect this reduction, potentially posing a safety hazard. Furthermore, the insulation monitoring module, with insufficient detection accuracy, may also fail to detect changes in insulation resistance under external interference.

[0005] Application content

[0006] In view of the above problems, this application provides an energy storage system and a power supply device, which aims to solve the problem that the insulation monitoring accuracy of the relevant energy storage system is insufficient and that changes in insulation resistance may not be detected when there is external interference.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, including a main positive line, a main negative line, and a battery module connected between the main positive line and the main negative line. The energy storage system is configured to output electrical energy from the battery module through the main positive line and the main negative line, and / or, the energy storage system is configured to input electrical energy to the battery module through the main positive line and the main negative line; the battery module includes multiple battery components connected in series; the energy storage system further includes:

[0008] Multiple support components are provided, and each battery module is supported by a corresponding support component. Each battery module is insulated from each support component. A first protection component is provided between the support components to form a series connection. The first protection component in series connection forms K nodes. The K nodes include K-2 series nodes and a first end node and a second end node located at both ends of the K-2 series nodes, respectively, where K is a positive integer and K≥3.

[0009] The insulation detection circuit has its first terminal connected to the main positive line and its second terminal connected to the main negative line. The ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit is used to connect to any node. The insulation detection circuit is configured to detect the insulation parameters of the energy storage system.

[0010] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, since the battery assembly and the support are insulated, and the protection component is connected in series between two adjacent support components, in the event of insulation failure of one or more support components, the two support components with insulation failure are protected by one or more protection components, avoiding short circuit between the two support components with insulation failure, and reducing the possibility of high-voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion. In addition, the insulation detection circuit can switch to connect the node closer to the main positive line or the node closer to the main negative line. Therefore, even if the cell insulation of the battery assembly (i.e., the battery assembly at both ends) closes to the main positive line or the main negative line fails, the change in the insulation parameters of the energy storage system can be accurately detected. Thus, insulation failure of cells at all locations can be detected, improving the problem of low insulation resistance drop caused by insulation failure of cells in the battery assembly at both ends, which leads to insufficient insulation monitoring accuracy. Furthermore, due to the improved insulation monitoring accuracy, even when there is external interference, the change in insulation resistance can be identified.

[0011] In some embodiments, the K nodes include K-2 series nodes and a first end node and a second end node located at both ends of the K-2 series nodes respectively. The grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit is used to selectively connect to at least one of the K-2 series nodes: the first node closest to the main positive line, the second node closest to the main negative line, and the third node located in the middle of the conductive path.

[0012] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the insulation detection circuit can switch to connect the first node or the second node that is close to the main positive line or the main negative line. Therefore, even if the cell insulation of the battery module (i.e. the battery modules at both ends) close to the main positive line or the main negative line fails, the change in the insulation parameters of the energy storage system can be accurately detected. In this way, insulation failure of cells at all locations can be detected, which improves the problem of low insulation resistance drop caused by insulation failure of cells at both ends of the battery module, resulting in insufficient insulation monitoring accuracy. Furthermore, due to the improved insulation monitoring accuracy, even when there is external interference, the change in insulation resistance can be identified.

[0013] In some embodiments, the insulation detection circuit includes a switching assembly, a first terminal and i second terminals, the first terminal being connected to a ground terminal, and the i second terminals being selectively connected to the first terminal. The i second terminals include a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal, and the first terminal, the second terminal, and the third terminal are respectively connected to a first node, a second node, and a third node, wherein 3≤i≤K.

[0014] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the connection position of the insulation detection circuit and the conductive path is switched by a switching component. When the cell insulation of any battery component fails, the change of insulation parameters of the energy storage system can be accurately detected, thereby improving the accuracy of insulation monitoring.

[0015] In some embodiments, the switching assembly includes i switching devices, the first ends of the i switching devices are connected together to form the first end of the switching assembly, and the second ends of the i switching devices respectively form i second ends.

[0016] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a method is provided for implementing a switching component using multiple switching devices, wherein the switching devices are, for example, electronic switches such as semiconductor transistors and relays.

[0017] In some embodiments, the switch assembly further includes a moving contact, one end of which is connected to a first end of the switch assembly, and the other end of which is used to selectively connect to one of the i second ends.

[0018] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a switching component is provided using an electronic switch with multiple functions of single-pole multi-throw.

[0019] In some embodiments, the i second ends further include at least one fourth terminal, which is connected to a fourth node, and the fourth node is the node between the first node and the third node in the K-2 serial nodes.

[0020] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the switch assembly is further provided with a fourth terminal that is connected to the fourth node between the first node and the third node in the K nodes. When the number of battery assemblies connected in series is large, the accuracy of insulation monitoring can be further improved.

[0021] In some embodiments, the i second ends further include at least one fifth terminal, which is connected to a fifth node, and the fifth node is the node between the second node and the third node in K-2 serial nodes.

[0022] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the switch assembly is further provided with a fifth terminal that is connected to the fifth node between the second and third nodes in the K nodes. When the number of battery assemblies connected in series is large, the accuracy of insulation monitoring can be further improved.

[0023] In some embodiments, the insulation detection circuit further includes a first detection switch, a second detection switch, a first reference resistor, and a second reference resistor;

[0024] The first reference resistor and the first detection switch are connected in series between the first terminal of the insulation detection circuit and the ground terminal.

[0025] The second reference resistor and the second detection switch are connected in series between the second terminal of the insulation detection circuit and the ground terminal.

[0026] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a detection topology for the insulation parameters of an energy storage system is provided. A detection switch is used to control the connection of a reference resistor to the energy storage system, and the insulation parameters of the energy storage system are calculated by detecting the relevant electrical parameters on the reference resistor.

[0027] In some embodiments, the insulation detection circuit further includes a third reference resistor, a fourth reference resistor, a fifth reference resistor, and a sixth reference resistor;

[0028] The third and fourth reference resistors are connected in series between the first terminal and the ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit.

[0029] The fifth and sixth reference resistors are connected in series between the second terminal of the insulation detection circuit and the ground terminal.

[0030] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, another topology for detecting the insulation parameters of an energy storage system is provided. A detection switch is used to control the connection of a reference resistor to the energy storage system, and the insulation parameters of the energy storage system are calculated by detecting the relevant electrical parameters on the reference resistor.

[0031] In some embodiments, the number of first protection components is ≤K, and at most one first protection component is connected in series between any two adjacent nodes in the K nodes.

[0032] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first protection component can be set every 0 to multiple support members for current limiting, which improves the flexibility of the configuration of the first current limiting protection component.

[0033] In some embodiments, K nodes form K-1 sub-paths, and a target sub-path is set every m sub-paths. The target sub-paths are connected in series with a first protection component, where m is a natural number.

[0034] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first protection component can be set every 0 to multiple sub-paths, which improves the flexibility of the configuration of the first protection component.

[0035] In some embodiments, it includes K-1 first protection components, K-1 sub-paths formed by K nodes, and K-1 first protection components connected in series on the K-1 sub-paths.

[0036] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first protection component is provided between each adjacent support member. In the event of insulation failure of any support member / cell, there is a first protection component for short circuit protection, which further reduces the possibility of high voltage sparking and battery combustion and explosion.

[0037] In some embodiments, the first node is the first or second serial node among K-2 serial nodes, and the second node is the K-2 or K-3 serial node among K-2 serial nodes.

[0038] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the insulation of the battery cell near the main positive line or near the main negative line fails, the insulation detection circuit can detect the specific connection position of the change in insulation parameters.

[0039] In some embodiments, the system includes M battery components and N support members, with K of the N support members connected to K nodes via K branches, where M ≥ N ≥ K.

[0040] In some embodiments, the energy storage system further includes two second protection components; the positive terminal of the first battery component is connected to the main positive line, and the negative terminal of the Mth battery component is connected to the Nth support member;

[0041] The first branch of the K branches is connected to one of the two second protection components between the first terminal node and the main positive line, and the Kth branch of the K branches is connected to the other of the two second protection components between the second terminal node and the main negative line.

[0042] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a second protection component is connected in series between the first support member and the main positive line and between the Kth support member and the main negative line. In the event of insulation failure of the first support member and / or the Kth support member, a second protection component is provided to suppress the short circuit current, thereby further reducing the possibility of high voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first node and the second node are two end nodes.

[0044] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the insulation of the battery cell near the main positive line or near the main negative line fails, the insulation detection circuit can detect the specific connection position of the change in insulation parameters.

[0045] In some embodiments, the resistance value of each first protection component is a first preset resistance value, the resistance values ​​of the two second protection components are equal and greater than or equal to the first preset resistance value, or the resistance value of the second protection component is half of the first preset resistance value.

[0046] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the pressure difference between each adjacent support member is equal. In the event of insulation failure in one or more support members, the stability of the current limiting function of one or more first protection components is improved, further reducing the possibility of high-voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion. Setting the resistance of the second protection component to half of the first preset resistance value is beneficial for the equalization of voltage between each adjacent support member; while setting the resistance of the second protection component to be greater than or equal to the first preset resistance value is beneficial for insulation detection, enabling insulation failures to be detected more sensitively.

[0047] In some embodiments, the resistance of the second protection component is more than 1.5 times the first preset resistance.

[0048] The technical solution of this application provides the relationship between the resistance values ​​of some second protection components and the resistance values ​​of the first protection component, which is beneficial for insulation detection and makes insulation failures more sensitive to be detected.

[0049] In some embodiments, a third protection component is also included, wherein at least one of the K branches is connected in series with the third protection component.

[0050] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the third protection component is set on K branches. In the event of insulation failure of more than one support member, it is used for short circuit protection, which reduces the possibility of high voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion, while making the wiring more flexible.

[0051] In some embodiments, the system further includes a first voltage equalization component and a second voltage equalization component, which are connected in series between the main positive line and the main negative line, and the series connection node of the first voltage equalization component and the second voltage equalization component is connected to the power platform.

[0052] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a topology of an energy storage system is provided, in which two voltage equalization components are used to set a reference potential.

[0053] The energy storage system also includes a first support device, which is used to support the various support components;

[0054] The main negative line and the first supporting equipment are connected to the power platform; or

[0055] The main power line and the first support equipment are connected to the power platform; or

[0056] Any one of the support components is connected to the electric platform along with the first support device.

[0057] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the main negative line and the first support device are connected to the same electrical platform; or because the main positive line and the first support device are connected to the same electrical platform; or any support member is connected to the same electrical platform as the first support device; the potential of each support member can be fixed, the potential is no longer floating, and the possibility of the electrical stress acting on the insulation under certain transient conditions exceeding its safety limit is reduced, that is, the risk of insulation failure is reduced.

[0058] In some embodiments, when K is even, the K / 2 and / or K / 2+1th node is the third node; when K is odd, the (K+1) / 2th node is the third node.

[0059] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a power supply device, which includes the energy storage system described above.

[0060] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0063] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0064] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0065] Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0066] Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0067] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0068] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0069] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0070] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0071] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0072] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0077] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0078] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0079] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0080] With the widespread application of energy storage systems in power transmission and distribution networks, solving the power supply problem for equipment has become a current social issue. The DC unit of an energy storage system is usually located in an electrical cabinet. The DC unit has multiple battery packs (or electrical boxes), which are connected in series and parallel to output to the power conversion system (PCS).

[0081] Generally, the outer casing of each battery pack is either equipotentially connected to the electrical cabinet or in a floating or quasi-floating state. Equipotential connection means all battery pack casings within the cabinet are connected together. The problem is that if the insulation of more than one battery pack in the cabinet fails, it will immediately lead to insulation failure and a short circuit, resulting in low reliability and a high risk of thermal runaway. On the other hand, a battery pack in a floating or quasi-floating state presents the problem that the potential of the floating casing is uncertain, which may cause electrical stress on the insulation to exceed its safety limits under certain transient conditions, increasing the risk of insulation failure.

[0082] To address the issue of reducing short-circuit current in the event of insulation failure in multiple battery packs, an equalizing chain is installed between the battery packs. This chain includes protective components that suppress current flow between the multiple battery packs in the event of insulation failure, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage system. Furthermore, the equalizing chain ensures a stable potential for all battery pack casings, resolving the issue of fluctuating casing potentials. Additionally, an insulation detection circuit can be incorporated into the energy storage system to monitor its insulation parameters, reducing the likelihood of prolonged operation with insulation failures in the battery modules.

[0083] After introducing the equalizing chain, insulation detection uses a national standard method detection circuit. The detection circuit is connected to the total positive, total negative, and midpoint of the equalizing chain of the battery system. Switching the detection circuit's switch calculates the insulation resistance between the total positive and midpoints, and between the total negative and midpoints, aiming to detect insulation failures occurring at all locations in the battery pack. However, in actual measurements, in series-connected battery packs, the insulation resistance drop caused by insulation failure of cells near both ends is relatively small. Insulation monitoring boards with insufficient detection accuracy are unable to detect this insulation resistance drop, potentially leading to safety hazards. Furthermore, insulation monitoring boards with insufficient detection accuracy may also fail to detect changes in insulation resistance under external interference. To address this, the inventive concept of this application involves adding several connection points between the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit and the equalizing chain, respectively connected to the midpoint and the supports at both ends of the equalizing chain. By switching these connection points, the detection range can be changed, ensuring that insulation failures at all cell locations can be detected. In this case, the grounding point of the insulation detection board is not connected to a power platform, thus being largely unaffected by platform potential fluctuations.

[0084] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG1, FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail below:

[0085] The energy storage system includes a main positive line V+, a main negative line V-, and a battery module connected between the main positive line V+ and the main negative line V-. The energy storage system is configured to output electrical energy from the battery module through the main positive line V+ and the main negative line V-, and / or, the energy storage system is configured to input electrical energy to the battery module through the main positive line V+ and the main negative line V-. The battery module includes multiple battery components 11 connected in series. The energy storage system also includes multiple support members 12, a first protection component 131, and an insulation detection circuit 14.

[0086] Each battery component 11 is supported by each support member 12 in a corresponding manner. Each battery component 11 is insulated from each support member 12. A first protection component 131 is arranged between the support members 12 to form a series connection. The first protection component 131 connected in series forms K nodes X1 to Xk, where K is a positive integer and K≥3.

[0087] The first terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 is connected to the main positive line V+, the second terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 is connected to the main negative line V-, and the ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 is used to connect to any of the K nodes X1 to Xk. The insulation detection circuit 14 is configured to detect the insulation parameters of the energy storage system.

[0088] Understandably, the positive line V+ and the negative line V- are used for inputting or outputting power. Battery assembly 11 includes one or more cells connected in parallel and / or series. Support member 12 includes a housing (also referred to as an electrical box) or a cold plate, both of which can be made of metal. It is worth noting that this cold plate is a battery cold plate, a thin sheet located below battery assembly 11, whose main function is to conduct heat away from the battery, maintaining a stable battery temperature and thus improving battery efficiency. Each support member 12 can support one or more battery assemblies 11.

[0089] Each first protection component 131 is connected to two support members 12 spaced apart (by zero or more support members 12), and multiple first protection components 131 are connected in series to form a conductive path 13. The lines or terminals connecting the first protection component 131 to the support member 12 or adjacent first protection components 131 can serve as nodes X1 to Xk, or the connected support member 12 can also serve as nodes X1 to Xk. For example, K-1 first protection components 131 connected in series on the conductive path 13 will form K nodes X1 to Xk.

[0090] For example, the support member 12 is connected to the corresponding nodes X1 to Xk via branches. Alternatively, the branches can also serve as nodes X1 to Xk, and the branches can be formed by conductive lines or include conductive lines and other conductive elements.

[0091] The insulation parameters of the energy storage system include, for example, the insulation resistance between the main positive line V+ and the main negative line V-, the insulation resistance between the main positive line V+ and the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14, and the insulation resistance between the main negative line V- and the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14.

[0092] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, since the battery assembly 11 is insulated from the support member 12, the first protection component 131 is connected in series between two adjacent support members 12. Thus, in the event of insulation failure of one or more support members 12, the two support members 12 with insulation failure are protected by one or more first protection components 131, which avoids short circuit between the two support members 12 with insulation failure and reduces the possibility of high voltage sparking and battery combustion and explosion.

[0093] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the insulation detection circuit 14 can switch to connect nodes Xa and Xb that are close to the main positive line V+ or the main negative line V-. Then, even if the cell insulation of the battery module 11 (i.e. the battery modules at both ends) close to the main positive line V+ or the main negative line V- fails, the change in the insulation parameters of the energy storage system can be accurately detected. In this way, insulation failure of cells at all locations can be detected, which improves the problem of low insulation resistance reduction caused by insulation failure of cells in the battery modules 11 at both ends, resulting in insufficient insulation monitoring accuracy. Furthermore, due to the improved insulation monitoring accuracy, even when there is external interference, the change in insulation resistance can be identified.

[0094] In some embodiments, the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 can be connected to either node Xa or Xb, which is close to the main positive line V+ or the main negative line V-. Alternatively, it can be connected to other nodes among the K nodes X1 to Xk, depending on actual needs, to flexibly improve the insulation monitoring accuracy.

[0095] In some embodiments, the K nodes X1 to Xk include K-2 series nodes and a first end node X1 and a second end node Xk located at both ends of the K-2 series nodes respectively. The ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 is used to selectively connect to at least one of the K-2 series nodes: the first node Xa near the main positive line V+, the second node Xb near the main negative line V-, and the third node Xc located in the middle of the first protection component 131 connected in series, i.e., the conductive path 13.

[0096] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the insulation detection circuit 14 can switch to connect the first node Xa and the second node Xb that are close to the main positive line V+ or the main negative line V-. Then, even if the cell insulation of the battery module 11 (i.e. the battery modules at both ends) close to the main positive line V+ or the main negative line V- fails, the change in the insulation parameters of the energy storage system can be accurately detected. In this way, insulation failure of cells at all locations can be detected, which improves the problem of low insulation resistance reduction caused by insulation failure of cells in the battery modules 11 at both ends, resulting in insufficient insulation monitoring accuracy. Furthermore, due to the improved insulation monitoring accuracy, even when there is external interference, the change in insulation resistance can be identified.

[0097] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG2, FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail below:

[0098] The insulation detection circuit 14 includes a switching assembly 140, which includes a first terminal 141 and i second terminals 142. The first terminal 141 is connected to the ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14. The i second terminals 142 are selectively connected to the first terminal 141. The i second terminals 142 include a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first terminal, the second terminal, and the third terminal are respectively connected to the first node Xa, the second node Xb, and the third node Xc, where 3≤i≤K.

[0099] The switching assembly 140 includes multiple relays or integrated electronic switches, which can be mounted on the circuit board (or IMM board) of the insulation detection circuit 14, or located outside the IMM board but inside the main control box. For example, the Slave Battery Management Unit (SBMU) sends a signal to control the connection state between the second terminal 142 and the first terminal 141; or, a drive signal source built into the insulation detection circuit 14 controls the connection state between the second terminal 142 and the first terminal 141.

[0100] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the connection between the insulation detection circuit 14 and the node on the conductive path 13 is switched by a switching component. When the cell insulation of any battery component 11 fails, the change in the insulation parameters of the energy storage system can be accurately detected, thereby improving the accuracy of insulation monitoring.

[0101] According to some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to FIG2. The switch assembly 140 further includes a moving contact 143. One end of the moving contact 143 is connected to a first end of the switch assembly 140, and the other end of the moving contact 143 is used to selectively connect to one of the i second ends 142. In this embodiment, the switch assembly 140 may be an integrated electronic switch with multiple functions such as single-pole multi-throw, for example, a multi-position rotary switch.

[0102] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG3, FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail below:

[0103] In some embodiments, the switching assembly 140 includes i switching devices S1 to S3, the first ends of the i switching devices S1 to S3 are connected together to form a first end 141 of the switching assembly 140, and the second ends of the i switching devices S1 to S3 respectively form i second ends 142. The switching devices S1 to S3 are, for example, electronic switches such as semiconductor transistors and relays.

[0104] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a switching assembly 140 is provided that adopts a multiple switching devices S1 to S3, which is low in cost and has a simple and reliable structure.

[0105] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG4, FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail below:

[0106] In some embodiments, in order to improve the detection range and detection accuracy, each second terminal 142 further includes at least one fourth terminal, which is connected to a fourth node Xd, and the fourth node Xd is a node between the first node Xa and the third node Xc among the K nodes X1 to Xk.

[0107] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the switch assembly 140 is further provided with a fourth terminal that is connected to the fourth node Xd between the first node Xa and the third node Xc in the K nodes X1 to Xk. When the number of battery assemblies 11 connected in series is large, the accuracy of insulation monitoring can be further improved.

[0108] According to some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to FIG4. In some embodiments, in order to improve the detection range and detection accuracy, each second end 142 further includes at least one fifth terminal, which is connected to a fifth node Xe. The fifth node Xe is a node between the second node Xb and the third node Xc among the K nodes X1 to Xk.

[0109] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the switch assembly 140 is further provided with a fifth terminal that is connected to the fifth node Xe between the second node Xb and the third node Xc in the K nodes X1 to Xk. When the number of battery assemblies 11 connected in series is large, the accuracy of insulation monitoring can be further improved.

[0110] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG5, FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail below:

[0111] The insulation detection circuit 14 includes a first detection switch K1, a second detection switch K2, a first reference resistor Rm1, and a second reference resistor Rm2;

[0112] The first reference resistor Rm1 and the first detection switch K1 are connected in series between the first terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 (i.e. connected to the main positive line V+) and the ground terminal;

[0113] The second reference resistor Rm2 and the second detection switch K2 are connected in series between the second terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 (i.e., connected to the main negative line V-) and the ground terminal.

[0114] For example, the first detection switch K1 and the second detection switch K2 are, for example, semiconductor transistors, relays, contactors or circuit breakers.

[0115] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a detection topology for the insulation parameters of an energy storage system is provided. A detection switch is used to control the connection of a reference resistor to the energy storage system, and the insulation parameters of the energy storage system are calculated by detecting the relevant electrical parameters on the reference resistor.

[0116] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG6, FIG6 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail below:

[0117] The insulation detection circuit also includes a third reference resistor Rm3, a fourth reference resistor Rm4, a fifth reference resistor Rm5, and a sixth reference resistor Rm6;

[0118] The third reference resistor Rm3 and the fourth reference resistor Rm4 are connected in series between the first terminal and the ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14.

[0119] The fifth reference resistor Rm5 and the sixth reference resistor Rm6 are connected in series between the second terminal of the insulation detection circuit and the ground terminal.

[0120] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, another topology for detecting the insulation parameters of an energy storage system is provided. A detection switch is used to control the connection of a reference resistor to the energy storage system, and the insulation parameters of the energy storage system are calculated by detecting the relevant electrical parameters on the reference resistor.

[0121] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 5 and 6, the insulation monitoring process involves sampling the voltage value twice under different detection switch states of the insulation detection circuit 14, and then using the sampled voltage and reference resistance to establish an equation to solve for the insulation resistance. The grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 is connected to any node from the first node Xa to the fifth node Xe. It is assumed that an equivalent first insulation resistance Rx is formed between the total positive line V+ and the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14, and an equivalent second insulation resistance Riy is formed between the total negative line V- and the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14.

[0122] Example 1, please refer to Figure 5. With the first detection switch K1 and the second detection switch K2 open, detect the voltage V1 between the positive line V+ and the ground terminal, and the voltage V2 between the negative line V- and the ground terminal. Close the first detection switch K1 (in other examples, the second detection switch K2 can be closed), detect the voltage V1' between the positive line V+ and the ground terminal, and the voltage V2' between the negative line V- and the ground terminal. Derive the resistance values ​​of the two insulation resistors:

[0123] Example 2, please refer to Figure 5. With the first detection switch K1 closed and the second detection switch K2 open, the voltage V1 across the fourth reference resistor Rm4 and the voltage V2 across the fifth reference resistor Rm5 are detected. Based on the principle of equal loop current, the following is obtained:

[0124] With the first detection switch K1 open and the second detection switch K2 closed, the voltage V1' across the fourth reference resistor Rm4 and the voltage V2' across the fifth reference resistor Rm5 are detected. Based on the principle of equal loop current, the following is obtained:

[0125] The resistance values ​​of the two insulation resistors are derived from formulas (3) and (4).

[0126] The above insulation monitoring process and the calculation of the two insulation resistances are only examples. During the implementation of the scheme, the specific methods of insulation monitoring and insulation resistance calculation are not limited to these.

[0127] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 1 to 6. The number of first protection components 131 is ≤ K-1. At most one first protection component 131 is connected in series between any two adjacent nodes among the K nodes X1 to Xk.

[0128] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first protection component 131 can be provided every zero to multiple support members 12. The first protection component 131 may include a current limiting component and / or an overcurrent protection component. This improves the flexibility of the configuration of the first protection component 131.

[0129] It is understood that the number of first protection components 131 can be arbitrary and can be connected in series with any two nodes X. When there are two support members 12, the number of first protection components 131 is one; when there are three or more support members 12, the number of first protection components 131 can be one or more.

[0130] In some embodiments, K nodes X1 to Xk form K-1 sub-paths, and a target sub-path is set every m sub-paths. The target sub-paths are connected in series with a first protection component 131, where m is a natural number.

[0131] Understandably, at this time, the first protection component 131 is evenly distributed among the multiple support members 12. Due to the protective effect of one or more first protection components 131, the short circuit current is reduced. The evenly distributed first protection components 131 further reduce the possibility of high voltage sparking and battery combustion and explosion.

[0132] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first protection component 131 can be set every 0 to multiple sub-paths, which improves the flexibility of the configuration of the first protection component.

[0133] In some embodiments, the K-1 sub-paths formed by K nodes X1 to Xk, the first protection component includes K-1 first protection components, and the K-1 first protection components are connected in series on the K-1 sub-paths respectively.

[0134] The first protection component 131 is connected in series between K nodes X1 to Xk. In the event of insulation failure of more than one battery component 11, the first protection component 131 can suppress the short circuit current, reducing the possibility of high voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion. At the same time, the number of connecting wires is small, reducing the workload of installation.

[0135] Based on the insulation between the battery assembly 11 and the support member 12, in the event of insulation failure of more than one battery assembly 11, that is, insulation failure of more than one support member 12, the first protection component 131 on the conductive path 13 can bear the short-circuit current of the insulation failure, thereby playing a short-circuit protection role and reducing the possibility of high-voltage sparking and battery combustion and explosion.

[0136] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first protection component 131 is provided between each adjacent support member 12. In the event of insulation failure of any support member 12 / cell, a first protection component 131 is provided for short circuit protection, which further reduces the possibility of high voltage sparking and battery combustion and explosion.

[0137] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG7, FIG7 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail below:

[0138] The first node Xa is the second or third node among the K nodes X1 to Xk, and the second node Xb' is the (K-1)th or (K-2)th node among the K nodes X1 to Xk.

[0139] For example, the first node Xa is the second of K nodes X1 to Xk, and the second node Xb is the (K-1)th of K nodes X1 to Xk. The battery module contains nine battery components 11, designated pack1 to pack9. The detection range can be changed by switching the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 with the midpoint of the conductive path 13 (or equalizing chain) (i.e., the third node Xc), the pack1 housing (i.e., the first node Xa), and the pack9 housing (i.e., the second node Xb). For example, if the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 is only connected to the third node Xc, the detection range of the insulation detection circuit 14 is pack3-7; if the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 is only connected to the first node Xa, the detection range of the insulation detection circuit 14 is pack1-3; and if the grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14 is only connected to the second node Xb, the detection range of the insulation detection circuit 14 is pack7-9.

[0140] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the insulation of the battery cell 11 near the main positive line V+ or near the main negative line V- fails, the insulation detection circuit can detect the specific connection position of the change in insulation parameters.

[0141] In some embodiments, the system includes M battery components 11 and N support members 12. K of the N support members 12 are connected to K nodes X1 to Xk via K branches, where M ≥ N ≥ K.

[0142] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to Figures 8 and 9, Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application; for ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, and are described in detail below:

[0143] The energy storage system also includes two second protection components 132; the positive terminal of the first battery component 11 is connected to the main positive line V+, and the negative terminal of the Mth battery component 11 is connected to the main negative line V-.

[0144] The first branch of the K branches is connected between the first terminal node X1 and the main positive line V+, connecting one of the two second protection components 132; and the Kth branch of the K branches is connected between the second terminal node Xk and the main negative line V-, connecting the other of the two second protection components 132; the second protection component 132 is used to affect the current in the conductive path.

[0145] For example, in the battery module, the first battery component 11 and the Mth battery component 11 in the series M battery components 11 refer to the first and the Mth battery components 11 in the series sequence, respectively, and the first battery component 11 is supported by the first support member 12, and the Mth battery component 11 is supported by the Nth support member 12.

[0146] For example, the second protection component 132 may include a current limiting component and / or an overcurrent component. A plurality of first sub-protection components and two second protection components 132 form an equalizing chain to equalize the voltage between each pair of adjacent supports 12.

[0147] For example, when K=N, the first support member 12 and the Nth support member 12 are respectively connected to the first end node X1 and the second end node Xk on the conductive path 13, that is, the first support member 12 is at the same potential as the first end node X1, and the Nth support member 12 is at the same potential as the second end node Xk. Then, the first end node X1 and the second end node Xk are respectively connected to the total positive line V+ and the total negative line V- through two second protection components 132 in at least two ways. For example, in the example of Figure 8, the first end node X1 and the second end node Xk are directly connected to the total positive line V+ and the total negative line V- through two second protection components 132, and the first support member 12 and the Nth support member 12 are then electrically connected to the total positive line V+ and the total negative line V-, respectively. In the example of Figure 9, two second protection components 132 are respectively set on the first support 12 and the Nth support 12, and the first support 12 and the Nth support 12 are respectively connected to the total positive line V+ and the total negative line V-.

[0148] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a second protection component 132 is connected in series between the first support member 12 and the main positive line V+ and between the Nth support member 12 and the main negative line V-. In the event of insulation failure of the first support member 12 and / or the Nth support member 12, a second protection component 132 is provided to suppress the short circuit current, further reducing the possibility of high voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion.

[0149] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a second protection component 132 is connected in series between the first support member 12 and the main positive line V+ and between the Nth support member 12 and the main negative line V-. In the event of insulation failure of the first support member 12 and / or the Nth support member 12, a second protection component 132 is provided to suppress the short circuit current, further reducing the possibility of high voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion.

[0150] According to some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figures 8 and 9, where the first node Xa and the second node Xb are the first end node X1 and the second end node Xk, respectively.

[0151] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the cell insulation of the battery assembly 11 near the main positive line V+ or near the main negative line V- fails, the insulation detection circuit can detect the specific connection position of the change in insulation parameters.

[0152] In some embodiments, the resistance value of each first protection component 131 is a first preset resistance value, the resistance values ​​of the two second protection components 132 are equal and greater than or equal to the first preset resistance value, or the resistance value of the second protection component 132 is half of the first preset resistance value.

[0153] The first protection component 131 has equal resistance, and the second protection component 132 has half the resistance of the first preset resistance, which realizes the pressure difference balance between each adjacent support component 12, and the electrical stress of the battery pack insulation is small during normal operation.

[0154] In some embodiments, when m is 0, the resistance value of each first protection component 131 is a first preset resistance value R; when m is greater than 0, the resistance value of each first protection component 131 is a first configured resistance value mR.

[0155] For example, when m is 0, the resistance of the second protection component 132 is 1.5 times, 2 times, 2.5 times or 3 times the first preset resistance.

[0156] The voltage difference between each adjacent support member 12 is Vbus / N. When the resistance values ​​of the two second protection components 132 are both twice the first preset resistance value, the voltage difference between the first support member 12 and the main positive line V+ is 2Vbus / N; the voltage difference between the Nth support member 12 and the main negative line V- is 2Vbus / N; where Vbus is the voltage difference between the main negative line V- and the main positive line V+.

[0157] Setting the resistance of the second protection component 132 to be greater than that of the first protection component 131, compared to setting the resistance of the second protection component 132 to be less than or equal to that of the first protection component 131, can improve the sensitivity of insulation failure detection, and insulation failure can be more easily detected.

[0158] When m is greater than 0, the voltage drop across each of the first protection components 131 is m*Vbus / N. The equal voltage drop across each of the first protection components 131 further improves the stability of the current-limiting effect of the equalizing chain, and further reduces the possibility of high-voltage arcing and battery combustion / explosion.

[0159] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the pressure difference between each adjacent support member is equal. In the event of insulation failure in one or more support members 12, the stability of the current limiting function of one or more first protection components 131 is improved, further reducing the possibility of high-voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion. Setting the resistance value of the second protection component 132 to be greater than or equal to the first preset resistance value is beneficial for insulation detection, making insulation failures more sensitive to be detected.

[0160] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the relationship between the resistance value of the second protection component 132 and the resistance value of the first protection component 131 is provided, which is beneficial for insulation detection and makes insulation failure more sensitive to be detected.

[0161] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG10, FIG10 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are described in detail below:

[0162] The energy storage system also includes a third protection component 133, which is connected in series in at least one of the K branches.

[0163] The third protection component 133 may include a current limiting component and / or an overcurrent component. It is understood that, in the example of Figure 10, the K branch conductive paths 13 form K nodes X1 to Xk, and any number of first protection components 131 can be set between any node X, as detailed in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0164] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the third protection component 133 is set on K branches. In the event of insulation failure of more than one electrical box (support member 12), it is used for short circuit protection, which reduces the possibility of high voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion, while making the wiring more flexible.

[0165] In some embodiments, the third protection component 133 includes at least one third sub-protection component, which is connected in series with any at least one branch. It is understood that there can be any number of third sub-protection components, and they can be connected in series with any branch.

[0166] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the number of third sub-protection components can be reduced, thus saving costs.

[0167] In some embodiments, the third protection component 133 includes K third sub-protection components, which are connected in series on the K branches.

[0168] It is understandable that a third sub-protection assembly is provided between each adjacent support member 12, so that if any support member 12 fails to maintain its insulation, there are two third sub-protection assemblies to provide overcurrent protection against short-circuit current.

[0169] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a third sub-protection component is provided between each adjacent support member 12. In the event of insulation failure of any support member 12, at least two overcurrent third protection components 133 provide short-circuit protection, further reducing the possibility of high-voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion.

[0170] In some embodiments, the energy storage system further includes capacitive components (not shown). One or more of the first protection components 131, the second protection component 132, and the third protection component 133 are connected in parallel with capacitive components in a one-to-one correspondence. The capacitive components are, for example, capacitors.

[0171] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, under the circumstances of lightning strikes, surges, etc., each capacitive component suppresses the voltage spikes on each protection component, thereby reducing the possibility of protection component breakdown and improving the reliability of the energy storage system.

[0172] According to some embodiments of this application, referring to FIG11, FIG11 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, and the details are as follows:

[0173] The energy storage system also includes a first voltage equalization component R11 and a second voltage equalization component R12. The first voltage equalization component R11 and the second voltage equalization component R12 are connected in series between the main positive line and the main negative line. The series connection node of the first voltage equalization component R11 and the second voltage equalization component R12 is connected to the power platform.

[0174] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a topology of an energy storage system is provided, in which two voltage equalization components are used to set a reference potential.

[0175] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 12, which shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, and the details are as follows:

[0176] The energy storage system also includes a first support device 20, which is used to support N support components;

[0177] The main negative line V- is connected to the power platform 30 along with the first support equipment 20; or

[0178] The main positive line V+ and the first supporting equipment 20 are both connected to the power platform 30; or

[0179] Any one of the support components 12 is connected to the electric platform 30 along with the first support device 20.

[0180] The first support device 20 is, for example, an electrical cabinet that houses the various electrical boxes; or, the first support device 20 is, for example, a frame that secures the support member 12.

[0181] Any node of the equalizing chain can be connected to the electrical platform 30. The voltage of the total negative line V- and the voltage of the total positive line V+ change with the node connected to the electrical platform 30, thereby adapting to various application scenarios and enriching the product's functionality.

[0182] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the total negative line V- and the first support device 20 are connected to the electrical platform 30; or the total positive line V+ and the first support device 20 are connected to the electrical platform 30; or any support member is connected to the electrical platform 30 with the first support device 20; the potential of each support member can be fixed, the potential is no longer floating, and the possibility of the electrical stress acting on the insulation under certain transients exceeding its safety limit is reduced, that is, the risk of insulation failure is reduced.

[0183] According to some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to FIG12. When N is an even number, the N / 2 and / or N / 2+1th support member 12 is connected to the electric platform 30 together with the first support device 20.

[0184] When N is odd, the (N+1) / 2th support member 12 and the first support device 20 are connected to the power platform 30.

[0185] Understandably, when N is odd, the voltage between the power platform 30 and the positive line V+ is the first voltage value, and the voltage between the power platform 30 and the negative line V- is the second voltage value. The first and second voltage values ​​are equal. When the power platform 30 is grounded, the absolute values ​​of the voltages of both the positive and negative lines are minimized. Similarly, when N is odd, the voltage between the power platform 30 and the positive line V+ is the first voltage value, and the voltage between the power platform 30 and the negative line V- is the second voltage value. The first and second voltage values ​​are closest. When the power platform 30 is grounded, the maximum value of the absolute values ​​of the voltages of both the positive and negative lines is minimized.

[0186] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the insulation detection circuit 14 is working, the midpoint of the equalizing chain (i.e., the third node Xc) is not connected to the electrical platform 30. Voltage fluctuations on the electrical platform 30 have virtually no impact on the potential of the ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit 14, and therefore have virtually no impact on the equivalent insulation resistance measured by the insulation detection circuit 14, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0187] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the insulation detection circuit 14 is not working, the middle support member 12 and the first support device 20 are connected to the power platform 30. Thus, when the power platform 30 is insulated and grounded, the maximum value of the absolute value of the voltage of the total positive line V+ and the voltage of the total negative line V- is minimized, further improving the safety and reliability of the energy storage system.

[0188] As understood by those skilled in the art, the electrical platform 30 can be endowed with a potential, and / or, the electrical platform 30 can be provided with a potential. As an example, when the electrical platform 30 is grounded, devices connected to the electrical platform 30 (e.g., the battery casing) are generally considered to be grounded as well. In this example, the electrical platform 30 is endowed with a ground potential through grounding, and the devices connected to the electrical platform 30 are provided with a ground potential by the electrical platform 30. As another example, when the electrical platform 30 is connected to the main positive line V+ of the electrical cabinet, the electrical platform 30 can be considered to be endowed with the potential of the main positive line V+. If devices (e.g., the battery cabinet) are connected to the electrical platform 30, the devices can be considered to be provided with the potential of the main positive line V+ by the electrical platform 30. As an example, the electrical platform 30 can be an equipotential object so that devices connected to the electrical platform 30 are at the same potential. The electrical platform 30 can be, for example, a power ground or a conductor connected to a power ground, or it can be an installation platform for an energy storage system, etc.

[0189] According to some embodiments of this application, when K is even, the K / 2 and / or K / 2+1th node is the third node Xc; when K is odd, the (K+1) / 2th node is the third node Xc.

[0190] In some embodiments, each protection component (i.e., including 131, 132, 133) includes a current-limiting component for limiting the current in the conductive path 13; or

[0191] Each protection component includes an overcurrent protection component, which is used to protect the current in the conductive path 13 from overcurrent.

[0192] It should be noted that the current-limiting component may include a resistor component, and in specific implementations, the resistance of the current-limiting component can be between kΩ and MΩ. The current-limiting component reduces the short-circuit current, thereby lowering the possibility of high-voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion, while maintaining the normal operation of the energy storage system.

[0193] Overcurrent protection components may include fuses, electronic circuit breakers, current protection switches, and overcurrent relays. The overcurrent protection components disconnect the support member 12 due to insulation failure, reducing the possibility of high-voltage arcing and battery combustion / explosion, further improving safety and reliability.

[0194] In the technical solutions of this application embodiment, each protection component can be a current limiting component or an overcurrent protection component, which improves the flexibility of protection component configuration.

[0195] In some embodiments, when N is an even number, the N / 2 and / or N / 2+1th support member 12 is connected to the electric platform 30 together with the first support device 20;

[0196] When N is odd, the (N+1) / 2th support member 12 and the first support device 20 are connected to the power platform 30.

[0197] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the middle support member 12 and the first support device 20 are connected to the power platform 30. Thus, when the power platform 30 is insulated and grounded, the maximum value of the absolute value of the voltage of the total positive line V+ and the absolute value of the voltage of the total negative line V- is minimized, which further improves the safety and reliability of the energy storage system.

[0198] It is understandable that when N is even, the third node Xc is connected to the N / 2 and / or N / 2+1th support member 12, and when N is odd, the third node Xc is connected to the (N+1) / 2th support member 12.

[0199] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a power supply device, which includes the energy storage system described above.

[0200] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides a power supply device including an energy storage system of any of the above solutions.

[0201] In some embodiments, the power supply device may include an energy storage station, the energy storage system storing electrical energy in the energy storage station and releasing electrical energy when the power grid is short of energy.

[0202] Since the power supply device includes an energy storage system based on any of the above schemes, it can provide overcurrent protection against short-circuit current, reducing the possibility of high-voltage arcing and battery combustion and explosion.

[0203] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, wherein, The system includes a main positive line, a main negative line, and a battery module connected between the main positive line and the main negative line. The energy storage system is configured to output electrical energy from the battery module through the main positive line and the main negative line, and / or the energy storage system is configured to input electrical energy to the battery module through the main positive line and the main negative line. The battery module includes multiple battery components connected in series; the energy storage system also includes: Multiple support members are provided, each battery assembly is supported by each support member, each battery assembly is insulated from each support member, and a first protection component is provided between the support members to form a series connection. The first protection component connected in series forms K nodes, where K is a positive integer and K≥3. An insulation detection circuit is provided, wherein a first terminal of the insulation detection circuit is connected to the main positive line, a second terminal of the insulation detection circuit is connected to the main negative line, and a ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit is used to connect to any of the K nodes. The insulation detection circuit is configured to detect the insulation parameters of the energy storage system.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The K nodes include K-2 series nodes and a first end node and a second end node located at both ends of the K-2 series nodes respectively. The grounding terminal of the insulation detection circuit is used to selectively connect to at least one of the K nodes: the first node closest to the main positive line, the second node closest to the main negative line, and the third node located in the middle of the first protection component connected in series.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The insulation detection circuit includes a switching assembly, which includes a first terminal and i second terminals. The first terminal is connected to the grounding terminal, and the i second terminals are selectively connected to the first terminal. The i second terminals include a first terminal, a second terminal, and a third terminal. The first terminal, the second terminal, and the third terminal are respectively connected to the first node, the second node, and the third node in a one-to-one correspondence, wherein 3≤i≤K.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The switching assembly includes i switching devices, the first ends of the i switching devices are connected together to form the first end of the switching assembly, and the second ends of the i switching devices respectively form the i second ends.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The switch assembly further includes a moving contact, one end of which is connected to a first end of the switch assembly, and the other end of which is used to selectively connect to one of the i second ends.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The i second terminals also include at least one fourth terminal, which is connected to a fourth node, and the fourth node is the node between the first node and the third node in the K-2 serial nodes.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The i second terminals also include at least one fifth terminal, which is connected to a fifth node, and the fifth node is the node between the second node and the third node in the K-2 serial nodes.

8. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The insulation detection circuit further includes a first detection switch, a second detection switch, a first reference resistor, and a second reference resistor; The first reference resistor and the first detection switch are connected in series between the first terminal of the insulation detection circuit and the ground terminal; The second reference resistor and the second detection switch are connected in series between the second terminal of the insulation detection circuit and the ground terminal.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, wherein, The insulation detection circuit further includes a third reference resistor, a fourth reference resistor, a fifth reference resistor, and a sixth reference resistor; The third reference resistor and the fourth reference resistor are connected in series between the first terminal and the ground terminal of the insulation detection circuit; The fifth reference resistor and the sixth reference resistor are connected in series between the second terminal of the insulation detection circuit and the ground terminal.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The number of the first protection components is ≤K-1, and at most one of the first protection components is connected in series between any two adjacent nodes among the K nodes.

11. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, The K nodes form K-1 sub-paths, and a target sub-path is set every m sub-paths. The target sub-path is connected in series with the first protection component, where m is a natural number.

12. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, It includes K-1 first protection components, K-1 sub-paths formed by the K nodes, and the K-1 first protection components are connected in series on the K-1 sub-paths respectively.

13. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein, The first node is the first serial node among the K-2 serial nodes, and the second node is the K-2 serial node among the K-2 serial nodes.

14. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, 10 to 12, wherein, It includes M battery components and N support members, with K of the N support members connected to the K nodes via K branches, where M≥N≥K; The energy storage system also includes two second protection components; the positive terminal of the first battery component is connected to the main positive line, and the negative terminal of the Mth battery component is connected to the main negative line; The first branch of the K branches is connected between the first terminal node and the main positive line, connecting one of the two second protection components, and the Kth branch of the K branches is connected between the second terminal node and the main negative line, connecting the other of the two second protection components.

15. The energy storage system according to claim 14, wherein, The first node and the second node are the first end node and the second end node, respectively.

16. The energy storage system according to claim 14, wherein, The resistance value of each of the first protection components is a first preset resistance value, and the resistance values ​​of the two second protection components are equal and greater than or equal to the first preset resistance value, or the resistance value of the second protection component is half of the first preset resistance value.

17. The energy storage system according to claim 16, wherein, The resistance of the second protection component is more than 1.5 times the first preset resistance.

18. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 10 to 12, wherein, It also includes a third protection component, in which each of the support members is connected to the K nodes via K branches, and at least one of the K branches is connected in series with the third protection component.

19. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 10 to 12, wherein, It also includes a first voltage equalization component and a second voltage equalization component, which are connected in series between the total positive line and the total negative line, and the series connection node of the first voltage equalization component and the second voltage equalization component is connected to the power platform.

20. The energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 10 to 12, wherein, The energy storage system further includes a first support device, which is used to support each of the support components; The main negative line and the first supporting equipment are connected to the power platform; or The main power line is connected to the power platform along with the first supporting equipment; or Any one of the support members is connected to the electrical platform along with the first support device.

21. The energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein, When K is even, the K / 2 and / or K / 2+1th node is the third node; when K is odd, the (K+1) / 2th node is the third node.

22. A power supply device, wherein, The power supply device includes an energy storage system as described in any one of claims 1 to 21.

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