Distributed new-energy energy storage system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy. Disclosed is a distributed new-energy energy storage system, the system comprising a distributed energy storage module, a central control module and a communication module. The distributed energy storage module comprises a storage battery, a battery management unit and a control unit; the distributed energy storage module is deployed at different positions of a power grid; and the distributed energy storage module is used for storing electric energy and releasing the electric energy. The central control module comprises a data processing unit, a prediction unit and a scheduling unit; and the central control module is used for monitoring state parameters of the working state of the distributed energy storage module in real time, and on the basis of a pre-acquired power grid load and the power generation capacity of a new energy power generation device, controlling the working state of the distributed energy storage module. The communication module is used for constructing a communication link between the distributed energy storage module and the central control module. The present invention enhances the capability of power grids to cope with abrupt load changes, effectively improves the efficiency and flexibility of new energy power generation, and improves the penetration rate of renewable energy and the overall operation efficiency of power grids.

Description

A distributed new energy storage system Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a distributed new energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the current global energy transition and environmental protection, the widespread application of new energy sources (such as solar and wind power) has become an important way to alleviate the energy crisis and reduce carbon emissions. However, the intermittency and instability of new energy power generation pose a challenge to the stable operation of the power grid. Traditional energy storage technologies often suffer from high costs, low efficiency, and insufficient flexibility when addressing this issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a distributed new energy storage system that can effectively improve the efficiency and flexibility of new energy power generation, enhance the grid's ability to cope with sudden load changes, and also increase the penetration rate of renewable energy and the overall operating efficiency of the grid.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a distributed new energy storage system, comprising: a distributed energy storage module, a central control module, and a communication module;

[0005] The distributed energy storage module includes a battery, a battery management unit, and a control unit;

[0006] The distributed energy storage modules are deployed at different locations on the power grid; the distributed energy storage modules are used to store and release electrical energy.

[0007] The central control module includes a data processing unit, a prediction unit, and a scheduling unit.

[0008] The central control module is used to monitor the status parameters of the distributed energy storage module in real time, and control the working status of the distributed energy storage module according to the pre-collected grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device; wherein, the working status of the distributed energy storage module includes energy storage and energy release, and the new energy power generation device includes solar power generation device and wind power generation device.

[0009] The communication module is used to establish a communication link between the distributed energy storage module and the central control module.

[0010] Furthermore, the battery is used to store electrical energy; the battery management unit is used to monitor the voltage, current and temperature parameters of the battery; and the control unit is used to receive instructions from the central control module and control the working state of the battery according to the instructions.

[0011] Furthermore, the battery management unit includes a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage processing circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, and an inverter;

[0012] The control unit includes a microprocessor;

[0013] The voltage acquisition circuit is used to detect the voltage of the battery; the current acquisition circuit is used to detect the current of the battery; the temperature acquisition circuit is used to detect the temperature of the battery.

[0014] The output terminal of the voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the current acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the temperature acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0015] The input terminal of the voltage processing circuit is connected to the new energy power generation device; the output terminal of the voltage processing circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the charging circuit; the output terminal of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery; the control terminal of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the battery is electrically connected to the input terminal of the discharging circuit; the output terminal of the discharging circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the inverter; the control terminal of the discharging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the power grid; and the control terminal of the inverter is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0016] Furthermore, the charging circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a first inductor;

[0017] The first terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage processing circuit;

[0018] The control terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0019] The second terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode;

[0020] The cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second capacitor;

[0021] The second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded;

[0022] The first terminal of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode;

[0023] The control terminal of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0024] The second terminal of the second switch is grounded;

[0025] The first terminal of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switching transistor;

[0026] The second terminal of the first inductor is electrically connected to the battery;

[0027] The positive terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first inductor;

[0028] The negative terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0029] Furthermore, the discharge circuit includes a second inductor, a third switching transistor, a fourth switching transistor, a second diode, and a third capacitor;

[0030] The first terminal of the second inductor is electrically connected to the battery;

[0031] The second terminal of the second inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switching transistor;

[0032] The control terminal of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0033] The second terminal of the third switch is grounded;

[0034] The anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switching transistor;

[0035] The cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor;

[0036] Connect the second terminal of the third capacitor to ground;

[0037] The first terminal of the fourth switching transistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode;

[0038] The second terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the input terminal of the inverter, and the control terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0039] Furthermore, the battery management unit also includes: an equalization management circuit;

[0040] The storage battery includes a first battery, a second battery, and a third battery;

[0041] The equalization management circuit includes a first rheostat, a second rheostat, a third rheostat, a first voltage regulator, a second voltage regulator, a third voltage regulator, a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor;

[0042] The first battery, the second battery, and the third battery are connected in series in the same phase.

[0043] The first terminal of the first rheostat is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first battery; the second terminal of the first rheostat is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery; the sliding terminal of the first rheostat is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the first voltage regulator; the cathode of the first voltage regulator is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first rheostat; the anode of the first voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat; the base of the first transistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator; the emitter of the first transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first rheostat; and the collector of the first transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat.

[0044] The first terminal of the second rheostat is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat; the second terminal of the second rheostat is electrically connected to the cathode of the second battery; the sliding terminal of the second rheostat is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the second voltage regulator; the cathode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat; the anode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat; the cathode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor; the emitter of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat; and the collector of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat.

[0045] The first terminal of the third rheostat is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat; the second terminal of the third rheostat is electrically connected to the cathode of the third battery; the cathode of the third battery is grounded; the sliding terminal of the third rheostat is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the third voltage regulator; the cathode of the third voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat; the anode of the third voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third rheostat; the cathode of the third voltage regulator is electrically connected to the base of the third transistor; the emitter of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat; and the collector of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third rheostat.

[0046] Furthermore, the data processing unit is used to monitor the status parameters of the operating status of the distributed energy storage module, and to generate target data by processing the pre-collected grid load and the status parameters;

[0047] The prediction unit is used to predict the grid load and power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data;

[0048] The scheduling unit is used to generate a charging and discharging strategy for the distributed energy storage module based on the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period.

[0049] Furthermore, the prediction of the grid load and power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0050] Based on the target data, the power grid load for a preset first time period is predicted using a first formula;

[0051] The first formula is specifically as follows:

[0052] In the formula, L t L represents the predicted grid load at time t. h，t α represents the grid load at the same historical time t; r represents the average annual growth rate of the grid load; n represents the number of years from the same historical time to the predicted time t; m represents the number of factors affecting the grid load; α i F is the weighting coefficient for the i-th factor affecting grid load; i，t Let be the quantified value of the i-th factor affecting the power grid load at time t.

[0053] Furthermore, the prediction of the grid load and power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0054] Based on the target data, the power generation of the solar power generation device in the preset first time period is predicted by the second formula;

[0055] The second formula is specifically as follows:

[0056] In the formula, E s，t I represents the predicted power generation of the solar power generation device within the time interval [t1, t2]. t Let be the solar irradiance at time t; A be the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; μ be the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; k t Let be the solar energy comprehensive correction factor for time t.

[0057] Furthermore, the prediction of the grid load and power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0058] Based on the target data, the power generation of the wind power generation device in the preset first time period is predicted by the third formula;

[0059] Specifically, the third formula is as follows:

[0060] In the formula, E w，t The value is represented by the predicted power generation of the wind power generation device within the time interval [t1, t2]; ρ is the density of air; A w The swept area of ​​the wind turbine; v is the wind speed; C p The wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind power generation device; k w，t is the comprehensive wind energy correction factor for time t.

[0061] This invention provides a distributed new energy storage system. Based on the organic integration of modules, it effectively mitigates the impact of the intermittency and uncertainty of new energy power generation on the power grid by cleverly deploying distributed energy storage modules throughout the grid. Through the real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation capabilities of the central control module, it accurately grasps the dynamics of grid load and the status of new energy power generation, and timely schedules the charging and discharging operations of distributed energy storage modules, ensuring the stability of power supply and maximizing the utilization of new energy. Furthermore, the efficient communication module ensures the immediacy and accuracy of information transmission, providing solid support for the coordinated operation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0068] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] The flowchart shown in the attached diagram is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor does it necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change depending on the actual situation.

[0070] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0071] Referring to Figure 1, it is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention. The system includes: a distributed energy storage module 101, a central control module 102, and a communication module 103.

[0072] The distributed energy storage module 101 includes a battery 201, a battery management unit 202, and a control unit 203;

[0073] The distributed energy storage module 101 is deployed at different locations in the power grid; the distributed energy storage module 101 is used to store and release electrical energy.

[0074] The central control module 102 includes a data processing unit 301, a prediction unit 302, and a scheduling unit 303;

[0075] The central control module 102 is used to monitor the status parameters of the distributed energy storage module 101 in real time, and control the working status of the distributed energy storage module 101 according to the pre-collected grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device; wherein, the working status of the distributed energy storage module 101 includes energy storage and energy release, and the new energy power generation device includes solar power generation device and wind power generation device.

[0076] The communication module 103 is used to establish a communication link between the distributed energy storage module 101 and the central control module 102.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, the distributed energy storage module 101 is deployed at various locations in the power grid to store and release electrical energy. When there is a surplus of new energy generation, i.e., when the electrical energy generated by wind power generation devices and solar power generation devices exceeds the current load demand of the power grid, the distributed energy storage module 101 can store the excess electrical energy. Conversely, when the power grid load increases and the amount of new energy generation is insufficient, the distributed energy storage module 101 can release the previously stored electrical energy to supplement the power grid and maintain its stable operation.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, the central control module 102 is communicatively connected to the distributed energy storage modules 101 distributed throughout the power grid via the communication module 103. The central control module 102 can collect and monitor the status parameters of each distributed energy storage module 101 in real time, including but not limited to the voltage, current, and temperature of the energy storage unit. Simultaneously, the central control module 102 can also acquire real-time data on the power grid load and the power generation information of new energy power generation devices. These new energy power generation devices include wind power generation devices and solar power generation devices. Based on this comprehensive data, the central control module 102 can accurately determine the current supply and demand balance of the power grid. When the power grid load is low and the new energy power generation is high, the central control module 102 issues an instruction to the distributed energy storage modules 101 to enter an energy storage state to fully utilize excess energy. Conversely, when the power grid load is high and new energy power generation cannot meet the demand, the central control module 102 directs the distributed energy storage modules 101 to release the stored energy to ensure a stable power supply to the power grid.

[0079] In this embodiment of the invention, the communication module 103 ensures that the central control module 102 and the distributed energy storage module 101 can exchange data and instructions in real time, accurately, and efficiently. Through the communication module 103, the central control module 102 can quickly transmit control instructions to each distributed energy storage module 101, and the distributed energy storage module 101 can also promptly feed back its own status information to the central control module 102, thereby achieving coordinated operation of the entire system.

[0080] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, distributed energy storage modules 101 can be installed at multiple key nodes of the power grid, such as areas near large wind farms, suburban areas rich in solar energy resources, and near urban power load centers. These distributed energy storage modules 101 adopt advanced lithium-ion battery technology and have efficient energy storage and release capabilities. A central control module 102 is provided at the power grid control center. Through a high-speed and stable communication network provided by a communication module 103, the central control module 102 maintains real-time connection with the distributed energy storage modules 101 distributed in various locations. At midday when the sun is strong, solar power generation devices are generating electricity at full capacity, and wind farms are also operating at high efficiency. At this time, the data received by the central control module 102 shows that the grid load is relatively low, and there is a surplus of new energy generation. Therefore, the central control module 102 sends instructions to the distributed energy storage modules 101 near wind farms and solar power generation areas to begin storing electrical energy. These distributed energy storage modules 101 respond quickly, converting the excess electrical energy into chemical energy for storage. As evening approached, residential and industrial electricity loads gradually increased, while solar power generation weakened and wind farm output decreased. The central control module 102, through real-time monitoring of grid load and renewable energy generation data, determined that the power supply was insufficient. At this point, the central control module 102 issued a command to the distributed energy storage module 101 located near the city's load center to release electrical energy. The distributed energy storage module 101 immediately released its stored electrical energy to replenish the grid, ensuring a stable power supply.

[0081] This invention effectively mitigates the impact of the intermittency and uncertainty of renewable energy generation on the power grid by cleverly deploying distributed energy storage modules throughout the grid. The central control module, through real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation, accurately grasps the dynamics of grid load and renewable energy generation, and timely schedules the charging and discharging operations of the energy storage units, ensuring stable power supply while maximizing the utilization of renewable energy. Furthermore, the efficient communication module ensures the immediacy and accuracy of information transmission, providing solid support for the coordinated operation of the system. This not only enhances the grid's ability to cope with sudden load changes but also improves the penetration rate of renewable energy and the overall operating efficiency of the grid.

[0082] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, referring to Figure 2, is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention. The distributed energy storage module 101 includes a battery 201, a battery management unit 202, and a control unit 203.

[0083] The battery 201 is used to store electrical energy; the battery management unit 202 is used to monitor the voltage, current and temperature parameters of the battery; the control unit 203 is used to receive instructions from the central control module 102 and control the working state of the battery 201 according to the instructions.

[0084] In this embodiment of the invention, the battery 201 can convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage. The battery management unit 202 can detect the voltage, current, and temperature parameters of the battery 201 in real time, thereby understanding the charging status and output capacity, charging and discharging rate and power of the battery 201, as well as the performance and safety of the battery 201. Based on these real-time monitored parameters, combined with grid load and power generation information from new energy power generation devices, the battery management unit 202 intelligently controls the operating state of the distributed energy storage module 101. When there is excess new energy power generation and the grid load is low, the battery 201 is controlled to enter the charging state to store excess electrical energy; when the grid load increases and new energy power generation is insufficient, the battery 201 is controlled to discharge to supplement the grid with electrical energy. The control unit 203 is used to receive instructions from the central control module 102. Based on the received instructions, the control unit 203 precisely adjusts the operating state of the battery 201, such as adjusting the charging or discharging rate, starting or stopping the charging and discharging process, etc., to respond to changes in grid demand.

[0085] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, when the battery management unit 202 detects that the battery 201 has a low voltage, moderate current, and normal temperature, and the grid load is high while the renewable energy generation is insufficient, the central control module 102 can transmit this information to the control unit 203. Upon receiving the accelerated discharge command from the central control module 102, the control unit 203 controls the battery 201 to increase its discharge rate, thereby increasing the power output to the grid. Conversely, if the battery management unit 202 detects that the parameters of the battery 201 are good, but the renewable energy generation is excessive and the grid load is low, the control unit 203 will, according to the command from the central control module 102, cause the battery 201 to reduce its discharge rate or enter a charging state, making full use of the excess energy for storage.

[0086] This invention integrates a battery, a battery management unit, and a control unit, achieving not only efficient energy storage but also endowing the distributed energy storage module with autonomous monitoring and control capabilities. The battery management unit monitors the battery status in real time and, based on grid load and the power generation of new energy generation devices, intelligently adjusts the operating status of the distributed energy storage module, protecting the battery from overcharging and over-discharging damage while optimizing energy utilization. The control unit actively responds to commands from the central control module, ensuring the entire system operates in a coordinated and efficient manner.

[0087] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, referring to Figure 3, it is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention. The battery management unit 202 includes a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage processing circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, and an inverter;

[0088] The control unit 203 includes a microprocessor;

[0089] The voltage acquisition circuit is used to detect the voltage of the battery; the current acquisition circuit is used to detect the current of the battery; the temperature acquisition circuit is used to detect the temperature of the battery.

[0090] The output terminal of the voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the current acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the temperature acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0091] The input terminal of the voltage processing circuit is connected to the new energy power generation device; the output terminal of the voltage processing circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the charging circuit; the output terminal of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery; the control terminal of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the battery is electrically connected to the input terminal of the discharging circuit; the output terminal of the discharging circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the inverter; the control terminal of the discharging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the power grid; and the control terminal of the inverter is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0092] In this embodiment, the voltage acquisition circuit continuously monitors the battery voltage and transmits the acquired voltage data to the microprocessor in real time. The current acquisition circuit monitors the battery current and similarly transmits the current data to the microprocessor. The temperature acquisition circuit monitors the battery temperature and provides the temperature data to the microprocessor.

[0093] When a new energy source is input, the voltage processing circuit processes the input voltage to a level suitable for charging the battery. The microprocessor, based on the battery's current state (such as voltage, current, temperature, grid load, and the amount of electricity generated by the new energy source), determines whether to charge the battery by controlling the on / off state of the charging circuit. If charging is needed, the charging circuit delivers the processed electrical energy to the battery for energy storage. When the battery needs to discharge to the grid, the discharging circuit obtains energy from the battery and transmits it to the inverter. The inverter converts the DC power output from the battery into AC power and then feeds it into the grid. The microprocessor regulates the discharge power and timing by controlling the inverter's operating state.

[0094] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, when the microprocessor detects through the voltage acquisition circuit that the voltage of the battery 201 is low, and the temperature and current are within a safe range, while the grid load is high and the renewable energy generation is insufficient, the microprocessor will control the charging circuit to shut down, stopping charging, and control the discharging circuit and inverter to start, allowing the battery to discharge to the grid to supplement the grid's energy demand. Conversely, if the voltage, current, and temperature data received by the microprocessor indicate that the battery 201 is fully charged or nearly fully charged, and the grid load is low and renewable energy generation is excessive, it will control the charging circuit to start, charging the battery 201, and control the discharging circuit and inverter to shut down, pausing the discharge of the battery 201.

[0095] This invention enables the battery management unit to precisely manage the charging and discharging process of the battery through the coordinated operation of voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit, temperature acquisition circuit, voltage processing circuit, charging circuit, discharging circuit, inverter, and microprocessor, ensuring the safe operation and efficient utilization of the battery, while effectively responding to changes in the demand of the power grid.

[0096] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, referring to Figure 4, is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention.

[0097] The charging circuit in Figure 4 includes a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, a first diode D1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a first inductor L1.

[0098] The first terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage processing circuit.

[0099] The control terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0100] The second terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode D1;

[0101] The cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second capacitor C2;

[0102] The negative terminal of the second capacitor C2 is grounded;

[0103] The first terminal of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode D1;

[0104] The control terminal of the second switching transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0105] The second terminal of the second switch Q2 is grounded;

[0106] The first terminal of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switch Q2;

[0107] The second terminal of the first inductor L1 is electrically connected to the battery B1;

[0108] The positive terminal of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L1;

[0109] The negative terminal of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0110] In this embodiment, when battery B1 needs charging, the microprocessor first sends a high-level signal to the control terminal of the first switch Q1, turning on the first switch Q1. At this time, the charging voltage output by the voltage processing circuit passes through the first switch Q1 and the first diode D1, and is filtered by the second capacitor C2 before being used to charge battery B1. Simultaneously, the microprocessor sends a PWM control signal to the control terminal of the second switch Q2. The PWM signal controls the on-time of the second switch Q2 by changing its duty cycle (i.e., the ratio of the high-level time to the total cycle time). When the second switch Q2 is off, the charging current flows to battery B1 through the first inductor L1, while the first inductor L1 stores electrical energy. When the second switch Q2 is on, the first inductor L1 releases the stored electrical energy and continues to charge battery B1, forming a smooth charging current. The microprocessor dynamically adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM signal based on real-time feedback from the voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit, and temperature acquisition circuit, thereby achieving precise control of the charging power of battery B1. For example, when battery B1 is close to full charge or the temperature is too high, reduce the duty cycle to reduce charging power; when battery B1 has a low charge and the temperature is suitable, increase the duty cycle to improve charging efficiency.

[0111] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, if the battery voltage is detected to be low and fast charging is required, the microprocessor will increase the duty cycle of the PWM control signal, making the on-time of the second switch longer, thereby increasing the charging power and accelerating the charging speed. Conversely, if the battery is detected to be close to full charge or the temperature is too high, in order to avoid overcharging and overheating, the microprocessor will decrease the duty cycle of the PWM control signal, reduce the charging power, or even pause charging.

[0112] This invention monitors the battery's voltage, current, and temperature in real time, enabling a microprocessor to promptly detect and handle abnormal situations such as overcharging, overcurrent, and overheating. It protects the battery and the entire charging system by adjusting the PWM signal's duty cycle or shutting down the charging circuit. Under the precise control of the microprocessor, the charging circuit dynamically adjusts the charging power based on the battery's real-time status, achieving a safe, efficient, and intelligent charging process.

[0113] The discharge circuit in Figure 4 includes a second inductor, a third switching transistor, a fourth switching transistor, a second diode, and a third capacitor.

[0114] The first terminal of the second inductor is electrically connected to the battery;

[0115] The second terminal of the second inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switching transistor;

[0116] The control terminal of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the microprocessor;

[0117] The second terminal of the third switch is grounded;

[0118] The anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switching transistor;

[0119] The cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor;

[0120] Connect the second terminal of the third capacitor to ground;

[0121] The first terminal of the fourth switching transistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode;

[0122] The second terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the input terminal of the inverter, and the control terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0123] In this embodiment of the invention, when battery B1 needs to discharge, the microprocessor first plays a control role by sending a low-level signal to the control terminal of the fourth switch Q4, causing the fourth switch Q4 to conduct, thereby providing a path for the discharge current. Simultaneously, the microprocessor sends a PWM control signal to the control terminal of the third switch Q3. At this time, the second inductor L2, the third switch Q3, the second diode D2, and the third capacitor C3 together constitute a boost circuit. During the conduction period of the third switch Q3, battery B1 charges the second inductor L2, storing energy. When the third switch Q3 is off, the current in the second inductor L2 cannot change abruptly; the induced electromotive force generated is superimposed on the battery voltage, charging the third capacitor C3 through the second diode D2, thus achieving a boost effect. The boosted voltage is then sent to the input terminal of the inverter. By changing the duty cycle of the PWM control signal at the control terminal of the third switch Q3, the ratio of the on-time to the off-time of the third switch Q3 can be adjusted. When the duty cycle increases, the on-time of the third switch Q3 becomes relatively longer, the charging time of the second inductor L2 increases, more energy is stored, the boost effect is more obvious, and the voltage output to the inverter input terminal will increase. Conversely, when the duty cycle decreases, the voltage output to the inverter input terminal will decrease.

[0124] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, if the grid load is large and the battery B1 needs to provide more power, the microprocessor will increase the duty cycle of the PWM control signal, increase the output voltage, and increase the discharge power. When the grid load is small, the microprocessor will decrease the duty cycle and reduce the discharge power.

[0125] The microprocessor of this invention can flexibly adjust the duty cycle of the PWM control signal according to the needs of the power grid and the state of the battery, and precisely control the voltage applied to the input terminal of the inverter, thereby achieving an efficient and stable discharge process.

[0126] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, referring to Figure 5, it is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed energy storage module provided by the present invention. The battery management unit in the distributed energy storage module further includes: an equalization management circuit; the battery B1 includes a first battery B11, a second battery B12 and a third battery B13;

[0127] The equalization management circuit includes a first variable resistor RP1, a second variable resistor RP2, a third variable resistor RP3, a first voltage regulator U1, a second voltage regulator U2, a third voltage regulator U3, a first transistor Q5, a second transistor Q6, and a third transistor Q7.

[0128] The first battery B11, the second battery B12, and the third battery B13 are connected in series in the same phase.

[0129] The first terminal of the first rheostat RP1 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first battery B11; the second terminal of the first rheostat RP1 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery B11; the sliding terminal of the first rheostat RP1 is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the first voltage regulator U1; the cathode of the first voltage regulator U1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first rheostat RP1; the anode of the first voltage regulator U1 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat RP1; the base of the first transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator U1; the emitter of the first transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first rheostat RP1; and the collector of the first transistor Q5 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat RP1.

[0130] The first terminal of the second rheostat RP2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat RP1; the second terminal of the second rheostat RP2 is electrically connected to the cathode of the second battery B12; the sliding terminal of the second rheostat RP2 is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the second voltage regulator U2; the cathode of the second voltage regulator U2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat RP1; the anode of the second voltage regulator U2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat RP2; the cathode of the second voltage regulator U2 is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor Q6; the emitter of the second transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat RP1; and the collector of the second transistor Q6 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat RP2.

[0131] The first terminal of the third rheostat RP3 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat RP2; the second terminal of the third rheostat RP3 is electrically connected to the cathode of the third battery B13; the cathode of the third battery B13 is grounded; the sliding terminal of the third rheostat RP3 is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the third voltage regulator U3; the cathode of the third voltage regulator U3 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat RP2; the anode of the third voltage regulator U3 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third rheostat RP3; the cathode of the third voltage regulator U3 is electrically connected to the base of the third transistor Q7; the emitter of the third transistor Q7 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat RP2; and the collector of the third transistor Q7 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third rheostat RP3.

[0132] In this embodiment, the battery is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. Because the characteristics and performance of each individual cell may differ, these differences can lead to uneven charging and discharging during battery pack use. If left unmanaged and uncontrolled, this imbalance will accelerate battery aging and reduce the overall performance and lifespan of the battery pack. Therefore, balanced battery management is crucial to ensuring the high efficiency, safety, and long-lasting performance of the battery pack.

[0133] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, battery B1 is composed of a first battery B11, a second battery B12, and a third battery B13 connected in series. Due to various reasons, the characteristics and performance of each individual battery cell may differ. The working principle is explained below using the second battery B12 and the third battery B13 as examples.

[0134] Assuming the charge of the second battery B12 is higher than that of the third battery B13, the voltage at the sliding terminal of the second variable resistor RP2 will increase accordingly. When the voltage at the sliding terminal of the second variable resistor RP2 is greater than the reference voltage of the second voltage regulator U2, the second voltage regulator U2 will conduct. The conduction of the second voltage regulator U2 will cause the base of the second transistor Q6 to go low, thus causing the second transistor Q6 to conduct. Once the second transistor Q6 is conducting, the voltage in the second battery B12 can form a path through the second transistor Q6 to charge the third battery B13. This process continues until the charges of the second battery B12 and the third battery B13 reach a relatively equal level. A similar principle is followed for charge balancing between the first battery B11 and the second battery B12, and between the first battery B11 and the third battery B13.

[0135] In this embodiment of the invention, the equalization management circuit further includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first terminal of the first variable resistor RP1, and the other end is connected to the first terminal of the first voltage regulator U1. One end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first terminal of the second variable resistor RP2, and the other end is connected to the first terminal of the second voltage regulator U2. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first terminal of the third variable resistor RP3, and the other end is connected to the first terminal of the third voltage regulator U3. The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, and the third resistor R3 can prevent excessive voltage and current in the circuit and ensure circuit safety.

[0136] This invention, by setting up an equalization management circuit, enables the transfer of power from the higher-charge individual battery to the lower-charge individual battery through the coordinated operation of the corresponding voltage regulator, transistor, and rheostat, regardless of which individual battery has a higher charge than the others. This ensures that the charge levels of the first battery B11, the second battery B12, and the third battery B13 remain consistent, effectively mitigating the charging and discharging imbalance caused by differences in individual battery charge levels, reducing battery aging, and improving the overall performance and lifespan of the battery pack.

[0137] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, referring to Figure 6, is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the distributed new energy storage system provided by the present invention. The central control module 102 includes a data processing unit 301, a prediction unit 302, and a scheduling unit 303.

[0138] The data processing unit 301 is used to monitor the status parameters of the working status of the distributed energy storage module 101, and generate target data by processing the pre-collected grid load and the status parameters.

[0139] The prediction unit 302 is used to predict the grid load and the power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data;

[0140] The scheduling unit 303 is used to generate a charging and discharging strategy for the distributed energy storage module based on the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period.

[0141] In this embodiment of the invention, the data processing unit 301 is used to collect various state parameters from the distributed energy storage module 101, such as the voltage, current, temperature, and charging / discharging status of the battery 201, and simultaneously collect grid load data. These raw data are processed through filtering, integration, and calculation to remove noise and outliers, extract key and valid information, and form target data.

[0142] In this embodiment of the invention, the prediction unit 302 predicts the grid load and the power generation of new energy power generation devices within a preset first time period based on the target data obtained by the data processing unit 301. For example, historical grid load variation patterns, the impact of weather on new energy power generation, seasonal and time factors can be considered. Through comprehensive analysis of these factors, a relatively accurate predicted value for grid load demand and the power generation of new energy power generation devices is obtained.

[0143] In this embodiment of the invention, the scheduling unit 303 formulates a charging and discharging strategy for the distributed energy storage module 101 based on the target data provided by the data processing unit and the prediction results of the grid load and new energy power generation within a preset first time period obtained by the prediction unit 302. If it is predicted that the grid load will increase significantly in the future while the power generation of the new energy power generation devices is insufficient, the scheduling unit 303 formulates a strategy to charge the distributed energy storage module 101 in advance to store energy and discharge it during peak load periods. Conversely, if it is predicted that the power generation of the new energy power generation devices is excessive, the distributed energy storage module 101 is arranged to charge to store excess electrical energy. In this way, the supply and demand balance of the grid is ensured, and energy utilization efficiency and grid stability are improved.

[0144] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, during summer, the data processing unit 301 detects that the current battery 201 is in good condition, and the grid load is gradually increasing due to the large-scale use of air conditioning by residents. Based on historical data and weather forecasts, the prediction unit 302 predicts that a peak in electricity consumption due to high temperatures will occur tomorrow afternoon, and that solar power generation will be reduced due to cloud cover. The dispatch unit 303 then formulates a strategy, ordering the distributed energy storage module 101 to accelerate charging during the off-peak electricity price period at night, to make sufficient preparations for tomorrow's load peak, ensuring that the grid supply and demand remain balanced, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency, and ensuring stable and reliable grid operation.

[0145] The data processing unit, prediction unit, and scheduling unit in the central control module of this invention work together to enable the central control module to accurately control the system status, make forward-looking decisions, and realize intelligent optimization management of the distributed new energy storage system.

[0146] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the step of predicting the grid load and the power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0147] Based on the target data, the power grid load for a preset first time period is predicted using a first formula.

[0148] In this embodiment of the invention, the first formula is a mathematical model for predicting the power grid load within a preset first time period, and is used to predict the power grid load within the preset first time period in the future (such as daily, weekly, monthly, etc.).

[0149] The first formula is specifically as follows:

[0150] In the formula, L t Let L be the predicted grid load at time t, which is the final output of the above mathematical model; h，t α represents the grid load at the same historical time t, i.e., the grid load data at the same point in time t over a certain year or several years, used to reflect seasonal or periodic changes in load; r represents the average annual growth rate of grid load, a trend parameter used to reflect the long-term growth trend of load over time; n represents the number of years from the same historical time to the predicted time t, a time difference used to adjust historical load data to the baseline of the predicted year; m represents the number of factors affecting grid load, including but not limited to weather conditions, economic activity levels, and holiday arrangements; α i F is the weighting coefficient for the i-th factor affecting power grid load, used to quantify the degree of influence of each factor on load changes, and can be determined through statistical analysis or expert experience; i，t For the i-th factor affecting the power grid load at time t, it is the quantitative value of the factor that transforms the qualitative or quantitative factors into specific values ​​that can be used in the calculation, such as temperature, humidity, and holiday signs.

[0151] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, assume that the power grid load L at the same historical time t is... h，t The grid capacity is 1000 MW, with an average annual load growth rate (r) of 5%. Two years have passed from the historical average to the predicted time (t) (n=2). There are three factors affecting the load (m=3): temperature, holidays, and large-scale events. The weighting coefficient for temperature, α1, is 0.3. The temperature on the current day is 5 degrees Celsius higher than the historical average for the same period, corresponding to a quantified value F. 1，tThe weighting factor α2 for holidays is 0.2; if the day is a holiday, the corresponding quantified value F is 0.2. 2，t The weighting factor α3 for large-scale events is 0.1. If a large-scale event occurs on that day, the corresponding quantitative value F is... 3，t It is 0.1.

[0152] Substituting the above data into the first formula, we get: L t =1000×(1+0.05) 2 +0.3×0.2+0.2×0.3+0.1×0.1=1102.63

[0153] The predicted grid load is 1102.63 megawatts.

[0154] Then, based on the forecast results, corresponding power grid dispatch and energy storage management strategies can be formulated to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0155] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the step of predicting the grid load and the power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0156] Based on the target data, the power generation of the solar power generation device in the preset first time period is predicted by the second formula.

[0157] In this embodiment of the invention, the second formula is a calculation model for predicting the power generation of a solar power generation device within a preset first time period in the future.

[0158] The second formula is specifically as follows:

[0159] In the formula, E s，t The predicted power generation of the solar power generation device within the time interval [t1, t2] represents the total electrical energy that the solar power generation device can generate within a given time period; I t denoted as , where is the solar irradiance at time t, reflecting the energy intensity of solar radiation reaching the ground. Irradiance varies with time, location, and weather conditions. A represents the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, whose size directly affects the amount of sunlight captured, thus influencing power generation. μ represents the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, a fixed physical characteristic representing the proportion of solar radiation energy received by the panel converted into electrical energy. k t The solar energy comprehensive correction factor for time t is used to take into account factors that cannot be directly reflected by other parameters, such as the impact of dust accumulation on photovoltaic panel efficiency, the impact of temperature on photovoltaic panel performance, and the efficiency improvement brought about by adjusting the photovoltaic panel angle (such as tracking the sun's trajectory).

[0160] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, suppose we want to predict the amount of solar power generated during the period from 8:00 AM (t1) to 12:00 PM (t2).

[0161] The total area A of the photovoltaic panels is 100 square meters, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency μ is 20%. During this period, the solar irradiance I... t The changes are as follows:

[0162] From 8 to 9 o'clock, I t It is 500 watts per square meter;

[0163] From 9 to 11 o'clock, I t It is 800 watts per square meter;

[0164] From 11:00 to 12:00, I t It is 1000 watts per square meter.

[0165] Comprehensive correction coefficient k t The value was 0.9 over the entire time period (taking into account factors such as dust obstruction and equipment aging).

[0166] Substituting the above data into the second formula, we get:

[0167] That is, the predicted solar power generation is 55,800 watt-hours.

[0168] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the step of predicting the grid load and the power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes:

[0169] Based on the target data, the power generation of the wind power generation device in the preset first time period is predicted by the third formula.

[0170] In this embodiment of the invention, the third formula is used to predict the power generation of the wind power generation device within a preset first time period in the future.

[0171] Specifically, the third formula is as follows:

[0172] In the formula, E w , t Let represent the predicted power generation of the wind power generation device within the time interval [t1, t2], indicating the total electrical energy that the wind power generation device can generate within a given time period; ρ is the air density, a physical constant that directly affects the kinetic energy of the wind, and thus the efficiency of wind power generation; A w The swept area of ​​the wind turbine is the area swept by the blades of the wind power generation device when they rotate, which determines the total amount of wind energy that the wind power generation device can capture; v is the wind speed; C pThe wind energy utilization coefficient of a wind power generation device represents the proportion of kinetic energy of wind that the wind turbine converts into electrical energy; k w , t The wind energy comprehensive correction coefficient for time t is used to take into account factors that cannot be directly reflected by other parameters, such as the maintenance status of wind turbines, their aging degree, and the impact of wind direction changes on wind turbine efficiency.

[0173] As an example of an embodiment of the present invention, suppose we want to predict the wind power generation during the period from 0:00 AM (t1) to 6:00 AM (t2).

[0174] The air density ρ is approximately 1.2 kg / m³, and the swept area A of the wind power generation device is... w For an area of ​​500 square meters, the wind energy utilization coefficient C p It is 0.4.

[0175] During this period, the combined correction factor for wind speed v and wind energy k w，t The changes are as follows:

[0176] From 0:00 to 2:00, v is 8 m / s, k w，t It is 0.9;

[0177] From 2 o'clock to 4 o'clock, v is 10 m / s, k w，t It is 0.85;

[0178] From 4 o'clock to 6 o'clock, v is 12 m / s, k w，t It is 0.95.

[0179] Substituting the above data into the third formula, we get:

[0180] The predicted wind power generation is 707,424 watt-hours.

[0181] This invention, by introducing specific prediction formulas, provides distributed renewable energy storage systems with the ability to accurately predict grid load and future power generation from renewable energy devices (including solar and wind power generation devices). This helps distributed renewable energy storage systems manage energy supply and demand balance more efficiently, optimize energy storage strategies, reduce energy waste, improve energy utilization efficiency, and enhance grid stability and reliability. By considering historical data, growth trends, influencing factors, and real-time weather conditions, more accurate and forward-looking decisions can be made, thereby bringing significant economic and environmental benefits to users and grid operators.

[0182] In summary, this invention provides a distributed new energy storage system. Based on the organic integration of modules, it effectively mitigates the impact of the intermittency and uncertainty of new energy power generation on the power grid by cleverly deploying distributed energy storage modules throughout the grid. Through the real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation capabilities of the central control module, it accurately grasps the dynamics of grid load and the status of new energy power generation, and timely schedules the charging and discharging operations of distributed energy storage modules, ensuring the stability of power supply and promoting the maximum utilization of new energy. Furthermore, the efficient communication module ensures the immediacy and accuracy of information transmission, providing solid support for the coordinated operation of the system.

[0183] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A distributed new energy storage system, characterized in that, include: Distributed energy storage module, central control module, and communication module; The distributed energy storage module includes a battery, a battery management unit, and a control unit; The distributed energy storage modules are deployed at different locations on the power grid; the distributed energy storage modules are used to store and release electrical energy. The central control module includes a data processing unit, a prediction unit, and a scheduling unit. The central control module is used to monitor the status parameters of the distributed energy storage module in real time, and control the working status of the distributed energy storage module according to the pre-collected grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device; wherein, the working status of the distributed energy storage module includes energy storage and energy release, and the new energy power generation device includes solar power generation device and wind power generation device. The communication module is used to establish a communication link between the distributed energy storage module and the central control module.

2. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery is used to store electrical energy; the battery management unit is used to monitor the voltage, current and temperature parameters of the battery; the control unit is used to receive instructions from the central control module and control the working state of the battery according to the instructions.

3. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery management unit includes a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, a voltage processing circuit, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, and an inverter. The control unit includes a microprocessor; The voltage acquisition circuit is used to detect the voltage of the battery; the current acquisition circuit is used to detect the current of the battery; the temperature acquisition circuit is used to detect the temperature of the battery. The output terminal of the voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the current acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the temperature acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor. The input terminal of the voltage processing circuit is connected to the new energy power generation device; the output terminal of the voltage processing circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the charging circuit; the output terminal of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the battery; the control terminal of the charging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the battery is electrically connected to the input terminal of the discharging circuit; the output terminal of the discharging circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the inverter; the control terminal of the discharging circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor; the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the power grid; and the control terminal of the inverter is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

4. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charging circuit includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a first inductor; The first terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the voltage processing circuit; The control terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the microprocessor; The second terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the anode of the first diode; The cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second capacitor; The second terminal of the second capacitor is grounded; The first terminal of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode; The control terminal of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the microprocessor. The second terminal of the second switching transistor is grounded; The first terminal of the first inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switching transistor; The second terminal of the first inductor is electrically connected to the battery; The positive terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first inductor; The negative terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

5. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The discharge circuit includes a second inductor, a third switching transistor, a fourth switching transistor, a second diode, and a third capacitor; The first terminal of the second inductor is electrically connected to the battery; The second terminal of the second inductor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switching transistor; The control terminal of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the microprocessor; The second terminal of the third switch is grounded; The anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switching transistor; The cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor; Connect the second terminal of the third capacitor to ground; The first terminal of the fourth switching transistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode; The second terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the input terminal of the inverter, and the control terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

6. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery management unit further includes: an equalization management circuit; The storage battery includes a first battery, a second battery, and a third battery; The equalization management circuit includes a first rheostat, a second rheostat, a third rheostat, a first voltage regulator, a second voltage regulator, a third voltage regulator, a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor; The first battery, the second battery, and the third battery are connected in series in the same phase. The first terminal of the first rheostat is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the first battery; the second terminal of the first rheostat is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery; the sliding terminal of the first rheostat is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the first voltage regulator; the cathode of the first voltage regulator is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first rheostat; the anode of the first voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat; the base of the first transistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator; the emitter of the first transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first rheostat; and the collector of the first transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat. The first terminal of the second rheostat is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat; the second terminal of the second rheostat is electrically connected to the cathode of the second battery; the sliding terminal of the second rheostat is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the second voltage regulator; the cathode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat; the anode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat; the cathode of the second voltage regulator is electrically connected to the base of the second transistor; the emitter of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first rheostat; and the collector of the second transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat. The first terminal of the third rheostat is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat; the second terminal of the third rheostat is electrically connected to the cathode of the third battery; the cathode of the third battery is grounded; the sliding terminal of the third rheostat is electrically connected to the reference terminal of the third voltage regulator; the cathode of the third voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat; the anode of the third voltage regulator is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third rheostat; the cathode of the third voltage regulator is electrically connected to the base of the third transistor; the emitter of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the second rheostat; and the collector of the third transistor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third rheostat.

7. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data processing unit is used to monitor the status parameters of the working status of the distributed energy storage module, and to generate target data by processing the pre-collected grid load and the status parameters. The prediction unit is used to predict the grid load and power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data; The scheduling unit is used to generate a charging and discharging strategy for the distributed energy storage module based on the grid load and the power generation of the new energy power generation device in a preset first time period.

8. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The prediction of the grid load and power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes: Based on the target data, the power grid load for a preset first time period is predicted using a first formula; Specifically, the first formula is: In the formula, L t L represents the predicted grid load at time t. h，t α represents the grid load at the same historical time t; r represents the average annual growth rate of the grid load; n represents the number of years from the same historical time to the predicted time t; m represents the number of factors affecting the grid load; α i F is the weighting coefficient for the i-th factor affecting grid load; i，t Let be the quantified value of the i-th factor affecting the power grid load at time t.

9. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The prediction of the grid load and power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes: Based on the target data, the power generation of the solar power generation device in the preset first time period is predicted by the second formula; The second formula is specifically as follows: In the formula, E s，t I represents the predicted power generation of the solar power generation device within the time interval [t1, t2]. t Let be the solar irradiance at time t; A be the total area of ​​the photovoltaic panel; μ be the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; k t Let be the solar energy comprehensive correction factor for time t.

10. The distributed new energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The prediction of the grid load and power generation of new energy power generation devices for a preset first time period based on the target data includes: Based on the target data, the power generation of the wind power generation device in the preset first time period is predicted by the third formula; Specifically, the third formula is as follows: In the formula, E w，t The value is represented by the predicted power generation of the wind power generation device within the time interval [t1, t2]; ρ is the density of air; A w The swept area of ​​the wind turbine; v is the wind speed; C p The wind energy utilization coefficient of the wind power generation device; k w，t is the comprehensive wind energy correction factor for time t.

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