Method and apparatus for indicating data transmission signal arrangement for low-power communication in wireless communication system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting higher data transmission rates. The present disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting higher data transmission rates, connections between more devices, and the like such as ultra-high speed, ultra-low latency, and ultra-connection. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a low-power communication system in which a device having no battery or having only capacitor-level energy storage capability may operate. The present disclosure relates to operations of a base station, a terminal, and a device in a wireless communication system. The present disclosure relates to a method and device for, when data transmission / reception between a reader and a device occurs, determining, at a receiving end, whether an additional signal is included in a data transmission signal, and determining whether to perform an operation for receiving the additional signal.

Description

Method and apparatus for directing data transmission signal placement for low-power communication in a wireless communication system

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a base station, and a low-power communication device in a wireless communication system. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for setting a carrier transmission resource necessary for a low-power communication device to transmit a signal to a terminal or a base station.

[0002] 5G mobile communication technology defines a wide frequency band to enable fast transmission speeds and new services, and can be implemented not only in frequency bands below 6 GHz ('Sub 6 GHz'), such as 3.5 gigahertz (3.5 GHz), but also in ultra-high frequency bands called millimeter waves (mmWave), such as 28 GHz and 39 GHz ('Above 6 GHz'). In addition, for 6G mobile communication technology, which is referred to as a system beyond 5G, implementation in the terahertz band (e.g., 3 terahertz (3 THz) band at 95 GHz) is being considered to achieve transmission speeds 50 times faster and ultra-low latency reduced to one-tenth compared to 5G mobile communication technology.

[0003] In the early stages of 5G mobile communication technology, aiming to satisfy service support and performance requirements for enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC), and massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC), technologies such as beamforming and Massive MIMO to mitigate path loss and increase transmission distance in ultra-high frequency bands, support for various numerologies (such as the operation of multiple subcarrier spacings) and dynamic operation of slot formats for the efficient utilization of ultra-high frequency resources, initial access techniques to support multi-beam transmission and broadband, definition and operation of Band-Width Parts (BWP), Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes for high-volume data transmission, new channel coding methods such as Polar Codes for the reliable transmission of control information, and L2 pre-processing (L2 Standardization has been carried out for pre-processing, network slicing which provides a dedicated network specialized for specific services, and other methods.

[0004] Currently, discussions are underway to improve and enhance the performance of the initial 5G mobile communication technology, taking into account the services that the 5G mobile communication technology was intended to support. Additionally, standardization of the physical layer is in progress for technologies such as V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), which helps autonomous vehicles make driving decisions and enhance user convenience based on their own location and status information transmitted by the vehicle; NR-U (New Radio Unlicensed), which aims for system operation in unlicensed bands to comply with various regulatory requirements; NR terminal low power consumption technology (UE Power Saving); Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN), which is direct terminal-satellite communication for securing coverage in areas where communication with the terrestrial network is impossible; and positioning.

[0005] In addition, standardization is underway in the field of wireless interface architecture / protocols for technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to support new services through linkage and convergence with other industries, Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) which provides nodes to expand network service areas by integrating wireless backhaul links and access links, Mobility Enhancement including Conditional Handover and Dual Active Protocol Stack (DAPS) Handover, and 2-step Random Access (2-step RACH for NR) which simplifies random access procedures. Standardization is also underway in the field of system architecture / services for 5G baseline architectures (e.g., Service based Architecture, Service based Interface) for the integration of Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) technologies, and Mobile Edge Computing (MEC), which provides services based on the location of the terminal.

[0006] When such 5G mobile communication systems are commercialized, connected devices, which are increasing explosively, will be connected to the communication network. Accordingly, it is expected that there will be a need to enhance the functionality and performance of 5G mobile communication systems and to integrate the operation of connected devices. To this end, new research is planned to be conducted on 5G performance improvement and complexity reduction, support for AI services, support for metaverse services, and drone communication using eXtended Reality (XR), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) to efficiently support Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR).

[0007] Furthermore, the advancement of these 5G mobile communication systems encompasses multi-antenna transmission technologies such as new waveforms to guarantee coverage in the terahertz band of 6G mobile communication technology, Full Dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and large-scale antennas; metamaterial-based lenses and antennas to improve terahertz band signal coverage; high-dimensional spatial multiplexing technology using OAM (Orbital Angular Momentum); and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) technology; as well as Full Duplex technology for enhancing frequency efficiency and system networks in 6G mobile communication technology; AI-based communication technologies that realize system optimization by utilizing satellites and AI from the design stage and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions; and the realization of services of complexity exceeding the limits of terminal computing capabilities by utilizing ultra-high-performance communication and computing resources. It could serve as a foundation for the development of next-generation distributed computing technologies.

[0008] As mentioned above, with the advancement of wireless communication systems, it has become possible to provide various services, and thus measures are required to provide these services smoothly.

[0009] The present disclosure may provide an apparatus and a method capable of effectively providing services in a mobile communication (or wireless communication) system.

[0010] The technical problems to be solved in the various embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned may be considered by those skilled in the art from the various embodiments of the present disclosure described below.

[0011] The present disclosure, for solving the above-mentioned problems, provides a device in a wireless communication system. The device comprises: at least one transmitter; at least one processing unit communicatively coupled to the at least one transmitter; and at least one memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processing unit for storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processing unit individually or in any combination, so that the device receives from a reader: a preamble for a physical reader-to-device channel (PRDCH) and an R2D (reader-to-device) transmission including the PRDCH, wherein the preamble may include a signal indicating whether a carrier frequency offset (CFO) calibration signal is included in the R2D transmission.

[0012] The present disclosure provides a reader in a wireless communication system. The reader comprises at least one transmitter; at least one processing unit communicatively coupled to the at least one transmitter; and at least one memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processing unit for storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processing unit individually or in any combination so that the reader transmits to a device a preamble for a physical reader-to-device channel (PRDCH) and a reader-to-device (R2D) transmission including the PRDCH, wherein the preamble may include a signal indicating whether a carrier frequency offset (CFO) calibration signal is included in the R2D transmission.

[0013] The present disclosure may provide an apparatus and method capable of effectively providing services in a mobile communication system.

[0014] The effects obtainable from the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0015] FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a low-power device and a reader transmitting and receiving signals in a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 1b is a diagram illustrating the structure of a transmission signal in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 4a is a diagram illustrating an example in which a start-indicator part of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure indicates whether to transmit an additional signal.

[0020] FIG. 4b is a diagram illustrating an example in which the clock-acquisition part of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure indicates whether to transmit an additional signal.

[0021] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of R2D transmission when the start-indicator part of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure indicates whether to transmit an additional signal.

[0022] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of R2D transmission in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure when the gap interval of a transmission signal indicates whether to transmit an additional signal.

[0023] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an indicator of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure indicates whether to transmit an additional signal.

[0024] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an indicator prior to the clock-acquisition part of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure indicates whether to transmit an additional signal.

[0025] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an indicator after the clock-acquisition part of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure indicates whether to transmit an additional signal.

[0026] FIG. 10 is a drawing illustrating an example of operation between a reader and a device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the structure of a low-power device in a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the structure of a reader in a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure may be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0030] In describing the embodiments, technical details that are well known in the art to which this disclosure belongs and are not directly related to this disclosure may be omitted. This is intended to convey the essence of this disclosure more clearly without obscuring it by omitting unnecessary explanations.

[0031] For the same reason, some components in the attached drawings have been exaggerated, omitted, or schematically depicted. Additionally, the dimensions of each component do not entirely reflect their actual dimensions. Identical or corresponding components in each drawing have been assigned the same reference numbers.

[0032] The advantages and features of the present disclosure, and the methods for achieving them, will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the disclosure, and the present disclosure is defined only by the scope of the claims. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals may refer to the same components. Furthermore, in describing the present disclosure, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related function or configuration would unnecessarily obscure the essence of the present disclosure, such detailed description may be omitted. Additionally, the terms described below are defined considering their functions in the present disclosure, and these may vary depending on the intentions or conventions of the user or operator. Therefore, their definitions should be based on the content throughout the entire specification.

[0033] In the present disclosure, a base station is an entity that performs resource allocation for terminals and may be at least one of a gNode B, eNode B, Node B, BS (Base Station), radio access unit, base station controller, or a node on a network. A terminal may include a UE (User Equipment), MS (Mobile Station), cellular phone, smartphone, computer, or a multimedia system capable of performing communication functions. In the present disclosure, a downlink (DL) may refer to a wireless transmission path for a signal transmitted by a base station to a terminal, and an uplink (UL) may refer to a wireless transmission path for a signal transmitted by a terminal to a base station. Furthermore, while LTE or LTE-A systems may be described below as examples, embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to other communication systems having similar technical backgrounds or channel types. For example, 5th generation mobile communication technologies (5G, new radio, NR) developed after LTE-A may be included, and the 5G below may be a concept that includes existing LTE, LTE-A, and other similar services. Furthermore, the present disclosure may be applied to other communication systems with some modifications made at the discretion of a person with skilled technical knowledge, without significantly departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The leader of the present disclosure is an entity that performs resource allocation of the device and may be at least one of a base station or a terminal. Additionally, the device of the present disclosure may include a system that can perform communication functions and receives power based on energy harvesting technology.

[0034] At this point, it will be understood that each block of the process flow diagrams and combinations of the flow diagrams can be executed by computer program instructions. Since these computer program instructions can be loaded into the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing equipment, the instructions executed through the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment may create means for performing the functions described in the flow diagram block(s). Since these computer program instructions may also be stored in computer-available or computer-readable memory that can be directed toward the computer or other programmable data processing equipment to implement the function in a specific way, the instructions stored in computer-available or computer-readable memory may also produce a manufactured item containing instruction means for performing the function described in the flow diagram block(s). Since computer program instructions can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, instructions that perform a series of operation steps on the computer or other programmable data processing equipment to create a process executed by the computer can also provide steps for executing the functions described in the flowchart block(s).

[0035] Additionally, each block may represent a module, segment, or part of code containing one or more executable instructions for executing a specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative execution examples, the functions mentioned in the blocks may occur out of order. For example, two blocks described in succession may actually be executed substantially simultaneously, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in reverse order according to their corresponding functions.

[0036] In this embodiment, the term "part" refers to a software or hardware component such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), and the "part" may perform certain roles. However, the meaning of "part" is not limited to software or hardware. The "part" may be configured to reside in an addressable storage medium or configured to run one or more processors. Thus, as an example, the "part" may include components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, as well as processes, functions, attributes, procedures, subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and variables. The functions provided within the components and "parts" may be combined into a smaller number of components and "parts" or further separated into additional components and "parts." In addition, the components and 'parts' may be implemented to utilize one or more CPUs within the device or secure multimedia card. Also, in the embodiments, 'parts' may include one or more processors.

[0037] In the present disclosure, each of the phrases such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B or C,” “at least one of A, B and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C” may include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as “first,” “second,” or “first” or “second” may be used simply to distinguish a corresponding component from another corresponding component and do not limit the corresponding components in other aspects (e.g., importance or order).

[0038] In describing the present disclosure below, specific descriptions of related known functions or configurations will be omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions would unnecessarily obscure the essence of the present disclosure. Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0039] Terms used in the following description to identify a connection node, terms referring to network entities, terms referring to messages, terms referring to interfaces between network entities, and terms referring to various identification information are examples provided for the convenience of explanation. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not limited to the terms described below, and other terms referring to objects having equivalent technical meanings may be used. Wireless communication systems are evolving from providing initial voice-oriented services to broadband wireless communication systems that provide high-speed, high-quality packet data services, such as communication standards including, for example, 3GPP’s HSPA (High Speed ​​Packet Access), LTE (Long Term Evolution or E-UTRA (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access)), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Pro, 3GPP2’s HRPD (High Rate Packet Data), UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), and IEEE’s 802.16e.

[0040] As a representative example of a broadband wireless communication system, the LTE system employs the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) method for the downlink (DL) and the Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) method for the uplink (UL). The uplink refers to a wireless link through which a terminal (User Equipment (UE) or Mobile Station (MS)) transmits data or control signals to a base station (eNode B, or base station (BS)), and the downlink refers to a wireless link through which a base station transmits data or control signals to a terminal. The above multiple access method can distinguish the data or control information of each user by allocating and operating time-frequency resources to be sent for each user so that they do not overlap, that is, so that orthogonality is established.

[0041] As a future communication system following LTE, that is, a 5G communication system, it must be able to freely reflect the diverse requirements of users and service providers, and therefore, services that satisfy various requirements simultaneously may need to be supported. Services being considered for the 5G communication system include enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC), and Ultra Reliability Low Latency Communication (URLLC).

[0042] eMBB may aim to provide data transmission speeds that are superior to those supported by existing LTE, LTE-A, or LTE-Pro. For example, in a 5G communication system, eMBB may need to be able to provide a peak data rate of 20 Gbps in the downlink and 10 Gbps in the uplink from the perspective of a single base station. Furthermore, while providing the peak data rates, the 5G communication system may also need to provide an increased user-perceived data rate. To satisfy these requirements, improvements in various transmission and / or reception technologies, including enhanced Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) transmission technology, may be required. Additionally, while LTE transmits signals using a maximum bandwidth of 20 MHz in the 2 GHz band, the 5G communication system can meet the data transmission speeds required by using a frequency bandwidth wider than 20 MHz in frequency bands of 3–6 GHz or above 6 GHz.

[0043] Simultaneously, mMTC is being considered to support application services such as the Internet of Things (IoT) in 5G communication systems. To efficiently provide IoT, mMTC may require support for a large number of terminal connections within a cell, improved terminal coverage, enhanced battery life, and reduced terminal costs. Since IoT devices are attached to various sensors and equipment to provide communication functions, it may be necessary to support a large number of terminals within a cell (e.g., 1,000,000 terminals / km²). Furthermore, due to the nature of the service, terminals supporting mMTC are likely to be located in dead zones not covered by cells, such as building basements; therefore, they may require wider coverage compared to other services provided by 5G communication systems. Terminals supporting mMTC must consist of low-cost devices, and since it is difficult to frequently replace terminal batteries, a very long battery life of 10 to 15 years may be required.

[0044] Finally, URLLC is a mission-critical cellular-based wireless communication service. Examples include services used for remote control of robots or machinery, industrial automation, unmanned aerial vehicles, remote health care, and emergency alerts. Therefore, the communication provided by URLLC may require very low latency and very high reliability. For instance, services supporting URLLC must satisfy an air interface latency of less than 0.5 milliseconds and simultaneously meet the requirement of a packet error rate of 10^-5 or less. Consequently, for services supporting URLLC, 5G systems must provide a Transmit Time Interval (TTI) smaller than other services, and design considerations may be required to allocate wide resources in the frequency band to ensure the reliability of the communication link.

[0045] In 5G, the three services of eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC can be multiplexed and transmitted within a single system. In this case, different transmission and / or reception techniques and transmission and / or reception parameters may be used between the services to satisfy the different requirements of each service. Of course, 5G may not be limited to the three aforementioned services.

[0046] A mobile communication (or wireless communication) system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may provide a method for transmitting and receiving configuration information used by a low-power communication device (hereinafter, device) for data transmission. The configuration information may vary depending on the device's support capabilities (e.g., modulation, clock accuracy, energy retention capability). The device may receive transmission resources from a reader based on a configuration method.

[0047] [Ambient IoT]

[0048] With reference to the drawings below, a communication method and apparatus performed in an Ambient Internet of Things (AIoT) system according to the present disclosure will be described in detail.

[0049] The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology in which various devices are interconnected via the internet to exchange data, and it is utilized in diverse fields such as smart homes, industrial automation, healthcare, and smart cities. Most existing IoT devices operate using batteries, which may require periodic replacement or charging. This increases maintenance costs and time consumption for IoT systems and can be a significant constraint, particularly when large-scale deployments are required or when used in hard-to-reach locations. AIoT, a form of low-power communication, represents the next evolutionary stage of such IoT technology; it is a new type of IoT technology that draws power by collecting energy from the surrounding environment. AIoT devices can utilize energy harvesting technology to receive energy from light, radio waves, motion, heat, or other power sources deemed suitable, enabling them to operate for extended periods without battery replacement or charging. The output of energy harvesters typically ranges from 1 μW to several hundred μW, which is a very low level compared to the maximum power of 10 mW required for communication technologies in current commercial systems. Accordingly, there is a growing need for new low-power communication technologies that can be used in various AIoT use cases.

[0050] FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram showing an example in which a low-power device (101) and a reader (100) transmit and receive signals (102, 103) in a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] In the following embodiments of the present disclosure, the reader (100) may refer to a entity that transmits and receives data with a low-power device (101). For example, the reader (300) may include a base station or a terminal. Additionally, the R2D (reader-to-device) transmission or AIoT downlink (downlink in the present disclosure) (102) may refer to a wireless transmission path for a signal transmitted by the reader (100) to the low-power device (101), and the D2R (device-to-reader) transmission or AIoT uplink (uplink in the present disclosure) (103) may refer to a wireless transmission path for a signal transmitted by the low-power device to the reader.

[0052] According to one embodiment, the reader (100) may instruct the D2R transmission (103) of the device (101) through the R2D transmission (102) or transmit information necessary for the operation of the device (101) or information necessary to update the state of the device (101).

[0053] According to one embodiment, the device (101) can perform status information of the device (101), reports on instructions from the reader (100), etc., through D2R transmission (103).

[0054] According to one embodiment, an AIoT device (e.g., device (101)) is a device that receives energy through energy harvesting and can use the following two methods to generate a signal to be transmitted to a reader (100). First, the device (101) can use backscattering communication to generate a signal by reflecting an incoming RF (radio frequency) signal from the outside to transmit data. At this time, for signal transmission from the device (101) to the reader (100) (i.e., the uplink of the AIoT system), the signal transmitted from the outside to the device (101) can be called a carrier wave. The carrier wave can be transmitted to the device (101) from a node outside the device (101). The device (101) can generate an uplink signal to be transmitted to the reader (100) by reflecting a CW signal from an external node. When based on backscattering communication, the device may not include a local oscillator (LO) in its internal structure. This can significantly reduce power consumption and device complexity.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the node to which the carrier can be transmitted may be a leader (i.e., a base station or a terminal) or a non-leader device (e.g., a non-leader base station, a terminal, or a carrier-only device). If the carrier node is a device other than a base station acting as a leader, the carrier node may be under network control.

[0056] FIG. 1b is a diagram illustrating the structure of a transmission signal in an A-IoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the structure of a transmission signal when transmitting a physical layer channel in an A-IoT system may include a preamble (110) that is transmitted at the front of the signal and can be used to determine the signal's start point and clock. Specifically, the preamble may include a start-indicator part (111) that can be used to indicate the signal's start point and a clock-acquisition part (112) that can be used to determine the clock to be used when receiving data. According to one embodiment, the structure transmitted prior to the A-IoT physical layer data (113) of the preamble can be utilized for both R2D transmission and D2R transmission.

[0058] According to one embodiment, a midamble or postamble, etc., may be added to the signal when transmitting a physical layer channel for various purposes to increase the accuracy of signal reception. In addition, these signals may be utilized for various purposes depending on the design and configuration of the signal, and the structure and use of the signal are not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1b.

[0059] According to one embodiment, signals transmitted through a physical layer channel in an A-IoT system may be composed of binary signals represented by a specific pattern. For example, the signals may be composed of an ON (1)-OFF (0) pattern. For convenience of explanation, the present disclosure exemplifies signals composed of an ON-OFF pattern, but this is not limited to such embodiments.

[0060] Devices containing LOs within their internal structure may experience degradation in signal transmission and reception quality due to Carrier Frequency Offsets (CFOs) that can occur within the LOs. For example, when receiving an R2D signal, data may not be accurately decoded due to the CFO. Similarly, when transmitting a D2R signal, the data signal may not be output accurately due to the CFO. To address these issues, the reader may include an additional signal in the R2D transmission to enable the device containing the LO to perform CFO calibration. However, this CFO calibration signal may be perceived by devices that do not contain an LO as a signal segment where data decoding is not required. Furthermore, for devices containing an LO, the decision to perform CFO calibration may vary depending on whether the CFO compensation signal is transmitted. In other words, the action the device must perform may differ depending on whether the CFO calibration signal is transmitted. Therefore, when transmitting an R2D signal, the reader can assist the device in determining its action in advance by notifying the device in advance whether the CFO calibration signal is being transmitted along with the signal. Similarly, the device may additionally transmit a specific signal to the reader, and if the reader is not always aware of whether such a signal is transmitted, the device may want to instruct the reader in advance whether the specific signal is included in the D2R signal.

[0061] The present disclosure provides various scenarios for a method and apparatus capable of indicating signal placement within a transmission signal when data transmission and reception occur between a reader and a device.

[0062] In the present disclosure, when data transmission and reception occur between a reader and a device, it may have been agreed in advance between the reader and the device that each data transmission always includes the start-indication part (111), clock-acquisition part (112), and data part (113) (PRDCH or PDRCH). However, the configuration of signals that may be essential to be included in the actual data transmission and reception between the reader and the device is not limited to the present disclosure, and specific signals may be added or removed.

[0063] The present disclosure describes a method and apparatus for indicating whether to transmit additional signals using a pre-agreed signal configuration when additional signals other than a pre-agreed signal configuration may be transmitted together between a reader and a device, and when the receiving end cannot know whether such signals are transmitted.

[0064] In the present disclosure, additional signals may be transmitted between the start-indicator part (111) and the clock-acquisition part (112) or between the clock-acquisition part (112) and the data part (113). In this case, additional signals may be transmitted at both locations or at only one of the two locations. Additionally, the locations of the examples are for convenience of explanation and the transmission locations of the additional signals are not limited to the examples provided.

[0065] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 2 illustrates the transmission timing of a pre-agreed signal that varies depending on whether an additional signal is transmitted when an additional signal other than a pre-agreed signal configuration is transmitted together between a reader and a device according to one embodiment.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 2, in this example, the transmission of the start-indicator part (201, 211), clock-acquisition part (202, 212), and data part (203, 213) may be a signal configuration agreed upon in advance between the reader and the device. The transmission end timing of the start-indicator part is T SI,end , the transmission start and end timings of the clock-acquisition part are T CA,start , T CA,end , the transmission start timing of the data part is T data, start It could be.

[0067] According to one embodiment, referring to FIG. 2(a), when data transmission consisting only of a pre-agreed signal occurs without the transmission of an additional signal, the transmission of the clock-acquisition part (202) may begin simultaneously with the termination of transmission of the start-indicator part (201). That is, T SI,end (204) = T CA,start (205) It may be the transmission end timing of the clock-acquisition part (202) T CA,end (206) and the transmission start timing of the Data part (203) is T Data,start (207) When the transmission of the data part (203) can begin simultaneously with the end of the transmission of the clock-acquisition part (202). That is, T CA,end (206) = T Data,start (207) may be. In another embodiment, a gap may exist between the two transmission timings, but this has not been considered in the present disclosure for convenience of explanation.

[0068] FIG. 2(b) illustrates an example of signal transmission timing that may occur when additional signals (218, 219) are transmitted in addition to the pre-agreed signal configuration. FIG. 2(b) is illustrated as showing both additional signals (218, 219) being transmitted, but this is not limited thereto, and only one of the two signals may be transmitted. When an additional signal (218) is transmitted between the Start-indicator part (211) and the Clock-acquisition part (212), T SI, end (214) and T CA, start (215) may have a time difference of at least the time of additional signal transmission. When an additional signal (219) is transmitted between the Clock-acquisition part (212) and the Data part (213), T CA, end (216) and T data, start (217) can have a time difference of at least as long as the additional signal transmission time.

[0069] According to one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), when an additional signal is transmitted in addition to a pre-agreed signal configuration, this may change the transmission timing of the pre-agreed signals. The receiving end may predict the transmission timing of each signal based on whether the additional signal is transmitted and perform a receiving operation accordingly. For example, the device may receive the additional signal and perform a CFO compensation operation, but if the additional signal is not transmitted in the actual R2D transmission, the device may confirm in advance that the additional signal is not transmitted and not perform the CFO compensation operation. For example, if the device cannot receive the additional signal and perform a CFO compensation operation, but the additional signal is transmitted in the actual R2D transmission, the device may confirm in advance that the additional signal is being transmitted and perform the existing operation by excluding the section for receiving the additional signal.

[0070] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 3 illustrates the transmission timing of the same prior-agreed signal regardless of whether an additional signal is transmitted, when an additional signal other than a prior-agreed signal configuration is transmitted together between a reader and a device.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 3, in this example, the transmission of the start-indicator part (301, 311), clock-acquisition part (302, 312), and data part (303, 313) may be a signal configuration agreed upon in advance between the reader and the device. The transmission end timing of the start-indicator part is T SI,end , the transmission start and end timings of the clock-acquisition part are T CA,start , T CA,end , the transmission start timing of the data part is T data, start It could be.

[0072] According to one embodiment, referring to FIG. 3(a), when data transmission consisting only of a pre-agreed signal occurs without the transmission of an additional signal, the transmission of the clock-acquisition part (302) may begin after a time difference equal to the length of the additional transmission signal has been maintained following the termination of the transmission of the start-indicator part (301). That is, T SI,end (304) and T CA,start The time difference between (305) may be an additional signal transmission time. The transmission end timing of the Clock-acquisition part (302) is T CA,end (304) and the transmission start timing of the Data part (303) is T Data,start(307) When the transmission of the clock-acquisition part (302) is finished, the transmission of the data part (313) can begin after a time difference equal to the length of the additional transmission signal. That is, T CA, end (316) and T Data, start The time difference between (317) may be an additional signal transmission time. In another embodiment, an additional gap may exist between the two transmission timings, but this has not been considered in this disclosure for convenience of explanation. In FIG. 3(a), two additional signals are shown being transmitted between the start-indicator (301) and the clock-acquisition part (302), and between the clock-acquisition part (302) and the data part (303), but this is not limited thereto, and only one of the two signals may be transmitted.

[0073] According to one embodiment, an additional signal transmitted between the Start-indicator part and the clock-acquisition part may help improve the accuracy of the reception operation for the clock-acquisition part and the subsequent reception operation for the data part; however, since it is not transmitted continuously with the data part containing actual data, it may be difficult to optimize the accuracy of the reception operation for the data part. An additional signal transmitted between the clock-acquisition part and the data part may help improve the accuracy of the reception operation for the data part, but performance degradation may occur due to inaccurate reception of the clock-acquisition part. If additional signals are transmitted at both locations, it may help improve the performance of the reception algorithms for both the clock-acquisition part and the data part, but the overhead caused by the transmission of additional signals may increase.

[0074] Figure 3(b) illustrates an example of signal transmission timing that may occur when additional signals (318, 319) are transmitted in addition to the pre-agreed signal configuration.

[0075] According to one embodiment, when an additional signal (318) is transmitted between the Start-indicator part (311) and the Clock-acquisition part (312), T SI, end (314) and T CA, start (315) The time difference between them may be the same as when no additional signal is transmitted. When an additional signal (319) is transmitted between the Clock-acquisition part (312) and the Data part (313), T CA, end (316) and T data, start(317) The interval between them may be the same as when no additional signal is transmitted. As shown in FIG. 3(a) and FIG. 3(b), when an additional signal is transmitted in addition to the pre-agreed signal configuration, this may not change the transmission timing of the pre-agreed signals. That is, the transmission timing of the pre-agreed signals may be set by considering the time interval in which the additional signal may be transmitted in advance, and if the additional signal is transmitted, the additional signal is transmitted in that interval, and if the additional signal is not transmitted, no transmission is performed in that interval, or a signal for other purposes may be transmitted. The receiving end may check whether the additional signal is transmitted and perform a corresponding receiving operation. For example, the device may receive the additional signal and perform a CFO compensation operation, but if the additional signal is not transmitted in the actual R2D transmission, the device may check in advance that the additional signal was not transmitted and not perform a CFO compensation operation during that interval. For example, if the device cannot perform the CFO compensation operation upon receiving an additional signal, but the additional signal is transmitted during the actual R2D transmission, the device can confirm in advance that the additional signal is being transmitted and perform the existing operation excluding the period during which the additional signal is received.

[0076] The following embodiments describe methods and scenarios for indicating the transmission of additional signals in addition to the configuration of pre-agreed signals. In this case, when additional signals are transmitted, the transmission timing of the signals may be added by changing or not changing the timing of the pre-agreed signals as described above. If multiple additional signals are transmitted, different timing setting methods may be used for each additional signal transmission location. Such methods for setting the transmission timing of pre-agreed signals are not limited to these examples, and various embodiments may be applied.

[0077] [Example 1: Case where the Start-indicator part indicates whether to transmit an additional signal]

[0078] The present embodiment may correspond to a method in which data transmission and reception occur between a reader and a device, and when the transmission of a start-indicator part is agreed upon in advance, the signal can be used to indicate the placement of signals within a subsequent transmission signal.

[0079] FIG. 4a is a diagram illustrating an example in which a start-indicator part of a transmission signal indicates whether to transmit an additional signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 4a illustrates an example in which, during data transmission between a reader and a device, a start-indicator part (401) indicates whether to transmit an additional signal between the start-indicator part (401) and the clock-acquisition part (402) (404), or between the clock-acquisition part (402) and the data part (403) (405).

[0080] According to one embodiment, the start indicator part may indicate the start of a transmitted signal and may be a signal that includes at least one ON (1) or OFF (0) transmission. For example, the start indicator part may include only one consecutive ON signal transmission and one consecutive OFF signal, wherein the durations of the ON and OFF signals may be the same or different. For example, the start indicator may include two or more consecutive ON signals or two or more consecutive OFF signals, wherein the durations of each ON and OFF signal may be the same or different. Additionally, an OFF signal may be included before the first ON signal transmitted so that the receiving end can recognize the first ON signal transmitted, and such OFF signal may or may not be included in the start indicator part.

[0081] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of R2D transmission in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure when the start-indicator part of a transmission signal indicates whether to transmit an additional signal. Specifically, FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment in which the transmission of the start-indicator part indicates the arrangement of signals within the subsequent transmission signal. FIG. 5 illustrates an example in which the transmission timing of pre-agreed signals (i.e., clock-acquisition part and data part) changes when the transmission of an additional signal occurs, but is not limited thereto, and the transmission timing of subsequent pre-agreed signals may be the same regardless of whether the additional signal is transmitted.

[0082] FIGS. 5(a) and FIGS. 5(b) may correspond to examples indicating whether to transmit an additional signal in a subsequent transmission based on the duration of the ON signal within the start-indicator part, when the start-indicator part consists of one ON signal and one OFF signal. Referring to FIGS. 5(a), if the ON duration within the start-indicator part (501) is longer than a certain standard, the receiving end determines that no additional signal will be transmitted in the subsequent transmission and can operate the receiving algorithm only for the agreed signal configurations (502, 503). Referring to FIGS. 5(b), if the ON duration within the start-indicator part (511) is shorter than a certain standard, the receiving end determines that an additional signal will be transmitted in the subsequent transmission and can operate the receiving algorithm for the agreed signal configurations (512, 514) and the additional signal (513). In this case, the standard for the ON duration may be agreed upon in advance between the device and the reader so that separate signaling is not required, or it may be a value pre-set before the transmission of the corresponding signal occurs.

[0083] FIGS. 5(c) and FIGS. 5(d) may correspond to examples indicating whether to transmit additional signals in a subsequent transmission according to the ON-OFF pattern within the start-indicator part when the start-indicator part consists of two or more ON or OFF signals. The start-indicator part of FIGS. 5(c) and FIGS. 5(d) may each contain two ON-OFF patterns.

[0084] Referring to FIG. 5(c), the start-indicator part (521) contains two ON-OFF patterns. If the ON duration of the preceding ON-OFF pattern is longer than the ON duration of the subsequent ON-OFF pattern, the receiving end determines that no additional signal will be transmitted in the subsequent transmission and can operate the receiving algorithm only for the agreed signal configurations (522, 523). Referring to FIG. 5(d), the start-indicator part (531) contains two ON-OFF patterns. If the ON duration of the preceding ON-OFF pattern is shorter than the ON duration of the subsequent ON-OFF pattern, the receiving end determines that an additional signal will be transmitted in the subsequent transmission and can operate the receiving algorithm for the agreed signal configurations (532, 534) and the additional signal (533). In this case, the information regarding the ON-OFF pattern of the start-indicator part and whether additional signals are transmitted accordingly may be information agreed upon in advance between the reader and the device and stored at the receiving end, or it may be configured in advance through signaling prior to the transmission of the corresponding signal. If one or more additional signals are transmitted, a wider variety of ON-OFF patterns may be applied to the start-indicator part to provide information regarding the transmission of multiple additional signals; the receiving end receives the start-indicator part to confirm the start of the signal and then checks information regarding the configuration of the subsequent signal transmission. For example, the additional signal may be a CFO compensation signal transmitted from the reader to the device for CFO compensation.

[0085] [Example 2: When the transmission of the clock-acquisition part indicates whether to transmit an additional signal]

[0086] The present embodiment may correspond to a method in which data transmission and reception occur between a reader and a device, and if the transmission of a clock-acquisition part is agreed upon in advance, the signal can be used to indicate the placement of signals within a subsequent transmission signal.

[0087] FIG. 4b is a diagram illustrating an example in which the clock-acquisition part of a transmission signal indicates whether to transmit an additional signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 4b illustrates an example in which the clock-acquisition part (411) and the data part (412) (413) indicate whether to transmit an additional signal during data transmission between a reader and a device.

[0088] Referring to FIG. 4b, the clock-acquisition part (411) can be used to determine the length of the chip representing the minimum time unit of the signals constituting the subsequent data part (412), and may be a signal that includes the transmission of at least two rising or falling edges.

[0089] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of R2D transmission in an AIoT system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when a gap interval of a transmission signal indicates whether to transmit an additional signal. Specifically, FIG. 6 illustrates an example of determining whether to transmit an additional signal in a subsequent transmission signal based on the existence of a gap between the start-indicator part and the clock-acquisition part of the transmission signal. FIG. 6 illustrates an example where the transmission timing of a pre-agreed signal (i.e., data part) differs depending on whether the transmission of an additional signal occurs or not, but is not limited thereto, and the transmission timing of subsequent pre-agreed signals may be the same regardless of whether the additional signal is transmitted. For example, the timing at which actual data transmission begins after the transmission of the clock-acquisition part ends may always be after the length of the additional transmission signal has elapsed.

[0090] According to one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6(a), the transmission of the clock-acquisition part (602) begins immediately after the transmission of the start-indicator part (601) is completed, and there may be no separate gap between the two transmissions. Through this, the receiving end determines that the transmission of an additional signal (603) will occur after the clock-acquisition part (602), and can operate a reception algorithm for the additional signal (603) after the reception of the clock-acquisition part (602) is finished. Additionally, a data reception algorithm can be operated for the subsequent data part (604).

[0091] According to one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6(b), the transmission of the clock-acquisition part (612) may begin after a certain time gap (613) has elapsed immediately after the transmission of the start-indicator part (611) is completed. At this time, information regarding the length of this gap (613) may be agreed upon in advance between the receiving end and the transmitting end. Alternatively, by setting a reference value for the length of the gap (613), it may be determined whether additional signals are transmitted through cases where the gap is longer or shorter than that length. The receiving end confirms that the length of the gap (613) between the start-indicator part (611) and the clock-acquisition part (612) exists or is longer than a certain reference, and through this, determines that no additional signals will be transmitted after the clock-acquisition part (612), and can operate a data reception algorithm for the data part.

[0092] [Example 3: Case where an indicator indicates whether to transmit an additional signal]

[0093] The present embodiment may correspond to a method in which data transmission and reception occur between a reader and a device, and when the transmission of a start-indicator part is agreed upon in advance, the signal can be used to indicate the placement of signals within a subsequent transmission signal.

[0094] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an indicator of a transmission signal indicates whether to transmit an additional signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an indicator (704, 705) transmitted after a start-indicator part (701) or a clock-acquisition part (702) during data transmission between a reader and a device indicates whether to transmit an additional signal (706, 707) that can be transmitted after each indicator.

[0095] According to one embodiment, the indicator is a signal not included in the start indicator or clock acquisition, and can indicate n-bit (n>=1) information using a specific ON-OFF pattern. In this case, the ON-OFF pattern may consist of at least one consecutive ON signal or at least one consecutive OFF signal.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 7, according to one embodiment, an indicator may be included in at least one of a first position (704) or a second position (705). An indicator included in the first position (704) may indicate whether to transmit at least one additional signal, such as an additional signal located at a third position (706) or an additional signal located at a fourth position (707). An indicator included in the second position (705) may indicate whether to transmit an additional signal located at the fourth position (707), and various variations may be possible depending on the embodiment regarding the transmission status of each indicator and the location of the additional signal indicated by each indicator.

[0097] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an indicator prior to the clock-acquisition part of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure indicates whether to transmit an additional signal. Specifically, FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example in which an indicator (804) transmitted after a start-indicator (801) indicates whether to transmit an additional signal (805) between the indicator (804) and the clock-acquisition part (802), and an additional signal (806) between the clock-acquisition part (802) and the data part (803). In this embodiment, whether to transmit an additional signal may not change the transmission timing of the pre-agreed signals (i.e., the start-indicator part, the clock-acquisition part, and the data part). If no additional signal is transmitted, no signal may be transmitted in the interval for transmitting the additional signal.

[0098] According to one embodiment, with reference to FIG. 8, indicators (804, 814, 824) can each use different ON-OFF patterns to indicate whether to transmit additional signals Signal A (805, 815, 825) and Signal B (206, 816, 826) at two locations. In this case, with reference to FIG. 8 (a), the additional signal Signal A (805) may be indicated as not to be transmitted by the indicator (804), and no signal transmission may occur in that section. With reference to FIG. 8 (b), the additional signal Signal A (815) may be indicated as not to be transmitted by the indicator (814), and no signal transmission may occur in that section.

[0099] FIG. 9 illustrates an example in which an indicator following the clock-acquisition part of a transmission signal in an AIoT system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure indicates whether to transmit an additional signal. Specifically, FIG. 9 illustrates an example in which an indicator (903, 913) transmitted after the clock-acquisition part (902, 912) indicates whether to transmit an additional signal (914) between the indicator (903, 913) and the data part (904, 915). In this embodiment, whether to transmit an additional signal can change the transmission timing of the pre-agreed signals (i.e., the start-indicator part, the clock-acquisition part, and the data part). If the additional signal is not transmitted, the pre-agreed signals may occur continuously.

[0100] According to one embodiment, with reference to FIG. 9, the indicator (903) of FIG. 9 (a) and the indicator (913) of FIG. 9 (b) can each indicate whether to transmit an additional signal (914) using different ON-OFF patterns. In this case, with reference to FIG. 9 (a), the additional signal may be indicated as not being transmitted, and the transmission of the data part (904) may follow immediately after the transmission of the indicator (903) ends. With reference to FIG. 9 (b), the additional signal (914) may be indicated as being transmitted by the indicator (913).

[0101] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of operation between a reader and a device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example in which, when a device (1001) receives an R2D transmission from a reader (1000) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a start-indicator part indicates whether to transmit an additional signal among the subsequent transmission signals.

[0102] According to one embodiment, the device can confirm the start of signal transmission through the start-indicator part and determine whether an additional signal is transmitted after the clock-acquisition part. In this case, the method of indicating whether an additional signal is transmitted may be indicated through the method described in the above example, or a variation or combination thereof, and the transmission location of the additional signal may also refer to one example of the above example or a variation or combination thereof, and is not limited to this example. In this example, the use of the additional signal may be a CFO compensation signal for CFO compensation, but the use of the additional signal is not limited thereto.

[0103] FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary method that may be implemented according to the principles of the present disclosure, and various modifications may be made to the method illustrated in FIG. 10. For example, although illustrated as a series of steps, the various steps in each figure may overlap, occur in parallel, occur in a different order, or occur multiple times. In other examples, steps may be omitted or replaced with other steps. In other examples, there may be additional steps omitted between the illustrated procedures.

[0104] In step 1002, the reader (1000) can perform an R2D transmission to the device (1001) that includes PRDCH, which is an R2D physical channel.

[0105] In step 1003, the device (1001) can use the start-indicator part of the R2D transmission to check for the start of the R2D transmission and determine whether to transmit additional signals.

[0106] In step 1004, the device (1001) can determine the chip duration of the subsequent data part using the clock-acquisition part of the R2D transmission.

[0107] In step 1005, the device (1001) can determine whether the CFO compensation signal is included in the currently received R2D transmission based on whether the additional signal determined in step 1003 is transmitted. If the CFO compensation signal is included in the R2D transmission, the device (1001) can perform step 1006. If the CFO compensation signal is not included in the R2D transmission, the device (1001) can perform step 1008.

[0108] In step 1006, if the R2D transmission includes a CFO compensation signal, the device (1001) may determine the necessity of the CFO compensation step. For example, if the device includes an LO, the device may want to compensate for the CFO using the CFO compensation step. The step for determining the necessity of this CFO compensation step may be determined in advance. If the device (1001) determines that the CFO compensation step is necessary, it may perform step 1007. If the device (1001) determines that the CFO compensation step is not necessary, it may perform step 1008.

[0109] In step 1007, if the device (1001) requires a CFO compensation step and the R2D transmission includes a CFO compensation signal, the device can perform a CFO compensation (calibration) step.

[0110] In step 1008, the device (1001) can decode the data of the data part included in the R2D transmission. At this time, if the device (1001) determines in step 1005 that the CFO compensation signal is not included, or if the device (1001) determines in step 1006 that the CFO compensation step is not necessary, the device (1001) can receive the PRDCH without performing the CFO compensation (calibration) step. If the device (1001) determines in step 1005 that the CFO compensation signal is included, and the device (101) determines in step 1006 that the CFO compensation step is necessary, the device (101) can receive the PRDCH based on improved CFO performance by performing the CFO compensation step.

[0111] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the structure of a low-power device in a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0112] Referring to FIG. 11, a device according to one embodiment may include a receiving unit (1100) of the device, a transmitting unit (1106) of the device, a memory (1104), and a device processing unit (or device control unit or processor) (1103).

[0113] According to one embodiment, in the case of a low-power device, at least one of an energy collection unit (1101) or an energy storage unit (1102) for supporting energy harvesting may be included.

[0114] According to one embodiment, when a device receives a CW transmitted from the outside and generates a D2R signal by reflecting it, a backscattering unit (1105) required for backscattering use may be included in the device, but is not limited thereto. For example, the device may generate a signal directly internally, and when the D2R signal is generated internally, the backscattering unit (1105) may not be included in the device, and an LO may be included.

[0115] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, a device transmitter (1106), a receiver (1100), an energy collection unit (1101), an energy storage unit (1102), a backscattering unit (1105), a memory (1104), and a device processing unit (1103) may operate according to the communication method of the device described above. For example, the device processing unit (or processor) (1103) may control the operation of the device according to each of the embodiments described above, as well as a combination of at least one embodiment, with reference to the drawings.

[0116] The components of the device according to the present disclosure are not limited to the example illustrated in FIG. 11. For example, the device may include more components or fewer components than those illustrated in FIG. 11. According to one embodiment, the transceiver (1100, 1102), memory (1104), and processor (1103) may be implemented in the form of a single chip.

[0117] According to one embodiment, the transceiver (1100, 1102) can transmit and receive signals with a reader. Here, the signal transmitted and received by the device with the reader through the transceiver (1100, 1102) may include at least one of control information and data. To this end, the transceiver (1100, 1102) may be composed of an RF transmitter that up-converts and amplifies the frequency of a transmitted signal, and an RF receiver that low-noise amplifies a received signal and down-converts the frequency, but is not limited thereto, and the components of the transceiver (1100, 1102) are not limited to an RF transmitter and an RF receiver.

[0118] According to one embodiment, the transceiver (1100, 1102) receives a signal through a wireless channel and outputs it to a processor (1103), and can transmit a signal output from the processing unit (1103) through a wireless channel.

[0119] According to one embodiment, the memory (1904) may store programs and data necessary for the operation of the device. Additionally, the memory (1104) may store at least one of control information or data included in signals transmitted or received by the device. According to one embodiment, the memory (1104) may be composed of a storage medium or a combination of storage media such as ROM, RAM, a hard disk, a CD-ROM, and a DVD. According to one embodiment, the memory (1104) may be a plurality of units.

[0120] According to one embodiment, the processing unit (1103) can control a series of processes so that the device can operate according to the above-described embodiment. For example, the processing unit (1103) may be one or a plurality of units, and the processing unit (1103) may perform component control operations of the device by executing a program stored in memory (1104).

[0121] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the structure of a reader in a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] The reader mentioned with reference to FIG. 12 may include a device that is included in a base station or terminal in a wireless communication system, or a device designed only for low-power communication devices.

[0123] Referring to FIG. 12, a reader according to one embodiment may include a receiving unit (1200) of the reader, a transmitting unit (1200, 1202) of the reader, a memory (not shown), and a processing unit (1201). In the present disclosure, the processing unit (1201) of the reader may be referred to as a 'reader processing unit', a 'reader control unit', or a 'processor'.

[0124] According to one embodiment, the transceiver (1200, 1202), memory, and reader processing unit (1201) of the reader may operate according to the communication method of the reader described above with reference to the drawings. For example, the reader processing unit (1201, or processor) may control the operation of the reader according to each of the embodiments described above with reference to the drawings, as well as a combination of at least one embodiment, but the components of the reader are not limited to the examples described above. For example, the reader may include more components or fewer components than the components shown in FIG. 12. According to one embodiment, the transceiver (1200, 1202), memory, and processor (1201) of the reader may be implemented in the form of a single chip.

[0125] According to one embodiment, the transceiver (1200, 1202) can transmit and receive signals with a device. Here, the signal transmitted and received by the reader with the device through the transceiver (1200, 1202) may include at least one of control information and data. To this end, the transceiver (1200, 1202) may be composed of an RF transmitter that up-converts and amplifies the frequency of a transmitted signal, and an RF receiver that low-noise amplifies a received signal and down-converts the frequency, but is not limited thereto, and the components of the transceiver (1200, 1202) are not limited to an RF transmitter and an RF receiver.

[0126] According to one embodiment, the transceiver (1200, 1202) receives a signal through a wireless channel and outputs it to a processing unit (1201), and can transmit the signal output from the processing unit (1201) through a wireless channel.

[0127] According to one embodiment, a memory (not shown) may store programs and data necessary for the operation of the reader. Additionally, the memory may store at least one of control information or data included in signals transmitted or received by the reader. According to one embodiment, the memory may be composed of a storage medium or a combination of storage media such as ROM, RAM, a hard disk, a CD-ROM, and a DVD. According to one embodiment, the reader may include a plurality of memories.

[0128] According to one embodiment, the processing unit (1201) can control a series of processes so that the reader can operate according to the embodiments of the present disclosure described above. The processing unit (1201) may be one or a plurality of units, and the processing unit (1201) can perform component control operations of the reader by executing a program stored in memory.

[0129] Methods according to the claims or embodiments described in the specification of the present disclosure may be implemented in the form of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0130] When various embodiments according to the present disclosure are implemented in software, a computer-readable storage medium may be provided for storing one or more programs (software modules). One or more programs stored in the computer-readable storage medium may be configured for execution by one or more processors in an electronic device. One or more programs may include instructions that cause the electronic device to execute methods according to the claims or embodiments described in the specification of the present disclosure.

[0131] Such programs (software modules, software) may be stored in random access memory, non-volatile memory including flash memory, ROM (Read Only Memory), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), magnetic disc storage devices, Compact Disc-ROM (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs), or other forms of optical storage devices, magnetic cassettes. Alternatively, they may be stored in memory composed of some or all of these. Additionally, each constituent memory may include multiple units.

[0132] Additionally, the program may be stored on an attachable storage device accessible via a communication network such as the Internet, Intranet, Local Area Network (LAN), Wide LAN (WLAN), or Storage Area Network (SAN), or a combination thereof. Such a storage device may be connected to a device performing an embodiment of the present disclosure through an external port. Additionally, a separate storage device on a communication network may be connected to a device performing an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0133] In the specific embodiments of the present disclosure described above, the components included in the embodiments are expressed in a singular or plural form according to the specific embodiments presented. However, the singular or plural expression is selected to suit the situation presented for convenience of explanation, and the present disclosure is not limited to singular or plural components; even if a component is expressed in the plural form, it may be composed of a singular form, and even if a component is expressed in the singular form, it may be composed of a plural form.

[0134] Meanwhile, the embodiments of the present disclosure disclosed in this specification and drawings are merely specific examples provided to facilitate the explanation of the technical content of the present disclosure and to aid in understanding the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations based on the technical concept of the present disclosure are possible. Furthermore, each of the above embodiments may be combined and operated together as needed.

Claims

1. Regarding a device in a wireless communication system, At least one transmitting unit; At least one processing unit communicatively coupled to the above at least one transmitting unit; and It includes at least one memory that is communicationally coupled to the above-mentioned at least one processing unit and stores instructions, and The above commands are executed individually or in any combination by the above at least one processing unit, so that the device: To receive from a reader a preamble for a PRDCH (physical reader-to-device channel) and an R2D (reader-to-device) transmission including the PRDCH, and A device in which the above preamble includes a signal indicating whether a calibration signal is included in the above R2D transmission.

2. In Paragraph 1, The above commands are for the above device: A device for identifying whether the compensation signal is included based on at least one of a start-indicator signal included in the preamble or a clock-acquisition signal included in the preamble.

3. In Paragraph 2, The above commands are for the above device: A device for identifying whether the compensation signal is included based on the pattern of the start-indicator signal.

4. In Paragraph 1, The above preamble includes a start-indicator signal and a clock-acquisition signal, and A device wherein the above compensation signal is positioned in at least one of the interval between the start-indicator signal and the clock-acquisition signal, the interval between the clock-acquisition signal and the PRDCH, or the interval after the point where the PRDCH ends.

5. Regarding a reader in a wireless communication system, At least one transmitting unit; At least one processing unit communicatively coupled to the above at least one transmitting unit; and It includes at least one memory that is communicationally coupled to the above-mentioned at least one processing unit and stores instructions, and The above commands are executed individually or in any combination by the above at least one processing unit, so that the reader: To the device, transmit a preamble for a PRDCH (physical reader-to-device channel) and an R2D (reader-to-device) transmission including the PRDCH, and A reader in which the above preamble includes a signal indicating whether a calibration signal is included in the above R2D transmission.

6. In Paragraph 5, A reader that indicates whether the compensation signal is included based on at least one of the start-indicator signal included in the preamble or the clock-acquisition signal included in the preamble.

7. In Paragraph 6, A reader in which whether the compensation signal is included is identified based on the pattern of the start-indicator signal.

8. In Paragraph 5, The above preamble includes a start-indicator signal and a clock-acquisition signal, and A leader in which the above compensation signal is placed in at least one of the interval between the start-indicator signal and the clock-acquisition signal, the interval between the clock-acquisition signal and the PRDCH, or the interval after the point where the PRDCH ends.

9. A method performed by a device in a wireless communication system, The method includes the step of receiving from a reader a preamble for a PRDCH (physical reader-to-device channel) and an R2D (reader-to-device) transmission including said PRDCH. A method in which the above preamble includes a signal indicating whether a calibration signal is included in the above R2D transmission.

10. In Paragraph 9, The above method is, A method further comprising the step of identifying whether the compensation signal is included based on at least one of a start-indicator signal included in the preamble or a clock-acquisition signal included in the preamble.

11. In Paragraph 10, The step of identifying whether the above compensation signal is included is, A method comprising the step of identifying whether the compensation signal is included based on the pattern of the start-indicator signal.

12. In Paragraph 9, The above preamble includes a start-indicator signal and a clock-acquisition signal, and A method in which the above compensation signal is placed in at least one of the interval between the start-indicator signal and the clock-acquisition signal, the interval between the clock-acquisition signal and the PRDCH, or the interval after the point where the PRDCH ends.

13. A method performed by a reader in a wireless communication system, The method includes the step of transmitting to a device a preamble for a PRDCH (physical reader-to-device channel) and an R2D (reader-to-device) transmission including said PRDCH. A method in which the above preamble includes a signal indicating whether a calibration signal is included in the above R2D transmission.

14. In Paragraph 13, A method in which whether the compensation signal is included is indicated based on at least one of a start-indicator signal included in the preamble or a clock-acquisition signal included in the preamble.

15. In Paragraph 14, A method in which whether the compensation signal is included is identified based on the pattern of the start-indicator signal.

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