Under-the-sink filtration system

Abstract

An integrated faucet filtration system operates a faucet assembly and a water filtration assembly, where the filtration which is sensor activated for predetermining filtration attributes. The filtration system can be operable by mechanical activation of a faucet, which does not require remote activation or push-button activation, and can be implemented without sacrificing countertop space, while prolonging the filter life because filtration is not activated when a higher percentage demand of cold water, or a demand for either mixed hot and cold water, or purely hot water is dispensed. Faucet activation works in tandem with a hot water sensor that determines if there is a hot water demand by the user.

Description

UNDER-THE-SINK FILTRATION SYSTEMBackground Of The Invention1. Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates generally to water filter systems, and in particular to systems mounted in close proximity to conventional water faucets. More particularly, the present invention relates to under-the-sink mounted filters for user-activated faucet applications in households.2. Description of Related Art

[0002] A water purification apparatus is typically a device used for filtering heavy metals, contaminants, and other foreign substances contained in water, which removal enables a user to drink clean, safe water, and in this regard, a water filter system is installed so that water can be filtered.

[0003] Faucets are ubiquitous plumbing products with the basic purpose of delivering hot, cold, or mixed water from a supply (such as tap water or well water) to a user. People often choose to install water filtration devices because tap water and well water often contain impurities such as chlorine and other contaminants that can affect flavor, appearance, and water safety. It is desirable to purify such water for human consumption. However, traditional filtration devices installed in faucet spouts can limit access to the sink, and adversely affect water flow. Additionally, water filtration systems installed under the sink deck tend to occupy expensive deck real estate from the main faucet if not applied in-line with the ingress water hose.

[0004] Water that is not adequately filtered and purified can contain microbial contaminants that present a threat as great as, or greater than, inorganic pollutants, for example, protozoa, which include the well-known Giardia, and the not-so-well-known Cryptosporidium. These protozoa have been detected in 90% of U.S. surface water. Giardia is relatively large and easy to catch, but Cryptosporidium is more likely to pass through units which depend upon filtration for parasite removal. A second category is bacteria. Bacteria include such commonly-known organisms as Campylobacter, E. coli, Vibrio cholera, and Salmonella. Inorganics, such as heavy metals, can also cause serious health issues. Drinking water contaminated with heavy metals, such as, arsenic, cadmium, nickel, mercury, chromium,zinc, and lead, is a major health concern for public and health care professionals. The nature of the filtration of drinking water is to remove or significantly reduce the adverse effects of these contaminants.

[0005] Drinking water for most household applications is provided through a sink faucet. When filtered drinking water is desired, it is typically delivered by: a) a separate faucet located at the sink having an in-line filtration device underneath the sink; b) a filtration device attached directly to the faucet, where the in-line filtration device is attached at the point of egress; or c) a filtration device attached underneath the sink in the main water feed line, which is most likely the cold water tap line.

[0006] A typical "separate" faucet design utilizes an in-line filter below the sink that feeds a smaller faucet than the main faucet. This design employs a water filter in-line usually with the cold water tap line for filtration of the more harmful contaminants. However, these solutions require a separate hole drilled into the countertop for installation, as well as other connection actions that users may find difficult and cumbersome. This is a well-known barrier to many would-be buyers of drinking water systems, as there is fear of damaging expensive countertops or making an irreversible change to sink tops or countertops. In addition, many consumers do not like the aesthetics of a second faucet, or the second faucet is not available in the decor of the main faucet.

[0007] Aside from a separate faucet design, another under-the-sink variation may include mounting a filtration device beneath a conventional countertop that accesses a faucet having hot and cold water controls. Generally, the filtration device is placed in-line with the cold-water feed tap, and filtered water is delivered anytime there is a demand for cold water. This type of operation adversely affects cold and mixed water flow, and degrades the longevity of the filter media. This configuration is situated to filter all cold water, regardless of whether its intended use is for drinking water or not. Furthermore, the filtration unit must be sized to handle the faucet flow (up to 2.5 gpm for typical kitchen use) and consequently requires a very large filter to accommodate flow and capacity requirements. Moreover, because of high flow rates and large capacity requirements, the performance claims are usually limited to aesthetic claims. And, pressure drop in the filter must be accounted for. Thus, the customer will often be able to see that the cold-water flow is diminished whenKXIN110189099compared to the hot water. As the filter plugs over time, the flow rate is further diminished, which is a source of customer dissatisfaction.

[0008] A filtration device attached at the point of egress of the faucet (end of tap style filters) also has similar detriments as an under-the-sink in-line filtration device. While in-line filtration can be employed to improve taste, odor, and water quality of the drinking water, it is generally not desirable to filter all the water being supplied through the faucet, hot or cold, when only a portion of cold water is used for drinking. Typically, the demand for nonfiltered water is greater than the demand for drinking water. However, in this configuration, the demand for non-filtered water will realize the slower flowrate of the in-line filter operation, which applies to both hot and cold lines, making the performance of this filtration application undesirable.

[0009] End-of-tap style filters can also dispense through a separate nozzle; however, these filters have limited popularity as consumers do not care for the aesthetics and decor of these configurations. Another limitation of this style filter is the trend in faucets to move to gooseneck style faucets that are not compatible with end of tap devices.

[0010] By controlling when the water is being filtered (i.e. filtering only the water used for drinking or cooking), filter life can be increased, superior performance claims can be made, the filter is able to be smaller and more environmentally friendly, the cost associated with replacing expensive filters can be reduced, and the user has positive feedback when the filtered water is delivered. Moreover, prior art solutions generally consider only activating the filtration device when there is a demand for filtered water.

[0011] One such solution is presented in U.S. Patent No. 10,675,573 issued to Culligan International Company, titled "REMOTE CONTROL FAUCET FILTER SYSTEM", wherein a faucet filter system is connected to a water supply line, and includes a manifold connectable to the supply line and providing selective fluid communication with the supply line and a filter apparatus in fluid communication with the manifold. At least one remote actuated valve is associated with the manifold and configured for controlling water flow in the manifold to the filter apparatus when filtered water is desired. A wireless controller is disposed remotely from the filter apparatus and the manifold and is configured for actuating the valve between a first position, in which water flows from the water supply conduitKXIN110189099through a faucet inlet, and a second position, in which water flows from the water supply conduit to the filter apparatus, and through the filter outlet and through the faucet inlet. Depending on the actuation of the valve, either filtered or unfiltered water is transmitted through a faucet spout.

[0012] This prior art design features the ability for remote user control of the system, and requires installation and / or operation of a separate faucet in an existing sink. By utilizing an electronically controlled valve, operated by a remotely located controller, water is directed to a filtering apparatus that is in flow communication with a manifold and the faucet.

[0013] Importantly, the remote controller is disposed on the countertop in close proximity to the faucet, but not connected to either the faucet or the manifold. The controller controls the system wirelessly, but must be accessible to a user at the faucet location. This is a battery-powered, near-field communication device, which has its own limitations on operation and requires an additional footprint for counterspace.Summary of the Invention

[0014] Bearing in mind the problems and deficiencies of the prior art, it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an integrated faucet filtration system that includes a faucet assembly and a water filtration assembly, which is sensor activated by a user for predetermining filtration attributes.

[0015] It is another object of the present invention to provide a filtration system operable by mechanical activation of a faucet, which does not require remote activation or pushbutton activation, and can be implemented without sacrificing countertop space.

[0016] It is yet another object of the present invention to provide an under-the-sink water filtration system that prolongs the filter life because filtration is not activated when nondrinking cold water and / or mixed water is dispensed.

[0017] Still other objects and advantages of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part be apparent from the specification.

[0018] The above and other objects, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, are achieved in the present invention which is directed to in a first aspect, a filtration system for a sink-mounted faucet comprising: at least one sensor in fluid communication with a hotKXIN110189099water supply line and a hot water main valve, and utilized for determining filtration activation, wherein the hot water originates from the hot water supply line; a filter having a filtration medium and in fluid communication with the cold-water supply line, wherein the filter is isolated from, but fluidly connected at a filter inlet to the cold-water supply line either directly or via a cold-water valve network, and fluidly connected at a filter outlet directing water flow to either a mixing chamber within the faucet or the cold-water valve network; and a controller in electrical or wireless communication with and controlling the cold-water valve network, reconfiguring water flow to direct either filtered or unfiltered cold water to the mixing chamber within the faucet, the controller in electrical or wireless communication with the at least one sensor, such that the at least one sensor signals the controller when there is a demand for hot water, and the controller controls the cold-water valve network and determines whether unfiltered or filtered water is dispensed through to the faucet based on hot water demand.

[0019] The controller is capable of registering / detecting demand for filtered water via input from the at least one sensor, and either directs cold water from the cold water supply line to the filter, or directs filtered water from the filter via the cold-water valve network to the mixing chamber of the faucet.

[0020] The at least one sensor may comprise a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, and / or a flow switch.

[0021] The cold-water valve network is configured to comprise either one inlet and two outlets, or two inlets and one outlet. The cold-water valve network may include first and second electro-valves or magnetic flow switches or any combination thereof.

[0022] The cold-water valve network may be configured to receive input from the cold water supply line and deliver cold water to either the mixing chamber within the faucet or to the filter, or the cold-water network valve may be configured to receive input from either the cold water supply line, or input from the filter, and delivers water to the mixing chamber within the faucet.

[0023] The at least one sensor may be placed upstream of the hot water main valve, downstream of the hot water main valve and upstream of the mixing chamber, or adjacent to the mixing chamber.KXIN110189099

[0024] The at least one sensor may comprise a first and second sensor, the first sensor placed upstream of the hot water main valve, and the second sensor placed either upstream or adjacent to the mixing chamber.

[0025] The at least one sensor is in communication with the cold-water valve network in the form of a mechanical shuttle valve, the shuttle valve capable of opening or closing filter bypass water flow, the at least one sensor sensing hot water demand which causes the filtration system to bypass filtration mode. The shuttle valve may have a single input to receive cold water from the cold-water supply line and two outputs, a first output to direct cold water to the filter, and a second output to direct cold water to the mixing chamber, or it may have two inputs and a single output, including a first input for receiving cold water from the cold water supply line, and a second input for receiving filtered water from the filter, and the single output for delivering water to the mixing chamber of the faucet.

[0026] The controller may be in indirect communication with the faucet, wherein the faucet signals a demand for cold water, hot water, or a mix of cold and hot water, and the at least one sensor communicates a hot water demand to the controller.

[0027] The demand for cold water can be initiated by a user operating a handle of the faucet, wherein the handle is adjustable and signals a percentage of cold water flow to the controller, such that a lower, predetermined percentage of cold water demand initiates filtration, directing filtered water from the filter to the faucet. And when the predetermined percentage of cold water demand exceeds the lower, predetermined percentage of cold water, the controller redirects water in a bypass water flow to remove the filtration system from filtering cold water.

[0028] The faucet handle may signal a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when the faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to twenty degrees (20°) or greater than zero degrees (0°) to ten degrees (10°).

[0029] In a second aspect, the present invention is directed to a method for initiating water filtration for a faucet-mounted system comprising: sensing a hot water demand from a user operating the faucet-mounted system by providing at least one sensor in fluid communication with a hot water supply line, the hot water originating from the hot waterKXIN110189099supply line; and sending a signal from the at least one sensor to a controller when the user initiates a hot water demand, the controller in electrical or wireless communication with and controlling a cold-water valve network; reconfiguring water flow to direct either filtered or unfiltered cold water to a mixing chamber of the faucet; determining whether unfiltered or filtered water is dispensed through the faucet, based on the hot water demand; and sending instructions to the valve network to dispense water to the faucet.

[0030] The method further includes sending a signal to the controller via the faucet identifying a demand for cold water, hot water, or a mix of cold and hot water.

[0031] Additionally, the method includes initiating the demand for cold water by the user operating a handle of the faucet; and adjusting the handle to signal a level of cold water demand to the controller, wherein the level of cold water demand represents a percentage of cold water flow requested by the user, such that a lower, predetermined percentage of cold water demand initiates filtration, directing cold water from the filter to the faucet.

[0032] The method includes initiating bypass water flow to remove the filtration system from filtering cold water when the demand for cold water exceeds the lower, predetermined percentage of cold water flow.

[0033] The method may signal a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when the faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to twenty degrees (20°).

[0034] The method may signal a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when the faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to ten degrees (10°).Brief Description of the Drawings

[0035] The features of the invention believed to be novel and the elements characteristic of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The figures are for illustration purposes only and are not drawn to scale. The invention itself, however, both as to organization and method of operation, may best be understood by reference to the detailed description which follows taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

[0036] Fig. 1 depicts an under-the-sink traditional full-flow filtration system;KXIN110189099

[0037] Fig. 2 depicts water flow configuration of the under-the-sink traditional full-flow filtration system of Fig. 1;

[0038] Fig. 3 A depicts a water flow diagram of a standard hot / cold faucet with filter bypass plumbing and electro-valves for water flow redirecting;

[0039] Fig. 3B depicts an alternate configuration of Fig. 3B where the cold water input to the filter is delivered directly from the cold water supply line via a conduit, and the output of the filter is directed to the cold water valve network for further direction to the mixing chamber;

[0040] Fig. 4A depicts an embodiment of the invention where sensor data is obtained from a single sensor placed downstream of the main valve, and prior to the check valve;

[0041] Fig. 4B depicts an alternate configuration of Fig. 4A where the cold water input to the filter is delivered directly from the cold water supply line via a conduit, and the output of the filter is directed to the cold water valve network for further direction to the mixing chamber;

[0042] Fig. 5A, depicts an embodiment of the invention where sensor data is derived from a sensor placed downstream of a check valve just prior to exiting the faucet to channel water;

[0043] Fig. 5B depicts an alternate configuration of Fig. 5 A, where the cold water input to filter is delivered directly from the cold water supply line via a conduit, and the output of the filter is directed to the cold water valve network for further direction to the mixing chamber;

[0044] Fig. 6A is a flow diagram of a filtration configuration where comparative data from two or more sensors is utilized, and the sensors are located upstream of the main valve, between the main valve and the check valve, or after the check valve;

[0045] Fig. 6B depicts an alternate configuration of Fig. 6A, where the cold water input to filter is delivered directly from the cold water supply line via a conduit, and the output of the filter is directed to the cold water valve network for further direction to the mixing chamber;

[0046] Fig. 7 depicts a cross-sectional view of a typical magnetic flow switch;KXIN110189099

[0047] Fig. 8A depicts an embodiment where a pressure sensor is placed in-line with the hot water conduit and may be used to locate a mechanical shuttle valve, which either opens or closes the filter bypass flow;

[0048] Fig. 8B depicts an alternate configuration of Fig. 8 A, where the cold water input to filter is delivered directly from the cold water supply line via a conduit, and the output of the filter is then directed to the cold water valve network (here, shown as a mechanical shuttle valve) for further direction to the mixing chamber;

[0049] Fig. 9 depicts the modified under-the-sink configuration of Fig. 1 with the implementation of a filtration concept of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 10 is an exploded view of a vanity for housing an embodiment of the filtration system of the present invention;

[0051] Fig. 11 depicts exemplary components of the filtration system installed in the vanity ofFig. 10;

[0052] Fig. 12 depicts an embodiment of the mechanical activation by the faucet handle shown in varying degrees of handle extension, designed and configured to correlate with restricting the water flow (gpm); and

[0053] Fig. 13 depicts one operation of the mechanical faucet handle-initiated activation of the filtration system.Description of the Preferred Embodiment(s)

[0054] In describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention, reference will be made herein to Figs. 1 - 13 of the drawings in which like numerals refer to like features of the invention.

[0055] Embodiments of the present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.KXIN110189099

[0056] It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms "include" and / or "including", "comprise" and / or "comprising", when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0057] Relative terms such as "below," "above," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "rear," "front," "side," or the like may be used herein to describe a relationship of one element or component to another element or component as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that these terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

[0058] Additionally, in the subject description, the words "exemplary," "illustrative," or the like are used to mean serving as an example, instance or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" or "illustrative" is not necessarily intended to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or design. Rather, use of the words "exemplary" or "illustrative" is merely intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion.

[0059] According to embodiments of the present invention, an integrated faucet filtration system having a faucet assembly and a water filtration assembly is presented.

[0060] Fig. 1 depicts an under-the-sink traditional full-flow filtration system 10. In this traditional design, the full-flow filtration system 10 is shown mounted beneath a conventional countertop and underneath a sink 11, bearing a faucet (not shown) having hot and cold water controls and a spout.

[0061] Cold water ingress pipe 12 is connected to conduit 14, which attaches to the ingress port 16 of the manifold top portion of filter 18. Filter egress port 20 extends from theKXIN110189099manifold top portion of filter 18 and connects to conduit 22, which attaches to a faucet manifold (not shown). Hot water ingress pipe 22 connects to conduit 26, which also attaches to the faucet manifold (not shown). The conduits are contemplated as being flexible tubing made of material suitable for carrying hot temperature water as well as treated drinking water.

[0062] The hot / cold water is mixed within a mixing chamber within the faucet manifold before exiting the faucet outlet. The filtration system manifold is connected to the cold water system and is in fluid communication with the cold-water supply line. In the present application, "manifold" will be understood to refer to any type of fluid connector having a diverter feature, including but not limited to, unitary housings as well as independent valves and separate components plumbed together with tubing, piping, or other flow conduits.

[0063] A number of solutions may be considered in order to bypass the filter when there is no demand for hot water. In such instances, if there is no hot water flow present, or no hot water demand, a dual valve can route the input water flow to the filtration device, and hot water flow (or in some instances, cold water flow) would bypass the filter.

[0064] Fig. 2 depicts water flow configuration of the under-the-sink traditional full-flow filtration system of Fig. 1. Hot water ingress pipe or conduit 22 (depicted by a directional arrow representing hot water flow) and cold water ingress pipe or conduit 12 (depicted by a directional arrow representing cold water flow) are each regulated by respective manual valves 28, 30. The valves may be part of the faucet manifold and are independently operational during hot and cold water flow, respectively. Each valve feeds the mixing chamber 32, all of which are typically configured within the faucet hardware, and ultimately the hot water, cold water, or mixed water exists the faucet outlet 34.

[0065] Fig. 3 A depicts a water flow diagram of a standard hot / cold faucet with filter bypass plumbing and electro-valves for water flow redirecting.

[0066] In this configuration, hot water feed 40 (represented by the directional arrow depicting water flow) is regulated by a main, manual hot water valve 42, which feeds conduit 44 through sensor 58. Sensor 58 is typically a water flow sensor or other sensortechnology device (e.g., pressure sensor, flow switch, etc.), detecting the presence (demand) for the hot water. In this embodiment, sensor 58 is depicted downstream of the manual hotKXIN110189099water valve 42. Ultimately, the hot water is introduced into a mixing chamber 48, which typically resides within the faucet manifold, but may be located under the sink outside the faucet manifold. In this configuration, a separate controller 50 is implemented to control the dual-side cold water valve network having, for example, valves 52, 54 for reconfiguring the water flow in order to direct water to, or bypass water away from, filter 56. In this embodiment, the cold water valve network has a single input from the cold water supply line 60 and two outputs, a first output 53 to the mixing chamber 48 and a second output 55 to the input of filter 56. Typically, controller 50 is an electronic controller that is hardwired to a cold-water valve network, shown here as electro-valves 52, 54, but the controller may also be in wireless communication with the electro-valves. Depending upon the embodiments described herein, the cold-water valve network may include a single input and multiple outputs, or a single output and multiple inputs. A flow sensor, pressure sensor, or flow switch, 58, is situated in-line with the hot water conduit 44 prior to mixing chamber 48, and shown here placed downstream of valve 42. Sensor 58 is in electrical communication with controller 50, signaling the controller when there is a hot water demand.

[0067] An important feature of the present system is that the controller 50 controls components of the cold water valve network such that selective fluid communication is provided between the water supply lines 40, 60 and the inlet of filter 56. In other words, actuation of the controller provides the user with the ability to determine whether unfiltered or filtered water is dispensed through the faucet.

[0068] One of the valves of the cold-water valve network receives input from the cold-water feed pipe 60 (shown here for exemplary purposes only as electro-valve 52). Controller 50 has the option, depending upon the cold-water demand, to send ingress cold water to mixing chamber 48 or to redirect the cold water to have cold-water flow to filter 56, having an output connected to the mixing chamber 48 for ultimately dispersing through faucet 62. If hot water or mixed water is selected by the user, sensor 58 will register hot water flow, and provide corresponding input to controller 50. In this scenario, the cold-water valve network is configured such that the system is not in, or removed from, filtration mode.

[0069] In the first embodiment, depicted in Fig. 3, the bypass network and / or the filter network will be part of the flow stream under certain demand circumstances. The sensorKXIN110189099data is generated from a single pressure sensor 58 shown downstream of the hot water main (manual) valve 42.

[0070] As an alternative embodiment to Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3B depicts a configuration where the cold water input to filter 56 is delivered directly from the cold water supply line 60 via conduit 65. The output of filter 56 is then directed to the cold water valve network (here, shown as being directed to electro-valve 54) for further direction to the mixing chamber 48.

[0071] In another embodiment depicted in Fig. 4A, where sensor data derived from at least one sensor 58b placed upstream of hot water valve 42 is utilized to determine filtration activation.

[0072] If there is a demand for water and the sensor does not register any hot water flow, the demand is predominantly for cold water. Consequently, the controller 50 will register / detect that the user desires filtered water, and activate the cold-water network valve 57, where cold water through feed line 60 is then redirected to filter 56. Filtered water is then directed to mixing chamber 48 via conduit 63. Once again, in a similar fashion to the embodiment of Fig. 3A, the cold water valve network includes a single input and two outputs for this configuration.

[0073] As an alternative embodiment to Fig. 4A, Fig. 4B depicts a configuration where the cold water input to filter 56 is delivered directly from the cold water supply line 60 via conduit 65. The output of filter 56 is then directed to the cold water valve network for further direction to the mixing chamber 48.

[0074] As depicted in Fig. 5A, sensor data may also come from a sensor 58c placed adjacent the faucet 62, may be within, or prior to (upstream), the mixing chamber 48.

[0075] As an alternative embodiment to Fig. 5A, Fig. 5B depicts a configuration where the cold water input to filter 56 is delivered directly from the cold water supply line 60 via conduit 65. The output of filter 56 is then directed to the cold water valve network (shown here, for exemplary purposes, as being directed to electro-valve 54) for further direction to the mixing chamber 48.KXIN110189099

[0076] In these embodiments, the demand for filtered water is differentiated from the demands for cold or hot water alone, or from the demand of a predetermined (more significant) amount of hot water.

[0077] Conversely, as depicted in Fig. 6A, comparative data from two or more sensors 58d,e may be utilized, where the sensors are located upstream of the main valve, between the main valve and the mixing chamber 48, to assist the controller in determining the type of water demand in order to channel the water using the dual-side electro-valves. In this embodiment, cold-water network valve 57 directs cold water to filter 56, which in turn sends filtered water via conduit 63 to the mixing chamber 48.

[0078] As an alternative embodiment to Fig. 6A, Fig. 6B depicts a configuration where the cold water input to filter 56 is delivered directly from the cold water supply line 60 via conduit 65. The output of filter 56 is then directed to the cold-water valve network for further direction to the mixing chamber 48.

[0079] In all instances, mechanical valves may be replaced with electronic valves, and vice versa, and an electronic interface may be employed to bypass the filter or redirect water flow to the filter as part of the flow stream. Electro-valves may be magnetic flow switches 80 as illustrated in Fig. 7.

[0080] A magnetic flow switch 80 operates based on the principle that a moving fluid within a pipe can cause a magnetically attached paddle or vane to move, which then triggers a switch mechanism via a magnet attached to the paddle, essentially signaling the presence or absence of flow within the pipe. This change in position activates an electrical contact, allowing for monitoring and control of the fluid flow.

[0081] In a separate configuration, as depicted in Fig. 8A, a sensor 70 (e.g., a pressure sensor) is placed in-line with the hot water input supply line 72. Sensor 70 is in electrical communication with a mechanical shuttle valve or spool valve 74, which either opens or closes the filter bypass flow. A shuttle valve is a type of valve which allows fluid to flow through it from one of two sources. Generally, a shuttle valve permits free flow at the highest operating pressure. In this embodiment, the shuttle valve 74 has a single input (the cold water supply line) and two outputs, one which directs the cold water to the mixing chamber 48 or another which directs the cold water through the filter 56. Filter water is then flowedKXIN110189099to the mixing chamber via conduit 63. The sensor (flow meter, pressure sensor, or switch) on the hot water side is used to sense hot water demand, which allows the water to be channeled by the shuttle valve 74.

[0082] As an alternative embodiment to Fig. 8A, Fig. 8B depicts a configuration where the cold water input to filter 56 is delivered directly from the cold water supply line via conduit 65. The output of filter 56 is then directed to the cold water valve network (here, shown as a mechanical shuttle valve) for further direction to the mixing chamber 48. In this configuration, mechanical shuttle valve has two inputs and a single output to the mixing chamber 48.

[0083] If a pressure sensor is used, the sensor is preferably located within the flow stream where it can reliably detect a difference in measurable conditions during flow-on or flow-off operation.

[0084] Typically, the flow system has line pressure from a municipal supply. A main valve into the building structure opens and closes to allow for water flow. At the other end of the flow configuration, the mixing chamber and faucet valve are located just prior to the exit from the faucet. Redirecting water flow under the sink requires the main valve to allow water to flow into the building and to the sink, and assessing the user demand for the type of water desired - hot, cold, mixed, or filtered.

[0085] During a static OFF condition, the water pressure upstream of the main valve is high. The pressure downstream is low. Pressure measured after the mixing chamber or faucet valve is generally equalized with atmospheric pressure, while pressure upstream is atmospheric pressure plus the "crack-pressure" of the valve. Valve cracking pressure is the minimum upstream pressure differential required to initiate the first detectable flow through the valve, typically ranging from 1 to 5 psi but sometimes as low as 1 inch of water. It represents the force necessary to overcome the internal spring, poppet weight, or sealing mechanism.

[0086] During transition from no-flow to dynamic-flow condition, the pressures change. The water pressure upstream of the main flow valve drops significantly. Water pressure prior to the check valve increases to overcome the crack-pressure of the check valve, thus allowing water to pass (flow). Water pressure downstream of the check valve increases fromKXIN110189099atmospheric pressure by just a fraction, depending upon the flow-rate and flow-restrictions leading out of the plumbed system.

[0087] A user interface may be in communication with the electronic controller via a switch to initiate the electro-valve operation.

[0088] Fig. 9 depicts the modified under-the-sink configuration of Fig. 1 with the implementation of an embodiment of the filtration concept of the present invention.

[0089] In a similar manner to Fig. 1, cold water ingress pipe 12 is operated by a manual valve, and connected to conduit 14 via valve 31, attaching to the ingress port 16 of the top manifold portion of filter 18. Egress port 20 of the top manifold portion of filter 18 connects to conduit 22, which attaches to either a faucet manifold or directly to a filtered water spout (not shown). Hot water ingress pipe is operated by a manual valve 23, and connects to conduit 26. Conduit 26 attaches to the faucet manifold (not shown). The conduits are contemplated as being flexible tubing made of material suitable for carrying treated drinking water.

[0090] A flow meter 24 is attached on the hot water conduit 26, and monitors the water flow therein. In one operational embodiment, if there is no flow registered by flow meter 24 on the hot water conduit, valve 31 is placed in the "filter" position to direct water flow from the cold-water ingress pipe 12 to filter 18. In this scenario, if a user demands filtered water, only a cold-water call needs to be activated. If, however, water flow is detected in the flow meter 24, registering a hot water demand, valve 31 is placed in a "utility" position, which allows a user to draw hot water or mixed hot / cold water on call.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the controller may be initiated mechanically by operating the faucet. Fig. 10 is an exploded view of a vanity 70 for housing an embodiment of the filtration system of the present invention. At least one wall, here depicted by back wall 72 of vanity 70, is utilized for mounting the filtration system. Faucet mechanism 74 is attached to sink / countertop 76 during installation. As depicted in Fig. 10, in this embodiment only the typical three holes 78 in the sink / countertop are necessary for operation of the filtration system. There is no need for a separate port for a filtered waterspout.

[0092] Fig. 11 depicts exemplary components of the filtration system installed in vanity 70. On the hot water side, connector 80 attaches conduit 82 to the faucet hot water conduit 84.KXIN110189099Typically, the conduit is 3 / 8" tubing, but the tubing may be larger or smaller depending upon the flow requirements, and the interfacing faucet manifold. Conduit 82 extends to sensor 85, and on to the hot water source through conduit 87. On the cold-water side, the cold water source enters vanity 70 through conduit 86. An electro-valve 88 is configured inline with conduit 86 and is in fluid communication at one end 90 to conduit 92 leading to an ingress port 93 of filter 94, and at the other end 96 is in fluid communication with conduit 98, which leads to an input 102 of T-connector 100. One exit 104 of the T-connector 100 extends via conduit 106 to the faucet connection 110. The other exit 108 of T-connector 100 extends to the egress port 95 of filter 94 through conduit 109. Electro-valve 88 is in electrical communication with, and subject to the mechanical activation of, the faucet.

[0093] In one embodiment of the mechanical activation by the faucet handle 75, Fig. 12 depicts faucet 74 shown in varying degrees of handle 75 extension, designed and configured to correlate with restricting the water flow (gpm). In this embodiment, as the handle is rotated in the direction of arrow "A", water flow is increased through the faucet spout 77.

[0094] Depending upon the amount of water flow desired, and whether cold water or mixed water is in demand, the filtration system sensor 85 will detect a hot water call, or the absence thereof, and determine if the cold water should be redirected to the filter 94.

[0095] The graph of Fig. 13 illustrates the flow rate as a function of faucet handle position.

[0096] Fig. 13 depicts one operation of the mechanical faucet handle 75 initiated activation of the filtration system. The rotation of faucet handle 75 in the direction of arrow "B", perpendicular to rotation of arrow A, adjusts the temperature of the water on demand. As indicated by the temperature percentage demand, the varying rotational positions of handle 75 will present a call for the desired water temperature. In the case of a pure cold-water demand, as shown in curve "C", if the measured flow is less than a predetermined amount of gallons per minute (gpm) as sensed by sensor 85, the water will be redirected through the filter, and filtered water will exit the faucet. The filtration system logistics is made aware that cold water in low flow is on demand, and assumes this is a call for filtered water. In this manner, filtered water is only present when the user declares such use based on the demand of low, cold water flow.KXIN110189099

[0097] For a mixed water demand, even if a minute amount of hot water is sensed as flowing, it is still possible for the system to be in filtration mode and deliver filtered water to the faucet. The lower portion of curve "D" depicts the change in temperature of the mixed flow, and designates the coldest demand (as a function of handle position) to be a filtered water call.

[0098] In this embodiment, the faucet handle signals the conversion from filtered water to a hot / cold mix at approximately just greater than zero degrees (0°) to twenty degrees (20°), or more preferably from 0° to 10° of faucet rotation. The system shown is dependent upon flow rate as an indicator whether filter water is desired. In a combination or mixed flow, there is no restriction on the filtration logistics for hot water flow; however, cold water flow is restricted insomuch as a lower flow may trigger a redirection of water through the filter.

[0099] It should be noted that while a flow sensor is utilized, other sensing technology that can correlate to flow rate can also be adapted without sacrificing the operational capability of the filtration system.

[0100] The present invention is adaptable to any under-the-sink system, and may be a standalone system for installation into an already existing under-the-sink fluid network.

[0101] The present invention identifies a filtration system for a sink-mounted faucet that includes at least one sensor in fluid communication with a hot water supply line and a hot water check valve, and is utilized for determining filtration activation, wherein hot water is activated by the hot water check valve. A mixing chamber is in fluid communication with the hot water supply line and a cold water supply line for mixing hot water and cold water prior to egress through the faucet (the cold water originating from said cold-water supply line).

[0102] The system includes a filter having a filtration medium and in fluid communication with the cold-water supply line, wherein the filter is isolated from, but fluidly connected at a filter inlet to the cold-water supply line and fluidly connected at a filter outlet to the faucet via a conduit.

[0103] A controller is introduced, which is in electrical or wireless communication with, and is adapted to control, a cold-water valve network, capable of reconfiguring water flow to direct water to, or bypass water away from the filter, the controller being in electrical orKXIN110189099wireless communication with the at least one sensor, such that the at least one sensor signals the controller when there is a demand for hot water, and the controller controls components of the cold-water valve network such that selective fluid demand is provided between the hot water supply line and the cold water supply line, which determines whether unfiltered or filtered water is dispensed through the faucet.

[0104] In one embodiment, the controller is in communication with the faucet, wherein the faucet signals to the controller a demand for cold water, hot water, or a mix of cold and hot water.

[0105] The demand for cold water is initiated by a user operating a handle of the faucet, wherein the handle is adjustable and signals a percentage of cold water flow demand to the controller, such that a lower, predetermined percentage of cold water demand initiates filtration, directing cold water from the filter to the faucet.

[0106] If the demand for cold water exceeds the lower, predetermined percentage of cold water flow, the controller initiates bypass water flow to remove the filtration system from filtering cold water.

[0107] A method of operation is supported by the aforementioned filtration system where the mechanical activation of a faucet works in tandem with a hot water sensor to indicate flow and determine a demand for filtered water based on the desired temperature and flow of the call for water.

[0108] Such a method for initiating water filtration requires sensing a hot water demand from a user operating a faucet-mounted system by providing at least one sensor in fluid communication with a hot water supply line and a hot water check valve, such that hot water is activated by the hot water check valve, the hot water originating from the hot water supply line; and sending a signal from a sensor to a controller when the user initiates a hot water demand, the controller being in electrical or wireless communication with and controlling a cold-water valve network, capable of reconfiguring water flow to direct water to, or bypass water away from a filter, the controller in electrical or wireless communication with the sensor, such that the sensor signals the controller, and the controller controls the valve network to determine whether unfiltered or filtered water is dispensed through the faucet, based on the hot water demand or lack thereof.KXIN110189099

[0109] The method further includes sending a signal to the controller via the faucet, which identifies a user demand for cold water, hot water, or a mix of cold and hot water.

[0110] In this embodiment, the user initiates the demand for cold water by operating a handle of the faucet or other adjustable mechanism, and adjusts the handle to signal a level of cold water demand to the controller, wherein the level of cold water demand represents a percentage of cold water flow requested by the user, such that a lower, predetermined percentage of cold water demand initiates filtration, directing cold water from said filter to said faucet, and a higher percentage of cold water flow demand requested by the user indicates that water filtration is not desired. Moreover, if the sensor senses a hot water demand, either direct hot water or a mixture of cold and hot water, water filtration is bypassed.

[0111] While the present invention has been particularly described, in conjunction with a specific preferred embodiment, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is therefore contemplated that the appended claims will embrace any such alternatives, modifications and variations as falling within the true scope and spirit of the present invention.KXIN110189099

Claims

Claims1. A filtration system for a sink-mounted faucet comprising:at least one sensor in fluid communication with a hot water supply line and a hot water main valve, and utilized for determining filtration activation, wherein said hot water originates from said hot water supply line;a filter having a filtration medium and in fluid communication with said cold-water supply line, wherein said filter is isolated from, but fluidly connected at a filter inlet to said cold-water supply line either directly or via a cold-water valve network, and fluidly connected at a filter outlet directing water flow to either a mixing chamber within said faucet or said cold-water valve network; anda controller in electrical or wireless communication with and controlling said cold-water valve network, reconfiguring water flow to direct either filtered or unfiltered cold water to said mixing chamber within said faucet, said controller in electrical or wireless communication with said at least one sensor, such that said at least one sensor signals said controller when there is a demand for hot water, and said controller controls said cold-water valve network and determines whether unfiltered or filtered water is dispensed through to said faucet based on hot water demand.

2. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said controller is capable of registering / detecting demand for filtered water via input from said at least one sensor, and either directs cold water from said cold water supply line to said filter, or directs filtered water from said filter via said cold-water valve network to said mixing chamber of said faucet.

3. The filtration system of claim 2 wherein said at least one sensor comprises a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, and / or a flow switch.

4. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said cold-water valve network is configured to comprise either one inlet and two outlets, or two inlets and one outlet.

5. The filtration system of claim 4 wherein said cold-water valve network includes first and second electro-valves or magnetic flow switches or any combination thereof.KXIN1101890996. The filtration system of claim 4 wherein said cold-water valve network receives input from said cold water supply line and delivers cold water to either said mixing chamber within said faucet or to said filter.

7. The filtration system of claim 4 wherein said valve network receives input from either said cold water supply line, or input from said filter, and delivers water to said mixing chamber within said faucet.

8. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said at least one sensor is placed upstream of said hot water main valve.

9. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said at least one sensor is placed downstream of said hot water main valve and upstream of said mixing chamber.

10. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said at least one sensor is placed adjacent to said mixing chamber.

11. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said at least one sensor comprises a first and second sensor, said first sensor placed upstream of said hot water main valve, and said second sensor placed either upstream or adjacent to said mixing chamber.

12. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said at least one sensor is in communication with said cold-water valve network in the form of a mechanical shuttle valve, said shuttle valve capable of opening or closing filter bypass water flow, said at least one sensor sensing hot water demand which causes said filtration system to bypass filtration mode.

13. The filtration system of claim 12 wherein said shuttle valve has a single input to receive cold water from said cold-water supply line and two outputs, a first output to direct cold water to said filter, and a second output to direct cold water to said mixing chamber.

14. The filtration system of claim 12 wherein said shuttle valve has two inputs and a single output, including a first input for receiving cold water from said cold water supply line, and a second input for receiving filtered water from said filter, and said single output for delivering water to said mixing chamber of said faucet.KXIN11018909915. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said at least one sensor is located on a hot water conduit feed downstream of said hot water main valve and upstream of said faucet.

16. The filtration system of claim 15 wherein said cold-water valve network comprises at least one valve placed in-line on said cold water supply line and in electrical or wireless communication with said at least one sensor.

17. The filtration system of claim 1 wherein said controller is in indirect communication with said faucet, wherein said faucet signals a demand for cold water, hot water, or a mix of cold and hot water, and said at least one sensor communicates a hot water demand to said controller.

18. The filtration system of claim 17 wherein said demand for cold water is initiated by a user operating a handle of said faucet, wherein said handle is adjustable and signals a percentage of cold water flow to said controller, such that a lower, predetermined percentage of cold water demand initiates filtration, directing filtered water from said filter to said faucet.

19. The filtration system of claim 18 wherein when said predetermined percentage of cold water demand exceeds said lower, predetermined percentage of cold water, said controller redirects water in a bypass water flow to remove said filtration system from filtering cold water.

20. The filtration system of claim 19 wherein said faucet handle signals a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when said faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to twenty degrees (20°).

21. The filtration system of claim 19 wherein said faucet handle signals a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when said faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to ten degrees (10°).

22. A filtration system for a sink-mounted faucet comprising:KXIN110189099a sensor in fluid communication with a hot water feed and placed downstream of a hot water valve, wherein hot water is activated by said hot water valve, said hot water originating from a hot water supply line;a filter having a filtration medium and in fluid communication with said cold-water supply line, wherein said filter is isolated from, but fluidly connected at a filter inlet to said cold-water supply line and fluidly connected at a filter outlet to a mixing chamber of said faucet; anda controller in electrical or wireless communication with and controlling a cold-water valve network, said valve network capable of reconfiguring water flow to direct water to, or bypass water away from said filter on instructions from said controller, said controller in electrical or wireless communication with said sensor, such that said sensor signals said controller when there is a demand for said hot water, and said controller controls said valve network and determines whether unfiltered or filtered water is dispensed through the faucet, based on the hot water demand or lack thereof.

23. The filtration system of claim 22 wherein said sensor detects presence of hot water flow.

24. The filtration system of claim 23 wherein said sensor comprises a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, or a flow switch.

25. The filtration system of claim 22 wherein said valve network comprises first and second valves including electro-valves or magnetic flow switches or any combination thereof, controlled by said controller.

26. The filtration system of claim 25 wherein said first valve receives input from said cold water supply line and said second valve delivers cold water to said filter.

27. The filtration system of claim 26 wherein said controller directs ingress cold water to said mixing chamber via said first electro-valve depending upon a user's cold-waterKXIN110189099demand, or redirecting said ingress cold water to said second valve to send said ingress cold water to said filter.

28. The filtration system of claim 27 wherein upon activation of said sensor in fluid communication with a hot water supply line represents a hot water demand to said filtration system, such that said controller configures said first and second valves to remove said filtration system from filtration mode by directing fluid away from said filter.

29. The filtration system of claim 25 wherein said controller instructions said valve network to direct ingress cold water from either said cold-water supply line or from said filter output to said mixing chamber depending upon a user's cold-water demand.

30. The filtration system of claim 22 including a user-controlled valve of said faucet for providing water demand to said filtration system.

31. The filtration system of claim 22 wherein said controller is in communication with said faucet, wherein said faucet signals to said controller a demand for cold water, hot water, or a mix of cold and hot water.

32. The filtration system of claim 31 wherein said demand for cold water is initiated by a user operating a handle of said faucet, wherein said handle is adjustable and signals to said controller a percentage of cold water flow, such that a lower, predetermined percentage of cold water demand initiates filtration, directing cold water from said filter to said faucet.

33. The filtration system of claim 32 wherein if said demand for cold water exceeds said lower, predetermined percentage of cold water flow, said controller initiates bypass water flow to remove said filtration system from filtering cold water.

34. The filtration system of claim 33 wherein said faucet handle signals a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when said faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to twenty degrees (20°).KXIN11018909935. The filtration system of claim 34 wherein said faucet handle signals a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when said faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to ten degrees (10°).

36. A method for initiating water filtration for a faucet-mounted system comprising: sensing a hot water demand from a user operating said faucet-mounted system by providing at least one sensor in fluid communication with a hot water supply line, said hot water originating from said hot water supply line; andsending a signal from said at least one sensor to a controller when said user initiates a hot water demand, said controller in electrical or wireless communication with and controlling a cold-water valve network;reconfiguring water flow to direct either filtered or unfiltered cold water to a mixing chamber of said faucet;determining whether unfiltered or filtered water is dispensed through the faucet, based on the hot water demand; andsending instructions to said valve network to dispense water to said faucet.

37. The method for initiating water filtration of claim 36 including sending a signal to said controller via said faucet identifying a demand for cold water, hot water, or a mix of cold and hot water.

38. The method for initiating water filtration of claim 37 further including:initiating said demand for cold water by said user operating a handle of said faucet; and adjusting said handle to signal a level of cold water demand to said controller, wherein said level of cold water demand represents a percentage of cold water flow requested by said user, such that a lower, predetermined percentage of cold water demand initiates filtration, directing cold water from said filter to said faucet.

39. The method for initiating water filtration of claim 38 including initiating bypass water flow to remove said filtration system from filtering cold water when said demand for cold water exceeds said lower, predetermined percentage of cold water flow.KXIN11018909940. The method for initiating water filtration of claim 39 including signaling a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when said faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to twenty degrees (20°).

41. The method for initiating water filtration of claim 40 including signaling a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when said faucet handle is rotated at approximately greater than zero degrees (0°) to ten degrees (10°).

42. The method for initiating water filtration of claim 40 including signaling a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when said faucet handle is rotated to a position resulting in approximately greater than ten percent (10%) hot water in said mix water.

43. The method for initiating water filtration of claim 40 including signaling a conversion from filtered water to a hot water or hot / cold mix water demand when said faucet handle is rotated to a position resulting in approximately greater than twenty percent (20%) hot water in said mix waterKXIN110189099

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