The invention discloses a compound traditional Chinese medicinal composition for cows, and a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical filed of traditional Chinese medicines for animals. The compound traditional Chinese medicinal composition mainly comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of Chinese angelica, 10-20 parts of Ligusticum wallichii, 15-20 parts of Ricepaperplant Pith, 10-20 parts of Vaccaria segetalis, 5-10 parts of Radix Astragali, 5-10 parts of Spina Gleditsiae, 5-10 parts of Radix Codonopsis, 1-5 parts of Radix Rhapontici, 1-5 parts of Fructus Liquidambaris, 5-10 parts of licorice root, 10-20 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and 5-10 parts of Herba Leonuri. The composition adopting the above 12 pure natural Chinese herbal medicines has the characteristic of no medicine resistance, small toxic side effects, difficult generation of harmful residues in milk products, and can effectively improve the milk yield of the cows, substantially improve the quality of the cows and the healthy level of the cows and prevent the mastitis of the cows; and compared with fructo-oligosaccharide compatibility compositions, the compound traditional Chinese medicinal composition disclosed in the invention has the advantages of improvement of the immunity of bodies, improvement of the gastrointestinal tract environment of the bodies, adjustment of the gastrointestinal flora balance, and promotion of the digestion and absorption of nutritional substances.