The invention provides an internal combustion engine power self-propelled lotus root picking machine adopting a compressed air injection and suction type spraying head. According to the technical scheme, the internal combustion engine power self-propelled lotus root picking machine is mainly composed of water spraying frame shoe plates (1), the injection and suction type spraying head (2), an air conveying pipe (3), an air dividing cylinder (4), a main air conveying pipe (5), an air compressor (6), an air compressor coupler (7), an internal combustion engine (8), a speed reducer (9), a gearbox (10), a differential mechanism (11), a triangular belt drive device (12), walking wheels (13), a keel (14), a case (15), a spraying head lifting device (16), a spraying head rack (17), a treading face (18), spokes (19), a water stirring plate (20), connecting devices (21), hubs (22), rubber wheel gear racks (23), an air pipe connector (24), a fixed plate (25), water inlet holes (26), a water-gas mixing chamber (27) and a filter screen (28). The internal combustion engine power self-propelled lotus root picking machine has the advantages of being reasonable and practical in design, high in work efficiency, more attractive in product and suitable for wide application and popularization, saving time and labor, increasing the yield and improving quality.