Installation device and installation method for vertically installing a flexible grounding body

Abstract

The present invention discloses an installation device for vertically installing a flexible grounding body, comprising a vertical positioner placed on the ground, a connector and a first section of a hard pipe that freely passes through a positioning hole in the middle of the vertical positioner in a vertical direction, a drill bit for drilling into the ground is provided at the lower end of the connector, the upper end of the connector abuts against the lower end of the first section of the hard pipe, the lower end of the flexible grounding body axially passes through the first section of the hard pipe from top to bottom and is connected to the upper end of the connector, a hammer head is detachably installed at the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe, the upper end of the hammer head is provided with a force-bearing surface for receiving hammering, and an opening for the flexible grounding body to freely enter and exit is provided on the side of the hammer head. The grounding resistivity of the vertically installed flexible grounding body will remain stable and at a relatively low level, which greatly improves the grounding effect of the graphite or graphene-based flexible grounding body, is no longer restricted by construction excavation conditions, and significantly reduces labor costs and construction excavation costs. The present invention also provides an installation method using the above-mentioned device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of grounding body installation, and in particular to an installation device for vertically installing a flexible grounding body. In addition, the present invention also relates to an installation method using the above device. Background Art

[0002] In lightning protection grounding, working grounding, protective grounding and instrumentation and control grounding, the grounding body needs to be buried underground. In the existing technology, flexible grounding bodies based on graphite or graphene have been widely used to replace galvanized flat iron, copper-plated steel rod, copper-plated round steel and other grounding bodies due to their excellent conductivity, stability and long life.

[0003] However, the flexible grounding body based on graphite or graphene is in the form of a flexible rope or strip and can only be buried horizontally. Horizontal burial requires a large excavation area, high labor costs, and poor grounding effect due to the depth of burial and soil moisture.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide an installation device for vertically installing a flexible grounding body is a technical problem that those skilled in the art currently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an installation device for vertically installing a flexible grounding body. The connector and the hard pipe vertically install the flexible grounding body deep into the ground. The grounding resistivity will remain stable and at a low level, greatly improving the grounding effect of the graphite or graphene-based flexible grounding body, no longer restricted by construction excavation conditions, and significantly reducing labor costs and construction excavation costs. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide an installation method for vertically installing a flexible grounding body.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an installation device for vertically installing a flexible grounding body, including a vertical positioner placed on the ground and a connector and a first section of a hard pipe that freely pass through a positioning hole in the middle of the vertical positioner in a vertical direction, the lower end of the connector is provided with a drill bit for drilling into the ground, the upper end of the connector is abutted against the lower end of the first section of the hard pipe, the lower end of the flexible grounding body axially passes through the first section of the hard pipe from top to bottom and is connected to the upper end of the connector, the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe is detachably installed with a hammer head, the upper end of the hammer head is provided with a force-bearing surface for receiving hammering, and the side of the hammer head is provided with an opening for free entry and exit of the flexible grounding body.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a plurality of extended hard tubes which are detachably connected head to tail in sequence, the plurality of extended hard tubes are coaxially arranged with the first section of the hard tube, and can freely pass through the positioning hole in the vertical direction, the lower end of the lowest extended hard tube is detachably connected to the upper end of the first section of the hard tube, the upper end of the highest extended hard tube is detachably connected to the hammering head, and the flexible grounding body passes through the plurality of extended hard tubes in sequence.

[0008] Preferably, the upper ends of the first section of the hard tube and the upper ends of the extended hard tube are both provided with internal threads, and the lower end of the extended hard tube is provided with external threads matching the internal threads.

[0009] Preferably, the first section of the hard tube and the extended hard tube are alloy tubes.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical positioner is a horizontally arranged cross-shaped plate, the positioning hole is arranged at the center of the cross-shaped plate, and the outer ends of the four arms of the cross-shaped plate are provided with connecting holes.

[0011] Preferably, the device further comprises a ground resistance tester connected to the flexible grounding body.

[0012] Preferably, the utility model further comprises an oil pick for hammering the hammering head.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting step and a connecting shaft are provided at the upper end of the connecting body, the connecting shaft extends into the lower end of the first section of the hard tube, and the limiting step abuts against the lower end surface of the first section of the hard tube.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a triangular bracket and a lifting device installed on the upper end of the triangular bracket, and also includes a lifting belt, the upper end of the lifting belt is connected to the lifting device, and the lower end of the lifting belt is detachably connected to the first section of the hard pipe and the extended hard pipe.

[0015] The present invention provides a method for vertically installing a flexible grounding body, comprising the steps of:

[0016] Excavate a grounding pit at a preset location;

[0017] A vertical positioner is installed above the grounding pit body;

[0018] The lower end of the flexible grounding body axially passes through the multiple sections of extended hard pipes and the first section of hard pipe from top to bottom and is connected to the upper end of the connector, and the upper end of the connector abuts against the lower end of the first section of hard pipe;

[0019] The connector and the first section of the hard tube freely pass through the middle positioning hole of the vertical positioner in the vertical direction;

[0020] Installing a hammer head on the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe, and hammering the hammer head with an oil pick, hammering the connector and the first section of the hard pipe into the grounding pit to form a vertical grounding hole;

[0021] The flexible grounding body is connected to a grounding resistance tester, and the resistance tester is used to determine whether the resistance value meets the requirements;

[0022] If it does not meet the requirements, the hammer head is removed, the extension hard pipe is installed on the flexible grounding body, the lower end of the extension hard pipe is connected to the first section of hard pipe, the hammer head is installed on the upper end of the extension hard pipe, and the hammer head is hammered by a pickaxe to hammer the extended hard pipe into the ground, extend the depth of the grounding body hole, and continue to judge whether the resistance value meets the requirements by the resistance tester. If it does not meet the requirements, continue to install the extension hard pipe;

[0023] Until the resistance value meets the requirements, the vertical positioner and the hammer head are removed, and the extended hard pipe and the first section of the hard pipe are lifted out in turn by the lifting device and the lifting belt;

[0024] Bentonite is poured into the grounding body hole and compacted by a pickaxe.

[0025] The present invention provides an installation device for vertically installing a flexible grounding body, comprising a vertical positioner placed on the ground, a connector and a first section of a hard pipe freely passing through a positioning hole in the middle of the vertical positioner in a vertical direction, a drill bit for drilling into the ground is arranged at the lower end of the connector, the upper end of the connector abuts against the lower end of the first section of the hard pipe, the lower end of the flexible grounding body axially passes through the first section of the hard pipe from top to bottom and is connected to the upper end of the connector, a hammer head is detachably installed at the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe, a force-bearing surface for receiving hammering is arranged at the upper end of the hammer head, and an opening for free entry and exit of the flexible grounding body is arranged on the side of the hammer head.

[0026] The installation method of the above-mentioned device is as follows: dig a grounding pit at a preset position; set up a vertical positioner above the grounding pit; the lower end of the flexible grounding body axially passes through multiple sections of extended hard pipes and the first section of hard pipe from top to bottom and connects to the upper end of the connector, and the upper end of the connector is abutted against the lower end of the first section of hard pipe; the connector and the first section of hard pipe freely pass through the middle positioning hole of the vertical positioner in the vertical direction; install a hammer head on the upper end of the first section of hard pipe, and use an oil pick to hammer the hammer head to hammer the connector and the first section of hard pipe into the grounding pit to form a vertical grounding body hole; connect the flexible grounding body to a grounding resistance tester, and use the resistance tester to judge whether the resistance value meets the requirements requirements; if not, remove the hammer head, install an extended hard pipe outside the flexible grounding body, connect the lower end of the extended hard pipe to the first section of hard pipe, install the hammer head on the upper end of the extended hard pipe, and hammer the hammer head with a pickaxe to hammer the extended hard pipe into the ground to extend the depth of the grounding body hole, and continue to judge whether the resistance value meets the requirements through a resistance tester. If not, continue to install the extended hard pipe; until the resistance value meets the requirements, remove the vertical positioner and the hammer head, and lift the extended hard pipe and the first section of hard pipe in turn through the lifting device and the lifting belt; pour bentonite into the grounding body hole, and compact the bentonite with a pickaxe.

[0027] The above method avoids the use of horizontal excavation and burial to install flexible grounding bodies. The connector and the hard pipe vertically install the flexible grounding body deep into the ground. The grounding resistivity will remain stable and at a low level, greatly improving the grounding effect of the graphite or graphene-based flexible grounding body. It is no longer restricted by construction excavation conditions and significantly reduces labor costs and construction excavation costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the installation device provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a connector in a specific implementation of the installation device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the installation process of a specific implementation mode of the installation device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a lifting device in a specific implementation manner of the installation device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the completion of installation of a specific implementation of the installation device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The core of the present invention is to provide an installation device for vertically installing a flexible grounding body. The connector and the hard pipe vertically install the flexible grounding body deep into the ground. The grounding resistivity will remain stable and at a low level, greatly improving the grounding effect of the graphite or graphene-based flexible grounding body, no longer restricted by construction excavation conditions, and significantly reducing labor costs and construction excavation costs. Another core of the present invention is to provide an installation method for vertically installing a flexible grounding body.

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the installation device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a connector in a specific implementation of the installation device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the installation process of a specific implementation mode of the installation device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a lifting device in a specific implementation manner of the installation device provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the completion of installation of a specific implementation of the installation device provided by the present invention.

[0036] The specific embodiment of the present invention provides an installation device for vertically installing a flexible grounding body, including a vertical positioner 7, a connector 3 and a first section of a hard pipe 4. The vertical positioner 7 is horizontally placed on the ground 8 where the grounding body needs to be buried. A positioning hole is provided in the middle of the vertical positioner 7, and the connector 3 and the first section of the hard pipe 4 can freely pass through the positioning hole in the vertical direction. The lower end of the connector 3 is provided with a drill bit 2 for drilling into the ground, which can be an alloy drill bit. During the installation process, the upper end of the connector 3 is abutted against the lower end of the first section of the hard pipe 4 to achieve force transmission, and the drill bit 2, the connector 3 and the first section of the hard pipe 4 are hammered into the ground in sequence. It is defined that one end of each component facing the ground 8 is the lower end, and the other end is the upper end.

[0037] Before installation, the lower end of the flexible grounding body 1 needs to be axially passed through the first section of the hard pipe 4 from top to bottom. After the lower end of the flexible grounding body 1 passes through, it is connected to the upper end of the connector 3. The upper end of the connector 3 contacts and abuts against the lower end of the first section of the hard pipe 4. Both are arranged vertically. The connector 3 passes through the positioning hole, and the drill bit 2 at the lower end is driven into the ground. Then the first section of the hard pipe 4 also passes through the positioning hole. A hammer head 5 is detachably installed at the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe 4. An opening is arranged on the side of the hammer head 5. The flexible grounding body 1 is not inserted. The subsequent part of the first section of the hard pipe 4 passes through the opening and can enter and exit freely. The upper end of the hammering head 5 is provided with a force-bearing surface for receiving hammering. By hammering the hammering head 5, the force is transmitted to the first section of the hard pipe 4, and then to the drill bit 2 at the lower end of the connector 3. Each component is hammered into the ground from bottom to top until the first section of the hard pipe 4 is hammered into the ground. At this time, a part of the flexible grounding body 1 has been vertically buried underground, and then the first section of the hard pipe 4 can be taken out and other operations can complete the vertical installation of the flexible grounding body 1.

[0038] The above method avoids the use of horizontal excavation and burial to install the flexible grounding body 1. The connector 3 and the hard pipe vertically install the flexible grounding body 1 deep into the ground. The grounding resistivity will remain stable and at a low level, greatly improving the grounding effect of the graphite or graphene-based flexible grounding body 1. It is no longer restricted by construction excavation conditions, and significantly reduces labor costs and construction excavation costs.

[0039] When the embedding depth needs to be increased, multiple extended hard pipes 6 can be provided, and the number of extended hard pipes 6 can be adjusted as needed to meet different depth requirements. The multiple extended hard pipes 6 are all vertically arranged, and the head and tail are detachably connected in sequence, and the multiple extended hard pipes 6 are coaxially arranged with the first section hard pipe 4, and freely pass through the positioning hole in the vertical direction.

[0040] Specifically, after the first section of the hard pipe 4 is hammered into the ground, the hammering head 5 is removed, and then the upper end of the flexible grounding body 1 axially passes through the extended hard pipe 6, and the extended hard pipe 6 is moved until the lower end of the extended hard pipe 6 contacts the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe 4. The two are detachably connected, which is equivalent to extending the first section of the hard pipe 4, and then the hammering head 5 is detachably connected to the upper end of the extended hard pipe 6. The hammering head 5 will continue to bury the extended hard pipe 6 passing through the positioning hole underground. If the depth needs to be further increased, the hammering head 5 can be removed and the extended hard pipe 6 can be continued to be installed. Finally, the extended hard pipe 6 and the first section of the hard pipe 4 are taken out in turn.

[0041] The above method achieves an increase in the burial depth, but in the actual installation process, due to the long length of the flexible grounding body 1, the method of passing through the extended hard pipe 6 from the upper end will be more cumbersome. Therefore, the number of required extended hard pipes 6 can also be estimated before installation. The lower end of the flexible grounding body 1 passes through multiple sections of extended hard pipes 6 in turn and then passes through the head end hard pipe 4 and connects to the connector 3. Before installation, the hard pipes are separated from each other. After the hard pipe located below is hammered into the ground, the next hard pipe is connected to the hard pipe that has been hammered into the ground for subsequent installation.

[0042] The components can be detachably connected in a variety of ways, such as threaded connection. The upper ends of the first section of the hard tube 4 and the extended hard tube 6 are both provided with internal threads, and the lower end of the extended hard tube 6 is provided with external threads matching the internal threads. When connection is required, the component located above can be rotated. The hammer head 5 can be directly mounted on the upper ends of the first section of the hard tube 4 and the extended hard tube 6, or can be connected by a snap-on or rotary positioning buckle. The first section of the hard tube 4 and the extended hard tube 6 are specifically alloy tubes, and other hard materials can also be used, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the installation device provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the vertical locator 7 is a horizontally arranged cross-shaped plate, the positioning hole is arranged at the center of the cross-shaped plate, and the outer ends of the four arms of the cross-shaped plate are provided with connecting holes, and expansion bolts or other connecting parts can be passed through the connecting holes to achieve a stable connection between the cross-shaped platform and the ground 8.

[0044] In order to detect whether the flexible grounding body 1 buried underground meets the requirements, a grounding resistance tester 10 can be set up to connect the flexible grounding body 1 to detect the grounding resistance. An oil pick 9 for hammering the hammer head is also included.

[0045] In order to achieve a stable connection between the connector 3 and the first section of the hard tube 4, a limiting step and a connecting shaft are provided at the upper end of the connector 3, the connecting shaft extends into the lower end of the first section of the hard tube 4, and the limiting step abuts against the lower end surface of the first section of the hard tube 4, so as to achieve force transmission and prevent the connector 3 from entering the first section of the hard tube 4 completely.

[0046] On the basis of the installation device provided in the above-mentioned specific embodiments, it also includes a triangular bracket 11 and a lifting device 12 installed on the upper end of the triangular bracket 11, and also includes a lifting belt 13, the upper end of the lifting belt 13 is connected to the lifting device 12, and the lower end of the lifting belt 13 is detachably connected to the first section of the hard pipe 4 and the extended hard pipe 6. When it is necessary to take out the first section of the hard pipe 4 and the extended hard pipe 6, the lifting belt 13 is used to connect the first section of the hard pipe 4 and the extended hard pipe 6, and then the lifting belt 13 is pulled upward through the lifting device 12 to pull the first section of the hard pipe 4 and the extended hard pipe 6 out of the pit. The lifting device 12 can be a manual hoist, or an electric hoist, etc., all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] The installation method using the above installation device comprises the following steps:

[0048] A grounding pit 16 is excavated at a preset position on the ground 8 , and the size of the grounding pit 16 can be adjusted according to the situation, such as a depth of 60 cm and a width of 40 cm.

[0049] A vertical positioner 7 is set above the grounding pit body 16 so that the positioning hole in the middle of the vertical positioner 7 is aligned with the grounding pit body 16 .

[0050] The lower end of the flexible grounding body 1 axially passes through the multiple extended hard tubes 6 and the first hard tube 4 from top to bottom and connects to the upper end of the connector 3. The upper end of the connector 3 abuts against the lower end of the first hard tube 4, and the two are in a vertical state.

[0051] The connector 3 and the first section of the hard pipe 4 freely pass through the middle positioning hole of the vertical positioner 7 in the vertical direction, the connector 3 enters the grounding pit 16, and the drill bit 2 at the lower end of the connector 3 hammers into the lower surface of the grounding pit 16.

[0052] The hammer head 5 is installed on the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe 4, and the subsequent part of the flexible grounding body 1 extends out from the side opening. The hammer head 5 is hammered by the oil pick 9 to hammer the connector 3 and the first section of the hard pipe 4 into the grounding pit 16 to form a vertical grounding body hole 14.

[0053] The flexible grounding body 1 is connected to a grounding resistance tester 10 to determine whether the resistance value meets the requirements. If it meets the requirements, the hammer head 5 and the first section of the hard pipe 4 are taken out, and subsequent operations are continued to complete the installation.

[0054] If it does not meet the requirements, remove the hammering head 5, and install an extended hard pipe 6 on the outside of the flexible grounding body 1. The lower end of the extended hard pipe 6 is connected to the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe 4. The two are coaxially arranged. The hammering head 5 is installed on the upper end of the extended hard pipe 6. The subsequent part of the flexible grounding body 1 extends from the side opening. The hammering head 5 is hammered by the oil pick 9 to hammer the extended hard pipe 6 into the ground. The depth of the grounding body hole 14 is extended, and the resistance value continues to be judged whether it meets the requirements. If it does not meet the requirements, continue to install the extended hard pipe 6 according to the above method.

[0055] Until the resistance value meets the requirements, remove the vertical positioner 7 and the hammer head 5, and use the lifting device 12 and the lifting belt 13 to lift out the extended hard pipe 6 and the first section of the hard pipe 4 in turn. That is, each time an extended hard pipe 6 is lifted out, it is removed, and the lifting belt 13 is connected to the part still underground, and then it is lifted out again.

[0056] After all the extended hard pipes 6 and the first section of the hard pipe 4 are taken out, the bentonite 15 is poured into the grounding body hole 14, and the bentonite 15 is compacted by the oil pick 9 to complete the vertical installation.

[0057] The above is a detailed introduction to the installation device and installation method for vertically installing a flexible grounding body provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mounting device for vertically mounting a flexible grounding body, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical positioner (7) placed on the ground, a connector (3) and a first section of a hard pipe (4) which freely passes through a positioning hole in the middle of the vertical positioner (7) in a vertical direction, wherein a drill bit (2) for drilling into the ground is arranged at the lower end of the connector (3), the upper end of the connector (3) abuts against the lower end of the first section of the hard pipe (4), the lower end of a flexible grounding body (1) axially passes through the first section of the hard pipe (4) from top to bottom and is connected to the upper end of the connector (3), a hammer head (5) is detachably mounted on the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe (4), the upper end of the hammer head (5) is provided with a force-bearing surface for receiving hammering, and the side of the hammer head (5) is provided with an opening for the flexible grounding body (1) to freely enter and exit; It also comprises a plurality of extended hard tubes (6) which are detachably connected head to tail in sequence, the plurality of extended hard tubes (6) are coaxially arranged with the first section hard tube (4) and freely pass through the positioning hole in the vertical direction, the lower end of the lowest extended hard tube (6) is detachably connected to the upper end of the first section hard tube (4), the upper end of the highest extended hard tube (6) is detachably connected to the hammer head (5), and the flexible grounding body (1) passes through the plurality of extended hard tubes (6) in sequence; Also included is a ground resistance tester (10) connected to the flexible grounding body (1); The upper end of the connecting body (3) is provided with a limiting step and a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft extends into the lower end of the first section of the hard tube (4), and the limiting step abuts against the lower end surface of the first section of the hard tube (4).

2. The mounting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper ends of the first section of the hard tube (4) and the upper ends of the extended hard tube (6) are both provided with internal threads, and the lower end of the extended hard tube (6) is provided with external threads matching the internal threads.

3. The mounting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first section of the hard tube (4) and the extended hard tube (6) are specifically alloy tubes.

4. The mounting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical positioner (7) is a horizontally arranged cross-shaped plate, the positioning hole is arranged at the center of the cross-shaped plate, and the outer ends of the four arms of the cross-shaped plate are provided with connection holes.

5. The mounting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is an oil pick (9) for hammering the hammering head.

6. The mounting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a triangular bracket (11) and a lifting device (12) installed on the upper end of the triangular bracket (11), and also includes a lifting belt (13), the upper end of the lifting belt (13) is connected to the lifting device (12), and the lower end of the lifting belt (13) is detachably connected to the first section of the hard pipe (4) and the extended hard pipe (6).

7. A method for vertically installing a flexible grounding body, characterized in that: Includes steps: Excavating a grounding pit (16) at a preset position; A vertical positioner (7) is installed above the grounding pit body (16); The lower end of the flexible grounding body (1) axially passes through the multiple sections of extended hard tubes (6) and the first section of hard tube (4) from top to bottom and is connected to the upper end of the connecting body (3), and the upper end of the connecting body (3) abuts against the lower end of the first section of hard tube (4); The connecting body (3) and the first section of the hard tube (4) freely pass through the central positioning hole of the vertical positioner (7) in the vertical direction; The hammer head (5) is installed on the upper end of the first section of the hard pipe (4), and the hammer head (5) is hammered by an oil pick (9) to hammer the connector (3) and the first section of the hard pipe (4) into the grounding pit (16) to form a vertical grounding body hole (14); The flexible grounding body (1) is connected to a grounding resistance tester (10), and the resistance tester (10) is used to determine whether the resistance value meets the requirements; If it does not meet the requirements, the hammering head (5) is removed, the extended hard pipe (6) is installed outside the flexible grounding body (1), the lower end of the extended hard pipe (6) is connected to the first section of the hard pipe (4), the hammering head (5) is installed on the upper end of the extended hard pipe (6), and the hammering head (5) is hammered with an oil pick (9) to hammer the extended hard pipe (6) into the ground, extending the depth of the grounding body hole (14), and continuing to judge whether the resistance value meets the requirements through the resistance tester (10). If it does not meet the requirements, continue to install the extended hard pipe (6); Until the resistance value meets the requirements, the vertical positioner (7) and the hammer head (5) are removed, and the extended hard pipe (6) and the first section hard pipe (4) are sequentially lifted out through the lifting device (12) and the lifting belt (13); Bentonite (15) is poured into the grounding body hole (14), and the bentonite (15) is compacted by a pickaxe (9).

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