Electric probe and its assembly and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric probe and an assembly and use method thereof, comprising a support section, a penetration rod and a drop hammer, wherein the support section comprises an upper support section, a middle support section and a lower support section; a positioning ring is arranged at the center of the lower support section, a penetration rod is penetrated in the positioning ring, the bottom of the penetration rod is in contact with the ground, a drop hammer is arranged on the top of the penetration rod, and a guide rod capable of fixing the drop hammer is arranged on the drop hammer; a positioning bearing is arranged at the top of the middle support section, a drop hammer rod is connected to the positioning bearing, the drop hammer rod is sleeved on the circumference of the guide rod, the lower end of the drop hammer rod is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the drop hammer through a first connecting plate arranged thereon, a transmission shaft is arranged on the upper end face of the upper support section, a lifting gear is arranged on the transmission shaft, the lifting gear is connected to the drop hammer rod, the lifting gear moves with the transmission shaft, and the lifting gear moves while driving the drop hammer rod to move, the drop hammer rod drives the drop hammer to move, and the drop hammer is used to knock and penetrate the penetration rod. The invention has a light structure and is convenient to assemble and disassemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to an electric probe and an assembling and using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Static penetration testers have been widely used in highway foundation bearing capacity testing. After years of construction practice, we found that the existing penetration testers have some shortcomings during use:

[0003] The detection process is manual and is greatly affected by human factors. During operation, the guide rod is held by hand and the verticality is visually inspected, which results in a certain error, resulting in inaccurate penetration depth, which in turn affects the accuracy of the hammer frequency.

[0004] The drop hammer is heavy, especially for heavy-duty penetration testing. It takes a lot of physical effort to lift the drop hammer, which can easily cause the drop hammer to be lifted insufficiently, resulting in inaccurate drop distance and affecting the detection accuracy.

[0005] During the operation, the falling hammer hits the sleeve, causing vibration. Especially during the heavy-duty penetration test, the operator holding the guide rod is prone to numbness, pain and other discomfort in the wrist, which causes great psychological pressure.

[0006] When the test is finished and the penetration rod needs to be taken out, it is often difficult to pull out, especially when the field is muddy. The only way is to shake it repeatedly and use a drop hammer to strike it upward, which causes great damage to the connection parts and causes the penetration cone probe to fall off, which consumes a long time and has low work efficiency.

[0007] The number of hammer blows is manually counted and often contains certain errors, which affects the detection accuracy and causes controversy. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an electric probe instrument with a light structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, and labor-saving, and an assembly and use method thereof.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0010] An electric probe instrument comprises a support section, a penetration rod and a drop hammer, wherein the support section comprises an upper support section, a middle support section and a lower support section; the bottom end of the lower support section is provided with a walking wheel and a leveling support foot, the upper end of the lower support section is provided with a first concave connecting block, the center of the lower support section is provided with a positioning ring, the penetration rod is penetrated through the positioning ring, the bottom of the penetration rod is in contact with the ground, the top of the penetration rod is provided with a drop hammer, and the drop hammer is provided with a guide rod capable of fixing the drop hammer; the bottom end of the middle support section is provided with a guide rod connected to the first concave connecting block on the lower support section The first convex connecting block is arranged at the corresponding position of the block, the middle supporting section is stably arranged on the lower supporting section by inserting the first convex connecting block into the first concave connecting block, the first convex connecting block and the first concave connecting block are fixedly connected by a first pin, the top of the middle supporting section is provided with a second concave connecting block, a rotating shaft and a motor, a positioning bearing is arranged on the rotating shaft, a lower sprocket is connected to the motor, a drop hammer rod is connected to the positioning bearing, the drop hammer rod is sleeved on the circumference of the guide rod, and the lower end of the drop hammer rod is connected to the first connecting rod arranged thereon. The plate is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the drop hammer, and the upper two side ends of the drop hammer rod are connected to the upper support section; a second convex connecting block is arranged on the bottom end of the upper support section corresponding to the second concave connecting block on the middle support section, and the upper support section is stably arranged on the middle support section by inserting the second convex connecting block into the second concave connecting block, and the second convex connecting block and the second concave connecting block are fixedly connected by a second pin, and a transmission shaft is arranged on the upper end surface of the upper support section, and a lifting gear is arranged on the transmission shaft, and the lifting gear The transmission shaft is connected to the drop hammer rod, and a meshing gear and an upper sprocket are also provided on the transmission shaft. The upper sprocket is connected to the lower sprocket through a chain. When the motor rotates, the lower sprocket is driven to rotate. The lower sprocket drives the upper sprocket through the chain. The upper sprocket drives the transmission shaft to rotate. The lifting gear moves with the transmission shaft. The lifting gear moves and drives the drop hammer rod to move. The drop hammer rod drives the drop hammer to move, and the drop hammer is used to knock and penetrate the penetration rod. A counter is also provided on the upper end surface of the upper support section.

[0011] The lower support section includes four first upper horizontal rods, four first lower horizontal rods and four first vertical rods, and all of the first upper horizontal rods, the first lower horizontal rods and the first vertical rods form a three-dimensional lower rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the first concave connecting blocks, the walking wheels and the leveling legs are each provided with four, and the four first concave connecting blocks are arranged on the upper end surface of the lower support section corresponding to the first vertical rods, and the four walking wheels are respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the lower end surface of the lower support section, and two of the leveling legs are respectively arranged on the two first lower horizontal rods between the two walking wheels on the same side, and the leveling legs include two nuts, a rocker and a palm foot, and one of the nuts is fixed on On the upper end surface of the first lower flat rod, a through hole is provided on the first lower flat rod corresponding to the nut, and the rocker is connected with the palm foot after passing through the nut and the through hole, and another nut is provided on the palm foot and the rocker at the lower end surface of the first lower flat rod, and short flat oblique rods are welded at the connection points of the four first upper flat rods, and the four short flat oblique rods all point to the positioning ring and are fixedly connected to the positioning ring, and the positioning ring is arranged at the center point of the upper end surface of the lower support section, and the upper end surface of the short flat oblique rod is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end surface of the positioning ring and the upper end surface of the first upper flat rod, and a level box or a level ruler is provided on the short flat oblique rod.

[0012] The middle supporting section includes four second upper horizontal rods, four second lower horizontal rods and four second vertical rods, and all of the second upper horizontal rods, the second lower horizontal rods and the second vertical rods form a three-dimensional middle rectangular parallelepiped structure, wherein two parallel rotating shafts are arranged between two relatively arranged second upper horizontal rods, a positioning bearing is arranged at the center position of the two parallel rotating shafts, the drop hammer rod is arranged between the two positioning bearings, and the two sides of the drop hammer rod are respectively connected to the two positioning bearings, a support platform is arranged on the inner side of any second upper horizontal rod, a support rod is fixed at the lower end of the support platform, the lower end of the support rod is arranged on the second lower horizontal rod, the motor is fixed on the support platform, a control disk for controlling the motor is arranged on one side of the support platform, and a lower sprocket is arranged on the main shaft of the motor.

[0013] The upper supporting section includes four third upper horizontal rods, four third lower horizontal rods and four third vertical rods, and all of the third upper horizontal rods, the third lower horizontal rods and the third vertical rods form a three-dimensional rectangular structure, wherein two parallel transmission shafts are arranged between two relatively arranged third upper horizontal rods, and the setting direction of the transmission shaft is perpendicular to the setting direction of the rotating shaft. A lifting gear is arranged at the center position of each of the two transmission shafts, and a drop hammer rod is arranged between the two lifting gears and is connected to the drop hammer rod. A meshing gear is respectively arranged on the same side of the two lifting gears on the two transmission shafts, one of the meshing gears is a driving wheel, and the other meshing gear is a driven wheel. An upper sprocket wheel is also arranged on the transmission shaft provided with the driving wheel, and the upper sprocket wheel is connected to the lower sprocket wheel through the chain.

[0014] The rotating shaft and the second upper flat rod, as well as the transmission shaft and the third upper flat rod are connected via a positioning frame, the positioning frame includes a second connecting plate, a support bearing and a "Λ"-shaped positioning plate, the second connecting plate is arranged on the upper end surface of the second upper flat rod or the third upper flat rod, the second connecting plate is provided with the "Λ"-shaped positioning plate, the support bearing is provided on the side of the "Λ"-shaped positioning plate away from the second connecting plate, and the rotating shaft or the transmission shaft is provided in the support bearing.

[0015] The drop hammer rod is a hollow drop hammer rod, and the bottom end of the drop hammer rod is the first annular connecting plate, the outer diameter of the first connecting plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the drop hammer, and the first connecting plate is connected to the drop hammer by bolts, and guide rails are provided on both sides of the drop hammer rod in contact with the positioning bearing to facilitate the drop hammer rod to press against the positioning bearing when lifting or falling to prevent swinging, and toothed belts are provided on both sides in contact with the lifting gear, and the lifting gear is meshed with the toothed belts for lifting the drop hammer, and the distance that the drop hammer rod is higher than the upper surface of the upper support section is greater than R+H+L, wherein R represents the radius of the lifting gear, H is the drop distance of the drop hammer, and L is the penetration depth.

[0016] The positioning ring comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring and the outer ring are connected by short ribs, so that the inner ring and the outer ring form concentric circles, the outer ring is provided with bolt holes, long-rod bolts are provided in the bolt holes, and the long-rod bolts are pressed against the outer wall of the inner ring on one side facing the inner ring to form the positioning ring;

[0017] The lifting gear includes a gear body, a gear ring is arranged on one side of the circumference of the gear body, the length of the gear ring is equal to the drop distance of the drop hammer, the circumference of the gear body except the gear ring is a slide groove, and a fixed point is also arranged on the gear body, a cable is arranged on the fixed point, one end of the cable is connected to the gear body, and the other end is provided with a rope loop.

[0018] A method for assembling and using an electric probe comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Assemble the lower support section

[0020] S1: Use square steel to make four first upper horizontal bars, four first lower horizontal bars, two horizontal and oblique bars and four first vertical bars according to the required size, select a sturdy and horizontal workbench, weld the four first upper horizontal bars, four first lower horizontal bars, two horizontal and oblique bars and four first vertical bars into a three-dimensional lower rectangular parallelepiped frame, wherein two of the horizontal and oblique bars are arranged on the two diagonal lines at the top of the rectangular parallelepiped frame;

[0021] S2: Select a steel plate, cut and drill the steel plate to make four groups of first concave connecting blocks, four groups of second concave connecting blocks, four first convex connecting blocks and four second convex connecting blocks, first weld the four groups of first concave connecting blocks on the upper end surface of the lower rectangular parallelepiped frame, and respectively place them on the tops of the four first vertical rods, and use a level ruler to level them during the welding process to ensure that the tops of the four groups of first concave connecting blocks are in the same horizontal plane;

[0022] S3: Select two short steel pipes with different diameters and lengths of 100 mm to make concentric pipes as positioning rings. When making them, first weld four short ribs on the outside of the inner ring and press them against the inside of the outer ring to make the inner and outer rings form concentric circles. Drill four bolt holes on the outer ring wall, insert long-rod bolts and press them against the outer wall of the inner ring to form a universal positioning ring. The inner diameter of the positioning ring is larger than the outer diameter of the penetration rod. The top surface of the positioning ring and the top surface of the horizontal and inclined rod are in the same horizontal plane, that is, the axis of the positioning ring is perpendicular to the top surface. Its function is to replace the manual hand-held penetration rod. The outer ring is suitable for heavy-duty probing, and the inner ring is suitable for light-duty probing. When performing light-duty probing, first make the four short positioning ribs of the inner ring contact with the inner wall of the outer ring, and then use four long-rod bolts to pass through the outer ring and press them against the inner ring.

[0023] S4: Cut the two flat and inclined rods into four short flat and inclined rods according to the diagonal position, place the positioning ring at the middle intersection, weld the outer wall of the positioning ring and the four short flat and inclined rods into a whole, and ensure that the four first upper flat rods, the four short flat and inclined rods and the top surface of the positioning ring are in the same horizontal plane during the welding process; install a level box between any two of the short flat and inclined rods for horizontal testing, or use a level ruler to check the level in two directions; install a level box for leveling after the lower rectangular frame is in place and for leveling after all devices are installed, so as to ensure that the penetration rod remains vertical when hit by a falling hammer, avoid force errors, and improve detection accuracy.

[0024] S5: Four walking wheels (inflatable rubber wheels) are installed at the lower ends of the outer sides of the four first vertical rods, and the four walking wheels are distributed on both sides of the lower rectangular parallelepiped frame to form a lower support section as a whole; then holes are drilled on the first lower horizontal rods at positions close to the walking wheels to form through holes, nuts with an inner diameter larger than the hole diameter of the through holes are aligned with the through holes and welded to the upper end surfaces of the first lower horizontal rods, and nuts of the same type are welded to the square steel plates to form support feet, and a crank-type rocker is used to pass through the nut on the first lower horizontal rod and screw into the nut on the support foot, and the crank-type rocker is rotated to make the support foot close to the ground, so as to adjust the lower support section to be in a horizontal state;

[0025] S6: Install a tool box at the outer side of the lower support section according to operation requirements;

[0026] Step 2: Assemble the support section

[0027] S7: Using square steel, make four second upper horizontal bars, four second lower horizontal bars and four second vertical bars according to required sizes, select a sturdy and horizontal workbench, and weld the four second upper horizontal bars, four second lower horizontal bars and four second vertical bars into a three-dimensional medium rectangular parallelepiped frame;

[0028] S8: Then, four first convex connecting blocks are welded respectively at the bottom positions of the four second vertical rods on the middle rectangular frame, and the welding positions correspond to the four groups of the first concave connecting blocks at the upper end of the lower rectangular frame. Four groups of the second concave connecting blocks are welded respectively at the top positions of the four second vertical rods. When welding, ensure that the top surfaces of the four first convex connecting blocks are located in the same horizontal plane, and the top surfaces of the four groups of the second concave connecting blocks are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0029] S9: Install a support platform at an appropriate height corner position on the upper end of the rectangular frame, weld short square steels of appropriate specifications to both sides of the corner, use a rectangular steel as a support rod for the suspended corner, and weld both ends to the suspended corner and the second lower flat rod at the lower end of the rectangular frame, drill bolt holes at appropriate positions on the support platform, connect and fix it to the motor base on the motor installed on it, and install a lower sprocket on the rotor end of the motor, and the position and specifications of the sprocket meet the designed transmission requirements.

[0030] S10: Two rotating shafts are installed between two corresponding second upper flat rods at the top of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame, and a locating bearing is fixed in the middle of each of the two rotating shafts. The rotating shaft is fixed to the inner sleeve of the locating bearing by spot welding; the width of the outer sleeve of the locating bearing matches the width of the guide rail on the side of the drop hammer rod, and the net distance of the outer sleeve of the locating bearing is such that it can be stuck in the guide rail and lightly attached to the side of the drop hammer rod.

[0031] The second upper flat rod and the rotating shaft are connected together by a first positioning frame. When making the first positioning frame, first install a second connecting plate on the corresponding upper end surface of the second upper flat rod. The width of the second connecting plate is not greater than the width of the second upper flat rod. The second connecting plate and the second upper flat rod are fixed by bolts. A "Λ"-shaped positioning plate made of angle steel or short ribs is arranged on the second connecting plate. A support bearing is arranged on the side of the positioning plate away from the second connecting plate. The two ends of the rotating shaft are inserted into the inner sleeve of the support bearing and are fixed to the inner sleeve by spot welding.

[0032] Step 3: Assemble the upper support section

[0033] S11: using square steel, make four third upper horizontal bars, four third lower horizontal bars and four third vertical bars according to the required size, select a solid and horizontal workbench, and weld the four third upper horizontal bars, four third lower horizontal bars and four third vertical bars into a three-dimensional upper rectangular parallelepiped frame;

[0034] S12: Then, four second convex connection blocks are respectively welded at the bottom positions of the four third vertical rods on the upper rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the welding positions correspond to the four groups of second concave connection blocks at the upper end of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame. When welding, it is necessary to ensure that the top surfaces of the four second convex connection blocks are located in the same horizontal plane;

[0035] S13: Two transmission shafts are installed between the two corresponding third upper horizontal rods on the top of the upper rectangular frame, and both ends of the two transmission shafts are connected to the third upper horizontal rod through a second positioning frame, and the structure of the second positioning frame is consistent with that of the first positioning frame. The setting direction of the transmission shaft and the setting direction of the rotating shaft are perpendicular to each other, and a lifting gear is installed in the center of each of the two transmission shafts. The gear ring of the lifting gear is arranged on a partial circumference, and the length of the gear ring is determined according to the height of the drop hammer. The starting parts of the gear rings of the two lifting gears are close to the toothed belts on the side of the drop hammer rod, and the rotation of the motor drives the two lifting gears to rotate in opposite directions at the same time, lifting the drop hammer rod. When the gear ring passes the end point, the two are disengaged, the drop hammer rod loses the upward lifting force, and falls in a free fall manner. After hitting the penetration rod, the starting point of the gear ring turns back, and the drop hammer rod is lifted again, and hits again, and so on.

[0036] A meshing gear is arranged on the same side of the two lifting gears on the two transmission shafts, and the two meshing gears are meshed with each other, wherein the right meshing gear is a driving wheel, and the left meshing gear is a driven wheel. An upper sprocket is also arranged on the rotating shaft on one side of the driving wheel, and the upper sprocket is connected to the lower sprocket on the motor through a chain; the two meshing gears are close to each other, and the specifications and the number of teeth are determined according to the lifting speed, and they rotate in the opposite direction at the same time as the motor rotates.

[0037] Step 4: Install the upper support section, middle support section and lower support section as a whole

[0038] S14: Select a flat and solid soil surface, level the surface, push the lower support section to the test point, and level the lower support section as a whole by means of a level box or a level ruler, using the crank rocker and the support feet suspended on the lower support section according to the flatness of the surface;

[0039] S15: After the penetration rod passes through the positioning ring, stand it on the ground, lift the drop hammer, align its center with the center of the top of the penetration rod, and connect the guide rod to fix the drop hammer;

[0040] S16: lift the middle support section, insert the four first convex connection blocks at its lower end into the four groups of the first concave connection blocks at the top of the lower support section, open a hole in the middle, and insert the first pin to fix it; then pass the drop hammer rod through the guide rod, align the bolt hole on the first connection plate at its lower end with the bolt hole on the top surface of the drop hammer, insert the bolt and tighten it; because the upper end of the drop hammer rod is higher than the top of the upper support section, when the drop hammer rod passes through the middle support section, it passes between the two locating bearings, and the guide grooves on both sides of the drop hammer rod are in contact with the two locating bearings respectively, and the two locating bearings are lightly pressed in the guide grooves on both sides of the drop hammer rod;

[0041] S17: lift the upper support section, insert the four second convex connection blocks at the lower end of the upper support section into the four groups of the second concave connection blocks at the top of the middle support section, and insert the second pins respectively to fix them; because the top of the drop hammer rod exceeds the top of the upper support section, when the drop hammer rod passes through the upper support section, it passes between the two lifting gears, and the toothed belt parts on both sides of the drop hammer rod are respectively pressed against the starting parts of the gear rings on the two lifting gears, and the two meshing gears are adjusted so that their gear teeth are pressed tightly; adjust the upper sprocket and install the chain, and at the same time adjust the position of the motor installed on the support platform of the middle support section, and install the chain on the lower sprocket;

[0042] S18: After installation, temporarily fix the upper support section, turn on the power, start the motor, observe the operation and make fine adjustments. After normal operation, level the whole machine again and fix them separately. Install the control panel on one side of the middle support section.

[0043] S19: Install a counter at the top of the upper support section near the lifting gear, aim its sensing probe at the reference point on the gear, count the number of hammer strikes by the number of rotations of the lifting gear, count once for each rotation, and display the number of strikes on a display screen.

[0044] Step 5: Complete the test

[0045] S20: The motor is used to drive the lifting gear through the chain transmission to rotate. The ring gear on the lifting gear fastens the toothed belts on both sides of the drop hammer rod to drive the drop hammer to move upward. At the moment when the ring gear is disengaged from the toothed belt, the drop hammer falls in a free fall manner and hits the top of the penetration rod. The lifting gear repeatedly rotates and performs continuous impact until the designed penetration depth is reached. The counter installed at the top of the upper section records the number of impacts to complete the detection.

[0046] S21: When the detection is completely completed, remove the drop hammer, put the rope loops on the two cables around the penetration rod, start the motor, drive the two lifting gears to rotate simultaneously, and pull out the penetration rod.

[0047] The penetration rod is provided with a scale.

[0048] The positive beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] 1. The lower support section, the middle support section and the upper support section of the present invention, as well as the lifting gears, meshing gears, positioning bearings, rotating shafts, transmission shafts and supporting bearings arranged thereon are all standardized products, which are easy to purchase or process and have low cost.

[0050] 2. The structure of the present invention is light, and the lower support section, the middle support section and the upper support section are all connected and fixed by pins, so it is easy to assemble and disassemble.

[0051] 3. The lower support section of the present invention plays a role in fixing and leveling. The leveling legs arranged on the lower support section provide a stable support. The positioning ring replaces the manual support of the penetration rod. The verticality of the penetration rod is adjusted by a level box or a level ruler, thereby improving the detection accuracy. Both light and heavy-duty probes can be used.

[0052] 4. In the present invention, a drop hammer rod is installed at the top of the drop hammer, and toothed belts and guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the side of the drop hammer rod, which plays a role in stabilizing and slowly lifting the drop hammer. The guide rail can position the drop hammer to prevent it from swinging. In order to keep the center of gravity of the drop hammer unchanged, a guide rod is installed at the upper end of the drop hammer, which can make the impact energy accurate.

[0053] 5. The power device of the present invention is a common standard motor, gear, and chain, which has a simple principle, is easy to adjust and maintain, and replaces manual hammering operations. It has high precision, safety, reliability, accurate counting, and improved efficiency. The transmission shaft is installed on the bearing of the bracket, which has small resistance, low meshing gear speed, small motor power, and low energy consumption. The sprocket, chain, and gear are easy to maintain.

[0054] 6. The lifting gear of the present invention adopts a partial gear ring structure, and the starting point and end point of the gear ring are accurately set, so that the drop weight can accurately restore the free fall state during manual operation. The lifting gear speed is constant, and the efficiency is improved compared to manual operation.

[0055] 7. The counter provided in the present invention can accurately count the number of penetrations, thus avoiding errors and disputes caused by manual counting.

[0056] 8. The lifting gear in the present invention is provided with a gear ring on its circumference, and the portion outside the gear ring is a slide groove. A cable of appropriate specifications is hung on the fixed point of the lifting gear. When the detection is completed, the drop weight is removed, and one end of the two cables with the rope loop is put on the penetration rod, and the motor is started to drive the two lifting gears to rotate simultaneously to pull out the penetration rod, thereby saving manpower and improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall planar structure of the electric penetration instrument in the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the 1-1 direction;

[0059] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the 2-2 direction;

[0060] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the 3-3 direction;

[0061] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower support section in the electric probe in the present invention;

[0062] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle support section in the electric penetration instrument of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper support section in the electric probe in the present invention;

[0064] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The structural diagram of the lifting gear;

[0065] Fig. 9 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The present invention will be further explained and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0067] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , in the figure: 1-penetration rod, 2-drop hammer, 3-upper support section, 3-1-third upper horizontal rod, 3-2-third lower horizontal rod, 3-3-third vertical rod, 4-middle support section, 4-1-second upper horizontal rod, 4-2-second lower horizontal rod, 4-3-second vertical rod, 5-lower support section, 5-1-first upper horizontal rod, 5-2-first lower horizontal rod, 5-3-first vertical rod, 6-travel wheel, 7-first concave connecting block, 8-positioning ring, 8-1-inner ring, 8-2-outer ring, 8-3-short ribs, 8-4-long rod bolts, 9-guide rod, 10-first convex connecting block, 11-second concave connecting block, 12-rotating shaft, 13-motor, 14-positioning bearing, 15-lower sprocket, 16-drop hammer rod, 17-first connecting plate, 18-second convex connecting block, 19-transmission shaft, 20-lifting gear, 20-1-gear body, 20-2-gear ring , 20-3-slideway, 20-4-fixed point, 20-5-cable, 20-6-rope loop, 21-meshing gear, 22-upper sprocket, 23-chain, 24-counter, 25-nut, 26-rocker, 27-palm foot, 28-short flat inclined rod, 29-level box, 30-level ruler, 31-support platform, 32-support rod, 33-control panel, 34-second connecting plate, 35-support bearing, 36-"Λ" shaped positioning plate, 37-bolt, 38-guide rail, 39-toothed belt, 40-scale.

[0068] Embodiment: An electric penetration instrument comprises a support section, a penetration rod 1 and a drop hammer 2, wherein the support section comprises an upper support section 3, a middle support section 4 and a lower support section 5; a walking wheel 6 and a leveling support foot are arranged at the bottom end of the lower support section 5, a first concave connecting block 7 is arranged at the upper end of the lower support section 5, a positioning ring 8 is arranged at the center of the lower support section 5, a penetration rod 1 is penetrated in the positioning ring 8, the bottom of the penetration rod 1 is in contact with the ground, a drop hammer 2 is arranged on the top of the penetration rod 1, and a guide rod 9 capable of fixing the drop hammer 2 is arranged on the drop hammer 2; the bottom end of the middle support section 4 is connected to the first concave connecting block 7 on the lower support section 5 A first convex connecting block 10 is provided at the corresponding position, and the middle support section is stably arranged on the lower support section 5 by inserting the first convex connecting block 10 into the first concave connecting block 7. The first convex connecting block 10 and the first concave connecting block 7 are fixedly connected by a first pin. A second concave connecting block 11, a rotating shaft 12 and a motor 13 are provided at the top of the middle support section 4. A locating bearing 14 is provided on the rotating shaft 12. A lower sprocket 15 is connected to the motor 13. A drop hammer rod 16 is connected to the locating bearing 14. The drop hammer rod 16 is sleeved on the circumference of the guide rod 9, and the lower end of the drop hammer rod 16 is provided thereon. A connecting plate 17 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the drop hammer 2, and the upper two side ends of the drop hammer rod 16 are connected to the upper support section 3; a second convex connecting block 18 is arranged on the bottom end of the upper support section 3 corresponding to the second concave connecting block 11 on the middle support section 4, and the upper support section is stably arranged on the middle support section 4 by inserting the second convex connecting block 18 into the second concave connecting block 11, and the second convex connecting block 18 is fixedly connected to the second concave connecting block 11 by a second pin, and a transmission shaft 19 is arranged on the upper end surface of the upper support section, and a lifting gear 20 is arranged on the transmission shaft 19, and the lifting gear 20 is connected to the The drop hammer rod 16 is connected, and a meshing gear 21 and an upper sprocket 22 are also provided on the transmission shaft 19. The upper sprocket 22 is connected to the lower sprocket 15 through a chain 23. When the motor 13 rotates, the lower sprocket 15 is driven to rotate. The lower sprocket 15 drives the upper sprocket 22 to move through the chain 23. The upper sprocket 22 drives the transmission shaft 19 to rotate, and the lifting gear 20 moves with the transmission shaft 19. When the lifting gear 20 moves, it drives the drop hammer rod 16 to move. The drop hammer rod 16 drives the drop hammer 2 to move, and the drop hammer 2 is used to knock and penetrate the penetration rod 1. A counter 24 is also provided on the upper end surface of the upper support section 3.

[0069] The lower support section 5 includes four first upper horizontal rods 5-1, four first lower horizontal rods 5-2 and four first vertical rods 5-3. A three-dimensional lower rectangular parallelepiped structure is formed between all the first upper horizontal rods 5-1, the first lower horizontal rods 5-2 and the first vertical rods 5-3. Four first concave connecting blocks 7, four running wheels 6 and four leveling feet are respectively provided. The four first concave connecting blocks 7 are arranged on the upper end surface of the lower support section 5 corresponding to the first vertical rods 5-3. The four running wheels 6 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower end surface of the lower support section 5. Two leveling feet are respectively provided on the two first lower horizontal rods 5-2 between the two running wheels 6 on the same side. The leveling feet include two nuts 25, a rocker 26 and a palm foot 27, wherein one of the nuts 25 It is fixed on the upper end face of the first lower horizontal rod 5-2, and a through hole is provided on the first lower horizontal rod 5-2 corresponding to the nut 25, and the rocker 26 is connected with the palm foot 27 after passing through the nut 25 and the through hole, and another nut 25 is provided on the palm foot 27 and the rocker 26 on the lower end face of the first lower horizontal rod 5-2. Short flat oblique rods 28 are welded at the connection points of the four first upper horizontal rods 5-1, and the four short flat oblique rods 28 all point to the positioning ring 8 and are fixedly connected to the positioning ring 8. The positioning ring 8 is arranged at the center point of the upper end face of the lower support section 5, and the upper end face of the short flat oblique rod 28 is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end face of the positioning ring 8 and the upper end face of the first upper horizontal rod 5-1, and a level box 29 or a level ruler 30 is provided on the short flat oblique rod 28.

[0070] The middle support section 4 includes four second upper horizontal rods 4-1, four second lower horizontal rods 4-2 and four second vertical rods 4-3. A three-dimensional middle rectangular parallelepiped structure is formed between all the second upper horizontal rods 4-1, the second lower horizontal rods 4-2 and the second vertical rods 4-3, wherein two parallel rotating shafts 12 are arranged between two relatively arranged second upper horizontal rods 4-1, a locating bearing 14 is arranged at the center position of the two parallel rotating shafts 12, a drop hammer rod 16 is arranged between the two locating bearings 14, and the two sides of the drop hammer rod 16 are respectively connected to the two locating bearings 14, a support platform 31 is arranged on the inner side of any second upper horizontal rod 4-1, a support rod 32 is fixed at the lower end of the support platform 31, and the lower end of the support rod 32 is arranged on the second lower horizontal rod 4-2, a motor 13 is fixed on the support platform 31, a control disk 33 for controlling the motor 13 is arranged on one side of the support platform 31, and a lower sprocket 15 is arranged on the main shaft of the motor 13.

[0071] The upper supporting section 3 includes four third upper horizontal rods 3-1, four third lower horizontal rods 3-2 and four third vertical rods 3-3. A three-dimensional rectangular structure is formed between all the third upper horizontal rods 3-1, the third lower horizontal rods 3-2 and the third vertical rods 3-3, wherein two parallel transmission shafts 19 are arranged between two relatively arranged third upper horizontal rods 3-1, and the setting direction of the transmission shaft 19 is perpendicular to the setting direction of the rotating shaft 12. A lifting gear 20 is arranged at the center position of the two transmission shafts 19, a drop hammer rod 16 is arranged between the two lifting gears 20, and both are connected to the drop hammer rod 16, and a meshing gear 21 is respectively arranged on the same side of the two lifting gears 20 on the two transmission shafts 19, one of the meshing gears 21 is a driving wheel, and the other meshing gear 21 is a driven wheel. An upper sprocket wheel 22 is also arranged on the transmission shaft 19 with the driving wheel, and the upper sprocket wheel 22 is connected to the lower sprocket wheel 15 through a chain 23.

[0072] The rotating shaft 12 and the second upper horizontal rod 4-1, as well as the transmission shaft 19 and the third upper horizontal rod 3-1 are connected by a positioning frame, which includes a second connecting plate 34, a support bearing 35 and a "Λ"-shaped positioning plate 36. The second connecting plate 34 is arranged on the upper end surface of the second upper horizontal rod 4-1 or the third upper horizontal rod 3-1, and a "Λ"-shaped positioning plate 36 is arranged on the second connecting plate 34. A support bearing 35 is arranged on the side of the "Λ"-shaped positioning plate 36 away from the second connecting plate 34, and the rotating shaft 12 or the transmission shaft 19 is arranged in the support bearing 35.

[0073] The drop hammer rod 16 is a hollow drop hammer rod 16, and the bottom end of the drop hammer rod 16 is an annular first connecting plate 17. The outer diameter of the first connecting plate 17 is smaller than the outer diameter of the drop hammer 2, and the first connecting plate 17 is connected to the drop hammer 2 by bolts 37. Guide rails 38 are provided on both sides of the drop hammer rod 16 that are in contact with the locating bearing 14, so that the drop hammer rod 16 can be pressed against the locating bearing 14 when lifted or dropped to prevent swinging. Toothed belts 39 are provided on both sides that are in contact with the lifting gear 20, and the lifting gear 20 is meshed and connected with the toothed belts 39 to lift the drop hammer 2. The distance that the drop hammer rod 16 is higher than the upper surface of the upper support section 3 is greater than R+H+L, wherein R represents the radius of the lifting gear 20, H is the drop distance of the drop hammer 2, and L is the penetration depth.

[0074] The positioning ring 8 includes an inner ring 8-1 and an outer ring 8-2. The inner ring 8-1 and the outer ring 8-2 are connected by a short rib 8-3, so that the inner ring 8-1 and the outer ring 8-2 form concentric circles. The outer ring 8-2 is provided with a bolt hole, and a long rod bolt 8-4 is provided in the bolt hole. The side of the long rod bolt 8-4 facing the inner ring 8-1 is pressed against the outer wall of the inner ring 8-1 to form the positioning ring 8;

[0075] The lifting gear 20 includes a gear body 20-1, a gear ring 20-2 is arranged on one side of the circumference of the gear body 20-1, the length of the gear ring 20-2 is equal to the drop distance of the drop hammer 2, the circumference of the gear body 20-1 except the gear ring 20-2 is a slide groove 20-3, and a fixed point 20-4 is also arranged on the gear body 20-1, and a cable 20-5 is arranged on the fixed point 20-4, one end of the cable 20-5 is connected to the gear body 20-1, and the other end is provided with a rope loop 20-6.

[0076] A method for assembling and using an electric probe comprises the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Assemble the lower support section 5

[0078] S1: Use square steel to make four first upper horizontal bars 5-1, four first lower horizontal bars 5-2, two horizontal and oblique bars and four first vertical bars 5-3 according to the required size, select a solid and horizontal workbench, and weld the four first upper horizontal bars 5-1, the four first lower horizontal bars 5-2, the two horizontal and oblique bars and the four first vertical bars 5-3 into a three-dimensional lower rectangular parallelepiped frame, wherein the two horizontal and oblique bars are arranged on the two diagonal lines at the top of the rectangular parallelepiped frame;

[0079] S2: Select a steel plate, cut and drill the steel plate to make four groups of first concave connection blocks, four groups of second concave connection blocks, four first convex connection blocks and four second convex connection blocks, first weld the four groups of first concave connection blocks on the upper end surface of the lower rectangular parallelepiped frame, and respectively place them on the top of the four first vertical rods 5-3, and use a level ruler 30 to level them during the welding process to ensure that the tops of the four groups of first concave connection blocks are in the same horizontal plane;

[0080] S3: Select two short steel pipes with different diameters and lengths of 100 mm to make concentric pipes as positioning rings 8. When making them, first weld four short ribs 8-3 on the outside of the inner ring 8-1 and press them against the inside of the outer ring 8-2 to form concentric circles with the inner and outer rings 8-2. Drill four bolt holes on the wall of the outer ring 8-2, insert long-rod bolts 8-4 and press them against the outer wall of the inner ring 8-1 to form a universal positioning ring 8. The inner diameter of the positioning ring 8 is larger than the inner diameter of the inner ring 8-1. The outer diameter of the insertion rod 1, the top surface of the positioning ring 8 and the top surface of the horizontal and inclined rod are in the same horizontal plane, that is, the axis of the positioning ring 8 is perpendicular to the top surface, and its function is to replace the manual hand-held penetration rod 1; the outer ring 8-2 is suitable for heavy-duty probing, and the inner ring 8-1 is suitable for light-duty probing. When performing light-duty probing, first make the four positioning short ribs 8-3 of the inner ring 8-1 contact with the inner wall of the outer ring 8-2, and then use four long rod bolts 8-4 to pass through the outer ring 8-2 and tighten it with the inner ring 8-1.

[0081] S4: Cut the two horizontal and oblique rods into four short horizontal and oblique rods 28 according to the diagonal position, place a positioning ring 8 at the middle intersection, weld the outer wall of the positioning ring 8 and the four short flat and oblique rods 28 into a whole, and ensure that the four first upper horizontal rods 5-2, the four short flat and oblique rods 28 and the top surface of the positioning ring 8 are located in the same horizontal plane during the welding process; install a level box 29 between any two short flat and oblique rods 28 for horizontal testing, or use a level ruler 30 to check the horizontality in two directions; install the level box 29 for leveling after the lower rectangular frame is in place and for leveling after all devices are installed, so as to ensure that the penetration rod 1 remains vertical when hit by the drop hammer 2, avoid force errors, and improve detection accuracy.

[0082] S5: Four inflatable rubber wheels are installed at the lower ends of the outer sides of the four first vertical rods 5-3, and the four inflatable rubber wheels are distributed on both sides of the lower rectangular parallelepiped frame to form a lower support section 5 as a whole; then holes are drilled on the first lower horizontal rod 5-2 at positions close to the walking wheels 6 to form through holes, and nuts 25 with an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the through holes are aligned with the through holes and welded to the upper end surface of the first lower horizontal rod 5-2, and then nuts 25 of the same type are welded to the square steel plate to form a support foot, and a crank rocker 26 is used to pass through the nut 25 on the first lower horizontal rod 5-2 and screw into the nut 25 on the support foot, and the crank rocker 26 is rotated to make the support foot close to the ground, so as to adjust the lower support section 5 to be in a horizontal state;

[0083] S6: Install a tool box at the outer side of the lower support section 5 according to the operation requirements;

[0084] Step 2: Assemble the support section 4

[0085] S7: Use square steel to make four second upper horizontal bars 4-1, four second lower horizontal bars 4-2 and four second vertical bars 4-3 according to the required size, select a solid and horizontal workbench, and weld the four second upper horizontal bars 4-1, the four second lower horizontal bars 4-2 and the four second vertical bars 4-3 into a three-dimensional rectangular parallelepiped frame;

[0086] S8: Then, four first convex connecting blocks are welded respectively at the bottom positions of the four second vertical rods 4-3 on the middle rectangular frame, and the welding positions correspond to the four groups of first concave connecting blocks at the upper end of the lower rectangular frame. Four groups of second concave connecting blocks 11 are welded respectively at the top positions of the four second vertical rods 4-3. When welding, ensure that the top surfaces of the four first convex connecting blocks are located in the same horizontal plane, and the top surfaces of the four groups of second concave connecting blocks 11 are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0087] S9: Install a support platform 31 at an appropriate height corner position at the upper end of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame, weld short square steel of appropriate specifications to both sides of the corner, use a rectangular steel support rod 32 for the suspended corner, and weld both ends to the suspended corner and the second lower flat rod 4-2 at the lower end of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame, drill bolt holes at appropriate positions on the support platform 31, connect and fix it to the base of the motor 13 on the motor 13 arranged thereon, install the lower sprocket 15 at the rotor end of the motor 13, and the position and specifications of the sprocket meet the designed transmission requirements.

[0088] S10: Two rotating shafts 12 are installed between two corresponding second upper horizontal rods 4-1 at the top of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame, and a locating bearing 14 is installed and fixed in the middle of each of the two rotating shafts 12. The rotating shaft 12 and the inner sleeve of the locating bearing 14 are fixed by spot welding; the outer sleeve width of the locating bearing 14 matches the width of the guide rail 38 on the side of the drop hammer rod 16, and the net distance of the outer sleeve of the locating bearing 14 is such that it can be stuck in the guide rail 38 and lightly attached to the side of the drop hammer rod 16.

[0089] The second upper horizontal rod 4-1 is connected to the rotating shaft 12 through a first positioning frame. When making the first positioning frame, a first connecting plate 17 is first installed on the corresponding upper end surface of the second upper horizontal rod 4-1. The width of the second connecting plate 34 is not greater than the width of the second upper horizontal rod 4-1. The second connecting plate 34 and the second upper horizontal rod 4-1 are fixed by bolts 37. A "Λ"-shaped positioning plate 36 made of angle steel or short ribs 8-3 is arranged on the second connecting plate 34. A support bearing 35 is arranged on the side of the positioning plate 36 away from the second connecting plate 34. The two ends of the rotating shaft 12 are inserted into the inner sleeve of the support bearing 35 and are fixed to the inner sleeve by spot welding.

[0090] Step 3: Assemble the upper support segment 3

[0091] S11: Use square steel to make four third upper horizontal bars 3-1, four third lower horizontal bars 3-2 and four third vertical bars 3-3 according to the required size, select a solid and horizontal workbench, and weld the four third upper horizontal bars 3-1, the four third lower horizontal bars 3-2 and the four third vertical bars 3-3 into a three-dimensional upper rectangular parallelepiped frame;

[0092] S12: Then, four second convex connection blocks are respectively welded at the bottom positions of the four third vertical rods 3-3 on the upper rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the welding positions correspond to the four groups of second concave connection blocks at the upper end of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame. When welding, ensure that the top surfaces of the four second convex connection blocks are located in the same horizontal plane;

[0093] S13: Two transmission shafts 19 are installed between two corresponding third upper horizontal rods 3-1 on the top of the upper rectangular parallelepiped frame. Both ends of the two transmission shafts 19 are connected to the third upper horizontal rod 3-1 through a second positioning frame. The second positioning frame has the same structure as the first positioning frame. The setting direction of the transmission shaft 19 is perpendicular to the setting direction of the rotating shaft 12. A lifting gear 20 is installed in the middle of each of the two transmission shafts 19. The gear ring 20-2 of the lifting gear 20 is arranged on a partial circumference. The gear ring 20 -2 length is determined according to the height of the drop hammer 2. The starting parts of the gear rings 20-2 of the two lifting gears 20 are close to the toothed belt 39 on the side of the drop hammer rod 16. The rotation of the motor 13 drives the two lifting gears 20 to rotate in the opposite direction at the same time, lifting the drop hammer rod 16. When the gear ring 20-2 passes the end point, the two are disengaged, the drop hammer rod 16 loses the upward lifting force, falls in a free fall manner, and after hitting the penetration rod 1, the gear ring 20-2 starts to turn back, and the drop hammer rod 16 is lifted again, hitting it for the second time, and so on.

[0094] A meshing gear 21 is arranged on the same side of the two lifting gears 20 on the two transmission shafts 19, and the two meshing gears 21 mesh with each other, wherein the right meshing gear 21 is a driving wheel, and the left meshing gear 21 is a driven wheel. An upper sprocket 22 is also arranged on the rotating shaft 12 on the driving wheel side, and the upper sprocket 22 is connected to the lower sprocket 15 on the motor 13 through a chain 23; the two meshing gears 21 that are close to each other have specifications and numbers of teeth determined according to the lifting speed, and rotate in the opposite direction while the motor 13 rotates.

[0095] Step 4: Install the upper support section 3, middle support section 4 and lower support section 5 as a whole

[0096] S14: Select a flat and solid soil ground, level the ground, push the lower support section 5 to the test point, and level the lower support section 5 as a whole by means of the crank rocker 26 and the support foot suspended on the lower support section 5, with the help of the level box 29 or the level ruler 30 according to the flatness of the ground;

[0097] S15: After the penetration rod 1 passes through the positioning ring 8, it stands on the ground, the drop hammer 2 is lifted, and its center is aligned with the top center of the penetration rod 1, and the guide rod 9 is connected to fix the drop hammer 2;

[0098] S16: lift the middle support section 4, insert the four first convex connection blocks at its lower end into the four groups of first concave connection blocks at the top of the lower support section 5, open a hole in the middle, insert the first pin to fix it, and facilitate assembly and disassembly; then pass the drop hammer rod 16 through the guide rod 9, align the bolt hole on the first connection plate 17 at its lower end with the bolt hole on the top surface of the drop hammer 2, and insert the bolt 37 and tighten it; because the upper end of the drop hammer rod 16 is higher than the top of the upper support section 3, when the drop hammer rod 16 passes through the middle support section 4, it passes between the two locating bearings 14, and the guide rails 38 grooves on both sides of the drop hammer rod 16 are in contact with the two locating bearings 14 respectively, and the two locating bearings 14 are lightly pressed in the guide rails 38 grooves on both sides of the drop hammer rod 16;

[0099] S17: lift the upper support section 3, insert the four second convex connection blocks at the lower end of the upper support section 3 into the four groups of second concave connection blocks at the top of the middle support section 4, and insert the second pins respectively to fix them, so that assembly and disassembly are convenient; because the top of the drop hammer rod 16 exceeds the top of the upper support section 3, when the drop hammer rod 16 passes through the upper support section 3, it passes between the two lifting gears 20, and the toothed belts 39 on both sides of the drop hammer rod 16 are respectively pressed against the starting parts of the gear rings 20-2 on the two lifting gears 20, and the two meshing gears 21 are adjusted so that their gear teeth are pressed tightly; adjust the upper sprocket wheel 22 and install the chain 23, and at the same time adjust the position of the motor 13 installed on the support platform 31 of the middle support section 4, and install the chain 23 on the lower sprocket wheel 15;

[0100] S18: After installation, temporarily fix the upper support section 3, turn on the power, start the motor 13, observe the operation and make fine adjustments, and after normal operation, level the whole machine again and fix them separately, and install the control panel 33 on one side of the middle support section 4;

[0101] S19: Install a counter 24 at the top of the upper support section 3 near the lifting gear 20, so that its sensing probe is aimed at the reference point on the gear, and the number of hammer strikes is counted by the number of rotations of the lifting gear 20. One rotation is counted once, and the number of impacts is displayed on the display screen.

[0102] Step 5: Complete the test

[0103] S20: The motor 13 is used to drive the lifting gear 20 through the chain 23, and the ring gear 20-2 on the lifting gear 20 partially fastens the toothed belts 39 on both sides of the drop hammer rod 16, driving the drop hammer 2 to move upward. At the moment when the ring gear 20-2 is disengaged from the toothed belt 39, the drop hammer 2 falls in a free fall manner and hits the top of the penetration rod 1. The lifting gear 20 repeatedly rotates and performs continuous impact until the designed penetration depth is reached. The counter 24 installed at the top of the upper section records the number of impacts to complete the detection.

[0104] S21: When the detection is completely completed, remove the drop hammer 2, put the rope loops 20-6 on the two cables 20-5 around the penetration rod 1, start the motor 13, drive the two lifting gears 20 to rotate simultaneously, and pull out the penetration rod 1.

[0105] The penetration rod 1 is provided with a scale 40 .

[0106] During the probing, push the lower support section 5 to the detection point, and the penetration rod 1 is erected through the positioning ring 8; adjust the support feet on the lower support section 5, and level the lower support section 5 with the help of the level box 29 or the level ruler 30; lift the drop hammer 2, align its center with the top center of the penetration rod 1, connect the guide rod 9, and fix the drop hammer 2; pass the drop hammer rod 16 through the guide rod 9, align the bolt holes on the second connecting plate 34 at its lower end with the bolt holes on the top surface of the drop hammer 2, insert the bolts 37 and tighten them; install the middle support section 4 and the upper support section 3 respectively, and press the guide rail 38 on the drop hammer rod 16 against the fixed bearing, and lift the gear on the gear 20. The starting point of the circle 20-2 is in close contact with the toothed belt 39 of the drop hammer rod 16, and the chain 23 is installed on the upper and lower sprockets 15; check and verify the leveling of the whole machine again; turn on the power, turn on the counter 24, start the motor 13, observe the penetration depth, turn off the power when the designed depth is reached, read the data displayed by the counter 24, remove the drop hammer 2 at the end of the test, put one end of the two cables 20-5 on the lifting gear 20 with the rope loop 20-6 on the penetration rod 1, start the motor 13, drive the two lifting gears 20 to rotate at the same time, and pull out the penetration rod 1; then move the whole to the next measuring point or remove the device.

[0107] During disassembly, first loosen the bolt 37 on the first connecting plate 17 on the top surface of the drop hammer 2, take out the drop hammer rod 16, then remove the drop hammer 2 and the guide rod 9, then remove the chain 23, and then remove the first pin and the second pin from top to bottom, and then remove the upper support section 3, the middle support section 4, the lower support section 5 and the penetration rod 1.

[0108] Of course, the invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An electric penetration instrument, comprising a support section, a penetration rod and a drop weight, characterized in that: The support section includes an upper support section, a middle support section and a lower support section; the bottom end of the lower support section is provided with a walking wheel and a leveling support foot, the upper end of the lower support section is provided with a first concave connecting block, the center of the lower support section is provided with a positioning ring, a penetration rod is penetrated through the positioning ring, the bottom of the penetration rod is in contact with the ground, a drop weight is provided on the top of the penetration rod, and a guide rod capable of fixing the drop weight is provided on the drop weight; a first convex connecting block is provided on the bottom end of the middle support section at a position corresponding to the first concave connecting block on the lower support section, The middle support section is stably arranged on the lower support section by inserting the first convex connection block into the first concave connection block, the first convex connection block and the first concave connection block are fixedly connected by a first pin, the top of the middle support section is provided with a second concave connection block, a rotating shaft and a motor, a positioning bearing is provided on the rotating shaft, a lower sprocket is connected to the motor, a drop hammer rod is connected to the positioning bearing, the drop hammer rod is sleeved on the circumference of the guide rod, and the lower end of the drop hammer rod is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the drop hammer through the first connecting plate provided thereon. The upper two side ends of the drop hammer rod are connected to the upper support section; a second convex connecting block is arranged on the bottom end of the upper support section corresponding to the second concave connecting block on the middle support section, and the upper support section is stably arranged on the middle support section by inserting the second convex connecting block into the second concave connecting block, and the second convex connecting block and the second concave connecting block are fixedly connected by a second pin, and a transmission shaft is arranged on the upper end surface of the upper support section, and a lifting gear is arranged on the transmission shaft, and the lifting gear is connected to the drop hammer The upper sprocket is connected with the lower sprocket by a chain, and the motor drives the lower sprocket to rotate when the motor rotates, and the lower sprocket drives the upper sprocket to move through the chain, and the upper sprocket drives the transmission shaft to rotate, and the lifting gear moves with the transmission shaft, and the lifting gear drives the drop hammer rod to move when the lifting gear moves, and the drop hammer rod drives the drop hammer to move, and the drop hammer is used to knock the penetration rod, and a counter is also provided on the upper end surface of the upper support section; The drop hammer rod is a hollow drop hammer rod, the bottom end of the drop hammer rod is the first annular connecting plate, the outer diameter of the first connecting plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the drop hammer, and the first connecting plate is connected to the drop hammer by bolts, and the two side surfaces of the drop hammer rod in contact with the positioning bearing are provided with guide rails to facilitate the drop hammer rod to be pressed against the positioning bearing when lifted or dropped to prevent swinging, and the two side surfaces in contact with the lifting gear are provided with toothed belts, and the lifting gear is meshed and connected with the toothed belts to lift the drop hammer, and the distance of the drop hammer rod above the upper surface of the upper support section is greater than R+H+L, wherein R represents the radius of the lifting gear, H is the drop distance of the drop hammer, and L is the penetration depth; The positioning ring comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring and the outer ring are connected by short ribs, so that the inner ring and the outer ring form concentric circles, the outer ring is provided with bolt holes, long-rod bolts are provided in the bolt holes, and the long-rod bolts are pressed against the outer wall of the inner ring on one side facing the inner ring to form the positioning ring; The lifting gear includes a gear body, a gear ring is arranged on one side of the circumference of the gear body, the length of the gear ring is equal to the drop distance of the drop hammer, the circumference of the gear body except the gear ring is a slide groove, and a fixed point is also arranged on the gear body, a cable is arranged on the fixed point, one end of the cable is connected to the gear body, and the other end is provided with a rope loop.

2. The electric probe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower support section includes four first upper horizontal rods, four first lower horizontal rods and four first vertical rods, and all of the first upper horizontal rods, the first lower horizontal rods and the first vertical rods form a three-dimensional lower rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the first concave connecting blocks, the walking wheels and the leveling legs are each provided with four, and the four first concave connecting blocks are arranged on the upper end surface of the lower support section corresponding to the first vertical rods, and the four walking wheels are respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the lower end surface of the lower support section, and two of the leveling legs are respectively arranged on the two first lower horizontal rods between the two walking wheels on the same side, and the leveling legs include two nuts, a rocker and a palm foot, and one of the nuts is fixed on On the upper end surface of the first lower flat rod, a through hole is provided on the first lower flat rod corresponding to the nut, and the rocker is connected with the palm foot after passing through the nut and the through hole, and another nut is provided on the palm foot and the rocker at the lower end surface of the first lower flat rod, and short flat oblique rods are welded at the connection points of the four first upper flat rods, and the four short flat oblique rods all point to the positioning ring and are fixedly connected to the positioning ring, and the positioning ring is arranged at the center point of the upper end surface of the lower support section, and the upper end surface of the short flat oblique rod is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end surface of the positioning ring and the upper end surface of the first upper flat rod, and a level box or a level ruler is provided on the short flat oblique rod.

3. The electric probe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle supporting section includes four second upper horizontal rods, four second lower horizontal rods and four second vertical rods, and all of the second upper horizontal rods, the second lower horizontal rods and the second vertical rods form a three-dimensional middle rectangular parallelepiped structure, wherein two parallel rotating shafts are arranged between two relatively arranged second upper horizontal rods, a positioning bearing is arranged at the center position of the two parallel rotating shafts, the drop hammer rod is arranged between the two positioning bearings, and the two sides of the drop hammer rod are respectively connected to the two positioning bearings, a support platform is arranged on the inner side of any second upper horizontal rod, a support rod is fixed at the lower end of the support platform, the lower end of the support rod is arranged on the second lower horizontal rod, the motor is fixed on the support platform, a control disk for controlling the motor is arranged on one side of the support platform, and a lower sprocket is arranged on the main shaft of the motor.

4. The electric probe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper supporting section includes four third upper horizontal rods, four third lower horizontal rods and four third vertical rods, and all of the third upper horizontal rods, the third lower horizontal rods and the third vertical rods form a three-dimensional rectangular structure, wherein two parallel transmission shafts are arranged between two relatively arranged third upper horizontal rods, and the setting direction of the transmission shaft is perpendicular to the setting direction of the rotating shaft. A lifting gear is arranged at the center position of each of the two transmission shafts, and a drop hammer rod is arranged between the two lifting gears and is connected to the drop hammer rod. A meshing gear is respectively arranged on the same side of the two lifting gears on the two transmission shafts, one of the meshing gears is a driving wheel, and the other meshing gear is a driven wheel. An upper sprocket wheel is also arranged on the transmission shaft provided with the driving wheel, and the upper sprocket wheel is connected to the lower sprocket wheel through the chain.

5. The electric probe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating shaft and the second upper flat rod, as well as the transmission shaft and the third upper flat rod are connected via a positioning frame, the positioning frame includes a second connecting plate, a support bearing and an "Λ"-shaped positioning plate, the second connecting plate is arranged on the upper end surface of the second upper flat rod or the third upper flat rod, the second connecting plate is provided with the "Λ"-shaped positioning plate, the support bearing is provided on the side of the "Λ"-shaped positioning plate away from the second connecting plate, and the rotating shaft or the transmission shaft is provided in the support bearing.

6. The method for assembling and using an electric probe according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Assemble the lower support section S1: Use square steel to make four first upper horizontal bars, four first lower horizontal bars, two horizontal and oblique bars and four first vertical bars according to the required size, select a sturdy and horizontal workbench, weld the four first upper horizontal bars, four first lower horizontal bars, two horizontal and oblique bars and four first vertical bars into a three-dimensional lower rectangular parallelepiped frame, wherein two of the horizontal and oblique bars are arranged on the two diagonal lines at the top of the rectangular parallelepiped frame; S2: Select a steel plate, cut and drill the steel plate to make four groups of first concave connecting blocks, four groups of second concave connecting blocks, four first convex connecting blocks and four second convex connecting blocks, first weld the four groups of first concave connecting blocks on the upper end surface of the lower rectangular parallelepiped frame, and respectively place them on the tops of the four first vertical rods, and use a level ruler to level them during the welding process to ensure that the tops of the four groups of first concave connecting blocks are in the same horizontal plane; S3: Select two short steel pipes with different diameters and lengths of 100 mm to make concentric pipes as positioning rings. When making them, first weld four short ribs on the outside of the inner ring and press them against the inside of the outer ring to form concentric circles with the inner and outer rings. Drill four bolt holes on the outer ring wall, insert long-rod bolts and press them against the outer wall of the inner ring to form a universal positioning ring. S4: Cut the two horizontal and oblique rods into four short horizontal and oblique rods according to the diagonal position, place the positioning ring at the middle intersection, weld the outer wall of the positioning ring and the four short horizontal and oblique rods into a whole, and ensure that the four first upper horizontal rods, the four short horizontal and oblique rods and the top surface of the positioning ring are in the same horizontal plane during the welding process; install a level box between any two short horizontal and oblique rods for horizontal testing, or use a level ruler to check the horizontality in two directions; S5: four running wheels are installed at the lower ends of the outer sides of the four first vertical rods, and the four running wheels are distributed on both sides of the lower rectangular parallelepiped frame to form a lower support section as a whole; then holes are drilled on the first lower horizontal rods at positions close to the running wheels to form through holes, nuts with an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the through holes are aligned with the through holes and welded to the upper end surfaces of the first lower horizontal rods, and nuts of the same type are welded to the square steel plates to form support legs, a crank-type rocker is used to pass through the nut on the first lower horizontal rod and screw into the nut on the support leg, and the crank-type rocker is rotated to make the support leg close to the ground, so as to adjust the lower support section to be in a horizontal state; S6: Install a tool box on one side of the outer side of the lower support section; Step 2: Assemble the support section S7: Using square steel, make four second upper horizontal bars, four second lower horizontal bars and four second vertical bars according to required sizes, select a sturdy and horizontal workbench, and weld the four second upper horizontal bars, four second lower horizontal bars and four second vertical bars into a three-dimensional medium rectangular parallelepiped frame; S8: Then, four first convex connection blocks are respectively welded at the bottom positions of the four second vertical rods on the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the welding positions correspond to the four groups of the first concave connection blocks at the upper end of the lower rectangular parallelepiped frame. Four groups of the second concave connection blocks are respectively welded at the top positions of the four second vertical rods. When welding, it is ensured that the top surfaces of the four first convex connection blocks are located in the same horizontal plane, and the top surfaces of the four groups of the second concave connection blocks are located in the same horizontal plane; S9: A support platform is welded by short square steel at the corner of the top surface of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame, the motor is arranged on the support platform, the lower sprocket is arranged on the motor, the motor and the support platform are supported by a rectangular steel, and the two ends of the rectangular steel are respectively welded to a suspended corner of the support platform and the second lower flat rod at the lower end of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame; S10: Two rotating shafts are installed between two corresponding second upper horizontal rods at the top of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame, and a positioning bearing is fixed in the middle of each of the two rotating shafts, and the rotating shaft is fixed to the inner sleeve of the positioning bearing by spot welding; the second upper horizontal rod and the rotating shaft are connected together by a first positioning frame, and when making the first positioning frame, a second connecting plate is first installed on the corresponding upper end surface of the second upper horizontal rod, the width of the second connecting plate is not greater than the width of the second upper horizontal rod, and the second connecting plate and the second upper horizontal rod are fixed by bolts, and a "Λ"-shaped positioning plate made of angle steel or short ribs is arranged on the second connecting plate, and a support bearing is arranged on the side of the positioning plate away from the second connecting plate, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are inserted into the inner sleeve of the support bearing and are fixed to the inner sleeve by spot welding; Step 3: Assemble the upper support section S11: using square steel, make four third upper horizontal bars, four third lower horizontal bars and four third vertical bars according to the required size, select a solid and horizontal workbench, and weld the four third upper horizontal bars, four third lower horizontal bars and four third vertical bars into a three-dimensional upper rectangular parallelepiped frame; S12: Then, four second convex connection blocks are respectively welded at the bottom positions of the four third vertical rods on the upper rectangular parallelepiped frame, and the welding positions correspond to the four groups of second concave connection blocks at the upper end of the middle rectangular parallelepiped frame. When welding, it is necessary to ensure that the top surfaces of the four second convex connection blocks are located in the same horizontal plane; S13: Two transmission shafts are installed between the two corresponding third upper horizontal rods on the top of the upper rectangular parallelepiped frame, and both ends of the two transmission shafts are connected to the third upper horizontal rod through a second positioning frame, and the structure of the second positioning frame is consistent with that of the first positioning frame. The setting direction of the transmission shaft and the setting direction of the rotating shaft are perpendicular to each other, and one lifting gear is installed in the middle of each of the two transmission shafts. A meshing gear is set on the same side of the two lifting gears on the two transmission shafts, and the two meshing gears are meshed with each other, wherein the right meshing gear is a driving wheel, and the left meshing gear is a driven wheel. An upper sprocket is also set on the rotating shaft on the side of the driving wheel, and the upper sprocket is connected to the lower sprocket on the motor through a chain; Step 4: Install the upper support section, middle support section and lower support section as a whole S14: Select a flat and solid soil surface, level the surface, push the lower support section to the test point, and level the lower support section as a whole by means of a level box or a level ruler, using the crank rocker and the support feet suspended on the lower support section according to the flatness of the surface; S15: After the penetration rod passes through the positioning ring, stand it on the ground, lift the drop hammer, align its center with the center of the top of the penetration rod, and connect the guide rod to fix the drop hammer; S16: lift the middle support section, insert the four first convex connection blocks at its lower end into the four groups of the first concave connection blocks at the top of the lower support section, and insert the first pins respectively to fix them; then pass the drop hammer rod through the guide rod, align the bolt holes on the first connection plate at its lower end with the bolt holes on the top surface of the drop hammer, insert the bolts and tighten them; because the upper end of the drop hammer rod is higher than the top of the upper support section, when the drop hammer rod passes through the middle support section, it passes between the two positioning bearings, and the guide grooves on both sides of the drop hammer rod are in contact with the two positioning bearings respectively, and the two positioning bearings are lightly pressed in the guide grooves on both sides of the drop hammer rod; S17: lift the upper support section, insert the four second convex connection blocks at the lower end of the upper support section into the four groups of the second concave connection blocks at the top of the middle support section, and insert the second pins respectively to fix them; because the top of the drop hammer rod exceeds the top of the upper support section, when the drop hammer rod passes through the upper support section, it passes between the two lifting gears, and the toothed belt parts on both sides of the drop hammer rod are respectively pressed against the starting parts of the gear rings on the two lifting gears, and the two meshing gears are adjusted so that their gear teeth are pressed tightly; adjust the upper sprocket and install the chain, and at the same time adjust the position of the motor installed on the support platform of the middle support section, and install the chain on the lower sprocket; S18: After installation, temporarily fix the upper support section, turn on the power, start the motor, observe the operation and make fine adjustments. After normal operation, level the whole machine again and fix them separately. Install the control panel on one side of the middle support section. S19: Install a counter at the top of the upper support section near the lifting gear, aiming its sensing probe at a reference point on the gear, and counting the number of hammer strikes according to the number of rotations of the lifting gear; Step 5: Complete the test S20: The motor is used to drive the lifting gear through the chain transmission to rotate, and the ring gear on the lifting gear is fastened to the toothed belts on both sides of the drop hammer rod to drive the drop hammer to move upward. At the moment when the ring gear is disengaged from the toothed belt, the drop hammer falls in a free fall manner and hits the top of the penetration rod. The lifting gear repeatedly rotates and hits continuously until the designed penetration depth is reached. The counter installed at the top of the upper section records the number of hits to complete the detection; S21: When the detection is finished, the drop hammer is removed, the penetration rod is covered with the rope loop on the cable, the motor is started, and the two lifting gears are driven to rotate simultaneously to pull out the penetration rod.

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