An implantation tool for patients with femoral neck fractures

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, particularly to the field of A61B17 / 68, and specifically to an implantation tool for implants in patients with femoral neck fractures. The present invention provides an implantation tool for implants in patients with femoral neck fractures, comprising a first component and a second component; the first component comprises a first straight portion, the first straight portion is provided with an open slot; the first component further comprises an extension portion, the extension portion extends from the proximal end of the first straight portion to the opposite direction of the open slot; the extension portion forms an acute angle with the first straight portion; the second component comprises a second straight portion, the second straight portion is arranged in cooperation with the first straight portion through the open slot; the second component further comprises a channel portion, the channel portion overlaps and is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the second straight portion, and is fixedly connected with the distal end separated by a certain distance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to the field of A61B17 / 68, and specifically to an implantation tool for implants in patients with femoral neck fractures. Background Art

[0002] Femoral neck fracture is a common type of fracture in clinical practice, which is often caused by low-energy injuries in middle-aged and elderly patients and high-energy injuries in young patients. The Chinese patent with publication number CN211300278U provides an angle-stabilized intramedullary fixation device for femoral neck fracture, which uses three hollow screws to fix the broken femoral neck. The dispersed fixation increases the anti-rotation ability and enhances the stability of fracture reduction and healing; the Chinese patent with publication number CN108742807A provides a telescope structure for femoral neck fracture reduction, which includes: a sleeve and a first screw; the diameter of the first screw matches the diameter of the sleeve; the tail of the first screw is arranged in the sleeve; the head of the first screw is a threaded structure; the sleeve consists of three parts: the sleeve head, the sleeve middle and the sleeve bottom. In terms of biomechanical structure, the directional sliding structure of the independent sleeve and the locking screw can enhance the effect of synchronously limiting rotation while doubling the dynamic pressure effect. It can not only effectively overcome the defect of poor anti-rotation ability of traditional DHS, but also further maintain fracture reduction and tightness, reduce non-union rate and complications. For example, as shown in the above patent, the main internal fixation method is the DHS dynamic hip screw system, which has good mechanical stability, but is complicated to operate, has greater trauma and takes a long time to operate; the other is three hollow screw internal fixation, which is a minimally invasive procedure, but has poor mechanical stability, and patients cannot get out of bed as soon as possible after surgery, and the recovery time is long.

[0003] In recent years, a dynamic cross nail has emerged that combines the advantages of good mechanical stability of DHS and minimally invasive implantation of three hollow nails. It is used to treat femoral neck fractures. The structure includes an implant sleeve, a dynamic rod, a compression screw, a top plate, etc. The use of a dynamic cross nail to treat femoral neck fractures has a smaller incision and higher mechanical stability. However, the dynamic cross nail has a complex shape and structure, and a small incision, but it is difficult to implant. It is necessary to set up multiple implantation points on the femoral neck. It is necessary to provide an implantation tool that is simple and convenient to operate, has accurate implantation point selection, and does not require the expansion of the incision. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an implantation tool for patients with femoral neck fractures, comprising a first component and a second component; the first component comprises a first straight portion, which is provided with an open slot; the first component also comprises an extension portion, which extends from the proximal end of the first straight portion to the opposite side of the open slot; the extension portion forms an acute angle with the first straight portion; the second component comprises a second straight portion, which is matched with the first straight portion through the open slot; the second component also comprises a channel portion, which overlaps and is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the second straight portion, and is separated and fixedly connected with the distal end by a certain distance.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution, a clamping slot is provided at the distal end of the first straight portion, and an extending direction of the clamping slot is consistent with an extending direction of the extending portion.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, a plurality of first drill sleeve holes are arranged at one end of the extension portion away from the first straight portion, and the plurality of first drill sleeve holes are arranged in parallel on the extension portion.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the axial direction of the first drill sleeve hole is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion, and points from the end of the extension portion to the distal end of the first straight portion.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, a plurality of second drill sleeve holes are arranged at the distal end of the first straight portion, the second drill sleeve holes are arranged corresponding to the first drill sleeve holes, and the axes of the corresponding first drill sleeve holes and second drill sleeve holes are arranged to coincide with each other.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the proximal end of the first straight portion is provided with an internal thread.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, a positioning column is provided at the distal end of the second straight portion, the positioning column is configured as a smooth cylindrical structure, and a limiting structure is provided at the root of the positioning column.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, a threaded sleeve is provided at the proximal end of the second straight portion, and the proximal end of the second straight portion is provided with a stepped structure. The threaded sleeve and the second straight portion are provided with a one-way fixed connection in the axial direction and a rotatable connection in the circumferential direction.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the threaded sleeve is provided with an external thread, and the external thread of the threaded sleeve is matched with the internal thread of the first straight portion.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the channel portion is configured as a hollow cylindrical structure with openings at both ends.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] (1) The present invention provides an implantation tool for patients with femoral neck fractures, which is used in the treatment of patients with femoral neck fractures, and in particular, in the implantation of dynamic cross nails. The dynamic cross nails need to be implanted and fixed into the femoral neck from two different positions and from two different directions. If they are implanted separately, the fixation accuracy of the implant cannot be guaranteed, which has an irreversible impact on the treatment effect. The implantation tool provided by the present invention also provides implantation auxiliary components in two directions, and provides positioning and implantation of the main implant nail through the guide column; the hollow cylindrical structure of the through-hole portion introduces a pressurized screw to achieve fixation in the first direction; at the same time, the Rongguo drill sleeve hole provides positioning point selection in the second direction, implantation hole opening, and fixation of the implant nail.

[0016] (2) The implantation tool provided by the present invention comprises only two components, wherein the first component and the second component are both integrally formed structures, and the assembly method is simple. The assembly accuracy and matching stability are ensured by the combination of an open groove and a threaded sleeve for fixing.

[0017] (3) The implant tool provided by the present invention has a reasonable structural design. During use, all the distal parts of the implant tool and the tools used in conjunction with it converge at one point, and the parts that need to be separated and unfolded are all arranged at the distal end, thereby ensuring that the volume of the part entering the human body is very small, effectively reducing the required wound area, reducing damage to the patient, and maximizing the minimally invasive effect of the dynamic cross nail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an implantation tool for a femoral neck fracture patient provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first component;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of the first component;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the center C;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second component;

[0024] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the second component;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a reference diagram of the use status of the power cross nail;

[0026] Among them, 1-first component, 11-first straight portion, 1101-slot, 1102-second drill sleeve hole, 12-extension portion, 1201-first drill sleeve hole, 2-second component, 21-second straight portion, 2101-positioning column, 2102-threaded sleeve, 22-channel portion, 3-power cross nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In this article, "proximal" refers to the end of the medical device that is close to the doctor when the doctor is using it; "distal" refers to the end of the medical device that is away from the doctor when the doctor is using it. This terminology is in line with the commonly accepted practice in the medical device industry.

[0028] like Figure 8 As shown, the dynamic cross nail 3 includes a main implant nail and a fixing plate. The main implant nail and the fixing plate are set at a certain angle. The main implant nail is used to install the dynamic nail to complete the implant fixation in one direction, and the fixing plate is used to add the fixing screw to complete the implant fixation in the second direction, thereby fixing the femoral neck from two directions to ensure its structural strength.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 7 The implantation tool of an implant for a patient with a femoral neck fracture shown in the figure comprises a first component 1 and a second component 2; the first component 1 comprises a first straight portion 11, and the first straight portion 11 is provided with an open groove; the first component 1 also comprises an extension portion 12, and the extension portion 12 extends from the proximal end of the first straight portion 11 to the opposite side of the open groove; the extension portion 12 forms an acute angle with the first straight portion 11; the second component 2 comprises a second straight portion 21, and the second straight portion 21 is arranged in cooperation with the first straight portion 11 through the open groove; the second component 2 also comprises a channel portion 22, and the channel portion 22 is overlapped and fixedly connected with the proximal end of the second straight portion 21, and is separated and fixedly connected with the distal end by a certain distance.

[0030] In some preferred technical solutions, a slot 1101 is provided at the distal end of the first straight portion 11 , and an extending direction of the slot 1101 is consistent with an extending direction of the extending portion 12 .

[0031] In some preferred technical solutions, the slot is used to connect the fixing plate of the power cross nail, providing a mounting structure for the cooperation between the power cross nail and the implantation tool.

[0032] In some preferred technical solutions, a plurality of first drill sleeve holes 1201 are provided at one end of the extension portion 12 away from the first straight portion 11 , and the plurality of first drill sleeve holes 1201 are arranged in parallel on the extension portion 12 .

[0033] In some preferred technical solutions, the axial direction of the first drill sleeve hole 1201 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion 12 , and points from the end of the extension portion 12 to the distal end of the first straight portion 11 .

[0034] In some preferred technical solutions, a plurality of second drill sleeve holes 1102 are provided at the distal end of the first straight portion 11, and the second drill sleeve holes 1102 are provided corresponding to the first drill sleeve holes 1201, and the corresponding first drill sleeve holes 1201 and second drill sleeve holes 1102 are provided with axes coinciding with each other.

[0035] In some preferred technical schemes, the first drill sleeve hole and the second drill sleeve hole are used for the cooperation between the implantation tool and the drilling device. After the main implant nail is implanted and fixed, the fixing part is attached to the femoral neck. The drilling tool drills the femoral neck and implants the fixing screws through the positioning and fixing functions of the first drill sleeve hole and the second drill sleeve hole, thereby ensuring the structural strength of the dynamic cross nail.

[0036] In some preferred technical solutions, the proximal end of the first straight portion 11 is provided with an internal thread.

[0037] In some preferred technical solutions, a positioning column 2101 is provided at the distal end of the second straight portion 21 . The positioning column 2101 is configured as a smooth cylindrical structure, and a limiting structure is provided at the root of the positioning column 2101 .

[0038] In some preferred technical solutions, a threaded sleeve 2102 is provided at the proximal end of the second straight portion 21, and the proximal end of the second straight portion 21 is provided with a stepped structure. The threaded sleeve 2102 and the second straight portion 21 are provided with a one-way fixed connection in the axial direction and a rotatable connection in the circumferential direction.

[0039] In some preferred technical solutions, the threaded sleeve 2102 is provided with an external thread, and the external thread of the threaded sleeve 2102 is matched with the internal thread of the first straight portion 11 .

[0040] In some preferred technical solutions, the channel portion 22 is configured as a hollow cylindrical structure with openings at both ends; the hollow cylindrical structure of the channel portion is used for drilling and implantation fixation during the implantation process of the compression screw.

[0041] Working principle: install the sliding rod of the power cross nail 3 into the positioning inner hole of the implanted steel plate of the power cross nail 3, and then assemble the assembly platform of the power cross nail 3 with the card slot of the first component 1, install the second component 2 into the first component 1 through the opening slot of the first component 1, and insert the positioning column of the second component 2 into the positioning hole of the power cross nail 3. At this time, there is a certain gap between the end face of the positioning column of the second component 2 and the end face of the sliding rod of the power cross nail 3, which is convenient for the sliding rod to slide after surgery, realize the active pressurization of the fracture, and facilitate healing. Then the external thread of the second component 2 is matched with the internal thread of the first component 1 and tightened, so that the assembly relationship between the power cross nail 3 and the first component 1 is realized, and the power cross nail 3 will not fall out of the first component 1. The assembled structure of the dynamic cross nail 3 sliding rod and the dynamic cross nail 3 is implanted into the external leakage end of the steel plate and installed into the inner hole pre-drilled at the femoral neck fracture. The external leakage surface of the dynamic cross nail 3 slot contacts the femoral surface. After being placed in a suitable middle position, it is convenient for the drill bit and the sleeve to drill the bottom hole of the locking screw that needs to be implanted through the drill hole of the first component 1. The locking screw is taken with a wrench to screw the locking screw in through the sleeve and finally connected with the internal thread of the dynamic cross nail 3 implanted in the steel plate. Finally, the corresponding pressure screw is drilled with a drill bit through the drill bit and pressure screw hole of the second component 2 to drill out the bottom hole of the power cross nail 3 pressure screw, and then the drill bit is taken out, and the power cross nail 3 pressure screw is taken with a wrench to implant and lock the power cross nail 3 pressure screw through the drill bit and pressure screw hole of the second component 2, thereby completing the implantation of the dynamic cross nail 3 prosthesis.

Claims

1. An implantation tool for a patient with femoral neck fracture, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first component (1) and a second component (2); the first component (1) comprises a first straight portion (11), the first straight portion (11) being provided with an opening slot; the first component (1) further comprises an extension portion (12), the extension portion (12) extending from the proximal end of the first straight portion (11) in the direction opposite to the opening slot; the extension portion (12) and the first straight portion (11) form an acute angle; the second component (2) comprises a second straight portion (21), the second straight portion (21) and the first straight portion (11) are arranged in cooperation with each other through the opening slot; the second component (2) further comprises a channel portion (22), the channel portion (22) and the second straight portion (21) are overlapped and fixedly connected at the proximal end, and are separated and fixedly connected at the distal end by a certain distance; A slot (1101) is provided at the distal end of the first straight portion (11), and the extending direction of the slot (1101) is consistent with the extending direction of the extending portion (12); A positioning column (2101) is provided at the distal end of the second straight portion (21), the positioning column (2101) is configured as a smooth cylindrical structure, and a limiting structure is provided at the root of the positioning column (2101).

2. The implantation tool for the femoral neck fracture patient implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first drill sleeve holes (1201) are arranged at one end of the extension portion (12) away from the first straight portion (11), and the plurality of first drill sleeve holes (1201) are arranged in parallel on the extension portion (12).

3. The implantation tool for the femoral neck fracture patient implant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial direction of the first drill sleeve hole (1201) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the extension portion (12), and points from the end of the extension portion (12) to the distal end of the first straight portion (11).

4. The implantation tool for the femoral neck fracture patient implant according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of second drill sleeve holes (1102) are arranged at the distal end of the first straight portion (11), the second drill sleeve holes (1102) are arranged corresponding to the first drill sleeve holes (1201), and the axes of the corresponding first drill sleeve holes (1201) and second drill sleeve holes (1102) are arranged to coincide with each other.

5. The implantation tool for the femoral neck fracture patient implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal end of the first straight portion (11) is provided with an internal thread.

6. The implantation tool for the femoral neck fracture patient implant according to claim 5, characterized in that: A threaded sleeve (2102) is provided at the proximal end of the second straight portion (21); the proximal end of the second straight portion (21) is provided with a stepped structure; the threaded sleeve (2102) and the second straight portion (21) are provided with a one-way fixed connection in the axial direction and a rotatable connection in the circumferential direction.

7. The implantation tool for the femoral neck fracture patient implant according to claim 6, characterized in that: The threaded sleeve (2102) is provided with an external thread, and the external thread of the threaded sleeve (2102) is matched with the internal thread of the first straight portion (11).

8. The implantation tool for the femoral neck fracture patient implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel portion (22) is configured as a hollow cylindrical structure with openings at both ends.

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