Oil supply atomization device, combustion chamber device and micro jet engine

Abstract

The present invention discloses an oil supply atomization device, a combustion chamber device and a micro jet engine, comprising: an oil supply ring connected to an oil supply main pipe; an evaporator pipe, the evaporator pipe comprising a preheating part and an evaporator, one end of the preheating part is connected to the oil supply ring, the other end of the preheating part is connected to the evaporator, and the outer periphery of the preheating part is covered with a heat conductor. During operation, the oil supply main pipe supplies fuel to the oil supply ring, the fuel enters the evaporator pipe from the oil supply ring, the fuel first enters the preheating part, the heat conductor can quickly transfer the heat in the combustion chamber to the fuel entering the preheating part, so that the fuel enters the evaporator after rapid preheating, and is ejected after further heat transfer from the evaporator, which is conducive to sufficient preheating before the fuel enters the combustion chamber, so that the fuel is fully evaporated, and uniformly distributed atomized fuel hot steam is formed, the fuel has a high atomization degree, the combustion is more sufficient and stable, the combustion chamber is not prone to stall, and the micro jet engine is not prone to surge and air parking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of micro jet engine parts, and more specifically, to an oil supply atomization device. In addition, the present invention also relates to a combustion chamber device including the above-mentioned oil supply atomization device and a micro jet engine including the combustion chamber device. Background Art

[0002] In high-speed small aircraft and tiny gas turbine power units such as high-speed UAVs, cruise missiles, jet aircraft models, and target drones, the combustion chamber is a key component. The performance of the combustion chamber directly affects the performance and reliability of the entire engine.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to simplify the structure and reduce the size and weight of the combustion chamber, the fuel supply atomization device of the combustion chamber adopts a hook-shaped stainless steel evaporator tube, that is, the fuel is atomized by the hook-shaped stainless steel evaporator tube and then sprayed out, and the atomized fuel is mixed with the high-pressure air at the inlet of the combustion chamber to form a mixed gas, which is ignited by the igniter to establish a combustion condition.

[0004] However, the fuel in the hook-shaped stainless steel evaporator tube relies only on the short evaporator tube for heat transfer, which makes the evaporation process of the fuel insufficient, resulting in poor atomization of the fuel, leading to unstable combustion, excessive temperature at individual points and other problems. This will directly affect the normal working condition, reliability and stability of the tiny jet engine, and even cause surge and shutdown in severe cases.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the atomization degree of fuel is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an oil supply atomization device, which can fully evaporate the fuel before it enters the combustion chamber, so that the atomization degree of the fuel is high.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber device including the above-mentioned oil supply atomization device, wherein the combustion in the combustion chamber is stable and the temperature field is uniform.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a micro jet engine including the above combustion chamber device, which is not prone to surge and stall.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] An oil supply atomization device, comprising:

[0011] An oil supply ring connected to an oil supply main pipe;

[0012] The evaporator tube comprises a preheating part and an evaporating part, one end of the preheating part is connected to the oil supply ring, the other end of the preheating part is connected to the evaporating part, and the outer periphery of the preheating part is covered with a heat conducting member.

[0013] Optionally, the heat conducting member is a copper tube or a nickel-copper tube.

[0014] Optionally, the evaporation part is a coil.

[0015] Optionally, the coil is wound around two or more turns.

[0016] Optionally, there are several evaporator tubes, and all of the evaporator tubes are evenly distributed along the oil supply ring.

[0017] A combustion chamber device comprises a combustion chamber shell for forming a combustion chamber, and also comprises any one of the above-mentioned oil supply atomization devices, wherein the oil supply ring of the oil supply atomization device is connected to the air intake end of the combustion chamber shell, and the evaporation tube of the oil supply atomization device is located in the combustion chamber.

[0018] Optionally, the direction of the outlet of the evaporation portion is opposite to the direction of the inlet airflow of the combustion chamber.

[0019] Optionally, the preheating part is a straight tube, and the length direction of the straight tube is parallel to the direction of the inlet airflow of the combustion chamber.

[0020] Optionally, the combustion chamber casing comprises an outer ring casing and an inner ring casing, and a flow guide reinforcement member is provided between the outer ring casing and the inner ring casing near the outlet end of the combustion chamber.

[0021] A micro jet engine comprises any one of the above combustion chamber devices.

[0022] The oil supply atomization device provided by the present invention is applied to the combustion chamber of a micro jet engine. When working, fuel is supplied to the oil supply ring through the oil supply main pipe, and the fuel is distributed to the evaporator tube via the oil supply ring. After coming out of the oil supply ring, the fuel first enters the preheating part of the evaporator tube. Since the outer periphery of the preheating part is coated with a heat conductor, the heat conductor can quickly transfer the heat in the combustion chamber to the fuel entering the preheating part, so that the fuel enters the evaporator after rapid preheating, and is ejected after further heat transfer from the evaporator. In this way, it is beneficial to fully preheat the fuel before it is ejected from the outlet of the evaporator, so that the evaporation process of the fuel can be fully carried out to form evenly distributed atomized fuel hot steam. The atomization degree of the fuel is high, so that the combustion is more complete and stable, so that the temperature field of the combustion chamber is also evenly distributed, avoiding the phenomenon of excessive temperature at individual points, and the combustion chamber is not prone to stalling, and the micro jet engine is not prone to surge and mid-air parking.

[0023] The combustion chamber device provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned oil supply atomization device and has the above-mentioned beneficial effects.

[0024] The micro jet engine provided by the present invention includes the above combustion chamber device and has the above beneficial effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an oil supply atomization device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view of

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a combustion chamber device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The main view of

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Middle AA section view;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Middle BB section view;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a micro jet engine provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of

[0034] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Partial schematic diagram of C in the figure.

[0035] Figures 1 to 9 The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0036] 101 is an oil supply ring, 102 is an oil supply main pipe, 103 is a heat conducting member, 104 is a coil, and 105 is an atomizing nozzle;

[0037] 201 is a combustion chamber, 202 is a combustion chamber shell, 203 is an inlet airflow, 204 is a flow guide reinforcement, 205 is an outlet gas flow, 206 is an inner heat shield, 207 is an outer heat shield, 208 is an igniter, 209 is a combustion zone, and 210 is an oil and gas atomization zone;

[0038] 301 is a centrifugal compressor, 302 is an air inlet and a fairing, 303 is a gas turbine, 304 is a tail nozzle, and 305 is a connecting shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The core of the present invention is to provide an oil supply atomization device, which can fully evaporate the fuel before entering the combustion chamber 201, so that the fuel has a high degree of atomization. Another core of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber device including the above-mentioned oil supply atomization device, wherein the combustion in the combustion chamber 201 is stable and the temperature field is uniform. Another core of the present invention is to provide a micro jet engine including the above-mentioned combustion chamber device, which is not prone to surge and stall.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 9 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an oil supply atomization device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view of Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a combustion chamber device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The main view of Figure 5 for Figure 4 Middle AA section view; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Middle BB section view; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a micro jet engine provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Partial schematic diagram of C in the figure.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides an oil supply atomization device, including an oil supply ring 101 and an evaporating tube, the oil supply ring 101 is connected to an oil supply main pipe 102, the evaporating tube includes a preheating part and an evaporating part, one end of the preheating part is connected to the oil supply ring 101, and the other end of the preheating part is connected to the evaporating part, and the outer periphery of the preheating part is coated with a heat conductor 103.

[0043] It should be noted that the fuel supply atomization device is mainly used in the combustion chamber 201 of the micro jet engine. When working, the fuel is supplied to the fuel supply ring 101 through the fuel supply main pipe 102, and the fuel is distributed to the evaporation tube through the fuel supply ring 101. After the fuel comes out of the fuel supply ring 101, it first enters the preheating part of the evaporation tube. Since the outer periphery of the preheating part is covered with a heat conductor 103, the heat conductor 103 can quickly transfer the heat in the combustion chamber 201 to the fuel entering the preheating part, so that the fuel is quickly preheated and enters the evaporation part. After further heat transfer from the evaporation part, Spraying, in this way, is conducive to sufficient preheating of the fuel before it is sprayed out from the outlet of the evaporation part, which is very beneficial for the fuel to enter the combustion chamber 201 for full combustion, so that the evaporation process of the fuel can be fully carried out, forming evenly distributed atomized fuel hot steam, and the high degree of atomization of the fuel makes the combustion more complete and stable, so that the temperature field of the combustion chamber 201 is also evenly distributed, avoiding the phenomenon of excessive temperature at individual points, the combustion chamber 201 is not prone to stall, and the micro jet engine is not prone to surge and mid-air parking.

[0044] It is understandable that the thermal conductivity of the heat conductor 103 is greater than that of the preheating part and the evaporation part, so as to improve the thermal conductivity and quickly preheat the fuel. The present embodiment does not limit the specific material of the heat conductor 103. In one embodiment, the heat conductor 103 is a copper tube or a nickel copper tube. That is, a copper tube or a nickel copper tube is sleeved on the periphery of the preheating part, and the high thermal conductivity of the copper tube or the nickel copper tube is used to quickly preheat the fuel, ensuring a high degree of atomization of the fuel.

[0045] In order to further improve the atomization degree of the fuel, in one embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the evaporation part is a coil 104. The coil 104 is conducive to increasing the contact area between the fuel therein and the high temperature environment of the combustion chamber 201, ensuring that the fuel in the coil 104 has a sufficient contact area with the high temperature environment of the combustion chamber 201, so that the fuel can be fully evaporated before being sprayed out from the evaporation part, and the atomization degree of the fuel is improved. In addition, since the fuel entering the coil 104 is preheated by the heat conductor 103, the preheated mist oil vapor expands due to heat, which increases the pressure in the coil 104. Therefore, the fuel entering the coil 104 is thrown out along the high-speed rotation of the coil 104, playing the role of a small centrifugal jet pump, so that the fuel sprayed from the coil 104 and the air in the combustion chamber 201 are mixed more evenly, the atomization degree is higher, which is more conducive to full combustion, and is conducive to improving the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber 201. In this way, complex fuel supply systems such as complex centrifugal rotating fuel injectors are omitted.

[0046] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of the coil 104 is provided with an atomizing nozzle 105, which is conducive to spraying vapor atomized fuel.

[0047] In one embodiment, the coil 104 is a stainless steel coil, which has a strong ability to withstand high temperatures and, combined with the good thermal conductivity of the heat conductor 103, is conducive to ensuring rapid preheating of the fuel.

[0048] In one embodiment, the coil 104 is wound almost in one plane so as to make full use of limited space and increase the heat exchange contact area for preheating.

[0049] In one embodiment, the number of turns of the coil 104 is more than two. For example, the number of turns of the coil 104 is two or three. Specifically, it can be determined according to the thrust level of the micro jet engine used by the oil supply atomization device to ensure a better preheating effect.

[0050] In addition, in order to form very uniform atomized oil and gas at the head of the combustion chamber 201, based on the above embodiment, the number of evaporation tubes is several, and all evaporation tubes are evenly distributed along the oil supply ring 101. This is conducive to evenly distributing the evaporation tubes in the cross section of the combustion chamber 201, and is conducive to forming very uniform atomized oil and gas at the head of the combustion chamber 201.

[0051] In addition to the above-mentioned oil supply atomization device, the present invention also provides a combustion chamber device including the oil supply atomization device disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the combustion chamber device also includes a combustion chamber shell 202 for forming a combustion chamber 201 , the oil supply ring 101 of the oil supply atomization device is connected to the air intake end of the combustion chamber shell 202 , and the evaporation tube of the oil supply atomization device is located in the combustion chamber 201 .

[0052] The combustion chamber device is characterized in that: the oil supply atomization device disclosed in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments is adopted. Since the evaporation tube of the oil supply atomization device includes a preheating part and an evaporation part, the outer periphery of the preheating part is coated with a heat conductor 103. When working, the heat conductor 103 can quickly transfer the heat in the combustion chamber 201 to the fuel entering the preheating part, so that the fuel enters the evaporation part after rapid preheating, and is ejected after further heat transfer from the evaporation part, which is beneficial to fully preheat the fuel before it is ejected from the outlet of the evaporation part, which is very beneficial for the fuel to enter the combustion chamber 201 for full combustion, so that the evaporation process of the fuel can be fully carried out to form evenly distributed atomized fuel hot steam, and the fuel has a high degree of atomization, so that the combustion is more complete and stable, so that the temperature field of the combustion chamber 201 is also evenly distributed, avoiding the phenomenon of excessive temperature at individual points, and the combustion chamber 201 is not prone to stall.

[0053] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the combustion chamber 201 is an annular combustion chamber.

[0054] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the combustion chamber device further includes an inner heat shield 206 and an outer heat shield 207, and the combustion chamber housing 202 is disposed between the inner heat shield 206 and the outer heat shield 207. The inner heat shield 206 and the outer heat shield 207 are used to prevent the high temperature in the combustion chamber 201 from affecting the normal operation of the components located outside the combustion chamber 201.

[0055] It is understandable that if Figure 3 As shown, an igniter 208 is provided in the combustion chamber 201. The fuel sprayed from the evaporator tube is fully mixed with the high-pressure air at the inlet of the combustion chamber 201, forming a very uniform atomized oil gas (a mixture of fuel and air) at the head of the combustion chamber 201, which is ignited by the igniter 208 to establish a combustion condition with stable flame, uniform temperature field and pressure field.

[0056] In one embodiment, the direction of the outlet of the evaporation part is opposite to the direction of the inlet airflow 203 of the combustion chamber 201. That is, after the fuel is sprayed out from the outlet of the evaporation part, it collides with the inlet airflow 203 of the combustion chamber 201, which is conducive to using the inlet airflow 203 to blow away the fuel sprayed from the outlet of the evaporation part, so that the fuel can be fully mixed and sprayed with the inlet airflow 203 of the combustion chamber 201, ensuring that a very uniform atomized oil gas is formed at the head of the combustion chamber 201.

[0057] In one embodiment, the preheating part is a straight tube, and the length direction of the straight tube is parallel to the direction of the inlet airflow 203 of the combustion chamber 201. This embodiment prevents the structure of the preheating part from generating resistance to the inlet airflow 203 of the combustion chamber 201, causing airflow loss, and avoiding the generation of vortices, etc. by reasonably arranging the preheating part.

[0058] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the combustion chamber housing 202 includes an outer ring housing and an inner ring housing, and a flow guide reinforcement member 204 is provided between the outer ring housing and the inner ring housing near the outlet end of the combustion chamber 201. That is, in this embodiment, by adding the flow guide reinforcement member 204 at a position between the outer ring housing and the inner ring housing near the outlet end of the combustion chamber 201, the structural strength of the combustion chamber housing 202 is improved, the stability of the overall structure of the combustion chamber device is ensured, and vibration is reduced.

[0059] In one embodiment, the flow guide reinforcement member 204 is a plate-shaped member. It is understood that the plane of the plate-shaped member is parallel to the direction of the outlet gas flow 205 at the outlet of the combustion chamber 201. Furthermore, the cross section of the plate-shaped member is a wing-shaped streamline structure to guide the outlet gas flow 205 and prevent the flow guide reinforcement member 204 from hindering the flow of the outlet gas flow 205.

[0060] In addition to the above-mentioned fuel atomization device and combustion chamber device, such as Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a micro jet engine including the combustion chamber device disclosed in the above embodiment. For the structures of other parts of the micro jet engine, please refer to the prior art and will not be described in detail herein.

[0061] That is to say, the micro jet engine provided in this embodiment is characterized in that it adopts the combustion chamber device disclosed in any one of the above embodiments, and the combustion chamber device adopts the fuel supply atomization device disclosed in any one of the above embodiments, so that the atomization degree of the fuel is higher, which is more conducive to complete combustion, and avoids the micro jet engine from surging and stalling in the air.

[0062] In one embodiment, Figure 7 and 8 As shown, the micro jet engine also includes a centrifugal compressor 301, an air inlet and a fairing 302, a gas turbine 303 and a tail nozzle 304. The combustion chamber 201 is located between the centrifugal compressor 301 and the gas turbine 303, and the centrifugal compressor 301 and the gas turbine 303 are connected by a connecting shaft 305. The air inlet and the fairing 302 are arranged on the outer periphery of the centrifugal compressor 301, and the tail nozzle 304 is arranged at one end of the gas turbine 303 away from the combustion chamber 201.

[0063] The following is combined Figure 8 and 9 , the working principle of the combustion chamber 201 of the micro jet engine is introduced.

[0064] The starting of the micro jet engine generally needs to be completed on the ground, and it is necessary to use the ground external starter to drive the micro jet engine to rotate, and use gas fuel such as natural gas as the fuel for starting the micro jet engine. The ignition circuit of the igniter 208 in the combustion chamber 201 is connected, and the mixed gas of gas fuel such as natural gas and air is ignited, and a stable combustion environment begins to be established in the combustion chamber 201. After the micro jet engine is successfully started and stably rotates, the micro jet engine is disconnected from the ground starter, and at the same time converted to liquid fuel to supply the micro jet engine. At this time, the micro jet engine is successfully ignited and starts to work stably.

[0065] When the micro jet engine is working normally, the fire in the combustion chamber 201 (continuous combustion) will always be maintained, and then the high temperature generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber 201 will be used to preheat the fuel distributed to each evaporator by the oil supply ring 101 of the oil supply atomization device. After being evenly and fully heated in the evaporator, the fuel expands and sprays out from the outlet of the evaporator, and finally mixes with the fresh air entering the head of the combustion chamber 201 at the outlet of the evaporator to form a mist-like mixed gas composed of very small oil droplets. When encountering the fire, a large area of ​​combustion area 209 is generated and stabilized near the middle section of the combustion chamber 201. After combustion, the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas is sprayed downstream with the air flow, passes through the guide blades, and then drives the gas turbine 303 to rotate, and then the gas turbine 303 drives the centrifugal compressor 301 to rotate and work together through the connecting shaft 305. Finally, the combustion gas passing through the gas turbine 303 is accelerated and sprayed out through the tail nozzle 304 to generate the thrust of the micro jet engine.

[0066] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0067] The above is a detailed introduction to the oil supply atomization device, combustion chamber device and micro jet engine provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation method of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil supply atomizing device, characterized in that: include: An oil supply ring (101) connected to an oil supply main pipe (102); An evaporator tube, the evaporator tube comprising a preheating part and an evaporation part, one end of the preheating part is connected to the oil supply ring (101), the other end of the preheating part is connected to the evaporation part, the outer periphery of the preheating part is covered with a heat conducting member (103); the heat conducting member can transfer heat in the combustion chamber to the fuel entering the preheating part; The evaporation part is a coil (104); the number of turns of the coil (104) is more than two; the number of evaporation tubes is a plurality, and all the evaporation tubes are evenly distributed along the oil supply ring (101); The heat conducting member (103) is a copper tube or a nickel copper tube.

2. A combustion chamber device, comprising a combustion chamber housing (202) for forming a combustion chamber (201), characterized in that: It also includes the oil supply atomization device according to claim 1, wherein the oil supply ring (101) of the oil supply atomization device is connected to the air intake end of the combustion chamber shell (202), and the evaporation tube of the oil supply atomization device is located in the combustion chamber (201).

3. The combustion chamber device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direction of the outlet of the evaporation portion is opposite to the direction of the inlet airflow (203) of the combustion chamber (201).

4. The combustion chamber device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preheating portion is a straight tube, and the length direction of the straight tube is parallel to the direction of the inlet airflow (203) of the combustion chamber (201).

5. The combustion chamber device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The combustion chamber casing (202) comprises an outer ring casing and an inner ring casing, and a flow guide reinforcement member (204) is provided between the outer ring casing and the inner ring casing near the outlet end of the combustion chamber (201).

6. A micro jet engine, characterized in that: A combustion chamber device comprising any one of claims 2-5.

Images