Double bottom structure of a hull and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

A double bottom structure of a hull and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising a bottom plate and an inner bottom plate, a solid rib plate welded between the bottom plate and the inner bottom plate, an opening for installing a longitudinal bone is provided on the solid rib plate, the opening comprising a first opening and a second opening, the first opening and the second opening being connected via a longitudinal groove, a longitudinal bone is installed in the opening, the longitudinal bone is welded to the bottom plate or the inner bottom plate, and the longitudinal bone is welded to the solid rib plate via the longitudinal groove. With the above structure, the longitudinal bone is not welded to the solid rib plate by a patch plate, but is directly welded to the solid rib plate, which solves the problem that the longitudinal bone and the solid rib plate are not conducive to welding by welding a patch plate, optimizes the transverse strength and local strength of the double bottom structure of the hull, improves the welding quality, and thus enhances the safety performance of the ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shipbuilding, and in particular to a double-bottom structure of a hull and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The design practice of the double bottom structure of existing ships is based on the current "Specifications" and industry standards. The frame materials (longitudinal bones) of the structure assembly are all carried out with openings larger than the frame materials. However, the special structure of the double bottom forms a limited height between the bottom plate and the inner bottom plate. Since the construction and inspection personnel in this narrow space need to pass through the double bottom plate compartment and subsequent maintenance, manholes must be opened on the solid ribs. The remaining height of the solid ribs at the points where the inner and outer bottom longitudinal bones pass above and below the manhole range is reduced. In order to ensure the lateral and local strength of the ship's hull structure at the opening of such longitudinal bones, the specifications require the use of patch plates for reinforcement; however, the patch plates are reinforced by welding using the web plate method. Generally, because the construction workers are working in the narrow space of the double bottom, especially where the bottom longitudinals and inner bottom longitudinals need to be welded, the distance between the upper edge or lower edge of the patch plate and the inner bottom plate or the bottom plate is too small, and the space is too low, which is not conducive to normal welding. The normal welding of the welds between the solid ribs and the patch plates requires a space at an angle of 45°, but this welding angle is too small to form a suitable 45° angle for welding within the space of the welding rod length because the distance to the bottom plate is too small, resulting in low quality of the fillet welds connecting the patch plate and the solid ribs, forming a pain point with welding defects, which makes the welding quality of the patch plates inherently difficult to construct and fails to meet the excellent quality standards.

[0003] Similarly, the upper and lower edges of the connecting brackets between the longitudinals and the watertight ribs are also too close to the inner bottom plate and the bottom plate, so the welding rod cannot be welded at a suitable 45° angle, resulting in low weld quality. For the above reasons, it is necessary to design a longitudinal opening that is conducive to normal welding, and a longitudinal connection method on the watertight ribs that is conducive to normal welding. It is very necessary to ensure welding quality.

[0004] According to statistics of many quality accidents of inland river ships, it is found that when loading large concentrated loads of goods such as steel ingots, rough stones and other single-unit heavy goods, the double-bottom solid ribs are hit by heavy objects during loading, and the solid ribs at the points where the manholes pass through and at the nodes are broken, and even extend to the bottom plate and inner bottom plate, causing serious damage to the bottom of the ship. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new double bottom structure and installation method, which is a beneficial contribution to avoiding quality accidents of double bottom structures of ships and improving the transverse strength and local strength of ship structures.

[0005] At present, some enterprises have made corresponding improvements. For example, CN106114758 B discloses a longitudinal bone through-hole structure with a keyhole. However, it still has a relatively large through-hole and uses a patch plate to connect the T-shaped longitudinal bone with the rib plate. When welding the patch plate, there is still a problem that the distance between the upper edge or the lower edge of the patch plate and the inner bottom plate or the bottom plate is too small, the space is too low, and normal welding cannot be performed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology and provide a double bottom structure of a hull, through which the problem that the distance between the upper edge or the lower edge of the patch plate and the inner bottom plate or the bottom plate is too small, the space is too low, and normal welding cannot be achieved, thereby optimizing the strength of the double bottom structure of the ship and improving the welding quality.

[0007] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a double bottom structure of a hull, by which the welding quality of the connecting welds is improved, the structural strength of the double bottom is increased, and thus the safety performance of the ship is enhanced.

[0008] In order to realize the above-mentioned technical features, the object of the present invention is realized as follows: A double bottom structure of a hull comprises a bottom plate and an inner bottom plate, solid ribs are welded between the bottom plate and the inner bottom plate, the solid ribs are provided with openings for installing longitudinal bones, the openings comprise a first opening and a second opening, the first opening and the second opening are connected by a longitudinal groove, longitudinal bones are installed in the openings, the longitudinal bones are welded to the bottom plate or the inner bottom plate, and the longitudinal bones are welded to the solid ribs through the longitudinal grooves.

[0009] The opening includes a lower opening close to the bottom plate and an upper opening close to the inner bottom plate, the longitudinal bones include a bottom longitudinal bone and an inner bottom longitudinal bone, the bottom longitudinal bone is inserted into the lower opening, the inner bottom longitudinal bone is inserted into the upper opening, the bottom longitudinal bone is welded to the bottom plate, the inner bottom longitudinal bone is welded to the inner bottom plate, and the bottom longitudinal bone and the inner bottom longitudinal bone are welded to the solid rib plate through longitudinal grooves.

[0010] The width of the longitudinal groove is 2-5 mm greater than the thickness of the longitudinal bone for welding into the opening.

[0011] A method for manufacturing a double-bottom structure of a hull is implemented by using the double-bottom structure of a hull, and comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1. Open upper and lower openings on the solid ribs for installing the bottom longitudinals and inner bottom longitudinals. The upper and lower openings are located at the wing width of the inner bottom longitudinals and bottom longitudinals and are still opened with the existing standard node opening radius size. The width of the longitudinal groove is 2~5mm larger than the thickness of the inner longitudinals for welding to the opening;

[0013] S2. After the bottom plate or inner bottom plate is assembled by spot welding in sections, it is welded by submerged arc automatic welding. After welding, it is turned over by lifting equipment and then the second side is welded by automatic welding;

[0014] S3. Mark structural lines on the bottom plating and inner bottom plating;

[0015] S4. Welding and installation of inner keel, watertight rib, side keel 1, solid rib, side keel 2;

[0016] S5. After the above components are installed, the bottom longitudinal is longitudinally conveyed and installed in place through the lower opening cut by the solid rib;

[0017] S6. The inner bottom longitudinals are installed in the same way as the bottom longitudinals. The inner bottom longitudinals are transported and installed through the upper opening cut by the solid floor plate. The remaining components are installed in the same way.

[0018] S7. After that, the double bottom sections are generally formed and can be welded. The welding is carried out symmetrically. The connection between the bottom longitudinals and the inner bottom longitudinals and the solid ribs forms a right-angle weld. The welding workers can weld with the welding rod in a horizontal direction and at an angle of 45°.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The bottom longitudinals and inner bottom longitudinals are not welded with the solid ribs by the patch plates, but directly welded with the solid ribs. When welding, there will be no shielding of components such as the bottom plate or the inner bottom plate, and the welding can be conveniently performed, avoiding the pain point that the upper and lower corner welds of the patch plates are not of high welding quality due to the small distance between the bottom plate and the double bottom and the welds, and there is no suitable welding angle. The welding quality can be effectively guaranteed, and the disadvantage that the longitudinals and solid ribs are not conducive to welding by welding the patch plates is solved, and the transverse strength and local strength of the double bottom structure of the hull are optimized, and the welding quality is improved, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the ship. It can also reduce the construction cost, reduce the weight of the hull structure, and increase the loading weight for the ship, which can make a beneficial contribution to improving the economic benefits of the ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a double bottom structure of a ship in the prior art.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of opening holes on solid ribs and installing longitudinal bones in the prior art.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The AA section structure diagram shows the state of the welding rod when welding the patch plate.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2Schematic diagram of the upper opening structure at B in the middle.

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the lower opening structure at point C in the middle.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the double bottom structure of the hull adopting the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the opening structure on the solid rib plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention when the inner bottom longitudinal bone is installed in the upper opening.

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom longitudinal bone installed in the lower opening of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of opening holes on the solid floor and installing longitudinal bones according to the present invention.

[0031] Fig.11 for Fig.10 The structural schematic diagram in the middle D direction shows the state of the welding rod when the longitudinal bones and solid ribs are welded.

[0032] Fig.12 The present invention is used to manufacture the double-layer structure of the bottom of the ship, and the bottom longitudinal bones and the inner bottom longitudinal bones are installed.

[0033] Fig.13 for Fig.12 The bottom longitudinal bone installation status diagram is shown in Figure 2.

[0034] Fig.14 for Fig.12 , the diagram of the inner bottom longitudinal bones being installed.

[0035] In the figure: bottom plating 1, solid floor 2, non-watertight solid floor 3, bottom longitudinal girder 4, bottom longitudinal 5, inner bottom longitudinal 6, brackets 7 connecting the longitudinals and watertight floors, and inner bottom plating 9;

[0036] An upper opening 10 , a lower opening 11 , a first opening 12 , a second opening 13 , and a longitudinal groove 14 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] See also Figure 1-11A double bottom structure of a hull comprises a bottom plate 1 and an inner bottom plate 9, a solid rib 2 is welded between the bottom plate 1 and the inner bottom plate 9, the solid rib 2 is provided with an opening for installing a longitudinal bone, the opening comprises a first opening 12 and a second opening 13, the first opening 12 and the second opening 13 are connected through a longitudinal groove 14, a longitudinal bone is installed in the opening, the longitudinal bone is welded to the bottom plate 1 or the inner bottom plate 9, and the longitudinal bone is welded to the solid rib 2 through the longitudinal groove 14. With the above structure, the longitudinal bones are not welded with the solid ribs 2 by the patch plates, but are directly welded with the solid ribs 2. When welding, there will be no shielding of components such as the bottom plate 1 or the inner bottom plate 9, and welding can be conveniently performed, avoiding the pain point that the upper and lower corner welds of the patch plates are not of high welding quality due to the small distance between the bottom plate and the double bottom and the welds, and there is no suitable welding angle, which can effectively ensure the welding quality, solve the problem that the longitudinal bones and the solid ribs are not conducive to welding by welding the patch plates, optimize the transverse strength and local strength of the double bottom structure of the hull, improve the welding quality, and thus enhance the safety performance of the ship. It can also reduce the construction cost and reduce the weight of the hull structure, which in turn increases the loading weight of the ship, and can make a beneficial contribution to improving the economic benefits of the ship.

[0040] For details, see Figure 7-10 The opening includes a lower opening 11 close to the bottom plate 1 and an upper opening 10 close to the inner bottom plate 9. The longitudinal bones include a bottom longitudinal bone 5 and an inner bottom longitudinal bone 6. The bottom longitudinal bone 5 is inserted into the lower opening 11, and the inner bottom longitudinal bone 6 is inserted into the upper opening 10. The bottom longitudinal bone 5 is welded to the bottom plate 1, and the inner bottom longitudinal bone 6 is welded to the inner bottom plate 9. The bottom longitudinal bone 5 and the inner bottom longitudinal bone 6 are welded to the solid rib 2 through the longitudinal groove 14.

[0041] See also Figure 8-9 Specifically, the width of the longitudinal groove 14 is 2-5 mm greater than the thickness of the longitudinal bone for welding into the opening, which facilitates the insertion and installation of the longitudinal bone and enables the longitudinal bone and the solid rib to be directly welded.

[0042] exist Figure 3 Among them, the welding rods near the inner bottom plate 9 and the welding rods near the bottom plate 1 cannot weld the patch plate at the optimal angle due to the interference between the inner bottom plate 9 and the bottom plate 1, so they can only be welded reluctantly. This is also a structural weak point where the manhole is opened. This problem is also a safety hazard that is ignored in the industry.

[0043] like Fig.11 As shown, the present invention solves this problem very well. During welding, the welding rod is not interfered by the inner bottom plate 9 and the bottom plate 1. The welding rod welds the patch plate at the optimal angle, which ensures the welding quality, thereby eliminating the potential safety hazard at this location and further enhancing the safety performance of the ship.

[0044] Embodiment 2:

[0045] See also Figure 12-14A method for manufacturing a double bottom structure of a hull is implemented by using the double bottom structure of a hull, and comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1. The upper opening 10 and the lower opening 11 are opened on the solid rib 2 for installing the bottom longitudinal 5 and the inner bottom longitudinal 6. The upper opening 10 and the lower opening 11 are located at the wing width of the inner bottom longitudinal 6 and the bottom longitudinal 5. The holes are still opened with the existing standard node opening radius size. The width of the longitudinal groove 14 is 2-5mm larger than the thickness of the longitudinal bone for welding into the opening; specifically, the width of the longitudinal groove 14 is preferably 3mm larger than the thickness of the longitudinal bone for welding into the opening, which can facilitate the insertion of the bottom longitudinal 5 and the inner bottom longitudinal 6, and can facilitate welding. When the width of the longitudinal groove 14 is 2mm larger than the thickness of the longitudinal bone for welding into the opening, the insertion accuracy is higher. Although it is inconvenient to insert and install, it is convenient for welding; when it is 5mm larger, it is convenient for insertion, but slightly inconvenient for welding.

[0047] The upper opening 10 and the lower opening 11 are located at the width of the longitudinal wing plate, and the frame openings are still made with the existing standard node opening radius size. The solid floor plate 2 at the connection between the inner bottom longitudinal 6 and the inner bottom plate 9 is still made with the existing standard node opening radius as the through welding hole. The solid floor plate 2 at the connection between the bottom longitudinal 5 and the bottom plate 1 is also made with the existing standard node opening as the through welding hole and the bottom water flow hole. Specifically, the first opening 12 and the second opening 13 are still opened with the existing standard node opening radius size. It should be noted that the solid floor plate 2 includes watertight solid floor plates and non-watertight floor plates. Figure 12-14 In the figure, watertight ribs are indicated by serial number 2 and non-watertight ribs are indicated by serial number 3.

[0048] S2. After the bottom plate 1 or the inner bottom plate 9 is assembled by spot welding in sections, it is welded by submerged arc automatic welding. After the welding is completed, it is turned over by a lifting device, and then the second side is automatically welded.

[0049] S3. Draw structural lines on the bottom plating 1 and inner bottom plating 9.

[0050] S4. Welding and installation of inner keel, water-tight ribs, first side keel, non-water-tight ribs, and second side keel.

[0051] S5. After completing the installation of the above components, refer to Fig.13 , the bottom longitudinal bone 5 is longitudinally conveyed and installed in place from the lower opening 11 cut by the solid floor plate 2; since the opening on the solid floor plate increases the clearance margin of 3mm compared with the thickness of the longitudinal bone, with such a suitable clearance, the longitudinal bone can be conveniently conveyed to the desired position.

[0052] S6. See Fig.14The inner bottom longitudinals 6 are installed in the same way as the bottom longitudinals 5. The inner bottom longitudinals 6 are conveyed and installed in place through the upper openings 10 cut by the solid floor 2. The remaining components such as the brackets 7 connecting the longitudinals and the watertight floor are installed.

[0053] S7. After that, the double bottom sections are generally formed and can be welded. The welding is carried out by symmetrical welding. A right-angle weld is formed at the connection between the bottom longitudinal 5 and the inner bottom longitudinal 6 and the solid rib 2. The welding rod of the welding worker can be in a horizontal direction and can be welded at an angle of 45°. There will be no obstruction of components such as the bottom plate or the inner bottom plate during welding, and welding can be carried out conveniently. The pain point of poor welding quality of the upper and lower corner welds of the patch plate due to the small distance between the bottom plate and the double bottom and the weld and the lack of a suitable welding angle can be avoided. The welding quality can be effectively guaranteed, and the disadvantage that welding the patch plate at the opening of the inner bottom longitudinal and the bottom longitudinal is not conducive to welding is abandoned. The lateral strength and local strength of the double bottom structure of the hull are optimized, the welding quality is improved, the construction cost can be reduced, and the weight of the hull structure is reduced, which in turn increases the loading weight of the ship, and can make a beneficial contribution to improving the economic benefits of the ship.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a double bottom structure of a hull, wherein the double bottom structure of the hull comprises a bottom plate (1) and an inner bottom plate (9), a solid rib (2) is welded between the bottom plate (1) and the inner bottom plate (9), and an opening for installing a longitudinal bone is provided on the solid rib (2), wherein: The opening comprises a first opening (12) and a second opening (13), the first opening (12) and the second opening (13) being connected via a longitudinal groove (14), a longitudinal bone being installed in the opening, the longitudinal bone being welded to the bottom plate (1) or the inner bottom plate (9), and the longitudinal bone being welded to the solid rib (2) via the longitudinal groove (14); The opening comprises a lower opening (11) close to the bottom plate (1) and an upper opening (10) close to the inner bottom plate (9); the longitudinals comprise a bottom longitudinal (5) and an inner bottom longitudinal (6); the bottom longitudinal (5) is inserted into the lower opening (11), the inner bottom longitudinal (6) is inserted into the upper opening (10), the bottom longitudinal (5) is welded to the bottom plate (1), the inner bottom longitudinal (6) is welded to the inner bottom plate (9), and the bottom longitudinal (5) and the inner bottom longitudinal (6) are welded to the solid rib (2) through the longitudinal groove (14); The width of the longitudinal groove (14) is 2 to 5 mm greater than the thickness of the longitudinal bone for welding to the opening; The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: S1. An upper opening (10) and a lower opening (11) are provided on the solid rib (2) for installing the bottom longitudinal (5) and the inner bottom longitudinal (6). The upper opening (10) and the lower opening (11) are located at the width of the wing plate of the inner bottom longitudinal (6) and the bottom longitudinal (5). The holes are still opened according to the existing standard node opening radius size. The width of the longitudinal groove (14) is 2 to 5 mm larger than the thickness of the longitudinal used for welding into the opening; S2. After the bottom plate (1) or the inner bottom plate (9) is assembled by spot welding in sections, it is welded by submerged arc automatic welding. After welding, it is turned over by a lifting device and then the second side is automatically welded; S3. Mark the structural lines on the bottom plating (1) and inner bottom plating (9); S4. Welding and installing the inner keel, water-tight ribs, side keel, solid ribs (2), and side keel; S5. After the installation is completed, the bottom longitudinal (5) is longitudinally conveyed and installed in place through the lower opening (11) cut from the solid floor (2); S6. The inner bottom longitudinal (6) is installed in the same manner as the bottom longitudinal (5). The inner bottom longitudinal (6) is conveyed and installed through the upper opening (10) cut by the solid floor (2), and the remaining components are installed. S7. After the double bottom segments are formed as a whole, they can be welded. The welding is carried out by symmetrical welding. A right-angle weld is formed at the connection between the bottom longitudinal (5) and the inner bottom longitudinal (6) and the solid rib (2). The welding worker can weld with the welding rod in a horizontal direction and at an angle of 45°.

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