Battery compartment locking device and battery compartment replacement method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery compartment locking device and a battery compartment replacement method. The battery compartment locking device includes a driver, a guide plate, a nut sleeve, a cylinder and other components installed at the end of the sling; a pulley, a synchronous belt, a long bolt, a rotating shaft and other components installed at the end of the battery compartment frame, and a floating nut block and a limit box installed in the crossbeam of the vehicle frame. After the sling and the battery compartment frame are positioned and the load-bearing handle is rotated into place, the sling engages with the battery compartment frame, driving the cylinder piston to extend, and the nut sleeve will cooperate with the nut of the long bolt; then the driver rotates, and the long bolt and the floating nut block are connected and tightened to realize the locking function of the battery compartment frame and the vehicle frame. The main executive components of the locking device are arranged on the sling, which reduces the vehicle-end bottom support locking mechanism and reduces the load of the vehicle. The working principle is simple and the structure is reliable, which can greatly reduce the vehicle-end cost of the automobile factory and improve the replacement efficiency of the battery compartment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mobile battery replacement for electric vehicles, and in particular relates to a battery compartment locking device for electric vehicles and a battery compartment replacement method. Background Art

[0002] New energy vehicles are becoming more and more popular, but due to the battery capacity limitation of electric vehicles, electric vehicles cannot maintain long-term high mileage driving, especially electric vehicles, which are heavy, energy-intensive, and take a long time to charge. If you want to expand the mileage and shorten the idle time, the main measure is to set up a battery swap station. When the vehicle is about to run out of power, the battery replacement solution is adopted. It only takes a few minutes to extend the mileage by hundreds of kilometers. Therefore, the use of special battery replacement equipment to achieve automatic battery replacement is the technical development direction of electric vehicle charging and swap stations.

[0003] In the prior art, most of the battery compartment locking devices of battery swap stations are arranged inside the bottom frame of the battery compartment frame. The stress points are relatively concentrated, resulting in a large mass and volume of the load-bearing plate on the frame, while also occupying more space inside the frame.

[0004] Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the problems of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery compartment locking device, which aims to arrange the main actuators of the locking device on the sling through structural design, thereby reducing the locking structure between the battery compartment frame and the vehicle frame. At the same time, since the main actuators of the locking device are arranged on the sling instead of at one end of the vehicle, the load on the vehicle is reduced.

[0006] Technical solution: The present invention can adopt the following technical solution:

[0007] A battery compartment locking device, comprising a battery compartment frame, a hanger, and a vehicle frame for carrying the battery compartment frame; the battery compartment frame comprises an upper frame, a lower frame, and four hollow columns; the four columns are located at the four corners of the battery compartment frame and connect the upper frame and the lower frame up and down; each column is provided with a long bolt extending up and down, wherein the nut of the long bolt is located above the upper frame, and the long bolt passes downward through the column and the lower frame; the hanger comprises a hanger frame and four locking drive devices installed at the four corners of the hanger frame, and the locking drive device comprises a guide plate, an upper plate located above the guide plate, a driver installed on the guide plate, and a A nut sleeve and a pusher installed between the guide plate and the upper plate, the upper plate is fixed on the sling frame, and the guide plate moves downward away from the upper plate by the pushing action of the pusher; a reset spring is connected between the guide plate and the upper plate; a load-bearing handle is also provided under the sling frame to cooperate with the upper frame of the battery compartment frame, and the load-bearing handle can connect or disconnect the upper frame with the sling frame; floating nut blocks are provided at the four corners of the vehicle frame, and the floating nut blocks are provided with threaded holes that cooperate with long bolts; when the guide plate moves downward to make the nut sleeve sleeve on the nut of the long bolt, the long bolt is inserted into the threaded hole by rotating the nut and locked through the threaded connection, or the long bolt is separated from the threaded hole by reversing the nut.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper frame of the battery compartment frame is also provided with four groups of positioning devices, each group of positioning devices is installed on the upper frame near a nut; the positioning device includes a rotating seesaw located on the inner side of the upper frame, a first pulley fixed on the upper frame, a main shaft connecting the first pulley and the rotating seesaw, a second pulley installed on the top of the upper frame, and a guide column coaxially connected to the second pulley at the bottom; a guide hole matching the guide column is provided on the guide plate of the sling, and a sling guide block extending downward is provided on the bottom of the sling frame; the first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a synchronous belt; when the rotating seesaw is in an initial state, the guide column lies flat on the upper surface of the upper frame; when the sling approaches the upper frame of the battery compartment frame downward, the sling guide block presses one end of the rotating seesaw to rotate the rotating seesaw and drive the first pulley to rotate, the first pulley drives the second pulley to rotate to rotate the guide column to rotate to an upright state, and the guide plate moves toward the guide column side through a pusher to insert the guide column into the guide hole.

[0009] Furthermore, each set of positioning devices has two first pulleys installed side by side on the main shaft, and the second pulley and guide column also have two, and the guide plate is provided with two guide holes; when the sling guide block presses one end of the rotating rocker, the two guide columns rotate to an upright state at the same time and can be inserted into the corresponding guide holes.

[0010] Furthermore, two inner and outer parallel longitudinal beams are provided at both ends of the upper frame, the bottom of the outer longitudinal beam is lower than the bottom of the inner longitudinal beam, the rotating seesaw is located on the inner side of the inner longitudinal beam, and one end of the main shaft is connected to the rotating seesaw and passes through under the inner longitudinal beam, and a main shaft fixing seat supporting the main shaft is provided under the inner longitudinal beam; the first pulley is located between the two longitudinal beams and the synchronous belt extends upward from the gap between the two longitudinal beams and is connected to the second pulley.

[0011] Furthermore, a reset spring is installed at the bottom of the inner longitudinal beam. When the sling guide block moves upward and disengages from the rotating rocker, the rotating rocker returns to its initial position through the reset spring, and the guide column rotates back to a state of lying flat on the upper surface of the upper frame.

[0012] Furthermore, the load-bearing handle includes a rotating shaft installed below the sling frame and a rotating block installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft; when the sling frame moves down to contact the upper frame, the rotating block rotates to abut against the bottom of the upper frame to fix the upper frame between the rotating block and the sling frame; after the rotating block rotates back to its original position, it no longer contacts or interferes with the bottom of the upper frame, and the sling frame can be detached from the upper frame.

[0013] Furthermore, in this case, the driver is a motor; the pusher is a cylinder, which is fixed on the upper plate, and pushes the guide plate downward when the cylinder rod of the cylinder is extended.

[0014] Furthermore, a ball is embedded in the end of the cylinder piston rod that the guide plate contacts, and the ball of the cylinder contacts the guide plate and rolls on the guide plate, and the flexible deformation of the return spring makes the guide plate float to a certain extent.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of guide plates are provided on the vehicle frame, and upper portions of the guide plates are bent inward to form inclined guide slopes.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The battery compartment locking device of the present invention has a simple structure, convenient and quick positioning and guiding, the main execution components are arranged on the sling, and the number of components on the battery compartment frame is relatively small, which reduces the load on the vehicle. It also has a simple working principle and a reliable structure, which can reduce costs and improve the replacement efficiency of the battery compartment.

[0017] The present invention also provides a technical solution for a battery compartment replacement method using the battery compartment locking device:

[0018] When removing the battery compartment frame from the vehicle frame, move the lifting device to the top of the battery compartment frame and move it downward, and use the pusher to move the guide plate downward until the nut sleeve is sleeved on the nut of the long bolt. The nut sleeve is rotated by the driver to drive the long bolt to rotate so that the bottom of the long bolt is separated from the floating nut block. After the upper frame of the battery compartment frame is connected to the lifting device frame by the load-bearing handle, the lifting device drives the battery compartment frame to move upward to separate the battery compartment frame from the vehicle frame.

[0019] When the battery compartment frame is fixed on the vehicle frame, after connecting the upper frame of the battery compartment frame with the hoist frame through the load-bearing handle, the battery compartment frame is placed on the vehicle frame by moving the hoist, and the floating nut block is adjusted in position in the limit box so that the axial direction of the long bolt coincides with the axial direction of the threaded hole of the floating nut block. The nut sleeve is rotated by the driver to drive the long bolt to rotate so that the long bolt and the threaded hole of the floating nut block are fixed by threaded connection, and the pusher returns to its position so that the guide plate moves upward through the reset spring to disengage the nut sleeve from the nut of the long bolt; the load-bearing handle is released from the upper frame of the battery compartment frame, so that the hoist moves upward and disengages from the battery compartment frame.

[0020] Furthermore, the battery compartment locking device has the four sets of positioning devices described above, and a guide hole cooperating with the guide column is provided on the guide plate of the sling. When the sling moves to the top of the battery compartment frame and moves downward, the guide block of the sling presses one end of the rotating seesaw to rotate the rotating seesaw and drive the first pulley to rotate. The first pulley drives the second pulley to rotate the guide column to an upright state and insert it into the guide hole, and then the guide plate is moved downward by the pusher. The guide column is first inserted into the guide hole, and then the nut sleeve is sleeved on the nut of the long bolt.

[0021] Furthermore, the guide column is arranged on the battery compartment frame, and the guide hole is arranged on the guide plate of the hanger to achieve the cooperation between the nut sleeve and the long bolt; conversely, the guide column can be arranged on the guide plate, and the guide hole can be arranged on the battery compartment frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vehicle frame, the battery compartment frame and the sling in the separated state of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hanger and the locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 A is an enlarged schematic diagram.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the battery compartment frame and the hanger in the separated state from another angle of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of B.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the guide column of the battery compartment frame of the present invention is partially collapsed.

[0028] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 6A magnified schematic diagram of C in the middle.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery compartment frame guide column partially standing upright according to the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of D in the middle.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the battery compartment frame and the hanger in the combined state of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.11 It is a fracture diagram of the battery compartment of the present invention after the battery compartment pillars are hidden.

[0033] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the battery compartment frame and the vehicle frame of the present invention from another angle.

[0034] Fig.13 The present invention Fig.12 A magnified schematic diagram of E.

[0035] Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the long bolt of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0038] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylinder of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure:

[0040] 1. Battery compartment frame; 101. Battery compartment crossbeam; 102. Rotating shaft fixing plate; 1021. Rotating shaft frame; 103. Rotating shaft fixing pressure ring; 104. First pulley; 1041. Second pulley; 105. Guide column; 106. Synchronous belt; 107. Long bolt; 108. Snap-in washer set; 109. First rotating shaft; 110. Second rotating shaft; 111. Main shaft; 1111. First tension spring fixing shaft; 1112. Rotating seesaw; 112. Reset tension spring; 113. Battery compartment longitudinal beam; 114. Main shaft fixing seat; 115. Second tension spring fixing shaft; 116. Column; 117. Long bolt guide sleeve; 1071. Nut;

[0041] 2. Spreader; 201. Spreader guide block; 202. Load-bearing handle; 203. Connecting plate; 2021. Rotating shaft; 2022. Rotating block;

[0042] 3. Locking device; 301. Cylinder; 3011. Cylinder active rod; 3012. Ball; 3013. Ball limit cover; 302. Cylinder fixing frame; 303. Return spring; 304. Guide plate; 3041. Guide hole; 305. Driver; 306. Nut sleeve; 307. Upper plate;

[0043] 4. Vehicle frame; 401. Vehicle frame crossbeam; 402. Floating nut block; 4021. Threaded hole; 403. Limit box; 404. Battery compartment guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the same or similar reference numerals throughout the embodiments represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments are intended to help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several improvements or deformations may be made to the scheme of the present invention, but they still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Combination Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a battery compartment locking device, comprising a battery compartment frame 1, a hanger 2, and a vehicle frame 4 for supporting the battery compartment frame 1.

[0046] The battery compartment frame includes an upper frame, a lower frame, and four hollow columns 116; the four columns are located at the four corners of the battery compartment frame and connect the upper frame and the lower frame up and down; each column is provided with a long bolt 107 extending up and down, wherein the nut 1071 of the long bolt 107 is located above the upper frame, and the long bolt passes downward through the column and the lower frame.

[0047] The sling includes a sling frame and four locking drive devices 3 installed at the four corners of the sling frame, the locking drive device includes a guide plate 304, an upper plate 307 located above the guide plate 304, a driver 305 installed on the guide plate, a nut sleeve 306 installed at the output end of the driver 305 and located below the guide plate, and a pusher installed between the guide plate 304 and the upper plate 307. The upper plate 307 is fixed on the sling frame, and the guide plate 304 moves downward away from the upper plate through the pushing action of the pusher; a reset spring 303 is connected between the guide plate and the upper plate; a load-bearing handle 202 that cooperates with the upper frame of the battery compartment frame is also provided below the sling frame, and the load-bearing handle 202 can connect or disconnect the upper frame with the sling frame. The upper frame of the battery compartment frame is also provided with four sets of positioning devices, each set of positioning devices is installed on the upper frame near a nut 1071; the positioning device includes a rotating seesaw 1112 located on the inner side of the upper frame, a first pulley 104 fixed to the upper frame, a main shaft 111 connecting the first pulley 104 and the rotating seesaw 1112, a second pulley 1041 installed on the top of the upper frame, and a guide column 105 coaxially connected to the second pulley 1041 at the bottom; the guide plate 304 of the sling is provided with a guide hole 3041 that cooperates with the guide column 102, and the sling frame A downwardly extending sling guide block 201 is provided at the bottom; the first pulley 104 is connected to the second pulley 1041 by a synchronous belt 106; when the rotating seesaw 1112 is in the initial state, the guide column 105 lies flat on the upper surface of the upper frame; when the sling moves downward close to the upper frame of the battery compartment frame, the sling guide block 201 presses one end of the rotating seesaw 1112 to rotate the rotating seesaw 1112 and drive the first pulley 104 to rotate, and the first pulley 104 drives the second pulley 1041 to rotate to rotate the guide column 102 to an upright state and insert it into the guide hole 3041. In this embodiment, two first pulleys 104 are provided in each set of positioning devices and are installed side by side on the main shaft 111, and two second pulleys and guide posts 102 are also provided, and two guide holes 3041 are provided on the guide plate 304; when the guide block 201 of the sling presses one end of the rotating seesaw 1112, the two guide posts 105 are simultaneously rotated to an upright state and inserted into the corresponding guide holes 3041. The guide holes 3041 of the guide plate are first matched with the guide posts 105 to position the sling guide block 201 and the upper frame, so that the nut 1071 and the nut sleeve 306 have achieved axis positioning before docking, laying a good foundation for the subsequent mutual cooperation.Furthermore, two longitudinal beams 113 are provided at both ends of the upper frame, the bottom of the outer longitudinal beam is lower than the bottom of the inner longitudinal beam, the rotating seesaw 1112 is located at the inner side of the inner longitudinal beam, one end of the main shaft 111 is connected to the rotating seesaw 1112 and passes through the bottom of the inner longitudinal beam, and a main shaft fixed bearing seat 114 for carrying the main shaft is provided under the inner longitudinal beam; the first pulley 104 is located between the two longitudinal beams and the synchronous belt 106 extends upward from the gap between the two longitudinal beams and is connected to the second pulley 1041. A reset spring 112 is also installed at the bottom of the inner longitudinal beam. When the sling guide block 201 moves upward and disengages from the rotating seesaw 1112, the rotating seesaw 1112 returns to the initial position through the reset spring 112, and the guide column 105 rotates back to a state of lying flat on the upper surface of the upper frame. In this embodiment, the driver 305 is a motor; the pusher is a cylinder 301, which is fixed on the upper plate 307. When the cylinder rod 3011 of the cylinder 301 is extended, it pushes the guide plate 304 to move downward.

[0048] The four corners of the vehicle frame are provided with floating nut blocks 402, and the floating nut blocks 402 are provided with threaded holes 4021 that match the long bolts. When the guide plate moves downward to allow the nut sleeve 306 to be sleeved on the nut 1071 of the long bolt, the long bolt 107 is inserted into the threaded hole by rotating the nut 1071 and locked by threaded connection, or the long bolt is separated from the threaded hole by reversing the nut.

[0049] The load-bearing handle 202 includes a rotating shaft 2021 installed below the sling frame and a rotating block 2022 installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft; when the sling frame moves down to contact the upper frame, the rotating block 2022 rotates to abut against the bottom of the upper frame to fix the upper frame between the rotating block and the sling frame; after the rotating block 2022 rotates back to its original position, it no longer contacts or interferes with the bottom of the upper frame, and the sling frame can be separated from the upper frame. The rotating block 2022 can be rotated manually or by setting a motor to automatically control the rotation of the rotating block 2022, which will not be described in detail here.

[0050] In the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the assembly relationship of the various parts, an embodiment of the present invention is further described in detail through the assembly relationship of a modified battery compartment locking device.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 5As shown in , 12-13, a battery compartment locking device comprises: a battery compartment frame 1, wherein each of the four columns 116 of the battery compartment frame 1 has a long bolt 107 inserted therein, and there are synchronous belts 106, pulleys 104 and other components around the nuts, with a total of four groups; a sling 2, wherein the sling 2 has a sling guide block 201, four load-bearing handles 202, and a connecting plate 203 on which a locking device can be installed; a locking device 3, wherein the locking device 3 is arranged on the connecting plate 203 of the sling 2, and its position corresponds one by one to the four long bolts 107 on the battery compartment frame 1; a vehicle frame 4, wherein the vehicle frame 4 can accommodate the battery compartment frame 1, and a group of floating nut blocks 402 and limit boxes 403 are respectively arranged at both ends of the vehicle frame cross beam 401; and four battery compartment guide plates 404 are installed at the four corners of the vehicle frame 4.

[0052] like Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the components such as the long bolt 107, the synchronous belt 106, the pulley 104, etc. are specifically the rotating shaft fixing plate 102, the rotating shaft fixing pressure ring 103, the first pulley 104, the second pulley 1041, the guide column 105, the synchronous belt 106, the long bolt 107, the bite-type washer group 108, the first rotating shaft 109, the second rotating shaft 110, the main shaft 111, the tension spring second fixed shaft 115, the reset tension spring 112, and the main shaft fixing seat 114; wherein, the rotating shaft fixing plate 102 is installed on the upper surface of one end of the battery compartment beam 101, and the circular hole on the rotating shaft fixing plate 102 is coaxial with the bolt hole on the battery compartment beam, and the two sides are parallel to the length and width of the battery compartment frame.

[0053] like Figure 7 , 9 As shown in 15, the bite-type washer group 108 and the long bolt 107 are coaxial with the bolt hole on the battery compartment cross beam 101, and the long bolt 107 has a semicircular cross-section thread segmented distribution on the smooth surface to improve the long bolt 107 The ability to resist torsional deformation, the bottom of the long nut has a tapered guide part.

[0054] like Figure 7 , 9 As shown, four rotating shaft frames 1021 are processed on the rotating shaft fixing plate 102, two in a group, and the first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110 are respectively placed on a group of rotating shaft frames 1021; then, the rotating shaft fixing pressure ring 103 is connected to the rotating shaft frames 1021 by bolts and nuts to fix the two rotating shafts.

[0055] like Figure 5 , 7As shown in Figures 9 and 14, the first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110 each have a spline shaft section. Before installing the rotating shaft fixing pressure ring 103, a guide column 105 is respectively installed on the spline. The rotation of the rotating shaft through the spline can directly drive the guide column 105 to rotate; the first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110 each have a second pulley 1041, which is fixed to the two rotating shafts by the fixing screws on the second pulley 1041; the axial movement of the guide column 105 is limited by a sleeve of corresponding size.

[0056] like Figure 5 , 7 As shown in Figure 9, the main shaft 111 is fixed to the lower surface of the battery compartment longitudinal beam 113 by two main shaft fixing seats 114, and the end thereof located on the inner side of the battery compartment longitudinal beam 113 (i.e., away from the long bolt 107) is provided with a rotating seesaw 1112, and one end of the rotating seesaw 1112 is processed with a first fixed axis 1111 of a tension spring; the end of the main shaft located on the outer side of the battery compartment longitudinal beam 113 (i.e., close to the long bolt) is provided with two pulleys 104 fixed to the main shaft 111 by set screws; the rotating seesaw 1112 can gradually rotate during the descent of the sling guide block 201 and become perpendicular to the battery compartment longitudinal beam 113.

[0057] like Figure 5 , 7 As shown in , 9 , the two first pulleys 104 on the main shaft 111 correspond to the two second pulleys 1041 installed on the first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110 respectively, and the transmission between each set of first and second pulleys is realized through the synchronous belt 106.

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, a second fixed axis 115 of a tension spring is installed on the lower surface of the battery compartment longitudinal beam 113, and the second fixed axis 115 of the tension spring and one end of the first fixed axis 1111 of the tension spring at one end of the rotating rocker 1112 described in claim 6 are in the same plane, and the two ends of a reset tension spring 112 are respectively fixed on the two tension spring fixed axes.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, the axial movement of the main shaft 111 is limited by a sleeve of corresponding size and a fixed pulley 104 .

[0060] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , the four upright posts 116 of the battery compartment frame 1 are hollow inside, and a long bolt guide sleeve 117 is installed at the bottom end thereof to improve the accuracy of aligning the long bolt 107 with the floating nut block 402 .

[0061] like Figure 2 , 4As shown in Figure 10, the sling 2 is rectangular in shape and is provided with four right-angled sling guide blocks 201 at the four corners. The two outer surfaces of the sling guide blocks 201 are respectively in contact with the battery compartment cross beam 101 and the battery compartment longitudinal beam 113 of the battery compartment frame 1; four load-bearing handles 202 are installed on the lower surface of the sling 2, which can be rotated ninety degrees after the sling 2 is in contact with the battery compartment frame 1, so that the upper surface of the load-bearing handle 202 can be in contact with the lower surface of the battery compartment cross beam 101 during the rising process of the sling 2.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, the locking device 3 is composed of three cylinders 301, three cylinder fixing frames 302, three return springs 303, a guide plate 304, a nut sleeve 306, a driver 305 and an upper plate 307, and is fixed to the side of the sling through a connecting plate 203.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the locking device 3 has three cylinder fixing frames 302 whose fixing points are distributed in a triangle on the upper plate 307, with two fixed on one side close to the connecting plate 203 and one fixed in the middle of the other side; the fixing positions of the three reset springs 303 are opposite to the three cylinder fixing frames 302; the three cylinders 301 are fixed on the cylinder fixing frames 302, and the cylinder piston rods extend downward, connecting the upper plate 307 and the guide plate 304 through the three cylinders 301 and the three reset springs 303, so that the guide plate 304 is evenly stressed and keeps a horizontal position.

[0064] like Figure 3 , 10 As shown, the guide plate 304 is divided into two layers, the upper surface of the upper layer is connected to the lower surfaces of the three return springs 303, and is in contact with the three cylinder piston rods 3011; a driver 305 is installed on the upper surface of the upper layer of the guide plate 304, and the driving shaft of the driver 305 extends out of the lower surface of the upper layer of the guide plate 304, and the driving shaft and the nut sleeve 306 are connected to the axial hole with a square cross-section, and the relative positions of the driving shaft and the nut sleeve 306 are fixed by a fixing pin, and the lower layer of the guide plate 304 has a notch so that the nut sleeve 306 can extend out of the lower surface of the lower layer of the guide plate 304, and the nut sleeve 306 should be near the axis of the long bolt 107, and the inside of the nut sleeve 306 is an inner hexagonal shape, which can cooperate with the outer hexagonal nut of the long bolt 107.

[0065] like Fig.17 As shown, the cylinder 301 has a ball 3012 embedded in the end of the cylinder piston rod 3011 that contacts the guide plate 304, and a ball limit cover 3013 is interference fit with the cylinder piston rod 3011. The ball 3011 of the cylinder 301 contacts the guide plate 304 and can roll on the guide plate 304. With the flexible deformation of the return spring 303, the guide plate 304 can float to a certain extent.

[0066] like Fig.10 , 16 As shown, the guide plate 304 is provided with two guide holes 3041 penetrating the upper and lower layers. After the hanger 2 and the battery compartment frame 1 are positioned, the two guide holes 3041 should be located above the two guide posts 105 .

[0067] like Fig.12 , 13 As shown, the floating nut block 402 is machined with a threaded hole 4021 running through it from top to bottom, and the threaded hole 4021 should be as coaxial as possible with the long bolt 107 of the battery compartment frame 1; the floating nut block 402 is placed in a limit box 403, and the length and width of the floating nut block 402 should be smaller than the length and width of the limit box 403, so that it can be adjusted in a certain degree of posture in the limit box 403. When there is a certain deviation between the axis of the threaded hole 4021 on the floating nut block 402 and the axis of the long bolt 107, the long bolt 107 can apply a force to the floating nut block 402 to align the two axes downward; the limit box 403 is installed in the hollow interior of the vehicle frame crossbeam 401.

[0068] Next, the battery compartment replacement method in this case is described:

[0069] When the battery-swapping vehicle is in place, the hoist 2 moves to the top of the battery compartment frame 1. At this time, the guide column remains in a lying state, and then the hoist 2 descends. The two side surfaces of the hoist guide block 201 contact the battery compartment crossbeam 101 and the inner side of the battery compartment longitudinal beam 113 for guidance and positioning; during the descent process, one side of the hoist guide block 201 contacts the rotating seesaw 1112 of the main shaft 111, and the rotating seesaw 1112 drives the main shaft 111 to start rotating, and the reset spring 112 begins to extend; at the same time, the pulley 104 on the main shaft rotates, driving the synchronous belt 106 to move, and transmitting the rotation to the first rotating shaft 109 and the second rotating shaft 110. The rotation of the two rotating shafts rotates through the spline shaft section to rotate the guide column 105; after the hoist 2 is fully in place, the rotating seesaw 1112 rotates to be perpendicular to the battery compartment longitudinal beam 113, and through the above transmission, the guide column 105 rotates to an upright state, and its axis is perpendicular to the plane on the main shaft fixing plate plane 102.

[0070] At this time, the nut sleeve 306 of the locking device 3 should be above the long screw nut and close to the axial position of the long bolt 107. Then the piston of the cylinder 301 begins to extend, the return spring 303 extends, and the guide plate 304 descends. When it descends to a certain height, the guide column 105 can pass through the guide hole 3041 on the guide plate 304. If the guide column 105 cannot pass through the guide hole 3041, the guide plate 304 can be adjusted to a certain extent so that the guide column 105 can pass through the guide hole 3041 on the guide plate 304. The guide plate 304 continues to It descends until the inner hole of the nut sleeve 306 and the nut of the long bolt 107 fit together, then the driver 305 starts working, the drive shaft rotates, and the long bolt 107 and the floating nut block 402 are separated. After separation, the cylinder 301 is retracted, the reset spring 303 is retracted, the guide plate 304 rises, and the inner hole of the nut sleeve 306 leaves the nut of the long bolt 107. When the cylinder 301 is fully retracted, the load-bearing handle 202 rotates ninety degrees, and its upper surface overlaps with the lower surface of the battery compartment beam 101. The hoist 2 rises, and the battery compartment is lifted away from the battery swap vehicle, and the process of removing the battery compartment is completed.

[0071] Next, the hoist 2 lifts the fully charged battery compartment to the top of the vehicle frame. At this time, the guide column 105 on the battery compartment frame 1 is in an upright state; the hoist 2 descends, and the bottom end of the battery compartment frame 1 and the battery compartment guide plates 404 at the four corners of the vehicle frame cooperate to position. When the battery compartment frame 1 is completely placed on the vehicle frame 4, the cylinder piston rod 3011 of the locking device 3 begins to extend, the return spring 303 is stretched, and the guide plate 304 descends. When it descends to a certain height, the guide column 105 can pass through the guide hole 3041 on the guide plate 304; the guide plate 304 continues to descend until the inner hole of the nut sleeve 306 and the nut of the long bolt 107 cooperate, and the driver 305 starts to work, the drive shaft rotates, and the cylinder piston rod 3011 The piston continues to extend, pressing the long bolt 107 downward. After the long screw contacts the floating nut, the posture of the floating nut block 402 is adjusted under the action of the conical guide part, and it is tightened with the floating nut block 402 after alignment. When the cylinder piston rod 3011 cannot be extended, the bottom surface of the long bolt 107 nut presses the bite-type washer group 108, the cylinder piston rod 3011 is retracted, the reset spring 303 is retracted, the guide plate 304 rises, and the inner hole of the nut sleeve 036 leaves the long bolt 107 nut. When the cylinder piston rod 3011 is fully retracted, the load-bearing handle 202 reverses ninety degrees and returns to the initial position, that is, its upper surface does not overlap with the lower surface of the battery compartment beam 101, the sling 2 rises, and the battery swap vehicle drives away from the battery swap station, and the entire process of replacing the battery compartment is completed.

[0072] In the above battery compartment replacement method, the guide column 105 is set on the battery compartment outer frame 1, and the guide hole 3041 is set on the guide plate 304 of the hanger 2 to achieve the cooperation between the nut sleeve 306 and the long bolt 107; conversely, the guide column can be set on the guide plate 304, and the guide hole can be set on the battery compartment outer frame 1. This method has the advantages of fewer guiding parts and more freedom in the position of the guide column, but it is necessary to open a guide hole on the battery compartment outer frame 1, and it is easy to interfere with other parts inside the battery compartment outer frame 1. Therefore, this patent preferentially uses the method in which the guide column 105 is set on the battery compartment outer frame 1 and the guide hole 3041 is set on the guide plate 304 of the hanger 2.

[0073] To sum up, the battery compartment locking device of the present invention has a simple structure, convenient and quick positioning and guiding, the main execution components are arranged on the sling, and the number of components on the battery compartment frame is relatively small, which reduces the load on the vehicle. It also has a simple working principle and a reliable structure, which can reduce costs and improve the replacement efficiency of the battery compartment.

[0074] The driver can be an electric motor or a pneumatic motor, and can be a driver with a striking block or without a striking block. The cylinder can also be an electric cylinder.

[0075] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary personnel in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery compartment locking device, characterized in that: It includes a battery compartment frame, a sling, and a vehicle frame for carrying the battery compartment frame; The battery compartment frame comprises an upper frame, a lower frame, and four hollow columns (116); the four columns are located at the four corners of the battery compartment frame and connect the upper frame and the lower frame up and down; each column is provided with a long bolt extending up and down, wherein the nut of the long bolt is located above the upper frame, and the long bolt passes downward through the column and the lower frame; The sling comprises a sling frame and four locking drive devices (3) installed at the four corners of the sling frame, the locking drive devices comprising a guide plate (304), an upper plate (307) located above the guide plate (304), a driver (305) installed on the guide plate, a nut sleeve (306) installed at the output end of the driver (305) and located below the guide plate, and a pusher installed between the guide plate (304) and the upper plate (307), the upper plate (307) being fixed to the sling frame, and the guide plate (304) being moved downward away from the upper plate by the pushing action of the pusher; a return spring (303) is connected between the guide plate and the upper plate; a load-bearing handle (202) cooperating with the upper frame of the battery compartment frame is also provided below the sling frame, and the load-bearing handle (202) can connect or disconnect the upper frame with the sling frame; Floating nut blocks (402) are provided at the four corners of the vehicle frame, and the floating nut blocks (402) are provided with threaded holes that cooperate with long bolts; When the guide plate moves downward to allow the nut sleeve (306) to be sleeved on the nut of the long bolt, the long bolt is inserted into the threaded hole by rotating the nut and locked through threaded connection, or the long bolt is separated from the threaded hole by reversing the nut.

2. The battery compartment locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper frame of the battery compartment frame is also provided with four groups of positioning devices, each group of positioning devices is installed on the upper frame at a position close to a nut; the positioning devices include a rotating seesaw (1112) located inside the upper frame, a first pulley (104) fixed on the upper frame, a main shaft (111) connecting the first pulley (104) and the rotating seesaw (1112), a second pulley (1041) installed on the top of the upper frame, and a guide column (105) coaxially connected to the second pulley (1041) at the bottom; the guide plate (304) of the sling is provided with a guide hole (3041) that cooperates with the guide column (105), and the bottom of the sling frame is provided with a sling guide block (201) extending downward; A pulley (104) is connected to a second pulley (1041) via a synchronous belt (106); when the rotating seesaw (1112) is in an initial state, the guide column (105) lies flat on the upper surface of the upper frame; when the sling moves downwardly close to the upper frame of the battery compartment frame, the sling guide block (201) presses one end of the rotating seesaw (1112) to rotate the rotating seesaw (1112) and drive the first pulley (104) to rotate, and the first pulley (104) drives the second pulley (1041) to rotate to rotate the guide column (105) to an upright state, and the guide plate (304) moves toward the guide column (105) through a pusher to insert the guide column (105) into the guide hole (3041).

3. The battery compartment locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two first pulleys (104) are provided in each set of positioning devices and are installed side by side on the main shaft (111), and two second pulleys and guide columns (105) are also provided, and two guide holes (3041) are provided on the guide plate (304); when the sling guide block (201) presses one end of the rotating seesaw (1112), the two guide columns rotate to an upright state at the same time and can be inserted into the corresponding guide holes (3041).

4. The battery compartment locking device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: Two inner and outer parallel longitudinal beams (113) are provided at both ends of the upper frame, the bottom of the outer longitudinal beam is lower than the bottom of the inner longitudinal beam, the rotating seesaw (1112) is located on the inner side of the inner longitudinal beam, one end of the main shaft (111) is connected to the rotating seesaw (1112) and passes through the bottom of the inner longitudinal beam, and a main shaft fixing seat (114) supporting the main shaft is provided under the inner longitudinal beam; the first pulley (104) is located between the two longitudinal beams, and the synchronous belt (106) extends upward from the gap between the two longitudinal beams and is connected to the second pulley (1041).

5. The battery compartment locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A return spring (112) is also installed at the bottom of the inner longitudinal beam. When the sling guide block (201) moves upward and disengages from the rotating seesaw (1112), the rotating seesaw (1112) returns to its initial position through the return spring (112), and the guide column (105) rotates back to a state of lying flat on the upper surface of the upper frame.

6. The battery compartment locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing handle (202) comprises a rotating shaft (2021) installed below the sling frame and a rotating block (2022) installed at the bottom end of the rotating shaft; when the sling frame moves down to contact the upper frame, the rotating block (2022) rotates to abut against the bottom of the upper frame to fix the upper frame between the rotating block and the sling frame; after the rotating block (2022) rotates back to its original position, it no longer contacts or interferes with the bottom of the upper frame, and the sling frame can be detached from the upper frame.

7. The battery compartment locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driver (305) is a motor; the pusher is a cylinder (301), which is fixed to the upper plate (307) via a cylinder fixing frame (302); when the cylinder movable rod (3011) of the cylinder (301) is extended, the guide plate (304) is pushed to move downward.

8. The battery compartment locking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A ball (3012) is embedded in the end of the cylinder piston rod that the guide plate (304) contacts. The ball (3012) of the cylinder contacts the guide plate (304) and rolls on the guide plate (304). The guide plate (304) floats to a certain extent in cooperation with the flexible deformation of the return spring (303).

9. A method for replacing a battery compartment using the battery compartment locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: When removing the battery compartment frame from the vehicle frame, the lifting device is moved to the top of the battery compartment frame and moved downward, and the guide plate (304) is moved downward by the pusher until the nut sleeve (306) is sleeved on the nut of the long bolt (107), and the nut sleeve (306) is rotated by the driver (305) to drive the long bolt (107) to rotate so that the bottom of the long bolt (107) is separated from the floating nut block (402), and after the upper frame of the battery compartment frame is connected to the lifting device frame by the load-bearing handle (202), the lifting device drives the battery compartment frame to move upward so that the battery compartment frame is separated from the vehicle frame; When the battery compartment frame is fixed to the vehicle frame, the upper frame of the battery compartment frame is connected to the lifting device frame by the load-bearing handle (202), and the battery compartment frame is placed on the vehicle frame by moving the lifting device. The floating nut block (402) is adjusted in position in the limit box so that the axial direction of the long bolt (107) coincides with the axial direction of the threaded hole of the floating nut block (402). The nut sleeve (306) is rotated by the driver (305) to drive the long bolt (107) to rotate so that the long bolt (107) and the threaded hole of the floating nut block (402) are fixed by threaded connection. The pusher is returned to its position so that the guide plate (304) moves upwards through the return spring (303) so that the nut sleeve (306) and the nut of the long bolt (107) are separated. The load-bearing handle (202) is released from the upper frame of the battery compartment frame, so that the lifting device moves upwards and separates from the battery compartment frame.

10. The battery compartment replacement method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery compartment locking device has four sets of positioning devices as described in claim 2, and a guide hole (3041) cooperating with the guide column (105) is provided on the guide plate (304) of the sling. When the sling moves to the top of the battery compartment frame and moves downward, the sling guide block (201) presses one end of the rotating seesaw (1112) to rotate the rotating seesaw (1112) and drive the first pulley (104) to rotate, and the first pulley (104) drives the second pulley (1041) to rotate so that the guide column (105) rotates to an upright state and can be inserted into the guide hole (3041), and then the guide plate (304) is moved downward by the pusher, and the guide column (105) is first inserted into the guide hole (3041), and then the nut sleeve (306) is sleeved on the nut of the long bolt (107).

11. The battery compartment replacement method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The guide column (105) is arranged on the battery compartment frame, and the guide hole (3041) is arranged on the guide plate (304) of the hanger to achieve the matching between the nut sleeve (306) and the long bolt (107); conversely, the guide column can be arranged on the guide plate, and the guide hole can be arranged on the battery compartment frame.

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