A device and method for sampling seafloor sediments

Abstract

A sampling device and method for seabed sediments; the sampling device comprises: a fixed frame, a collection mechanism and a propulsion mechanism; a sampling tube is installed on the fixed frame in a lifting and movable manner; the collection mechanism contacts the protective cover downward and drives the protective cover to move downward during the descent process; a cylindrical cutter head is relatively slidably limited to an inner ring surrounded by a plurality of shrapnel petals to open the shrapnel petals; after the cylindrical cutter head is separated from the shrapnel petals during the relative upward movement of the collection mechanism, the shrapnel petals elastically shrink to cover the opening of the sampling tube. In this scheme, the cylindrical cutter head and the shrapnel petals are detachably connected, which can prevent large disturbances and easy leakage of samples after the sampling is completed, and can ensure that the sediments collected from the seabed surface will not be disturbed during the collection process, and the shrapnel petals cover the opening of the sampling tube to ensure that the sediments will not slip out of the sampling tube, solving the problem that the sediments are easily disturbed and damaged and leaked when sampling with the existing sampling device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of sampling devices, and in particular to a sampling device and method for seabed sediments. Background Art

[0002] In the process of studying the ocean, it is often necessary to collect sediments from the surface of the seabed. With the increasing requirements for marine resource research and investigation, especially in order to study the changes in the seabed environment, it is necessary to collect sediments from the surface of the seabed more and more accurately, and it is necessary to keep the collected samples in their original state as much as possible to ensure that the sediments collected from the surface of the seabed will not be disturbed during the collection process. At the same time, the sediments on the seabed are not solid, but mostly silt and silt deposits with a certain consistency. Therefore, when the sediments fill the sampling tube, they will not fill the sampling tube like solids, which will cause the sediments to easily fall to the outside of the sampling tube after the sampling tube is separated from the seabed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sampling device for seabed sediments, which drives a protective sleeve and a cylindrical cutter head to descend and insert into the seabed sediments through a sampling mechanism. The protective sleeve is located outside the sampling tube to ensure that the sediment collected from the surface of the seabed will not be disturbed during the collection process, and the opening of the sampling tube is covered by shrapnel petals to ensure that the sediment will not slip out of the sampling tube.

[0004] The invention also provides a method for sampling seabed sediments.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A sampling device for seabed sediments, comprising: a fixing frame, a collecting mechanism and a propulsion mechanism;

[0007] The collection mechanism comprises: a sampling tube and a petal-shaped cutter;

[0008] The sampling tube is installed on the fixing frame in a lifting and movable manner; the petal-shaped cutter is provided with spring petals and a spring cylinder; a plurality of spring petals are installed around the spring cylinder, and the plurality of spring petals are elastically contracted toward the surrounding inner circle; the lower end of the sampling tube is connected to the spring cylinder;

[0009] The propulsion mechanism comprises: a protective sleeve, a support rod and a cylindrical cutter head;

[0010] The protective cover is movably mounted on the outer side of the collecting mechanism in a lifting and lowering manner; the collecting mechanism contacts the protective cover downward and drives the protective cover to move downward during the descent process; the support rod is limited in lifting and lowering, and the support rod is connected to the protective cover; the collecting mechanism or the protective cover contacts the cylindrical cutter head downward, and the cylindrical cutter head is relatively slidably limited to the inner circle surrounded by a plurality of the shrapnel petals to open the shrapnel petals; after the cylindrical cutter head is separated from the shrapnel petals during the relative upward movement of the collecting mechanism, the shrapnel petals elastically shrink to cover the opening of the sampling tube.

[0011] It can be optimized to further include: a pressure-maintaining mechanism;

[0012] The pressure-maintaining mechanism comprises: a pressure-maintaining end cover;

[0013] After the sampling tube rises to be separated from the protective cover, the pressure-maintaining end cover is installed at the lower end of the collection mechanism, and the pressure-maintaining end cover covers the opening at the lower end of the sampling tube.

[0014] Preferably, the collecting mechanism drives the top of the protective sleeve to drop to a plane lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover is located;

[0015] The pressure-maintaining mechanism comprises: a pressure-maintaining moving driver;

[0016] The output end of the pressure-maintaining moving driver is connected to the pressure-maintaining end cover, and is used to drive the pressure-maintaining end cover to move horizontally, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover moves horizontally to vertically align with the lower end of the collecting mechanism, and the lower end of the collecting mechanism descends to be installed on the pressure-maintaining end cover.

[0017] Preferably, the fixing frame is provided with a guide hole; the top end of the support rod is lowered to a plane below the pressure-maintaining end cover, and the part of the support rod below the top end is linearly lifted and lowered and limited to the guide hole, and the guide hole extends along the lifting direction of the sampling tube.

[0018] Preferably, the pressure-maintaining end cover is provided with a stop valve connected to the sampling tube;

[0019] The plurality of shrapnel petals are pressed against the surrounding inner ring to form a feed inlet; the stop valve is located at the feed inlet.

[0020] Optimally, the sampling tube is provided with a reversing valve, and one of the output ends of the reversing valve is connected to the input end of the one-way valve.

[0021] Optimally, the inner wall of the protective cover is attached to the outer wall of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube moves through the end of the protective cover.

[0022] Preferably, the fixing frame is provided with a positioning hole; the support rod is raised and lowered in the positioning hole, and the support rod is provided with a one-way clamping block;

[0023] The one-way clamping block descends until the lower end abuts against the top of the positioning hole to limit the descent of the protective cover; the one-way clamping block passes through the positioning hole after being pressed downward;

[0024] The upper end of the one-way clamping block abuts against the lower side of the positioning hole to limit the rising of the protective sleeve.

[0025] A method for sampling seafloor sediments comprises the following steps:

[0026] (1) The collecting mechanism moves downward until it contacts the protective cover, and drives the protective cover to move downward. The collecting mechanism or the protective cover moves downward until it contacts the cylindrical cutter head. The cylindrical cutter head and the collecting mechanism extend into the sediment below the seabed surface.

[0027] (2) Sediments enter the sampling tube through the cylindrical cutter head until the sediments fill the sampling tube, driving the collection mechanism to rise and keeping the protective cover in position, so that the cylindrical cutter head and the shrapnel petals at the lower end of the collection mechanism gradually separate; when the shrapnel petals shrink toward the inner circle under the action of elasticity to cover the opening of the sampling tube, the seabed sediments are cut off and the sediments are retained in the sampling tube;

[0028] (3) Install the pressure-maintaining end cap at the bottom of the collection mechanism to maintain the pressure and seal the sampling tube.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, one of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention provides a sampling device for seabed sediments, which drives a protective sleeve and a cylindrical cutter head to descend and insert into the seabed sediments through a collection mechanism. The protective sleeve is located outside the sampling tube to ensure that the sediment collected from the surface of the seabed will not be disturbed during the collection process, and the opening of the sampling tube is covered by shrapnel petals to ensure that the sediment will not slip out of the sampling tube, thereby solving the problem that the sediments of the existing sampling devices are easily disturbed and damaged and easily leaked during sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a sampling device;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of one embodiment when the collecting mechanism and the propulsion mechanism are assembled;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the assembly of the collection mechanism and the propulsion mechanism;

[0034] Figure 4yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle part;

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the middle B part;

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of middle C part;

[0037] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of a sampling device;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of positioning the support rod by a one-way clamping block;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment when the shrapnel cylinder is installed on the shrapnel petals;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment when the shrapnel cylinder is separated from the shrapnel petals;

[0041] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment when the pressure-maintaining end cover is connected to the lower end of the collecting mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "inner end", "outer end", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, which are used to distinguish and describe the features, without distinction of order or importance. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means more than two.

[0044] like Figure 1-11 , a sampling device for seabed sediments, comprising: a fixing frame 1, a collecting mechanism 2 and a propulsion mechanism 3;

[0045] The collection mechanism 2 includes: a sampling tube 21 and a petal-shaped cutter 22;

[0046] The sampling tube 21 is installed on the fixing frame 1 in a lifting and movable manner; the petal-shaped cutter 22 is provided with a spring petal 221 and a spring cylinder 222; a plurality of spring petals 221 are installed around the spring cylinder 222, and the plurality of spring petals 221 elastically shrink toward the surrounding inner circle; the lower end of the sampling tube 21 is connected to the spring cylinder 222;

[0047] The propulsion mechanism 3 includes: a protective sleeve 31, a support rod 32 and a cylindrical cutter head 33;

[0048] The protective cover 31 is movably mounted on the outer side of the collecting mechanism 2 in a lifting and lowering manner; the collecting mechanism 2 contacts the protective cover 31 downward and drives the protective cover 31 to move downward during the descent process; the support rod 32 is limited in lifting and lowering, and the support rod 32 is connected to the protective cover 31; the collecting mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 contacts the cylindrical cutter head 33 downward, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 is relatively slidably limited to the inner circle surrounded by a plurality of the shrapnel petals 221 to open the shrapnel petals 221; after the cylindrical cutter head 33 is separated from the shrapnel petals 221 during the relative upward movement of the collecting mechanism 2, the shrapnel petals 221 elastically shrink to cover the opening of the sampling tube 21.

[0049] The present solution provides a sampling device for seabed sediments, which drives the protective cover 31 and the cylindrical cutter head 33 to descend and insert into the seabed sediments through the collection mechanism 2. Based on the relative sliding contact relationship between the cylindrical cutter head 33 and the spring petals 221, the collection mechanism 2, the protective cover 31 and the cylindrical cutter head 33 are synchronously inserted into the sediments during sampling, so that the sampling tube 21 can be completely extended into the sediments. The protective cover 31 is located outside the sampling tube 21 to ensure that the sediments collected from the seabed surface will not be disturbed during the collection process, and the opening of the sampling tube 21 is covered by the spring petals 221 to ensure that the sediments will not slip out of the sampling tube, thereby solving the problem that the sediments are easily disturbed and damaged and leaked during sampling by the existing sampling device.

[0050] Specifically, the sampling tube 21 is installed on the fixed frame 1 in a lifting manner. The sampling tube 21 can be lifted and moved in a known manner, for example, by a known lifting mechanism such as a combination of an air cylinder, an oil cylinder, a motor and a screw rod, as long as the sampling tube 21 is driven to lift and move. In the initial state, the lower end of the sampling tube 21 is synchronously connected to the petal-shaped cutter 22, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 is arranged between the multiple spring petals 221 of the petal-shaped cutter 22. The spring petals 221 can elastically contract toward the inner circle formed around them, so that they contact the outer wall of the cylindrical cutter head 33 under the elastic action, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 opens the spring petals 221; at the same time, the protective cover 31 is arranged on the outside of the collection mechanism 2 (for example, the outside of the sampling tube 21), which can provide protection for the collection mechanism 2. Since the support rod 32 is a limit move When the support rod 32 moves to the end of the movement, the support rod 32 limits the height position of the protective cover 31, and then limits the descending position of the sampling tube 21 through the support rod 32; when sampling is required, the sampling tube 21 is driven to move downward, and the collection mechanism 2 contacts the protective cover 31 downward, which means that any part of the collection mechanism 2 such as the sampling tube 21 or the petal-shaped cutter 22 contacts downward at any position of the protective cover 31, and the contact position is any structure in the protective cover 31. For example, the protective cover 31 can be provided with a support plate 311, and the sampling tube 21 or the petal-shaped cutter 22 can be provided with a support plate 311. The sampler 22 contacts the support plate 311 downward, thereby directly or indirectly driving the protective cover 31 to synchronously descend during the descent of the sampling tube 21; the sampling tube 21 or the shrapnel cylinder 222 can directly drive the protective cover 31 to move downward, and the shrapnel petals 221 are attached to the outer side of the cylindrical cutter head 33, which can limit the downward movement direction of the cylindrical cutter head 33, thereby ensuring that the downward movement angle of the cylindrical cutter head 33 does not deviate, so that only one of the sampling tube 21, the shrapnel cylinder 222 and the protective cover 31 can be made to contact the cylindrical cutter head 33 from top to bottom. The cylindrical cutter head 33 is now driven to move downward synchronously, thereby ensuring that the cylindrical cutter head 33 maintains the same angle and extends into the deep sediment. The cylindrical cutter head 33, the protective cover 31 and the sampling tube 21 are sequentially extended into the sediment, and the sediment passes through the surrounding area of ​​the cylindrical cutter head 33 and the shrapnel petals 221 and enters the sampling tube 21. When the sampling tube 21 of the present application is fully extended into the sediment, the sediment eventually fills the sampling tube 21. Therefore, it is only necessary to design the sampling tube 21 of the required length and the lifting end point of the support rod 32 to ensure that sufficient seabed sediment is collected.When sampling is completed, the support rod 32 can be limited, for example, manually or mechanically, to limit the movement of the protective cover 31, and then the sampling tube 21 can be driven to move upward, and the petal-shaped cutter 22 can be driven to move upward; since the collection mechanism 2 only contacts the protective cover 31 downward, the collection mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 contacts the cylindrical cutter head 33 downward, and the spring petals 221 of the petal-shaped cutter 22 slide upward relative to the cylindrical cutter head 33, and will come out from above the cylindrical cutter head 33, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 will separate from the spring petals 221, and the spring petals 221 will be retracted to the inner circle under the action of elasticity. The cylindrical blade 33, protective sleeve 31 and sampling tube 21 are respectively extended into the sediment, and the sediment is retained in the sampling tube 21; the cylindrical blade head is left in the sediment, and the cylindrical blade head and the shrapnel petals of this scheme are detachably connected, which can prevent the problem of large disturbance and easy leakage of samples after the sampling is completed, and can ensure that the sediment collected on the surface of the seabed will not be disturbed during the collection process; the shrapnel petals 221 can directly seal the sediment in the water after the sampling is completed, so as to solve the problem of leakage caused by failure to seal in time after sampling. At the same time, the cylindrical blade head 33, protective sleeve 31 and sampling tube 21 are successively extended into the sediment, which can extend the sampling length, and has the advantage of deep acquisition of seabed sediments, which can make the sampling interface undisturbed, and combined with the shrapnel petals 221, the sediment sample can be supported as a whole.

[0051] There are multiple shrapnel petals 221, and the gravity of the sediment is evenly distributed on each shrapnel petal 221, so as to support the sampling and recovery support of seabed sediments with large length and large diameter.

[0052] It can be optimized to further include: a pressure-maintaining mechanism 4;

[0053] The pressure-maintaining mechanism 4 comprises: a pressure-maintaining end cover 41;

[0054] After the sampling tube 21 rises and is separated from the protective cover 31 , the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is installed at the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 , and the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 covers the opening at the lower end of the sampling tube 21 .

[0055] When the sampling tube 21 completes sampling, it can rise to be separated from the protective cover 31; when the sampling tube 21 is separated, the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 in the pressure-maintaining mechanism 4 can be installed at the lower end of the collection mechanism 2, so as to seal the sampling tube 21 and keep the sample in place. The pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is installed at the lower end of the collection mechanism 2, and can be installed at the lower end of the sampling tube 21, or can be a spring cylinder 222 at the lower end of the sampling tube 21, so that the opening at the lower end of the sampling tube 21 is directly or indirectly covered by the pressure-maintaining end cover 41.

[0056] Optimally, the collecting mechanism 2 drives the top of the protective cover 31 to drop to a plane lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is located;

[0057] The pressure-maintaining mechanism 4 includes: a pressure-maintaining moving driver 42;

[0058] The output end of the pressure-maintaining movement driver 42 is connected to the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and is used to drive the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 to move horizontally, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 moves horizontally to vertically align with the lower end of the collecting mechanism 2, and the lower end of the collecting mechanism 2 descends to be installed on the pressure-maintaining end cover 41.

[0059] After the collecting mechanism 2 drives the protective cover 31 to descend, the end point of the descent is preferably that the top of the protective cover 31 is lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is located. Figure 7 The advantage of this spatial distribution is that after the subsequent collection is completed, the sampling tube 21 only needs to move upward to completely separate from the protective cover 31, and then the pressure-maintaining moving driver 42 is started. The output end of the pressure-maintaining moving driver 42 drives the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 to move horizontally to the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 (for example, the lower end of the sampling tube 21 or the lower end of the shrapnel cylinder 222). The sampling tube 21 only needs to be lowered again to make the collection mechanism 2 as a whole lower. The lower end of the collection mechanism 2 is finally installed on the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, so that the sampling tube 21 or the shrapnel cylinder 222, etc. as the lower end part of the collection mechanism 2 are assembled with the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and finally the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is directly or indirectly installed on the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 to seal the lower end opening of the sampling tube 21; in this way, when the collection mechanism 2 drives the protective cover 31 to move downward, the top of the protective cover 31 will be avoided. After the sediment collection is completed, the horizontal adjustment of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 and the lifting and lowering adjustment of the collection mechanism 2 can complete the sealing in the original state. Furthermore, since the sampling tube 21 only needs to rise and then fall after completing the collection, the rising distance and the falling distance of the sampling tube 21 can be driven by adjusting the sampling lifting driver 5. For example, the rising distance and the falling distance of the cylinder are fixed, and the motor drives the screw to rotate so that the lifting distance of the nut seat is fixed. Therefore, the sampling tube 21 can rise until the lower end of the sampling tube 21 is infinitely close to the upper end of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, thereby reducing the falling distance of the sampling tube 21, and then shortening the sealing time of the sampling tube 21. The sampling tube 21 can remain sealed in the original state immediately after the collection is completed.

[0060] Furthermore, when the top of the protective sleeve 31 drops to a level below the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is located, and the sampling tube 21 subsequently rises again after completing sampling, a relative displacement is formed between the top of the protective sleeve 31 and the outer wall of the sampling tube 21, and the top of the protective sleeve 31 can scrape the sediment on the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 to remove the sediment, thereby avoiding subsequent impact on the assembly of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and improving the surface cleanliness of the sampling tube 21 and the service life, thereby protecting the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 and preventing contaminants from being attached to the outer wall of the sampling tube 21, thereby solving the problem that the existing solution cannot protect the outer wall of the sampling tube 21.

[0061] Optimally, the fixing frame 1 is provided with a guide hole 11; the top end of the support rod 32 is lowered to a plane below the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and the part of the support rod 32 below the top end is linearly lifted and lowered and limited to the guide hole 11, and the guide hole 11 extends along the lifting direction of the sampling tube 21.

[0062] like Figure 7 , the top of the support rod 32 can also be lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is located during the descent process, thereby avoiding the horizontal movement of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 and preventing the top of the support rod 32 from interfering with the assembly of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 and the sampling tube 21. The guiding effect of the support rod 32 on the protective cover 31 is mainly concentrated on the part below the top of the support rod 32. The lower part of the support rod 32 is limited to the guide hole 11, and the lower part of the support rod 32 moves along the extension direction of the guide hole 11. The guide hole 11 provides a positioning effect for the support rod 32 to prevent the position of the protective cover 31 from deviating. In this way, the support rod 32 can not only guide the lifting and lowering of the protective cover 31, but also avoid the horizontal movement of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 during the descent process.

[0063] In this solution, since the support rod 32 is limited in movement, when the support rod 32 moves to the end of the movement, the support rod 32 limits the height position of the protective cover 31. It is only necessary to design the sampling tube 21 of the required length and the lifting end of the support rod 32 to ensure that enough seabed sediment is collected. When the sampling is completed, the support rod 32 can be kept limited in position. For example, in some embodiments, Figure 5 , the top of some support rods 32 may be provided with a boss 323, and the boss 323 is clamped on the top of the fixing frame 1 at the end point of the support rod 32 moving downward and cannot continue to move downward. For example, in some embodiments, the top of some support rods 32 is fixed by manual grip or other mechanical structures, as long as the support rod 32 is limited to limit the height position of the protective cover 31. In this way, the top position of the support rod 32 is limited, and when the protective cover remains in the sediment, the support rod 32 and the protective cover can still be recovered together by driving the top of the support rod 32 to move upward.

[0064] The limit raising and lowering of the support rod 32 can be determined according to needs. For example, after the collection is completed, the support rod 32 is held manually or automatically to prevent the protective cover 31 from rising synchronously, thereby keeping the protective cover 31 relatively still and the sampling tube 21 relatively rising, so that there is a considerable sliding between the sampling tube 21 and the protective cover 31 for final separation.

[0065] Optimally, the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 is provided with a stop valve 43 connected to the sampling tube 21;

[0066] The plurality of elastic petals 221 are pressed against the surrounding inner ring to form a feed inlet 223 ; the stop valve 43 is located at the feed inlet 223 .

[0067] In addition to sealing the sampling tube 21, the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 can also input a specific medium, such as a liquid medium or a gas medium, into the sampling tube 21 through the stop valve 43 of the pressure-maintaining end cap 41, so that gas or liquid can be introduced during pressure-maintaining analysis in a sealed state to simulate in-situ conditions; and simulating in-situ conditions can reduce or avoid the effects of oxidation and biodegradation on the sediment sample, thereby maintaining the original characteristics of the sample. The pressure-maintaining end cap 41 can be designed to be a transparent material at a certain point as needed, so that it can be easily observed and analyzed from the outside.

[0068] In some embodiments, the spring petals 221 are sufficient to confine the seabed sediments within the sampling tube 21 , and the sampling tube 21 can be directly removed and then the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 can be installed.

[0069] In the most preferred embodiment, it further comprises: a sampling lifting driver 5;

[0070] The output end of the sampling lifting driver 5 is connected to the sampling tube 21 for lifting and lowering, and is used to drive the sampling tube 21 to move upward and downward;

[0071] After the sampling tube 21 is separated from the protective cover 31 , the sampling lifting driver 5 drives the sampling tube 21 down until the lower end of the collecting mechanism 2 presses the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 , and the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 seals and covers the lower end opening of the sampling tube 21 .

[0072] The sampling lifting driver 5 is used to drive the lifting and lowering of the sampling tube 21. It can drive the sampling tube 21 to move downward, so that the collection mechanism 2 moves as a whole, thereby driving the protective cover 31, the support rod 32 and the cylindrical cutter head 33 to descend synchronously. The sampling lifting driver 5 can also drive the sampling tube 21 to rise until it is separated from the protective cover 31, so that the protective cover 31 is separated from the sampling tube 21. After the sampling tube 21 is separated from the protective cover 31, the lower end of the sampling tube 21 can be pressed against the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 to enhance the sealing degree of the sampling tube 21. The position where the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 is pressed can be the tube mouth at the lower end of the sampling tube 21, or any structure below the tube mouth, such as the spring cylinder 222 of the petal-shaped cutter 22. At the same time, the pressure-maintaining end cap 41 can be provided with a corresponding sealing structure as needed, such as providing an O-ring at the pressing position of the collection mechanism 2 to improve the sealing performance.

[0073] More preferably, the sampling lifting driver 5 can be communicatively connected with the pressure-maintaining moving driver 42, and the linkage between the two can respond quickly and shorten the waiting time.

[0074] The sampling lifting driver 5 is a well-known mechanism capable of driving the lifting movement, such as a combination of an air cylinder, an oil cylinder, a motor and a screw rod, etc., as long as it can drive the sampling tube 21 to move up and down.

[0075] Optimally, the sampling tube 21 is provided with a reversing valve 14 , and one output end of the reversing valve 14 is connected to the input end of the one-way valve 13 .

[0076] For some embodiments, during the sediment collection process, in order to further increase the amount of sediment collected, the reversing valve 14 is switched to the one-way valve 13, and the input end of the one-way valve 13 is indirectly connected to the sampling tube 21. In this way, when the seabed sediment is in situ, the one-way valve can discharge seawater in one direction, so that more sediment can be collected in the same sampling tube 21, so that only most of the solid sediment is retained. Especially for the embodiment in which the shrapnel petals 221 form the feed port 223, removing water can reduce the fluidity of the sediment, so that the shrapnel petals 221 mainly hold up the solid part, and prevent the liquid from driving the solid part to flow away from the feed port 223. Among them, the drainage device 6 can also be connected to the one-way valve 13, and the drainage device 6 uses negative pressure to continuously discharge the water in the sediment; the drainage device 6 is a well-known mechanism with drainage function, which mainly discharges the water in the sampling tube 21 by negative pressure. When the sampling device completes sampling, the reversing valve 14 can be closed, so that the sampling tube 21 is completely sealed, so that the sampling can be carried out with high fidelity, pressure maintenance, no interference and low water content.

[0077] Optimally, the inner wall of the protective cover is attached to the outer wall of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube moves through the end of the protective cover.

[0078] When the sampling tube 21 moves relative to the protective cover 31, the end of the protective cover 31 can scrape the sediment on the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 to remove the sediment, avoid affecting the subsequent assembly of the pressure-maintaining end cover 41, and improve the surface cleanliness of the sampling tube 21 and the service life, thereby protecting the outer wall of the sampling tube 21 and preventing pollutants from hanging on the outer wall of the sampling tube 21, solving the problem that the existing solution cannot protect the outer wall of the sampling tube 21. At the same time, the clean end surface is conducive to the sealing effect of the sampling tube 21, thereby improving the subsequent collection effect of maintaining fidelity and pressure.

[0079] Optimally, the fixing frame 1 is provided with a positioning hole 12; the support rod 32 is raised and lowered in the positioning hole 12, and the support rod 32 is provided with a one-way block 321;

[0080] The one-way block 321 descends until its lower end abuts against the top of the positioning hole 12 to limit the downward movement of the protective cover 31 ; the one-way block 321 passes through the positioning hole 12 after being pressed downward;

[0081] The upper end of the one-way block 321 abuts against the lower side of the positioning hole 12 to limit the upward movement of the protective cover 31 .

[0082] like Figure 8 The arrow direction is the descending direction of the support rod 32; the best solution is to set a one-way block 321 on the support rod 32, and the positioning of the protective cover 31 before and after collection can be achieved only by setting the one-way block 321; before collection, the collection mechanism 2 drives the protective cover 31 to move downward, and the one-way block 321 can finally abut against the fixing frame 1, specifically, move to the top of the positioning hole 12, so as to position the descending of the protective cover 31, and then position the descending end point of the sampling tube 21, and the one-way block 321 can be designed at the height position of the support rod 32 to determine the depth of the sampling tube 21 inserted into the sediment; and after the sampling tube 21 is lowered and positioned or the collection is completed, the support rod 32 can be driven to The one-way block 321 is further moved downward, so that the one-way block 321 passes through the positioning hole 12 under the pressing action, specifically moves to the bottom of the positioning hole 12; after the sampling tube 21 completes the collection, the sampling tube 21 needs to rise until it is finally separated from the protective cover 31, and the upper end of the one-way block 321 provided on the support rod 32 presses upward against the fixing frame 1, thereby limiting the upward trend of the support rod 32, and finally limiting the rise of the protective cover 31; that is, the rise restriction of the support rod 32 in this embodiment can omit additional manual fixation or complex mechanical limiting, and only needs to drive the sampling tube 21 to move upward; the one-way block 321 is provided on the support rod 32, so as to achieve multi-level positioning of the protective cover 31 before and after the collection.

[0083] The one-way block 321 passes through the positioning hole 12 after further pressing, which can be achieved by selecting the material of the one-way block 321 or the structure of the one-way block 321. For example, the one-way block 321 can be made of a material with a certain degree of deformation, such as plastic, rubber, thin and elastic metal parts, etc.

[0084] The outer diameter of the upper half of the one-way block 321 gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end.

[0085] The outer diameter of the lower half of the one-way clamping block 321 gradually increases from the lower end to the upper end, so that a small diameter end can be formed at the lower end of the one-way clamping block 321, and a large diameter end can be formed at the upper end of the clamping block; the outer diameter of the large diameter end is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the positioning hole 12; on the one hand, the small diameter end of the one-way clamping block 321 is easier to extend into the positioning hole 12, reducing the difficulty of entering the positioning hole 12; the one-way clamping block 321 is clamped in the positioning hole 12 through the transition surface between the large diameter end and the small diameter end, so as to position the protective cover 31 for descending; and when it is necessary to make the one-way clamping block 321 pass through the positioning hole 12 after further pressing, the one-way clamping block 321 or the support rod 32 is deformed or adjusted to a certain position to pass through the positioning hole 12, and the large diameter end of the one-way clamping block 321 is against the bottom of the positioning hole 12. Under the limiting action of the large diameter end of the one-way clamping block 321, the support rod 32 is difficult to adjust upward, thereby limiting the rise of the protective cover 31.

[0086] It can be further optimized that the distance between the inner wall of the positioning hole 12 and the outer wall of the support rod 32 is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the one-way block 321 .

[0087] The distance between the inner wall of the positioning hole 12 and the outer wall of the support rod 32 is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper end of the one-way block 321; the larger the distance between the inner wall of the positioning hole 12 and the outer wall of the support rod 32, the one-way block 321 can pass through the positioning hole 12 with a smaller pressing force, thereby increasing the service life of the support rod 32; in one of the embodiments, the support rod 32 can be located in the middle of the positioning hole 12; in one of the embodiments, the support rod 32 can be located in the inner wall of the positioning hole 12, or the support rod 32 can be located between the middle and the inner wall of the positioning hole 12.

[0088] A method for sampling seafloor sediments comprises the following steps:

[0089] (1) The collecting mechanism 2 moves downward until it contacts the protective cover 31, and drives the protective cover 31 to move downward. The collecting mechanism 2 or the protective cover 31 moves downward until it contacts the cylindrical cutter head 33. The cylindrical cutter head 33 and the collecting mechanism 2 extend into the sediment below the seabed surface.

[0090] (2) The sediment enters the sampling tube 21 through the cylindrical cutter head 33 until the sediment fills the sampling tube 21, and then the collection mechanism 2 is driven to rise, and the protective cover 31 is kept limited, and the cylindrical cutter head 33 and the spring petals 221 at the lower end of the collection mechanism 2 are gradually separated; when the spring petals 221 shrink toward the inner circle under the action of elasticity to cover the opening of the sampling tube 21, the seabed sediment is cut off, and the sediment is retained in the sampling tube 21;

[0091] (3) Install the pressure-maintaining end cover 41 on the bottom of the collection mechanism 2 to maintain the pressure and seal the sampling tube 21.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sampling device for seabed sediments, characterized in that: include: Fixed frame, collecting mechanism, pushing mechanism and pressure maintaining mechanism; The collection mechanism comprises: a sampling tube and a petal-shaped cutter; The sampling tube is installed on the fixing frame in a lifting and movable manner; the petal-shaped cutter is provided with spring petals and a spring cylinder; a plurality of spring petals are installed around the spring cylinder, and the plurality of spring petals are elastically contracted toward the surrounding inner circle; the lower end of the sampling tube is connected to the spring cylinder; The propulsion mechanism comprises: a protective sleeve, a support rod and a cylindrical cutter head; The protective cover is movably mounted on the outer side of the collecting mechanism in a lifting manner; the collecting mechanism contacts the protective cover downward and drives the protective cover to move downward during the descent process; the support rod is limitedly lifted and lowered, and the support rod is connected to the protective cover; the collecting mechanism or the protective cover contacts the cylindrical cutter head downward, and the cylindrical cutter head is relatively slidably limited to the inner circle surrounded by a plurality of the shrapnel petals to open the shrapnel petals; after the cylindrical cutter head is separated from the shrapnel petals during the relative upward movement of the collecting mechanism, the shrapnel petals are elastically contracted to cover the opening of the sampling tube; The fixing frame is provided with a positioning hole; the support rod is raised and lowered in the positioning hole, and the support rod is provided with a one-way clamping block; The one-way clamping block descends until the lower end abuts against the top of the positioning hole to limit the descent of the protective cover; the one-way clamping block passes through the positioning hole after being pressed downward; The upper end of the one-way clamping block abuts against the bottom of the positioning hole to limit the rise of the protective cover; The pressure-maintaining mechanism comprises: a pressure-maintaining end cover; After the sampling tube rises to be separated from the protective cover, the pressure-maintaining end cover is installed at the lower end of the collection mechanism, and the pressure-maintaining end cover covers the opening at the lower end of the sampling tube.

2. A sampling device for seabed sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism drives the top of the protective sleeve to drop to a plane lower than the plane where the pressure-maintaining end cover is located; The pressure-maintaining mechanism comprises: a pressure-maintaining moving driver; The output end of the pressure-maintaining moving driver is connected to the pressure-maintaining end cover, and is used to drive the pressure-maintaining end cover to move horizontally, so that the pressure-maintaining end cover moves horizontally to vertically align with the lower end of the collecting mechanism, and the lower end of the collecting mechanism descends to be installed on the pressure-maintaining end cover.

3. A sampling device for seabed sediments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing frame is provided with a guide hole; the top end of the support rod is lowered to a plane below the pressure-maintaining end cover, and the part of the support rod below the top end is linearly lifted and lowered in the guide hole, and the guide hole extends along the lifting direction of the sampling tube.

4. A sampling device for seabed sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-maintaining end cover is provided with a stop valve connected to the sampling tube; The plurality of shrapnel petals are pressed against the surrounding inner ring to form a feed inlet; the stop valve is located at the feed inlet.

5. A sampling device for seabed sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling tube is provided with a reversing valve, and one of the output ends of the reversing valve is connected to the input end of the one-way valve.

6. A sampling device for seabed sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the protective cover is attached to the outer wall of the sampling tube, and the sampling tube moves through the end of the protective cover.

7. A sampling device for seabed sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the one-way clamping block in the upper half gradually increases from the upper end to the lower end.

8. A method for sampling seabed sediments, using a seabed sediment sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) The collecting mechanism moves downward until it contacts the protective cover, and drives the protective cover to move downward. The collecting mechanism or the protective cover moves downward until it contacts the cylindrical cutter head. The cylindrical cutter head and the collecting mechanism extend into the sediment below the seabed surface. (2) Sediments enter the sampling tube through the cylindrical cutter head until the sediments fill the sampling tube, driving the collection mechanism to rise and keep the protective cover in position, so that the cylindrical cutter head and the shrapnel petals at the lower end of the collection mechanism gradually separate; when the shrapnel petals shrink toward the inner circle under the action of elasticity to cover the opening of the sampling tube, the seabed sediments are cut off and the sediments are retained in the sampling tube; (3) Install the pressure-maintaining end cap at the bottom of the collection mechanism to maintain the pressure and seal the sampling tube.

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